英语虚拟语气完整归纳
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。
例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
英语语法 虚拟语气的知识点归纳

英语语法虚拟语气的知识点归纳一、虚拟条件句(一)含有if条件句的主从句的虚拟语气总结:1. If 条件句中谓语动词的虚拟结构是在原来陈述语气所用时态的基础上倒退一个时态(对将来虚拟的were to do/should do例外)2. 主句要借助于情态动词的过去式,后跟动词原形(现在或将来)或have done(过去);if条件句中只出现一个情态动词,即对将来虚拟的should.3.做此类题目时一定要分清是从句还是主句谓语动词的虚拟,还要把握好时态。
注意:1. 在虚拟条件从句中,动词“be”的过去时态一律用”were”,不用was。
2. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词中任何一个,可省略if,把这三个词提到主语之前, 变成:were/should/had +主语+剩余成分。
3.在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。
如我们可说Were I not to do., 而不能说Weren‘t I to do。
4.在表示与将来事实相反的条件句中,只能用should,而不能用would,could和might 等。
5.主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would,could以及might 可以用于各种人称eg :①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
在虚拟条件句中,对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:(1)条件从句表示的内容与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测,用过去时表示虚拟;(2)条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)”或“were to+动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的假设)”;(3)条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语形式时,主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式外,也可用直陈语气或祈使语气。
高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。
一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + 动词过去式(be 动词用 were)主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If I were you, I would study harder. (如果我是你,我会更努力学习。
)Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? (如果我们想要什么就有什么,生活岂不是很无聊?)2. 与过去事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句:If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. (如果我知道你的电话号码,我就给你打电话了。
)Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? (如果你再努力些,难道不能做得更好吗?)3. 与将来事实相反条件从句:① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. (如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。
)If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. (如果她明天来这儿,我会非常高兴。
)If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!(要是他考试不及格,他父母该多失望啊!)二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反:从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反:从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句:I wish I were as tall as you. (我希望我和你一样高。
虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳虚拟语气是英语中一种特殊的句式,它用来表达与事实相反或与实际情况有差别的意思。
它可以帮助我们表达不同形式的否定、虚拟假设、条件、建议、建议等。
本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行归纳,以便更好地理解它。
一、虚拟语气的基本概念虚拟语气是一种特殊的句式,它表示“如果”的意思,即“假如”,“要是”,“如果”,“就好了”,“就像”,“就算”等。
它可以表达不同形式的否定、虚拟假设、条件、建议、建议等。
二、虚拟语气的使用1. 否定形式:如果不,要是不,就算不,就好了不,就像不。
例句:If he didn't come, I wouldn't be here now.2. 条件形式:如果,要是,就算,就好了,就像。
例句:If it rains tomorrow, we'll have to cancel the picnic.3. 虚拟假设形式:如果,要是,就算,就好了,就像。
例句:If I had a million dollars, I'd travel around the world.4. 建议形式:如果,要是,就算,就好了,就像。
例句:If I were you, I would take this opportunity.三、虚拟语气的动词形式1. 一般时态:Should/would/could/might(动词原形)例句:I should go to bed early if I want to wake up early.2. 过去时态:should/would/could/might + have + 动词过去分词例句:I should have gone to bed earlier if I wanted to wake up early.3. 将来时态:should/would/could/might + be going to + 动词原形例句:I should be going to bed early if I want to wake up early.四、虚拟语气的重要点1. 虚拟语气使用在if引导的句子中,即虚拟条件句。
虚拟语气15种句型总结

动词也可用过去式
eg. It is time that we should stop work and go home.
It is time that we stopped work and went home.
6. 虚拟语气表示祝愿
1. Long live Chairman Mao! 2. God bless you! 3. May you have a long and happy
含蓄条件句的虚拟语气
• 要不是有。。。(but for, without, if it were not for, if it had not been for)
• If you had not helped me, I would not have the chance to go to school.
移到主语前面。
含蓄条件句的虚拟语气
• 假设情况不以if条件句表现出来,而是 通过某个介词或介词短语,不定式表 现出来。如without, but for, but, otherwise, because, or等。
含蓄条件句的虚拟语气
• If I had not lost her phone number, I would have rung her up. (用otherwise, but和or分别造句)
done?
5
(the future)
1 If someone gave you a valuable painting as a present, what would you do with it?
2 If you were to become the head of the United Nations, what would you do first?
完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳

完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳.虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面:虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用,以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。
虚拟条件句虚拟条件句是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设。
所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反,或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种:与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,以及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
具体情况请看下表:例句:1.表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now。
I would lend it to you.If I were you。
I would tell him my true feelings.If I were a boy。
I would join the army.If she had time。
she would go with you.2.表示与过去事实相反If he had XXX your advice。
XXX't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.If he had XXX my advice。
he would have XXX.3.表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were Sunday tomorrow.If he were given another chance to do it again。
he could XXX.If it were to rain tomorrow。
the football match would be postponed.1.虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。
(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。
(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。
(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。
(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。
I would have been able to meet her。
(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。
he would not have made such a mistake。
(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。
I would talk to him。
(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。
orders。
requests。
etc。
the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。
with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。
(完整版)虚拟语气(表格整理)

虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)1.if(条件状语从句)2.wish(宾语从句)/if only(要是……就好了)3.would rather+ 从句(表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事)4.as if/as though,even if/though + 从句--------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.在表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议”之类的动词后的宾语从句中,用“(should)+动词原形”。
6.虚拟语气用于主语从句7.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句 [用(should)+动词原形]8.虚拟语气用于定语从句这种从句常用在It is (high) time (that)...句型中,定语从句的谓语动词用过去式或should + 动词原形(should不能省略,be用were来表示),意【好题珍藏】1.Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often. (Pano M6 P16:15) A.lives B.would live C.has lived D.were to live【解析】主句说明了客观事实,if从句是对将来事实的假设。
见“1.if(条件状语从句)——与将来事实相反”。
【答案】D2.If Mr.Dewey present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. (Pano M6 P16:16) A.were B.had been C.should be D.was【解析】见“1.if(条件状语从句)——与过去事实相反”。
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【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:幸运的是,事故发生时他没有开快车;否则,我相信,这将是一个更严重的事故。
考查虚拟语气。根据“wasn’t driving”是过去进行时,所以此处是对过去的虚拟,主句时态应用情态动词+have done,故选C。
15.--------- Come and join us, Jim!
---------- I’m sorry I can’t . If I _______ time, I would certainly go.
A.will have B.have had C.had D.had had
【答案】C
【解析】
12.If I went to the moon, I ______ bring something unusual back to the earth.
A.could
B.will
C.would
D.shall
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:此题考查if引导的条件状语从句的相关知识。根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我去月球,我会带回一些不同寻常的东西。这个假设成立的几率很小,故看为虚拟语气。根据语法知识可知从句要用一般过去时,主句要用过去将来时,过去将来时的基本构成would+动词原形,故选C。
考点:if条件句的虚拟语气
点评:if条件句的虚拟语气,是中考要求掌握的知识点,分为三种情况:
表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。
3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should(would, could, might)+动词原形”。
该句描述的是与现状相反的事实故选A。
考点:考查虚拟语气。
8.The air pollution is worse and worse. The government suggests that people ____ to work by subway or by bus.
考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。
10.If I ______ you, I ______invite him to go to see a movie.
A.am;would B.were;will C.were;would D.was;will
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会邀请他去看电影。go to see a movie去看电影;invitesb to do邀请某人做某事;在表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中,Be用were,主句用would。
6.If I ________ invited tonight, I would go to the dinner party.
A.was B.were C.am D.is
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我今晚受到邀请,我会去参加晚宴的。由整个题干可知,现实情况与事实相反,是非真实的情况,是虚拟语气,虚拟语气中be都用were,故选B。
A.goB.goesC.goingD.to go
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:空气污染越来越糟糕。政府建议人们乘地铁或者乘公交车去上班。
考查谓语动词。A. go去;B. goes去;C. going在去;D. to go为了去。这是一个that引导的宾语从句,suggest后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should)do结构,should可省略。故选A。
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should(would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should(would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
2.If Iyou, Igive it to Microsoft research.
A.am, willB.am, wouldC.were, wouldD.was, would
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:如果我是你,我会把它交给微软研究部。
考查虚拟语气。根据If Iyou,这是一个虚拟语气,此句虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设,即与现在事实相反,谓语动词用过去式;该语法主要用于if条件状语从句,本句“如果我是你”,be动词用were,后面主句用过去将来时would+动词原形,故答案选C。
【答案】D
去那儿而且对那里一无所知,该怎么办?——如果我是你,我会在网上查找一些有关那里的信息。根据I would try to find可知主句用的是would+do,可知这是对现在事实的假设的虚拟语气,因此If引导的条件状语从句用一般过去时,根据虚拟语气的用法be动词在If引导虚拟语气中用were .故选D。
考点:if引导的条件状语从句
点评:if既可以引导宾语从句又可以引导状语从句。if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,遵循宾语从句的时态规则,可根据语境选择任何时态;充当从属连词,引导条件状语从句时,词义为“如果”,若主句中的谓语动词用一般将来时,则从句中的谓语动词通常用一般现在时表示将来。
考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时,后接从句用that sb should do,should可省。特殊疑问句的结构是特殊疑问词+be动词(助动词)+主语+其他?故选A。
5.Luckily, he wasn’t driving fast at the time of accident; otherwise, I am sure, it _______ a more serious accident.
英语虚拟语气完整归纳
一、初中英语虚拟语气
1.— I don’t know what to wear at the party.
— If Iyou, I would wear a shirt and a tie.
A.amB.isC.wereD.was
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:if从句的虚拟语气,对于现在的虚拟用一般过去式,be动词都用were,故选C.句意:——我不知道聚会该穿什么。——如果我是你,我会穿一件衬衫加一条领带。故选C
9.---What if I have to go there and know nothing about it?
--- If I______ you, I would try to find some information about it on the Internet.
A.amB.wasC.will beD.were
考点:考查虚拟语气。
11.If I ________ ten years younger, I _________ piano lessons and go to a music college.
A.am; will take B.was; took C.were; will take D.were; would take
试题分析:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
(1)、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should(would, could, might)+动词原形”
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:if虚拟语气中,对现在的情况进行虚拟,从句谓语动词均用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句用would/should/could/might+do.句意:如果我再年轻十岁,我会参加钢琴课程并去上音乐大学。故选D.
考点:if条件状语从句的虚拟语气
点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,中考中有所涉及,但不常见。用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。
13.I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I alwaysyoua careful driver.
A.think; areB.am thinking; are
C.thought; wereD.think; were
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气,与过去事实相反,需用一般过去时;根据句意结构,可知选C。
A.What did she suggest he readB.What did she suggest he reads