主谓一致和倒装句
主谓一致与倒装句
主谓一致与倒装句主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它要求句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致错误会导致句子的构成混乱，影响语言的准确性和流畅性。
另外，在一些特定的情况下，倒装句也被广泛应用。
本文将详细探讨主谓一致和倒装句的使用规则和例子。
一、主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
一般来说，如果主语是单数第三人称，则谓语动词需要加上-s或-es；如果主语是复数，谓语动词则保持原形。
主谓一致错误的例子如下：1. 错误：He like coffee. (正确：He likes coffee.)2. 错误：The dogs is barking. (正确：The dogs are barking.)二、主谓一致规则1. 单数主语：单数主语需要用单数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- The sun shines brightly.- My friend plays the piano.2. 复数主语：复数主语需要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- The students are studying for the exam.- Cats like to chase mice.3. 不可数名词：不可数名词作为主语时，需要用单数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- Water is essential for life.- Music brings people joy.4. 主语连接词：如果主语由两个或更多的部分组成，用and连接，那么需要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- Tom and Jerry are good friends.- His parents work in a hospital.5. 复数名词指一类事物：当复数名词指代一类事物时，需要用单数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- Mathematics is my favorite subject.- Politics is a sensitive topic.三、倒装句倒装句是指将谓语动词放在主语之前的句子结构。
主谓一致和倒装句
主谓一致主谓一致（concord），是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。
英语中动词be的变化形式最多，如I am，You are，He is，We are等。
主语I一定要用am的动词形式，这就叫‚主谓一致‛。
主谓一致的三个原则：主谓一致涉及三个基本原则，即语法一致原则（principle of grammatical concord）、意义一致原则（principle of notional concord）和就近原则（principle of proximity）。
一、语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。
1.当and或both ...and...连接两个或多个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和丽丽都是学生。
2.不定代词either, neither, each one, the other, another, anybody, anyone, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Is there anything wrong with your bike? 你的自行车有什么毛病吗？Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都为运动会做好了准备。
3.由each,each...and each...,every...and every...,every...作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每个男孩和女孩都收到了一本新书。
[全国版][九年级英语专题]第2讲：主谓一致与倒装句] 讲义(教师版)
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1. 主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，经常出现在近几年的中考试卷中。
主谓一致的重要考查点是：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，其中语法一致原则和就近一致原则是历年的考查热点。
从命题形式来看，主要以单项选择为主，在完形填空、句型转换和翻译句子中有时也会涉及此考点。
2. 倒装句是中考中常考的特殊句型之一，命题形式主要以单项选择、完成句子等。
主谓一致与倒装句在初中阶段学习分布如下：Enjoy the following story and find out which kind of sentence is used in the story.Long long ago, there was a hill;On the hill stood a temple;In the temple lived an old monk;The old monk was telling stories to a little monk.第2讲 主谓一致与倒装句主谓一致一、语法一致原则语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。
用法例句9. 主语前面有表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a kind (sort/ type/ form/ pair/ cup/ glass/ piece/ load/ block/ box/ handful/ quantity/ ton/ metre/…)of”等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语的单复数形式。
This kind of car is made in China. Large quantities of water are needed. 10. “分数或百分数 + 名词”作主语或“a lot of ／lots of, plenty of, most of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于名词。
中考英语主谓一致
3.主语后接有with, along with, together with, except, but连接另一个主语时，谓I 保持一致）5.集体名词family, team, class, group作主语时，如果表示整体，谓语动词用单数；如果表示个体成员，谓语动词用复数。
例：My family is a small one with 3 people. 我家是一个三口之家的小家庭。
7. A pair of shoes is on the table. 一双鞋子在桌上。
（谓语动词用单数）Two pairs of shoes are on the table. 两双鞋子在桌上。
（谓语动词用复数）8. The teacher and writer is coming to our school. 那位老师兼作家将来我们学校。
（同一个人）The teacher and the writer are coming to our school. 那位老师和那位作家将来我们学校。
(两个人)9.以so, neither开头的倒装句例：Jim watched TV last night. So did I. 吉姆看了电视。
我也看了（提到吉姆和我2人）---- Jim watched TV last night.也没看。
12.表示“某个人有---”，用have, has例：They have some books. （主语不是第三人称单数，用have）特殊疑问句：What do they have? What does she have?主谓一致练习：1. There ________ a lot of rain in this area in August every year.A. isB. areC. wasD. were2. Some of my classmates ________ from other cities.A. comesB. isC. are3. A number of students ________ in the dinning hall.------Let me count. The number of the students ________ about 200.A. are, isB. is, areC. are, are4. Either Mary or he ________ going to Paris. Only one person may go there.A. areB. isC. was5. One of my friends ________ already moved to London.A. doB. doesC. haveD. has6. There _____ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me? ------All right, Mum.A. isB. areC. wasD. were7. How many countries ________ in Europe? ------I’m not sure.A. is itB. is thereC. are theyD. are there8. ________ a pen and two books on the desk.A. There areB. There isC. HaveD. Has9. There ________ some old people taking a walk in the park.A. isB. areC. hadD. have10. Not only Jim but also his sister ________ a few cities in the south since they came to China.A. will visitB. has visitedC. have visitedD. visited11. Both Lily and Lucy ________ to the party yesterday.A. invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD. were invited12. Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meetingbegan.A. areB. isC. wasD. were13. When are you going to Beijing for your holidays?------I haven’t decided. ________ this Sunday ________ next Sunday is OK.A. Both, andB. Either, orC. Neither, norD. Not only, but also14. Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? ------I think ________ them are useful.A. either ofB. none ofC. both ofD. all of15. How many teachers are there in your school? ------About 200. One third of them ________ men teachers.A. haveB. hasC. areD. is16.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang ________ Goodwill Ambassadors （亲善大使） for Shanghai.A. has been namedB. have been namedC. has namedD. have named17. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. ________ of them are the pride of China.A. BothB. NeitherC. AllD. None18. Listen! Someone ________ outside. A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. are singing19. It rained heavily this morning, but ________ of classmates were away from school.A. neitherB. noneC. allD. both20. A report says hundreds and thousands of trees ________ in the Amazon rainforest（亚马逊雨林） last year.A. was cut downB. have been cut downC. were cut downD. had been cut down21. Not only his parents but also his grandfather ________ to a lot of places of interest in our country since they came here.A. has goneB. has beenC. have goneD. have been22. ________ she or you going to Beijing next week?A. IsB. AreC. WasD. Were23. Three fourths of the earth ________ covered with water.A. areB. isC. wereD. being24. The mother with her little son ________ at my home on that snowy night.A. wereB. wasC. isD. are25. The singer and dancer ________ yet.A. don’t comeB. haven’t comeC. didn’t comeD. hasn’t come26. How many students are there in your school?------________ the students in our school ________ over two thousand.A. The number of, isB. The number of, areC. A number of, isD. A number of, are27. Swimming in the pool with the children ________ very interesting.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is28. Physics（物理） ________ my favorite subject.A. beB. isC. amD. are29. The paper for books and newspapers ________ made from wood.（木头）A. areB. isC. hasD. have倒装句练习：30.Do you think we’ll need a coffee pot（咖啡壶）?I don’t drink coffee, and _____. It’s not necessary. Why not a tea service（茶壶）?A. so do youB. neither you doC. so you doD. neither do you31. Jim wants to take part in the torch relay（火炬接力） of the 2008 Olympic Games.------________.A. So I doB. So do IC. Neither do ID. Nor do I32. Jim works hard at his Chinese and ________.A. so Lucy doesB. so is LucyC. so does LucyD. so Lucy is33. I am interested in science. What about you? ------________.A. So do IB. So am IC. So I am34.I’m going to an amusement par k. ------________.A. So am IB. so are youC. So you areD. So I am35. Jim is trying his best to learn Chinese Kungfu. ------________.A. So does MikeB. So is MikeC. So Mike doesD. So Mike is36.How well Anna dances! I can’t believe my eyes! ------________.A. So she doesB. So does sheC. Neither can sheD. So can I37. In recent（最近的） years, more and more Americans like traveling during holidays. ------________.A. So do we ChineseB. So will we ChineseC. So we Chinese doD. So we Chinese will38.Lily’s not visited many places of great interest in China. ________.A. So has her twin sisterB. Neither is her twin sisterC. Neither has her twin sisterD. So her twin sister has39.You’ve left the light on. ------________. I’ll go and turn it off.A. So I haveB. So do IC. Nor have ID. Neither I do40. David has made great progress recently.（近来） ------________, and ________.A. So he has, so have youB. So he has, so you haveC. So has he, so you haveD.So has he, so have you41.Mr. Watson won’t be here next week, and ________.A.neither will his wifeB. neither his wife won’tC. his wife won’t neitherD. hiswife will either主谓一致和倒装句答案：1到20题 ACABD ADBBB DCBCC BACBC21到40题 BABBD ADBBD BCBAB AACAA A。
中考英语专题复习之主谓一致和倒装句
中考英语专题复习之主谓一致和倒装句一、主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
1.语法一致原则指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
a.单数名词、不定式、动名词、不定代词、从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；b.主语后接with,along with,as well as,including,besides,like,except,but等短语时，谓语动词的单复数只与介词前的名词有关。
c.常以复数形式出现的名词（shoes,clothes,glasses,gloves等）作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数，但这些名词前被a pair of修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。
d.a number of+名词复数(许多)，作主语，谓语用复数；the number of+名词复数（…的数量），作主语，谓语用单数。
e.the +形容词，表示一类人，作主语，谓语用复数；f.a lot of,lots of,plenty of+名词,分数/百分数+of+名词作主语,谓语动词与后面的名词保持一致；g.在定语从句中，关系代词that,who,which等作主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致；h.在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语保持一致；i.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
j.and或both…and…连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
k.单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。
2.意义一致原则指谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。
a.police,people等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；b.news,physics,maths以及以s结尾的书名、国名作主语时，谓语用单数；c.由and连接的两个名词作主语,指同一概念时,谓语用单数. The doctor and writer is very famous.d.书名、报纸名、国家等复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数；e.one and a half后接名词复数作主语时,谓语用单数；One and a half cakes is a good meal for him.f.表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词作主语时，通常被看做一个整体，谓语用单数。
初中英语语法趣讲专题14 主谓一致和倒装句
A. are
B. is
C. was
D. were
Let’s try.
