物理化学中英词汇对照表
物化词汇
一些物理化学专业英语词汇电泳electrophoresis 丁达尔效应Dyndall effect定容摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant volume定容温度计Constant voIume thermometer定压摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant pressure定压温度计constant pressure thermometer定域子系统localized particle system 动力学方程kinetic equations 动力学控制kinetics control 独立子系统independent particle system 对比摩尔体积reduced mole volume 对比体积reduced volume对比温度reduced temperature 对比压力reduced pressure对称数symmetry number 对行反应reversible reactions对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers二级反应second order reaction二级相变second order phase change 法拉第常数faraday constant 法拉第定律Faraday’s law 反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透reverse osmosis 反应分子数molecularity反应级数reaction orders 反应进度extent of reaction反应热heat of reaction 反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数constant of reaction rate范德华常数van der Waals constant范德华方程van der Waals equation范德华力van der Waals force 范德华气体van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程van’t Hoff equation 范特霍夫规则van’t Hoff rule 范特霍夫渗透压公式van’t Hoff equation of osmotic pressure非基元反应non-elementary reactions 非体积功non-volume work 非依时计量学反应time independent stoichiometric reactions菲克扩散第一定律Fick’s first law of diffusion沸点boiling point 沸点升高elevation of boiling point费米－狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics分布distribution 分布数distribution numbers分解电压decomposition voltage 分配定律distribution law分散系统disperse system 分散相dispersion phase分体积partial volume 分体积定律partial volume law分压partial pressure 分压定律partial pressure law分子反应力学mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力intermolecular force 分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统closed system 附加压力excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption 负极negative pole负吸附negative adsorption 复合反应composite reaction盖·吕萨克定律Gay-Lussac law 盖斯定律Hess law甘汞电极calomel electrode 感胶离子序lyotropic series杠杆规则lever rule 高分子溶液macromolecular solution高会溶点upper consolute point 隔离法the isolation method格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’s law隔离系统isolated system 根均方速率root-mean-square speed功work 功函work content共轭溶液conjugate solution 共沸温度azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy 孤立系统isolated system固溶胶solid sol 固态混合物solid solution固相线solid phase line 光反应photoreaction光化学第二定律the second law of actinochemistry光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensitized reactions 光谱熵spectrum entropy 广度性质extensive property 广延量extensive quantity广延性质extensive property 规定熵stipulated entropy过饱和溶液oversaturated solution 过饱和蒸气oversaturated vapor 过程process 过渡状态理论transition state theory过冷水super-cooled water 过冷液体overcooled liquid过热液体overheated liquid 亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtz free energy 亥氏函数Helmholtz function 焓enthalpy 亨利常数Henry constant亨利定律Henry law 恒沸混合物constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant volume恒容热heat at constant volume 恒外压constant external pressure 恒压摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热heat at constant pressure 化学动力学chemical kinetics化学反应计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction化学反应进度extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势chemical affinity 化学热力学chemical thermodynamics 化学势chemical potential 化学势判据chemical potential criterion 化学吸附chemisorptions 环境environment环境熵变entropy change in environment挥发度volatility 混合熵entropy of mixing混合物mixture 活度activity活化控activation control 活化络合物理论activated complex theory 活化能activation energy 霍根-华森图Hougen-Watson Chart基态能级energy level at ground state基希霍夫公式Kirchhoff formula 基元反应elementary reactions积分溶解热integration heat of dissolution吉布斯－杜亥姆方程Gibbs-Duhem equation吉布斯－亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmhotz equation吉布斯函数Gibbs function 吉布斯函数判据Gibbs function criterion 吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption formula吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy 吉氏函数Gibbs function极化电极电势polarization potential of electrode极化曲线polarization curves 极化作用polarization极限摩尔电导率limiting molar conductivity几率因子steric factor 计量式stoichiometric equation计量系数stoichiometric coefficient 价数规则rule of valence简并度degeneracy 键焓bond enthalpy胶冻broth jelly 胶核colloidal nucleus胶凝作用demulsification 胶束micelle 胶体colloid胶体分散系统dispersion system of colloid胶体化学collochemistry胶体粒子colloidal particles 胶团micelle 焦耳Joule焦耳-汤姆生实验Joule-Thomson experiment焦耳-汤姆生系数Joule-Thomson coefficient焦耳-汤姆生效应Joule-Thomson effect 焦耳定律Joule`s law接触电势contact potential 接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process 节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line 结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces 界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting 浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify 聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyteBET公式BET formula DLVO理论DLVO theoryHLB法hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT性质pVT property ζ电势zeta potential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro’number 阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro law阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律Amagat law 艾林方程Erying equation爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein’s law of photochemical equivalence 爱因斯坦－斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数Antoine constant 安托万方程Antoine equation盎萨格电导理论Onsager’s theory of conductance半电池half cell 半衰期half time period饱和液体saturated liquids饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure饱和蒸气saturated vapor 饱和吸附量saturated extent of adsorption 爆炸界限explosion limits 比表面功specific surface work比表面吉布斯函数specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度reduced viscosity 标准电动势standard electromotive force标准电极电势standard electrode potential标准摩尔反应焓standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反应熵standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standard molar Gibbs free energy function 标准摩尔燃烧焓standard molar combustion enthalpy标准摩尔熵standard molar entropy标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standard molar formation Gibbs function标准平衡常数standard equilibrium constant标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode 标准态standard state标准熵standard entropy 标准压力standard pressure标准状况standard condition 表观活化能apparent activation energy表观摩尔质量apparent molecular weight表观迁移数apparent transference number表面surfaces 表面过程控制surface process control表面活性剂surfactants 表面吸附量surface excess表面张力surface tension 表面质量作用定律surface mass action law 波义尔定律Boyle law 波义尔温度Boyle temperature波义尔点Boyle point 玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmann constant玻尔兹曼分布Boltzmann distribution 玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmann formula玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色－爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einstein statistics泊Poise 不可逆过程irreversible process不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes不可逆相变化irreversible phase change布朗运动brownian movement 查理定律Charle’s law产率yield 敞开系统open system超电势over potential 沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentation potential 沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium 粗分散系统thick disperse system 催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论mono molecule layer adsorption单分子反应unimolecular reaction触变thixotropy单链反应straight chain reactions 弹式量热计bomb calorimeter道尔顿定律Dalton law 道尔顿分压定律Dalton partial pressure law 德拜和法尔肯哈根效应Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式Debye cubic formula等焓过程isenthalpic process德拜－休克尔极限公式Debye-Huckel’s limiting equation等焓线isenthalpic line 等几率定理theorem of equal probability等温等容位Helmholtz free energy 等温等压位Gibbs free energy等温方程equation at constant temperature 低共熔点eutectic point低共熔混合物eutectic mixture 低会溶点lower consolute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydric第三定律熵third-law