ab_杨浦区兰生复旦2017年度预初第-学期期末质量调研(附答案)
2017-2018学年上海市杨浦区第一学期初三英语质量调研卷(解析版)
杨浦区2017-2018学年度第一学期期末质量调研初三英语练习卷(满分150分,考试时间:100分钟)考生注意:本卷有7大题,共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号,所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成,做在试卷上不给分Part1 Listening(第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension(听力理解):(共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture根据你听到的内容，,选出相应的的图片(6分)1._____2.______ 3 ._______ 4._______ 5._________ 6.___________B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the questi0 n you hear(根据你听到的对话和问题,选出最恰当的答案):(共8分)7. A) Cold and rainy. B)Cold and windy. C)Warm and sunny. D) Warm and cloudy8. A) By bus B) By taxi C) By bike D) On foot9.A)$60 B)$50 C)$40. D)$3010. A)At home. B)At the library. C)At the station. D) In London11. A) Teacher and student B) Policeman and witnessC) Mother and son. D) Shop assistant and customer12.13. A) Weekend plans B. free time activity C.birthday idea D. feelings and emotions14. A) He felt it a pity to miss the meetingB) He enjoyed the speaker's talkC. He has heard the speaker beforeD. He isn’t a member of the clubC. Listen to the dialogue and tell whether the foll0 wing statements are true or false(判断下列句子是否符合你听到的对话内容,符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示):(共6分)15. charlie’s house was broken into last night and a lot of things were stolen.16. The noise coming from upstairs was made by Charlie’s cat17. Charlie missed a step and fell when he was running downstairs18. A burglar hit Charlie on the head with some books19. Charlie forgot that his sister would come to his house last night20. Charlie went to the hospital and luckily it wasn't very seriousD. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences(听短文,完成下列内容,每空格限填词):(共10分21.96% of British people said that they would complain if they receive_________ in a shop22. If the queue isn't___________enough, the British get angry23.British people are not willing to wait longer than_________to queue24 low-quality products, ________and delivery problems are also common reasons for complaints25.For the few British people who don't complain 31% feel ______.Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and vocabulary(第二部分语音、语法和词汇)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案):(共20分)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案):(共20分)26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?A) method B)enemy C)memory D)recent【答案】D【解析】ABC都发/e/的音，D发/i/的音。
上海兰生复旦小升初数学期末试卷测试卷 (word版,含解析)
上海兰生复旦小升初数学期末试卷测试卷 （word 版，含解析）一、选择题1．钟表上，分针与时针走过的轨迹都是一个圆，这两个圆（ ）。
A ．直径相等B ．周长相等C ．面积相等D ．圆心相同 2．某商品降价 是100，求原价是多少？正确的算式是（ ）A ．100÷B ．100×（1﹣）C ．100÷（1﹣ ）3．一个三角形中，三个内角的度数比是2:3:5，这个三角形是（ ）。
A ．锐角三角形 B ．直角三角形 C ．钝角三角形D ．不能确定 4．把一根木料截成两段，第一段长 米，第二段占全长的，那么这两段木料长度比较的结果是（ ）A ．第一段长B ．第二段长C ．一样长D ．无法确定 5．下图是一个正方体的展开图，和b 面相对的面是（ ）面．A ．aB ．dC ．eD ．f6．下列说法错误的是（ ）。
A ．如果1=a b ，那么a 一定是b 的倒数B ．1千米增加15后，又减少15千米，结果还是1千米 C ．正方体的棱长扩大为原来的3倍，那么表面积扩大为原来的6倍，体积扩大为原来的9倍 7．如图将一个圆柱转化成一个长方体、体积（ ）。
A ．不变B ．增加C ．减少 8．一种电视机提价后，又降价 ，现价( )原价. A ．高于B ．低于C ．等于 9．小明将一个正方形纸对折两次，如图所示：在中央点打孔再将它展开，展开后的图形是（ ）．A ．B ．C ．D ．二、填空题10．地球上海洋的总面积约是三亿六千二百万平方千米，这个数写作（________）平方千米，省略亿位后面的尾数约是（________）亿平方千米。
11．()()():480.75%16===。
12．A ＝2×3×5，B ＝2×5×7，A 和B 的最大公因数是（________），最小公倍数是（________）。
13．如图，把一个圆沿半径分成32等份，拼成一个近似的平行四边形，已知平行四边形的周长是16.56 dm ，那么原来这个圆的面釈是（________）dm 2。
上海市杨浦区2017-2018学年第二学期期末质量抽测高一数学(解析版)
2017-2018学年上海市杨浦区高一（下）期末数学试卷一、选择题（本大题共4小题，共16.0分）1. 设，“”是“”的A. 充分非必要条件B. 必要非充分条件C. 充分必要条件D. 既非充分又非必要条件【答案】A【解析】解：由，得，，则，，；由，得，，则，，或．“”是“”的充分非必要条件．故选：A．由求得，由求得或，再结合充分必要条件的判定方法判断．本题考查三角函数值的求法，考查充分必要条件的判定方法，是基础题．2. 下列函数是奇函数，且值域为实数集R的是A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】解：的定义域为，定义域关于原点不对称，则函数为非奇非偶函数，不满足条件．B.是偶函数，不满足条件．C.是奇函数，且函数的值域是R，满足条件．D.是奇函数，函数的值域是，不满足条件．故选：C．根据函数奇偶性和值域的性质分别进行判断即可．本题主要考查函数奇偶性和值域性质的判断，结合常见函数的进行和值域的性质是解决本题的关键．3. 已知，且，则的值为A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】解：已知，且，，故，，故选：C．利用二倍角公式求得，再根据同角三角函数的基本关系求得，从而求得的值．本题主要考查同角三角函数的基本关系，二倍角公式的应用，属于中档题．4. 函数的图象经由下列变换可以得到函数的图象的是A. 先将图象向左平移，再将图象上每一点的横坐标变为原来的一半B. 先将图象上每一点的横坐标变为原来的一半，再将所得图象向左平移C. 先将图象向左平移，再将图象上每一点的横坐标变为原来的2倍D. 先将图象上每一点的横坐标变为原来的2倍，再将所得图象向左平移【答案】A【解析】解：先将函数的图象向左平移，可得函数的图象，再将图象上每一点的横坐标变为原来的一半，可得函数的图象，故选：A．由题意利用函数的图象变换规律，得出结论．本题主要考查函数的图象变换规律，属于基础题．二、填空题（本大题共10小题，共40.0分）5. 半径为2，圆心角为的扇形的面积为______．【答案】【解析】解：，，．故答案为：．设扇形的圆心角大小为，半径为r，则扇形的面积为，由此得解．本题主要考查了扇形的面积公式的应用，属于基础题．6. 已知是角终边上一点，则______．【答案】【解析】解：是角终边上一点，则，，，，故答案为：．由题意利用任意角的三角函数的定义，求得的值．本题主要考查任意角的三角函数的定义，属于基础题．7. 若，则______．【答案】1【解析】解：，可得，所以．故答案为：1．利用诱导公式以及同角三角函数基本关系式化简求解即可．本题考查诱导公式以及同角三角函数基本关系式的应用，考查计算能力．8. 函数的定义域为______．【答案】【解析】解：根据正切函数的定义知，其定义域为：．故答案为：．根据正切函数的定义，写出定义域即可．本题考查了正切函数的定义与应用问题，是基础题．9. 若的三边长为2，3，4，则的最大角的余弦值为______．【答案】【解析】解：根据大边对大角得到：设，，，所以：．故答案为：．直接利用三角形的三边关系式和余弦定理求出结果．本题考查的知识要点：三角形的三边关系式及余弦定理的应用．10. 函数，的反函数为______．【答案】【解析】解：，，则，，，函数，的反函数为，，故答案为：，根据反函数的定义即可求出．本题考查了反函数的定义，属于基础题11. 设，则______．【答案】【解析】解：，．故答案为：．利用对数的运算性质、换底公式即可得出．本题考查了对数的运算性质、换底公式，考查了计算能力，属于基础题．12. 设，，则______【答案】【解析】解：，，，由，得，，，舍，或．故答案为：．由已知求得，再由二倍角的余弦求解．本题考查三角函数的化简求值，考查同角三角函数基本关系式及倍角公式的应用，是基础题．13. 方程，的解为______【答案】或【解析】解：方程，，或．故答案为：或．利用反三角函数的定义、三角函数的单调性与求值即可得出．本题考查了反三角函数的定义、三角函数的单调性与求值，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于基础题．14. 设，，实数，满足：对于任意，不等式都成立，若的最小值为，则正实数______【答案】【解析】解：由题意，对于任意，不等式都成立，可令是最低点的值，那么时最高点的值，由的最小值为，即，可得，那么：，．