牛津译林版八年级下Unit4 Grammar教学课件
must的否定形式是must not，其缩写为 mustn’t，表示禁止，意思是“不能， 不许”。 have to的否定形式是do not have to，其 缩写为don’t have to。 You mustn’t make any noise in class. 上课时你们不许吵闹。 You don’t have to water the flowers. For it is going to rain. 你们不必浇花了，因为要下雨了。
vi. 交；递，给 上交，递交 ……等等 n. 评论 vt. 归还 准时 vt. 续借；更新；重新开始
Fill in the blanks. 1. Some dogs just don’t know ___________ how to have fun. what to wear 2. I’m thinking about ____________. how to spend the 3. I was just wondering ____________ morning … 4. I _____ must go to the greengrocer's. 5. He has a bad cold, Mr. Williams, so he must stay in bed for a week. _____ have to go up again. 6. Eddie, I think we _______
不定式可以和疑问代词who, what, which 及疑问副词when, how, where等连用，构 成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、 表语等。 must表示主观的义务和必要，意思是“必 须，得，要”，否定形式是must not; must还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一 定”。 have to表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不 得不”，否定形式是do not have to。
II. 选用how, which, what, when, where填空。 1. When I go into the clothes shop, I which one to buy. always can’t decide ______ how 2. My grandfather doesn’t know ______ to use a computer. 3. --- Will you please show me _____ how to drive a car? --- Yes, of course. Now let me tell you what to do first. _____ 4. I will tell Lucy ______ when and _______ where to meet.
3. — This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me ______, Wang Lin? — Sure. (2008陕西) A. what to work it out B. what to work out it C. how to work it out D. how to work out it
5. The math problem is so hard. I really don’t know ______. (2012甘肃鸡西) A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it 6. — Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ get to the nearest post office? — Sorry, I am new here. (2013山东威海) A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can
9. — Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green? — Yes, I'm afraid we ______. That's the traffic rule. (2013河南) A. can B. may C. have to D. need 10. Students in our school ______ know shouting is not allowed in the library. (2013山东莱芜) A. can B. may C. must D. need
III. 看图完成句子。
I must work hard at my lessons. 我必须努力学习功课。(主观意愿） I have to look after mother at home. For she is ill. 我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。(客观 需要） It is getting dark. He has to go home now. 天快黑了。他现在得回家了。(客观需要）
Using must and have to
must与have to是两个常用的情态动词， 两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时，应注 意两词间的差别。
must 表示主语“有义务”的“必须”做 某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于 肯定句和疑问句；must 还可以表示肯定 推测，意思是“一定”。
have to 强调的是客观需要，意思是“不 得不”。have to 有人称和数的变化。
有些动词，如advise, ask, show, teach, tell 等，其后可以接双宾语。 The teacher told the students how to do the experiment. 老师告诉学生如何做实验。 Can you show me how to make a paper boat? 你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？
I don’t know what ______ next. A. will do B. doing C. do D. to do — Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? — Yes, you ______. A. must B. can C. may D. need
The young woman doesn’t know what to do. 那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。 I don’t know what to say. 我不知道说什么。 We must know how to operate the machine. 我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。 We want to learn how to write plays. 我们想要学习如何写剧本。
7. — Excuse me. Could you please tell me ______ my car? — Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you. (2013山东青岛) A. how to stop B. where to park C. where to stop D. when to park 8. — ______ I swim here? — I’m sorry. Children ______ swim alone here. (2012广东) A. Must; can’t B. May; must C. Can; mustn’t D. Can’t; can
以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习 对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解， 下面就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选 words + to-infinitives
我们可以用“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构 作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词when, how, where 等。常和“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构连 用的动词和动词短语有：tell, show, think, learn, know, wonder, decide, remember, forget, understand, see, hear, ask, advise, explain, find out等。
I. 单项选择。
1. I’m going on a field trip but I haven’t decided ______. (2007河南) A. what to do B. to do what C. where to go D. to go where 2. Excuse me. Would you please tell me ______ buy a digital camera? (2007安徽) A. what to B. where to C. what I can D. where can I
Unit 4 A good read
Grammar
To learn to use question words + toinfinitives To learn to use must and have to
Words and phrases review
hand hand in and so on review return on time renew
有些疑问词，如what, which, whose, how many, how much等，其后可以先接一个 名词，再接动词不定式。 I don’t know which topic to choose. 我不知道选哪个题目。 在“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构前，有 时也可以是如sure, clear等的形容词。 I am not sure which way to take. 我不确定走哪条路。
“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构在句中
还 可以作主语和表语。 How to use the machine is a question. （作主语） The question is when to go there. （作表语）
“疑问词 + 动词不定式”作宾语时，相 当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。 Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the bookshop? = Excuse me. Can you tell me how I can get to the bookshop? 注意： 所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不 定式连用。
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牛津译林版八年级下unit4 Grammar (共27张PPT)
8B U4 Grammar
New words
交、递、给 hand 上交、递给 hand in and so on …等等 评论 review 归还 return give back on time 准时 renew 续借，更新，重新开始
Questions
1. What did Gulliver do after their ship crashed against the rocks? 2. What did the tiny men look like? 3. Did Gulliver catch what the tiny man say? 4. Gulliver knew what to say to the tiny man, right? 5. Did Gulliver know how to get away ?
