Chapter Quiz 14
罗宾斯管理学课后习题(英文版)--Chapter 5 Quiz
Chapter 5 QuizThis activity contains 40 questions.1.Implementation is merely conveying the decision to those affected. TrueFalse2. __________ is/are necessary to initiate the decision process to eliminate discrepancies; otherwise, the problem can be put off.A. PressureB. CriteriaC. StandardD. WeightE. Alternatives3. A manager chooses among three alternatives for advertising (billboards, radio, and newspapers) based on research indicating success in sales for the three alternatives. This is a decision under:A. conditions of certaintyB. goal orientationC. conditions of uncertaintyD. constant preferencesE. conditions of risk4. A manager has no idea what alternatives are available for new computer support systems and does not know how she can determine this information. This is a decision under:A. constant preferencesB. conditions of uncertaintyC. conditions of certaintyD. conditions of riskE. clear preferences5. A manager who determines that cost, speed, and enlarging capability are relevant to his decision to purchase a new photocopy machine is an example of the _______________ phase of the decision-making process.A. identifying the problemB. identifying decision criteriaC. formulating a problemD. allocating weights to the criteriaE. developing alternatives6. A manager with a degree of tolerance for ambiguity, but who want lots of information and considers many alternatives before deciding, is exhibiting a/an ____ style of decision making.A. analyticB. behaviouralC. problem seekingD. conceptualE. Directive7.A problem is a discrepancy between an existing and desired state of affairs.TrueFalse8. Many organizational situations involve ___________, that are new and unusual.A. satisficing decisionsB. groupthinkC. non-structured problemsD. non-routine decisionsE. non-programmed decisions9. Behavioural style decision makers:A. have a low tolerance for ambiguity, are very rational and efficient in their decision stylesB. want information, tolerate ambiguity, and are careful decision makersC. work well with others, are concerned about the achievement of others, and often use meetings to make decisions while trying to avoid conflictD. take a broad outlook, examine many different alternatives, and focus on the long runE. have a high tolerance for ambiguity and an intuitive way of thinking10. Bill and Bob are brainstorming possible solutions to a staffing problem. They are writing their ideas down without assessing their practicality or ability. Bill and Bob are at what stage in the decision-making process?A. developing alternativesB. setting decision criteriaC. choosing an alternative solutionD. allocating weights to the criteriaE. analyzing alternatives11. Bounded rationality is:A. behaviour that is rational but limited by an individual's ability to process informationB. the withholding by group members of different views in order to appear in agreementC. conveying a decision to those affected and getting their commitment to itD. an explicit statement that tells managers what they ought or ought not to doE. an unconscious process of making decisions12. Decision making is a simple act of choosing among alternatives.TrueFalse13.Decision making is important for only two management functions: planning and leading.TrueFalse14. Decision making is synonymous with managing.TrueFalse15. Decision making is:A. a set of seven stepsB. a comprehensive processC. highly overstated in importance.D. simply choosing among alternativesE. only discussed with reference to individuals16. Decisions that are routine are called:A. standard decisionsB. non-programmed decisionsC. well-structured problemsD. programmed decisionsE. ill-structured problems17. Each alternative in the decision-making process is evaluated by appraising it against the criteria.TrueFalse18.Evaluating the decision may cause managers to return to an earlier step in the decision process.TrueFalse19.Programmed decisions mean that the manager doesn't have to go through an involved decision process.TrueFalse20. Managers must determine what is relevant when making a decision. TrueFalse21. Mary can repair a saw at Quality Production Inc. in two hours while it takes Mike five hours to make repairs. Assuming that both workers are present, the manager will always choose Mary to make repairs to the saws. This is a decision under:A. problem clarityB. conditions of riskC. conditions of certaintyD. conditions of uncertaintyE. no cost constraints22. Most decisions that managers face meet all the tests of rationality. TrueFalse23. Not every decision maker possesses criteria that guide his or her decision.TrueFalse24. One manager's "problem" may be another manager's satisfactory state of affairs.TrueFalse25. One survey in your text revealed that almost __________ of managers emphasized "gut feeling" over cognitive problem solving and decision making.A. one-tenthB. two-thirdsC. halfD. one quarterE. one-third26. People with a low tolerance for ambiguity, but who are logical and efficient have a/an _________ decision-making style:A. analyticB. creativeC. behaviouralD. conceptualE. directive27. Policies, procedures, and rules are developed to help managers deal with:A. bounded rationalityB. non-programmed decisionsC. structured problemsD. satisficingE. groupthink28. Problem identification is a relatively simple and insignificant step in the decision making process.TrueFalse29. Some discrepancies may not be considered problems because there is no pressure to take action to correct the situation.TrueFalse30. The control mechanism in the decision-making process is:A. in the selection of alternativesB. when you evaluate the decision's effectivenessC. at the time of setting criteria weightsD. when you identify the problemE. in the implementation stage of decision making31. The decision-making process is designed for individual decision making rather than group decision making.TrueFalse32. Escalation of commitment describes increasing commitment to a decision in view of evidence it might be _________.A. wrongB. intuitiveC. wiseD. hastyE. correct33. The manager of a retail clothing store just found out that some "name brand" merchandise was brought into the Canada illegally. This is an example of:A. an unstructured problemB. A programmed decisionC. a procedureD. a structured problemE. satisficing34. The question: How many employees should I have report directly to me? is related to the __________ management function.A. motivatingB. organizingC. planningD. leadingE. controlling35. Accepting decisions that are "good enough" isA. analyzingB. acceptingC. evaluatingD. intuitiveE. satisficing36. Allocating weights to criteria is part of the ________ process.A. pay off matrixB. decision makingC. evaluationD. alternative analysisE. regret matrix37. The following are examples of _____________in decision making: overconfidence, selective perception, hindsightA. intuitionB. representationC. heuristicsD. rules of thumbE. biases and error38. When facing a situation of uncertainty, the decision-maker has:A. some certainty, with limited probability estimatesB. little certainty but some probability estimatesC. good certainty, but no probability estimatesD. neither certainty, nor probability estimatesE. A fair amount of certainty, but no probability estimates39. Effective decision makers _____________A. rely on rules of thumbB. are analyticalC. are quick thinkingD. are well likedE. practice the five whys40. Which of the following statements is one of the assumptions of rationality:A. Preferences are constant and inconsistent.B. A single set of well-defined goals is to be achieved.C. Time and cost constraints exist.D. Options are clear.E. The problem is clear and unambiguous.。
quiz14
quiz14I. Choose the one which can fully express the meaning of the words given below:1.…we shall be fortifi ed and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind from histyranny.A. multiply by fortyB. strengthenC. a strongholdD. fortress2.…if Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia will cause the slightestdivergence of aims or slackening of effort in the great democracies who areresolved upon his doom…A. graveB. sepulchralC. terrible fateD. barge3.His invasion of Russia is no more than a prelude to an attempted invasion of theBritish Isles.A. introductory movementB. advanceC. tyrannyD. end4.…and that he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and airport of theUnited States may intervene.A. invadeB. aggressionC. intermezzoD. interfere5.It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty andferocious aggression.A. brutishB. maliciousC. benignD. obedient6.We are resolve d to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime.A. solveB. settleC. revolveD. determine7.He hopes, no doubt, that all this may be accomplish ed before the winter comes…A. accompanyB. achieveC. complimentD. complement8.…without distinction of race, creed, or party.A. distinctB. distinguishedC. differenceD. instinctII. Translate the following sentences into English:1.邱吉尔说：“告诉斯大林，英国只有一个愿望——击败希特勒。