故答案为：．由题意，对于任意，不等式都成立，可令是最低点的值，那么时最高点的值，的最小值为，即，可得T，即可求解．本题考查三角函数的图象及性质的应用属于基础题．三、解答题（本大题共5小题，共44.0分）15. 解方程：．【答案】解：，即为，可得，即，解得或，当时，满足，成立；当时，不成立．则原方程的解为．【解析】运用对数的运算性质可得，可得，求得方程的根，检验对数的真数是否大于0，即可得到所求解．本题考查对数方程的解法，注意转化思想和检验，考查方程思想和运算能力，属于基础题．16. 已知，．求的值；化简并求的值．【答案】解：由，得，，解得：或．，；．【解析】化余切为正切，求解关于的方程得答案；利用诱导公式变形，化弦为切求解．本题考查三角函数的化简求值，考查诱导公式及同角三角函数基本关系式的应用，是基础题．17. 已知函数，，其中集合D为函数的定义域．求函数的最小正周期；用五点法作出函数一个周期内的图象．【答案】解：函数函数的最小正周期；由可知【解析】利用二倍角和辅助角公式化简，即可求解最小正周期；列表，作图即可．本题考查了三角函数的图象与性质的应用问题，解题时应根据画三角函数的图象的基本步骤画出图形，是基础题．18. 某小区规划时，计划在周边建造一片扇形绿地，如图所示已知扇形绿地的半径为50米，圆心角从绿地的圆弧边界上不同于A，B的一点P处出发铺设两条道路PO与均为直线段，其中PC平行于绿地的边界记其中当时，求所需铺设的道路长：若规划中，绿地边界的OC段也需铺设道路，且道路的铺设费用均为每米100元，当变化时，求铺路所需费用的最大值精确到1元．【答案】解：在中，，，则，由正弦定理可得，可得，所需铺设的道路长为，在中，可得，，可得，，则铺路所需费用为，当，，取得最大值1，则铺路所需费用的最大值为元．【解析】在中，运用正弦定理即可得到所求道路长；在中，运用正弦定理求得PC，OC，由条件可得铺路所需费用为，运用两角和差正弦公式和正弦函数的值域，可得所求最大值．本题考查解三角形在实际问题中的应用，考查三角函数的恒等变换，以及正弦函数的最值，考查运算能力，属于中档题．19. 设，其中常数，．当时，求不等式的解；若函数的图象关于原点对称，求实数a的值：当时，求在区间上的最大值与最小值的差．【答案】解：，即，可得，即为，解得，即解集为；函数的图象关于原点对称，可得，即，可得舍去，则a的值为3；当时，，即，可得在递减，可得取得最大值；取得最小值，则在区间上的最大值与最小值的差为．【解析】运用对数不等式的解法，可得所求解集；由题意可得，由对数的运算性质，解方程可得a的值；判断在递减，计算可得所求最值的差．本题考查函数的奇偶性和单调性的判断和运用，考查方程思想和解不等式的能力，属于中档题．。
上海市杨浦区2017年第一学期高三英语期末考试卷--含答案名师制作优质教学资料
杨浦区 2017 届高三第一学期模拟质量调研英语试题2016.12II.Grammar andVocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherentand grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the properform of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In two days , it will be Christmas, children all over world (21) ________(look) forward tothis day for weeks. People celebrate Christmas with food, decorations, music and more. Butfor many people , gift-giving is the most exciting part of the holiday.I have fond memories of Christmas shopping with my family as a child. I enjoyed thechallenge of keeping my parents’ gifts a secret. It was hard to buy gifts right.(22)______theirnoses without them seeing. Everyone placed(23)__________(wrap) gifts under the Christmastree until Christmas morning, (24)________we opened them.Picking a great gift require (25)________(know) the person you’ re giving it to. You ne to know the person’ s tastes and find something the person doesn’ t already have. This can quite a big challenge . Often it’ s wise to provide a receipt (26)_______the personneeds to exchange the gift.The best gifts are personal . Many Americans don’ tfeel money constitutes a goodgift(27)_______it doesn’requiret any thought. They prefer something chosen just for theperson. If the gift is a high-quality homemade gift, that’ s even better.Gift-giving reflects the reason(28)______ people celebrate Christmas. Christians inparticular remember the birth of Jesus. When he was born, wise men traveled many miles tovisit him, (29)________(bring) expensive gifts. But the greatest gift wasn’ t from the but from God-----the baby Jesus. God gave this gift because everyone needed it. We neededGod to forgive our bad actions so that we (30)______ live forever with him. So on Christmaswe give presents to imitate God’ s action of giving the perfect gift.Section BDirections: Fill each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedonly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. dominanceB. liftsC. dividedD. assumesE. urgedF. militaryG. suspend H. guidance I. violently J. claimed K. illegallythDonald Trump ___31___ his place as the United States 45 president after crossing the270 electoral vote threshold(门槛 ) on November 9. The 70-year-old Republican will take overfrom Barack Obama, a two-term president to occupy with White House.The rise of Trump , a celebrity businessman with no previous experience in the___32___ or elected office, surprised nearly everyone in politics. Trump’ s victory over will end eight years of Democratic ___33___of the White House. He will govern withCongress fully under Republican control and lead a country deeply ___34__ by his campaignagainst Clinton. Given the numerous Republicans who never backed him , Trump will haveto face divisions within his own party, too.As he claimed victory, Trump ___35___ Americans to “come together as one unitedpeople. ” “ I pledge to every citizen of our land that I will be president for all Americans , saidin his victory speech . Striking a gentle tone, Trump continued that he would teach out to afew of those who had chosen not to support him for ___36___and help so that“ we can work together and unify our great country.”As president, Trump’ sgoverning agenda remains unclear. The president elect haspromised to bring changes to the United States. He said he would build a wall along theU.S-Mexio border to stop immigrants from coming into the country___37___.