非谓语动词总结以及易错点
非谓语动词易错点(超权威)
非谓语动词易错点1.感官动词see，watch，observe，look at，hear，listen to，notice等和使役动词have后面的宾补有四种形式：当宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的主动关系时，需用动词原形(即不带to的不定式)及doing(v.-ing形式一般主动式)。
不带to的不定式表完成，v.-ing形式一般主动式表正在进行；当宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系时，需用v.-ed分词及being done(v.-ing形式一般被动式)。
v.-ed分词表完成或没有一定的时间性，v.-ing形式一般被动式表正在进行。
I heard her sing an English song just now.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
(主动，完成)I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她在唱英文歌。
(主动，正在进行)I heard an English song being sung by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见一个小女孩正在唱英文歌。
(被动，正在进行)I found him tied to a big tree.我发现他被捆在一颗大树上。
(2008·江苏高考)To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English as much as we can.A.speakB.speakingC.spokenD.to spoken选 句意：为了把英语学好，我们应当尽可能抓住一切机会去听别人讲英语。
本题关键要意识到English和speak之间是被动关系，故选C。
注意：有些动词接动名词作宾语, 可用下列方式帮助记忆归纳:避免 错过 少延期 （avoid, miss, put off/postpone）建议 完成 多练习（ suggest, finish, practice）喜欢 想像 禁不住（ enjoy, imagine, can’t help）承认 否定 与嫉妒（ admit, deny, envy）逃避 冒险 莫原谅 (escape, risk, excuse)忍受 保持 别介意（stand, keep, mind）2.leave后接非谓语动词作宾补时，意为“使……处于某种状态”。
【备战高考】非谓语动词总结以及易错点
【备战高考】非谓语动词总结以及易错点一、单项选择非谓语动词1．Though _____ of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.A． warning B． to warn C． warn D． warned 【答案】 D【分析】【详解】观察非谓语动词。
句意：只管被警示了危险，他依旧持续在薄冰上溜冰。
表示发生过的被动的动作，和句子主语he 是动宾关系，用过去分词。
应选D。
2． He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A． to act B． to have acted C． acting D． having acted【答案】 B【分析】试题剖析：句型“有人以为..已....可”用It is thought/构。
从句中的动作发生在主句动作从前。
该构造可转变为达成式。
如：It is reported that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. The news reports that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. Cheng Yifei is reported to have died several days ago.believed/...that sb have/has done... 结 sb is thought/believed +不定式的所以 B 选项正确。
句意为“有人以为他已做了一件傻事。
此刻应怪他自己扔掉这份工作。
”考点：观察动词非谓语形式。
3．After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.A． to thank B．thankingC． having thanked D． to have thanked【答案】 A【分析】试题剖析：句意：在获取奥斯卡最正确女副角后，Anne Benedict 持续感谢全部帮助她演绎生涯的人。
非谓语动词总结以及易错点
非谓语动词总结以及易错点一、选择题1．—There are so many kinds of Mp5 in the shop. We can’t decide _________.— What about this pink one?A．what to buy B．to buy what C．which to buy D．to buy which 2．—Why do you speak in _________ a loud voice?—Because I want to make myself ________ clearly.A．such; hear B．so; heard C．such; heard D．so; hear3．The way we thought of ________ the environment proved to be very useful.A．to protect B．protecting C．protected D．protects4．In order ________ for the competition, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A．not to be late B．not being late C．to be late D．being late 5．There are no ways she can come up ________ herself out.A．with to help B．to help C．with helping D．to helping 6．—My iPad has gone wrong. I’ll have it_______.—Why don’t you have Uncle Wang_______it? Nobody can if he can’t.A．repair; repaired B．repair; repairing C．repairing; repaired D．repaired; repair 7．—Why do the students need to read every day?—________information for writing.A．To collect B．Collecting C．Collect D．Collected 8．—You’d better advise him ________ anything out of the window while driving.— OK, I will.A．not throw B．no throwing C．don’t throw D．not to throw 9．My mother always teaches me how ________ water in my daily life. That really helps me develop a good habit of using water.A．to save B．saving C．saves D．saved 10．Sallie rolls up her new trousers carefully _____ them from dust.A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．to protecting 11．Life is about waiting for the right moment ________, because everyone is in his own TIME ZONE.A．acting B．to act C．act D．acts12．More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ people’s attention over food safety.A．to raise B．raising C．to rise D．rising13．In recent years, many children are made ________ what they don’t show________ A．do; interested in B．to do; interest C．do; interested D．to do; interest in 14．________ the morning of May 15th, Zhurong rover (登陆车) landed on Mars. This means China has become the second country ________ a rover on Mars successfully.A．In; landing B．In; to land C．On; landing D．On; to land 15．energy，turn off the lights when you leave the room.A．Saving B．Save C．To save D．Saved 16．