定语从句之关系代词(1)

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人教必修一Unit 4 定语从句之关系代词(解析版)

人教必修一Unit 4 定语从句之关系代词(解析版)

第09练定语从句之关系代词定语从句的先行词和关系词在复合句中作定语,修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句由关系词引导。

限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,若省略,主句的内容就不完整或失去意义;它和主句的关系十分密切,不可用逗号分开。

先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。

关系词指代先行词,在从句中作一定的句子成分。

引导定语从句的关系代词有which,that,who,whom,whose,as等。

先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分,从构成上而言,它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语等;从句子成分上而言,它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语等。

下面,我们从两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布:1.关系代词that即指人又指物;作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)只用于限制性定语从句中,介词后面不能跟that。

当代替物时,可以与which通用。

Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that I gave her.昨天艾米丽穿了我送给她的新衣服。

I have a friend that likes listening to classical music我有个朋友喜欢听古典音乐。

2.关系代词which指物;作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)在非限定性定语从句中,只宜用which,不能用that.在限定性定语从句中,可用在介词之后。

My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old我的父母住在一座具有100多年历史的房子里who,whom指人;作主语或宾语(whom常可省略)先行词必须为人。

Who可代替在从句中担任宾语的whom,若前有介词,须用whomA couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV.“A couch potato”指那种成天沉湎于电视中的人。

人教必修一unit 4 定语从句(Ⅰ)-关系代词的用法

人教必修一unit 4 定语从句(Ⅰ)-关系代词的用法

头的特殊疑问句时。
last night?
他昨晚住的是哪家旅馆?
当关系词在从句中作表语时,China isn’t the country (that) it
用hat,而且常省略。如: used to be.
中国不再是以前的中国了。
当主句是以there is. here is.it There is a table in the corner that is
no, every等不定代词修饰时。
几乎没有你能做的工作。
当先行词由人、物等表示并列的词构 They talked about the men and the things that
成时。
they saw.
他们谈到了所见的人和事。
【知识点解析】
当 主 句 是 以 which 或 who 开 Which is the hotel that he stayed at
(作宾语时可省 跟that。
昨天艾米丽穿了我送给她的新衣服。
略)
当代替物时,可以与 I have a friend that likes listening to classical
which通用。
music.
我有个朋友喜欢听古典音乐。
指物;作主语或 在非限定性定语从句 My parents live in a house which is more than 100
若 前 有 介 词 , 须 用 人。
whom
The student (whom) I taught two years ago has
joined the army. 我两年前教的那个学生已经参军了。
whose
既 指 人 又 指 物 ;是代词的所有格,

定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)

定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)

精品资料欢迎下载定语从句(一)1.概念:在主从复合句中,修饰句中某一名词或代词,充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句,叫做定语从句。

2.先行词:在总从复合句中,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。

3.关系代词:即连接主句与从句的词。

4.关系代词包括:that(即可指人也可指物), which(只指物), who(只指人,宾格whom及所有格whose)5.主从复合句表现形式:e.g. I like the dress which (my mother bought for me). (我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。

)先行词主句从句6.关系代词的用法①连接主句语从句②代替先行词③在从句中做成份(如:做主语,宾语等)7.关系代词在从句中做宾语及主语成分举例e.g. (王叔叔就是我昨天拜访的那个男的)中国是一个有着久远历史的国家。

)8.关系代词引导的定语从句(在从句中做成分)⑴which: 在从句中做主语,宾语。

①做主语:They planted the flowers which (didn't need much water).(他们种植了不需要太多水的花)②作宾语:I will never forget the days which (I spent(我将永远不会忘记我与你的家人度过的那几天)⑵who: 在从句中做主语,宾语。

①做主语:The teacher who ((昨天去看我的那个老师是李先生。

)②作宾语:The girl who/whom (I talked with(我刚才与之讲话的那个女孩将要去北京。

)⑶whose: 在从句中做定语(主语可以是人,也可以是物)。

①作定语(先行词为人):He is the boy whose (father is a doctor).(他就是那个他爸爸是医生的男孩)②作定语(先行词为物): I want to buy the house whose (window face south).(我想买那个窗户面向南方的房子)⑷that:可在从句中做主语,宾语(即可指人,也可指物)。

定语从句关系代词的讲解

定语从句关系代词的讲解

关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主、宾、表,定等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

