江苏省徐州市2018届高三下学期第一次质量检测英语试题含答案
江苏省徐州市2018届高三下学期第一次质量检测英语试卷 扫描版含答案
2017—2018学年度高三第一次调研测试(四市)第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）1—5 ACBCA 6—10 BABCB 11—15 CABCA 16—20 BCABC第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21—25 ADCAD 26—30 BAACB 31—35 BDCBD第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)36—40 ABABD 41—45 DBCDA 46—50 BCADC 51—55 ACBDD第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）56—57 BD 58—60 DBA 61—64 ABCD 65—70 ADBBBC第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）71. challenged72. clear/definite/certain 73. threatened 74. issues 75. restrictions 76. favour/favor /interest(s) 77. tends 78. light 79. taken 80. compromised/ damaged第五部分书面表达（满分25分）Possible version:The pictures above convey the general idea of the concept of the 21st century Maritime Silk Road and the significance for China and other countries to carry out “The Belt and Roa d” initiatives.From my perspective, I can’t highlight the importance of the Belt and Road initiative enough. Firstly, the Belt and Road will enable China to realize sustainable development, deepen its opening-up, and strengthen its mutually beneficial cooperation with countries in Asia, Europe and Africa and the rest of the world, which will definitely promote China’s further development. Furthermore, it also gives other countries opportunities to enhance international cooperation, exchange resources and technology and set up all-dimensional networks, thus speeding up all-round prosperity worldwide.In conclusion, the Belt and Road initiative is a win-win project facilitating comprehensive development especially in the economy dimension. Only when countries concerned combine their efforts can the Belt and Road initiatives be fully fulfilled. (150 Words)附：听力部分录音稿(Text 1)M: Is Playhouse Theater on Maple Street or Craven Street?W: Neither. It’s on Martin’s Lane.M: Really? Oops, I must have gotten the wrong address.(Text 2)W: I’m keen on American TV series. What is your hobby, David?M: Well, I read a lot. But what I love best is to chat on the WeChat.(Text 3)M: Daisy, I think I’ll stop by and get some shampoo.W: I’d hold off, if I were you. There are some good sales on the weekend.(Text 4)W: Mr. Smith, I’m afraid I can’t make it Wednesday. Can you make it Thursday afternoon?M: I’m sorry but I have class at that hour. Can you make it Friday afternoon?W: That’s fine with me.(Text 5)M: The boss gives me too much work but very short time. I can’t make it.W: Why? I do the same work within the same time, and I have to manage my family life. But I never have any complaint. (Text 6)W: ○7Hi, where have you been all afternoon?M: My washing machine died, so I went down the block to do the laundry.W: It must have been some extremely dirty laundry to take you so long.M: No, ○6I spent quite some time looking for a washhouse.W: ○7There’s one right around the corner, didn’t you know?M: Really? I have lived here for several years and I’ve never noticed!W: Well, its owner never put up a sign outside the store; it just passes on by word of mouth.(Text 7)W: Welcome. May I help you?M: Let me see your menu. What’s the most popular dish?W: Noodles and pasta.M: Do you have anything special on the menu today?W: ○8Juicy steak, fried chicken and fresh garden salad.M: Could you recommend a light appetizer for me?W: You could order the chicken Caesar salad.M: ○9I’ll have a steak, medium. No, well done, please. And a small vegetable salad.W: OK. Wait for a moment.(Text 8)W: Can I take a look?M: Sure. It’s just a room. My mother used to live in it. She moved out. So I thought maybe I’d take in a roomer.W: That’s a very nice room. I think I will take it if the rent is OK. What’s the rent?M: ○10$300 per month including the utilities. ○10But if you pay yearly, you’ll get a 5% discount.W: That’s quite reasonable. I will take it. Do I have to sign a contract with you?M: You don’t have to.W: Can I pay by credit card?M: I’m sorry. You can use neither check nor credit card. ○11Only cash is accepted.W: Oh, I see. Can I move in tomorrow evening?M: Well, ○12you can do any time since Wednesday, the day after tomorrow.(Text 9)M: Now, I noticed you left the Hotel Mozart in 2012, and then you had been working ○13in a medium-sized restaurant in Finland for about 4 years. What are you now doing in England?W: I’m spending a few months brushing up my English and getting to know the country better.M: ○14And you want to work in England too. Why?W: ○14I’m keen on getting some experience abroad, and I like England and English people.M: I’m the Restaurant Manager and Head Waiter, so you’d be working directly under me. ○15You’d be responsible for bringing in the dishes from the kitchen, serving the drinks, and if necessary looking after the bills. So you’d be kept pretty busy. W: I’m used to that. In my last position we were busy most of the time, especially in summer.M: Good. Now, is there anything you’d like to ask about the job?W: Well, the usual question—what sort of salary were you thinking of paying?M: We pay our waiters forty pounds a week, and you would get your evening meal free.W: I see.M: Now, you may have wondered why I asked you here so late in the day. The fact is, I would like to see you in action, so to speak. ○16Would you be willing to act as waitress here this evening for half an hour or so? Our first customers will be coming in, let me see, in about ten minutes’ time.W: Well, I’m free this evening otherwise.(Text 10)W: I shall never forget the day when I first set foot in London. ○17I had come from a quiet little town in Switzerland and I had never before lived in a big city, so London was a new world to me and I was dying to find out more about it myself.The general opinion abroad is that London has fog or rain, or both, every day of the year, but ○18on the day that I arrived it was fine and warm, there was a bright sun and a cloudless sky. The next day was just as beautiful; there was a slight wind that gently moved the leaves on the trees, and ○20you could smell the spring in the air. “Life is grand,”I thought, as I took Anthony, the little boy of the house, for a walk in Kensington Gardens. It was a straight road and I found the way quite easily. ○19When I got my first sight of the gardens the beauty of it all nearly took my breath away. ○20The trees were just bursting into leaf, fresh and green and lovely, and there were beds of spring flowers, red and yellow and blue, in the beautiful, smooth grass under the trees.○20People in light spring clothes were walking about, and, to my surprise, they walked not only along the paths but also across the grass, and no one said a word to them about it. I had never seen anything like that before.。