Chapter14 Ethnicity and Race
Chapter14 Ethnicity and RaceMultiple Choice Quiz1. What is the difference between ethnicity and race? CA) Race is a biological reality, while ethnicity is a cultural construction.B) Ethnicity is the politically correct term for race.C) A race is an ethnic group that is assumed to have a biological basis.D) The terms are synonymous.E) An ethnicity is a racial group that is assumed to have a biological basis.2. Which of the following is an ethnic term? BA) NegroidB) HispanicC) CaucasoidD) WhiteE) Mongoloid3. What is status? EA) Status is something you acquire through enculturation.B) Status encompasses those things you wish you had, but don't.C) Status refers to the personal qualities that you inherit from your parents.D) Status encompasses all of the positions that people above you occupy, but not the positions that people below you occupy.E) Status encompasses the various positions that people occupy in society.4. What are the two kinds of status discussed in the textbook? DA) achieved and stuntedB) ascribed and circumscribedC) achieved and circumscribedD) achieved and ascribedE) ascribed and stunted5. Which of the following is an achieved status? AA) fatherB) siblingC) ageD) daughterE) African-American6. Which of the following is an ascribed status? AA) cousinB) athleteC) friendD) college studentE) singer7. Social race differs from biological race because: DA) a biological race is assigned to groups in a culturally arbitrary manner.B) social race refers to meaningful genetic differences between populations.C) social race is a politically correct term for biological race.D) social race is a cultural construction that is based on arbitrary distinctions.E) There is no difference between social and biological race.8. Which of the following statements regarding hypodescent is not true? DA) It automatically places the children of a union or mating between members of different groups in the minority group.B) It is how race is determined in the U.S.C) It divided American society into groups that have been unequal in their access to wealth, power, and prestige.D) It has brought about the formation of fully functional intermediate racial categories.E) Its operation explains why the populations in the U.S. labeled "black" and "Native American" are growing.9. Which of the following statements regarding burakumin is true? CA) They are full citizens of Brazil.B) Their residences are dispersed in and among the residences of non-burakumin.C) They typically perform manual labor to make a living.D) They are physically and genetically different from the rest of the Japanese population.E) Their status as outcasts originated just after World War II.10. Which of the following statements regarding burakumin is not true? AA) They are full citizens of Brazil.B) They live in residentially segregated neighborhoods.C) They typically perform manual labor to make a living.D) They are physically and genetically identical to the rest of the Japanese population.E) Their status as outcasts can be traced back to the Tokugawa Period.11.Due to the lack of hypodescent in Brazil, what is happening to the number of people classified in intermediate racial categories? CA) The number of people classified in intermediate racial categories is declining.B) The number of people classified in intermediate racial categories has stayed the same over the last 100 years.C) The number of people classified in intermediate racial categories is increasing.D) Intermediate racial categories in Brazil have never played an important role.E) The number of people classified in intermediate racial categories is increasing, but not nearly as fast as the number of people classified in intermediate racial categories in the U.S.12. Which of the following groups is considered an "imagined community" today? DA) the FrenchB) the JapaneseC) the BraziliansD) the KurdsE) the Mexicans13. Which of the following statements regarding assimilation is not true? BA) Assimilation best describes the process by which immigrants are integrated into Brazilian society.B) Like Brazil, the U.S. is an assimilationist society.C) Assimilation is best represented by the "melting pot" model.D) Assimilation involves minority groups giving up their old traditions and adopting the patterns and norms of the host country.E) Assimilationist societies generally lack ethnic neighborhoods.14. A plural society: AA) combines ethnic contrasts and economic interdependence of the ethnic groups.B) as many different official religions.C) has many different official languages.D) is a society that has been colonized by more than one colonial power.E) is one in which ethnicities have been replaced by pluralities.15. De facto discrimination refers to: CA) the legally sanctioned policies and practices that harm a group and its members.B) the process of change in which a minority group is incorporated into the dominant culture to the point where it no longer exists as a separate cultural unit.C) practiced but not legally sanctioned discrimination.D) the combining of ethnic contrasts and economic interdependence of the ethnic groups.E) the ideological justification for outsiders to guide native peoples in specific directions.True or False1. The term "Hispanic" refers to a racial group. F2."Ethnicity" and "ethnic group" are just politically correct ways of talking about race. F3. The term nation used to be synonymous with ethnic group. T4. The "melting pot" model best describes the process of assimilation. T5. A refugee is a person who belongs to the dominant culture in a plural society. FEssay Quiz1. What is the situational negotiation of identity?2. What is an imagined community?3. What is assimilation?4. What is a plural society?5. How does a person's social status affect his or her racial classification in Brazil?Frequently Asked QuestionsWhat is the difference between an ethnic group and a race?Ans: An ethnic group of people share certain beliefs, values, habits, customs, and norms as well as a common language, religion, history, geography, and kinship. A race is an ethnic group that is assumed to have a biological basis. In the U.S., most people use these terms interchangeably, which blurs the important distinction: that a race is believed or assumed to have a biological basis, while an ethnicity does not. For example, we do not think that Italians tend to be good cooks because they have a gene for good cooking. However, statements like "white men can't jump" imply that white males lack some gene for jumping. The difference is due to fact that "Italian" is an ethnic group, while "white" is a racial term, and the qualities that characterize whites are assumed to have a biological basis.Is the U.S. a melting pot of cultures like we are taught in elementary school?Ans: The U.S. used to be a melting pot, but today it is more like a salad. The melting pot model best describes an assimilationist society in which minority groups are incorporated into the dominant culture to the point where they no longer exists as separate cultural units. All of the minority groups are blended into the dominant "flavor" of the melting pot, which represents the dominant culture. Is this what we see in the U.S. today? While minority groups in the U.S. have to adopt some of the cultural standards of the U.S., they are encouraged to maintain their own traditional beliefs, values, customs, language, and history. Multicultural societies socialize people into both the dominant national culture and an ethnic culture. As a result, a salad best represents multicultural societies like the U.S. because in a salad, each ingredient remains distinct, although they are all in the same bowl covered with the same dressing. In this model, the different ingredients represent different ethnic groups, while the dominant national culture is represented by the dressing and the bowl containing all of the ingredients.What are the different ways that ethnic diversity can be expressed?Ans: Ethnic diversity is generally either embraced and celebrated, or it is discouraged. Multicultural societies view ethnic diversity as desirable and as something to be encouraged. Assimilationist societies tend to view ethnic diversity as disruptive and as something that needs to be controlled. In certain instances, assimilation is de facto in that it is practiced, but not legally sanctioned. In other instances, assimilation is de jure, legally sanctioned or forced upon the minority groups. Examples of this include cultural colonialism, forcing other ethnic groups to participate in a different culture, and ethnocide, the attempt to destroy certain ethnic practices. The most extreme example of this is genocide, which is the deliberate elimination of a group through