强调句和倒装句讲解与练习
高中英语倒装句等特殊句式讲义以及练习题(高考总复习,纯干货,原创)
第一个我们来学习倒装句，倒装属于单选常考的知识点，而且也是写作中的较高级句式了。
一、倒装：完全倒装、部分倒装、形式倒装（假倒装）***倒装句口诀：地点全倒装，son也虚假关于完全倒装“地点全倒装”的意思是：句子中将表示地点、时间等方位位置或者时间的副词、介词等词提前时，句子要全部倒装。
全部倒装的句式结构：地点+谓语+主语。
1.表示地点方位位置的副词、介词，运动方位的副词(under,there,here,out,in,up,down,away,near,opposite……)、时间的副词(now,then)位于句首时, 句子要全部倒装。
A girl sits under the tree倒装后变为Under the tree sits a girl.注意完全倒装中，代词做主语不倒装.如果说这句话是代词做主语：She sits under the tree.那么即使是将描述地点的介词提前，这句话也不倒装，而是变为Under the tree she sits.练习题（1）A bus comes here.= _______________________________________________________ 练习题（2）Your turn comes now.= ____________________________________________________Here/there句型用一般现在时，代词做主语不倒装；Here you are. Here it is.关于部分倒装口诀的下半句中“S on也虚”对应部分倒装，我们来看一下部分倒装的结构。
部分倒装的句式结构：就是将部分倒装标志词提前以后，句子变为一般疑问句语序。
即：标志词+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+其他……S：So/such……that……(注意：“主倒从不倒”，也就是说是so/such所在的主句倒装，that后的从句不用倒)，看例句：He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood.=so是标志词，所以so clearly这个意群提前（举个例子来说意群：一辆出租车来了=来了一辆出租车，其中“一辆出租车”这几个字不能拆分，它就是一个意群）,然后再将主句调整为上边说的部分倒装句式结构。
语法综合讲练-倒装句和强调句
Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
4. there be 句型
e.g. There is no place left for the piano.
在2004年，中国大约发生了五十多万 起交通事故。
There were about 500,000 traffic accidents happening in China in 2004.
写出下列句子的倒装句
一只老虎从丛林中冲了出来。 A tiger rushed out from the woods Out rushed a tiger from the woods.
我从未听说过这样的事情.
I have never heard such a thing. Never have I heard such a thing.
4. 表示时间频率的状语位于句首时，且表 示强调。 e.g. 我们经常警告他们不要那样做。
We often warn them not to do so.
出口外面站着两个警官。
Two police officers stood outside the entrance. Outside the entrance stood two police officers.
二、部分倒装的九种情形 (指把谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态 动词等移到主语之前)
标志词+助动词/情态动词+主语+其它
比较
1) They went out before day broke and came home before noon. So lived the couple for many months before they were divorced. 2) --He is very hardworking. --So he is. 他确实如此。（同意别人的观 点） 3) He likes music, so do I.
