高一下英语必修三 unit4 主语从句和同位语从句1
合集下载
必修3：Unit4主语从句
据报道2020东京奥运会推迟了。
summary
一、主语从句在句子中扮演主语的角色；
二、要不出现在句首，要不放在句末。
三、3种用法：
1. 由 -wh 引导 （what; who; when; where; why; how; whether…)
2. 由 that 引导
3. 由 It 做形式主语
1）It is + 名词 + 从句 2）It is + 形容词 + 从句 3）It + 动词（vi/vt) + 从句 (区分系动词) 4）It + 被动 + 从句
4）It + 被动 + 从句
It is reported that… 据报道……，
It is said that… 据说………
对比 what 和 that 的用法
用 what 和 that 填空。
1）_____ Trump did in public astonished the others. 2）_____ Trump did something in public astonished
状语从句 他养了条狗子，因为他寂寞。
主语从句是干啥的？
作主语的
主语从句的位置有 2 种情况： 1）主语从句 + 谓
谓 主
What you say is always right.
你说的都对。
主语从句的位置有 2 种情况： 2）it 作形式主语：It + 谓 + 主语从句
形式主语 谓
It is important that we eat well.
形式主语
主语从句
2）It is obvious that we can not finish the task on time.
summary
一、主语从句在句子中扮演主语的角色；
二、要不出现在句首，要不放在句末。
三、3种用法：
1. 由 -wh 引导 （what; who; when; where; why; how; whether…)
2. 由 that 引导
3. 由 It 做形式主语
1）It is + 名词 + 从句 2）It is + 形容词 + 从句 3）It + 动词（vi/vt) + 从句 (区分系动词) 4）It + 被动 + 从句
4）It + 被动 + 从句
It is reported that… 据报道……，
It is said that… 据说………
对比 what 和 that 的用法
用 what 和 that 填空。
1）_____ Trump did in public astonished the others. 2）_____ Trump did something in public astonished
状语从句 他养了条狗子，因为他寂寞。
主语从句是干啥的？
作主语的
主语从句的位置有 2 种情况： 1）主语从句 + 谓
谓 主
What you say is always right.
你说的都对。
主语从句的位置有 2 种情况： 2）it 作形式主语：It + 谓 + 主语从句
形式主语 谓
It is important that we eat well.
形式主语
主语从句
2）It is obvious that we can not finish the task on time.
人教高中英语必修3Unit4 Grammar The subject clause主语从句(共29张PPT)
1）主语从句在句首只能用whether, 有it作形式主 Conclusion: 语时whether/if都可以。
2）whether/if 在从句中不充当句子成分，
但有意义“是否”，不能省略。
3.连接代词和连接副词的用法：
1）连接代词：what (whatever ) ，who( whoever) ， which (whichever)，whom，whose .可以在从句中作主语，宾语表语。
* If we will have a meeting hasn’t been
decided yet. ×
Pay attention:放在主语从句句首，表示“是 否”时，只能用whether, 不能用if
Correct or not?
10
What
*That party
she will
wants to be held .
It is certain that price will go up .
3. That they are badly in need of help is quite clear.
It is quite clear that they are badly in need of help.
Pick up one number and finish the task in it, then you can get some scores.
3.How did dinosaurs die out is still a mystery.
dinosaurs died out Conclusion: 从句必须用陈述语序。
注意: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,
避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在 后面。 例如:
人教必修三 Unit4 主语从句详细讲解课件56PPT
that 只有引导定从才做成分
• 5．what与that在引导主语从句时的区别 • what引导主语从句时在从句中充当成分，如
主语、宾语、表语等；that则不作任何成分， 只起连接作用。
• ①What has made him mad is not known yet. • (what在从句中作主语) • ②What you said yesterday is right. • (what在从句中作said的宾语) • ③That she is still alive is a consolation. • (that不作任何成分)
(引导名词性从句的关联词):
从属连词 that, whether, if，
(不作成分）
连接代词 what, who, whom, （作成分） whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词 when, where,why,how
（作状语）
9
1.引导词 that
that放在句首引导主语从句，在主语从句中 不充当任何成分也无实际意义。但是不能省略。
It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is a pity that… It is a surprise that …. It is a fact that……
遗憾的是…… 令人惊奇的是…… 事实是……
It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句
It appears/seems that… 似乎……
★_W__h_a_t he offers is what I need.
★ _W__h_at__ they are most interested in is
how they can produce more and better cars.
高中英语必修三Unit4-主语从句
It happened that...
碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起…
It appears/seems that… 似乎，好像…
It turned out that… 原来…
*_I_t_h_a_p_p_e_n_e_d__t_h_a_t_(刚好)I was out yesterday.
主语从句的规律：
例4. That whether he will help others is a fact.