2018届高三第一次联考 江苏卷英语(有答案)
英语试题 第1页（共12页） 英语试题 第2页（共12页）绝密★启用前|2018年第一次全国大联考【江苏卷】第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 1. What was the weather like when Beth was at the beach?A. Cloudy.B. Sunny.C. Rainy. 2. What will the man do next Friday?A. Attend a party.B. Go on a business trip.C. E-mail the woman a report. 3. What does Nick do?A. A website designer.B. A computer salesman.C. A school teacher. 4. Where are the speakers?A. In the woman’s house.B. In a bookstore.C. In a restaurant. 5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A restaurant.B. The man’s job.C. The man’s pay. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman’s opinion about the T -shirts for 12 dollars?A. They are expensive.B. They are satisfying.C. They are ugly. 7. What does the woman decide to do in the end?A. Have lunch.B. Go to another shop.C. Buy a cheaper T-shirt. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
徐州市2017~2018学年度高三年级考前模拟检测英 语 试 题及答案
徐州市2017~2018学年度高三年级考前模拟检测英语试题说明：1. 本试卷共12页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 在答题纸的密封线内填写学校、班级、姓名、考号等，密封线内不要答题。
3. 请将所有答案均按照题号填涂或填写在答题卡/纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to do?A. Find an animal doctor.B. Buy medicine for dogs.C. Let the woman check his dogs.2. Why does the man ask the woman to stop the car?A. They have engine trouble.B. They need some gas.C. They have a flat tire.3. What does the woman need?A. Someone to change the fish tank.B. Someone to water the garden.C. Someone to change the water.4. Where are the speakers?A. In a store.B. On the bus.C. In a bank.5. What might the woman be good at?A. Looking after small children.B. Taking care of elderly people.C. Teaching people how to find a job.第二节听下面5 段对话或独白。
【徐州一检】徐州市2019届高三第一次质量检测 英语(含答案)
2018—2019学年度第一学期高三年级期末调研测试英语试题参考答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）1—5BCCBC6—10BBAAB11—15BCBCB16—20CAACC第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21—25CABBD26—30ACCCD31—35DAACC第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）36—40CBDAB41—45DADBC46—50CAADA51—55CDACB第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）56—57DD58—60AAC61—64CDCB65—70BCBBDA第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）71.deserve72.popularity/currency73.express/convey74.Cases75.looking76.tipped77.developed/created/produced/made78.majorityck/shortage/absence80.follow第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）81.One possible versionPeople tend to make resolutions on New Year’s Day to inspire themselves to meet new goals.While fulfilled aspirations do bring happiness,many people fail to make their resolutions work.Anyway,it makes sense to make New Year’s resolutions when the calendar changes.At the beginning of a new year,resolutions can guarantee us a fresh start.Just as a saying goes,well begun is half done. Meanwhile,the resolutions can serve as a constant reminder and a powerful motivator towards our goals.Therefore,practical methods should be adopted to make our resolutions come true.Break our resolutions into a series of time-based steps and achieve them one by one.Also,share our resolutions with our family members who can regularly remind us.At the same time,assess and reward ourselves in time for remarkable progress that we have made.I’m sure that we will make it with persistent efforts.(150words)附听力原文：Text1W:I’m going to change my clothes as soon as I’ve finished typing this letter.(1)M:Okay.Then we’ll take my car and go out for a meal.Text2M:Hello,Madam.We have some really nice T-shirts on sale.…Let me see.What about these dark blue jeans?They will look great with that T-shirt.And they are only$20.W:How much is the T-shirt?I love both the T-shirt and the jeans!M:The T-shirt is$10.(2)Text3M:I see you fell asleep in the lawn chair again.(3)W:That chair is very comfortable.Do my eyes look really tired?M:No,but your face is very sunburned.Text4W:It’s a very dry year.Are you using less water at your home?M:I do.But my wife doesn’t.She thinks our children need a daily bath.W:Water is very important for kids,but maybe she could give them a bath every other day.(4)Text5W:The museum is open late on Fridays.We could see the new exhibition after work.M:The weekend would be a lot better.I have to work late this week to finish a report.W:No problem.I told my nephew I’d take him to a baseball game on Saturday,though.(5)Text6W:Mrs.Thompson wants to see us,Jason.(6)M:Why?We shouldn’t be in trouble or anything.In fact,we were super active during the entire class discussion this morning.W:That’s just it.I don’t think it’s a bad thing at all.I think she is going to ask us to run for class monitor!(6)M:Whoa,really?That’s a lot of responsibility.(7)W:Well,I think you’d be great at it!Besides,it’s a big honor to be asked to do it.It means that Mrs.Thompson sees us as leaders.M:I’m not sure if I can do it by myself,though.Could we do it together?(7)W:Let’s ask Mrs.Thompson.I hear her coming in from the hallway now…Text7W:Mr.Jones,I just got off the phone with Mr.Dawson.He wants to schedule a meeting with you for later today or tomorrow.(8)M:What does he want to talk about?W:One of the factories that makes his products.He said it was pretty urgent.M:Well,I don’t want to stay too late like last night.My wife was not happy with me!W:How about tomorrow at11:00a.m.?I checked your schedule,and the only thing you have that day is a phone call at2:00p.m.(8)(9)M:11:00tomorrow sounds fine.Can you set everything up and then email me all the information,please?(8)W:Of course.I was just about to go to lunch,actually.Do you want to join me?M:I’d love to,but I have to look at some samples from a new customer.I’ll join you next time!Text8M:Did you grab everything from the car?We should check before we leave this area.