entropy第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second kind第一类永动机perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorption 电池常数cell constant 电池电动势electromotive force of cells 电池反应cell reaction电导conductance 电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperature coefficient of electromotive force电动电势zeta potential 电功electric work电化学electrochemistry 电化学极化electrochemical polarization电极电势electrode potential 电极反应reactions on the electrode电极种类type of electrodes 电解池electrolytic cell电量计coulometer 电流效率current efficiency电迁移electro migration 电迁移率electromobility电渗electroosmosis 电渗析electrodialysis·聚沉coagulation 聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy 绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process 绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index 卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle 开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions可能的电解质potential electrolyte 可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process 可逆过程方程reversible process equation可逆体积功reversible volume work 可逆相变reversible phase change 控制步骤control step 库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled雷利公式Rayleigh equation拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation 拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration 冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation 离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion离子的电迁移率mobility of ions 离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere 离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture 理想气体ideal gas接触电势contact potential 接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process 节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line 结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces 界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting 浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify 聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation 聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy 绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process 绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index 卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle 开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions可能的电解质potential electroly可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process 可逆过程方程reversible process equation 可逆体积功reversible volume work 可逆相变reversible phase change 克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation 克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality 克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step 库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled 拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation 拉乌尔定律Raoult law雷利公式Rayleigh equation兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration 冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation 离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系non-localized particle systems离子的电迁移率mobility of ions 离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子强度ionic strength 理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas 理想气体的绝热指数adiabatic index of ideal gases 理想气体的微观模型micro-model of ideal gas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases理想气体状态方程state equation of ideal gas 理想稀ideal dilute solution 理想液态混合物perfect liquid mixture 粒子particles粒子的配分函数partition function of particles连串反应consecutive reactions 链的传递物chain carrier链反应chain reactions 量热熵calorimetric entropy量子统计quantum statistics临界常数critical constant量子效率quantum yield 临界参数critical parameter临界点critical point 临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration临界摩尔体积critical molar volume 临界温度critical temperature临界压力critical pressure 临界状态critical state零级反应zero order reaction 流动电势streaming potential流动功flow work 笼罩效应cage effect路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity 露点dew point 露点线dew point line 麦克斯韦关系式Maxwell relations麦克斯韦速率分布Maxwell distribution of speeds麦克斯韦能量分布MaxwelIdistribution of energy毛细管凝结condensation in capillary毛细现象capillary phenomena 米凯利斯常数Michaelis constant 摩尔电导率molar conductivity 摩尔反应焓molar reaction enthalpy 摩尔混合熵mole entropy of mixing摩尔气体常数molar gas constant 摩尔热容molar heat capacity摩尔溶解焓mole dissolution enthalpy摩尔稀释焓mole dilution enthalpy内扩散控制internal diffusions control内能internal energy 内压力internal pressure能级energy levels 能级分布energy level distribution能量均分原理principle of the equipartition of energy能斯特方程Nernst equation 能斯特热定理Nernst heat theorem凝固点freezing point 凝固点降低lowering of freezing point凝固点曲线freezing point curve凝胶gelatin 凝聚态condensed state凝聚相condensed phase 浓差超电势concentration over-potential 浓差极化concentration polarization 浓差电池concentration cells 帕斯卡pascal 泡点bubble point泡点线bubble point line 配分函数partition function配分函数的析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state 碰撞截面collision cross section碰撞数the number of collisions 偏摩尔量partial mole quantities平衡常数（理想气体反应）equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases平动配分函数partition function of translation平衡分布equilibrium distribution 平衡态equilibrium state平衡态近似法equilibrium state approximation平衡状态图equilibrium state diagram平均活度mean activity 平均活度系统mean activity coefficient平均摩尔热容mean molar heat capacity平均质量摩尔浓度mean mass molarity平均自由程mean free path 平行反应parallel reactionsLiveBandit破乳demulsification 铺展spreading普遍化范德华方程universal van der Waals equation其它功the other work 气化热heat of vaporization气溶胶aerosol 气体常数gas constant气体分子运动论kinetic theory of gases气体分子运动论的基本方程foundamental equation of kinetic theory of gases 气溶胶aerosol气相线vapor line 迁移数transport number潜热latent heat 强度量intensive quantity强度性质intensive property 亲液溶胶hydrophilic sol氢电极hydrogen electrodes 区域熔化zone melting热heat 热爆炸heat explosion热泵heat pump 热功当量mechanical equivalent of heat热函heat content 热化学thermochemistry热化学方程thermochemical equation 热机heat engine热机效率efficiency of heat engine 热力学thermodynamics热力学第二定律the second law of thermodynamics热力学第三定律the third law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律the first law of thermodynamics热力学基本方程fundamental equation of thermodynamics热力学几率thermodynamic probability热力学能thermodynamic energy热力学特性函数characteristic thermodynamic function热力学温标thermodynamic scale of temperature热力学温度thermodynamic temperature热熵thermal entropy 热效应heat effect熔点曲线melting point curve 熔化热heat of fusion溶胶colloidal sol 溶解焓dissolution enthalpy溶液solution 溶胀swelling乳化剂emulsifier 乳状液emulsion润湿wetting 润湿角wetting angle萨克尔－泰特洛德方程Sackur-Tetrode equation 三相点triple point 三相平衡线triple-phase line 熵entropy熵判据entropy criterion 熵增原理principle of entropy increase 渗透压osmotic pressure 渗析法dialytic process生成反应formation reaction 升华热heat of sublimation实际气体real gas 舒尔采－哈迪规则Schulze-Hardy rule松驰力relaxation force 松驰时间time of relaxation速度常数reaction rate constant 速率方程rate equations速率控制步骤rate determining step 塔费尔公式Tafel equation态－态反应state-state reactions 唐南平衡Donnan equilibrium淌度mobility 特鲁顿规则Trouton rule特性粘度intrinsic viscosity 体积功volume work统计权重statistical weight 统计热力学statistic thermodynamics 统计熵statistic entropy 途径path途径函数path function 外扩散控制external diffusion control完美晶体perfect crystalline 完全气体perfect gas微观状态microstate 微态microstate韦斯顿标准电池Weston standard battery 维恩效应Wien effect维里方程virial equation 无热溶液athermal solution维里系数virial coefficient 稳流过程steady flow process稳态近似法stationary state approximation无限稀溶液solutions in the limit of extreme dilution物理化学Physical Chemistry 物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption 吸附等量线adsorption isostere吸附等温线adsorption isotherm 吸附等压线adsorption isobar吸附剂adsorbent 吸附量extent of adsorption吸附热heat of adsorption 吸附质adsorbate析出电势evolution or deposition potential析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state稀溶液的依数性colligative properties of dilute solutions稀释焓dilution enthalpy系统system 系统点system point系统的环境environment of system 相phase相变phase change 相变焓enthalpy