童子军英文简介

Introduction of boy scoutsBoy Scouts, international movement dedicated to致力于developing the character of boys and youths and training them for the responsibilities of adult life. The movement was begun in England in 1907 by Robert Baden-Powell, who based his program on two already existing American organizations: Sons of Daniel Boone, and Woodcraft Indians.Scouting exists in more than 140 countries. The national organizations are autonomous[ɔ:'tɔnəməs]自治的；自主的but hold membership in the World Organization of the Scout Movement世界童军运动总会(英文简称为WOSM), which meets every two years. The World Scout Bureau['bjuərəu]世界童军总部in Geneva[dʒi'ni:və], Switzerland, serves as secretariat [,sekrə'tɛəriət]秘书处for the movement. International rallies ['ræli]集会, called jamborees[,dʒæmbə'ri:]青少年露营大会, are held every four years.[童子军]为Boy Scout的译名，它是一种野外活动的训练方式，这种方法用以培养青少年成为快乐健康有用的公民。

目前全世界约有两亿五千多万名童子军。

童军创始人--- 童军的创始人是英国爵士贝登堡先生，贝登堡鉴于当时英国青年道德堕落，体格衰弱，恐遭古代罗马帝国亡国的覆辙，是故研发出一套可行的训练方法试图挽救这种危机。

创立经过--- 贝登堡先生回忆儿时生活及军中服务所得之经验，并参考各民族训练青年的优良方法，拟具一种儿童训练的计划。

最初贝氏召集了20名儿童，到英国南部的[白浪岛]举行实验性的露营，当时正值民国前五年(1907)年夏季，这应该算是世界童子军成立的第一团了。

童子军的组织--- 世界童子军总会=>各国童子军总会=>地方童子军会=>童子军团=>小队=>童子军Quotations:童军三箴言Optimism: A Scout smiles and whistles under all circumstances.Promises: On my honour I promise that I will do my best...to do my duty to God and the King...to help other people at all times...to obey the Scout Law.Self-reliance: Be Prepared...the meaning of the motto is that a scout must prepare himself by previous thinking out and practising how to act on any accident or emergencyso that he is never taken by surprise; he knows exactly what to do whenanything unexpected happens.Scout Handshake童军左握礼Scouts across the world all greet each other with a left-handed handshake which is made with the hand nearest the heart, and it is a sign of trust and friendship. But why did and how did Baden Powell come to decide to use it when he formed the Scout Movement.There is a story that when Baden Powell entered Kumasi [ku:'mɑ:si]库马西（加纳中南部城市）, the capital city of the Ashanti[ə'ʃænti]阿散蒂地区(加纳中部行政区，曾为一王国) he was met by one of the Great Chiefs of the Ashanti, He salutedthem with his right hand, but the Ashanti chieftain['tʃi:ftən]首领offered his left hand and said: 'In our land only the bravest of the brave shake hands with the left hand, because to do so we must drop our shields and our protection.' When asked why Baden Powell was told that In Africa warriors used the left hand to hold their shields and to lower it and shake the left hand of the person was to show they trusted each other, for without the shield for protection he was open to attack..There are some variations of the handshake between national Scouting organizations.世界各国童子军相遇时,不论穿制服与否,祇要知道对方是童子军都通行左握礼。

在左握的同时,右手亦举起做三指记号,并且面带笑容注视对方。

左握礼的方法,是将左手的手指伸直,拇指和小指与中间的三指分开与对方的左手互握,这也是童子军的一种暗号,因为大部分人的心脏都偏向左边,这也表示了大家都是朋友兄弟,特别亲切的意思。

查左握礼的起源,是原由当年的贝登堡将军驻防非洲,看到当地两个土人种族,时常彼此作战,互不相让,损失惨重。

有一天,他们突然了解和善相处较为好些,于是就将手中所时的茅与盾丢弃,他们相遇时,就伸出左手致敬,以示为携带武器。

这样方能使对方相信是友善的对待。

因此,贝登堡将军把左握礼介绍给世界各国的童子军采用。

World Scout Emblem['embləm]标记，徽章/badge世界童军徽---The final design includes a rope which encircles the fleur-de-lis and is tied in a reef knot at the bottom of the badge.世界童军徽世界童军徽的产生：贝登堡说：我们的徽章取自在地图上用于导向北方的“指北针”。

此徽章的用意，在提醒每一位童军必须像指北针那样真实可靠地维护童军的理想，迈向正确方向。

the fleur-de-lis was commonly used as the symbol for northon maps, and a Boy Scout was to show the way in doing his duty andhelping others. A "bond" was also added tying the three plumes[plu:m]羽状物together to symbolize the family of Scouting.世界童军徽的含义：●三个尖端，代表“童军诺言的三项主要内容” The plumes of the fleur-de-lis becamesymbols for Service to Others, Duty to God, and Obedience to the Scout Law. Thesethree principles form the Scout Promise which is made by new Scouts as they join themovement.●两边的五角星星，代表“真理与知识” the two five-pointed stars, which symbolizeknowledge and truth●环绕周围打结的绳子，代表“童军运动的团结”，无论如何拉，也拉不开，越拉反而越紧，代表童军运动更为团结。

The rope is there to symbolize the family ofthe World Scout Movement and the knot symbolizes the strength of the unity of theWorld Scout Movement.●世界童军徽的颜色：徽章采用白色而以紫色为底。

白色，代表纯洁。

紫色，代表领导与帮助他人。

The colors chosen have significance, with the white of thearrowhead箭头状物and rope representing purity, and the royal purple蓝紫色；贵族紫denoting leadership and service.●世界童军徽的尺寸：2.2cm直径之刺绣或编织之布徽。

4.4cm直径之刺绣或编织之布徽。

1.2cm直径银底或铝底之胸针。

. Boy Scout Uniforms服装（以美国为例T ake the US as the example）The Boy Scouts of America has many ranks and each rank has a different uniform.●Boys who are in 1st grade or are seven years old can enter the Tiger Cubs幼虎队,稚龄童军. Tiger Cubs[kʌb]幼仔；幼童军may wear orange t-shirts (bottom row, far right).●Boys who are in 2nd grade or are at least eight years old can join the Cub Scouts幼童军(8～10岁儿童组成). The Cub Scouts wear blue uniforms with scarves(bottom row, far left).●Boys who are 11 to 17 years old can join the Boy Scouts. Boy Scouts wear tan棕黄色shirts with scarves (top row, far right).●Boys and girls who are 14 to 20 years old can join the Venturing program.Members of the Venturing program wear dark-green uniforms (top row, far left).童子军的种类--- a. 稚龄童军(pre cub scout)===>六岁半至十岁半b. 幼童军(cub scout)===>八岁至十二岁c. 童子军(boy scout)===>十一岁以上d. 行义童子军(senior scout)十四岁以上e. 海童军(sea scout)及空童军(air scout)===>十五岁以上f. 罗浮、兰杰童子军(rover ranger scout)==>十七岁以上中国童军1912年2月25日，严家麟参考英美童子军的教育形式，组织60个16岁以下的男孩在武昌文华书院图书馆，举行宣誓仪式，成立了中国童子军第一支队抗战胜利后，由于国民党反动派忙于打内战，中国童子军的发展受到了很大影响。