mass murder. It is important to understand that while multiculturalism is generally peaceful, it is not perfect. In the U.S., ethnic identities are often the target of prejudice and discrimination and, in certain instances, violence.What is hypodescent? Why is it important?Ans: Hypodescent is the rule that automatically assigns the children of a mixed union or mating between members of different socioeconomic groups to the less privileged group. This is important to understand because it is how race is determined in the U.S. Because of hypodescent, race in the U.S. is fixed at birth and does not change. Also, because of the way that hypodescent operates, the number of people classified as "black" or "Native American" is growing faster than the number of people classified as "white," because in order to be classified as "white," both of your parents have to be white. It is important to understand that this is not the only way in which race is assigned. Different cultures determine race in different manners.Why is it important to understand that social race is a cultural construction?Ans: Since human racial classifications have no basis in biology, they must be cultural constructions. By definition, cultural constructions are arbitrary in that they are created and maintained by each culture. As a result, cultural constructions are not fixed forever; rather they are dynamic and change over time and through space. For instance, are the notions of race found in the U.S. today the same as those that were in use 50 years ago? 100 years ago? 200 years ago? Are the notions of race found in urban parts of the U.S. today identical to the notions of race found in more rural parts of the U.S.? These differences exist because race is a cultural construct. The importance lies in the fact that as a cultural construction, race changes and can be changed. People actively use race and people can actively change how race is perceived. What role did Martin Luther King, Jr. play in changing American attitudes about race? What role did Jesse Owens and Jackie Robinson play in changing American attitudes about race?。
山东省泰安市英语初二上学期2024年试卷与参考答案
2024年山东省泰安市英语初二上学期试卷与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1.Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer.Question: What day is it today?A)MondayB)WednesdayC)FridayAnswer: C) FridayExplanation: The dialogue may go something like this: “Student A: ‘Hey, do you have any plans for this weekend?’ Student B: ‘No, I’m just going to relax since it’s Friday.’ This suggests that the day being referred to is Friday.”2.Listen to the short passage and answer the question.Passage: “This morning, I woke up early to prepare for my science class. We’re going to have a lab experiment on plant cells. I’m excited to see the different structures under the microscope.”Question: What subject is the speaker talking about?A)HistoryB)ScienceC)MathematicsAnswer: B) ScienceExplanation: The passage clearly mentions that the speaker is preparing for a science class and a lab experiment on plant cells, indicating that the subject being discussed is Science.3.Listen to the conversation and complete the sentence.Conversation: “Teacher: ‘Class, remember to bring your textbooks tomorrow for our chapter review.’ Student: ‘Sure, Mrs.Smith. By the way, is there going to be a quiz?’ Teacher: ‘Yes, there will be a short quiz covering the last two chapters.’”Sentence:“We need to bring ou r textbooks to class tomorrow fora__________covering the last two chapters.”A)projectB)presentationC)quizAnswer: C) quizExplanation: The conversation directly states that there will be a short quiz covering the last two chapters, which is the missing information needed to complete the sentence.4、 Listen to the recording and choose the best answer to the question. Question: What time does the school library open on weekdays?A. 8:00 a.m.B. 9:00 a.m.C. 10:00 a.m.Answer: AExplanation: The recording states, “The school library opens at 8:00 a.m. every weekday for students to borrow and return books.” This matches option A, confirming that the library opens at 8:00 a.m.5、 Listen to the conversation and fill in the missing word. Conversation:Student: Excuse me, could you tell me where the science lab is? Teacher: Sure, it’s on the_______floor.Missing Word:ThirdExplanation: The teacher responds by saying, “it’s on the third floor,” indicating that the science lab is located on the third floor of the building.6、 Listen to the passage and answer the question.Passage: The school sports day is scheduled for next Friday. All students are encouraged to participate in the various events, such as the 100-meter race, long jump, and relay races. Students should report to the sports field by 8:30 a.m. sharp. Prizes will be awarded to the winners in each category. Question: What is the main event of the school sports day?Answer: There is no single main event mentioned. The school sports day features various events like the 100-meter race, long jump, and relay races. Explanation: The passage lists several sports events that will take place during the school sports day, but it does not specify a single main event.It encourages participation in all the events listed.7、Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer to the question. Question: What time does the train leave for Beijing?A. 8:00 amB. 9:00 amC. 10:00 amAnswer: BExplanation: The conversation states that the train for Beijing departs at 9:00 am. Listen carefully for the specific time mentioned.8、Listen to the short passage and fill in the missing word.The school library is open from 8:00 am to 5:00 pm on weekdays. It is closed on _________.A. SundaysB. MondaysC. SaturdaysAnswer: AExplanation: The passage mentions that the library is closed on Sundays, so the missing word is “Sundays”. Pay attention to the days of the week mentioned.9、Listen to the dialogue and decide if the statement is True (T) or False (F). Statement: The student plans to borrow three books from the library.A. TB. FAnswer: BExplanation: If the dialogue does not explicitly state that the student plans to borrow three books, the statement should be considered False. Listen carefully for any mention of the number of books the student intends to borrow. If no such detail is given, the answer is B.10、 Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer.A. Yes, I do.B. No, I don’t.C. I don’t know.Answer: A.Explanation: The dialogue likely contains a question asking if the listener does a certain activity, and the answer given is a positive response, “Yes,I do.” Hence, option A is the correct choice.11、 Listen to the passage and fill in the blank with the missing word. The weather in Taian is usually_____in winter.Answer: coldExplanation: The passage mentions the weather in Taian during winter, and the context suggests a typical cold weather condition. Thus, the missingword that completes the sentence is “cold.”12、 Listen to the conversation and decide if the statement is true or false. The school trip will be held on the 15th of October.Answer: TrueExplanation: The conversation discusses the date of the school trip, and if the statement “The school trip will be held on the 15th of October” is directly stated or can be inferred from the conversation, then the answer is True.13、Question: Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer.The man is asking for directions to the nearest _______.A. museumB. libraryC. post officeAnswer: CExplanation: In the dialogue, the man specifically asks for the location of the nearest post office. The answer is clearly stated by the speaker.14、Question: Listen to the passage and answer the question.What time does the train to Beijing leave?A. At 8:30 amB. At 9:00 amC. At 9:30 amAnswer: AExplanation: The passage states that the train to Beijing departs at 8:30 in the morning. The listener should pay attention to the time mentioned in the context.15、Question: Listen to the short news and fill in the blank.The school sports meeting will be held on the_____of October.A. 15thB. 16thC. 17thAnswer: AExplanation: The news broadcast mentions that the school sports meeting is scheduled for the 15th of October. The listener should identify the specific date mentioned.16、Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer.A: What’s your favorite subject in junior high school?B: English. It’s interesting and useful.Question: What’s B’s favorite subject?Answer: BExplanation: The conversation clearly states that B’s favorite subject is English. B says, “English. It’s interesting and useful.”17、Listen to the passage and answer the question.Passage: … Students in our school have different hobbies. Some like playing basketball, some enjoy swimming, and others are interested in reading books. I, for one, love playing the guitar. It helps me relax after a busy day. Question: What hobby does the speaker have?Answer: C (Assuming C is “playing the