___38___ immigration from countries with ties to terrorist groups, and bargain with foreign governmentssuch as those of Russia and China. Trump has also promised to prioritize the economicgrowth that creates jobs and ___39___incomes for all Americans.Trump is a wild card, many voters said, but he definitely has a chance to be asuccessful president as long as he recognizes the responsibilities he ___40__and followsthrough on his promises.III.ReadingComprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Security guard, truck driver, salesperson—year after year, these jobs appear on lists of the unhappiest careers. Although many factors can make a job ___41___ --unusual hours, low pay,no chance for advancement— these three jobs ___42___ for another reason: a lack of smalltalk.Psychologists have long said that connecting with others is central to our well-being, butjust how much conversation we require is under ___43___. In one study, researchers overheard undergraduates for four days and then ___44___ each conversations either “ small talk do you have there? Pop corn? Yummy! ” ) or “ serious ” ( “ Did they break up soon after?found that the second type is connected with happiness—the happiest students had roughlytwice as many “ serious ” talks as the unhappiest ones. Smallet a nwhile,lk,m ___45___ onlyten percent of their conversation, versus almost 30 percent of conversation among theunhappiest students.However, don’just consider small talk ___46___ yet. Scientists believe that small talkcould promote bonding. Chatting with strangers could ___47___ our morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists found that those who chatted with other train passengers reported amore pleasant journey than those who didn’ t.Small talk can also help us feel connecter to our ___48___. People who smiled at, madeeye contact with and ___49___ spoke with their Starbucks baristas （咖啡师）reported a greater sense of ___50___ than those who rushed through the transaction（交易）.___51___, when volunteers broke the silence of the art gallery to chat with gallery-goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected to the exhibit than those who were not ___52___.Of course, some of us are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger.In one study, people who were rated “ lesscurious ”by researchers had trouble getting a conversation ___53___ on their own. People who were considered “ curious meanwhile,”needed no help ___54___ conversations about ordinary things like favorite holidays intofriendly exchanges. A “ curiousmindset,”the researchers concluded, can lead to“ positivesocial ___55___.”Therefore, go ahead— small talk needn’ t be idle, and nosiness isn’ t all bad.41.A. rewarding B. depressing C. exhausting D. challenging42.A. stand out B. turn up C. give off D. put forward43.A. negotiation B. construction C. investigation D. examination44.A. divided B. entitled C. imposed D. cataloged45.A. figured out B. made up C. look over D. added to46.A. worthless B. essential C. boring D. ridiculous47.A. occupy B. satisfy C. brighten D. spoil48.A. emotions B. heart C. customers D. surroundings49.A. purposefully B. briefly C. continuously D. generally50.A. responsibility B. security C. belonging D. achievement51.Consequently B. Oppositely C. Unexpectedly D. Similarly52.A. approached B. attached C. addressed D. attended53.A. breaking B. pausing C. rolling D. stopping54.A. evolving B. substituting C. adapting D. transforming55.A. interaction B. standard C. impact D. involvementSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by severalquestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage youhave just read.(A)Dear Alcohol,You’ ve been around forever, I can remember all the pain you’ ve caused me.Do you remember the night you almost took my father’life?s I do. He loves you.Sometimes I think he loves you more than he loves me. He ’ s addicted to you, to the way youpromise to rid him of his problems only to cause more of them. You just sat back and laughedas his car went spinning through the street, crashing into two other cars. He wasn’hurt by you that night.Do you remember the night of my first high school party? You were there. My friendswere intrigued by you. They treated you as if they were never going to see you again,drinking all of you that they could. I spent two hours that night helping my friends who hadfallen completely.“ I’ m so embarrassed,” they said as I held their hair back so that they could vomit.“ I’ m sorry,” they said when I called taxies for them, walking them out and paying the driver in advance.“ This wonhappen’t again,” they s a sidthey were sent to the hospital tohave their stomachs pumped. Two 15-year-old girls slept in hospital beds that night thanksto you.Do you remember the night when you took advantage of my 17-year-old neighbor whohad to drive to pick up his sister from her dance lessons? Do you know how we all felt whenhe hit another car and killed the two people in the other car? He died the next morning too. Hissister walked home from her dance lesson, and passed police cars and a crowd of peoplegathering on the sidewalk just two blocks away from the dance studio. She didn’ t realize h brother was in the midst of it all. She never saw him again. And it’ s all your fault.I wish you’ d walk out of my life forever. I don’ t want anything to do with you. Look at a the pain you’ vecaused. Sure, you’ vemade people happy too from time to time. But thedamage you ’ ve caused in the lives of millions is inexcusable. Stop luring（引诱） in the peopleI love. Stop hurting me, please.Sincerely,Anonymous56. What did alcohol do to the author’ s father?A. It took his life away one night.B. It helped to get rid of his problems.C. It pushed him to hurt others when driving.D. It got him seriously injured in a car