Sally practices _________ the guitar very hard for the coming contest next month. A．play B．plays C．playing D．to play17．一I'm considering how to my new job. Any suggestions?一It's only half an hour's walk, I advise you .A．to go; not to drive B．going; to driveC．to go; not driving D．going; not driving18．Helen was made the task in two days.A．finish B．to finishing C．finished D．to finish 19．When his name was called, I saw him ________ from his seat.A．rose B．rising C．to rise D．rise20．What ______ great fun we had ______ the film Jungle Book.A．a; to watch B．/; watching C．a ; watch D．/; to watching21．— Listen! Can you hear something?— Yeah, it could be some children outside.A．were playing B．playingC．to play D．play22．—There is something wrong with your bike,isn’t there?—Yes. I’ll have it tomorrow.A．repair B．repairingC．repaired D．to repair23．________ as a main dish, this soup is full of meat, vegetables and noodles.A．Serve B．To serve C．Served D．Serving 24．—My eyesight is getting worse these days. I'd like to have my eyes________. —Perhaps you should consider ________the time on the computer.A．checked; reducing B．to check; reducingC．checked; to reduce D．checking; to reduce25．The music ________by Tan Dun sounds________．A．was written； amazing B．written； amazedC．was written； amazed D．written； amazing26．Smart phones ________ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world. A．made B．are made C．to make D．making 27．Mr. Smith is much surprised to find the watch he has had ________ is nowhere to be seen. A．to repair it B．it repaired C．repaired D．to be repaired 28．It took us one week ________ this article ________ by Mo Yan.A．read, written B．to read, written C．reading, to write D．to read, to write 29．Alice couldn’t make herself ________ attention to because her classmat es made so much noise.A．pay B．paid C．paying30．It’s my honor _____ to give a talk here.A．to invite B．to be invited C．inviting D．invite31．My uncle regretted his house in Shanghai last year, because the house price keeps rising. A．sell B．to sell C．selling D．sold32．While I ____on the street, I found a little boy ______ near the park.A．am walking, crying B．was walking, cry C．was walking, crying D．walked, cry 33．With a lot of students about too much homework, our teachers have tried some ways to solve this problem.A．complain B．complaining C．complained D．to complain34．I saw her flowers in the garden when I passed by.A．to water B．water C．watering D．watered 35．When Tom saw his mother ______ for him on a cold winter night, he couldn’t k eep back his tears.A．wait B．waited C．to wait D．waiting 36．When I got back home I saw a note on the door ____ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”A．say B．says C．to say D．saying37．________ by green trees and lovely animals, the visitors to Cherry Trees Farm were quite relaxed.A．Surrounded B．Surround C．Surrounding D．To surround 38．Mr Hu was prevented ____ the meeting by a bad cold yesterday.A．attended B．attending C．attend D．to attend39．－This computer doesn’t work. －Really? I will have it tomorrow.A．repaired B．repair C．to be repaired D．be repaired 40．The Smiths are considering ________ to England because they ________ the cold weather there.A．not to move; aren't used to B．not moving; didn't use toC．not to move; didn't use to D．not moving; aren't used to41．A lot of museums in China are worth___________. If you have time, you can choose to go. A．visited B．visiting C．to visit D．visit42．—At weekends, my parents often go cycling with me around the Fishmouth Wetland Park.—That's great! But my parents are too busy ________ operations to spare me any time.A．to do B．done C．doing D．do43．All of us should know what attention should be paid to __________ a more beautiful Huai'an. A．building B．to build C．build D．have built44．________ the early flight, we ordered a taxi and got to the airport very early.A．Catching B．To catch C．Catch D．Caught45．I think his advice is of great . It's well worth .A．value, taking B．value, to takeC．valuable, to take D．valuable, taking46．On her way home, Lucy saw a thief ______ in a shop. She stopped ______ 110 at once.A．steal; call B．to steal; callC．stealing; to call D．stealing; calling47．A new high-speed railway ________ Yangzhou ________ Nanjing will be built. A．connected; and B．connects; with C．connected; to D．connecting; to 48．________ of the road ________ broken down． It needs ________．A．