(1)只代人的关系代词1)who, 只代人,在从句中主要作主语,有时在口语中也可以代替whom作宾语。

例如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who在从句中作主语)He is the man [who(=whom)/that] I saw yesterday.(who在从句中作宾语,可省)2) whom只代人,在从句中作只作宾语。

例如John is the students (whom/who/that) we all like.(2)只代物的关系代词which代物,或代前面的句子,在从句中可作主语、宾语。

例如:You’d better not drink water which has not been boiled. (主)This is the place (which ) I visited last year. (宾)He has been admitted into the key university, which makes his family very happy . (主)(3)既代人又代物的关系代词1)that 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语。

例如:Is he the man that wants to see you?(that代人,在从句中作主语)This is the book (that) I bought yesterday. (that代物,在从句中作宾语,可省)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be. ( that 在从句中作表语)2)whose只用作定语, 且后面一定跟名词,还可以同of whom / of which互换)This is the person whose name is Li Ming.(= the name of whom = of whom the name )This is the room whose windows face south .( = the windows of which = of which the windows )The boss in whose company my mother worked looked down upon women .。

定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句(1)

定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句(1)

定语从句(一)--------关系代词的用法一.定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。

关系词有三个作用:1、引导定语从句;2、代替先行词;3、在定语从句中担当一个成分。

二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who, whom和whose,关系副词包括where, when, why等。

三、关系代词的用法部分特殊先行词的关系词选择Marylikesmusicthat isquiet andgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.(that作宾语)The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. (作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. (作宾语)3.who指人在从句中做主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:The boys who areplaying football are from Class One.翻译:指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常用who代替,可省略。

例如:Mr. Ling is just the man whomI want to see.翻译:5..whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow2. 关系词只能用that的情况:a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时;例如:He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。

定语从句(关系代词)

定语从句(关系代词)

定语从句(1)一、1.什么是定语?This is a red apple.He is a handsome tall man.This is the factory near our school.This is a basket full of fruits.所以定语是___________________ 一般_______________在前____________在后.2.什么是从句?I said that I would go there the next dayDo you know where the bus station is?那么从句必须有_____________ + __________3.这就是那个妇女_____________________.那个妇女昨天帮了我。

________________________________.这就是昨天帮我的那个妇女。

___________________________________________.1、定语从句的定义:在复合句中,修饰某一个名词或代词的陈述句叫做定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。

引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。

▲结构:先行词+ 关系词+ 定语从句The man who is sitting there is a doctor.先行词关系词关系词作用:1、连接先行词和定语从句;2、意义与先行词一致,即代替先行词在从句中充当句子成分。

▲限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。

形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。

e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)▲怎样判断是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句?答:非限制性定语从句的先行词和关系词中间有逗号。

定语从句的关系代词

定语从句的关系代词

定语从句的关系代词定语从句是指用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句,它通常通过关系代词来引导。

在英语中,关系代词有who、whom、whose、which和that等。

1. who:指人,作主语或宾语。

例如:who:指人,作主语或宾语。

例如:- The boy who is standing over there is my brother.(那个站在那边的男孩是我弟弟。

)who is standing over there is my brother.(那个站在那边的男孩是我弟弟。

)- The teacher whom we met yesterday is very nice.(昨天我们遇到的那位老师很好。

)whom we met yesterday is very nice.(昨天我们遇到的那位老师很好。

)- The boy, whose father is a doctor, is my classmate.(那个父亲是医生的男孩是我同学。

)whose father is a doctor, is my classmate.(那个父亲是医生的男孩是我同学。

)2. which:指物,作主语或宾语。

例如:which:指物,作主语或宾语。

例如:- The book which is on the table belongs to me.(桌子上的那本书是我的。

)which is on the table belongs to me.(桌子上的那本书是我的。

)- I bought a car which is very expensive.(我买了一辆非常昂贵的车。

)which is very expensive.(我买了一辆非常昂贵的车。

)- The house, whose windows are broken, needs repair.(窗户破碎了的那座房子需要修理。

)whose windows are broken, needs repair.(窗户破碎了的那座房子需要修理。

定语从句之关系代词用法

定语从句之关系代词用法

定语从句之关系代词用法(II)引导定语从句的关系代词有:who、whom(指人)、which(指物)、that、whose (人物双指)。

其各自用法如下:一、who、whom及whosewho、whom、whose作为关系代词既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句,其先行词主要指人,其中whose也可指物。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时用who,作宾语或表语时用whom或who,表示所属关系时用whose。

