新核心综合学术英语UNIT 1
新核心综合学术英语教程unit答案全
综合学术英语教程3 答案Unit 1 DefinitionKeys to the ExercisesTask 1 Familiarizing Yourself with DefinitionReading1 Great Leaps in Modern Technology2. Technology, on the other hand, is more of an applied science. It is where tools and knowledgeare used for the study of a particular science. For example, the science of energy can havetechnology as its application. In the case of energy as a subject in science, solar panels can beused for a variety of technologies, an example of which are solar-powered lights.From the following website:#ixzz37toZQcugTask 2 Understanding Lectures through DefinitionListening 11. phobia, hypnophobia, cynophobia, aerophobia2. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) T 5) T 6) T 7) F 8) F3.Task 3 Reading Definition Articles1. 1) Indigenous knowledge means knowledge belonging to the country, rather than beingbrought there from another country.2) All the list items will probably be included since the title is rather broad and general.3) For open discussion2. 1) International knowledge system.2) Knowledge capital, physical and financial capital.3) It contains the skills, experiences and insights of people, applied tomaintain or improve their4) Medicine and veterinary medicine.5) It is considered the social capital, meaning an essential resource forsurvival and means ofsustenance and livelihood.6) a) It is inappropriate for new challenges or it adapts too slowly; b)The introduction offoreign technologies or development concepts that promise short-term gains or solutions toproblems that they cannot sustain.7) Agriculture, animal husbandry and ethnic veterinary medicine, primaryhealth care,preventive medicine and psychosocial care, saving and lending.8) A higher variance of traits, less susceptible to the frequent droughts, reduce risks.9) a) Indigenous knowledge is vital for its bearers; b) Become fully awareof its value andcontributions to the intended objectives; c) It is an integral part of global knowledge in itsown right.10) An integration or combination of indigenous knowledge and foreign knowledge.Reading 2 Indigenous Knowledge3. 1) r. override 2) j. expertise 3) d. intimate 4) a. unanimous 5) g.intrusion6) u. dissemination 7) c. insights 8) l. susceptible 9) n. incorporating10) f. vanish11) m. interaction 12) s. scenario 13) i. detrimental 14) p. implement15) k. alleviation16) b. encompass 17) o. validate 18) h. impending 19) e. interweave 20) t. rational4. For reference:The two articles both employ definitions for the introduction of the terms and examples tovalidate each facet. Both use classifications, descriptions, comparison and contrast for furtheranalysis. One big difference lies in the perspective to view the title, with the first a ratherholistic discussion ranging from the status quo to the settlement of the existing problems andthe second a partial focus on chiefly its applications.Reading 3 Ultrasonics5. 1) component 2) accumulate 3) spherical 4) navigate 5) fatigue6) harness 7) version 8) synonymous 9) inhibit 10) integrity11) uniform 12) detect 13) incidence 14) monitor 15) probe16) intensity 17) convert 18) proceed 19) visualize 20) inspect6. Attention: there is a mistake here, the first should be Para. KPara. K—e Para. B—a Para. C—c Para. D—f Para. E—hPara. F—d Para. G—j Para. H—i Para. I—b Para. J—g7. 1) E 2) F 3) Para. E 4) E 5) F 6) Para. H 7) Para. H 8) E8. For open discussionTask 4 Writing an Essay of DefinitionReading 4 Disruptive Technologies1.5. For reference only1) Natural breathing will be provided by the robot for the patient during surgery.2) The pressure will have to be reduced by us.3) All instruments need to be sterilized.4) For us, some physical and technical factors may be considered/ taken into consideration.5) If we make sustained efforts, there is a chance that the environment will be improved.6) Some specific demands of the scientific establishment have to be made.7) The presence of the country has been felt more than ever by the wholeworld.8) It seems that other explanations are hard to be found.9) The interaction between organism and environment is being perceived.10) The tests work most effectively if what will be measured can be most precisely defined.Integrated Exercises2. 1) component 2) integrity 3) mobilize 4) option 5) monitor 6) navigate7) encompass8) compromise 9) incorporate 10) implement 11) impending 12) scenario 3. 