正：That he will help others is a fact.
规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。
主语从句的规律： 例5. When he will come are a puzzle. 正：When he will come is a puzzle.
4) 连接副词when, where, how ,why
1.When we will leave（我们什么时候离开） hasn’t been decided. 2.How he got there (他怎么到那的） is a secret. 3. Why he cried (他为什么哭）is not clear. 4. Where the meeting （会议将在哪里举行） will be held is not known.
主语是？
Which part serves as subject in each sentence? 1. You are a student. 2. Smoking is bad for you. 3. To find your way can be a problem. 4. “How do you do?” is a greeting.
主语从句与同位语从句详解
【主语从句】主语从句是指在句子中做主语的从句。
引导主语从句的词有连词that，whether；连接代词who，what，which以及其强调形式whoever，whatever，whichever；连接副词when，where，how，why等。
例如：That she was able to come made us very happy．Whether she will come or not is still a question．What we need is more time．Where she has gone is a mystery．在主语从句中，为了保持句子的平衡，我们常常把主语从句后置，而以形式主语it代替。
例如：That he misunderstood me is obvious．通常说成：It is obvious that he misunderstood me．When the plane is to take off has not been announced．通常说成：It has not been announced when the plane is to take off．引导主语从句位于句首的连词不能用if，可以使用whether。
例如：If he comes or not doesn’t matter．应该为：It doesn’t matter if he comes or not．或Whether he comes or not doesn’t matter．that引导的主语从句放在句首时，that不能省略。
例如：That he was chosen made us very happy．注意这种结构构成的一些常见句型，如：It is said / reported that …．据说/据报道……。
It must be pointed out that …．必须指出的是……。
人教版高一英语必修三Unit4主语从句(课件)
6. When and where the meeting XXX be held stirlel mreaminain a question.
主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用 单数情势。
7. What were your problems a year ago hasve now become mine.
4.No matter who leaves the room last ought to
Whoever
turn off the lights.
5.It is important that a student learns a foreign
language.
should learn
4. Where XXX the trees be planted has
not been decided.
将XXX置于trees之后。主语从句要 用陈说句语序。
5. NoWmhaotteevrewr ho breaks the rule XXX be punished.
引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引 导名词性从句时只能用whoever。
A. is B. are C. has D have
5.what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区分 what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当 句子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that 则不然。 1) What you said yesterday is right.
2) That she is still alive is a consolation.
• 常用句型如下： • It+ be +名词+ that 从句 • It+ be + 形容词+ that从句 • It+ be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句 • It+ be + 不及物动词+ that从句
主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用 单数情势。
7. What were your problems a year ago hasve now become mine.
4.No matter who leaves the room last ought to
Whoever
turn off the lights.
5.It is important that a student learns a foreign
language.
should learn
4. Where XXX the trees be planted has
not been decided.
将XXX置于trees之后。主语从句要 用陈说句语序。
5. NoWmhaotteevrewr ho breaks the rule XXX be punished.
引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引 导名词性从句时只能用whoever。
A. is B. are C. has D have
5.what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区分 what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当 句子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that 则不然。 1) What you said yesterday is right.
2) That she is still alive is a consolation.
• 常用句型如下： • It+ be +名词+ that 从句 • It+ be + 形容词+ that从句 • It+ be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句 • It+ be + 不及物动词+ that从句
必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy： the science of the stars 名词性从句
【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：名词性从句——主语从句与同位语从句二. 知识精讲：（一）主语从句1. 概念与引导词在复合句中充当主语的从句就叫做主语从句。
引导主语从句的连接词有that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever, where , when , why , how Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.我们在哪开会都无所谓。
That we were invited to a concert this evening is good news to us.我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会，这对于我们来说是个好消息。
2. 主语从句需要注意的问题（1）从属连词that在主语从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，但不能省略，并且可以用形式主语it代替，把that从句置于句末。
That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.他要来参加会议使我们每一个人都很激动。
It is decided that the meeting will be put off till next Monday.已决定将会议推迟到下周一。
（2）主语从句常用it作形式主语，常用于以下固定句式中：①It +be +形容词（obvious, natural, surprising, wonderful, possible, likely, certain, necessary, important, strange…）+ that从句，在这类主语从句中，谓语部分常用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形。
It is necessary that one (should) master the skills of operating computers.掌握电脑操作技术是很有必要的。
必修3 unit 4 Grammar 主语从句
It happened that I saw him yesterday.
(2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以 使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用 主语从句：
Whether they would support us was a problem. 他 们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
Subject clause 主语从句 名 词 性 从 句
主语
Object clause 宾语从句
Predicative clause 表语从句 Oppositive clause 同位语从句
宾语
表语
作用相当于名词
同位语
That she could come to help us made us very happy 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补
It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.