英语中的强调句和倒装句
英语中的强调句和倒装句强调句和倒装句是英语语法中的两种重要句型，它们在句子中起到强调和突出某一成分的作用。
在英语写作中，合理运用强调句和倒装句可以使文章更加生动有力，增加语言的表达效果。
本文将从强调句和倒装句的定义、形式、用法以及例句等方面进行探讨，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用这两种句型。
一、强调句的定义和形式强调句是为了突出或强调某一成分而进行的句子结构调整。
在英语中，强调句通常通过将强调的成分提前或使用特殊的强调结构来实现。
强调句的形式有多种，包括强调代词、强调副词、强调形容词和强调句子等。
1. 强调代词强调代词是一种特殊的代词，用于强调句子中的某一成分。
常见的强调代词有：itself, himself, herself, themselves, yourself, myself, ourselves, yourselves等。
例如：- It was John himself who broke the vase.（是约翰自己打破了花瓶。
）- She herself cooked the delicious meal.（她亲自做了这顿美味的饭菜。
）2. 强调副词强调副词用于强调句子中的某一副词或短语，常见的强调副词有：only, just, even, never, ever等。
例如：- He only ate one slice of cake.（他只吃了一块蛋糕。
）- I have never been to Paris before.（我以前从未去过巴黎。
）3. 强调形容词强调形容词用于强调句子中的某一名词或代词，常见的强调形容词有：real, true, only等。
例如：- This is the only book I have.（这是我唯一的一本书。
）- He is a true friend.（他是一个真正的朋友。
）4. 强调句子强调句子是通过强调结构来强调整个句子的内容。
常见的强调结构有：Itis/was...that, What...is/was等。
高中英语知识点归纳倒装句与强调句
高中英语知识点归纳倒装句与强调句高中英语知识点归纳：倒装句与强调句倒装句是英语语法中的一种特殊句型，常常用来强调某一部分内容或改变句子的语序。
在高中英语学习中，倒装句是一个重要的知识点。
本文将就倒装句和强调句的形式、用法及例句进行归纳，以帮助学生更好地理解和掌握。
一、倒装句倒装句按照句子成分的不同，可分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种形式。
1. 完全倒装：将助动词、情态动词或助动词+动词原形放在主语之前，构成完全倒装。
例句1：Never have I seen such a beautiful landscape.（我从未见过如此美丽的风景。
）例句2：Rarely does she go to bed before midnight.（她很少在午夜之前上床睡觉。
）2. 部分倒装：将谓语动词的一部分放在主语之前，构成部分倒装。
2.1. 否定副词放在句首倒装例句3：Not only did he pass the exam, but he also got the highest score.（他不仅通过了考试，而且还得了最高分。
）2.2. 表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首倒装例句4：Out rushed the students when the bell rang.（铃声一响，学生们就冲了出去。
）2.3. 在以“so/such+形容词/副词”作状语的句子中，将“so/such”放在句首倒装，强调后面的形容词/副词。
例句5：So beautiful is the sunset that everyone stops to admire it.（夕阳是如此美丽，以至于每个人都驻足欣赏。
）二、强调句强调句主要通过倒装句的形式，将要强调的成分放在句首，从而突出强调的重点。
1. 强调句的基本结构为“It is/was + 被强调成分 + that/who + 句子其他部分”。
例句6：It was John who broke the window.（是约翰打破了窗户。
语法辨析强调句与倒装句的区别与应用
语法辨析强调句与倒装句的区别与应用强调句与倒装句是英语语法中常见的两种结构，它们在句子结构和语义表达上具有一定的相似之处，但同时又有着明显的区别和不同的应用场景。
本文将对强调句和倒装句进行详细的辨析，并分析它们在实际运用中的差异和适用范围。
一、强调句的特点和应用强调句是为了突出某个成分、某种情况或某个观点而使用的特殊句式，通过在句子中使用"it is"或"there is/are"等结构进行增强语气，进而产生强调的效果。
在强调句中，被强调的成分通常放在句首或句末位置。
1. 强调句的形式强调句的基本形式为："It is/was" + 被强调部分 + "that/who/which" + 其余部分。
例如：- It is Mary who won the first prize in the competition.- There is an urgent matter that needs your immediate attention.2. 强调句的功能强调句的主要功能是为了使某个成分显得更为突出和重要，从而引起读者或听者的注意。
它可以用于强调人物、事物、地点、时间、原因等各种具体的成分。
例如：- It was at the top of the mountain that they finally found the lost treasure.- There is only one person who can solve this problem.二、倒装句的特点和应用倒装句是指在英语句子中，将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前的结构。
它常用于条件句、状语从句、助动词后面省略的情况以及某些特殊句型中，以使句子结构更加紧凑或突出句子中的某些成分。
1. 完全倒装句在一般陈述句中，要出现倒装结构，主要有以下几种情况：- 在表示地点和方向的状语从句中，介词短语位于句首时，需要倒装。
高考英语倒装句和强调句考点总结及真题解析
考点26 倒装句和强调句高考频度：★★★★☆倒装句考向一全部倒装把谓语全部提到主语前面，叫全部倒装。
主要有：1.there be 句型：可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外，还可用live，happen，exist，remain，stand等等作这类句型的谓语。
如：There are many students in the classroom.教室里有许多学生。
Long, long ago there lived a king who loved horses very much.很久很久以前，有一位国王，他非常喜欢马。
There happened to be nobody in the bedroom when the fire broke out.起火的时候，碰巧房间里面没有人。
John opened the door. There _________ he had never seen before.A. a girl did standB. a girl stoodC. did a girl standD. stood a girl【答案】D【解析】考查倒装。