of phase change相变化phase change 相变热heat of phase change相点phase point 相对挥发度relative volatility相对粘度relative viscosity 相律phase rule相平衡热容heat capacity in phase equilibrium 相图phase diagram相倚子系统system of dependent particles悬浮液suspension压缩因子compressibility factor循环过程cyclic process 压力商pressure quotient压缩因子图diagram of compressibility factor阳极anode亚稳状态metastable state 盐桥salt bridge盐析salting out杨氏方程Young’s equation 液体接界电势liquid junction potential 液相线liquid phase lines 一级反应first order reaction一级相变first order phase change逸度fugacity依时计量学反应time dependent stoichiometric reactions逸度系数coefficient of fugacity 阴极cathode荧光fluorescence 永动机perpetual motion machine永久气体Permanent gas 有效能available energy原电池primary cell 原盐效应salt effect增比粘度specific viscosity 憎液溶胶lyophobic sol沾湿adhesional wetting 沾湿功the work of adhesional wetting真溶液true solution 真实电解质real electrolyte真实气体real gas 真实迁移数true transference number振动配分函数partition function of vibration振动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration蒸气压下降depression of vapor pressure 正常沸点normal point正吸附positive adsorption 支链反应branched chain reactions直链反应straight chain reactions 指前因子pre-exponential factor质量作用定律mass action law 制冷系数coefficient of refrigeration 中和热heat of neutralization 轴功shaft workLiveBandit转动配分函数partition function of rotation转动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration转化率convert ratio 转化温度conversion temperature状态state 状态方程state equation状态分布state distribution 状态函数state function准静态过程quasi-static process 准一级反应pseudo first order reaction 自动催化作用auto-catalysis 自由度degree of freedom自由度数number of degree of freedom 自由焓free enthalpy自由能free energy 自由膨胀free expansion组分数component number 最低恒沸点lower azeotropic point最高恒沸点upper azeotropic point 最佳反应温optimal reaction temperature 最可几分布most probable distribution 最可几速率mostadikanghackneyed 陈腐的caustic 腐蚀性的erosion 腐蚀erode使腐蚀stale 陈腐的rot 腐烂rotten 腐烂的decay 腐败corrode 腐蚀decomposition 分解，腐烂rust 铁锈silica 硅土lime stone石灰石crystal 水晶gasoline 汽油methane 甲烷，沼气hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物petroleum 石油plastic 塑胶intermediary 媒介物catalysis 催化作用catalyst 催化剂adhesive 黏合剂scorch 使退色bleach 漂白，去色,漂白剂tint 染色，上色dye 染料chemistry 化学biochemistry 生物化学hydronic 液体循环加热的alchemy 炼金术，魔力artificial 人造的，假的，非原产地的ion 离子molecule 分子，些微solubility 溶度solution 解答溶液solvent 溶剂dissolve 溶解，解散element 元素impurity 杂质blend 混合compound 混合物substance 物质，实质particle 颗粒，微粒explosive 爆炸的，炸药blast 爆炸burning 燃烧的kindle 燃起sear 烧灼，烧焦ignite 使燃烧action 作用combination 化合，组合neutralize 中和polymerization 聚合functional 起作用的synthetic 综合的，合成的carbon 碳copper 铜lead 铅Mercury 水星nickel 镍platina 白金silver 银sodium 钠tin 锡，马口铁zinc 锌calcium 钙helium 氦silicon 硅ammonia 氨sulfur 硫磺iodine 碘nitrogen 氮oxygen 氧1.reagent 反应力反应物 4. molecule 分子摩尔5. electron 电子6. isotope 同位素核素7. polymer 聚合体 8. alloy 合金10. metalloid 非金属 11. derivative 衍生物12. alkali 碱金属 13. hydrate 水合物14. action 作用Catalysis are sometimes used to accelerate chemical action.15. adhesive 粘合剂胶粘的18. bleach 去色漂白Please soak shirts in bleach to remove the stains.19. blast 爆破 [例] The village was blast by enemy bombs.23. caustic 腐蚀性的 [例] Some chemicals are caustic by nature.24. combination 化合组合 [例] The safe combination of the two chemicals required a complicated chemical process./ This is a combination of two powerful ingredients.25. corrode 腐蚀 [例] The metal has corroded because of rust.26. crystal 结晶状的27. decay 腐败 [例] Sugar decays our teeth.29. erode 腐蚀 [例] The sea has eroded the cliff face over the years.30. explode 使爆炸 [例] The red balloon exploded when I popped it with a pin.31. explosive 爆炸的炸药 [例] Dynamite is highly explosive. / Politics can be explosive issue.33. ignite 使燃着 [例] A smoldering cigarette ignited the newspapers.37. neutralize 中和 [例] Alkalis neutralize acids. 38. nickel 镍41. polymerization 聚合42. scorch 使褪色 [例] Do not leave the iron on the delicate fabric or the heat will scorch it.52. rotten 腐烂的 [例] The rotten fruit smelled horrible.Bunsen burner 本生灯 product 反应产物flask 烧瓶 apparatus 设备 matrass 卵形瓶 litmus 石蕊PH indicator PH值指示剂，氢离子（浓度的）负指数指示剂litmus paper 石蕊试纸 graduate, graduated flask 量筒，量杯reagent 试剂 test tube 试管 burette 滴定管 retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜 cupel 烤钵 crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管 filter滤管 stirring rod 搅拌棒。
物理化学名英文及翻译
物理化学名词英文及翻译equation of state 状态方程idea /perfect gas 理想气体kinetic theory of gases 气体分子动理论model fitting模型拟合root mean square rate 根均方速率zeroth law of thermodynamics 热力学第零定律translational energy 平动能phase diagram 相图isotherm等温线isobar 等压线distribution function 分布函数most probable rate 最概然速率mathematical average rate 数学平均速率fluctuation 涨落现象free path 自由程mean free path 平均自由程reduced mass 折合质量effusion 隙流law of effusion 隙流定律compressibility factor（Z）压缩因子Boyle temperature Boyle温度Internal pressure 内压力Virialcoefficient维利系数Critical temperature 临界温度Critical point临界点Wilson cloud chamber 威尔逊云雾室reduced pressure、volume、temperature对比压力，体积，温度corresponding state 对比状态law of corresponding state对比状态定律compressibility factor chart压缩因子图potential energy 位能chemical thermodynamics化学热力学classicial thermodynamics 经典热力学phenomenological themodynamics唯象热力学isolated system 隔离系统closed system 封闭系统open system 敞开系统thermodynamic variable 热力学变量extensive property 广度性质capacity property容量性质intensive property 强度性质thermodynamic equilibrium state 热力学平衡态thermal equilibrium 热动平衡mechanical equilibrium 力学平衡phase equilibrium 相平衡chemical equilibrium 化学平衡state function 状态函数process and path 过程与途径isochore等容线homogeneous system 多组分均相系统heterogeneous system 复相系统isothermal process等温过程isobaric process 等压过程isochoric process 等容过程adiabatic process绝热过程﹪﹪cyclic process环状过程thermodynamic energy 热力学能internal energy 内能first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first kind of perpetual motion machine 第一类永动机free expansion 自由膨胀quasistatic process 准静态过程reversible process可逆过程irreversible process 不可逆过程reversible cyclic process可逆循环过程enthalpy 焓heat capacity 热容adiabatic process equation 绝热过程方程heat capacity ratio 热容比polytropic process 多方过程efficiency of the heat engine 热机效率transformation coefficient 转换系数coefficient of refrigeration 冷冻系数heat pump热泵throttling process节流过程differential throttling effect 微分节流效应inversion temperature转化温度isenthalpic curve 等焓线inversion curve 转化曲线thermochemistry 热化学chemical affinity 化学亲和力extent of reaction 反应进度molar enthalpy of reaction反应的摩尔焓变stand state 标准态elementary substance 单质standard molar enthalpy of formation标准摩尔生成焓standard molar enthalpy of combustion 标准摩尔燃烧焓second law of thermodynamics 热力学第二定律second kind of perpetual motion machine 第二类永动机heat reservoir恒温热储器spring 弹簧entropy 熵Clausius inequality 克劳修斯不等式Principle of entropy increasing 熵增加原理energy degradation 能量退降thermodynamic probability 热力学概率Helmholthz free energyHelmholthz自由能Helmholthz function Helmholthz函数Work function 功函characteristic function 特性函数Maxwell’s relations Maxwell 关系式Isobaric thermal expansivity等压热膨胀系数Conventional entropy 规定熵relaxation process弛豫过程relaxation time 弛豫时间local temperature and local density 局域温度和局域时间assumption of local equilibrium 局域平衡的假设entropy production 熵产生steady state 定态Onsager’s reciprocity relations Onsagre倒易关系式Phenomenological coefficient 唯象系数coupling 耦合dissipative structure 耗散结构convention cell 对流细胞self-oganization自组织行为chaos 混沌Maxwell demon Maxwell妖。
物理化学-专业词汇中英文对照表
非自发过程 non-spontaneous
平衡 equilibrium 热机 heat engine
不可逆 irreversible 可逆 reversible
3.2 卡诺循环和卡诺定理 Carnot cycles and Carnot’Law
热机效率 efficiency of the heat engine
8.4 可逆电池和可逆电极 Reversible cell and electrode
国际理论和应用化学联合会 IUPAC(International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)
化学电源 electrochemical cell
8.5 可逆电池热力学 reversible cell thermodynamics
Carnot 定理 Carnot law
可逆热机 revisable engine
不可逆热机 irreversible engine
冷冻系数 freezing coefficient
3.3 熵的概念 the concept of entropy
熵 entropy
克劳修斯不等式 Clausius inequality
Ideal dilute solution
4.7 相对活度的概念 relative activity
4.8 稀溶液的依数性 colligative properties of the dilute solution