1) The survey encompasses social, political, and economic aspects of the situation.2) In some countries power is synonymous with corruption.3) The strike shut down many airports, but international f lights were unaffected.4) The scenery is beautiful but inaccessible to most ordinary travelers.5) The conflict deprived him of the means of livelihood.6) Such animals can withstand the extremes of weather.7) The rise in the time spent on the Internet is concomitant with the massive loss ofsociability.8) Many inventions such as gunpowder and the compass originated in China.9) The frequency of mining accidents has decreased over the past 10 years.10) The maximum number of places offered by the medical school for theapplicants is 15.5. 1) Scientists should warn people about PM 2.5 and the need to restrict their children’soutdoor activities to avoid even the minimal damage.2) The local government has implemented a development program for the mountain climbersto leave the surrounding region unaffected.3) We can reduce the risks to zero since we are sure of what risks they are running.4) To combat your anxiety, you should compel yourself to visualize apromising future in which a problem has already been settled.5) He holds that developed countries should be held accountable foreconomic growth on a global scale.6) Trash is not yet fully utilized, leading to overlooking the potential in it.7) A large number of females choose the option of personal finance toachieve control of their own lives.8)The university has decided to invest in the project because it has manytechnical advantages over other similar ones.9) Trees can provide shelter for both man and animals, which we tend to overlook.10) We are trying to achieve a sound understanding of liberal arts courses,which encompasses a wide range of subjects.Listening 2A. (1) F (2) T (3) T (4) F (5) T (6) T (7) TB. (1) Clouding computing is about the provision of computer resources likeSaaS, PaaS, and infrastructure provision while private computingisn’t.(2) 67.(3) Because the Industrial Revolution is not a thing, and it cannot bedefined by some specific products. It is a transformation or atransition involving concepts, ideas, ways of production, changingattitudes, etc.(4) Because it is more than just technology, as the speaker furthercompares it to electricity, which has transformed from an innovationto much more of a utility service.(5) Ubiquitous.Listening 3A. (1) C (2) B (3) A (4) C (5) DB. compressed, whisper, external, pockets, panic, assembly, psychological,reflection, simultaneous, architecture, figure out, legitimate, instantaneous, clicking, addictedC. (1) B, C (2) CUnit 2 ClassificationKeys to the ExercisesTask 1 Familiarizing Yourself with Classification1. 1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes.2) Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), theproduction of CO2 ( the increase of population, the demolition of trees, etc.).3) CO2 is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.4) Classification helps us to determine and understand the relationshipof the parts of a subject which is studied by us. Classification is made on the basis of a clear definition.5) In order to make a clear and logic classification, one needs to followa principle of classification and go on with a system consistently.For example, the categories of classification should be mutually exclusive and no overlapping is allowed.Reading 1 Causes for Global Warming2. Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel resource. It provides aboutone-quarter of the total energy the world uses, and 40 percent of the electricity generated worldwide is powered by coal. The steel industry also is greatly dependent upon this fossil fuel. Like other depleting sources of global energy, coal reserves are also on a steep decline.Moreover, coal is a greenhouse gas nightmare. Natural gas is comprised mostly of methane, although it also contains ethane, propane and butane.It is a convenient and efficient energy source. The major consumers of natural gas are the residential, commercial and industrial sectors. It is also used to generate electricity. Unlike other fossil fuels, naturalgas is cleaner and causes less pollution. Like other fossil fuels, this resource is depleting rapidly.Task 2 Understanding Lectures through ClassificationListening 11. Unconscious motivation, unconscious conflict, the id, the ego, the superego, etc.2. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F3. Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivationIdea Two: The notion of unconscious dynamics or conflict4. There are two interesting ideas in Freud’s theory: first, the existenceof unconscious motivation; second, the concept of unconscious conflict.Freud believes that unconscious motivation might play an important role in a lot of situations, such as marriage, forgetting a person’s name, calling out the wrong name etc. In his view, there are three processes going on in the head, namely, id, ego and superego, which are in violent internal conflict. Id functions on “the Pleasure Principle”, while egoworks on “the Reality Principle” and superego is the internalized rules of a society. Ego is in between id and superego.Task 3 Reading Classification ArticlesReading 2 Renewable Energy Sources—A Brief Summary1. 1) Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources suchas sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished).2)□√ The purpose of using renewable energy sources.□√ The classification of renewable energy sources.□√ The examples of different types of renewable energy sources.□√ The advantages and disadvantages of various types of renewable energy sources.□√ The history of the use of different energy sources.□ How energy is obtained from various sources.3) I would write:(1) The definition of the renewable energy.(2) The classification of the renewable energy.(3) The advantages and the disadvantages of various types of renewable energy sources.2. 1) The signing of the Kyoto Treaty.2) It converts the sun’s rays into energy.3) The main demerit is that it is limited.4) Sailors, farmers and architects.5) The main advantage is that this doesn’t produce any by-products thatcan be harmful to the environment.6) Because the Earth’s crust continuously decays, replenishing the heat.7) They use the force of the water to push the turbine which in turn powersa generator thus generating electricity.8) It poses a problem for fish and aquatic plants on both sides of the dam.9) They contain no petroleum, and they are nontoxic and biodegradable.10) The Environmental Protection Agency.3. 1) j. evolution 2) s. solar 3) a. architect 4) l. geothermal 5) p. preserve6) b. biodegradable 7) r. radioactive 8) f. crusade 9) h. distribute 10) q. radiant11) i. domestic 12) t. validation 13) k. generator 14) d. capture 15)g. definitely16) n. install 17) e. consumption 18) m. harness 19) o. internal 20) c. bladeReading 3 Types of Pollution5. 1) voluntary 2) construction 3) contamination 4) eruption 5) regulation6) deforestation 7) yield 8) irrigation 9) confine 10) sewage11) hazardous 12) residential 13) vapor 14) decay 15) erosion16) disrupt 17) particulate 18) underground 19) concentration 20) combat6.7.8. My summary is: Even if solar energy is limited, it enjoys a long historyand has been advancing constantly, thus enabling us to convert heat into electricity, which can be stored, ready for use.Task 4 Writing an Essay of ClassificationReading 4 Types of Sustainability1.5. 1) Declarative sentences are mostly employed in academic writing, despitethe occasional utilizations of interrogative sentences.2) To support the truths, reliable evidence is quoted by scholars in all disciplines.3) Much importance should be attached to the comprehension of thedifference between education and training.4) A person who exposes himself to the sunlight for excessive time issusceptible to malignant melanoma.5) Students doing temporary jobs display a better performance in their academic studies.6) American frontier is deeply rooted in many aspects of American character.7) The direct involvement of many a foreign country is evident in theprocess of US territorial expansion.8) Parents need to equipped with much care and knowledge while raising a kid.9) Environment plays a vital role in the growth of plants.10) In the past, Beijing was ravaged by dust storms for 20 days annually. Integrated Exercises2. 1) motivation 2) demolish 3) symptom 4) combat 5) capture 6) distribute7) assert 8) yield9) internal 10) emergence 11) adherence 12) disrupt3. 1) Internet access is available in the students’ dormitory.2) If you can harness your energy, you’ll be rewarded with huge accomplishments.3) It has been confirmed that foul weather is highly hazardous for sea navigation.4) The governmental nuclear waste disposal plan aroused fierce protestsfrom the local residents.5) Extinction of this rare species of bird is foreseeable if effective measures are not taken.6) While delivering a public speech, a speaker must articulate his/her arguments.7) I highly esteem his current research on stem cells.8) A speaker cannot always secure the cooperation of the audience.9) The car industry of this country is sheltered by its government from foreign competition.10) Even a moderate elevation of blood pressure leads to shortened life expectancys.5. 