guitar”)Explanation: The passage states that the speaker loves playing the guitar and finds it relaxing after a busy day.18、Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blank.A: Hello, Tom. How’s your Englis h study going?B: It’s going well. I’ve been practicing my__________every day.A: That’s great! What’s your secret?B: Just keep listening and speaking as much as possible.Question: Fill in the blank with the correct word.Answer: listening (or “listening skills”)Explanation: The dialogue suggests that Tom has been improving his English by practicing his listening skills daily. This is evident from B’s response, “I’ve been practicing my listening every day.”19、Listen to the recording and choose the best response to complete the dialogue.Recording:“Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest post office is?”A)Yes, of course. It’s on the left side of the street.B)Sorry, I’m not sure. I’m new here too.C)No, I can’t help you.Answer: AExplanation: The question is asking for directions to the nearest post office. Option A provides a direct and helpful answer, indicating that the post office is located on the left side of the street. Option B says the speaker is also new to the area and can’t provide directions, which isn’t what the questioner is asking for. Option C is simply a refusal to help, which is not appropriate in this context.20、Listen to the conversation between two students and select the missing word that completes the sentence.Conversation:Student A: “Did you finish your math homework last night?”Student B: “Yeah, but I had a lot of trouble with the last problem. It was really ________.”A)simpleB)boringC)challengingAnswer: CExplanation: The conversation implies that Student B had difficulty with the last math problem, suggesting that it was not easy. Option A, “simple,” contradicts this difficulty.Option B, “boring,” while it could describe a task that is uninteresting, does not directly address the level of difficulty mentioned. Option C, “challenging,” accurately describes a task that is difficult but can be overcome with effort, fitting the context of theconversation.二、阅读理解（30分）Title: Exploring the Wonders of Mount TaiMount Tai, located in the city of Tai’an, Shandong Province, is one of China’s most revered mountains. With a rich history spanning thousands of years, it is not only a natural wonder but also a cultural icon. Renowned for its magnificent scenery, ancient temples, and profound culturalheritage, Mount Tai attracts millions of visitors each year.As you ascend the mountain, the scenery changes dramatically, offering breathtaking views at every turn. From lush forests to sheer cliffs, from winding paths to soaring peaks, the landscape is a feast for the eyes. One of the most famous sights is the Sunrise at the Summit, which is considereda must-see for any visitor. Standing on the top of Mount Tai as the firstrays of sunlight pierce the horizon is an experience that stays with you forever.Mount Tai is also home to numerous temples and shrines, each with its own unique history and significance. The most prominent among them is the Temple of Heaven, which dates back centuries and is dedicated to the worship ofHeaven and Earth. Pilgrims from all over the country come here to pray for good fortune and seek spiritual enlightenment.Moreover, Mount Tai has played a vital role in Chinese literature and art. Many poets and writers have been inspired by its beauty and grandeur, penning poems and essays that have become timeless classics. Artists, too, have found inspiration in the mountain’s unique landscape, creating masterpieces that showcase its natural charm.But Mount Tai’s appeal extends beyond its physical beauty and cultural significance. It is also a place where people come to find peace and tranquility amidst the hustle and bustle of modern life. Walking along its trails, breathing in the fresh mountain air, and listening to the sounds of nature can be incredibly therapeutic.Questions:1.What is the main attraction of Mount Tai mentioned in the passage?•A) The lush forests and winding paths.•B) The ancient temples and shrines.•C) The Sunrise at the Summit.•D) The role in Chinese literature and art.Answer: C) The Sunrise at the Summit.Exp lanation: The passage specifically mentions that “One of the most famous sights is the Sunrise at the Summit, which is considered a must-see for any visitor.” This indicates that the Sunrise at the Summit is a key attraction of Mount Tai.2.Where is Mount Tai located?•A) In Beijing.•B) In Shandong Province.•C) In Sichuan Province.•D) In Yunnan Province.Answer: B) In Shandong Province.Explanation: The passage states, “Mount Tai, located in the city of Tai’an, Shandong Province, is one of China’s most revered mountains.” This clearly identifies the location of Mount Tai as Shandong Province.3.What do many visitors come to Mount Tai for?•A) To see the famous poets and writers.•B) To participate in religious rituals.•C) To find peace and tranquility.•D) To climb the tallest peak in China.Answer: C) To find peace and tranquility.Explanation: The passage states, “But Mount Tai’s appeal extends beyond its physical beauty and cultural significance. It is also a place where people come to find peace and tranquility amidst the hustle and bustle of modern life.” This explains that many visitors come to Mount Tai for the purpose of finding peace and tranquility.三、完型填空（15分）III.Cloze TestPassage:This term, as a Grade 8 student in Taian, Shandong Province, I have been enjoying my English classes more than ever. One particular day, our teacher, Ms. Li, 1 us an interesting activity to improve our vocabulary andcomprehension skills. She divided us into groups and gave each group a set of 2 stories with missing words. Our task was to fill in the blanks with the correct words based on the context.At first, I felt a bit 3, as some of the words were quite challenging for me. But with the encouragement from my teammates and Ms. Li’s hints, I gradually gained confidence. We worked together, discussing each sentence carefully and trying to 4 the most suitable words. The atmosphere in the classroom was lively, and everyone seemed to be enjoying the process.After a while, we finally completed all the stories. When Ms. Li announced that our group was one of the top performers, I felt a great sense of 5.Not only had I learned new words, but I also realized the importance of teamwork and perseverance in overcoming difficulties.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words:1.introduced2.incomplete3.nervous4.find5.achievementAnswers and Explanations:1.introduced: The context suggests that Ms. Li “brought in” or“presented” an activity to the class. “Introduced” fits well here as it means to present something new or formal.2.incomplete: The passage mentions that the stories had missing words,implying that they were not fully written or “complete.” “Incomplete”describes something that is lacking in parts or not finished.3.nervous: The sentence describes the author’s initial feeling of anxietydue to the difficulty of the task. “Nervous” captures this feeling of being uneasy or apprehensive.4.find: The group is described as working together to determine the bestwords to fill in the blanks. “Find” is used here to indicate the process of searching for and selecting the appropriate words.5.achievement: Upon completing the task successfully and receivingrecognition, the author feels a sense of accomplishment. “Achievement”refers to the successful completion of a task or goal, often with a feeling of pride or satisfaction.四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、She is a new student in Class 1, Grade 7. She_______to the school for a week.A. has comeB. has beenC. cameD. had been答案：B解析：本题考查时态和语义理解。
Quiz 1