(10)We have a long day of hiking ahead of us.W:Yes,I did it already.Where should we go now?M:We’re going up to the top part of the mountain.W:Is that where we get the tickets?(11)M:Yeah.It’s about a20-minute walk from here.(11)W:That’s not so bad.M:Just wait till we get the tickets.It’s a three-hour hike from there to the top.W:How far is the lake from the top?M:Another40minutes.We can have lunch at the top,or down by the water.W:We had a late breakfast,so I can wait.I’m excited to see this lake.The guidebook says it changes color throughout the year.M:That’s true.In the fall and winter,it’s sky blue because of the light reflecting off tiny pieces of ice in the lake.At this time of year,it turns green because of the plants that grow under the water.(12)W:That’s so cool.It’s a good thing I brought my camera.Text9M:Do you know there is a new art exhibition in the city?(13)W:No,I don’t.Is it being held at the City Exhibition Center?M:I thought it was there at first,or at one of the popular art galleries.But no,and you would never guess where it is.W:Come on,tell me.M:It’s taking place inside the Metropolitan Shopping Center.(13)W:Seriously?That’s so unusual.M:Yeah.I thought it was ridiculous,but now I find it kind of cool.(14)W:What are they showing at the exhibition?Paintings?M:There’s a painting section,and most paintings are the works of contemporary artists.(15)Only a few are painted by traditional painters.W:What’s the major difference between the two?M:Well,contemporary artists’works are more abstract compared with the classical style of traditional paintings. W:I see.So what other sections are there?M:There’s a photography section,a sculpture section and a video section.W:What’s being shown in the video section?M:Short movies.It’s actually the second most popular section of all four after the photography section.(16) W:Interesting.Which section is the least popular?M:The sculpture one.Text10Andrew had always looked up to his brother Dave,who was five years older.When Andrew turned10, their father passed away after a long battle with cancer.(17)Dave knew he was the only positive male role model for Andrew.The next year,Dave got his driver’s license and started driving his brother everywhere his father used to:school,soccer practice,friends’houses,summer camp…anywhere Andrew needed to be.He also got a part-time job in the evenings to help his mother with the family expenses.(18)Dave never thought about himself;he was always tired,but he knew he was doing the right thing.Several years later,Andrew was getting ready to graduate from high school at the top of his class.(19)The headmaster asked him to give a speech in front of the whole school.The head of the entire school district was going to be there to introduce him.(19) Andrew was honored,and he wrote his speech that night.The day of the graduation arrived.Dave was in the audience,along with his mother.Andrew said that he owed all his success to his older brother.He thanked Dave for showing him how to be a better person and a stronger man for his family.With tears in his eyes,he told Dave that their father was proud of both of them.Dave smiled through his own tears,because he finally knew it had all been worth it.(20)。
2018届高三下学期第一次联考英语试题 含答案
河北八所重点中学2017-2018学年第二学期高三英语一、阅读理解If you look at the night sky, you’ll often see stars moving very quickly. In fact, they move much more quickly than they should according to their size and the laws of physics.Scientists do not completely understand why the speed of these stars is so high. But many believe the reason is that much of the universe is made of something called “dark matter”. Groups of stars called galaxies, such as the Milky Way, might even be made up of 90 percent dark matter.How much something weighs depends on where it is. The same object weighs only half as much on Mars as it does on Earth and almost three times as much on Jupiter. So scientists prefer to talk about the mass (质量) of something rather than how much it weighs, because mass does not change. They can work out the mass of galaxies by measuring the distance between them and the speed they move at.Recently, Jorge Peñarrubia, a senior academic at Edinburgh University, UK, and his team discovered something interesting: The mass of the Milky Way is only half as much as the mass of another nearby galaxy, Andromeda. This seems strange, and dark matter may explain why.Finding out more about dark matter could help us understand how the universe began, but this is not easy. Lots of scientists with different types of expert knowledge are working on the problem.We can’t see dark matter, it’s very difficult to measure and we can’t find out its mass. Unlike stars, dark ma tter doesn’t produce or reflect light. But we can make a good guess that it is there because of the way things move and the way light bends. Experts now think dark matter may be very different from the matter that we find on Earth. There may also be five times as much dark matter in the universe as ordinary matter.1．Something that weighs 15kg on Earth weighs about _____ on Mars and _____ on Jupiter.A. 7.5 kg, 45 kgB. 30 kg, 45 kgC. 45 kg, 7.5 kgD. 5 kg, 30 kg2．The author mentions the masses of the Milky Way and Andromeda mainly to _____.A. explain why the same object has a different weight on different starsB. compare the distance between the Milky Way and AndromedaC. show that studying dark matter could help to answer some scientific questionsD. support the idea that scientists prefer to talk about mass instead of weight 3．Dark matter is difficult to investigate because _____.A. it travels at a very fast speedB. we can’t see where it is or measure its massC. it’s hard to measure the light it produces and reflectsD. it is much bigger than ordinary matter in size4．