Three-fourths; was; repairedB．Three quarters; has; to repairC．Three-fourth; was; to be repairedD．Three quarters; has; repairing49．I like because it makes us know ourselves better and know more about the world. A．reading B．cooking C．swimming D．dancing50．—Do you mind beside you, sir?— . I alone to enjoy the music.A．my sitting; Better not; used to sitB．my to sit; Of course not; am used to sittingC．me sitting; I’m sorry but I do; have been used to sittingD．me to sit; Never mind; was used to sitting51．--Would you mind basketball here? I'm writing a report.--Sorry. We'll go and play it on the playground.A．playing B．not playing C．to play D．not to play52．---You have to work very hard in your job, don’t you?----Yes, but I don’t mind that. I _____ hard.A．used to work B．am used to workC．am used work D．am used to working53．Tina is showing off her new phone. She won't stop ________about it.A．talk B．to talk C．talks D．talking54．I prefer in the peaceful countryside to living in the big city, because that makes me ________.A．lived ; relaxed B．to live ; relaxing C．living ; relaxed D．live ; relax 55．You’d better give up smoking at once.A．start smoking B．start to smoke C．stop smoking D．stop to smoke 56．The girl is often heard ________ in the music room. Her voice sounds beautiful. A．practice singing B．practiced singing C．to practice singing D．to practice sing 57．—It is reported that many sea animals have died because of waste masks.—People must stop ________ waste masks into the sea.A．collecting B．to collect C．littering D．to litter 58．— Baby, would you mind ________ me cook the fish?—Of course not. I can’t wait ________ it!A．help; taste B．helping; taste C．help; to taste D．helping; to taste 59．Your English will be better if you practice _______ English for an hour every day.A．speak B．speaking C．to speak D．to speaking 60．—Do you have any plans for the holiday?—Yes, I’m planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. I’m looking forward to ________ the colourful lakes and amazing waterfalls.A．see B．seeing C．sees D．saw【参考答案】一、选择题1．C解析：C【解析】句意：——商店里有这么多种Mp5，我们决定不了要买哪一个。
【英语】非谓语动词总结以及易错点
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果有很多工作要做，我很乐意一直把它做完。分析句子可知，用不定式做定语表示未发生的动作，放在被修饰词的名词、代词后，此处to do在句中做定语修饰work，主动形式表示被动含义，故选A。
13．________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A．askingB．asked
C．having askedD．to be asked
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when引导的省略句，完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a teacher，这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词有be时，这时从句的主语与be同时省略，故选B。
3．In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man _____ an Olympic gold medal in swimming.
A．winningB．to win
C．having wonD．being won
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查不定式作定语。句意：在2012年，孙杨成为第一个获得奥运会游泳比赛金牌的中国男运动员。当名词前面有序数词修饰或被修饰的词就是序数词的时候，通常要用不定式作定语。如the first to come and the last to leave，本句中Chinese man前面有序数词the first修饰，所以后面要用不定式作定语。故B项正确。
英语非谓语重难点考点总结
英语非谓语重难点考点总结一、非谓语动词的概念非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）三种形式。
非谓语动词在句子中可以充当除了谓语以外的各种成分，如主语、宾语、定语、状语等。
二、非谓语动词的特点1. 非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，不受主语的限制。
2. 非谓语动词可以有自己的宾语、状语等，构成非谓语动词短语。
3. 非谓语动词不能独立作谓语，只能与助动词等一起构成谓语。
三、非谓语动词的用法1. 不定式不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”，有时可以省略to。
不定式可以表示将来、目的、结果等意义，常与名词、形容词、副词等连用，如：want to do、be happy to do等。
2. 动名词动名词的基本形式是“动词+ -ing”，表示正在进行的动作或状态。
动名词可以作主语、宾语等，如：Reading books is my favorite hobby.（主语）I enjoy reading books.（宾语）3. 分词分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种形式。
现在分词的基本形式是“动词+ -ing”，表示正在进行的动作或状态；过去分词的基本形式是“动词+ -ed”，表示已经完成的状态或动作。
分词可以作定语、状语等，如：the exciting match（定语）、the match finished at 8:00（状语）。
四、非谓语动词的难点考点1. 非谓语动词作主语的判断非谓语动词作主语时，主要判断该句子缺什么成分，如果缺主语，就可以考虑使用动名词或不定式。
例如：____（see）is believing. 这句话缺少主语，可以使用动名词或不定式，但根据句意“眼见为实”，应该使用动名词。
2. 非谓语动词作宾语的判断非谓语动词作宾语时，主要判断该动作与句子主语的关系。
如果该动作是句子主语的主动行为，则使用不定式；如果该动作是句子主语的被动行为，则使用动名词。
最全的非谓语动词知识点总结
最全的非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是指动词的非动词形式，分为动词不定式、动名词和现在分词、过去分词。