1) The effective disposal of the recognized sources of pollutiondemonstrates to be of great aid in the elevation of people’s quality of life.2) Since the rapid evolution of technology, the lifestyles of thegenerations ahead of us will witness a revolutionized change.3) Tapping heat from the Earth enables the residents of resource-poorregions to combat the poor conditions.4) The downside of the practice of fertilizing the soil by burning strawsis the fact that the released dusts and particles pose a serious problem for the health of the respiratory system.5) This campaign, organized by environmentally conscious individuals,has a measurable effect on the general improvement of all the people’s environmental protection awareness.6) The history of deforestation can date back to two millenniums ago,which has deteriorated constantly in the modern times, leading to a huge loss of wildlife habitat.7) During the visit to Huangshan (Yellow Mountain), the tourists wereamazed at how nature works wonders, realizing that beauty is only sustainable if all of us care for the environment around us.8) Drug abuse is a general degradation of lifestyle, causing immediate health effects.9) Oil leakage in the mainstream river considerably decreases thequantity of drinkable water; what’s worse, the adverse effects are not confined to areas near the source.10) Luckily, the pollution inflicted by this accident will be effectivelyremoved through natural cycles, not having a negative impact on the environment.Listening 2A. (1) T (2) F (3) F (4) F (5) T (6) F (7) FB. (1) The individual’s potential and the importance of growth and self-actualization.(2) The lower one.(3) By providing lunch breaks, rest breaks and sufficient wages to purchase essentials.(4) The love and belonging needs.(5) They are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, less concernedwith the opinions of other people, and interested in fulfilling their potential.C. This lecture is about Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs, namelyphysiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Physiological needs are the most basic and instinctive ones, which must be satisfied first. Safety needs refer tothe needs for safety and security, also important for survival. Social needs include the needs for belonging, love and affection, the deprivation of which leads to unhappiness. Esteem needs reflect on personal worth, social recognition and accomplishment; if unmet, it may lead to inferiority complex. Self-actualization needs are at the highest level, meaning to realize a person’s full potential, capacities and talents.Listening 3A. (1) A (2) A (3) D (4) C (5) BB. classically, runny nose, sore throat, intrigued, initially, clinically,alludes to, building up, immune, alongside, shuffling, rip through, hospitalizationsC. (1) B C E(2) ① A B C ② A B ③ A B ④ A B ⑤ A B C ⑥ C ⑦ A ⑧ A ⑨ A ⑩ A CUnit 3 Comparison and ContrastKeys to the ExercisesTask 1 Familiarizing Yourself with Comparison and Contrast1. 1) Electric vehicles and gas vehicles.2) The energy they used, the distance, the cost and convenience.3) The electric vehicles and gas vehicles share some similarities: theappearance of muscle cars, all the standard features and they even perform similarly. The differences are listed below:4) The writer compares and contrasts both vehicles item after item. Insuch a pattern, the writer structures his paragraph around points of comparison, moving back and forth between the subjects.5) The former one—list all similarities of the two subjects, then their differences.Reading 1 Electric Vehicles and Gas Vehicle2. What’s more, there is a health factor that affects both of them. Cannedfood loses some of the original fresh food nutrients when stored, and also has to be tinned with many preservatives and chemical factors that prolong the shelf life and apparent freshness of the food but could becometoxic if consumed too often. Fresh food, on the other hand, often comes straight from a farm and has all the nutrients Mother Nature intended for it. As we can see, fresh food offers many benefits that canned food lacks. Therefore, an informed diner should always choose to eat fresh.After all, we could all use to improve our health.Task 2 Understanding Lectures Through Comparison and ContrastListening 12. 1) T. What I’m just beginning to realize right now, is that we pay ahuge price for the speed that we claim is a big advantage of these computers.2) F. And they consume one and a half megawatts of power. So that wouldbe really great, if you could add that to the production capacity in Tanzania. It would really boost the economy.3) F. Now, how much computation does the brain do? I estimate 10 to the16 bits per second, which is actually about very similar to what BlueGene does. So that’s the question.4) T. So what we are doing right now with computers with the energyconsumed by 1,200 houses, the brain is doing with the energy consumed by your laptop.5) F. How does that compare with the way computers work? In the computer,you have all the data going through the central processing unit, and any piece of data basically has to go through that bottleneck, whereas in the brain, what you have is these neurons.6) T. This is something that we’ve been working on for the last couple of years.3. 