According to the text dark matter _____.A. could accelerate the speed of starsB. could lessen the mass of objects in galaxiesC. makes up the entire universe and its starsD. may help us identify the origins of the universeWhat's the most important thing in life?People's answers vary greatly. For British scientist Robert Edwards, the answer is having a child. "Nothing is more special than a child," he told the BBC.Edwards, the inventor of the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) technology—more commonly known as "test-tube (试管) baby" technology—passed away on April 10, 2018 at the age of 87."Edwards changed the lives of millions of ordinary people who now rejoice (高兴) in the gift of their own child," said Peter Braude, a professor at King's College London. "He leaves the world a much better place."Edwards started his experiments as early as the 1950s, when he had just finished his PhD in genetics. At that time, much of the public viewed test-tube babies as "scary", according to Mark Sauer, a professor at Columbia University, US.Edwards and his colleague Patrick Steptoe faced opposition from churches,governments and media, not to mention attacks from many of their fellow scientists. "People said that we should not play God and we should not interfere with nature," Edwards once told Times. He said that he felt "quite alone" at the time."But Edwards was a fighter, and he believed in what he was doing," said Sauer. Without support from the government, the two struggled to raise funds to carry on. And in 1968 they finally developed a method to successfully fertilize human eggs outside the body.The first test-tube baby was born on July 25, 1978. Her name was Is Louise Brown. Despite people's safety concerns, Brown was just as healthy as other children. "IVF had moved from vision to reality and a new era in medicine had begun," BBC commented.Ever since then, public opinion has evolved considerably. Couples who were unable to have babies began thronging (拥向) to Edwards' clinic. Nowadays, Reuters reports, some 4.3 million other "test-tube" children exist. Edwards received a Nobel Prize in 2018 and was knighted (封为爵士) by Queen Elizabeth in the following year. Before his death, Edwards was still in touch with Louise. "He is like a granddad to me," she said in an interview with the Daily Mail.He is a granddad to millions, in fact.5．What’s the article mainly about?A. The first test-tube baby.B. A new era in medicine.C. The inventor of IVF technology.D. The changes IVF technology has brought.6．The writer mentioned Peter Braude to .A. show how difficult it was for Edwards to do his workB. describe what kind of person Edwards wasC. explain why he is loved by all childrenD. comment on his achievement7．The underlined word "opposition" in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to " "A. attackB. supportC. testD. influence8．What is the correct order of events in Edwards' life?a. He received a Nobel Prize.b. He struggled to raise funds.c. The first test-tube baby was born.d. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.e. He succeeded in fertilizing human eggs outside body.f. He started his experiments on IVF technology.A. f-e-b-c-a- dB. f-b-e-c-d-aC. f-b-e-c-a-dD. f-e-d-a-c-bA warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.While the effect of cows milk harvested at different times has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night. 9．According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk_______.A. started sleep more easilyB. were less activeC. were more anxiousD. woke up later10．Which of the following is TRUE of melatonin according to the text?A. It’s used in sleeping drugsB. It exists in milk in great amountC. It can make people more energeticD. It’s been tested on mice for ten years11．What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Milk Drinking and HealthB. Fat, Sugar and HealthC. An Experiment on MiceD. Night Milk and Sleep12．How does the author support the theme of the text?A. By giving examples.B. By providing research results.C. By explaining statistical data.D. By stating argumentsIs it possible that the sinking of the Titanic was caused by a ghost? A lot of the story below is true… but did it really happen quite like this?Our story begins not in the icy cold waters of the North Atlantic, but rather thousands of miles away in Egypt. It is here, perhaps, that we can find the start of the mystery of the Titanic, in the year 1910, in the great city of Cairo. One day, a famous professor of Egyptian history called Douglas Murray was staying in Cairo, when he was contacted by an American adventurer.The American had something unusual to offer Murray, something that was certain to thrill him: a beautiful ancient Egyptian mummy case, containing the mummy of an Egyptian queen. It was over 3000 years old, but in beautiful condition ------ gold, with bright paintings on it. Murray was delighted with both the object and the asking-price. He gave the man a cheque immediately.The cheque was never cashed. That evening the American adventurer died. For his part, Murray arranged to have the treasure sent back to Britain. However, it was not long before he learnt more about the beautiful mummy case: On the walls of the tomb in which it had been discovered, there were messages which warned of terrible consequences to anyone who broke into the tomb. Murray was disbelieving of these warnings until a few days later, when a gun he was holding exploded in his hand, shattering his arm. The arm had to be cut off.After the accident, Murray decided to return to his homeland. On the return journey, two of his companions died mysteriously, and two servants who had handled the mummy also passed away. The now-terrified Murray decided he would get rid of the cursed case as soon as he arrived in London. A lady he knew named Janet Jones said she would like it, so he gave it to her. Shortly afterw ards, Jones’ mother died, and she herself caught a strange disease. She tried returning the mummy, but naturally Murray refused it. In the end, it was presented to the British Museum.Even in the museum, the mummy apparently continued to cause strange events. A museum photographer died shortly after taking pictures of the new exhibit; and a manager also died for no apparent reason. In the end, the British Museum decided to get rid of the mummy too. They sold it to a collector in New York.At the start of April 1912, arrangements for the transfer were complete, and the mummy began the journey to its new home. But the New Yorker never received the mummy or its case. For when the Titanic sank, one of the objects in its strong room was the mummy case. Or so they say.13．In Paragraph 5, the underlined word “cursed” is closest in meaning to ______.A. forgottenB. uncommonC. unluckyD. expensive14．In what order did the following events occur?a. The case was given to the British Museum.b. Janet Jones caught a mysterious illness.c. Murray’s arm was cut off.d. The mummy case was sold to an American.e. A man who took a picture of the case died.f. Warnings were written on the tomb’s walls.A. f, c, b, a, e, dB. c, f, b, a, e, dC. d, f, b, c, a, eD. f, a, c, b, e, d15． According to the passage, where is the Egyptian mummy now?A. At the British MuseumB. In New YorkC. In EgyptD. Under the sea16．What’s the main purpose of this passage?A. To introduce an important historical event to readers.B. To entertain readers with a story of mystery.C. To warn readers about the dangers of mummies’ curses.D. To inform readers about the true cause of the Titanic’s sinking.二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018届江苏省徐州市高三上学期期中考试英语试题及答案模板