accident.57. The underlined wordsA. were familiar withC. were disappointed at “ were intrigued by raph” 3inareparagclosest in meaning to ______.B. were curious aboutD. were fed up with58. Which of the statements is TRUE about the author’ s neighbor or his sister?A. He drove to pickup his drunken sister.B. His sister was to blame for the car accident.C. He crashed into a car from the other direction.D. His sister was too scared to look at the scene of the accident.59. What is the tone of the article?A. Humorous C. indifferentB. Doubtful D. Critical(B)60. The total capacity for the public forum on nee and joint pain is ______ people.A. 5B. 20C. 50D. 10061.Mr Li, a marathon runner, has an irreparable slip disc（椎间盘突出）.Which hospital should he go to if he does not want to undergo any operation?A. Mt Elizabeth HospitalB. Gleneagles HospitalC. Changi General HospitalD. Singapore General Hospital。
上海市杨浦区2017届九年级上学期期末(一模)质量监控英语试题及答案
杨浦区2016~2017学年第一学期期末质量调研初三英语 2017.1(满分150分，考试时间100分钟）（本卷有七大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号。
所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
）Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力）I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你所听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1. _______2. _______3._______4. _______5. _______6._______B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你所听到的对话和问题，选择最恰当的答案）（8分）7.8. A) Shy. B) Pretty. C) Serious. D) Active. 8.A) A teacher. B) A TV host. C) A bank clerk D) A writer. 9.A) 2:00. B) 2:15. C) 2:30. D) 2:45. 10.A) By check. B) By cash. C) By credit card. D) By Apple Pay. 11. A) A TV guide. B) A part-time job.C) A plan for movies D)A choices of courses 12. A) The shoes are too heavy. C) She doesn’t like the shoes.B) Cookies. B) The ground is wet. D) It is raining outside. 13. A) Some Chinese were hit by local people. C) Some tourists were killed in a flash flood. B) An earthquake occurred there last night. D) Some tourists were injured in a car accident.14. A) A good website helped Alina get some customers.B) Alina helps people by donating clothes and furniture. C) Alina borrowed money from the bank to start her business.D) Alina’s business is to give people advice on creating website.C. Listen to the passage and (ell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）15.Barry Haddow travels from Wales to London every day.16. The “Commuter of the Y ear” competition was organized by an early m orning TV program.17. Mr. Haddow won because his commute takes the longest time.18. He travels most of the way by train, and then by taxi.19. He doesn’t like wales, but it’s not as expensive as London.20. He won a rail holiday for himself and his family.D. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks (听短文填空，完成下列句子。
2017届上海杨浦区九年级英语第一学期期末调研试卷及答案
杨浦区2017届九年级第一学期质量调研英语试卷B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear7. A) A reporter. B) A TV host. C) An air hostess. D) A lawyer.8. A) Classical music. B) Jazz. C) Country music. D) Rock.9. A) ￥110. B) ￥100. C) ￥90. D) ￥80.10. A) Anything he liked. B) Jacket and tie.C) Jacket and hat. D) Suit and tie.11. A) In an old house. B) In a little shop. C) On a train. D) On a boat.12. A) He will be waiting for a package. B) He will do some online shopping.C) He will deliver jeans to customers. D) He has ordered some food online.13. A) The man is saving money for a new car. B) The man spends a lot of money on gas.C) The man is driving his parents' car. D) Repairing the car costs the man a lot.14. A) Susan can sell her present house. B) It's necessary for Susan to buy a new house.C) Susan can't afford a new house. D) It's not wise of Susan to buy another house.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false15. The story happened on a windy and rainy day.16. Two children came to the house to sell newspapers.17. The speaker invited them in and served them milk and bread.18. They kept talking to the speaker while she was doing housework.19. The speaker failed to get rid of the dirty marks on the carpet.20. The story tells us that we should be thankful for everything we have.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences21. Over a hundred people died in a plane crash _______ __________ last night.22. A British couple are missing, only _______ __________ after they started climbing Mount Everest.23. There are _______ __________ in many parts of India and 32 people died yesterday.24. A report shows that for every one hour of commuting, 30 minutes _______ __________ on traffic jams in Beijing.25. Joe Hall's _______ __________ won him over 13,000,000 pounds last night.Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and vocabularyII. Choose the best answer .