120,000 processors10 to the 16 bits per second1.5 megawatts10 quadrillion bits per second10 watts4. Although computers have strong power to process data, they still cannotcompare to the brain of human beings in which an unbelievable number of neurons connect and react with each other so that a real net could be accomplished perfectly. The research on how the computer could be as powerful as a brain will continue going on.Task 3 Reading Comparison and Contrast Articles2. 1) Consumer perceptions of organic processes and products and thoseinvolving biotechnology.2) Health, environment, risk and ethics.3) No study has directly elicited comparable attitudes about organicand GM products and processes.4) The average participant slightly, but not strongly, agreed with thepositively worded health attributes (e.g., organic food ishealthier), and disagreed with the negatively worded healthattributes (e.g., organic food is less healthy). The averageresponse about the healthfulness of GM foods was generally neutral.5) Both were thought to have higher levels of nutrients than traditional food.6) Generally, consumers perceive organic food production as environmentally friendly.7) Respondents perceived GM foods as possessing a higher level of riskthan other classes of food.8) Social acceptability is one motive driving the purchase of organic food.9) Respondents did not have major ethical objections to GM food.10) Forty-five percent.Reading 2 Perceptions of Genetically Modified and Organic Foods and Processes3. 1) p. prevalent 2) a. perception 3) i. moderate 4) f. construct 5) q.advantageous 6) k. attribute 7) c. organic 8) h. volume 9) l. nutrient10) d. elicit 11) g. explicitly 12) b. warrant13) m. inherent 14) t. respondent 15) e. empirical 16) j. contradict 17)o. obesity18) n. cure 19) s. neutral 20) r. motiveReading 3 A Comparative Report of Organic Food vs. Genetically Modified Food5. 1) synthetic 2) manure 3) botanical 4) alter 5) regulation 6) compost7) recommendation8) mineral 9) federal 10) potent 11) organism 12) network 13)transformation 14) normal\15) chemical 16) trace 17) negative 18) poll 19) facilities 20) modification6.7. 1) Para. A 2) E 3) F 4) E 5) Para. F 6) Para. I 7) Para. J 8)F8. My summary is: Fueled by health concerns, people have focused more onthe origin of food over the past decade; so to answer their questions, this report shows that organic foods are the best choice compared with genetically modified food.Task 4 Writing an Essay of Comparison and ContrastReading 4 Fast Food Restaurant: McDonald’s vs. Wendy’s1. B. Wendy’s1) the Ultimate Chicken Grill2) small order of chiliMcDonald’s1) fruit yogurt parfait2) green apple slices (kid’s menu)3) healthier sandwich choices (such as McVeggie Burger, ChickenFajitas, and Whole Wheat Chicken McGrill)C. Presentation of food: At Wendy’s, not only are the meal optionsexcellent, the presentation of healthy menu choices is superior.Wendy’s salads a re large and fresh with only one hindrance: excess water at the bottom of the bowl.McDonald’s salads lack in appearance and freshness. These salads appear thrown together and often look wilted.D. Wendy’s:the first major fast food chain to offer fast food salad as a meal’s main course.McDonald’s: n ow also offers salads as a main course menu choice, in reaction to the popularity of Wendy’s salads.E. Meal variety, good presentation and several salad choices are allconsidered when evaluating a fast food restaurant. With fast food restaurants such as Wendy’s and McDonald’s available, it is considerably easier for people to make healthier food choices.5. 1) None of his speech is imperfect in organization and wording.2) The manager will not miss the opportunity to accept the students’ proposals.3) Kevin did not deny he took risky bets and lied to cover them up butclaimed his superiors were not ignorant of his doing.4) It was told that their work needed to be improved as it wasn’t done well.5) I t is not avoidable that the public won’t miss such scandals in the business world.6) Never will my parents be unready to help me out.7) Hardly did the idea of returning to his hometown stop recurring in his dreams.8) The islands failed to find that they were ready to fight against the outside intruders.9) It was not until failing to catch the last bus to the city late onenight did Mike not know what to do next.10) Never does he lose the optimistic confidence for life even thoughthings don’t always go smoothly.Integrated Exercise2. 