1.、.who和whom的区别:不能用whom在从句中作主语,只能作宾语或表语。

而who作主语、宾语、表语均可。

例如:a) The girl who we supposed was drowned came back.= The girl who , we supposed , was drowned came back.b) The girl who/whom we supposed drowned came back.(2)whom在作动词或介词宾语时,特别是在口语中,一般省去,或用who、that 代替。

而在以介词结尾的定语从句中最好不用whom。

例如:a) I think you should stay faithful to the person whom you're married to . (×)上面一句一般被认为是不正确的,宜改为:b) I think you should stay faithful to the person who/that you’re married to .(口语中)c) I think you should stay faithful to the person you’re married to .d) I think you should stay faithful to the person to whom you’re married .(正式文体中)(3)在非限制性定语从句中,最好whom用作宾语,且不能省略。

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定语从句I关系代词
定义:在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫做定语从句。

基本构成:先行词+关系间+定语从句。

先行词:它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。

关系词:连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句,同时指代先行词,并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。

引导定语从句的关系词有两类:关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。

一、关系代词的用法
1.who指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。

Here comes the girl who wants to see you.
想见你的那个女孩过来了。

(作主语)
Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins.
丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。

(作宾语)
2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。

Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.
罗丝是你应该关心的人。

(作宾语)
3.whose可修饰人,也可修饰物,表"所属"关系,whose在定语从句中作定语。

I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.
我认识那个人,他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。

(作定语)
4.which指事物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。

China is a country which has a long history.
中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。

5.that既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。

习惯上指人多用who, whom,指物多用which.
The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。

(that指人,作主语)
The suitcase that lies on the ground is hers.
地上放的那个手提箱是她的。

(that指物,作主语)
二、只能用that而不用which引导定语从句的情况
1.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the most delicious food that I have ever had,这是我吃过的最美味的食品。

2.先行词是不定代词,如all, little, few, much, everything, anything, nothing, none 等时。

有关这个专题的任何资料都请寄给我们。

All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做了。

3.先行词被all, any, every, no, the only, the very, the last等修饰时。

Please send us any information that you have about the subject.
The only thing that she could do was go to the police for help.
4.有两个或两个以上先行词,既指人又指物时。

Sometimes we should ignore the persons and thingsthat upset us.
有时,我们不应该理会让我们不快的人和事。

5.当主句是以who, which开头的特殊疑问句时。

Which of the books that you bought is the most useful for my writing?
你买的书中哪一本对我的写作最有用?
三、只能用which而不用that引导定语从句的情况
1.引导非限制性定语从句时。

Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
足球,一项非常有趣的运动,在全世界得到了普及。

2.当关系代词前有介词时。

This is the house in which Mo Yan once lived,这就是莫言曾经住过的房子。

3.当先行间本身就是that时。

That which you told him about is what we want to know.
你告诉他的事情就是我们想知道的。

4.在限制性定语从句中,如果有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系间是that,那么另一句的关系词就需用which.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newlyopen. 让我给你看看我从新开放的图书馆借来的小说。

四、只能用who而不用that引导定语从句的情况
1.先行词是指人的不定代词时,如one, anyone, no one, all, nobody, anybody, none 等。

The students you should learn from are those who graduate from top universities.
你应该学习的是那些从名牌大学毕业的学生。

2.在There be结构中,先行词指人时。

There is a young lady who is in a state of shock.
有位年轻女士休克了。

3.一个句子中带有两个定语从句时,其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that,另一个
宜用who.(指人时)
The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.
1.as用作关系代词,既可指人,也可指物。

在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。

它常用在the same...as...,such...as...,as...as…等句型中,as不能省略。

Such teachers as know Tom think him very bright.
认识汤姆的老师都认为他很聪明。

I'll buy the same dictionary as you have.
2.as引导非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句的内容。

从句可放在主句前、主句后或主句中间。

As you know, she is a stubborn girl, and I can't persuade her to change her mind.
你知道,她是一个倔强的女孩,我不能说服她改变主意。

My grandfather is fond of talking about the good old days, as is often the case with old people,。

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