表示存在关系的句子，将表地点的副词或介词短语提至句首时，若主语为名词，应采用完全倒装语序。
此题中将表地点的副词.there提到了句首，而且主语为名词a girl，所以要采用完全倒装语序，所以选D项。
2.Here/There/Now＋vi.（常为come, go）＋主语（必须是名词）此句型中here/there用来唤起注意意思是＂喂，注意了＂。
如：Here comes Mary. → I can see Mary coming.玛丽来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
→I can hear the bell ringing.Here comes the bus.汽车来了。
There he comes.他来了。
这种句型不能用现在进行时。
倒装句与强调句
倒装句与强调句倒装句和强调句是英语语法中常见的两种句式结构。
倒装句可以改变常规的词序，将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前，常用于强调句中。
而强调句则用于强调句子中的某一成分，使其在句子中更加突出。
本文将详细介绍倒装句和强调句的用法及示例。
一、倒装句的用法倒装句是英语中常见的一种句型，常用于以下几种情况：1. 在以否定词开头的句子中，将助动词或谓语动词提前。
例如：Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset. (我从未见过如此美丽的日落。
)Not only did she pass the exam, but she also got the highest score. (她不仅通过了考试，还得到了最高分。
)2. 在以表示地点、方向或方式的副词短语开头的句子中。
例如：Up went the balloon into the sky. (气球升上了天空。
)Out rushed the children when the school bell rang. (铃声一响，孩子们冲了出去。
)3. 在以表示否定意义的副词或短语开头的句子中。
例如：Never before had I seen such a beautiful painting. (我从未见过如此美丽的画作。
)Little did she know about the surprise birthday party. (她对生日惊喜派对一无所知。
)4. 在以表语或状语开头的句子中，为了强调表语或状语。
例如：Cold was the wind that blew through the valley. (吹过山谷的风很冷。
) Hard did she work to achieve her dreams. (她努力工作以实现她的梦想。
)二、强调句的用法强调句用于强调句子中的某一成分，使其在句子中更加突出。
通常使用it is/was...that来引导强调句。
语法中的倒装句与强调句型
语法中的倒装句与强调句型倒装句和强调句是英语语法中常用的句型，它们在句子结构和表达效果方面具有独特的特点。
本文将详细介绍倒装句和强调句的定义、用法和变换形式，并结合具体例子加以说明。
一、倒装句倒装句是指将正常语序中的主语和谓语进行调换，从而改变句子的结构。
倒装句分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种形式。
1. 完全倒装完全倒装句的主语和谓语之间完全调换位置，常见的情况包括：a. 在以副词或短语开头的句子中，如：Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset before.（我从未见过如此美丽的日落。
）b. 在以表示地点的副词或介词短语开头的句子中，如：Up the hill ran the little boy.（小男孩跑上了山坡。
）c. 在以否定词开头的句子中，如：Not only did he lose his job, but he also had to pay a fine.（他不仅失去了工作，还必须支付罚款。
）2. 部分倒装部分倒装句是指将助动词、系动词或情态动词与主语进行调换位置，常见的情况包括：a. 在以否定副词或短语开头的句子中，如：Seldom do I go to the cinema.（我很少去电影院。
）b. 在以表示否定意义的副词或词组放在句首引起的句子中，如：Under no circumstances can you smoke here.（在任何情况下，你都不能在这里吸烟。
）c. 在以only修饰状语时引起的句子中，如：Only in this way can you achieve success.（只有这样，你才能取得成功。
）二、强调句强调句是指通过特定的结构和表达方式来强调句子中的某个成分，以突出其重要性或特殊性。
强调句通常使用it is/was…that结构或者wh-词 + do/does/did结构。
1. It is/was…that结构强调句中的主语通常被置于it is/was…that开头的句子中，通过这种方式突出主语。
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强调句和倒装句倒装是一种语法手段。
在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。
但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装。
倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，一是为了强调。
强调句为了使句子的某一个成分受到强调，改变句子结构。
高考重点要求：1、掌握部分倒装，全部倒装的句型及倒装形式2、掌握倒装句的都中使用方式第一节知识点扫描一、强调句为了突出某一部分重要信息，常常借用语法中的变换句子的正常语序，将某个成分置于句首或句末，或者通过词汇手段突出句子的某个成分。
1. it 为先行词的强调结构It was Li Ping who told me the news. (强调人时才能用who)It was in the park that I met him. (强调地点不能用where，只能用that)It was yesterday that I saw him off at the airport. (强调时间不能用when，只能用that)2. 助动词do 的强调作用在行为动词作谓语的句子中，常用“助动词do或did” + 谓语“动词原形”表示强调语气。
例如：She did go to see him yesterday.We do have four lessons in the morning.二、倒装句句子的排列顺序，通常是主语在前，谓语在后。
倒装语序，谓语在前，主语在后。
陈述句一般都是自然语序，一般疑问句都是倒装语序。
例如：He speaks English.(陈述句，自然语序)Does he speak English?(疑问句倒装语序)倒装语序：全部倒装，整个谓语放在主语之前。
部分倒装，谓语中需要强调的是一部分放在主语之前，其他部分仍放在主语之后。
倒装语序的作用，着重强调部分放在句首，引人注目。
变化句子，使句子生动活泼。
例如：The bus comes home.(自然语序)Here comes the bus.(倒装语序)倒装句除疑问句及“there + be “句之外，陈述句为了强调谓语或谓语某个部分也常可用倒装句，另外so,neither,no等词经常用于对话简略答语的句首，用倒装语序避免重复。