1) accommodate 2) exhibition 3) consistent 4) negative 5) considerably6) response7) version 8) regulation 9) capacity 10) alter 11) trace 12) involve3. 1) Older people are less likely to perceive situations negativelybecause they’re typically more tolerant.2) In most cases, the major reason for conducting an analysis, althoughnot often explicitly stated, appears to be to justify taxpayer spending.3) The organization of the novel allowed readers to reconstruct the storyby adding missing elements and arranging the sequence of the events.4) These skills are easy to learn and can add considerably to the overallenjoyment of spending time out-of-doors.5) He was asked to refine his draft headline to make it clearer and more exact.6) It is inevitable that success in most work is evaluated by income.7) The rejection of the parents’ political and religious beliefs puttheir children in a difficult position.8) It is well-known that the government will be consistent in itspositions on civil rights legislation.9) The public figures who are seeking to further their careers cannotmake selections about the publicity they desire.10) Considerable modification of the existing system is needed to increase efficiency.5. 1) An appropriate use of limited natural resources is advantageous forthe Earth environment where human beings live.2) The uncertainty over this region continues to grow; what is moreunfortunate, people may need some time to adapt.3) Conventional notions holds that organic food is much healthier thangenetically modified food.4) The brand gown designed by Marina comes to accommodate the need fora number of occasions, including churches, dinners, business and otherspecial occasions.5) There is a more prevalent concern that the shortage of this researchis due to the overall lack of knowledge of AIDS groups and the difficulty of access to those groups.6) After being exposed to and weighing the information about those risks,US researchers suggested that childhood obesity prevention should occur/happen as early as possible, as much as possible before birth.7) If this change is made, you are likely to run the risk of losing theaudience and your reputation.8) In the modern society, in rejection of the traditional stereotype thatwomen need more care and tendance, many women assume/undertake theresponsibility of raising a family.9) Since the 21st century, the short-term certificates are rapidlygaining popularity, especially for non-white students.10) The research found that 75 percent of American teenagers always boasta healthy self-image.Listening 2A. (1) F (2) T (3) F (4) F (5) T (6) F (7) TB. (1) When the speaker was 15 years old, he first discovered the good waste problem.(2) He grabbed hold of it, sat down, and ate his breakfast with pigs.(3) It gave him faith that the people do have the power to stop this tragicwaste of food resources and bring about that change.。
新核心综合学术英语教程第三册 Unit 1
• 8) It seems that other explanations are hard to be found.
• 9) The interaction between organism and environment is being perceived.
• 3) The strike shut down many airports, but international f lights were unaffected.
• 4) The scenery is beautiful but inaccessible to most ordinary travelers.
• 10) The maximum number of places offered by the medical school for the applicants is 15.
P30 Translation
• 5. 1) Scientists should warn people about PM 2.5 and the need to restrict their children’s outdoor activities to avoid even the minimal damage.
P24-- Paraphrase
• 1) Natural breathing will be provided by the robot for the patient during surgery.
• 2) The pressure will have to be reduced by us. • 3) All instruments need to be sterilized. • 4) For us, some physical and technical factors
学术英语unit1知识点
学术英语 Unit 1 知识点：Step by Step Thinking学术英语是大多数学术研究和交流的主要语言。
对于学术写作来说，正确使用学术英语的关键之一是理解和运用逻辑推理和逐步思考。
本文将从逐步思考的角度介绍学术英语 Unit 1 的知识点。
第一个知识点是逐步说明。
在学术写作中，逐步说明是一种清晰和有条理地表达思想的方法。
逐步说明可以通过以下几个步骤来实现。
首先，你需要明确你要表达的中心思想或观点。
然后，在正文中，你可以逐步展开这个观点，并提供相关的证据和例子来支持你的论点。
最后，通过总结段落或结论，你可以再次强调你的中心思想。
第二个知识点是逐步解释。
在学术写作中，逐步解释是解释一个复杂的概念或理论的有效方法。
逐步解释可以通过以下步骤来实现。
首先，你需要明确你要解释的概念或理论，并提供一个简短的定义或描述。
然后，在接下来的段落中，你可以逐步展开并解释这个概念或理论的各个方面。
你可以使用实例、研究结果或其他支持材料来进一步说明你的解释。
最后，通过总结段落或结论，你可以再次强调你对这个概念或理论的解释。
第三个知识点是逐步分析。
在学术写作中，逐步分析是分析一个问题或主题的不同方面和细节的重要方法。
逐步分析可以通过以下步骤来实现。
首先，你需要明确你要分析的问题或主题，并提供一个简短的描述。
然后，在接下来的段落中，你可以逐步列举并分析这个问题或主题的各个方面和细节。
你可以使用数据、统计信息或其他支持材料来支持你的分析。
最后，通过总结段落或结论，你可以再次强调你对这个问题或主题的分析。
第四个知识点是逐步比较。
在学术写作中，逐步比较是比较两个或多个事物的相似之处和差异之处的有效方法。
逐步比较可以通过以下步骤来实现。
首先，你需要明确你要比较的事物，并提供一个简短的描述。
然后，在接下来的段落中，你可以逐步列举并比较这些事物的相似之处和差异之处。
你可以使用实例、研究结果或其他支持材料来支持你的比较。
最后，通过总结段落或结论，你可以再次强调你对这些事物的比较。
新核心综合学术英语第一册Unit2
Many new emerging Chinese cities are attributed to the large scale of urban migration in recent years.