下面是非谓语动词的最全知识点总结：一、动词不定式（Infinitive）1.动词不定式的形式：- 常规形式：to+动词原形（to do）- 被动形式：to be done- 完成形式：to have done2.动词不定式的用法：- 作主语：To read books is my hobby.- 作宾语：I want to go home.- 作定语：Can you give me something to eat?- 作状语：I study hard to pass the exam.3.动词不定式与一些动词搭配：- 动词make, let, have, help后接动词原形作宾语：She made me clean the room.- 动词比如tell, ask, advise, want, expect后可接动词不定式作宾语补足语：She told me to go there.二、动名词（Gerund）1.动名词的形式：- 动词原形+ing（doing）2.动名词的用法：- 作主语：Swimming is good for health.- 作宾语：I enjoy reading books.- 作表语：His job is teaching English.- 作定语：The running water sounds relaxing.- 作状语：I walked home, singing songs.3.动名词与一些动词搭配：- 动词stop, finish, keep, mind后接动名词作宾语：He finished reading the book.- 动词enjoy, dislike, mind后接动名词作宾语：I enjoy swimming.三、现在分词（Present Participle）1.现在分词的形式：- 原形+ing（doing）2.现在分词的用法：- 作定语：The crying baby needs attention.- 作状语：He left the party, feeling disappointed.3.现在分词与一些动词搭配：- 动词keep, catch, find后接现在分词作宾补：I caught him stealing my money.- 动词see, hear, notice后接现在分词作宾补：I saw him walking in the park.四、过去分词（Past Participle）1.过去分词的形式：- 动词的过去分词形式（done）2.过去分词的用法：- 用于完成时态：I have finished my homework.- 用于被动语态：The book was written by him.3.过去分词与一些动词搭配：- 动词have, has, had, get, be等后接过去分词构成完成时态：He has eaten breakfast.- 动词make, let, have, get后接过去分词构成被动语态：She was made to clean the room.。
高中英语高考语法易错知识点8.非谓语动词（考点梳理+易错点）
非谓语动词知识梳理1.非谓语动词的概念非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外.可以承担句子的其他成分。
2.非谓语的解题方法与思路六判断所填动词是谓语与还是非谓语判断方法：▲检查是否有连接词（引导词）。
如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话.一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词O -■Having been scolded for an hour by his teacher,the boy felt depressed.▲在"with+宾语+宾语补足语•结构中，宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词。
■In part of Asia,you mustn't sit with your feet pointing at another person▲在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear,等使役动词或感官动词后面作宾语补足语时，也可能用非谓语动词。
Having some clothes to wash,I cant join you to watch the movie.*定语态如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，那么答案一般用V-mg形式；如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），那么答案一般用V-ed形式。
*定时态如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式to have done/to have been done/havmg done/having been done；否则我们要用非谓语的一般式to do/to be done/doing/being done。
易错知识点1.动词不定式的误用动词不定式在句中可以作主语，宾语，补语.表语，状语和定语。
非谓语动词考点易错点的总结
非谓语动词考点易错点的总结一、单项选择非谓语动词1．______ the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row.A．To watch B．WatchingC．Watched D．Having watched【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：为了更清楚的看屏幕上的图片，他们移到了前排。
表示目的用不定式，故选A。
2．Children who are over-protected by their parents may become _____.A．hurt B．spoiled C．damaged D．harmed【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词辨析：句意：过分受父母保护的孩子可能会被惯坏。
spoil作为动词有“宠坏，溺爱”的意思，这里用动词的过去分词作形容词。
hurt指对身体或感情上的伤害；damaged指被毁坏或破坏（好像多指物）；harmed指被损害，被伤害，被危害。
选B。
考点：考查动词辨析3．(天津) __________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.A．To work B．WorkedC．To be working D．Having worked【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。
句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。
故选D。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。
4．The lecture, _______at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A．starting B．being startedC．to start D．to be started【答案】A【解析】选A start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系，故排除B、D两项。
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非谓语动词总结以及易错点一、单项选择非谓语动词1．114．––My car is making a really strange noise.––You’d better get it ______ before you drive to Denver.A．looking at B．looked atC．to look at D．being looked at【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：——我的汽车发出奇怪的噪音。
——你最好在开车去丹佛之前让人检查一下。
get+宾语+宾补。
汽车和检查是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，故选B。
2．________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.A．Tasted B．TastingC．To taste D．Being tasted【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：这种药尝起来非常难吃，被这个孩子扔掉了。
主语是medicine，taste与主语是主动关系，而且taste是系动词无被动，因此用现在分词，故选B。
3．A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _____your muscles relaxed for over half an hour. A．to leave B．left C．leaving D．leave【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张，至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时。
分析句子可知，空格处做伴随状语。
且与逻辑主语laugh构成主动关系，所以用现在分词。
故选C。
4．I stopped the car ____ a short break as I was feeling tired.A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken【答案】C【解析】句意：我停下车来休息一会儿，因为我感觉累了。
此处动词不定式表目的，故选C。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词5．They might just have a place ________ on the writing course—why don’t you give it a try? A．leave B．left C．leaving D．to leave【答案】B【解析】此处left过去分词作定语修饰a place，被留下的留给写作课程的地方（机会）。