Good morning ! My name is Shuai lihao .I am three years old now. There are 3 people in my family . My father
is tall . My mother has (have) long black hair . Both of them are teachers. And I am a good child.
A lot of money in the shop was stolen yesterday. A lot of students are from England in the school.
二、意义一致
这一原则是指,从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题.有时主语形式 上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义也用复数形式; 而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语依意义亦用 单数形式。
All of them__a_r_e_ workers. Bill
Can you find out the rule
英语句子中的主语与谓语动词应在
between subjects and verbs? 人称和数上保持一致—— 主谓一致
语法一致 三原则 意义一致
就近一致
单单复复 形单意复复 形复意单单
A. has
B. have
C. is
D. are
10. The news __C___ exciting. We got excited at it.
A. is
B. are
C. was
完全倒装句与主谓一致
完全倒装句与主谓一致完全倒装句与主谓一致以下是店铺整理的倒装句中完全倒装的四种句型及主谓一致讲解，希望对大家有所帮助一、完全倒装的四种主要类型1. here 和there位于句首时的倒装表示地点的here和 there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。
这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：Here’s Tom. 汤姆在这里。
There’s Jim. 吉姆在那儿。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。
【注意】(1) 以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说 Here is coming the bus。
(2) 若主语为代词，则不倒装：Here I am. 我在这儿。
/ 我来了。
Here it comes. 它来了。
(3) 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词(表示存在)：There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。
Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 从前有个人名叫比夫。
2. away和down等位于句首时的倒装地点副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。
这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。
Round and round flew the plane. 飞机盘旋着。
The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了，史密斯先生进了来。
Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。
倒装句主谓一致口诀
倒装句主谓一致口诀倒装句是英语语法中常见的一种句式，它将谓语动词放在主语之前，从而达到强调、修辞或语气的目的。
在倒装句中，主谓一致是非常重要的语法规则，它要求谓语动词的形式与主语保持一致。
以下是一个简单的口诀，帮助记忆和理解倒装句主谓一致的规则："主谓一致，动词别犯迷糊。
单数主语，动词加-s，如：He goes to school.复数主语，动词去s，如：They go to school."这个简单的口诀可以帮助我们记住主谓一致的规则。
当主语为单数时，谓语动词需要加上-s的变化形式；而当主语为复数时，谓语动词则不需要加-s。
例如：-The cat jumps over the fence.（猫跳过了篱笆。
）-The dogs bark loudly.（狗们大声吠叫。
）此外，还有一些特殊情况需要注意：1.当主语是第三人称单数，并且以-s结尾的名词时，谓语动词不需要再加上额外的-s。
例如：-James play sbasketball.（詹姆斯打篮球。
）2.当主语是第三人称单数，并且以不发音的字母结尾（如：s,x,z,ch,sh）时，谓语动词需要加上-es的变化形式。
例如：-She watches TV every night.（她每晚看电视。
）-The box closes automatically.（盒子会自动关闭。
）3.当主语是第一人称单数或复数时，谓语动词使用基本形式，不需要加上任何变化。
例如：-I love to read books.（我喜欢读书。
）-We enjoy playing soccer.（我们喜欢踢足球。
）这个口诀可以帮助我们记住倒装句中主谓一致的规则，但在实际应用中还需要根据具体的语境和语法要求进行判断和运用。
通过不断练习和阅读，我们可以更好地掌握和理解英语语法中的各种规则。
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主谓一致和倒装句一、单项选择1.Doing eye exercises_____ good for our eyes.A. isB. areC. were D .be2. My family _____going to the park for a picnic next weekend.A. is B .are C .was D .were3. My shoes ____worn out. Can you buy me a pair?Oh, look! There _____ a pair of new shoes that I bought for you.A .is; areB .are; is C. is; is D .are; are4. Neither Jim nor his cousin ____to American, but ____of them know the country very well.A .has been; wellB .have been; bothC .has been; allD .has been; both5. Three hours ____quite a long time for the students to play computer games every day.A. isB. wereC. wasD. are6. The police ____searching the city for a thief.A. beB. areC. isD. was7. The teacher and artist _____to visit our school.A. is comingB. are comingC. have comeD. was coming8. How many students are there in your school?____ the students in our school _____over 2000.A. The number of ；isB. The number of ;areC. A number of; isD. A number of; are9. Nobody expect you _____late for the meeting yesterday afternoon.