初中英语现在完成时详解
初中英语现在完成时的知识点归纳
初中英语现在完成时的知识点归纳知识点1：现在完成时的构成现在完成时由助动词have/has加上过去分词构成。
当主语是第三人称单数时，要使用has；其他情况下使用have。
例如：I have finished my homework.（我已经完成了作业）She has eaten breakfast.（她已经吃完早饭）知识点2：现在完成时的用法（1）表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调完成的结果。
例如：I have read that book.（我读过那本书）（强调现在了解并记住这本书的内容）（2）表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在。
例如：She has lived in London for five years.（她在伦敦住了五年了）（强调过去到现在一直在伦敦住）（3）表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，可能还会继续下去。
例如：They have been friends since they were kids.（他们从小就是朋友）（强调过去到现在一直是朋友，可能还会继续保持朋友关系）知识点3：现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时常与以下时间状语连用：just（刚刚）、already（已经）、never（从来没有）、ever（曾经）、yet（还、仍然）、recently （最近）、since（自从）、for（持续了多久）等。
例如：I have just finished my homework.（我刚刚完成了作业）Have you ever been to America?（你去过美国吗？）They haven't seen each other since last year.（他们自从去年就没有见过面了）知识点4：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，而一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态。
例如：He has lost his key.（他丢了钥匙，结果是他现在找不到）He lost his key.（他丢了钥匙）知识点5：现在完成时否定句和疑问句的构成现在完成时的否定句和疑问句构成是在助动词have/has之后加not 或否定词，疑问句将助动词have/has提到句首。
2024年中考英语语法复习+—现在完成时课件
Have you seen the doctor？ 你看过医生了吗？
在现在完成时中，当主语是I/you/we/they时，助动词用 have；当主语是第三人称单数时，助动词用has。
三、现在完成时的使用
1.表示过去发生并结束的动作对现在所产生的影响
He has left the city. 他已离开了这个城市。（结果：他不在这个城市。）
一、基本构成：have/has+done
I have finished my homework. 我已完成了作业。 （这里的finished就是动词finish的 过去分词。）
二、现在完成时不同人称的用法 I have washed my car.我洗过车子了。
We have done the whole work.我们干完了所有活儿。
A．practised
B．were practising C．have been practising
C
3 . —Where is mother?
—She is in the kitchen. She ________ the
housework all morning.
A．is doing
B．was doing
B．was studying
C．studied
D．have been studying
D
15 . “I _____ as everyone expects ”, Yao Ming
said .
A．haven’t played
B．haven’t been playing
C．didn’t play
D．am not playing
初中英语现在完成时详解
如今完成时【1 】一.如今完成时组成组成：如今完成时由助动词have + 曩昔分词组成,助动词have 有人称和数的变更.第三人称单数用has,其余用have.如今完成时的否认式直接在助动词后面加上not.疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前.以study 为例,其否认式.疑问式和简略答复情势如下：1.如今完成时平日暗示在措辞之前已经完成的动作或消失的状况.措辞人强调的是该动作或状况对如今的成果或影响.My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去.I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面.She has arrived. 她到了.2.暗示中断到如今的动作或状况,往往和包含如今在内的暗示一段时光的状语连用,如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等.如：I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信.We haven’t seen you recently. 比来我们没有见到你.They have been away for two years. 他们分开已经两年了.She has been with us since Monday.①for+时段②since+曩昔一个时光点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（曩昔时）⑤It is+时段+since+从句（曩昔时）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.留意：since和for的差别since后接时光点,如1993,last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时光,暗示“长达多久”,如ten years, a while, two days等.3.暗示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等,在完成时当中不克不及和暗示一段时光的状语连用,因为它们暗示的动作不成能中断.是以,不克不及说：He has come here for 2 weeks. ×The old man has died for 4 months. ×They have left only for 5 minutes. ×4.has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的差别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(如今不在措辞现场,可能在路上和已经到)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.5.如今完成时不克不及和暗示曩昔的时光状语连用,如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in,但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用.不克不及与when连用.如今完成时往往同暗示不肯定的曩昔时光状语连用例如：She has already come. 她已经来了.I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个.I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他.Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一向是个勤学生.I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他.They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安.I haven't seen him lately. 我比来没看到他.三.如今完成时的标记1.如今完成时的寄义之一是曩昔完成的动尴尬刁难如今仍有影响,用以下四大标记词可以表达这种寄义:* 以already, just和yet为标记He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮忙.He has just seen the film.他方才看过这场片子.He hasn't come back yet.他还没有回来.* 以ever和never为标记This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾看过的最好的一部片子.He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京.* 以动作产生的次数为标记He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了.* 以so far（到今朝为止）为标+beforeHe has got to Beijing so far.到今朝为止他已到了北京.She has passed the exam so far.到今朝为止她已经经由过程了测验.2.曩昔已经开端的动作一向延续到如今, 甚至有可能中断延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特征和“时光”点段的区分入手,进一步进修如今完成时.①for+时段②since+曩昔一个时光点（曩昔从句）为标记四. 刹时动词buy, die, join, come,go ,leave, join ……不克不及直接与for since 连用.要转变动词buy----have borrow -----keepcome/arrive/reach/get to-----be ingo out----be out leave ----be awaybegin-----be on finish----be overopen----be open close -----be closeddie----be dead1.have代替buyMy brother has had(不克不及用has bought) this bike for almost four years.2.用keep或have代替borrowI have kept(不克不及用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.3.用be替代becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?4.用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5.用wear代替put on6.用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词be＋married代marry be＋ill代fall (get) illbe＋dead代die be＋asleep代fall (get) asleepbe＋awake代wake/wake up be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leavebe＋open代open be closed代close/shutbe＋missing(gone,lost)代lose7.