<b> It is +形容词+从句
It is necessary that.... 有必要„„；
It is clear that.... 很清楚„„；
It is likely that.... 很可能„„；
It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.
It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic
It was a problem whether they would support us.他 们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
6) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7) When they'll start the project has not been decided yet.
8) It's certain that he will succeed .
很遗憾的是我们输了比赛。
_I_t _is__a__p_i_ty__t_h_a_t. we lost the match
这是事实他考试作弊了。 _It_i_s_a__fa_c_t__th_a_t_he cheated in the exam.
3) It +不及物动词+从句
It happened that...
eg. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
whether “是否”，在主语从句中不充当成分。
2.连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water …
*__It__is__r_e_p__o_r_t_e_d__t_h_a_t(据报道)20 people were killed in
the accident.
*__I_t_i_s__s_u_g__g_e_s_t_e_d__t_h__a_t(建议)we should eat more
vegetable and do more exercise.
• 注意三 • 注意：主语从句中 ，谓语动词一般用单数 • What引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定 • What he needs __i_s__that book. • What he needs __a_r_e__some books.
Summary:
Subject Clause
1. 用 that / whether / if/ /where / how / when /why / who /what/which/ how much / etc. 来连接主语从句.
在从句中作定语
3)连接副词when，where， how， why。
Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. When they will set off is not decided. Where she is from is unknown. How we will paint the house has not been decided.
2. That the earth is round is known to all. -- It’s known to all that the earth is round. 但what引导的主语从句除外。
it作形式主语的常用句式： ①It be＋形容词(obvious, likely, possible, strange, natural, important, necessary, essential...)＋that从 句 ②It be＋名词短语(a pity, a shame, a fact, a surprise, an honour, no wonder...)＋that从句 ③It be＋过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, hoped, reported, expected, ...)＋that从 句 ④It＋特殊动词(seems, appears, happens, matters, occurs to sb, makes no difference...)＋that从句
4.(___W__h_o can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.
5.(_W__h_e_th__er_ it will rain or not) is not clear. 6. (_W__h_y the earth is becoming warm) is a good topic for research.
• I am not certain/sure whether I has met him before. • 4.他告诉我，他已经辞去工作了。
• He told me that he had quitted/quit his job.
Subject Clauses 主语从句
主语从句
陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句
在从句中作宾语
What it is on earth has not been figured out.
在从句中作表语
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
Which student will win the first is uncertain.
在从句中作主语
在从句中充当的成 分
when（ever） 时间状语
where
地点状语
含义 什么时候，…的时候 哪里，……的地方
why
原因状语为什么ຫໍສະໝຸດ …的原因how方式状语
怎样，如何，…的方式
1）从属连词：that， whether等.
eg. That people cut down too many trees destroyed the balance of nature. that 无意义，在主语从句中不充当成分， 但不能省略。
动词/be
That+ 陈述句 Whether +一般陈疑述问句句 特殊疑问词 + 特陈殊述疑句问句
动词/be
引导词
从属连词（3个）：that 、 whether
连接代词 （9个）：who、 whom 、 what、 which、 whose、 whoever whomever、 whatever、 whichever、
wonderful…that… +(should) +do…
It is possible that *____________(很可能)she will come back tomorrow. *__I_t _is__o_b_v_io_u__s_t_h_a_t_(很明显)this measure is effective.
在从句中作状语
主语从句：找出下列句子中的主语从句。
1) That he will succeed is certain . 2) Whether he will go there is not known . 3) What he said is not true . 4) Where he hid the money is to be found out . 5) Whoever comes is welcome.
仿写练习
• 1.你要留意老师所说的话。
• You should pay attention to what the teacher said. • 2.我能问你什么时候在哪里出生吗？
• May I ask you when and where you were born? • 3.我不能确定以前是否见过他。
连接副词（4个）：when、 why、where、 how
连词
在从句中充当的成分
含义
that whether what（ever） who(m) whose
which
不充当成分 不充当成分 主/宾/表/定 主/宾/表 定语
定语 主/宾/表/
无具体含义 是否
什么，…的东西/事
谁 谁的
哪一个/件……
连词
7.(_T_h_a_t__ the earth is a solid ball) is known to us all.
Conclusion: 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
注意一:主语从句后置! 为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语, 主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.
1. That you missed the chance is a pity. -- It is a pity that you missed the chance.
Complete the sentences using what, whether, where,
when， who, why, how or that.
1.(__W_h__atis needed for success) is your hard work.
W2.h(_en__/H__o_wthey will arrive )has been told to the teacher. 3.(W__h_e_r_e/wwheewthielrl go tomorrow )hasn’t been decided yet.