(20’)26.Which of the following words is pronounced as /waild/?A worldB wideC wildD wind27.Mike has only driven to the pub to show _____ his new car – he usually walks.A ofB offC aroundD with28.When _____ is dressed the same, worrying about what you look like isn‟t so important.A someoneB anyoneC no oneD everyone29.We use an online bill-paying service, and we almost everything ____ credit card.A onB byC forD at30.Any way to improve this …welcome letter‟ – I want to make sure it sounds ____.A friendlyB carefullyC gentlyD politely31._____ earthquake recorded in the 20th century occurred in Chile in 1960.A LargeB LargerC LargestD The largest32.I wonder whether buying an electric car ____ a good idea.A beB amC isD are33.I don‟t mind _____back home. I feel like some fresh air.A walkB walkingC to walkD to walking34.The sign says “Passengers ____ show their tickets and passports.”A mustB mayC canD should35.I ____ 30 pages of the book so far, but I hope to finish it by next week.A readB am readingC have readD will read36.It was a terrible journey, ____ we got there safely in the end.A andB orC soD but37.We‟ll have to cancel the school sports meeting ___ it snows tonight.A ifB althoughC unlessD since38.When we ____ home last night, we saw a strange object in the sky.A driveB droveC were drivingD had driven39.The police required the traveler ____ for his luggage.A checkB to checkC checkingD checked40._____ can we help victims after a natural disaster?A WhoB HowC WhereD When41.Please ____ fruits and vegetables in a basin!A washB washingC to washD washed42.Half of the Beijing‟s private cars ____ off the roads due to heavy smog on Friday.A orderB are orderedC orderedD were ordered43.____ amazing the stage play War Horse is!A WhatB What aC What anD How44.–More underground lines should be built in our city!--_____A I‟m glad to hear thatB Not exactlyC I couldn‟t agree moreD I‟m on your side45.–I‟m sorry I‟m late – the traffic was terrible.-____. The traffic situation is getting worse these days.A That‟s OKB You‟re welcomeC I don‟t think soD Please go ahead.III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once.(8’)A sourceB on averageC plasticD fixedE examinedThe US public uses about 50 billion water bottles a year and most of those 46 bottles are not recycled, according to Elizabeth Royte‟s book Bottlemanid: How Water Went on Sale and Why We Bought It.More than $100 billion is spent every year on bottled water in the U.S. in many developing countries where there isn‟t a safe 47 of tap water, bottled water is the only choice.In the US, tap water is controlled by the government and often 48 for dangerous substances(物质). Each American drinks 79 litres of bottled water per year 49 . The bottled water industry is so successful that it has outpaced milk, coffee, and juice in the number of gallons of drinks sold – putting it behind only beer and soda.A no longerB completelyC competeD given upE encourageThough the sale of bottled water is still on the rise. Certain policy makers have taken steps to reduce it and 50 people to drink tap water. In September 2009, the Australian city of Bundanoon became the first city in the world to 51 stop bottled water from being sold in stores, building water fountains instead.Among the cities in America that have taken action are San Francisco and Seattle, which 52 buy water for city use, and Chicago which adds a five-cent tax on each bottle. Several restaurants in those cities have also 53 bottled water for tap water. Other cities are also considering taking action.IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(8’)54.With my saving, I bought _________ a mobile phone for his birthday. (he)55.Our ______ have been polluted by waste from factories. (river)56.The wheelchair gives him the _______ to go out on his own. (free)57.Black shoes go very well with jeans, and are much _________ to keep clean. (easy)58.One soldier was killed and three others were _______ when their tank was hit by a rocket.(wound)59.The modern fashion in education is to let the child _____ everything. (decision)60.Hundreds of houses were ______ damaged in the hurricane. (heavy)61.The growing problem of _______ cats and dogs has caused much trouble in the town. (home) V. Rewrite the following sentences as required. (14’)62.You have to pay to park here. (改为否定句)You ______ _______ to pay to park here63.Henry Ford invented the world‟s first assembly line in 1913. (划线提问)_______ ________ Henry Ford invent the world‟s first assembly line?64.They created a Children‟s Fund to provide money for those who are ill. (保持句意)They _______ ________ a Children‟s Fund to provide money for those who are ill.65.The newspapers will publish the results of the survey. (改为被动语态)The results of the survey will _____ _______ in the newspapers.66.We cannot drink salt water . we cannot take a shower with it, either. (保持句意)We can _____ drink salt water ____ take a shower with it.67.“Have you collected any materials about earthquakes?” asked Ms Ward. (改为宾语从句)Ms Ward asked me _____ I _____ collected any materials about earthquakes.68.a blanket, covered, Tom‟s, with, legs, were (连词成句)____________________________________________.Part Three Reading and WritingVI. Reading comprehensionA. Choose the best answerOnce upon a time if we wanted to make a phone call or wait for someone tocontact us, we had to sit at home or at our desks. There were public phones in the streetof course, but it could be hard to find one that was working and there were often longqueues to use them. And of course you had to bring a lot of coins to pay for the calls.So people didn't phone their friends as often. Mobile phones, these small pieces ofelectronic equipment which allow us to talk with friends and family while we are onthe move, have