依数性 colligative properties
渗透压 osmotic pressure
第 7 章 化学反应动力学 Chemical Reaction kinetics
7.1 动力学的基本概念 basic concepts of kinetics
初中物理化学英语名词汇总
化学中的英语单词explosion[ɪk'sploʒən]爆炸(=burst,联系时政)saturated['sætʃə,retɪd] solution[sə'luʃən]饱和溶液unsaturated solution不饱和溶液pure [pjur] substance ['sʌbstəns]纯净物catalyst ['kætəlɪst]催化剂deliquesce[,dɛlə'kwɛs]潮解ozone ['ozon]臭氧 electron[ɪ'lɛktrɑn]电子elementary [,ɛlə'mɛntərɪ] substance 单质nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒən]氮气starch [stɑrtʃ]淀粉protein ['protiɪn]蛋白质 carbon ['kɑrbən] dioxide [daɪ'ɑksaɪd]二氧化碳steel 钢preparation [,prɛpə'reʃən] of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳制法 gold 金properties ['prɑpɚ taɪs] of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳性质 air 空气use of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳用途molecule ['mɑlə,kjul]分子phenolphthalein['finɔl'θælin]酚酞reactant [rɪ'æktənt]反应物non-metal element ['ɛləmənt]非金属元素chemical change 化学变化decomposition [,dikɑmpə'zɪʃən] reaction[rɪ'ækʃən]分解反应alloy ['ælɔɪ]合金double decomposition reaction复分解反应valence ['veləns]化合价compound['kɑmpaund] fertilizer ['fɝtl,aɪzɚ]复合肥料 mixture['mɪkstʃɚ]混合物composite [kəm'pɑzɪt] materials[met'raɪəls]复合材料 nuclear ['njuklɪɚ] change 核电荷chemical property ['prɑpɚtɪ]化学性质chemical formula['fɔrmjələ]化学式compound ['kɑmpaund]化合物chemical equation [ɪ'kweʃən]化学方程式 combination [,kɑmbə'neʃən] reaction 化学反应 coal 煤slow oxidation[,ɑksə'deʃən]缓慢氧化reduction[rɪ'dʌkʃən] reaction 还原反应fossil['fɑs!] fuel['fjuəl]化石燃料 synthetic[sɪn'θɛtɪk] rubber['rʌbɚ]合成橡胶synthetic[sɪn'θɛtɪk] fiber['faɪbɚ]合成纤维 chemical fertilizer['fɝtl,aɪzɚ] 化学肥料metal element金属元素crystal ['krɪst!]晶体crystallization[,krɪst!ɪ'zeʃən]结晶alkali['ælkə,laɪ]结晶diamond ['daɪəmənd]金刚石methane['mɛθen]甲烷methanol['mɛθə,nol]甲醇composition of air 空气的组成air pollution 空气污染liquefaction [,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən] of air 空气液化separation[,sɛpə'reʃən] of air 空气分离mineral['mɪnərəl]矿物（新概念词汇）ion['aɪən]离子sulphuric acid ['æsɪd]硫酸（acid酸，新概念词汇） extinguisher [ɪk'stɪŋgwɪʃɚ]灭火器sodium['sodɪəm]chloride['sodɪəm]氯酸钠aluminium[,æljə'mɪnɪəm]铝pesticide ['pɛstɪ,saɪd]农药nano-materials[mə'tɪrɪəls]纳米农药glucose['glukos]葡萄糖hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒən]氢气properties of hydrogen 氢气的性质hydrochloric acid 氢气酸sodium ['sodɪəm] hydroxide [haɪ'drɑks,aɪd]氢氧化钠combustion [kəm'bʌstʃən]燃烧calcium ['kælsɪəm] hydroxide 氢氧化钙dissolved[kəm'bʌstʃən]溶解solution[sə'luʃən]溶液solvent['sɑlvənt]溶剂solute[sɑ'ljut]溶质 solubility [,sɑljə'bɪlətɪ]溶解度solubility curve [kɝv]溶解度曲线mass fraction ['frækʃən] of solute 溶质质量分数emulsion [ɪ'mʌlʃən]乳浊液pig iron ['aɪɚn]生铁product ['prɑdəkt]生成物 acid ['æsɪd]酸acidity [ə'sɪdətɪ] and basicity [be'sɪsətɪ]酸碱度water 水composition of water 水的组成water pollution 水的污染graphite['græfaɪt]石墨acid rain酸雨litmus['lɪtməs]石蕊food additive ['ædətɪv]食品添加剂petroleum[pə'trolɪəm]石油plastics['plæstɪks]塑料carbon碳properties of carbon 碳的性质carbohydrate['kɑrbə'haɪdret]碳水化合物iron['aɪɚn]铁sodium carbonate ['kɑrbə,net]碳酸钠nature gas 天然气physical ['fɪzɪk!] change 物理变化physical property物理性质amorphous [ə'mɔrfəs] carbon 无定形碳 vitamin['vaɪtəmɪn]维生素greenhouse effect [ɪ'fɛkt]温室效应copper['kɑpɚ]洞relative ['rɛlətɪv] atomic [ə'tɑmɪk] mass 相对原子质量rust [rʌst]铁锈relative molecular [mə'lɛkjəlɚ] mass 相对分子质量rare[rɛr] gas 稀有气体nitric ['naɪtrɪk] acid 硝酸atom ['ætəm]原子atomic [ə'tɑmɪk]structure ['strʌktʃɚ]原子结构atomic nucleus ['njuklɪəs]原子核anion ['æn,aɪən]阳离子cation ['kætaɪən]阴离子element 元素symbols['sɪmb!s] for elements元素符号periodic [,pɪrɪ'ɑdɪk] table of the elements 元素周期表 salt [sɔlt]盐atomic group [grup]原子团oxidation [,ɑksə'deʃən] reaction[rɪ'ækʃən]氧化反应oxide [rɪ'ækʃən]氧化物oxygen['ɑksədʒən]氧气preparation of oxygen 氧气的制法properties of oxygen 氧气的性质use of oxygen 氧气的性质drinking water 饮用水hard water 硬水carbon monoxide[mɑn'ɑksaɪd]一氧化碳properties of carbon monoxide 一氧化碳的性质drug 药品organic [ɔr'gænɪk] compound ['kɑmpaund]有机物acetic [ə'sitɪk] acia乙酸ethanol ['ɛθə,nol]乙醇nutrient ['njutrɪənt]营养品oil 油proton['protɑn]质子neutron['njutrɑn]中子displacement reaction [rɪ'ækʃən]置换反应law of conservation [,kɑnsɚ'veʃən] of mass 质量守恒定律 fat脂肪neutralization [,nutrələ'zeʃən] reaction 中和反应sucrose ['sjukros]蔗糖autoignition 自燃indicator ['ɪndə,ketɚ]指示剂alkali['ælkə,laɪ]碱reactive[rɪ'æktɪv]活泼react[rɪ'ækt]反应filter['fɪltɚ]过滤filtrate['fɪltret]滤液test [tɛst] tube[tjub]试管spirit lamp酒精灯 chemical apparatus[,æpə'retəs]化学仪器dropper['drɑpɚ]滴管asbestos [æs'bɛstəs] network['nɛt,wɝk]石棉网Set cylinder['sɪlɪndɚ]集气瓶Glass rod[rɑd]玻璃棒Condenser冷凝管jar [dʒɑr]广口瓶Flask锥形瓶Rubber plug[plʌg]橡皮塞Medicine spoon药匙Filter paper滤纸Forceps镊子Crucible tongs[tɔŋz]坩埚钳beaker['bikɚ]烧杯Graduated cylinder['sɪlɪndɚ]量筒Particle['pɑrtɪk!]微粒light点燃Electrolysis电解Heating加热Molecule[mə'lɛkj ul]分子Sink水槽Boiled煮沸Thermometer ['θɝmə,græf]温度计liquefaction[,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən]液化vaporize['vepə,raɪz]汽化solidify[sə'lɪdə,faɪ]凝固condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝华sublime[sə'blaɪm]升华melt[mɛlt]熔化evaporate[ɪ'væpə,ret]蒸发alum ['æləm]明矾Conductive[kən'dʌktɪv]导电Solid固态Battery['bætərɪ]干电池Diamond钻石Alcohol['ælkə,hɔl]酒精dry ice干冰Vapor ['vepɚ]汽态Liquid ['lɪkwɪd] state[stet]液态rust[rʌst]铁锈Liquid ['lɪkwɪd]液体Reduction[rɪ'dʌkʃən] reaction还原反应Dissolve[dɪ'zɑlv]溶解Peroxide[pə'rɑksaɪd]过氧化氢acetic [ə'sitɪk] acid醋酸Potassium [pə'tæsɪəm] permanganate[pɝ'mæŋgə,net]高锰酸钾Biological [,baiə'lɔdʒikəl] Trace Element生物微量元素Caustic ['kɔstɪk]soda烧碱（soda苏打）- Soda ash[æʃ]纯碱Hydrated ['haɪdretɪd] lime[laɪm]熟石灰Quicklime ['kwɪk,laɪm]生石灰Limestone石灰石Activated ['æktə,vetɪd] Carbon活性炭Soda苏打Baking soda小苏打dilute [daɪ'lut]稀释carbonic [kɑr'bɑnɪk] acid碳酸nitric ['naɪtrɪk] acid硝酸sulfuric [sʌl'fjurɪk] acid硫酸hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒən]氢nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒən]氮sodium ['sodɪəm]钠magnesium ['mæg'niʃɪəm]镁aluminum [ə'lumɪnəm]铝phosphorous ['fɑsfərəs]磷sulfur ['sʌlfɚ]硫chlorine ['klorin]氯potassium [pə'tæsɪəm]钾calcium ['kælsɪəm]钙titanium [taɪ'tenɪəm]钛iron ['aɪɚn]铁copper ['kɑpɚ]铜zinc [zɪŋk]锌silver ['sɪlvɚ]银iodine ['aɪə,daɪn]碘初中物理英语名词mechanical motion['moʃən] 机械运动 motion运动 reference['rɛfərəns] object 参照物 rest静止 velocity[və'lɑsətɪ] 速度sound 声音uniform rectilinear[,rɛktə'lɪnɪɚ] motion 匀速直线运动variable['vɛrɪəb!] rectilinear motion 变速直线运动musical sound 乐音noise 噪音pitch[pɪtʃ]音调（frequently频繁的）frequency['frikwənsɪ]频率loudness 响度musical quality['kwɑlətɪ]音色ultrasound：['ʌltrə,saund]超声infrasonic sound[,ɪnfrə'sɑnɪk]次声light 光reflection[rɪ'flɛkʃən] of light 光的反射mirror reflection 镜面反射diffuse[dɪ'fjuz] reflection 漫反射refraction [rɪ'frækʃən] of light 光的折射conves ['kɑnvɛks] lens [lɛnz] 凸透镜concave ['kɑnkev] lens凹透镜convergent[kən'vɝdʒənt] lens 汇聚透镜(凸透镜) divergent [daɪ'vɝdʒənt] lens 发散透镜（凹透镜）force[fors]力elastic[ɪ'læstɪk] force 弹力gravity['grævətɪ]重力 weight [wet]物重（重力）center of gravity重心sliding['slaɪdɪŋ] frictional['frɪkʃənəl] force滑动摩擦力Newton’s first law 牛顿第一定律inertia [ɪn'ɝʃə]惯性mass[mæs] 质量density['dɛnsətɪ]密度buoyancy['bɔɪənsɪ] force浮力pressure ['prɛʃɚ]压力（相同，注意理解）pressure压强atmospheric [,ætməs'fɛrɪk] pressure 气压standard atmospheric pressure 标准大气压lever['lɛvɚ]杠杆fixed pulley['pulɪ]定滑轮movable ['muvəb!] pulley动滑轮mechanicl work 机械功power功率mechanicl efficiency[ɪ'fɪʃənsɪ]机械效率kinetic energy：[kɪ'nɛtɪk]动能energy 能量potential energy[pə'tɛnʃəl]势能mechanicl energy 机械能crystal['krɪst!]