徐州市2018届高三第一学期期中质量抽测英语说明：1. 本试卷共12页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 在答题纸的密封线内填写学校、班级、姓名、考号等，密封线内不要答题。
3. 请将所有答案均按照题号填涂或填写在答题卡/纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the two speakers take photos of ?A. Spaceships.B. Themselves.C. Visitors.2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a railway station.B. At a booking office.C. On a bridge.3. How long did David stay abroad in all?A. 9 days.B. 11 days.C.16 days.4. What is the man doing?A. Making a call.B. Making a visit.C. Making an appointment.5. Where will the woman go after work?A. To the beach.B. To the job center.C. To the shopping centre.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
(英语)江苏省徐州市2018届高三下学期第一次质量检测英语试题+Word版含答案
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the theater?A. On Martin’s Lane.B. On Maple Street.C. On Craven Street.2. What seems to be the man’s hobby?A. Watching TV.B. Reading books.C. Talking on the WeChat.3. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Avoid on-sale thingsB. Wait until the weekend.C. Get better shampoo.4. When will the speakers probably meet?A. On Wednesday afternoon.B. On Thursday afternoon.C. On Friday afternoon.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Employer and employee.C. Customer and manager.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What has the man been doing this afternoon?A. Mending the washing machine.B. Looking for a laundry shop.C. Doing some cleaning.7. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?A. Friends.B. Husband and wife.C. Customer and clerk.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2018届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题(附答案)(2)
2018年高三英语第一次模拟考试时间：120分钟满分：120分命题人：第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解（两节共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（每小题2分，共30分）AExercise is an important part of keeping a healthy lifestyle. Fitness tools and tips can help individuals develop an exercise plan that is not only safe but helps them to work toward a certain goal such as weight loss or running a marathon.Consult Your DoctorBefore beginning the weight loss or exercise program,it is best to consult(咨询) your doctor to make sure that you are in proper health and that there are no possible conditions that could get worse by exercise. Ask your doctor to recommend exercises based on your fitness level that will help you achieve your goals.Set Goals and LimitsWhen beginning a fitness program, it is important to start off slow and work toward a more advanced goal. Begin with short 10-to 20-minute exercise each day to prepare your body for more active exercises and to prevent injury.Drink Plenty of WaterDuring exercise, the body loses liquid from sweating,therefore, it is important to drink lots of water before, during and after exercising. Experts recommend drinking water or sports drinks every 15 to 20 minutes during exercise and more often during more active exercises. Continue to drink water several hours after exercising to refill liquids in the body.Exercise EquipmentExercise equipment such as treadmills(跑步机),exercise bikes and weights is a great way to stay fit when on a busy schedule or on rainy days. Before using exercise equipment athome or in the gym, educate yourself on the proper use of each piece to avoid injury to yourself or damage to the equipment.Tracking ToolsUse tools such as pedometers(计步器) or heart rate monitors can help record calories, steps and heart rate. These tools can help keep dieters and athletes active and eager to reach their health and fitness goals.1.What’s the main purpose of the passage?A.To introduce some ways of exercising.B.To tell us some exercise tips and tools.C.To persuade us to take exercise to keep fit.D.To give us advice on losing weight by exercise.2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.You can lose weight or take exercise in poor health.B.Treadmills are only used in the gym when it rains.C.Starting with long and violent exercise may cause injury.D.You need drink lots of water just before and after exercising.3.How often should we drink water during extreme active and violent exercises?A.Every 10 minutes.B.Every 15 minutes.C.Every 20 minutes.D.Every 30 minutes. BDaniel Boone was born in the United States in 1734. He didn't go toschool and couldn't read, although he learned all about the forests, streams and hunting. He could move silently like an Indian leaving no marks. He loved to live alone in the woods where nothing frightened him.When he grew up, he married and tried to settle down on a farm. Ayear later, however, he wasn't satisfied and decided to go into the unknown western lands, crossing the Appalachian Mountains. When he returned after two years, he became famous for his long journey. He brought valuable animal skins and told stories about the Indians.After this, he chose to keep travelling to unknown places. Once helost to the Indians in battle and was taken away. The Indians liked him and became his friends. Daniel Boone died at the age of 86. He is remembered as an explorer(探险者)and a pioneer wholived an exciting life in the early years of American nation.4.Daniel Boone's early life was mainly spent in ______ .A.learning about natureB.hunting with his friendsC.learning useful skills from the IndiansD.studying at home because he couldn't go to school5. When he got married, Daniel Boone first planned to ______.A. set up a large farmB.go on a journey with his wifeC. find food, new land for his farmD.live a peaceful life with his family6. Daniel Boone became famous because ______ .A.he travelled a lot in the western landsB.he was very good at telling storiesC.he found better animal skins than othersD.he was the first to climb the Appalachian Mountains7. In this article, Daniel Boone is best described as ______ .A. warm-heartedB.strongC.carefulD.braveCI love to read before I go to sleep. It usually makes me feel calm. But a big part of this depends on what I read. I love to read Oor Wullie and The Broons. Very often I’m smiling before I go to sleep.I decide to write about this in a blog because I find that so many of us go to sleep with stress. Before we go to sleep, we may run over the day in our minds, and worry about tomorrow. We also may watch the news on TV, the news on our smart phones or tablets, or even answer work emails. But the news is rarely proclaiming (宣告) all the things that are happening in the world and work emails make us feel that we’re still at work. All these things may leave us a stressful sleep.Oor Wullie and The Broons are not the only things I ever read at night. I sometimes read novels but, with the odd exception, I mostly avoid anything that is too mentally taxing or stimulating late at night unless it’s something that inspires me or is clearly helpful in my life.And even if I do read something mentally stimulating, when I feel myself getting tired I lay that book down and pick up trusty old Oor Wullie or The Broons for the last 10 or 15 minutes.Doing this makes my mind quiet and helps ensure that I get a peaceful sleep. Reading about Wullie or Maw and Paw Broon is like a comfort blanket for me.I’d suggest you find light-hearted reading as a comfort blanket at bedtime,especially if you find yourself stressed or depressed a lot of the time,or if you find difficulty winding at the end of a day. It is the thing that can gently turn your attention towards lightness and ease.If your material makes you laugh, then you may feel even better. Several studies show that laughter boosts happy chemicals in the brain. It strengthens the immune system, it’s good for the heart, and it is most definitely good for mental health. It even helps us improve our relationships. And if you do happen to pick up a copy of Oor Wullie or The Broons, I hope you find it just as entertaining as I do.8.What can we learn about Oor Wullie and The Broons?A.They make people run over the past days.B.They are the best books to be read before people sleep.C.They are extremely popular with young people.D.They make people feel relaxed and happy.9.What can we know from the text?A.Oor Wullie and The Broons are the author’s favorite books.B.A comfortable blanket makes people go to sleep easily.C.The author sometimes reads something about inspiration.D.Reading something stimulating at night helps get a peaceful sleep.10.What is Paragraph 6 mainly about?A.What material brings us laughter.B.How laughter affects our health.C.What benefits laughter brings to us.D.Why laughter is good for us.11.What’s the main purpose of the text?A.To show the importance of reading before sleeping.B.To prove the importance of a good mood before sleeping.C.To tell us how to make ourselves stay relaxed before sleeping.D.To explain how to choose a book worthy to be read before sleeping.DPollution’s serious effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years. Most scientists agree that efforts are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.As we know, the construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution. So green buildings are in great need.The environmental benefits of green buildings include the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity (生物多样性),improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams and the protection of natural resources. Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality, improving the health of people who live there.The process of building green houses includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mind. Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw. In addition, recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings, reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials long distances.Careful site selection is important to minimize (使减少到最低限度) human effects on the surrounding environment. For example, placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes (微风) and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses. More energy and expenses are needed for larger buildings as well, so it is important to build the small ones.Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs. These roofs are partially or completely covered with plants, which helps to keep heating and cooling costs low, prevent water running off and deal with pollutants. Other features of green buildings often include energy and water protection, recycling and waste reduction. In addition, renewable energy sources such as solar power, water power and wind power are used for heat and electricity, which greatly reduces costs and decreases the influence on the environment.12.What can we know about green buildings?A.Producing no waste.B.Only using clean energy.C.Being made of new materials.D.Being environment-friendly.13. What is a green building probably like according to the fifth paragraph?A. Large.B. Small.C. Green.D. Low.14. What is the purpose of using green roofs?A.To fit the environment.B.To keep warm.C.To collect nature water.D.To reduce costs.15. What is the text mainly about?A. Promoting energy efficiency.B. Environmental benefits.C. Green buildings.D. Ecosystems and biodiversity.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）How to avoid a boring conversationWhat excuses should you use to avoid talking to people you don’t want to talk to? Here are tips and in offensive ways to get out of unwanted conversations.1.Go for a refill (续杯).It is natural for anyone at a party to be excused to get a refill.16And once you excuse yourself, make a move fast before the person requests you to get a refill for him as well.2. Pretend bad mood.Cut off the conversation before it starts by saying something along the lines of “I’m not in a good mood. Can I talk to you later if you don’t mind?17Say it firmly so that people get the message loud and clear.3. Ask your friend to save you.18Simply text your friend and ask him or her to come for apparently something important. You will be able to skip a boring chat with a seemingly reasonable excuse.4. 