4) It + be +过去分词+从句
It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that...据信……;人们相信…… It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议…… It must be admitted that…必须承认…… It cannot be denied that… 不可否认…… It must be pointed out that…需指出的是……
8) It's certain that he will succeed .
很遗憾的是我们输了比赛。
_I_t _is__a__p_i_ty__t_h_a_t. we lost the match
这是事实他考试作弊了。 _It_i_s_a__fa_c_t__th_a_t_he cheated in the exam.
3) It +不及物动词+从句
It happened that...
eg. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
whether “是否”，在主语从句中不充当成分。
2.连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water …
*__It__is__r_e_p__o_r_t_e_d__t_h_a_t(据报道)20 people were killed in
the accident.
*__I_t_i_s__s_u_g__g_e_s_t_e_d__t_h__a_t(建议)we should eat more
vegetable and do more exercise.
• 注意三 • 注意：主语从句中 ，谓语动词一般用单数 • What引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定 • What he needs __i_s__that book. • What he needs __a_r_e__some books.
Summary:
Subject Clause
1. 用 that / whether / if/ /where / how / when /why / who /what/which/ how much / etc. 来连接主语从句.
在从句中作定语
3)连接副词when，where， how， why。
Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. When they will set off is not decided. Where she is from is unknown. How we will paint the house has not been decided.
2. That the earth is round is known to all. -- It’s known to all that the earth is round. 但what引导的主语从句除外。
it作形式主语的常用句式： ①It be＋形容词(obvious, likely, possible, strange, natural, important, necessary, essential...)＋that从 句 ②It be＋名词短语(a pity, a shame, a fact, a surprise, an honour, no wonder...)＋that从句 ③It be＋过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, hoped, reported, expected, ...)＋that从 句 ④It＋特殊动词(seems, appears, happens, matters, occurs to sb, makes no difference...)＋that从句
4.(___W__h_o can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.
5.(_W__h_e_th__er_ it will rain or not) is not clear. 6. (_W__h_y the earth is becoming warm) is a good topic for research.
• I am not certain/sure whether I has met him before. • 4.他告诉我，他已经辞去工作了。
• He told me that he had quitted/quit his job.
Subject Clauses 主语从句
主语从句
陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句
在从句中作宾语
What it is on earth has not been figured out.
在从句中作表语
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
Which student will win the first is uncertain.
在从句中作主语
在从句中充当的成 分
when（ever） 时间状语
where
地点状语
含义 什么时候，…的时候 哪里，……的地方
why
原因状语为什么ຫໍສະໝຸດ …的原因how方式状语
怎样，如何，…的方式
1）从属连词：that， whether等.
eg. That people cut down too many trees destroyed the balance of nature. that 无意义，在主语从句中不充当成分， 但不能省略。
动词/be
That+ 陈述句 Whether +一般陈疑述问句句 特殊疑问词 + 特陈殊述疑句问句
动词/be
引导词
从属连词（3个）：that 、 whether
连接代词 （9个）：who、 whom 、 what、 which、 whose、 whoever whomever、 whatever、 whichever、
wonderful…that… +(should) +do…
It is possible that *____________(很可能)she will come back tomorrow. *__I_t _is__o_b_v_io_u__s_t_h_a_t_(很明显)this measure is effective.
在从句中作状语
主语从句：找出下列句子中的主语从句。
1) That he will succeed is certain . 2) Whether he will go there is not known . 3) What he said is not true . 4) Where he hid the money is to be found out . 5) Whoever comes is welcome.
仿写练习
• 1.你要留意老师所说的话。
• You should pay attention to what the teacher said. • 2.我能问你什么时候在哪里出生吗？
• May I ask you when and where you were born? • 3.我不能确定以前是否见过他。
连接副词（4个）：when、 why、where、 how
连词
在从句中充当的成分
含义
that whether what（ever） who(m) whose
which
不充当成分 不充当成分 主/宾/表/定 主/宾/表 定语
定语 主/宾/表/
无具体含义 是否
什么，…的东西/事
谁 谁的
哪一个/件……
连词
7.(_T_h_a_t__ the earth is a solid ball) is known to us all.
Conclusion: 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
注意一:主语从句后置! 为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语, 主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.
1. That you missed the chance is a pity. -- It is a pity that you missed the chance.
Complete the sentences using what, whether, where,
when， who, why, how or that.
1.(__W_h__atis needed for success) is your hard work.
W2.h(_en__/H__o_wthey will arrive )has been told to the teacher. 3.(W__h_e_r_e/wwheewthielrl go tomorrow )hasn’t been decided yet.
4) It + be +过去分词+从句
It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that...据信……;人们相信…… It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议…… It must be admitted that…必须承认…… It cannot be denied that… 不可否认…… It must be pointed out that…需指出的是……