Quiz for Chapter 1TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS1.In order to be considered a manager, an individual must coordinate the work of others.2. Supervisors and foremen may both be considered first-line managers.3. Effectiveness refers to the relationship between inputs and outputs.4. When managers meet organizational goals, they are efficient and effective.5. Determining who reports to whom is part of the controlling function of management. MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS1. Someone who works with and through other people by coordinating their workactivities in order to accomplish organizational goals is ___________.a. a very intelligent individualb. a supervisor of production workc. a managerd. an operations supervisor2. A manager resolving conflict among organizational members is performing whatfunction?a. controllingb. commandingc. directingd. leading3. _____________ distinguishes a managerial position from a nonmanagerial one.a. Manipulating othersb. Concern for the lawc. Increasing efficiencyd. Coordinating and integrating others’ work4. An automobile manufacturer that increased the total number of cars produced at thesame cost, but with many defects, would be _____________.a. efficient and effectiveb. concerned with inputsc. increasing effectivenessd. increasing efficiency5. In successful organizations, ______________.a. low efficiency and high effectiveness go hand in handb. high efficiency and low effectiveness go hand in handc. high efficiency and high effectiveness go hand in handd. high efficiency and high equity go hand in handSCENARIOS AND QUESTIONSAs a production supervisor, Joe decides on Friday afternoon how many units of output his employees will be able to produce and on which days certain products will be run in his department. He also decides which of his employees are going to be responsible for operating which machines within the department next week, as his employees are multi-skilled assemblers. On Monday, he informs his employees whom he has assigned to which machines by handing out assignment sheets and informs the employees that the schedule is going to be difficult due to the increased number of units. He goes on to tell them that he is sure they can fulfill the schedule because they are such good and skilled employees. Each day during the week he checks the amount of output that the employees have completed and the number of units that have been scraped.1. When Joe decides which of his employees are going to be responsible for operating which machines, he is performing which of the management functions?a. controllingb. leadingc. planningd. organizing2. When Joe decides how many units of output his employees will be able to produce and on which days certain products will be run, he is performing which of the management functions?a. controllingb. leadingc. planningd. organizing3. When Joe checks the amount of output that the employees have completed and the number of units that have been scraped, he is performing which of the management functions?a. controllingb. leadingc. planningd. organizing4. When Joe tells the employees that he is sure they can fulfill the schedule because they are such good and skilled employees, he is performing which of the management functions?a. controllingb. leadingc. planningd. organizing5．When Joe performs all of his management functions in a continuous manner, he is performing which of the following?a. scheduling processb. quality control processc. management processd. manufacturing processQuiz for Chapter 2MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS1．In Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith described the breakdown of jobs into narrow and repetitive tasks and called this ______________.a. assembly linesb. lowest common factor of workc. division of labord. greatest common factor of work2. General administrative theorists devoted their efforts to _________________.a. making the overall organization more effectiveb. developing mathematical models to improve managementc. improving the productivity and efficiency of workersd. emphasizing the study of human behavior in organizations3. Which of the following phrases is most associated with scientific management?a. management relationsb. one best wayc. supply and demandd. quality control4. The primary issue that aroused Taylor to create a more scientific approach tomanagement was ______________.a. worker efficiencyb. worker effectivenessc. worker absenteeism and turnoverd. workplace safety5. The quantitative approach involves applications of _______________.a. statisticsb. optimization modelsc. information modelsd. computer simulationse. all of the above6．The Hawthorne studies were initially devised to study ______________.a. productivity levels of groups versus individualsb. the effect of noise on employee productivityc. the effect of illumination levels on employee productivityd. the effect of cooperative versus competitive organizational environments onproductivityQuiz for Chapter 3TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS1. The organizational culture is a system of shared meaning held by members thatdistinguishes the organization from other organizations.2. An increasing body of evidence suggests that strong cultures are associated with highorganizational performance.3. An organization’s founder has little influence on its culture.4. Rituals are repetitive sequences of activities that express and reinforce the key values ofan organization.5. The general environment refers to everything inside the organization.6. Because certainty is a threat to an organization’s effectiveness, managers try to minimize it.MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS1. An organization’s culture is ______________.a. represented in organizational meetings by the top manager of the organizationb. represented by a common perception held by the organization’s membersc. represented by a common perception held by interest groups that watch theorganizationd. changed when the organization is purchased by new owners2. Managers operate within the constraints imposed by __________________.a. the organization’s culture and environme ntb. the employees of the organizationc. government at the federal and state leveld. the organization’s board of directors3. Strong cultures _____________.a. are found in organizations with strong leadersb. have a minimal influence on the employee when she or he is making decisionsc. can be found in all organizations that existd. have a greater influence on employees than do weak cultures4. When employees at Microsoft use words such as: work judo, eating your owndog food, and flat food, they are using organizational __________.a. languagesb. ritualsc. symbolsd. ceremonies5. The original source of an organization’s culture usually ________________.a. is shared among the first workers hired into the organizationb. is formulated by the board of directors when the organization is formedc. identifies what the organization is successful doingd. reflects the vision or mission of the organization’s founder6. Which of the following is not mentioned in the textbook as a dimension of organizationalculture?a. attention to detailb. people orientationc. compensationd. aggressiveness7. All of the following are mentioned in the textbook as examples of material symbolsexcept ____________.a. dress attireb. size of officesc. employee stock optionsd. reserved parking spaces for certain employees8. The original source of an organization’s culture usually ________________.a. is shared among the first workers hired into the organizationb. is formulated by the board of directors when the organization is formedc. identifies what the organization is successful doingd. reflects the vision or mission of the organization’s founder9. The link between organizational values and managerial behavior is _____________.a. uncertainb. fairly straightforwardc. loose and difficult to seed. unimportant10. An organization’s specific environment ________________.a. is unique and changes with conditionsb. is the same regardless of the organization’s agec. is determined by the top level of managementd. is quantified to determine its existence11. When you think of an organization’s suppliers, you ________________.a. know that they are the main customers of the organizationb. typically think of governments that pass the laws the organization must followc. know that they are located close to the buying organizationd. typically think in terms of organizations that provide materials and equipment12. For a company such as Disney World in Florida, a bank would be an example of whatkind of factor in their specific environment?a. competitorb. supplierc. special-interest groupd. government agency13. As a manager, if you were working in an industry that was dependent onInternet connections and the many new customers vying for the same space, this would be an example of what kind of environment?a. generalb. staticc. stabled. dynamic14. An organization that has many competitors and suppliers would likely be said to have a highly ____________ environment.a. complexb. dynamicc. stabled. large15. Political conditions, which include attitudes that officials hold toward specific industries, fall within an organization’s _____________ environment.a. globalb. internalc. competitived. general。
大学微经-quiz 14 (with answer)