第八页，编辑于星期六：十八点 八分。
Unit 2 》Part V 》Integrated exercises
3.Guess the meaning of the following words and then add more words using the same prefix or suffix. Share your answers with the class.
第三页，编辑于星期六：十八点 八分。
Unit 2 》Part V 》Writing
3) The main character of urban culture is that everyone wants to be
better than others.
Urban culture is chiefly characterized by competitive behavior.
2) Urbanization is unavoidable, but people also have benefits from it.
3) Most farmers desire to liinevitable trend.
Unit 2 》Part II 》Text-related information
新核心综合学术英语教程Unit
• “while” is used to introduce a different situation to compare with the content(s) before;
• “so” stands for “environmentally friendly”, as mentioned in the former part of the sentence.
to supplement or refute what the speakers said.
会议开得很活跃，不拘束，每个人都能插话补充,或反驳发言者的讲话。
精选课件
7
Reading 2
Language Points
6. inherent （L63, para. J）adj.固有的，内在的，天生的 • I think racism is unconsciously inherent in practically everyone.
我同意发言者对所做的事加以谴责。
• Wealth and happiness do not always concur. （同时发生）
财富与幸福并非总是并存的.
5. refute（L48, para. H）vt.否认真实性；驳斥，批驳（观点、指责 或理论） If you refute an argument, accusation, or theory, you
reported last November. 这一结果似乎和去年11月美国研究人员发表的一项
重要成果相矛盾。
精选课件
6
Reading 2
新核心综合学术英语教程第一册 Unit 1
From high school to university, that is a big change for freshmen. As an English saying goes, well begun is half done. Therefore, it is the major concern for every freshman to adapt yourself to this change quickly and go through the transition from high school to university.
《综合学术英语教程 1》
上海交通大学出版社
About me How to get contact with your teacher?
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新核心综合学术英语教程Unit 1
Language Points
■ Words and Phrases: 1. knowledge economy (also knowledge-based economy (L10): 知识经济 2. knowledge capital (L11): 知识资本 3. be interwoven with (L19): 与……交织在一起 4. social capital (L19): 社会资本 5. be detrimental (to) (L29): (对……)有害的 6. primary health care (L38): 初级保健护理 7. psychosocial care (L38): 心理疏导，心理干预， 心理护理 8. poverty alleviation (L41): 扶贫 9. high-yielding (L47): 高产的，高收益的
翻译： 面对全球知识经济的到来，一个国家创造和运用 知识资本的能力是可持续发展不可或缺的，其重 要性不亚于物质资本和金融资本的获取。
Language Points 2. However, many practices disappear only
because of the intrusion of foreign technologies or development concepts that promise short-term gains or solutions to problems that they cannot sustain. (Para. D) promise: to signify that a situation or event may have a particular quality or to be that particular thing 翻译：然而，很多本土习俗的绝迹仅仅是因 为外来技术或发展理念的侵入所导致。 因为这些技术或理念能带来短期效益 或解燃眉之急，但都不可持续。
新核心综合学术英语第一册Unit 1
Design quizzes or Q & A section for the presentation.