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are10. As we all know, the Japanese ____Japanese.A. speakB. speaksC. spokeD. spoken11. Kate as well as most girls ____wearing beautiful clothes, but herfamily ____very poor.A .like; are B. likes; are C .like; is D. likes; is12. Either Eve or Herb ____been invited by Lucy’s parents already.A .have B. has C. was D. were13. There ____a knife and fork on the table.A. seems to beB. seems to beC. is seeming to beD. are14. It rained heavily yesterday, but ____of the students was late forschool.A. bothB. allC. noneD. every15. One of us _____a new bicycle.A. haveB. hasC. there isD. there are16. James with the Greens ____the Whites Tower Park if it____tomorrow.A. are going to; isn’t rainyB. are going to; does n’t rainC. is going to; won’t rainD. is going to; isn’t rainy17. Neither Jim nor his cousins ____to America, but ____of them knowthe country very well.A. have been; allB. have been; bothC. has been; allD. has been; both18. ____of us in our class likes playing basketball.A. Every oneB. EveryoneC. AllD. Both19. Why did you choose English instead of Japanese?Because Japanese ____as popular as English.A. isn’tB. aren’tC. has beenD. have been20. There _____a table with three legs in Jenny’s room.A. isB. areC. hasD. have21. Where’s your father?He ______Shanghai .He’ll be back next week.A.has gone toB. has been toC. have gone toD. have been to22. Emma isn’t here. She with her mother ____to America for a holiday.A. has goneB. have goneC. has beenD. have been23. Between the two hills____ a deep river.A. are B .have C .has D .is24. Why are you in such a hurry, Mike?--There _____an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.A.will have B . will be C. is going to have D. are going to be25. Which would you like, tea or coffee?_Either ____OK, but I prefer coffee ____milk.A. is; hasB. are; withC. is; withD. are; has26. --Hello, Mike .Long time no see .Where are you?--Oh, not only my father but also I _____ Wuhan for a month.A.have gone toB. have been toC. has been toD. have been in27. --David has made great progress recently.--____,and _____.A.So he has ; so you haveB. So he has ;so have youC. So has he ; so have youD. So has he ; so you have28. Every one except Tom and John _____there when the meetingbegan.A.isB. was were D. are29 .I haven’t eaten all the apples, because the rest ____not ripe yet .A.isB. areC. doD. does30. My teacher tighter with his parents _____interested in collectingstamps when they lived in Beijing.A. areB. isC. wereD. was31. –I’m not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.--_____.I have to clean up my bedroom.A. So am IB. Neither am IC. Neither I amD. So I am32. If you want to go to see the movie this evening, so _____I.A. doB. amC. willD. should33. I never drink coffee.--____ .A. So do IB. So did IC. Neither did ID. Neither do I34. My parents never stop going on about(唠叨) how I should studyhard.--_____.A. So my parents doB. Nor my parents doC. Nor do my parentsD. So do my parents35.—David has made great progress recently.--____, and ____.A. So he has; so you haveB. So he has; so have youC. So has he; so have youD. So has he; so you have36.--I’m learning to play tennis.--____.I practice every day but I’m not good at it.A. So am IB. So I amC. Neither am ID. Neither37.-- You forgot ____the door.---Oh, ____.I’ll go and close it.A. closing; so did IB. to close; so I didC. closing; nor did ID. to close; neither did I38. – Hi, Kate. We are going to help Grandma Li with her homework thisSaturday afternoon.--______ .A. So I amB. So do IC. So I doD. So am I39. -- I have changed my job--_____A. So do IB. So have IC. So I doD. So I have40. Mike didn’t make any mistakes in this test;______.A. so did tomB. both did tomC. none did tom C. neither did tom41.--Would you like to go to the amusement park?--If Jack does,______.A .I go to B. so will I C. neither will I D. so do I二、用括号内所给词语的正确形式填空。