第二节实战演练一、复习时需注意的要点1. 全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
例如：Here he comes. Away they went.当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。
意为"的确如此"。
例如：Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.—It's raining hard.—So it is.2、only在句首要倒装的情况例如：Only in this way, can you learn English well.Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.3、在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had,should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。
例如：Were I you, I would try it again.4、只有当Not only…b ut also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。
如果置于句首的Not only…but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。
例如：Not only you but also I am fond of music.二、历届高考试题分析例1、The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________with each other.A. they had quarrelledB. they have quarrelledC. have they quarrelledD. had they quarreled答案选C。
【解析】考部分主谓倒装。
否定句(如该句中的never)在句首时，应用部分主谓倒装。
这类副词有：never ,hardly ,seldom ,scarcely，little等。
这句话的意思是：那对老夫妇结婚已经四十年了，连一次架也没吵过。
例2、Never before ____ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A. has this city beenB. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was答案：A【解析】表示否定含义的副词never 放句首用部分倒装。
例3、Only in this way_________ to make improvement in the operating system.A. you can hopeB. you did hopeC. can you hopeD. did you hope答案为C。
【解析】在含有only+状语的句子中，谓语动词要进行倒装。
这句话的意思是：只有用这种方法，才能改善操作系统。
例4、I feel it is your husband who _______ for the spoiled child.A. is to blameB. is going to blameC. is to be blamedD. should blame答案为A。
【解析】 be to blame是固定短语，意思是“该受责备”。
这是一个强调句，强调主语your husband。
这句话的意思是：我感觉惯坏孩子该怨你的丈夫。
一些考生只注意到blame是及物动词，误选了is to be blamed,这表示将要发生的事，与语义不符。
例5、—You forgot your purse when you went out.—Good heavens, _______.A. so did IB. so I did did so so did答案为B。
【解析】“so+正装句”的意思是“是的”，表示同意别人所说的话。
所提供的情境Good heaven说明自己确实在出门时忘了带钱包，所以回答说：“so I did.”。
so I did的意思是“我确实忘了带钱包。
”注意区别so I did, so did I, I did so。
例：①“He sang this song just now.”—“So did I.”(我也是)②The doctor told me to breathe deeply.“I did so”.(我照着医生的吩咐做了深呼吸)③“You forget to post the letter for me.”—“So I did.”(我的确忘了邮信了)。
例6、Not only ________interested in football but ________ beginning to show an interest in it.A. the teacher himself is…all his students areB. the teacher himself is…are all his studentsC. is the teacher himself…are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself…all his students are答案为D。
【解析】 Not only… but…引导的句子前一部分要用倒装。
这句话的意思是：不仅老师对足球感兴趣，学生们也开始对足球感兴趣了。
例7、So difficult ________it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.A. I have feltB. have I feltC. I did feelD. did I feel答案为D。
【解析】以“so+形容词”开头的句子要倒装。
此句变为不倒装句为：I felt it so difficult to live in an English country that I determined to learn English well.这句话的意思是：在一个说英语的国家里生活那么困难，我决定学习英语。
例8、_______can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard workB. Although work hardC. Only with hard workD. Now that he works hard答案为C。
【解析】 Only+介词短语(副词、状语从句)+部分倒装。
例9、Only when the war was over ________to his hometown.A. did the young soldier returnB. the young soldier returnedC. returned the young soldierD. the young soldier did return答案为A。
【解析】 only+状语或状语从句作状语时主句要进行倒装。
本句是only+时间状语从句，所以后接的主句要倒装。
这句话的意思是：直到战争结束后，这个年轻的战士才得以返回故乡。