句意：他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会，你为什么不试一试呢？【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。
6．______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.A．To absorb B．To be absorbedC．Absorbed D．Absorbing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。
短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语，省略be动词，故选C。
【点睛】本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。
在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语之后，再分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。
7．The airport ________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.A．being completed B．to be completedC．completed D．having been completed【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。
此处to be completed表将来、被动。
句意：将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。
【名师点睛】这是考查非谓语动词做定语的用法，句中关键词next year说明动作是将要发生。
而The airport和complete是被动关系，用不定式的被动做定语。
8．When ___________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.A．asking B．askedC．having asked D．to be asked【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。
他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。
这里when引导的省略句，完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a teacher，这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词有be时，这时从句的主语与be同时省略，故选B。
考点：考查省略的用法。
点评：本题难度适中。
为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。
这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略。
它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，需要考生仔细分析句子结构，来确定省略的内容。
这里考生容易误选A。
即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship，______ is more true than any other.A.once gainedB.when to gainC.after gainingD.while gaining解析：A。
考查省略句。
once gained =" once" it is gained。
当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。
9．(湖南) There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland,___________ at the night sky.A．to stare B．staringC．stared D．having stared【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词用法。
句中的动词stare的逻辑主语是隐含主语I，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。
句意：没有比背躺在草地中间，盯着夜空更快乐的事情了。
故B正确。
考点：考查非谓语动词用法10．Today there are more airplanes____ more people than ever before in the skies.A．carry B．carryingC．carried D．to be carrying【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查现在分词作定语。
句意：现在比以前有有更多的飞机运送乘客。
此处airplane和carrying之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。
故选B。
考点：考查现在分词作定语【名师点睛】非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了;2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.从本题来看主句的主语airplanes与动词carry构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.-ing形式作定语。
11．When we saw the road ________ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A．block B．to blockC．blocking D．blocked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：当我们看到路上被雪覆盖时，我们决定在家里度假。
此处用非谓语动词作宾补，动词block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系，构成短语see sb/ sth done。
故选D。
12． volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.A．To study B．StudyingC．Having studied D．Studied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。
句意：在研究火山多年之后，我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨大破坏的潜力感到惊讶。
study与主语是逻辑主谓关系，且强调“研究”发生在主句谓语动作之前，应使用现在分词的完成式。
故C选项正确。
13．We’ve had a good sta rt, but next, more work needs _____to achieve the final success. A．being done B．do C．to be done D．to do【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：我们有一个好的开端，但是下一步需要做更多的工作得到最后的目标。
Need doing或need to be done需要被做…，所以选C。
考点：考查非谓语动词14．Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when ______ to sunlight. A．exposed B．to expose C．exposing D．being exposed【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。
本题考查短语be exposed to暴露与……。
句意：处理这种化学物质时要小心，因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。
故A正确。
考点：考查非谓语动词15．Jack wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee, ______ not very p opular with all itsmembers.A．to be considered B．considering C．having considered D．considered【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：杰克没有被任命为委员会主席，考虑到他的所有成员都不太受欢迎。
句中主语Jack和动词consider是被动关系指被别人考虑，用过去分词作状语，不用不定式或-ing形式，故选D.16．Hearing the news, she rushed out, ________ the book ________ on the table and disappeared into the distance.A．left; lain open B．left; lay openedC．leaving; lie opened D．leaving; lying open【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。