20XX年复习资料大学复习资料专业：班级：科目老师：日期：Chapter 20XXXX Firms in Competitive Markets1. One of the defining characteristics of a perfectly competitive market is ( c )a. a small number of sellers.b. a large number of buyers and a small number of sellers.c. a standardized product.d.significant advertising by firms to promote their products.2. Which of the following firms is the closest to being a perfectly competitive firm? ( a )a. A hot dog vendor in New York. c. Ford MotorCompany.b.Microsoft Corporation. d. Thecampus bookstore.3. Joe sells 20XX0 cups of coffee each day in a perfectly competitive market at the market price of $1.00 per cup. If Joe independently decreased its price per cup to $0.75, ( b )a.its sales would rise to 250 cups.b.its revenues would decrease.c.its revenues would remain constant at $20XX0.d.the market price would fall to $0.75 as other sellers matchJava Joe’s price.4. If the market elasticity of demand for potatoes is 0.3, then the individual farmer’s elasticity of demand ( d )a.is also 0.3.b.depends on how large a crop she produces.c.will range between 0.3 and 1.0.d.will be infinite.5. Free entry means that ( b )a.there are no costs of entering into an industry.b.no legal barriers prevent a firm from entering an industry.c. a firm’s marginal cost is zero.d. a firm has no fixed costs in the short run.6. This table describes the relationship between output, marginal revenue, and marginal cost. If the firm is currently producing 20XXXX units, what would you advise them to do? ( d )a.Decrease quantity to 20XXXX. c.Remain at 20XXXX units.b.Increase quantity to 20XXXX. d.Increase quantity to 20XXXX units.QUANTITY MARGINAL COST MARGINAL REVENUE20XXXX $5.00 $9.0020XXXX $6.00 $9.0020XXXX $7.00 $9.0020XXXX $8.00 $9.0020XXXX $9.00 $9.0020XXXX $20XXXX.00 $9.007. Southern Airline flies between Dalian and Beijing. The company leases planes on a year-long contract at a cost that averages $600 per flight. Other costs (fuel, flight attendants, etc.) amount to $550 per flight. Currently, Southern Airline’s revenues are $1,000 per flight. All prices and costs are expected to continue at their present levels. If it wants to maximize profit, Southern Airline should ( c )a.shut down immediately.b.continue the flight.c.continue flying until the lease expires and then exit.d.shut down now but renew the lease if conditions improve.8. Raiman’s Shoe Repair also produces custom-made shoes. When Mr. Raiman produces 20XXXX pairs a week, the MC of the twelfth pair is $84, and the MR of that unit is $70. What would you advise Mr. Raiman to do? ( d )a.Shut down.b.Produce more custom-made shoes.c.Decrease the price.d.Produce fewer custom-made shoes.9. Carla’s Candy Store is maximizing profits by producing 1,000pounds of candy per day. If Carla’s fixed costs unexpectedlyincrease and the market price remains constant, then theprofit-maximizing level of output ( b )a.is less than 1,000 pounds. c. is morethan 1,000 pounds.b.is still 1,000 pounds. d.becomes zero.10. The firm will make the most profits if it produces that quantityof output for which ( d )a.marginal cost equals average cost.b.profit per unit is greatest.c.marginal revenue equals total revenue.d.marginal revenue equals marginal cost.11. This table shows the total revenue and total cost data for aperfectly competitive firm. The profit earned at the profitmaximizing output level is ( d )a.$80b. $20XXXXc. $0d. $20XXXXOUTPUT TOTAL REVENUE TOTAL COST1 $ 20XX$ 402 40603 60704 80805 20XXXX0856 20XXXX020XXXX512. Joe’s Garage operates in a perfectly competitive market. At the point where marginal cost equals marginal revenue, ATC = $20XX, AVC = $20XXXX, and the price per unit is $20XXXX. In this situation, ( b )a.Joe’s Garage will break even.b.Joe’s Garage will shut down immediate ly.c.Joe’s will lose money in the short run, but stay in business.d.the market price will fall in the short run.20XXXX. The textile industry is a competitive industry composed of a large number of small firms. In recent years, these firms have suffered economic losses and many sellers have left the industry. Economic theory suggests that these conditions will ( c )a.shift the demand curve outward so that price will rise to thelevel of production cost.b.cause the remaining firms to collude so that they can producemore efficiently.c.cause the market supply to decline and the price of textilesto rise.d.cause firms in the textile industry to suffer long-runeconomic losses.14. If there is an increase in market demand in a perfectly competitive market, then in the short run ( d )a.there will be no change in the demand curves faced byindividual firms in the market.b.the demand curve for firms will shift downward.c.the demand curve for firms will become more elastic.d.profits will rise.15. A sunk cost is one that ( b )a.changes as the level of output changes in the short run.b.was paid in the past and will not change regardless of thepresent decision.c.should determine the rational course of action in the future.d.has the most impact on profit making decisions.16. A corporation has been steadily losing money on one of its product lines. The factory used to produce that brand cost $20XX million to build 20XXXX years ago. The firm now is considering an offer to buy that factory for $20XXXX million. Which of the following statements about the decision to sell or not is correct? ( b )a.The firm should turn down the purchase offer because thefactory cost more than $20XXXX million to build.b.The $20XX million spent on the factory is a sunk cost thatshould not affect the decision.c.The $20XX million spent on the factory is an implicit costwhich should be included in the decision.d.The firm should sell the factory only if it can reduce itscosts elsewhere by $5 million.20XXXX. When market conditions in a competitive industry are such that firms cannot cover their production costs, then ( c )a.the firms will suffer long-run economic losses.b.the firms will suffer short-run economic losses that will beexactly offset by long run economic profits.c.some firms will go out of business, causing prices to riseuntil the remaining firms can cover their production costs.d.all firms will go out of business, since consumers will notpay prices that enable firms to cover their production costs. 20XXXX. The short-run market supply curve in a perfectly competitive industry ( a )a.shows the total quantity supplied by all firms at eachpossible price.b.is perfectly inelastic at the market price.c.is perfectly elastic at the market price.d.is usually downward-sloping.20XXXX. Tommy’s Tires operates in a perfectly competitive market. If tires sell for $50 each and ATC = $40 per tire at the profit maximizing output level, then in the long run ( a )a.more firms will enter the market.b.some firms will exit from the market.c.the equilibrium price per tire will rise.d.average total costs will fall.20XX. If all firms have the same costs of production, then in long-run equilibrium, ( d )a.price exceeds all firms’ average cost.b.price exceeds all firms’ mar ginal cost.c.some firms have positive profits.d.all firms have zero profits and just cover their opportunitycosts.21. A profit maximizing competitive firm should produce at the point where marginal cost is lowest. ( ×)22. A perfect competitor is one who can sell all he wants at theprevailingmarketprice.(√)23. A competitive firm always wants to produce at the point whereaveragecostislowest.(×)24. The fact that some large firms are earning positive profits while smaller firms in the same industry are losing money is not in itself an indication of monopoly power. ( √)25. When its variable costs are less than total revenue, a firm should shut down. ( ×)。
国际经济学第九版英文课后答案第14单元
国际经济学第九版英⽂课后答案第14单元*CHAPTER 14(Core Chapter)FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS AND EXCHANGE RATES OUTLINE14.1 Introduction14.2 Functions of the Foreign Exchange MarketsCase Study 14-1: The U.S. Dollar as the Major Vehicle CurrencyCase Study 14-2: The Birth of a New Currency: The Euro14.3 Foreign Exchange Rates14.3a Equilibrium Foreign Exchange RatesCase Study 14-3: Foreign Exchange Quotations14.3b Arbitrage14.3c The Exchange Rate and the Balance of Payments14.4 Spot and Forward Rates, and Foreign Currency Swaps, Futures and Options14.4a Spot and Forward Rates14.4b Currency Swaps14.4c Foreign Exchange Futures and OptionsCase Study 14-4: Quotations on Foreign Currency Futures and OptionsCase Study 14-5: Size, Currency and Geographical Distribution of the Foreign Exchange Market14.5 Foreign Exchange Risks, Hedging, and Speculation14.5a Foreign Exchange Risks14.5b Hedging14.5c Speculation14.6 Interest Arbitrage and Efficiency of Foreign Exchange Markets14.6a Uncovered Interest Arbitrage14.6b Covered Interest Arbitrage14.6c Covered Interest Arbitrage Parity14.6d Covered Interest Arbitrage Margin14.6e Efficiency of Foreign Exchange MarketsCase Study 14-6: Local Currency and Dollar Stock Returns Around the World 14.7 Eurocurrency Markets 14.7a Description and Size of Eurocurrency Markets14.7b Reasons for the Development and Growth of the Eurocurrency MarketCase Study 14-7: Size and Growth of the Eurocurrency Market14.7c Operation and Effects of Eurocurrency Markets14.7d Eurobond and Euronote MarketsCase Study 14-8: Rising Competition in Global BankingAppendix A14.1 Derivation of Formula for Covered Interest Arbitrage MarginKey TermsForeign exchange market Foreign exchange riskVehicle currency HedgingSeignorage SpeculationEuro Stabilizing speculationExchange rate Destabilizing speculationDepreciation Interest arbitrageAppreciation