把下列句子改成简单句
1. The old lady found out where she could buy fruit cheaply. The old lady found out where ___________ to buy
fruit cheaply.
2. Will you show us how we can make a
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Simon does not know what _____ to do (do).
2. Sandy wants to know where ______ to ask
(ask) for advice.
3. Millie does not know how _______ to solve
the two bears discuss how do wie discussing how to deal with Head Strong
New words
交、递、给 hand 上交、递给 hand in and so on …等等 评论 review 归还 return give back on time 准时 renew 续借，更新，重新开始
Questions
1. What did Gulliver do after their ship crashed against the rocks? 2. What did the tiny men look like? 3. Did Gulliver catch what the tiny man say? 4. Gulliver knew what to say to the tiny man, right? 5. Did Gulliver know how to get away ?
把下列句子改成简单句
1. The old lady found out where she could buy fruit cheaply. The old lady found out where ___________ to buy
fruit cheaply.
2. Will you show us how we can make a
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Simon does not know what _____ to do (do).
2. Sandy wants to know where ______ to ask
(ask) for advice.
3. Millie does not know how _______ to solve
the two bears discuss how do wie discussing how to deal with Head Strong
牛津译林版八年级英语下册同步课件 Unit 4 Grammar 2 课件
6. You don’t have tobring your student card every time you
go to the library, but remember to bring your library car.
Homework
e ‘must, have to’ to make more sentences.
Get the students to make up new sentences using “have to”.
Complete the following sentences with ‘must, mustn’t,
have to,You must 2. You must
Study is very important. So we must study hard. We mustn’t talk in class.
Get the students to make up new sentences using “must”.
We use have to when the situation makes something necessary.
Gulliver was tied to the ground. He has to lie on the ground. He doesn’t have to shout at the tiny men.
Grandma is ill. She has to see the doctor.
She doesn’t have to worry about herself.
牛津译林版八年级英语下册同步课件
Unit 4 A good read
Grammar 2
八年级英语译林版下册Unit4_Grammar_精品课件
1. 她叫我待在这儿。 She asked me to stay here.
2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。 Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.
适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括： “know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember，think, wonder, understand”等。 有点值得特别注意的是：当这结构当宾语时， 它的作用等于名词分句，例如： (1) I could not decide which dictionary to buy. / I could not decide which dictionary I should buy.
注意
B. 动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加
not.
My father decided not to take up the job. The teacher told us not to be late again.
注意
C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to 前加疑
问词。
Mr. Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book?
Have you told him where to get the application form?
注意
A to .有些动词后面的不定式不带 ，如feel（一感）
hear, listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）. I heard them sing a pop song . The teacher made me answer the question. We watched them play football .
2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。 Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.
适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括： “know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember，think, wonder, understand”等。 有点值得特别注意的是：当这结构当宾语时， 它的作用等于名词分句，例如： (1) I could not decide which dictionary to buy. / I could not decide which dictionary I should buy.
注意
B. 动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加
not.
My father decided not to take up the job. The teacher told us not to be late again.
注意
C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to 前加疑
问词。
Mr. Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book?
Have you told him where to get the application form?
注意
A to .有些动词后面的不定式不带 ，如feel（一感）
hear, listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）. I heard them sing a pop song . The teacher made me answer the question. We watched them play football .
牛津译林版八年级下unit4Grammar (共42张PPT)
Task1
Are you willing to bring your books and share with others at the reading week? We should know_______
a. b. c. d. how to introduce your books who to give your books to what to write down when to bring books
All question words can be used in this way, except “why” × Suzy will explain why to recommend
this book.