用“be＋副词”代终止性动词be＋on代startbegin“be＋up”代get up“be＋back(to)”代return to, come back to, go back to“be here (there)”代come(arrive, reach, get) here或go (arrive, reach, get) there8.用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to经常应用刹时动词变延续性动词表：1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.→have been in sw./at…响应的介词2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back3. have come/gone out →have been out4. have become → have been5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open6. have got up → have been up;7. have died → have been dead;8. have left sw. → have been away fro m sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep;10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over;11. have married → have been married;12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ;13. have begun → have been on14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had15. have lost → haven’t had16. have put on →have worn17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold;18. have got to know → have known19. have/has gone to → have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Par ty/the army→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…。
初中英语现在完成时详解
初中英语现在完成时详解现在完成时是由助动词have加上过去分词构成的，而助动词have有人称和数的变化，第三人称单数用has，其余用have。
现在完成时的否定式是在助动词后面加上not，疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式：I have not (haven’t) studied….疑问式：Have I studied…。
You have not (haven’t) studied… Have you studied…。
He has not (hasn’t) studied….否定疑问式：XXX…?简单回答（肯定/否定）：Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…。
Yes。
you have。
No。
you haven’t。
Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…。
Yes。
I have。
No。
I haven’t。
Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…。
Yes。
he has。
No。
he hasn’t.现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响，如“My daughter has just gone out”（我女儿刚出去）、“I’m surewe’ve met before”（我肯定我们以前见过面）和“She has arrived”（她到了）等。
此外，现在完成时还可以表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently、already、just、lately、for…、since…、yet等。
例如，“I haven’t heard from her these days”（这些日子我没有收到她的信）和“XXX”（最近我们没有见到你）等。
还有一些表示时间的短语也可以和现在完成时连用，如：①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days。
初中英语语法 现在完成时
初中英语语法现在完成时初中英语语法现在完成时1、现在完成时的构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词过去分词”构成的。
①助动词have/has可以与主语缩写为’ve/’s。
e.g. I have → I’ve We have → We’ve He has → He’s It has → It’s②规则变化的过去分词与动词过去式一样。
③不规则变化的动词过去分词见表。
2、现在完成时的基本句型。
①陈述句肯定形式。
e.g. I have had lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。
He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。
②陈述句否定形式。
(在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t)e.g. I haven’t had lunch. 我还未吃午饭。
He hasn’t gone to Beijing. 他还没有去北京。
③一般疑问句形式及其答语。
(将助动词have/has提前，答语一般用have, has回答)e.g. Have you had lunch? 你吃过午饭了没? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.Has he gone to Beijing? 他去过北京了没有? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.否定回答还可以用：No, not yet. / No, never. / No, not even once等。
④特殊疑问句形式。
(疑问词+一般疑问句)e.g. Where has he gone? 他去了哪里?3、现在完成时的三个基本用法。
(1) 现在完成时的第一个基本用法表示过去发生或已完成的某一个动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
e.g. Have you had lunch? Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. 你吃过午饭没?有，吃过了，我刚刚吃的。
(影响及结果：我现在饱了，不需要了)He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。
（word完整版）初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题讲义
（word完整版）初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题讲义现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词have(has)表明事情发生于现在。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词在句子中做谓语，说明句子的含义。
2.用法（1）动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。
常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
如：-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。
（现在我不饿了）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。
常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。
（可能还要继续教）I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。
如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。
但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。
already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
初中英语现在完成时时态结构与用法详细解析
初中英语现在完成时时态结构与用法详细解析标志：have / has + 动词的过去分词1. 表示一个过去发生并已完成的动作对现在产生影响或结果，强调的是现在的状况（表示“已完成”）。
如：He has left the city. （结果：他目前不在这个城市）Someone has broken the window. （结果：窗户破了）2. 表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也可能还会继续持续下去（表示“未完成”）。
I have been busy since last week.He has taught in our school for 30 years.I’ve finished half so far.注意瞬间动词通常是不能用现在完成时表持续性的，但其否定结构则可以。
如：She hasn’t seen you for ages.His father hasn’t touched beer for a whole week.3. 表示过去到现在为止反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态，常与表示频度的副词always, often, every day等连用。
如：I have often heard that he is the cleverest person in that company.4. 在时间和条件状语从句中，现在完成时表示将来某时完成的动作。