Uncovered interest arbitrageCross Exchange rate Covered interest arbitrageEffective exchange rate Covered interest arbitrage parity (CIAP)Arbitrage Covered interest arbitrage margin (CIAM)Spot rate Efficiency of foreign exchange marketsForward rate EurocurrencyForward discount Eurocurrency marketForward premium Offshore depositsCurrency swaps EurobondsForeign exchange futures EuronotesForeign exchange optionsLecture Guide:1. This is one of the most important and challenging of the core chapters, and tocover it adequately requires five classes.2. I would cover the first three sections in the first class, and spend one class on eachof the remaining four sections.3. Students find hedging and speculation difficult. I would explain them slowly andvery carefully. I would also assign and go over the problems in class.4. Section 6 on interest arbitrage and the efficiency of foreign exchange markets isalso difficult but very important and so I would cover it slowly and very carefully. Answers to Problems:1. a. With supply curve of pounds S￡, the equilibrium exchange rate is R=$2/￡1 andthe equilibrium quantity is Q=￡40 million (point E in Figure 1 on the next page)under a flexible exchange rate system. On the other hand with supply curve ofpounds S’￡, the equilibrium exchange rate would be R=$3/￡1 and the equilibrium quantity would be Q=￡20 million (point B in Figure 1).b. If the United States wanted to maintain the exchange rate fixed at R=3 in Figure 1with supply curve S￡, the U.S. central bank would gain ￡40 million in reservesper day.2. a. See Figure 2 on the next page.b. With supply curve of pounds S*￡, the equilibrium exchange rate would beR=$1/￡1 and Q=￡70 million under a flexible exchange rate system (see Figure 2).c. If the United States wanted to maintain a fixed exchange rate of R=1 in Figure 2with S*￡, the U.S. central bank would lose ￡50 million of reserves per day.3. Use $2 to purchase ￡1 in New York, use the ￡1 to purchase 410 yens in London,and use the 410 yens to purchase $2.05 in Tokyo, thus earning $0.05 in profit for each pound so transferred.4. a. The forces at work that will make the cross exchange rates consistent in currencyarbitrage in the previous problem are as follows. The selling of pounds for yens in London will reduce the yen price of the pound in London until it is 400 yens to 1.b. The consistent cross rates in Problem 3 are: $2=￡1=400 yens.5. a. The pound is at a three-month forward premium of 1c or 0.5% (or 2%/year) withrespect to the dollar.b. The pound is at a three-month forward discount of 4c or 2% (or 8%/year) withrespect to the dollar.6. a. The euro is at three-month forward premium of 1% (or 4%/year) with respect tothe Swiss franc.b. The dollar is at three-month forward discount of 5% (or 20%/year) with respect tothe yen.7. The importer would have to purchase forward ￡10,000 pounds for delivery inthree months at today's FR=$1.96/￡1.After three months (and regardless of what the spot rate is at that time), theimporter would pay $19,600 and obtain the ￡10,000 he needs to make thepayment.8. The exporter would have to sell forward ￡10,000 pounds for delivery in threemonths at today's FR=$1.96/￡1.After three months, the exporter will deliver the ￡10,000 and receive $19,600. 9. The speculator can speculate in the forward exchange market by purchasingpounds forward for delivery in three months at FR=$2/￡1.If the speculator is correct, he will earn 5c per pound purchased.10. The speculator can speculate in the forward exchange market by selling poundsforward.If the speculator is right, he will earn 5c per pound transferred.If, on the other hand, SR=$2.05/￡1, the speculator will lose 5c per pound.11. The interest arbitrageur will earn 2% per year from the purchase of foreign three-month treasury bills if he covers the foreign exchange risk.12. a. If the foreign currency was instead at a forward premium of 1 percent per year, the interest arbitrageur would earn 5% per year.b. If the foreign currency was at a forward discount of 6 percent per year, it wouldpay for investors to transfer funds from the higher- to the lower-interest centerand lose 4% interest but gain 6% from the foreign exchange transaction, for a net gain of 2% per year.13. a. A t point B, the loss of 1% per year from the forward premium on the foreignexchange transaction on the part of the foreign investor is more than made up bythe 2% per year gain from the higher interest rate in our nation.At point B', the 1% interest loss per year on arbitrage inflow into our nation is less than the 2% per year gain on the forward discount on currency transactio n.b.As arbitrage inflow continues from point B, the positive interest differential infavor of our nation declines and the forward premium on the foreign currencyincreases.From B', the interest differential in favor of the foreign country increases and the forward discount on the foreign currency decreases.14. a. A t CIAP, there is no further possibility from increasing returns over and abovethose that investors can achieve in their own country, but this does not mean thatreturns in the two countries are equalized.As proof of this, we can see that in the example given at the end of Section 14.6d, annualized returns remain at 8 percent in London for British investors and are increased from 6 percent to 6.852 for American investors without considering transaction costs and 6.602 percent if we consider transaction costs of 1/4 of 1percent investing in London. Thus, returns become less unequal as a result ofCIA, but are not equalized!App.1a. a. The U.S. investor will get back ($200,000)(1.015)=$203,000.b. The U.S. investor will get back $203,000+($200,000)(0.00213)=$203,000+$426=$203,426.c. The U.S. investor will get back $205,000+($200,000)(0.0025)=$203,000+$500=$203,500, an overestimation of $74.Multiple-choice Questions:1. Which is not a function of the foreign exchange market?a. to transfer funds from one nation to anotherb. to finance trade*c. to diversify risksd. to provide the facilities for hedging2. An increase in the pound price of the dollar represents:*a. an appreciation of the dollarb. a depreciation of the dollarc. an appreciation of the poundd. a devaluation of the dollar3. A change from $1=€1 to $2=€1 represents*a. depreciation of the dollarb. an appreciation of the dollarc. a depreciation of the poundd. none of the above4. A shortage of pounds under a flexible exchange rate system results in:a. a depreciation of the pound*b. a depreciation of the dollarc. an appreciation of the dollard. no change in the exchange rate5. An effective exchange rate is a:a. spot rateb. forward ratec. flexible exchange rates*d. weighted average of the exchange rates between the domestic currency and the nation's most important trade partners6. The exchange rate is kept within narrow limits in different monetary centers by:a. hedging*b. exchange arbitragec. interest arbitraged. speculation7. If SR=$1/€1 and the three-month FR=$0.99/€1:*a. the euro is at a three-month forward discount of 1%b. the euro is at a forward discount of 1% per yearc. the euro is at a three-month forward premium of 1%d. the dollar is at a three-month forward discount of 1%8. Hedging refers to:a. the acceptance of a foreign exchange risk*b. the covering of a foreign exchange riskc. foreign exchange speculationd. foreign exchange arbitrage9. A U.S. importer scheduled to make a payment of €100,000 in three months can hedge his foreign exchange risk by:a. purchasing $100,000 in the forward market for delivery in three monthsb. selling €100,000 in the spot market for delivery in three months*c. purchasing €100,000 in the forward ma rket for delivery in three monthsd. selling €100,000 in the spot market for delivery in three months10. If the three-month FR=$1/€1 and a speculator anticipates that SR=$1.02/€1 in three months, he can earn a profit by:a. selling euros forward*b. purchasing euros forwardc. selling dollars forwardd. purchasing dollars forward11. Destabilizing speculation refers to the:*a. sale of the foreign currency when the exchange rate falls or is lowb. purchase of the foreign currency when the exchange rate falls or is lowc. sale of the foreign currency when the exchange rate rises or is highd. all of the above12. A capital outflow from New York to Frankfurt under covered interest arbitrage can take place if the interest differential in favor of Frankfurt is:a. smaller than the forward discount on the eurob. equal to the forward discount on the euro*c. larger than the forward discount on the eurod. none of the above.13. According to the theory of covered interest arbitrage, if the interest differential in favor of the foreign country exceeds the forward discount on the foreign currency, there will be a:a. capital inflow under covered interest arbitrage*b. capital outflow under covered interest arbitragec. no capital flow under a covered interest arbitraged. any of the above14. When the interest differential in favor of the foreign country is equal to the forward premium on the foreign currency, we:a. are at covered interest arbitrage parity*b. are not at covered interest arbitrage parityc. may or may not be at covered interest arbitrage parityd. we cannot say without additional information15. The currency of the nation with the lower interest rate is usually at a*a. forward premiumb. forward discountc. covered interest arbitrage parityd. any of the above。