19You are advised to look away from that person and don’t make eye contact, so that you can give powerful hints (暗示) that you find the conversation extremely boring. 20Be sure to tune in to the conversation every now and then so you don’t come across as rude.A. Behave in an obviously careless way.B. Just be sure that the person you are talking to does not offer to accompany you to do so.C. Don’t act too polite in an attempt to draw sympathy.D. Use body language to indicate boredom.E. Your friend is bound to perform brilliantly in coping with the dull one.F. Look elsewhere and pretend that something else has caught your attention.G. Stuck in an unwanted conversation, how do you get out of it?第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middleschool I attended in the ninth grade. She wasn’t my21; she was the adviser to the safety patrol (巡逻队) on which I22. I loved being around her and23her sense of humor and kind personality. She was 24 a good listener.At the end of the year, she25that she was moving to Florida, and Iwas very sad. We exchanged26and became pen pals. I could tell her 27, and she treated me28respect even though I was a teenager.In Florida, Mrs.Freeman became a Realtor (房地产经纪人), 29she managed to find time to write letters. She wrote30stories and always took my concerns 31 . She had given me a (n)32invitation to visit, and I missed her so much. When I33to take her up on the 34, she answered, “Get your shoes on and your bags35! You are welcome anytime!”I spent three weeks with her in Miami. Her 36of poetry, music,and creative writing37me to follow these endeavors (努力). One day38hanging sheets on the clothesline, she39and said, “You know,the sky is fuel for the soul.” I had never looked at the40before hearing those words. Two years later, I received a call that Mrs. Freeman had passed away.21. A.mother B.friend C.classmate D.teacher22. A.served B.advised C.expected D.led23. A.shared B.enjoyed C.imagined D.found24. A.never B.just C.still D.also25. A.knew B.announced C.thought D.realized26. A.addresses B.gifts C.views D.roles27. A.many B.much C.everything D.something28. A.in B.as C.with D.to29. A.so B.but C.or D.for30. A.amusing B.different C.emotional D.ordinary31. A.immediately B.carefully C.seriously D.privately32. A.urgent B.lucky C.ambiguous D.open33. A.decided B.hesitated C.wrote D.hurried34. A.offer B.promise C.excuse D.message35. A.bought B.found C.filled D.packed36. A.love B.dream C.sense D.feeling37. A.persuaded B.encouraged C.forced D.allowed38. A.before B.once C.while D.after39. A.looked over B.looked out C.looked up D.looked down40. A.clouds B.flowers C.people D.houses第Ⅱ卷第二节语法填空（给出词的填词的正确形式，没有给出词的填冠词，介词，连词或副词。
江苏省四市2018届高三下学期教学情况调研(一)英语试卷含答案
江苏省苏锡常镇四市2018届高三教学情况调研（一）英语试题第一卷(选择题共85分)第一部分: 听力(共两节，满分20 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5 小题;每小题1分，满分5 分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman think of the restaurant?A. It is noisy.B. It is quiet.C. It is terrible.2. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Mother and child.B. Teacher and student.C. Husband and wife.3. What does the woman advise the man to do?A. See her favorite band.B. Go to the concert.C.Do experiments in the lab.4. What most probably causes the woman’s headache?A. Too little seep.B. The strong sunshine.C. Too much medicine.5. What does the man mean?A. The woman can use his glasses.B. The dictionary is not ofmuch help.C. He has to use a pair ofglasses.第二节(共15 小题; 每小题1分，满分15 分)听下面5 段对话或独白。
2018届高三英语下学期第一次大检测试题
陕西省黄陵中学高新部2018届高三英语下学期第一次大检测试题第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共100分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分)第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman like best?A. Water.B. Coffee.C. Tea.2.What are die speakers talking about?A. A market research.B. A job interview.C. An exam paper.3.What was the woman doing?A. Looking for something.B. Admiringa building.C. Selling flowers.4. What will the man probably do?A. Prepare for a test.B. Go to meet friends.C. Rest at home.5. What did the man buy yesterday?A. Shirts.B. Trousers.C. Shoes.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. How is the man probably feeling now?A. Sorry.B. Angry.C. Worried.7. What does the woman want to do?A. Try on some new dresses.B. Wait outside with friends.C. Buy the man something.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
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江苏省徐州市2018届高三下学期第一次质量检测英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the theater?A. On Martin’s Lane.B. On Maple Street.C. On Craven Street.2. What seems to be the man’s hobby?A. Watching TV.B. Reading books.C. Talking on the WeChat.3. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Avoid on-sale thingsB. Wait until the weekend.C. Get better shampoo.4. When will the speakers probably meet?A. On Wednesday afternoon.B. On Thursday afternoon.C. On Friday afternoon.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Employer and employee.C. Customer and manager.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What has the man been doing this afternoon?A. Mending the washing machine.B. Looking for a laundry shop.C. Doing some cleaning.7. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?A. Friends.B. Husband and wife.C. Customer and clerk.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Which are today’s specials?A. Noodles and pasta.B. Juicy steak and fried chicken.C. Noodles and fresh garden salad.9. How does the man like his steak cooked?A. Rare.B. Medium.C. Well done.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How much will the woman pay a month on average if she pays yearly?A. $270.B. $285.C. $295.11. How can the woman pay the rent?A. By credit card.B. By check.C. By cash.12. What day is it today?A. Monday.B. Tuesday.C. Wednesday.