晶体noncrystal非晶体melt ing['mɛltɪŋ]熔化melting point [pɔɪnt] 熔点vaporization [,vepərə'zeʃən]汽化 boiling ['bɔɪlɪŋ]沸腾vaporation蒸发sublimation[,sʌblə'meʃən]升华solidification[sə,lɪdəfə'keʃən]凝固solidifying：[sə'lɪdə,faɪ] point 凝固点liquefaction[,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən] 液化condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝华internal [ɪn'tɝn!] energy 内能heat quantity：['kwɑntətɪ] 热量specific[spɪ'sɪfɪk] heat capacity [kə'pæsətɪ]比热容heat engine ['ɛndʒən]热机internal-combustion[kəm'bʌstʃən] engine 内燃机electric [ɪ'lɛktrɪk] charge [tʃɑrdʒ]电荷positive ['pɑzətɪv] charge 正电荷negative ['nɛgətɪv] charge 负电荷series['siriz] connection [kə'nɛkʃən]串联parallel['pærə,lɛl]connection并联 electric current ['kɝənt] 电流ampere [æm'pɪr]安培voltage ['voltɪdʒ]电压volt福特ohm‘s law 欧姆定律electric power 电功率rated ['retɪd] voltage 额定电压rated current 额定电流rated power 额定功率electromagnetic [ɪ'lɛktromæg'nɛtɪk] induction [ɪn'dʌkʃən]电磁感应现象induced electric current感应电流lightguide[laɪtgaɪd] fiber ['faɪbɚ]光导纤维elasticity[ɪ,læs'tɪsətɪ]弹性hardness硬度 ducility延展性chemical energy 化学能nuclear ['njuklɪɚ] energy 核能law of conservation[,kɑnsɚ'veʃən] of energy 能量守恒定律renewable [rɪ'njuəb!] energy source [sors]可再生能源（注意“核-nuclear”-联系时政）nonrenewable energy source 不可再生能源nuclear fission ['fɪʃən]核裂变nuclear fusion['fjuʒən] 核聚变geothermal [,dʒio'θɝm!] energy地热能tidal ['taɪd!] energy 潮汐能wind energy 风能angle ['æŋg!] of emergence[ɪ'mɝdʒəns]出射角light beam[bim]光束/光柱angle of incidence ['ɪnsədns]入射角light ray 光线angle of reflection [rɪ'flɛkʃən]反射角light source[sors]光源angle of refraction[rɪ'frækʃən]折射角mains frequency ['frikwənsɪ]市电频率 apparent [ə'pærənt] depth [dɛpθ]视深medium['midɪəm]介质 binoculars[bɪ'nɑkjəlɚs]双筒望远（新概念词汇）boiler['bɔɪlɚ]锅炉microwave ['maɪkro,wev]微波mirage[mə'rɑʒ]海市蜃楼，蜃景Celsius temperature scale[skel]摄氏温标mirror 镜change of state 物态变化multiple ['mʌltəp!] image['ɪmɪdʒ]复像multiple reflection 多次反射condensation [,kɑndɛn'seʃən]凝结，凝聚mutually ['mjutʃuəlɪ] perpendicular[,pɝpən'dɪkjəlɚ]互相垂直的colour 颜色condensation[,kɑndɛn'seʃən] point 凝点，凝结点normal 法线coolant['kulənt]冷却剂object 物，物体cooling curve[kɝv]冷却曲 object distance 物距critical ['krɪtɪk!] angle 临界optical ['ɑptɪk!] fibre ['faɪbɚ]光导纤维，光纤degree [dɪ'gri]度optical ['ɑptɪk!] illusion [ɪ'ljuʒən]光幻象，视错觉degree Celsius（ce ntigrade）摄氏度optically ['ɑptɪklɪ] dense medium['midɪəm]光密介质deviation[,divɪ'eʃən]偏向，偏差optically less dense[dɛns] medium 光疏介质。
物理单词中英对照
物理单词中英对照1. 力（Force）在物理学中，力是使物体产生加速度的原因。
2. 质量（Mass）质量是物体所含物质的量，是衡量物体惯性大小的物理量。
3. 速度（Velocity）速度是描述物体位置变化快慢和方向的物理量。
4. 加速度（Acceleration）加速度是描述速度变化快慢的物理量。
5. 动能（Kinetic Energy）动能是物体由于运动而具有的能量。
6. 势能（Potential Energy）势能是物体由于位置关系而具有的能量。
7. 功（Work）功是力在物体上产生位移的过程，是能量转化的量度。
8. 功率（Power）功率是单位时间内做功的多少，表示能量转化速率。
9. 温度（Temperature）温度是衡量物体冷热程度的物理量。
10. 压强（Pressure）压强是单位面积上受到的力的大小。
11. 密度（Density）密度是单位体积内物质的质量。
12. 摩擦力（Friction）摩擦力是两个接触物体在相对运动时产生的阻力。
13. 重力（Gravity）重力是地球对物体产生的吸引力。
14. 电荷（Electric Charge）电荷是物质的一种基本属性，表现为物体间的电磁相互作用。
15. 电流（Electric Current）电流是电荷在单位时间内通过导体截面的量。
16. 电压（Electric Voltage）电压是推动电荷流动的电势差。
17. 电阻（Electric Resistance）电阻是导体对电流阻碍作用的物理量。
18. 磁场（Magnetic Field）磁场是描述磁力作用范围的物理量。
19. 振动（Vibration）振动是物体围绕平衡位置做周期性运动的现象。
20. 波（Wave）波是振动在介质中传播的过程。
物理单词中英对照（续）21. 频率（Frequency）频率是指单位时间内完成振动的次数，是描述波动特性的基本参数。
22. 波长（Wavelength）波长是波在一个周期内传播的距离，它与频率共同决定了波的速度。
(完整版)物理化学专业英语词汇
一些物理化学专业英语词汇BET公式BET formulaDLVO理论DLVO theoryHLB法hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT性质pVT propertyζ电势zeta potential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro’number阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro law阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律Amagat law艾林方程Erying equation爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein’s law of photochemical equivalence爱因斯坦－斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数Antoine constant安托万方程Antoine equation盎萨格电导理论Onsager’s theory of conductance半电池half cell半衰期half time period饱和液体saturated liquids饱和蒸气saturated vapor饱和吸附量saturated extent of adsorption饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure爆炸界限explosion limits比表面功specific surface work比表面吉布斯函数specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度reduced viscosity标准电动势standard electromotive force标准电极电势standard electrode potential标准摩尔反应焓standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反应熵standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standard molar Gibbs free energy function 标准摩尔燃烧焓standard molar combustion enthalpy标准摩尔熵standard molar entropy标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standard molar formation Gibbs function标准平衡常数standard equilibrium constant标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode标准态standard state标准熵standard entropy标准压力standard pressure标准状况standard condition表观活化能apparent activation energy表观摩尔质量apparent molecular weight表观迁移数apparent transference number表面surfaces表面过程控制surface process control表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量surface excess表面张力surface tension表面质量作用定律surface mass action law波义尔定律Boyle law波义尔温度Boyle temperature波义尔点Boyle point玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmann constant玻尔兹曼分布Boltzmann distribution玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmann formula玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色－爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einstein statistics泊Poise不可逆过程irreversible process不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes 不可逆相变化irreversible phase change布朗运动brownian movement查理定律Charle’s law产率yield敞开系统open system超电势over potential沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentation potential沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium触变thixotropy粗分散系统thick disperse system催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论mono molecule layer adsorption单分子反应unimolecular reaction单链反应straight chain reactions弹式量热计bomb calorimeter道尔顿定律Dalton law道尔顿分压定律Dalton partial pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式Debye cubic formula德拜－休克尔极限公式Debye-Huckel’s limiting equation等焓过程isenthalpic process等焓线isenthalpic line等几率定理theorem of equal probability等温等容位Helmholtz free energy等温等压位Gibbs free energy等温方程equation at constant temperature低共熔点eutectic point低共熔混合物eutectic mixture低会溶点lower consolute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydric第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second kind第三定律熵third-law entropy第一类永动机perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorption电池常数cell constant电池电动势electromotive force of cells电池反应cell reaction电导conductance电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperature coefficient of electromotive force 电动电势zeta potential电功electric work电化学electrochemistry电化学极化electrochemical polarization电极电势electrode potential电极反应reactions on the electrode电极种类type of electrodes电解池electrolytic cell电量计coulometer电流效率current efficiency电迁移electro migration电迁移率electromobility电渗electroosmosis电渗析electrodialysis电泳electrophoresis丁达尔效应Dyndall effect定容摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant volume定容温度计Constant voIume thermometer定压摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant pressure定压温度计constant pressure thermometer定域子系统localized particle system动力学方程kinetic equations动力学控制kinetics control独立子系统independent particle system对比摩尔体积reduced mole volume对比体积reduced volume对比温度reduced temperature对比压力reduced pressure对称数symmetry number对行反应reversible reactions对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers 二级反应second order reaction二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数faraday constant法拉第定律Faraday’s law反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透reverse osmosis反应分子数molecularity反应级数reaction orders反应进度extent of reaction反应热heat of reaction反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数constant of reaction rate范德华常数van der Waals constant范德华方程van der Waals equation范德华力van der Waals force范德华气体van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程van’t Hoff equation范特霍夫规则van’t Hoff rule范特霍夫渗透压公式van’t Hoff equation of osmotic pressure 非基元反应non-elementary reactions非体积功non-volume work非依时计量学反应time independent stoichiometric reactions 菲克扩散第一定律Fick’s first law of diffusion沸点boiling point沸点升高elevation of boiling point费米－狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics分布distribution分布数distribution numbers分解电压decomposition voltage分配定律distribution law分散系统disperse system分散相dispersion phase分体积partial volume分体积定律partial volume law分压partial pressure分压定律partial pressure law分子反应力学mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统closed system附加压力excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption 负极negative pole负吸附negative adsorption复合反应composite reaction盖·吕萨克定律Gay-Lussac law盖斯定律Hess law甘汞电极calomel electrode感胶离子序lyotropic series杠杆规则lever rule高分子溶液macromolecular solution高会溶点upper consolute point隔离法the isolation method格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’s law隔离系统isolated system根均方速率root-mean-square speed功work功函work content共轭溶液conjugate solution共沸温度azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统isolated system固溶胶solid sol固态混合物solid solution固相线solid phase line光反应photoreaction光化学第二定律the second law of actinochemistry光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensitized reactions光谱熵spectrum entropy广度性质extensive property广延量extensive quantity广延性质extensive property规定熵stipulated entropy过饱和溶液oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气oversaturated vapor过程process过渡状态理论transition state theory过冷水super-cooled water过冷液体overcooled liquid过热液体overheated liquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtz free energy亥氏函数Helmholtz function焓enthalpy亨利常数Henry constant亨利定律Henry law恒沸混合物constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant volume恒容热heat at constant volume恒外压constant external pressure恒压摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热heat at constant pressure化学动力学chemical kinetics化学反应计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction 化学反应进度extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势chemical affinity化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势chemical potential化学势判据chemical potential criterion化学吸附chemisorptions环境environment环境熵变entropy change in environment挥发度volatility混合熵entropy of mixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activation control活化络合物理论activated complex theory活化能activation energy霍根-华森图Hougen-Watson Chart基态能级energy level at ground state基希霍夫公式Kirchhoff formula基元反应elementary reactions积分溶解热integration heat of dissolution吉布斯－杜亥姆方程Gibbs-Duhem equation吉布斯－亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmhotz equation吉布斯函数Gibbs function吉布斯函数判据Gibbs function criterion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption formula吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy吉氏函数Gibbs function极化电极电势polarization potential of electrode 极化曲线polarization curves极化作用polarization极限摩尔电导率limiting molar conductivity几率因子steric factor计量式stoichiometric equation计量系数stoichiometric coefficient价数规则rule of valence简并度degeneracy键焓bond enthalpy胶冻broth jelly胶核colloidal nucleus胶凝作用demulsification胶束micelle胶体colloid胶体分散系统dispersion system of colloid胶体化学collochemistry胶体粒子colloidal particles胶团micelle焦耳Joule焦耳-汤姆生实验Joule-Thomson experiment焦耳-汤姆生系数Joule-Thomson coefficient焦耳-汤姆生效应Joule-Thomson effect焦耳定律Joule`s law接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion 结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption 界面interfaces界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory 绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions 可能的电解质potential electrolyte可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion离子的电迁移率mobility of ions离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions 可能的电解质potential electrolyte可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion离子的电迁移率mobility of ions离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas理想气体的绝热指数adiabatic index of ideal gases理想气体的微观模型micro-model of ideal gas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases 理想气体状态方程state equation of ideal gas理想稀溶液ideal dilute solution理想液态混合物perfect liquid mixture粒子particles粒子的配分函数partition function of particles连串反应consecutive reactions链的传递物chain carrier链反应chain reactions量热熵calorimetric entropy量子统计quantum statistics量子效率quantum yield临界参数critical parameter临界常数critical constant临界点critical point临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration临界摩尔体积critical molar volume临界温度critical temperature临界压力critical pressure临界状态critical state零级反应zero order reaction流动电势streaming potential流动功flow work笼罩效应cage effect路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity露点dew point露点线dew point line麦克斯韦关系式Maxwell relations麦克斯韦速率分布Maxwell distribution of speeds麦克斯韦能量分布MaxwelIdistribution of energy毛细管凝结condensation in capillary毛细现象capillary phenomena米凯利斯常数Michaelis constant摩尔电导率molar conductivity摩尔反应焓molar reaction enthalpy摩尔混合熵mole entropy of mixing摩尔气体常数molar gas constant摩尔热容molar heat capacity摩尔溶解焓mole dissolution enthalpy摩尔稀释焓mole dilution enthalpy内扩散控制internal diffusions control内能internal energy内压力internal pressure能级energy levels能级分布energy level distribution能量均分原理principle of the equipartition of energy能斯特方程Nernst equation能斯特热定理Nernst heat theorem凝固点freezing point凝固点降低lowering of freezing point凝固点曲线freezing point curve凝胶gelatin凝聚态condensed state凝聚相condensed phase浓差超电势concentration over-potential浓差极化concentration polarization浓差电池concentration cells帕斯卡pascal泡点bubble point泡点线bubble point line配分函数partition function配分函数的析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state碰撞截面collision cross section碰撞数the number of collisions偏摩尔量partial mole quantities平衡常数（理想气体反应）equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases平动配分函数partition function of translation平衡分布equilibrium distribution平衡态equilibrium state平衡态近似法equilibrium state approximation平衡状态图equilibrium state diagram平均活度mean activity平均活度系统mean activity coefficient平均摩尔热容mean molar heat capacity平均质量摩尔浓度mean mass molarity平均自由程mean free path平行反应parallel reactions破乳demulsification铺展spreading普遍化范德华方程universal van der Waals equation其它功the other work气化热heat of vaporization气溶胶aerosol气体常数gas constant气体分子运动论kinetic theory of gases气体分子运动论的基本方程foundamental equation of kinetic theory of gases 气溶胶aerosol气相线vapor line迁移数transport number潜热latent heat强度量intensive quantity强度性质intensive property亲液溶胶hydrophilic sol氢电极hydrogen electrodes区域熔化zone melting热heat热爆炸heat explosion热泵heat pump热功当量mechanical equivalent of heat热函heat content热化学thermochemistry热化学方程thermochemical equation热机heat engine热机效率efficiency of heat engine热力学thermodynamics热力学第二定律the second law of thermodynamics热力学第三定律the third law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律the first law of thermodynamics热力学基本方程fundamental equation of thermodynamics热力学几率thermodynamic probability热力学能thermodynamic energy热力学特性函数characteristic thermodynamic function热力学温标thermodynamic scale of temperature热力学温度thermodynamic temperature热熵thermal entropy热效应heat effect熔点曲线melting point curve熔化热heat of fusion溶胶colloidal sol溶解焓dissolution enthalpy溶液solution溶胀swelling乳化剂emulsifier乳状液emulsion润湿wetting润湿角wetting angle萨克尔－泰特洛德方程Sackur-Tetrode equation 三相点triple point三相平衡线triple-phase line熵entropy熵判据entropy criterion熵增原理principle of entropy increase渗透压osmotic pressure渗析法dialytic process生成反应formation reaction升华热heat of sublimation实际气体real gas舒尔采－哈迪规则Schulze-Hardy rule松驰力relaxation force松驰时间time of relaxation速度常数reaction rate constant速率方程rate equations速率控制步骤rate determining step塔费尔公式Tafel equation态－态反应state-state reactions唐南平衡Donnan equilibrium淌度mobility特鲁顿规则Trouton rule特性粘度intrinsic viscosity体积功volume work统计权重statistical weight统计热力学statistic thermodynamics统计熵statistic entropy途径path途径函数path function外扩散控制external diffusion control完美晶体perfect crystalline完全气体perfect gas微观状态microstate微态microstate韦斯顿标准电池Weston standard battery维恩效应Wien effect维里方程virial equation维里系数virial coefficient稳流过程steady flow process稳态近似法stationary state approximation无热溶液athermal solution无限稀溶液solutions in the limit of extreme dilution物理化学Physical Chemistry物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption吸附等量线adsorption isostere吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附等压线adsorption isobar吸附剂adsorbent吸附量extent of adsorption吸附热heat of adsorption吸附质adsorbate析出电势evolution or deposition potential析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state稀溶液的依数性colligative properties of dilute solutions稀释焓dilution