quiz 14
I. Choose the one which can fully express the meaning of the words given below:1.…we shall be fortifi ed and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind from histyranny.A. multiply by fortyB. strengthenC. a strongholdD. fortress2.…if Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia will cause the slightestdivergence of aims or slackening of effort in the great democracies who areresolved upon his doom…A. graveB. sepulchralC. terrible fateD. barge3.His invasion of Russia is no more than a prelude to an attempted invasion of theBritish Isles.A. introductory movementB. advanceC. tyrannyD. end4.…and that he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and airport of theUnited States may intervene.A. invadeB. aggressionC. intermezzoD. interfere5.It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty andferocious aggression.A. brutishB. maliciousC. benignD. obedient6.We are resolve d to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime.A. solveB. settleC. revolveD. determine7.He hopes, no doubt, that all this may be accomplish ed before the winter comes…A. accompanyB. achieveC. complimentD. complement8.…without distinction of race, creed, or party.A. distinctB. distinguishedC. differenceD. instinctII. Translate the following sentences into English:1.邱吉尔说：“告诉斯大林，英国只有一个愿望——击败希特勒。
Chapter 1 Quiz
Question In considering how to allocate its scarce resources among its various members, a household considersAnswereach member’s abilitieseach member’s effortseach member’s desiresall of the aboveQuestion When the government prevents prices from adjusting naturally to supply and demand,Answer it equates the amount buyers want to buy with the amount sellers want to sell.it adversely affects the allocation of resources.it improves equality and efficiency.it improves efficiency but reduces equality.Question The term market failure refers toAnswera situation in which the market on its own fails to allocate resources efficiently. an unsuccessful advertising campaign which reduces demand for a product.a situation in which competition among firms becomes ruthless.a firm which is forced out of business because of losses.Question When the government redistributes income from the wealthy to the poor, Answer efficiency is improved, but equality is not.both wealthy people and poor people benefit directly.people work less and produce fewer goods and services.the government collects more revenue in total.Question A rational decisionmakerAnswer ignores marginal changes and focuses instead on “the big picture.”ignores the likely effects of government policies when he or she makes choices. takes an action only if the marginal benefit of that action exceeds the marginalcost of that action.takes an action only if the combined benefits of that action and previous actions exceed the combined costs of that action and previous actions.Question Caroline eats two bananas during a particular day. The marginal benefit she enjoys from eating the second bananaAnswercan be thought of as the total benefit Caroline enjoys by eating two bananas minus the total benefit she would have enjoyed by eating just the first banana.determines Caroline’s marginal cost of the first and second bananas.does not depend on how many bananas Caroline has already eaten.All of the above are correct.Question The invisible hand works to promote general well-being in the economy primarily throughAnswergovernment interventionthe political process.people’s pursuit of self -interest.altruismQuestion One reason we need government, even in a market economy, is thatAnswer there is insufficient market power in the absence of government.property rights are too strong in the absence of government.the invisible hand is not perfect.Both a and b are correct.Question The price of diamonds is high, in part because the majority of the world’s diamonds are controlled by a single firm. This is an example ofAnswera market failure caused by an externalitya market failure caused by market powera market failure caused by equalityThere is no market failure in this caseQuestion In the short run, which of the following rates of growth in the money supply is likely to lead to the lowest level of unemployment in the economy?Answer3 percent per year5 percent per year7 percent per year9 percent per year。
2024年度初中英语中考阅读理解课件
Weigh the evidence presented in the text to determine the truth or falsehood of a statement
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Main ideas
2024/2/2
Identify the topic
03
If there are multiple choices, compare and contrast them
with the information in the text to find the best match
9
Inference and True/False Questions
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7
02
Common question types and problem solving techniques
Chapter
2024/2/2
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Fact detail questions
2024/2/2
Identify key information
01
Look for specific details in the text that directly answers
Reading comprehension passages typically cover a range of topics, including but not limited to school life, daily activities, social issues, and science and technology
reasonable guess based on the information you have and move
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Chapter Quiz 14
1.Conflict must be _____ by the parties to it.
A.controlled
B.understood
C.perceived
D.created
2.The traditional view of conflict argues that conflict _____.
A.cannot be avoided
B.indicates a malfunctioning within the group
C.is good for a group
D.improves productivity
3.The _____ view of conflict argues that some conflict is absolutely necessary for a group to perform effectively.
A.human relations
B.interactionist
C.traditional
D.functional
4._______ conflicts are almost always dysfunctional.
A.Explicit
B.Task
C.Relationship
D.Process
5.During the _____ stage of the conflict process, conditions are present that create opportunities for conflict to arise.
A.potential opposition or incompatibility
B.cognition and personalization
C.vision
D.intentions
6.Assertiveness is _____.
A.the degree to which one party attempts to satisfy his/her own concerns
B.the degree to which one party attempts to satisfy the other party's concerns
C.the degree to which one party attempts to satisfy everyone's concerns
D.the degree to which one party is cooperative
bor-management negotiations over wages exemplifies _____ bargaining.
A.integrative
B.cost-effective
C.distributive
D.third-party
8._____ bargaining builds long-term relationships and facilitates working together in the future.
A.Integrative
B.Cost-effective
C.Distributive
D.Third-party
9.During which phase of the negotiation process do the parties exchange their initial proposals or demands?
A.Preparation and planning
B.Definition of ground rules
C.Clarification and justification
D.Bargaining and problem-solving
10.Which of the following is correct about cultural differences in negotiation?
A.Japanese negotiators communicate directly and use the word "no" often.
B.In negotiations, Brazilians are likely to use physical contact.
C.North America persuade by appealing to emotions.
D.Arabs rely on facts and appeal to logic.
11.Conflict covers the full range from overt and violent acts to subtle forms of disagreement.
True False
12.The interactionist view proposes that all conflicts are good.
True False
13.For process conflict to be productive, it must be kept low.
True False
14.An example of accommodating is supporting someone else's opinion despite your reservations about it.
True False
15.In terms of assertiveness and cooperativeness, the conflict-handling intention that is the opposite of competing is avoiding.
True False
16.If you place your opponent's interest above your own, you are engaging in collaborating.
True False
17.Hewlett-Packard rewards dissenters - those who stay with ideas they believe in even when those ideas are rejected by management.
True False
18.In terms of intra-organizational behavior, integrative bargaining is preferable to distributive bargaining.
True False
19.Your BATNA determines the lowest value acceptable to you for a negotiated agreement.
True False
20.The cultural background of negotiators has no significant effect on negotiations. True False
21.What is the difference between functional and dysfunctional conflict? What factors influence whether conflict is functional or dysfunctional?
22.How can third parties assist in negotiations?。