√ Suzy will explain why she recommends
this book.
Task3
Unit 4 A good Read
Grammar
Free talk
1.What type of books do you like? 2.Where can you see so many kinds of books?
We need some students to help us organize our Reading Week. If you are interested in it, pleases tell Miss Duan. Don’t wait any more! Come on!
and so on(等等)
……
I only care about what to eat. I just want to introduce foodie guider .
Foodie guider is a useful book. It’s all about what to eat. There is also a map at the end of the book. It tells you where to find nice food . It also shows you which bus to take.
牛津译林版八年级英语下册unit4 Grammar优质课课件
Practice
1. 用must/must not/have to/do not have to造句。
(1). Let’s work out some class rules using must/must not/have to/do not have to.
2. 完成课本P56练习 课课练P39二
12、首先是教师品格的陶冶，行为的教育，然后才是专门知识和技能的训练。 13、在教师手里操着幼年人的命运，便操着民族和人类的命运。2022/5/52022/5/5May 5, 2022 14、孩子在快乐的时候，他学习任何东西都比较容易。 15、人自身有一种力量，用许多方式按照本人意愿控制和影响这种力量，一旦他这样做，就会影响到对他的教育和对他发生作用的环境。
gate like sure or clear
before a question word.
1.WGe muuisdt oebeTy swchoool rules when we’re at school. What school
rules do we have? What mustn’t we do?
(1). We must wear school uniforms. (2). We must get up on time. (3). We must keep quiet in the classroom. (4). We mustn’t be late for class. (5). We mustn’t throw rubbish on the ground.
(3).Daniel自学如何使用电脑画画。
Daniel ___ta_u_g_h_t _hi_m_s_e_lf__ho_w__t_o_u_s_e__a computer to draw.
牛津译林版八年级下Unit4 Grammar 2课件(共11张ppt)
I forgot__w_h_a_t_to__d_o__. 6. 我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。
I can tell you_w_h_e_r_e_t_o_b_u_y_(_g_e_t)_t_h_is__b_o_o.k
1. ——Mum, may I watch TV now?
——No, you _____B______ finish your homework first.
D. hadn’t to
3. Yesterday it rained heavily when school was over. We
_____c____ stay in our classroom.
A. must
B. should
C. had to
D. need
4. ——I can’t stop playing computer games.
•
14、抱最大的希望，作最大的努力。2021年5月2日 星期日2021/5/22021/5/22021/5/2
•
15、一个人炫耀什么，说明他内心缺 少什么 。。2021年5月 2021/5/22021/5/22021/5/25/2/2021
•
16、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2021/5/22021/5/2May 2, 2021
不，你不必。/不，你不需要。
二、have to 的用法： have to 表客观的需要和义务， must表主观的认识。
他得做那件事吗？
Did he have to do it ? Must he do it?
在疑问句和否定句中， have to 多用助动词do 构成， must则直接提前或加not.
8B unit4 A good read
I can tell you_w_h_e_r_e_t_o_b_u_y_(_g_e_t)_t_h_is__b_o_o.k
1. ——Mum, may I watch TV now?
——No, you _____B______ finish your homework first.
D. hadn’t to
3. Yesterday it rained heavily when school was over. We
_____c____ stay in our classroom.
A. must
B. should
C. had to
D. need
4. ——I can’t stop playing computer games.
•
14、抱最大的希望，作最大的努力。2021年5月2日 星期日2021/5/22021/5/22021/5/2
•
15、一个人炫耀什么，说明他内心缺 少什么 。。2021年5月 2021/5/22021/5/22021/5/25/2/2021
•
16、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2021/5/22021/5/2May 2, 2021
不，你不必。/不，你不需要。
二、have to 的用法： have to 表客观的需要和义务， must表主观的认识。
他得做那件事吗？
Did he have to do it ? Must he do it?
在疑问句和否定句中， have to 多用助动词do 构成， must则直接提前或加not.
8B unit4 A good read
苏教牛津译林版初中英语八年级下册Unit4 Grammar 2PPT课件
Get the students to make up new se.
Complete the following sentences with ‘must, mustn’t,
have to, don’t have to’.
1. You must 2. You must
Homework
e ‘must, have to’ to make more sentences.
2. Finish the exercises in your workbooks.
keep quiet in the library. keep the books clean and tidy.
