大学英语四级模拟题三(含答案)
大学英语四级模拟题三Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage OneScientists are trying to make the deserts into good land again. They want to bring water to the deserts so that people can live and grow food. Even so, more and more of the earth is becoming desert all the time.Why? Scientists think that people make deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth. Some people on the earth do not get very much rain. Yet, they still do not become deserts. This is because there are some small green plants growing there. Plants help keep water in the earth. Plants do not let the wind blow the dirt away. Without plants, the land can become a desert much more easily.A man decides to make a farm in a very dry place. He digs in the earth and takes away the grass and plants that are already growing on the dry land.He makes a farm. He puts plants in rows. The sun is very hot. It makes the land even drier. When the rain comes, it runs between the row of plants. It washes the good dirt away. When the wind comes, it blows between the rows of plants. It blows the good dirt away. Soon the land is not good enough for a farm any more. The man lets his animals eat all the plants on it. Now the land does not have any plants on it. The sun and wind dry the land and all of the good dirt away. Now the land is a desert.1. A desert is probably _____________.A. grassyB. wetC. treelessD. muddy2. Land is becoming desert because of lack of _____________.A. rainB. peopleC. windD. plants3. Which of the following is NOT the reason why small green plants are very important to dry places?A. They keep the earth from becoming even drier.B. They do not let wind blow the earth away.C. They add color to the dry places.D. They hold water.4. It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.A. it is bad to plant in rows in a dry placeB. it is better to raise animals on dry land than to make a farmC. it is bad to make a farm in a dry place, but it is good to raise animals thereD. all lands that don’t get very much rain are deserts5. What’s the writer’s purpose in giving an example of the man?A. To criticize him.B. To tell an interesting story.C. To prove man makes deserts.D. To prove the hot sun makes a desert.Passage TwoFor years, international swimming has been controlled by a small number of powerful nations. The U.S., Russia, Germany and Australia have produced some of the sport’s finest players and have won most of the top competitions and medals. But the results of this month’s world championships, which are being held in the Australian city of Perth, will not be so easy to predict. Since the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta, many new names and nationalities have emerged to take on the world leaders.The 1996 Olympics should have been an opportunity for the U.S. to display its great swimming power, but instead it faced some embarrassing defeats. The surprises started on the first day of the competitions, when Fred of Belgium (比利时) set a world record in the competition for 100-metres breast-stroke (蛙泳). Never before had Belgium produced an Olympic champion swimmer. Two other countries also won swimming gold medals for the first time on the opening day. Ireland’s Michell Smith delighted her country with her first of her three gold medals. New Zealand also celebrated with Danyon Loader’s gold in the men’s 200-metre free style. Loader went on to win the 400 meters later in the competition.By late on the second day, the U.S. team’s officials and coaches were starting to be surprised. Penny Heyns of South Africa had broken the women’s 100-metre breast-stroke record in the morning competitions before claiming gold in the final.6. It is hard to predict the results of this month’s championships because _____________.A. players from different countries have sprung up as new championsB. many names of the players haven’t been heardC. a few countries have won international swimming competitionsD. the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta was a success7. What the U.S. had to face at the 1996 Olympics was _____________.A. new swimming powerB. a big successC. several unpleasant failuresD. a great deal of embarrassment8. The player of Belgium broke a world record in 100-metre breast-stroke which _____________.A. it had won beforeB. it has not gained beforeC. it had won many timesD. the U.S. had never won before9. How many gold medals have the other countries won on the opening day?