greatly changed the way we live. Before the age of the mobile phone,our loved ones would sit around worried sick if we were late coming home. There wereno quick calls to tell mum that there would be additional guests coming for dinner. Wewould have to depend on notes left on fridges or desks to communicate messages.But mobile phones have also had a negative effect and what people don't seem to realize is that we'velost something very valuable: our privacy. Now our friends and family can contact us wherever andwhenever they want to. We can never get away from them. The way people communicate with each otheris totally different now. It's difficult to have a conversation face-to-face with a friend without beingdisturbed every couple of minutes by the ring of their phones, ,most people don't see anything wrong inhaving a long conversation on their mobile phone while forgetting all about the person sitting opposite. Itseems the art of real conversation may be dying.Of course, people could leave their mobile phones at home or even switch them off but no one everdoes that. Why not? Because the worrying thing is we can't live without our phones. We've becomecommunication addicts, unable to spend even a few minutes out of contact, in case we miss something 'important'.69. What does the underlined sentence tell us?A) No all-day public phone service was provided in the street.B) Public phones were in poor condition and not always available.C) Public phones were everywhere but they were always in use.D) You could always see people repairing the public phones.70. What's the writer's point about using telephones before the invention of mobile phones?A) Using a telephone was expensive. B) Phone calls were much shorter.C) People made fewer phone calls. D) People relied on notes a lot.71. What does the writer think about life before mobile phones?A) Life was less convenient. B) People were more punctual.C) Things were more relaxed. D) Everyone managed very well.72. What's the writer's main argument against mobile phones?A) They have damaged relationships. B) We give out too much information.C) They are harmful to our body and mind. D) It's impossible to escape from them.73. Which word best describes how the writer feels about the use of mobile phones.'?A) Disappointed. B) Satisfied. C) Worried. D) Surprised.74. What's the writer's main purpose in writing this article?A) To inform people about means of communication in the past.B) To show disadvantages of the way people communicate today.C) To advise readers to stop using the mobile phone.D) To compare different types of phone conversation.B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passageThe International Climate Champions (ICC) project began in 2007. It gives young people of schoolage a chance to speak publicly on climate change and to call on people to take action to reduce its 75 .Each country involved selects three teenagers to be Climate Champions, who take part in local andinternational activities.Climate Champion Irene Sanna lived on the Italian island of Sardinia. Irene is interested in solarenergy, and 76 believes that Sardinia should use the waves around its coast to produce electricity.'We must make our plans to save our coast, which still has no pollution. We must protect the animals, birdsand fish in danger from global warming. And we must recycle.'Chinese student Ding Yinghan is the Beijing Climate Champion. Ding feels it is not 77 tosaythat just one country - his own - is causing climate change. He says the air pollution that leads to globalwarming comes from many parts of the world, including poorer countries that are now growing morequickly. He believes the only way to 78 the situation getting even worse is for rich and poor countriesto work together.Sophia Angelis, a junior student in California, is a US Champion. She's against young people'sgeneration lack of interest in politics and feels they need to discuss the problems that really matter to theirgeneration. Sophia strongly believes that climate change is an important issue for her generation. For her,79 in the way teenagers behave are an important way of influencing choices made by parents.In 2008, the Climate Champion attended the International Conference of Environment Ministers in theJapanese city of Kobe. 80 ,30 countries are involved in the ICC, and more countries are expected tojoin soon.75. A) support B) amount C) costs D) effects76. A) hardly B) also C) never D) only77. A) proud B) common C) fair D) important78. A) protect B) improve C) prevent D) explain79. A) changes B) problems C) characters D) advantages80. A) After all B) At present C) For example D) What's moreC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper wordsSomeone sent me a group e-mail the other day. One of those that end with: send this to 10 friends ... Iliked the story and it really got me thinking.Here's the story from the e-mail:Recently I overheard a father and a daughter in their last moments together at the a 81 . They hadannounced the departure.Standing near the security gate, they hugged and the father said, 'I love you, and I wish you enough.' They kissed and the daughter left. The father walked over to the window where I was seated. I tried toleave him some privacy, but I could not keep m 82 from asking:'When you were saying good-bye, I heard you say, 'I wish you enough.' May I ask what that means?'He began to smile. 