3. You mustn’t draw or write in the books.
4. You mustn’t eat or drink in the library. 5. You have to return the books on time, if you want to
Gulliver was tied to the ground. He has to lie on the ground. He doesn’t have to shout at the tiny men.
Grandma is ill. She has to see the doctor. She doesn’t have to worry about herself.
Study is very important. So we must study hard. We mustn’t talk in class.
Get the students to make up new sentences using “must”.
译林牛津版英语八年级下册 Unit 4 教学课件 Grammar
含“特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式” 结构 的句子可以转化为含could, should 或 will 等的宾语从句。
how which what when where whose
1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always can’t decide which one to buy.
A. go B. went C. going D. to go [解析] 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。由句意 “－我将去哈尔滨过暑假，你呢？－我还没有 决定去哪里。”decide后可接宾语从句，也可 接“疑问词+不定式”结构。故排除A、B和C 项。
( C )— Excuse me. Could you tell me ______
A. how to do
B. what to do it
C. how to do it
D. what should to do
[解析] 疑问词后接动词不定式。句意“我们不
能算出这个物理难题，你能告诉我们怎样算出
来”，what可作为do的宾语，how不可作为do
的宾语，因此后需加代词it，因此选C。
( C )This math problem is too difficult. Can you show me________, George? (2011山东威海)
的邮局吗？对不起我是新来的。当主句的宾语
和从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可以用疑问词
+不定式结构。
( B ) — Excuse me. Could you please tell
me ______ my car?
—Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you.
how which what when where whose
1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always can’t decide which one to buy.
A. go B. went C. going D. to go [解析] 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。由句意 “－我将去哈尔滨过暑假，你呢？－我还没有 决定去哪里。”decide后可接宾语从句，也可 接“疑问词+不定式”结构。故排除A、B和C 项。
( C )— Excuse me. Could you tell me ______
A. how to do
B. what to do it
C. how to do it
D. what should to do
[解析] 疑问词后接动词不定式。句意“我们不
能算出这个物理难题，你能告诉我们怎样算出
来”，what可作为do的宾语，how不可作为do
的宾语，因此后需加代词it，因此选C。
( C )This math problem is too difficult. Can you show me________, George? (2011山东威海)
的邮局吗？对不起我是新来的。当主句的宾语
和从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可以用疑问词
+不定式结构。
( B ) — Excuse me. Could you please tell
me ______ my car?
—Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you.
【最新】牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit4 Grammar1精品课件.ppt
(2).The best time __t_o_v_is_i_t _(visit) Mount Huang is in summer.
(3). I found myself legs were tied to
uancahbalier.____to_m__o_v_e(move)
because
my
arms
(7).Eddie didn’t know what ________ (do) with these books.
to do
We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb.
Guide One
2.完成下列句子。(5′ (1).米莉已经决定读什么了。
Gulliver wondered ______w__h_o__to__a_s_k__fo_r____help.
(3).Gulliver did not know how he could break the ropes. Gulliver did not ___________________the ropes.
Simon forgot _________________________ his friends.
(D6a).nDiealndieidl没n’t说sa和y 谁_w_谈_h_e过_n_这_to_本_m_书_e_e。_t_____ about this book.
who to talk to All question words can be used in this way, except why.
Millie has decided ____w__h_a__t _t_o__r_e_a_d______.
牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit4 Grammar 2课件
Get the students to make up new sentences using “have to”.
Complete the following sentences with ‘must, mustn’t,
have to, don’t have to’.
1. You must 2. You must
2. Finish the exercises in your workbooks.
▪ 12、首先是教师品格的陶冶，行为的教育，然后才是专门知识和技能的训练。 ▪ 13、在教师手里操着幼年人的命运，便操着民族和人类的命运。2022/5/52022/5/5May 5, 2022 ▪ 14、孩子在快乐的时候，他学习任何东西都比较容易。 15、人自身有一种力量，用许多方式按照本人意愿控制和影响这种力量，一旦他这样做，就会影响到对他的教育和对他发生作用的环境。
Gulliver was tied to the ground. He has to lie on the ground. He doesn’t have to shout at the tiny men.
Grandma is ill. Sh has to see the doctor.
She doesn’t have to worry about herself.
keep quiet in the library. keep the books clean and tidy.
3. You mustn’t draw or write in the books.
4. You mustn’t eat or drink in the library.
5. You have to return the books on time, if you want to keep them longer, you have to renew them.