enthalpy系统system系统点system point系统的环境environment of system相phase相变phase change相变焓enthalpy of phase change相变化phase change相变热heat of phase change相点phase point相对挥发度relative volatility相对粘度relative viscosity相律phase rule相平衡热容heat capacity in phase equilibrium相图phase diagram相倚子系统system of dependent particles悬浮液suspension循环过程cyclic process压力商pressure quotient压缩因子compressibility factor压缩因子图diagram of compressibility factor亚稳状态metastable state盐桥salt bridge盐析salting out阳极anode杨氏方程Young’s equation液体接界电势liquid junction potential液相线liquid phase lines一级反应first order reaction一级相变first order phase change依时计量学反应time dependent stoichiometric reactions 逸度fugacity逸度系数coefficient of fugacity阴极cathode荧光fluorescence永动机perpetual motion machine永久气体Permanent gas有效能available energy原电池primary cell原盐效应salt effect增比粘度specific viscosity憎液溶胶lyophobic sol沾湿adhesional wetting沾湿功the work of adhesional wetting真溶液true solution真实电解质real electrolyte真实气体real gas真实迁移数true transference number振动配分函数partition function of vibration振动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration蒸气压下降depression of vapor pressure正常沸点normal point正吸附positive adsorption支链反应branched chain reactions直链反应straight chain reactions指前因子pre-exponential factor质量作用定律mass action law制冷系数coefficient of refrigeration中和热heat of neutralization轴功shaft work转动配分函数partition function of rotation转动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration转化率convert ratio转化温度conversion temperature状态state状态方程state equation状态分布state distribution状态函数state function准静态过程quasi-static process准一级反应pseudo first order reaction自动催化作用auto-catalysis自由度degree of freedom自由度数number of degree of freedom自由焓free enthalpy自由能free energy自由膨胀free expansion组分数component number最低恒沸点lower azeotropic point最高恒沸点upper azeotropic point最佳反应温度optimal reaction temperature最可几分布most probable distribution最可几速率most propable speed1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of VolumePressureT emperature Changes and Catalysts i. 体积压力温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s(pdf) Orbital s(pdf)轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes Atomic Numbers and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性/电子亲合性[势]83. metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. metallic Solids 金属晶体106. metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名组成和结构116. Charges Coordination Numbers and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (BoronAluminiumGalliumIndiumThallium) 硼族（硼铝镓铟铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (CarbonSiliconGermaniumTinLead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite Carbon Monoxide Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (PhosphorusArsenicAntimonyand Bismuth) 氮族（磷砷锑铋）142. Ammonia Nitric Acid Phosphoric Acid 氨硝酸磷酸143. Phosphorates phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen Sulfur Selenium and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation 偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point 滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration 浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction 化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion 水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level 零水准218. buffer solution 缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数。
初中物理化学英语名词汇总
初中物理英语名词mechanical motion ['mo ʃən] 机械运动机械运动 motion 运动 reference reference['r ['r ɛf ər əns] object object 参照物参照物参照物 rest 静止 velocity [v ə'l ɑsətɪ] 速度速度 sound 声音声音 uniform rectilinear [,r ɛkt ə'l ɪn ɪɚ] motion 匀速直线运动匀速直线运动variable variable['v ['v ɛr ɪəb!]rectilinear motion 变速直线运动变速直线运动musical sound 乐音乐音 noise 噪音噪音 pitch pitch[p [p ɪt ʃ] 音调音调 （frequently 频繁的）frequency ['frikw əns ɪ]频率频率 loudness 响度响度 musical quality ['kw ɑlətɪ]音色音色 ultrasound ：['ʌltr ə,saund]超声超声 infrasonic sound [,ɪnfr ə's ɑnɪk]次声次声light 光 reflection reflection[r [r ɪ'fl ɛk ʃən] of of light light 光的反射mirror reflection 镜面反射镜面反射diffuse diffuse[d [d ɪ'fjuz] reflection 漫反射漫反射 refraction refraction [r [r ɪ'fræk ʃən] of light 光的折射光的折射 conves ['k ɑnvɛks] lens lens [l [l ɛnz] 凸透镜凸透镜 concave ['k ɑnkev] lens 凹透镜凹透镜 convergent convergent[k [k ən'v ɝd ʒənt] lens 汇聚透镜(凸透镜) divergent divergent [da [da ɪ'v ɝd ʒənt] lens 发散透镜（凹透镜）force [fors]力 elastic elastic [ [ɪ'læst ɪk] force 弹力弹力 gravity ['græv ət ɪ]重力重力 weight [wet]物重（重力） center of gravity 重心重心 sliding sliding['sla ['sla ɪd ɪŋ] frictional ['fr ɪk ʃən əl] force 滑动摩擦力滑动摩擦力 Newton Newton’’s first law 牛顿第一定律牛顿第一定律 inertia inertia [ [ɪn'ɝʃə]惯性mass [mæs] 质量质量 density ['d ɛns ət ɪ]密度密度 buoyancy ['b ɔɪəns ɪ] force 浮力浮力pressure ['pr ɛʃɚ] 压力压力 （相同，注意理解）（相同，注意理解） pressure 压强压强 atmospheric atmospheric [,ætm [,ætm əs'f ɛr ɪk] pressure 气压气压 standard atmospheric pressure 标准大气压标准大气压lever ['l ɛv ɚ] 杠杆杠杆 fixed pulley ['pul ɪ] 定滑轮定滑轮 movable movable ['muv ['muv əb!] pulley 动滑轮动滑轮 mechanicl work 机械功机械功power 功率功率 mechanicl efficiency [ɪ'f ɪʃəns ɪ] 机械效率机械效率 kinetic energy ：[k ɪ'n ɛt ɪk] 动能动能 energy 能量能量 potential energy [p ə't ɛn ʃəl] 势能势能 mechanicl energy 机械能机械能crystal ['kr ɪst!] 晶体晶体 noncrystal 非晶体非晶体 melt ing ing['m ['m ɛlt ɪŋ] 熔化熔化 melting point [p ɔɪnt] 熔点熔点 vaporization vaporization [,vep [,vep ər ə'ze ʃən] 汽化汽化 boiling ['b ɔɪl ɪŋ]沸腾沸腾vaporation 蒸发蒸发 sublimation sublimation[,s [,s ʌbl ə'me ʃən] 升华升华 solidification solidification[s [s ə,l ɪd əf ə'ke ʃən]凝固凝固 solidifying ：[s ə'l ɪd ə,fa ɪ] point 凝固点凝固点 liquefaction liquefaction[,l [,l ɪkw ɪ'fæk ʃən] 液化液化 condensation condensation [,k [,k ɑndɛn'seʃən] 凝华凝华 internal internal [ [ɪn't ɝn!] energy 内能内能 heat quantity ：['kw ɑntətɪ] 热量热量 specific [sp ɪ's ɪf ɪk] heat capacity [k ə'pæs ət ɪ] 比热容比热容 heat engine ['ɛnd ʒən] 热机热机 internal-combustion internal-combustion[k [k əm'b ʌst ʃən] engine 内燃机内燃机electric electric [ [ɪ'l ɛktr ɪk] charge [t ʃɑrd ʒ] 电荷电荷 positive positive ['p ['p ɑzətɪv] charge 正电荷正电荷 negative negative ['n ['n ɛg ət ɪv] charge 负电荷负电荷 series series['siriz]['siriz] connection [k ə'n ɛk ʃən] 串联串联 parallel parallel['pær ['pær ə,l ɛl] connection 并联并联 electric current ['k ɝənt] 电流电流 ampere [æm'p ɪr]安培安培 voltage ['volt ɪd ʒ] 电压电压 volt 福特福特 ohm ‘s law 欧姆定律欧姆定律electric power 电功率电功率 rated rated ['ret ['ret ɪd] voltage 额定电压额定电压 rated current 额定电流额定电流 rated power 额定功率额定功率 electromagnetic [ɪ'l ɛktromæg'n ɛt ɪk] induction [ɪn'd ʌk ʃən] 电磁感应现象电磁感应现象induced electric current 感应电流感应电流lightguide lightguide[la [la ɪtga ɪd] fiber ['fa ɪb ɚ] 光导纤维光导纤维 elasticity elasticity[[ɪ,læs't ɪs ət ɪ]弹性弹性 hardness 硬度硬度 ducility 延展性延展性 chemical energy 化学能化学能 nuclear ['njukl ɪɚ] energy 核能 law of conservation [,k ɑnsɚ'veʃən] of energy 能量守恒定律能量守恒定律renewable renewable [r [r ɪ'nju əb!] energy source [sors]可再生能源可再生能源 （注意“核-nuclear ”-联系时政） nonrenewable energy source 不可再生能源不可再生能源 nuclear fission ['f ɪʃən] 核裂变核裂变 nuclear fusion ['fju ʒən] 核聚变核聚变 geothermal geothermal [,d [,d ʒio'θɝm!] energy 地热能地热能 tidal tidal ['ta ['ta ɪd!]energy 潮汐能潮汐能 wind energy 风能风能angle ['æŋg!]of of emergence emergence [ɪ'm ɝd ʒəns]出射角 light light beam beam beam[bim][bim] 光束/光柱angle of incidence ['ɪns ədns] 入射角 light ray 光线 angle of reflection [r ɪ'fl ɛk ʃən] 反射角 light source [sors] 光源 angle of refraction [r ɪ'fræk ʃən] 折射角 mains frequency ['frikw əns ɪ] 市电频率 apparent apparent [ [ə'pær ənt] depth [d ɛpθ] 视深 medium ['mid ɪəm] 介质 binoculars [b ɪ'n ɑkjəlɚs] 双筒望远 （新概念词汇） boiler boiler['b['b ɔɪl ɚ] 锅炉 microwave microwave ['ma ['ma ɪkro,wev] 微波 mirage mirage[m [m ə'r ɑʒ] 海市蜃楼，蜃景 Celsius temperature scale [skel] 摄氏温标 mirror 镜 change of state 物态变化 multiple multiple ['m ['m ʌlt əp!] image image['['ɪm ɪd ʒ] 复像multiple reflection 多次反射 condensation condensation [,k [,k ɑndɛn'seʃən] 凝结，凝聚 mutually mutually ['mjut ['mjut ʃu əl ɪ] perpendicular [,p ɝp ən'd ɪkj əl ɚ]互相垂直的 colour 颜色condensation condensation[,k [,k ɑndɛn'seʃən] point 凝点，凝结点 normal 法线 coolant coolant['kul ['kul ənt] 冷却剂 object 物，物体 cooling curve [k ɝv] 冷却曲 object distance 物距 critical ['kr ɪt ɪk!] angle 临界 optical optical [' ['ɑptɪk!]