初中英语名词词义辨析练习题及答案解析

名词词义辨析练习题及答案解析
1．—Hello! May I speak to Tony, please?
— Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong ______.
A．telephoneB．nameC．number
【答案】C
【详解】句意：喂！我可以和Tony接电话吗？——对不起，恐怕你打错电话了。考查名词辨析。telephone电话；name名字；number数字。根据上句“Hello! May I speak to Tony, please?”可知，是双方在打电话；根据答语“sorry”提示可知，应是打错电话号码了。故选C。
4．— Jenny, I can’t solve the problems by myself. What should I do?
— Maybe working in groups is a good ______.
A．methodB．surveyC．report
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—Jenny，我自己解决不了这些问题。我该怎么办？—也许小组合作是个好方法。考查名词辨析。method方法；survey调查；report报告。根据“I can’t solve the problems by myself. What should I do”及“Maybe working in groups is a good…”可知，是提供解决这件事情的办法，故选A。
7．The idiom(成语) “Mengzi’s mother makes three moves” tells of a mother who did all she could to provide the best ______ for her child.
A．experienceB．instructionC．environmentD．information
5． Yuan Longping was a world-famous scientist. Because of his achievements, rice ______ has been increased greatly.
A．populationB．contributionC．productionD．introduction
【答案】C
【详解】句意：袁隆平是世界著名的科学家，由于他的成就，水稻产量大大增加。考查名词辨析。population 人口；contribution贡献；production产量；introduction介绍。根据常识可知，由于袁隆平的成就，水稻产量大大增加。故选C。
6． Yuan Longping and his team have solved the problem of ______ for many people.
【详解】句意：—中国高铁技术处于世界领先地位。—是的。它正在进一步走向世界。考查名词辨析。technology技术；environment环境；population人口。根据“China’s high-speed railway…is leading the world.”可知，是高铁技术，故选A。
9．If you want to be a doctor like Zhong Nanshan, hard work is the key to ______.
A．treasureB．beautyC．successD．health
【答案】C
【详解】句意：如果你想成为像钟南山那样的医生，努力工作是成功的关键。考查名词词义辨析。treasure财富；beauty美丽；success成功；health健康。根据前句“If you want to be a doctor like Zhong Nanshan,”可推知，应是努力工作是成功的关键。故选C。
A．hungerB．healthC．pollutionD．population
【答案】A
【详解】句意：袁隆平和他的团队已经解决了许多人的饥饿问题。考查名词辨析。hunger饥饿；health健康；pollution污染；population人口。根据“Yuan Longping and his team have solved the problem of…for many people.”和常识可知，袁隆平和他的团队解决的是饥饿问题，故选A。
2． If the weather is nice, we could have a(n) ______ in the park.
A．picnicB．chanceC．placeD．idea
【答案】A
【详解】句意：如果天气好，我们可以在公园里野餐。考查名词辨析。picnic野餐；chance机会；place地方；idea想法。根据“If the weather is nice, we could have a(n) …in the park.”可知，如果天气好，可以在公园里野餐。故选A。
8．His beautiful music has brought ______ to people all over the world.
A．difficultyB．pleasureC．atherD．danger
【答案】B
【详解】句意：他优美的音乐给全世界的人带来了快乐。考查名词辨析。difficulty困难；pleasure快乐；weather天气；danger危险。根据“His beautiful music”，结合选项，可知优美的音乐可以给全世界的人带来快乐，故选B。
3．—China’s high-speed railway ______ is leading the world.
—That’s right. It is moving further into the world.
A．technologyB．environmentC．population
【答案】A
【答案】C
【详解】句意：“孟母三迁”这个成语讲述的是一位母亲竭尽全力为孩子提供最好的环境的故事。考查名词辨析。experience经历；instruction指令；environment环境；information信息。根据“Mengzi’s mother makes three moves”及常识，可知，《孟母三迁》讲的就是一个母亲为孩子提供最好环境的故事，故选C。