'That's a wish that is p 83 on from generation to generation. My parents usedto say it to everyone.'He paused a moment and looked up as if trying to remember it in d 84, and he smiled even more. 'When we said, 'I wish you enough,' we were wanting the other person to have a life filled with justenough good things to carry them on.'T 85 , slowly turning toward me, he shared the following as if he were reciting it from memory.I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude b 86 no matter how gray the day may appear.I wish you enough rain to appreciate the sun even more.I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive and everlasting.I wish you enough pain so that even the s 87 of joys in life may appear bigger.I wish you enough gain to satisfy your wanting.I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you possess.I wish you enough hellos to get you through the final good-bye.D. Read what Claire did and answer the questionsMy stay in the rainforestLast year, I left my job and went to Borneo to work without pay in the rainforest. So many people have said to me, 'I would love to do something like that,' and I say, 'If you want to, just do it.' They always reply, 'l can't.' But, ifyou really want to do it, there are ways to make it happen.After three day's training, I started work on an environmental project with a group of young people. The accommodation was very basic and we had to build our own place to sleep. This consisted of a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net to keep insects (昆虫) out.It was never dangerous there, but it was very challenging (挑战的). There were things that we didn't think we would manage to do, but we did. I had some of my worst moments there, but alsosome of my best - it made me feel alive. I didn't miss my home comforts as much as I'd thought I might. We had food, water, somewhere to stay, about three sets of clothes and really good conversation. We were in the most beautiful place and we had things to keep us busy. We didn't need any more.One of the teenagers said, 'Before we came here, it was really important to me what clothes I wore and who my friends were. I was always thinking about shoes, but really none of that matters. Here, people accept me for who I am, what I believe and think, not for what kind of clothes I've got.' When she said that, it summed it up for me.88. Did Claire get any money from the work in Borneo?89. What did Claire do before she started work on an environmental project?90. How was Claire's 'bedroom' in the rainforest?91. What did the teenager care about before she came to Borneo?92. How did Claire feel about the experience of living in the rainforest?93. What do you think might be the worst moments Claire had during her stay in the rainforest?VII. Writing94. In at least 60 words, write a letter to your headmaster suggesting rules you think should be changed or improved. Support your opinions with facts or examples. (给校长写一封至少60个词的信，向他建议几条需要改变或改进的学校规则，并辅以事实或例子。
ab_杨浦区兰生复旦2017年度预初第一学期期末质量调研(附答案)
杨浦区2017 年度第一学期期末质量调研六年级语文练习卷满分：100 分第一部分：阅读（60 分）一、文言文阅读（共28 分）（一）默写（10 分）1. ，流响出疏桐。
（虞世南《蝉》）2. ，不及林间自在啼。
（欧阳修《画眉鸟》）3. 知儿童挑促织，。
（叶绍翁《夜书所见》）4. ？学之，则难者亦易矣。
（彭端淑《为学》）5. 郑人有欲买履者，。
（《郑人买履》）考点：能记诵规定范围内的文言诗文。
答案：1. 垂緌饮清露2. 始知锁向金笼听3. 夜深篱落一灯明4. 人之为学有难易乎5. 先自度其足（二）阅读下面的诗歌，回答问题。
（6 分）望岳岱宗夫如何？齐鲁青未了。
造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓。
荡胸生曾云，决眦入归鸟。
会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。
6. 本诗作者是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人杜甫，自号“”他的诗风沉郁顿挫，他被后世尊称为“ ”考点：掌握重要的文学和文化常识。
答案：少陵野老诗圣7. 下列表述错误的两项是（）（）（4 分）A. 《望岳》这首诗格调高亢，字里行间洋溢着青年杜甫蓬勃的朝气。
B. “会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。
”这是化用了孔子的名言“登泰山而小天下”，抒发了诗人登上泰山后的感受。
C. 《饮湖上初晴后雨》中“淡妆浓抹”与前两句的西湖晴雨之景相呼应，使“西子”之比更贴切传神。
D. 《观沧海》全诗借景抒情，借大海壮丽的景象写昂扬斗志，尤其是“幸甚至哉，歌以咏志”两句抒发了诗人博大的胸襟。
E. 《卜算子》写送别，一扫愁苦，悲伤之气，以“眉眼”写山水，生动形象，写出了词人对美好春光的憧憬。
考点：能理解和把握诗词的基本内容和作者的感情倾向。
分析：B 中诗人并没有登上泰山，D 中“幸甚至哉，歌以咏志”是古体乐府诗结束时的“套语”与诗的内容无关。
答案：B D（三）阅读下文，回答问题。
（12 分）画蛇添足楚有祠者，赐其舍人巵酒。
舍人相谓曰：“数人饮之不足，一人饮之有馀，请画地为蛇，先成者饮酒。
”一人蛇先成，引酒且饮之，乃左手持巵，右手画蛇曰：“吾能为之足。
七年级上册上海民办兰生复旦中学数学期末试卷综合测试卷(word含答案)
七年级上册上海民办兰生复旦中学数学期末试卷综合测试卷（word含答案）一、初一数学上学期期末试卷解答题压轴题精选（难）1．已知 (本题中的角均大于且小于 )（1）如图1，在内部作，若，求的度数；（2）如图2，在内部作，在内，在内，且，，，求的度数；（3）射线从的位置出发绕点顺时针以每秒的速度旋转，时间为秒( 且 ).射线平分，射线平分，射线平分 .若，则 ________秒.【答案】（1）解：∵∠AOD+∠BOC=∠AOC+∠COD+∠BOD+∠COD=∠AOB+∠COD又∵∠AOD+∠BOC=160°且∠AOB=120°∴（2）解：，设，则，则，（3） s或15s或30s或45s【解析】【解答】(2）解：当OI在直线OA的上方时，有∠MON=∠MOI+∠NOI= （∠AOI+∠BOI））= ∠AOB= ×120°=60°，∠PON= ×60°=30°，∵∠MOI=3∠POI，∴3t=3（30-3t）或3t=3（3t-30），解得t= 或15；当OI在直线AO的下方时，∠MON═（360°-∠AOB）═ ×240°=120°，∵∠MOI=3∠POI，∴180°-3t=3（60°- ）或180°-3t=3（ -60°），解得t=30或45，综上所述，满足条件的t的值为 s或15s或30s或45s【分析】（1）利用角的和差进行计算便可；（2）设，则，，通过角的和差列出方程解答便可；（3）分情况讨论，确定∠MON在不同情况下的定值，再根据角的和差确定t的不同方程进行解答便可.2．如图，点B、C在线段AD上，CD＝2AB＋3．（1）若点C是线段AD的中点，求BC－AB的值；（2）若BC＝AD，求BC－AB的值；（3）若线段AC上有一点P（不与点B重合），AP＋AC＝DP，求BP的长．【答案】（1）解：设AB长为x，BC长为y，则CD=2x+3．若C是AB的中点，则AC=CD，即x+y=2x+3，得：y-x=3，即BC-AB=3（2）解：设AB长为x，BC长为y，若BC= CD，即AB+CD=3BC，∴x+2x+3=3y，∴y=x+1，即y-x=1，∴BC-AB=1（3）解：以A为原点，AD方向为正方向，1为单位长度建立数轴，则A：0，B：x，C：x+y，D：x+y+2x+3=3x+y+3．设P：p，由已知得：0≤p≤x+y，则AP=p，AC=x+y，DP=3x+y+3-p，∵AP+AC=DP，BP= ，∴p+x+y=3x+y+3-p，解得：2p-2x=3，∴p-x=1.5，∴BP=1.5【解析】【分析】（1）此题可以设未知数表示题中线段的长度关系，设AB长为x，BC长为y，则AC=AB+BC=x+y,CD=2x+3 ，根据中点的定义得出 AC=CD ，从而列出方程，变形即可得出答案；（2）设AB长为x，BC长为y ，则CD=2x+3 ，由BC= CD，得出AB+CD=3BC，从而列出方程变形即可得出答案；（3）设AB长为x，BC长为y ，则CD=2x+3 ，以A为原点，AD方向为正方向，1为单位长度建立数轴，则A点表示的数为0，B点表示的数为x，C点表示的数为x+y，D点表示的数为x+y+2x+3=3x+y+3．设P点表示的数为p，由已知得：0≤p≤x+y，则AP=p，AC=x+y，DP=3x+y+3-p，由AP+AC=DP，列出方程，并行得出P-X的值，再根据BP= 即可得出答案。