ɑptɪk!] fibre ['fa ɪb ɚ] 光导纤维，光纤degree degree [d [d ɪ'gri] 度 optical optical [' ['ɑptɪk!]ɑptɪk!] illusion [ɪ'lju ʒən] 光幻象，视错觉 degree Celsius （ce ntigrade ） 摄氏度 optically ['ɑptɪklɪ] dense medium medium['mid ['mid ɪəm] 光密介质deviation deviation[,div[,div ɪ'e ʃən] 偏向，偏差 optically less dense [d ɛns] medium 光疏介质物理学物理学 physics 误差误差 error 游码游码 rider 测量测量 measure (vt.) 实验实验 experiment 温度计温度计 temperature 长度长度 length 实验室实验室 laboratory 摄氏度摄氏度 degree centigrade 单位单位 unit 面积面积 area 温度计温度计 thermometer 千米千米 kilometer 平方米平方米 square meter 体温计体温计 clinical thermometer 米 meter 体积体积 volume 时间时间 time 分米分米 decimeter 立方米立方米 cubic meter 小时小时 hour 厘米厘米 centimeter 升 Liter 分钟分钟 minute 毫米毫米 millimeter 毫升毫升 Milliliter 秒 second 微米微米 micron 质量质量 mass 毫秒毫秒 millisecond 纳米纳米 nanometer 吨 ton 停表停表 stop watch 测量工具测量工具 measuring tool 千克千克 kilogram 力 force 刻度尺刻度尺 meter ruler 克 gram 牛顿牛顿 Newton 最小刻度最小刻度 division value 毫克毫克 milligram 测力计测力计 dynamometer 零刻度线零刻度线 zero graduation line 天平天平 balance 弹簧秤弹簧秤 spring balance 测量范围测量范围 measuring range 砝码砝码 weights Ⅱ、运动（simple motion ）相对运动相对运动 relative motion 方向方向 direction 路程路程 path 静止静止 rest 直线运动直线运动 rectilinear motion 速度速度 velocity 参照物参照物 reference 曲线运动曲线运动 curvilinear motion 变速直线运动变速直线运动 variable rectilinear motion 位置位置 position 匀速直线运动匀速直线运动 uniform rectilinear motion 平均速度average velocity Ⅲ、热（heat ）分子分子 molecules 熔化熔化 melting 液化液化 liquefaction 分子运动分子运动 molecular motion 熔点熔点 melting point 升华升华 sublimation 扩散扩散 diffusion 凝固凝固 solidification 凝华凝华 condensation 排斥力排斥力 repulsive force 凝固点凝固点 solidifying point 冰箱冰箱 refrigerator 吸引力吸引力 attractive force 晶体晶体 crystal 热传递热传递 heat transfer 物质物质 substance 非晶体non crystal 热传导热传导 heat conduction 物体物体 object 吸收吸收 absorb(v.) 热对流热对流 heat convection 状态状态 state 放出放出 release(v.) 热辐射热辐射 heat radiation 固体固体 solid 汽化汽化 vaporization 热量热量 heat 液体液体 liquid 蒸发蒸发 evaporation 比热（容） specific heat （capacity ） 气体气体 gas 沸腾沸腾 boiling 物态变化物态变化 state transformation 沸点沸点 boiling point ⅠⅠ、光（light ）光源光源 light source 入射角入射角 incident angle 焦距焦距 focal length 光的直线传播rectilinear propagation of light 反射角反射角 reflection angle 会聚会聚 converge(v.) 小孔成像小孔成像 image by ping hole 镜面反射镜面反射 mirror reflection 发散发散 diverge(v.) 日食日食 solar eclipse 漫反射漫反射 diffuse reflection 光屏（屏幕） screen 月食月食 lunar eclipse 平面镜平面镜 plane mirror 照相机照相机 camera 光速光速 velocity of light 潜望镜潜望镜 periscope 幻灯机幻灯机 slide projector 真空真空 vacuum 蜡烛蜡烛 candle 电影放映机电影放映机 film projector 空气空气 air 光的折射光的折射 refraction of light 放大镜放大镜 magnifier 玻璃玻璃 glass 折射光线折射光线 refracted ray 倒立的倒立的 inverted 水 water 折射角折射角 refraction angle 正立的正立的 erected 均匀介质均匀介质 well-distributed medium 透镜透镜 lens 缩小的缩小的 reduced 射光的反射 reflection reflection of of of light light 镜凸透镜 convex convex lens lens 的放大的amplified 反射定律反射定律 reflection law 凹透镜凹透镜 concave lens 实像实像 real image 入射光线入射光线 incident ray （主）光轴（主）光轴 principal optical axis 虚像虚像 virtual image 反射光线反射光线 reflected reflected ray ray 光心光心 optical optical center center center of of of lens lens 海市蜃楼海市蜃楼mirage 法线法线 normal 焦点焦点 focus 光的色散光的色散 dispersion of light Ⅴ、磁（magnetism ）磁体磁体 magnet 小磁针小磁针 magnetic needle 磁场磁场 magnetic field 天然磁体天然磁体 natural magnet 磁极磁极 magnetic pole 地磁场地磁场 geomagnetic field 人造磁体人造磁体 man-made magnet 南极南极 north pole 电流的磁场电流的磁场 magnetic field of electric current 条形磁铁条形磁铁 bar bar magnet magnet 北极北极 South South pole pole 磁感线磁感线 magnetic magnetic induction induction line 蹄形磁铁 horseshoe magnet 磁化 magnetization 电磁铁 electromagnet 三、声音（sound ）振动振动 vibrate 声波声波 wave of sound 振幅振幅 amplitude 介质介质 medium 音调音调 pitch 噪音噪音 noise 传播传播 travel 响度响度 loudness 乐音乐音 voice 声速声速 velocity of sound 音色音色 musical quality 分贝分贝 decibel （dB ）回声回声 echo 频率频率 frequency 四、力（force ）重力重力 gravity 惯性惯性 inertia 动力动力 motive force 重心重心 center of gravity 平 衡 equilibrium 阻力阻力 resistance 摩擦力摩擦力 friction force 压强压强 pressure 动力臂动力臂 power arm 滑动摩擦滑动摩擦 sliding sliding friction friction 帕斯卡帕斯卡 Pascal(Pa) 阻力臂阻力臂 resisting arm 滚动摩擦滚动摩擦 rolling friction 液体压强液体压强 hydraulic pressure 作用线作用线 action-line 静摩擦静摩擦 static friction 大气压强atmospheric pressure 滑轮滑轮 pulley 压力压力 pressure force 标准大气压standard atmospheric pressure 定滑轮定滑轮 fixed pulley 浮力浮力 buoyancy force 气压计气压计 barometer 动滑轮动滑轮 movable pulley 力的图示力的图示 force diagram 托里拆利托里拆利 Torricelli 滑轮组滑轮组 pulley block 力的大小力的大小 magnitude of force 阿基米德原理阿基米德原理 Archimedes principle 功 work 力的方向力的方向 direction of force 密度密度 density 功 率 power 力的作用点力的作用点 acting point of force 潜水艇潜水艇 submarine 机械效率机械效率 mechanical efficiency 合力合力 resultant force 热气球热气球 fire balloon 有用功有用功 useful work 分力分力 component force 飞 艇 airship 额外功额外功 extra wok 力的合成力的合成 composition of forces 简单机械简单机械 simple mechanics 总功总功 total work 形变形变 deformation 杠杆杠杆 lever 斜面斜面 inclined plane 牛顿第一定律牛顿第一定律 Newton’s First Law 支点支点 pivot 五、电（electricity ）电荷电荷 electric charge 正极正极 positive plate 电压电压 voltage 带电体带电体 charged body 负极负极 negative plate 伏特伏特 V olt 摩擦起电electrification by friction 电路电路 electric circuit 伏特计伏特计 voltmeter 正电荷正电荷 positive positive charge charge 路通路 closed closed circuit circuit 电阻电阻resistance 负电荷负电荷 negative charge 开路开路 open circuit 欧姆欧姆 Ohm 导体导体 conductor 短路短路 short circuit 变阻器变阻器 rheostat 绝缘体绝缘体 insulator 电路图电路图 circuit circuit map map 滑动变阻器滑动变阻器 slide slide wire wire rheostat 蓄电池蓄电池 storage plate 安培计安培计 ammeter 半导体半导体 semiconductor 串联串联 series connection 欧姆定律欧姆定律 Ohm’s law 电源电源 power source 并联并联 parallel connection 电功电功 electric work 导线导线 wire 电量电量 electric quantity 电功率电功率 electric power 电键电键 key(switch) 电流电流 electric current 额定电压额定电压 rated voltage 干电池干电池 dry cell 安培安培 Ampere 额定电功率额定电功率 rated power 。
物理化学生物英语单词表
词汇 acceleration anion ammeter amplitude band bar bombard cation capacitor centripetal force circuit coherent coil collision comet convection converging lens coulomb critical angle decay deflect density diffraction dilation diminish discrete diverge diverging lens elastic electric generator electric motor longitudinal wave 音标
音标
美[ɪ,lɛktro'motɪv fɔrs] 美 [ɪ'lɛktrɑn] 美 [ɪ'mɪʃən] 美 ['ɛntrəpi] 美 ['ɛstə,met] 美 [ɪɡ'zɝt] 美 [ɪk'spænʃən] 美 ['faɪbɚ] 美 ['fokl] 美 ['frikwənsi] 美 ['frɪkʃən] 美 ['ɡrævəti]
美 [mo'mɛntəm] 美 ['nɛɡlɪdʒəbl] 美 ['nʊtrɑn] 美 ['fɪʃən] 美 ['fjʊʒən] 美 ['ɑptɪk] 美 ['ɑsɪlet] 美 [,prɑpə'geʃən] 美 ['protɑn] 美 [pə'ræbələ] 美 ['pærəlɛl] 美 ['pɑrtɪkl] 美 ['pɛndʒələm] 美 ['pɝmənənt] 美 ['fotɑn] 美 [pɪtʃ] 美 [,polərɪ'zeʃən] 美 ['pɑzɪtrɑn] 美 [pə'tɛnʃl] 美 ['pʊli] 美 ['redɪo'æktɪv] 美 [rɪ'frækt] 美 [,rɛlə'tɪvəti] 美 [rɪ'zɪstɚ]
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
standard equilibrium constant
熵
Entropy
焓
enthalpy
表面活性剂
surface active agent
不可逆过程热力学
irreversible thermodynamic process
催化剂
catalyst
Carnot定理
Carnot theorem
溶剂
solvent
溶质
solute
三相点
triple point
升华
sublimation
双分子反应
bimolecular reaction
速率常数
rate constant
速率方程
rate equation
体积功
volumetric work
途径
path
温度
temperature
吸附
adsorption
半电池
half cell半Fra bibliotek期half life
半透膜
semipermeable membrane
饱和蒸气压
saturated vapor pressure
比表面积
specific surface area
标准电池
standard cell
标准摩尔反应Gibbs自由能
standard molar Gibbs free energy of reaction
系统
system
相图
phase diagram
压力
pressure
原电池
primary battery
蒸气压
vapor pressure
正极
positive electrode
自由度
degree of freedom
实际气体
real gas
Nernst方程
Nernst equation
界面
interface
理想气体
ideal(or perfect) gas
摩尔分数
molar fraction
内能
internal energy
膨胀功
expansion work
热化学
thermochemistry
热力学第一定律
first law of thermodynamics
热力学特性函数
characteristic thermodynamic function
反应速率
reaction rate
沸点
boiling point
功
work
化学平衡常数
chemical equilibrium constant
化学动力学
chemical kinetics
化学热力学
chemical thermodynamics
均相系统
homogeneous system
可逆电极
reversible electrode
物理化学部分专业英语单词
原子的
atomic
冰点
ice.point of water
分体积定律
law of partial volume
Arrhenius
活化能
Arrhenius activation energy
Avogadro常数
Avogadro constant
Boltzmann统计
Boltzmann statistics
等温线
isothermal
等压过程
isobaric process
等压反应热
heat of reaction at constant pressure
电导
electric conductance
电解质
electrolyte
二级反应
second order reaction
节流过程
throttling process