例10、An awful accident ________, however, occur the other day.A. doesB. didC. has toD. had to答案为B。
【解析】这是一个对谓语强调的句子。
时间状语the other day表示过去，所以要用一般过去时。
由于在主语和谓语中间插入了however，增加了试题的难度。
注意：对谓语强调句子必须用于肯定句的一般时中，在谓语动词前加did, does或do。
第三节巩固练习Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.1. Here you want to see.A. comes the comradeB. comes a comradeC. the comrade comesD. is coming a comrade2. Now your turn to keep guard.A. there isB. is goingC. comesD. has come3. Spring begins in March, then .A. April and May comeB. April is comingC. come April and MayD. is April coming4. He has finished his work, .A. I have finished soB. so finished IC. so can ID. so have I5. He can hardly drive a car, .A. so can’t IB. can’t I eitherC. I can’t tooD. neither can I6. than they started to work.A. No sooner they had got to the plantB. No sooner did they get to the plantC. No sooner had they got to the plantD. As soon as they got to the plant7. Not until Mr. Smith came to China what kind of a country she is.A. did he knowB. he knewC. he didn’t knowD. he could know8. Across the river .A. lies a new built bridgeB. lies a newly built bridgeC. a new built bridge liesD. a newly built bridge lies9. So fast t hat it’s difficult for us to imagine its speed.A. light travelsB. travels the lightC. do light travelsD. does light travel10. Not only the data fed into it, but it can also analyse them.A. can the computer memorizeB. the computer can memorizeC. do the computer memorizeD. can memorize the computer11. talk about the importance of English study.A. Little need IB. Little I needC. Little did I needD. Little I needed12. ill-mannered, the laziest and most irresponsible creature you could ever hope to meet.A. Not only is he … but he is alsoB. Not only is he … but also is heC. Not only he is … but also is heD. Not only be he … but also he be13. got outside than it began to rain.A. Not sooner I hadB. No sooner had IC. No sooner ID. I no sooner had got14. did Anne realize that there was danger.A. On entering the storeB. After he had entered the storeC. Only after entering the storeD. As soon as he entered the store15. Very seldom that two clocks or watches exactly agree.A. you findB. you will findC. you do findD. do you find16. You think everything will be all right in time. .A. So I doB. So I thinkC. Nor do ID. So do I17. Little that John would become a famous writer.A. we thoughtB. we thinkC. did we thinkD. we think of18. My brother had a bad cold last week, .A. so had IB. so I hadC. so did ID. so I did19. Not only to New York but also there for a time.A. has he been … he workedB. has he been … did he workC. he has been … did he workD. he has gone … did he work20. Not only a writer but also here.A. a doctor were wantedB. were a doctor wantedC. a doctor was wantedD. was a doctor wanted21. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages attracted the audience’s interest.A. so thatB. whatC. in whichD. that22. Neither read, nor to write.A. can he … can heB. can he … he canC. he can…. Can heD. he can … he can23. Not Until the work to bed.A. did he finish … he wentB. he finished … he wentC. he finished … did he goD. he finished … had he gone24. It was a year ago I first met him here.A. whichB. thatC. in whichD. when25. Who is it is waiting outside the room?A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that26. It was not until 11 o’clock the experiment.A. did he finishB. that he finishedC. when they finishedD. that did he finish27. Barely had they seated themselves hurriedly in the theatre _____ the curtain went up.A. thanB. whenC. as soon asD. before28. I’d rather stay at home than go to see a film, .A. neither had heB. neither would heC. so had heD. so would he29. Often the girl sing in her room.A. hears heB. he hearsC. does he hearD. does hears he30. On the top of the hill where I once visited the monk.A. a temple standsB. does a temple standC. a temple stands thereD. stands a temple31. Was it because he was ill he asked for leave?A. andB. thatC. that’sD. so32. Is it in that factory this kind of cat is made?A. in whichB. whereC. thatD. which33. Not a single song at yesterday’s party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. she did sing34. Not only _____ their money, but they were also in danger of losing their lives.A. lost theyB. they lostC. did they loseD. they did lose35. Barely time to catch the bus.A. did he hasB. he hasC. has heD. did he have36. On the stairs in red.A. a small dark-haired girl was sittingB.was sitting a small dark-haired girlC.sitting a small dark-haired girl wasD.was a small dark-haired girl sitting37. “May I use your calculator”“ .”A. Here is itB. Here are youC. Here the calculator isD. Here you are38. hot is the sun that we cannot go out at present.A. VeryB. TooC. SoD. Such39. do I get invited into his office.A. OnlyB. RarelyC. Not onlyD. Never before40. A few miles further on .A. the city lies of SpringfieldB. does the city of Springfield lieC. lies the city of SpringfieldD. where lies the city of Springfield41. Which sentence is right?A. Do the great Chinese people live long !B. Long live the great Chinese people !C. Long will the great Chinese people live !D. Long live for the great Chinese people !42. Which sentence is right.A.May you succeed !B. You may succeed!C. Succeed may you !D. Succeed you may!43. Very important in the farmers’ life .A. the radio weather report isB. the radio weather report has beenC. is the radio weather reportD. have been the radio weather report44. His parents are always strict with him . Only after his homeworkto go out and play with his friends.A. he has finished , was he allowsB.he has finished , he is allowedC.he had finished , was he allowedD.he finished , is he allowed45. Only in this way expect to get over so many difficulties .A. we are sure toB. can weC. that we canD. that can we46. Was it during the Second World War _____ his family all died?A. thatB. thenC. whenD. in which47. I really don’t know _____ it was that answered the phone this morning.A. whyB. whoC. howD. whether48. It was ten years ____ he returned to his hometown and set out to revenge his dead father.A. sinceB. thatC. beforeD. whenour feet _____ that our life depends on for food and clothing.A. the earth layB. the earth liesC. lies the earthD. does the earth lie50. He’ll never succeed , hard he tires.A. whateverB. despiteC. thoughD. however强调句和倒装句答案：1. A2. C3. C4. D5. D6. C7. A8. B9. D 10. A 11. A 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 16. D 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. C 50. D。