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where did the woman work in Finland?A. In a language center.B. In a restaurant.C. In a hotel.14. Why does the woman come to England?A. To do some sightseeing.B. To study English.C. To enrich her experience.15. What position does the man offer?A. Ordinary Waiter.B. Head Waiter.C. Manager.16. How long does the man want the woman to work to show her ability?A. Some ten minutes.B. Around half an hour.C. About forty minutes.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where did the speaker come from?A. Scotland.B. England.C. Switzerland.18. What was the weather like on the first day when the speaker arrived?A. Clear and warm.B. Warm but foggy.C. Windy but cloudless.19. How did the speaker feel at the first sight of the gardens?A. Surprised at the ill management.B. Amazed at the beauty of the gardens.C. Shocked at the convenience of the paths.20. What was the season when the speaker came to the city?A. Early summer.B. Early winter.C. Early spring.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21. The idea of green packaging has received wide since the governmentannounced specific goals to green the delivery industry.A. currencyB. creativityC. cooperationD. criterion22. —Will you take over at the next service area? I want a short rest.—Sure. You for over four hours by then.A. have drivenB. have been drivingC. will be drivingD. will have been driving23. Save your apology for you really make everything a mess.A. unlessB. onceC. whenD. though24. Big data is the driving force behind this zone’s development, a steady streamof new big data construction projects constantly .A. being introducedB. introducingC. having introducedD. to be introduced25. The year-end season is the best time not just to reflect on your personal achievements but also to the lessons you missed.A. live up toB. split off fromC. push ahead withD. catch up on26. Feng Xiaoga ng’s latest film Youth, now a box o ffice hit, scheduled forrelease on Sept 29, was held back for two months.A. casuallyB. originallyC. temporarilyD. eventually27. China has been working to the legal landscape for autonomous vehicles, which are on a highway to commercial availability.A. clarifyB. accelerateC. transmitD. preserve28. Several melon stalls were below the window and above them with a big clock on top of it.A. was the Telecom TowerB. were the Telecom TowerC. the Telecom Tower wasD. the Telecom Tower were29. The staff were when the company announced a fat bonus for everyone.A. in the redB. as white as a sheetC. tickled pinkD. in the black30. During the Singles Day in 2017, the sales of Chinese e-commerce giants such asAlibaba outnumbered of Black Friday and Cyber Monday in the US.A. thatB. thoseC. thisD. it31. I my luggage in a locker at the station, saving the trouble of draggingit around when shopping.A. drainedB. depositedC. distributedD. delivered32. the fact that your payment misses the deadline, you’ll have to pay a fine according to the contract.A. In possession ofB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. In view of33. In western countries, only the completely innocent or the determinedly blind could believe that any government activity near to election time electoral implications.A. hasn’t hadB. didn’t haveC. doesn’t haveD. hadn’t had34. —I had my computer stolen in my office, but luckily the police got it back tome.—How unbelievable! The thief it.A. need have soldB. might have soldC. should have soldD. must have sold35. —My colleague is always trying to persuade me to buy goods I dislike at YunJiAPP.—Sounds terrible. I mean, .A. life is a horse, and either you ride it or it rides youB. the car will find its way round the hill when it gets thereC. take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselvesD. you may take a horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）My mother has always been involved in early-childhood education. She often setthe scene for children to 36 the joy of physical activity, getting them excited and 37 to learn.Mum was so proud of me after I 38 the triathlon at the 2000 Olympics, but before the dust 39 , she grabbed me, saying: “Now this is your 40 . Use it.” She wasn’t speaking from an economic point of view but talking about the 41 of my being a role model, encouraging kids to 42 their dreams.Since the Olympics, I have 43 more than 100 schools. I talk to the kids about“living a life less 44 ,” a concept passed on to me by my parents—the idea of45 being average. I tell them that what you believe, you will 46 .As I was a kid, my mother came to every 47 —not to pressure me but to 48 me.One of my favorite sports-related memories was when I was 49 in the CanadianTriathlon Championships. As I ran by a big truck, I saw my mother 50 on top of oneof its huge wheels, cheering for me. I find it sad when people say their parents have never seen them 51 .When I was at the University, I completed only one semester and then decided to52 so I could race professionally full-time. Mum was the first person I called. Itwas a 53 moment. I wasn’ｔ sure how she would react.“Mum, I have this opportunity, and I think I’m going to take it. What do youthink?”She was as 54 as ever. It turned out to be a good 55 . Supporting your children, trusting their decisions, giving well-thought-out advice—those are definitely important qualities.36. A. experience B. evaluate C. express D. expect37. A. afraid B. ready C. relaxed D. reluctant38. A. won B. chose C. played D. watched39. A. rose B. settled C. flew D. appeared40. A. luck B. tune C. crossroad D. opportunity41. A. demand B. happiness C. courage D. importance42. A. display B. follow C. appreciate D. abandon43. A. served B. attended C. visited D. started44. A. energetic B. colorful C. miserable D. ordinary45. A. never B. always C. seldom D. usually46. A. neglect B. achieve C. suspect D. assume47. A. practice B. school C. game D. kindergarten48. A. support B. reward C. instruct D. comfort49. A. surfing B. jumping C. jogging D. running50. A. sitting B. speaking C. standing D. performing51. A. compete B. succeed C. separate D. compromise52. A. drop m B. drop off C. drop out D. drop back53. A. magic B. nervous C. critical D. serious54. A. attractive B. talkative C. imaginative D.supportive55. A. consideration B. intention C. suggestion D.decision第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。