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杨浦区2017年度第一学期期末质量调研六年级语文练习卷满分：100分第一部分：阅读（60分）一、文言文阅读（共28分）（一）默写（10分）1.，流响出疏桐。
（虞世南《蝉》）2.，不及林间自在啼。
（欧阳修《画眉鸟》）3.知儿童挑促织，。
（叶绍翁《夜书所见》）4.？学之，则难者亦易矣。
（彭端淑《为学》）5.郑人有欲买履者，。
（《郑人买履》）考点：能记诵规定范围内的文言诗文。
答案：1.垂緌饮清露 2.始知锁向金笼听 3.夜深篱落一灯明4.人之为学有难易乎5.先自度其足（二）阅读下面的诗歌，回答问题。
（6分）望岳岱宗夫如何？齐鲁青未了。
造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓。
荡胸生曾云，决眦入归鸟。
会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。
6.本诗作者是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人杜甫，自号“”他的诗风沉郁顿挫，他被后世尊称为“”考点：掌握重要的文学和文化常识。
答案：少陵野老诗圣7.下列表述错误的两项是（）（）（4分）A.《望岳》这首诗格调高亢，字里行间洋溢着青年杜甫蓬勃的朝气。
B.“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。
”这是化用了孔子的名言“登泰山而小天下”，抒发了诗人登上泰山后的感受。
C.《饮湖上初晴后雨》中“淡妆浓抹”与前两句的西湖晴雨之景相呼应，使“西子”之比更贴切传神。
D.《观沧海》全诗借景抒情，借大海壮丽的景象写昂扬斗志，尤其是“幸甚至哉，歌以咏志”两句抒发了诗人博大的胸襟。
E.《卜算子》写送别，一扫愁苦，悲伤之气，以“眉眼”写山水，生动形象，写出了词人对美好春光的憧憬。
考点：能理解和把握诗词的基本内容和作者的感情倾向。
分析：B中诗人并没有登上泰山，D中“幸甚至哉，歌以咏志”是古体乐府诗结束时的“套语”与诗的内容无关。
答案：B D（三）阅读下文，回答问题。
（12分）画蛇添足楚有祠者，赐其舍人巵酒。
舍人相谓曰：“数人饮之不足，一人饮之有馀，请画地为蛇，先成者饮酒。
”答案：遂：就亡：失去分析：（1）（2）中的为都是“画”的意思，（3）（4）中的“足”都是“脚”的意思。
答案：D10. 找出下列“之”字意思完全相同的两项（）（）（2分）A. 一人之蛇成B.好一一听之C.吾能为之足D.为之，则难者亦易矣E.吾欲之南海F.西蜀之去南海G.顾不如蜀鄙之僧哉H.数人饮之不足考点：能在具体语境中理解文言词语的含义。
分析：A：助词，的 B.代词，指竽 C.代词，指蛇 D.做 E.到，去 F.用于主谓之间，取消句子独立性 G 助词，的 H.代词，指酒答案：A G分析：先画成蛇的人没有饮到酒是因为“蛇固无足”，他却“为之足”，寓意是做任何事都要实事求是，不卖弄聪明，否则非但不能把事情做好，反而会把事情弄砸。
答案：蛇本来没有脚，先画成蛇的人，却将蛇添了脚，结果不成为蛇。
任何事都要实事求是，不卖弄聪明，否则非但不能把事情做好，反而会把事情弄砸。
二、现代文阅读(共32分)(一)阅读下文，回答问题。
(16分)美容新术张秀亚在一次文艺座谈会中，我曾向一些少女和青年们介绍了一种新的美容术。
我对他们先引用了黄山谷的一句话：“士大夫三日不读书则面目可憎。
”我请他们把上面这句话的反语告诉我，他们立即很迅速地回答我说：“读书三日则面目可爱。
”说完，他们彼此相顾，欣然而笑了，原来我向他们推销的新美容术，乃是请他们勤于阅读。
读书的确能够美容，男女都可一试。
利用读书之法来美化容颜，获致的才是真正的美，那是发于中而形于外的一种真的美，那是内心充实然后流露于外的一种美。
非寻常割眼、隆鼻后所得到的“纯外表”上的美可比。
【那天，我给他们讲了一则西洋的小故事：一位画家，有一天找来一位美少年，做他书面上天师的模特儿。
又过了一些年，他想在这幅画面上增添一个魔鬼来做对比，寻找了好多时日，才在一个下流场所的门外，看到一个面目丑恶可怕的人，他便雇了他来，作为他画魔鬼面目的依据。
在他的画室中，二人在谈话间，这位画家惊异地发现，原来这一位有着魔鬼的面孔的人，竟是多年以前他找来画天使面貌的那位美少年，他的放荡行经，将他天生的美好破坏无疑了。
】林肯说，四十岁以后，每个人应为自己的面目负责。
意谓其美丑与先天遗传无关了。
其实，不必等到四十岁，人随时为他的面目负责。
而读书乃是使美者更美，丑者亦化为美的良方。
平时所谓的风度高雅，所谓的气质高贵，所谓的眉目清朗，所谓的有书卷气，都是勤于读书的结果。
读书，读好书，乃是最简易可行的美容术，因为读好书乃是第一流的天才以其最精粹的语言来和你讲话。
李白、王维、李清照、莎士比亚、丹尼生、爱默森……都_____(A.坐 B.住C.摆)住在你的书架上，随请随到，他们会向你展示其灵魂深处最美的言语，这些言语，美化了你的心灵，也同时美化了你的容颜。
以读书为美容术，黄山谷早已发明了。
我不过将这古老的良方，再加以重述而已，姑名之为美容新法，因为这种美容术好久以来无人提到了。
12.文中【】内文字中有一个错别字，请找出来并改正。
___________(1分)考点：字词书写。
解析：文中“他的放荡行径”中“径”写成了“经”。
答案：经改成径。
13.文中引用黄山谷的话的作用是_________(2分)考点：句子的含义与作用。
解析：这句话讲出了读书的重要性，也就是说读书可以使人变美，切合了作者要表达的中心，也增加了文中的趣味性。
答案：这句话的意思是有知识的人三天不读书就会变得面目可憎。
这句话首先引起读者思考与阅读兴趣，同时引起了下文要讲的美容心术，与下文读书三日则面目可爱形成对比，强调了读书的重要性。
14.作者认为“美”的人的标准是_________(2分)考点：概括文章内容。
解析：从文章中第7段可知，“美”的人的标准是发于中而形于外的。
答案：发于中而形于外。
15.文中划线句句式整齐，其表达效果是____________(3分)考点：修辞手法的作用。
解析：划线句运用了排比的修辞手法，增加了气势，突出强调了勤于读书的作用。
答案：划线句运用了排比的修辞手法，增加了气势，突出强调了勤于读书的作用。
16.请选出正确选项，并说明理由。
(3分)李白、王维、李清照、莎士比亚、丹尼生、爱默森…都 (A.坐B.住C.摆)在你的书架上…_________考点：词语的用法。
解析：从对文章的分析来看，“住”字合适，住可以更好的体现读者与这些作者的亲密关系以及他们对读者的影响。
答案：B。
17.请说说对美容新术中“新”的理解：(1)________________(2) _________________(2分)考点：理解词语的含义。
解析：从文章内容分析看，美容新术中新“新”第一指他区别于传统的靠改变容貌的美容术，第二是他是对古人已经提到过的美容术的一种新的提倡。
答案：(1) 他区别于传统的靠改变容貌的美容术。
(2) 他是对古人已经提到过的美容术的一种新的提倡。
18.作者写此文的目的是什么？(3分)考点：理解文章主旨。
解析：从文章最后一段可知，作者的写作目的是在为了呼唤人们重视心灵的塑造，不要流于俗套，只重视外表上的美，强调心灵美对人的重要性。
答案：目的是为了呼唤人们重视心灵的塑造，不要流于俗套，只重视外表上的美，强调心灵美对人的重要性。
采野菱朱林兴（1）去年生日的那个周末，女儿请我到郊区的一家农家乐吃生日饭。
点的都是刚出土或出水的蔬菜、水鲜，只只菜鲜美可口，尤其那盘炒嫩菱脆而甜，令人胃口大开。
不由勾起了我少年时采野菱的回忆。
（2）一个甲子前，我十二三岁起就爱采野菱。
我爱采野菱，是因野菱肉质细腻，口感香脆而无淀粉味，好吃，是菱中上品；是因凡湖塘普遍长野菱，源头丰富，取之不竭。
（3）采菱季节，每逢节假日，我吃完早饭，就肩扛湖船直奔事先观察好的池塘。
湖船是采菱的主要工具，是个直径约1米左右、内层深约30公分的木盆。
既是交通工具，又是盛具。
采菱者在湖面上移动、采摘和盛菱都有赖于它的忠实服务，否则将一事无成。
所以采菱必须先学会划船。
（4）起初，我因不谙船性，那船根本不听我的，让其向东，它偏往西；或原地打转，甚至故意前倾后翘，险象环生。
我姐有一次采野菱时船闹别扭，船底朝天，差点酿成大祸。
前车之覆，后车之鉴。
“心之官则思”。
为了迅速学会划船，我以浅水河塘作平台。
边学划船，边揣摩人船湖三者之间关系，终悟其道：臀部坐在船心，下身静，上身微倾，保持船体平衡；双手作桨，生动力，定方向，调速度。
掌握了“人船合一”的技巧后，那船好像是我双脚的延伸，犹如哪吒的风火轮，在湖面上驰骋，大有如履平地之感。
（5）学会了划船，还不等于会采野菱。
采野菱还要掌握避刺的技巧。
野菱四角尖锐如针。
第一次采菱，我不知道右手的拇指和食指的着力点应放在野菱的哪个部位上，结果不但效率低，而且两指让菱角刺满了密密麻麻的眼子，肿痛了好几天。
（6）由于野菱长在叶腋下，没入水中，为菱盘所覆盖。
采菱必先将菱盘提出水面。
初，以为这很容易，只要用左手将菱盘抓出水面并仰天翻转，菱盘上有多少可采的菱便一目了然。
谁知我按设想的做，结果菱盘还没出水面，只听得那些熟透的老菱一只只，“扑通、扑通”掉入湖里，我不知如何是好。
本来两亩左右湖面野菱至少可采五六斤菱，而我只采到两斤，大部分都掉入了湖中，甚为可惜！（7）面对困难，我第一时间脑海中闪出了一句话：“第一次能这样已经不错了。
这次粥没完全烧好，不怕，怕的是不会动脑筋和缺乏勇气。
”这是我七岁那年母亲教导我的。
当时，我是第一次帮家里烧晚饭，水放少了，结果粥不像粥，饭不像饭。
我甚垂头丧气，责备自己笨。
母亲就对我说了这句半是鼓励半是批评的话。
对我从此养成了碰到问题，爱问“为什么、怎么办”的习惯。
围绕采菱碰到的难题，我一连三四个晚上睡不好觉，白天借以实物，从不同角度揣摩如何提抓菱盘，或捏拿菱角，终于理出头绪，找到了既快又安全的采菱技巧。
我身坐船中，左手轻抓菱盘，使之呈45度角倾斜，右手采菱，轻松自如，徐徐缓行，侧身往后看，水面出现了船移动时留下的一条清晰的痕迹。
几乎每次采菱，不用三个小时，就可满仓而归，足足有八斤，乃至十斤之多。
当天晩上全家就围着小圆桌尽情品尝野菱美味，吃不完，第二天上街换钱，以买文具用品。
（8）世界是个万花筒，无奇．不有。
我采野菱除了物质上的收获外，还会得到意想不到的收获。
当年，我常去采菱的池塘叫“小囡浜”，此浜不大，菱叶覆盖浜面，秋风吹来阵阵清纯菱香，浜中央菱叶上坐有一只青蛙。
湖面组合虽简单，然“菱池如镜净无波，白点花稀青角多”（白居易《看采菱》），和谐高雅。
第一次去此浜，那青蛙远远见到我，未等我将船入水，早已逃之夭夭。
其实，它并没有逃远，而是在偷偷窥探我。
过了一周我去此浜，这次它见到我后没有逃。
又过了些时日，还是这只青蛙见我后居然不但不逃，还对着我“呱呱”地叫几声，好像在说“欢迎！欢迎！”我很佩服这只青蛙的灵性。
人善待青蛙，它也会视人为朋友。
如果当初能有照相机摄下这个难得的人蛙和谐的镜头，那是多么珍贵啊！（9）星转斗移，一个甲子过去了，当年供我采菱的池塘、湖船早已不在了，然，那些四角尖尖的野菱，尤其那只青蛙在我脑海里挥之不去，成为永远的记忆。