Part I Suggested projects
Key topic areas are: various causes of global warming the impact of global warming on the environment long-term effects of global warming How the climate changed over the past decades climate change and agriculture international policies in response to global warming recommendations for addressing the problem
联合国气候变化框架公约 UNFCCC or FCCC is an international environmental treaty negotiated at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro from June 3 to 14, 1992. Countries joined this international treaty to cooperatively consider what they could do to limit average global temperature increases and the resulting climate change, and to cope with whatever impacts were, by then, inevitable. It entered
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Questions for Reading 3
Why are the politics of global warming complex? What's the final goal of the Convention? What is the requirement mentioned in the Convention? What was the policy proposed by G77? And what's the basis for the policy? What's the content of Kyoto Protocol? What's Copenhagen Accord about? What's Cancun conference about?
Unit 5 Art
Unit 1 》Part III 》 Listening 2
9
Listen to Part 2 of Listening 2 and answer the questions below.
1) leave lights on when we are not in the room, switch off the TV by the remote turn on the heater when we could put on an extra layer of clothing turn on the air conditioner when we could open the window and turn on a fan. 2) air conditioners, washing machines laptop, desktop 3) Because they use less electricity and water, hence there are few CO2 impacts 4) Wasting time and producing CO2 emissions
Unit 1 》Part III 》 Listening 2
10
10
Listen to Part 3 of Listening 2 and complete the following paragraph. useless; water; which; fight; business; benefits; effective; employers
8) The proposal failed to be accepted simply because of its violation of human rights The proposal was rejected on the basis that it violated human rights.
Part I Suggested projects
Recommended steps to do the project are: Brainstorm, narrow down the topic, then choose a focus; Search for information (articles, report, pictures, videos, etc.) from English sources; Process the information, and choose examples and details to support the aspects that are to be presented; Write a report with the information selected, and make a multimedia presentation of the report in class;
2. skim for main ideas and scan for specific details.
3. process and integrate information from different sources.
4. paraphrase mid-long and complex sentences. 5. communicate ideas on the topic via writing and speaking. 6. conduct an individual or group project.
Design quizzes or Q & A section for the presentation.
Part I Suggested projects
Key topic areas are: various causes of global warming the impact of global warming on the environment long-term effects of global warming How the climate changed over the past decades climate change and agriculture international policies in response to global warming recommendations for addressing the problem
2) So people, plants, and animals would die if they would be greatly exposed to all the light and heat. Heavy exposure to all the light and heat will cause people, plants, and animals to die. 3) It is important that we should not interfere in the climate system. It is crucial to prevent human interference with the climate system. 4) The developed world should contribute greatly so that human beings can survive in the future. The developed world should make a great contribution for human survival in the future. 5) If we fail to achieve the goal, we have to face a terrible future. The failure to achieve the goal will lead to a terrible future.
《综合学术英语教程 1》
上海交通大学出版社
Unit 1 Global Warming
Learning objectives
In this unit, students are expected to:
1.acquire background information related to global warming.
1) The only way to solve the problem is to find a different fuel source.
The only solution to the problem is an alternative fuel source.
Unit 1 》Part V 》Writing
5) As a result, all animals will find no place to live. Consequently, all creatures are left without shelter.
Unit 1 》Part V 》Writing
6) Not only will natural world be affected, world’s economy is also threatened. Apart from the effects on natural world, the world's economy is also at risk.
Part V
Exercises
Unit 1 》Part V 》Writing
2. Paraphrase each of the sentences below by using as many synonyms as
possible. Model 1 The experiment produced an unexpected result. The experiment generated an unexpected outcome. Model2 Immediate measures should be taken to reduce impact in the atmosphere carbon dioxide emissions We should take urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 1) Greenhouse gases have a great effect in the air. Greenhouse gases have a large impact on the air. 2) They even don’t want to call for tiny reductions in emission when asked. They even refuse to make the called-for tiny cutbacks in emissions
Unit 1 》Part V 》Writing
3. Paraphrase each of the sentences below according to the models.