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.D. Six.10. It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.A. the U.S. is still the only powerful country in swimmingB. the U.S. has been a great swimming powerC. Ireland once controlled international swimmingD. Belgium had won several world swimming championshipsPart Two Listening Comprehension (35’)Section A (1’×15 = 15’)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.11. A. He watched television with his friend.B. He stayed at home talking with his friend.C. He went to see a film with his friend.D. He went to see his schoolmate.12. A. 5:10. B. 5:00. C. 4:30. D. 5:15.13. A. At a booking office. B. In a Hong Kong hotel.C. On a busy street.D. At an airport.14. A. The next bus is coming soon.B. The bus will wait a few minutes at the stop.C. There are only two or three passengers waiting for the bus.D. They can catch this bus without running.15. A. The wind stopped, but it’s still raining.B. The rain stopped.C. It is still raining, and the wind is blowing.D. Both the rain and wind stopped.16. A. He decided not to go to New York.B. They won an award recently.C. They are going to organize a dinner.D. No one expected him to move.17. A. A sunny day. B. A nice raincoat.C. An attractive dress.D. A lovely hat.18. A. No one can find the Department.B. He helps people find the Department here.C. He has no idea where to find the Department.D. He is working at the university.Conversation OneQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. He is not satisfied with his present job.B. He worries too much about his grandmother.C. People dislike his food.D. He is going to be fired.20. A. He learned it in a training center of cooking.B. He learned it from his grandmother.C. He learned it from his mother.D. He learned it from his wife.21. A. He dislikes other businessmen.B. He wants to have more chances to go on business.C. He doesn’t want to trouble others.D. He wants to be self-employed.22. A. Whether he would have enough funds.B. Whether his food is to the customers’ taste.C. Whether his family members would support him.D. Whether he can pay less tax to the government.Conversation TwoQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. Tap dancing and square dancing. B. Tap dancing and belly dancing.C. Folk dancing and square dancing.D. Folk dancing and belly dancing.24. A. Interesting. B. Time-wasting.C. Very tiring.D. Inspiring.25. A. He does not like to interact with people.B. He doesn’t thinks the dancing course will help him interact with other people.C. He hates the dancing course very much.D. He also wants to take the dancing course so that he could be more confident.Section B (1’×10 = 10’)Directions: In this section, you are going to hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A. Their family members. B. Their relatives.C. Their closest friends.D. Strangers.27. A. To get advice. B. To subscribe.C. To place an advertisement.D. To apply for membership.28. A. They are two well-known writers who give advice.B. They are two famous doctors.C. They are two lawyers.D. They are two professors at the New York State University.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A. Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.B. Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.C. The United States is a country of immigrants.D. Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.30. A. They can make friends with people from other countries.B. They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C. They can practise speaking foreign languages there.D. They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.31. A. The couple cook the dishes and the children help them.B. The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress.C. The mother does the cooking while the father and the children wait on the guests.D. A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A. He went to watch his son play in a hockey game.B. He watched a hockey game on TV with his son.C. He and his son had a very good dinner together at an Italian restaurant.D. He called his wife Dana who was appearing in a play in California.33. A. His courage in fighting against his paralysis.B. His love for his 12-year-old son Will.C. His role as Superman in the movie with the same name.D. His opening of the first center in the USA devoted to paralyzed people.34. A. A horse riding accident.B. A car accident.C. A deadly infection of an incurable disease.D. A sudden heart attack.35. A. Christopher Reeve loved acting more than anything else in the world.B. Christopher Reeve was as brave as the superman he played in the movie.C. Christopher Reeve’s great comfort was to die with his son at his side.D. Christopher Reeve will be remembered as a spokesman for the disabled. Section C (1’×10 = 10’) Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.（答案请写在答题纸上）Customers differ greatly from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Should you use both hands when you are eating?The American and the British not only speak the same language but also (36) _____________ a large number of social customs. For instance, in both countries, people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most English will open a door for a woman or (37) _____________ their seat to her, and also will most Americans. Promptness is (38) _____________ both in Britain and America. If a dinner invitation is for 7 o’clock, the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to (39) _____________ the delay.It is relatively common both in China and in the west to invite friends and acquaintances to dinner. However, the customs (40) _____________ with this are often very