如：I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go the park.5. 与现在完成时连用的常见词语能与现在完成时连用的词语很多，just, already, yet, before, never, ever, recently等，但常见的有：1) since 自从I have been there many times since the war.We haven’t seen each other since last week.We have been friends ever since.2) in / for / during the past/last … years 在过去/最近…中I’ve been ill for the past three weeks.Great changes have take place in the last ten years.I have been here (for) the last/past month.3) so far 到目前为止We haven’t had any trouble so far.So far the search for the missing middle-aged woman has been fruitless.4) up to/until now 到现在为止Up to now he’s been quiet.Up to now, the work has been easy.I have heard nothing from him up till now.Up till now we have planted over 2000 trees.5) It is/will be the first/second … time that …这是第一/二…次…It’s the first time (that) I’ve been here.It will be the first time (that) I’ve spoken in public.It is the second time (that) I have met him today.6) This is + 形容词最高级 + that …这是最…This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen.6. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1) 现在完成时强调对现在的影响和结果，与现在有联系；而一般过去时强调这个动作发生的时间是在过去，不涉及对现在的影响。
初中英语 现在完成时
初中英语语法现在完成时一、构成肯定句：have/has+主语＋过去分词＋其它（当主语是第三人称单数时，用has,其它的用have。
过去分词：规则过去分词与动词过去式相同，不规则动词要特殊记忆）否定句：have/has+主语+not＋过去分词＋其它疑问句：Have/Has+主语＋过去分词＋其它简答：Yes, 主语+have/has.No, 主语＋haven’t/hasn’t二、现在完成时的用法（一）现在完成时的用法一1：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2.谈论到现在为止曾经经历或者没有经历的事情。
3.表达刚刚做完某事，已经做完某事，可与just ，already，yet连用。
此时，常与时间副词already（已经），yet（还、已经），just(刚刚、仅仅) ，ever（曾经），never（从不），before（以前）等连用。
这几个副词的用法如下：1．already意为“已经”，通常用于肯定句中，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。
实例：1）I've already read this book. 我已经读过这本书了。
（“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。
）2）I've washed my clothes already．我已经洗了衣服。
（洗衣服的动作已完成，其结果是“衣服冼干净了”。
）注意：在表示吃惊或明知故问等感情色彩时，already也可用于（口语）疑问句中。
实例：3）Have you met him already ？你（真的）已经见过他了？2．yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中意为“还”，常放在句末。
实例：1）—Has he found his watch yet ？他已经找到他的手表了吗？—No，not yet．不，还没有。
2）The woman hasn't found her dog yet ．那位妇女还没有找到她的狗。
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现在完成时一、现在完成时构成构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：1、现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。
I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2、表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。
如：I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has been with us since Monday.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.注意：since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。
3、表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。
因此，不能说：He has come here for 2 weeks. ×The old man has died for 4 months. ×They have left only for 5 minutes. ×4、has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场，可能在路上和已经到)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.5、现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。
不能与when连用。
现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。
I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。
I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。
Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。
I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。
They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。
I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。
三、现在完成时的标志1、现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。
He hasn't come back yet. 他还没有回来。
* 以ever和never为标志This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。
He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。
* 以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。
* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+beforeHe has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。
She has passed the exam so far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试。
2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。
①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（过去从句）为标志四、瞬间动词buy, die, join, come，go ,leave, join ……不能直接与for since 连用。
要改变动词buy----have borrow -----keepcome/arrive/reach/get to-----be ingo out----be out leave ----be awaybegin-----be on finish----be overopen----be open close -----be closeddie----be dead1、have代替buyMy brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.2、用keep或have代替borrowI have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.3、用be替代becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?4、用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用wear代替put on6、用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词be＋married代marry be＋ill代fall (get) illbe＋dead代die be＋asleep代fall (get) asleepbe＋awake代wake/wake up be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leavebe＋open代open be closed代close/shutbe＋missing(gone,lost)代lose7、用“be＋副词”代终止性动词be＋on代start begin “be＋up”代get up“be＋back(to)”代return to, come back to, go back to“be here (there)”代come(arrive, reach, get) here或go (arrive, reach, get) there 8、用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.→have been in sw./at…相应的介词2. have come/gone back/returned → have been ba ck3. have come/gone out →have been out4. have become → have been5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open6. have got up → have been up；7. have died → have been dead；8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → h ave been asleep；10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over；11. have married → have been married；12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth.；13. have begun → have been on14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had15. have lost → haven’t ha d16. have put on →have worn17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；18. have got to know → have known19. have/has gone to → have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…如有侵权请联系告知删除，感谢你们的配合！。