different in the two cultures, and so both Westerners and Chinese may easily feel (41) _____________, and misunderstandings may be the result. When Westerners wish to invite people to dinner, it is normal to ask them a week or so in (42) _____________. This is because Westerners often (43) ______________________________________ quite carefully, and like to plan what they are doing. If less notice than this is given, it is implied that the invitation is a (44) ______________________________________, and that it does not matter too much if the people can’t accept. So if the host really wants them to come, it is wise to (45) ______________________________________.Part Three Vocabulary and Structure (0.5’×20 = 10’)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.46. There is __________ evidence that stress is partly responsible for his failing health.A. convincedB. convincingC. condenseD. condensed47. Einstein’s theories of __________ contributed much to the development of science.A. relativityB. relativeC. relativelyD. related48. Scientists will have to __________ new technologies to improve the world’s food and fuel supplies.A. come up withB. come uponC. come onD. come across49. The invisible force was evidence to Albert __________ there was more to our world than meets the eye.A. whereB. whenC. whoD. that50. He accepted an invitation to join the __________ as a full professor.A. focusB. factC. facultyD. face51. Parents should give sound advice to their children during their __________ from childhood to manhood.A. transferB. translateC. transitionD. transmit52. With a __________ of updated information, the website is popular with university students.A. wealthB. healthC. mythD. truth53. The travel agency __________ in adventure trips, which attract young people eager for challenges.A. specializeB. specializesC. specialD. specific54. I don’t think that the amount of studying you did in high school would be sufficient for you to __________ good marks in university.A. manufactureB. sponsorC. attractD. attain55. The sweaters are made of wool __________ from Australia.A. importingB. importedC. importD. be imported56. Being the son of a professor does not qualify him __________ the scholarship consideration.A. toB. forC. atD. as57. From all the indications, it is safe to __________ that the prices of cars will go down by large margins.A. consumeB. assureC. resumeD. assume58. He returned to his hometown so that he could __________ his passion for football.A. indulgeB. breakC. limitD. obsess59. They expected a living space with water __________ abundant that it could supply their needs forever.A. soB. suchC. tooD. as60. She failed to call the police to __________ her appointment.A. greetB. retreatC. puzzleD. cancel61. He has just heard that he has been __________ by Oxford University.A. respondedB. acceptedC. allowedD. adjusted62.The movie I went to see with Karen last night __________ me of my boyhood in New York City.A. mindedB. recalledC. remindedD. remembered63. Annual sales of hundreds of products now marked under the Proctor & Gamble umbrella __________ thirty billion dollars.A. exactB. expectC. exceedD. except64. The local government’s decision to reduce unemployment benefits enraged the workers who were laid off and they __________ violent protest.A. resortedB. resorted toC. sortedD. sorted to65. I had no idea because __________ I thought about idioms __________ sure I was what they were.A. the longer, the lessB. the less, the longerC. the long, the lessD. the longer, the littlePart Four Banked Cloze (1’×10 = 10’)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. （请在答题纸上写单词对应的字母代号）It seems that the young Albert Einstein was never exactly an ordinary child. When he was 5 years old and sick in bed, he was given a (66) __________ called a compass. He lay there (67) __________ and twisting it, certain he could fool it into pointing off in a new direction. But try as he might, his (68) __________ were in vain. This (69) __________ his intellect and ignited (点燃) his inspiration. Not only was he passionately curious, he was also (70) __________ persistent and would not easily give up on a problem. He had the patience and determination that kept him at things (71) __________ than most others. At age 12, Albert Einstein came upon a set of ideas that impressed him as “sacred”(神圣的). He was inspired to (72) __________ mathematics as the tool he would use to (73) __________ his curiosity. His true genius lay in his ability to express (74) __________ ideas in simple terms. Einstein’s wealth of ideas peaked (75) __________ he was still a young man of 26, although he never stopped looking for answers.Part Five Translation （答案请写在答题纸上）( 2’×5 = 10’)Directions: Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.76. If you do have financial difficulties, you can ______________________________________ (申请学生贷款).77. While I admit that there are problems, ______________________________________ (我并不认为这些问题不能解决).78. To most of the teenagers, when it comes to______________________________________ (既舒服又时尚的衣着), nothing beats T-shirt and jeans.79.Thoughts are ______________________________________ (通过语言来表达的).80. A great man can ______________________________________ (控制困难的局面) by force of character.Part Six Writing （答案请写在答题纸上）( 15’ ×1=15’)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topic My Views on Travelling on Holidays. You should write at least 120 words (no more than 150 words) based on the topic sentence for each paragraph:1. 越来越多的人们选择假期旅行，以此放松自己，愉悦身心。
大学英语四级全真模拟答案(三)
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌Part ⅠWritingHow to Get Prepared for a JobWith more and more graduates from colleges and universities every year, job hunting has become more and more difficult. In order to gain an upper hand, it is necessary for us to prepare ourselves when we are still on campus.There are several measures college students can take to sharpen their edges. First, it is important to learn the kind of writing skills that will help us get an interview. Writing effective resumes, letters of application, and interview follow-up letters can give us an edge in the job market. Second, we should have knowledge of the job itself. The job we are looking for should neither be beyond our reach nor should it be too easy. Instead, it should bring your abilities into full play.If I do get an interview, take time to prepare well for it. It could be the most important meeting of my career. Try to anticipate what questions will be asked and have answers ready. Present your best appearance and conduct. As a matter of courtesy, and to strengthen your case, write a follow-up letter to thank the interviewer for the interview.In a word, opportunity will only favor those with a ready mind. We should get well-prepared for the future success.Part ⅡReading Compreh ension (Skimming and Scanning)1. Y 细节题文章第一个小标题The Purpose of Health and Fitness Tips，其中的Health and Fitness Tips可能是个组织或计划的名称；Diet and Exercise Are Keys to Healthy Living标题下最后一句中的Health and Fitness Tips Site is all about ...,以上两个细节表明本文是健康网站上的一篇文章。
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题（附答案）一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中，龙是吉祥的象征，代表着权力、威严和好运。
四级模拟考试题库及答案
四级模拟考试题库及答案一、听力部分1. A) The man is going to the cinema.B) The woman is going to the cinema.C) Both are going to the cinema.D) Neither is going to the cinema.答案：C2. A) The woman is a teacher.B) The man is a teacher.C) The woman is a student.D) The man is a student.答案：A3. A) The woman is satisfied with the meal.B) The man is satisfied with the meal.C) Both are satisfied with the meal.D) Neither is satisfied with the meal.答案：D二、阅读部分1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of sleep.B) The effects of sleep deprivation.C) The benefits of taking a nap.D) The relationship between sleep and health.答案：B2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a symptom of sleep deprivation?A) Difficulty in concentrating.B) Increased appetite.C) Irritability.D) Enhanced creativity.答案：D3. What does the author suggest to improve sleep quality?A) Exercising regularly.B) Drinking coffee before bedtime.C) Watching TV in bed.D) Taking a hot bath before sleep.答案：A三、写作部分1. Directions: Write an essay on the topic of "The Role of Technology in Education". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案：略2. Directions: Write an essay on the topic of "The Impact of Social Media on Communication". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案：略四、翻译部分1. 随着科技的发展，人们的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。
英语四级考试模拟题及答案
Test Paper 3Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part II Reading Comprehension（Skimming & Scanning）(15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For question 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The two suspected SARS cases in Guangzhou have been confirmed as having contracted the potentially deadly virus, the Ministry of Heath said Saturday. The cases were confirmed after strict tests in the World Health Organization (WHO) laboratories were completed, a spokesperson of the ministry said.One of the patient, a 20-year-old restaurant waitress, has been discharged from the hospital after full recovery. None of the people that have contacted with her show SARS symptoms and all of them have been released from quarantine, according to the spokesperson. She was identified as a suspected case on January 8.The other patient, a 35-year-old private businessman, is in a stable situation and has maintained a normal temperature for 11 days, the spokesperson said. He was identified as a SARS suspect January 13.The ministry has informed WHO on the latest developments and Guangdong health authorities have also notified Hong Kong and Macao authorities on the current SARS situation.The spokesperson pointed out that, up to now, Guangdong has reported three SARS cases since the epidemic was declared contained last July, but none of them is highly infectious and recovered quickly.However, the spokesperson warned against negligence over the disease and called on all level of governments to be on high alert, taking all kinds of measures to prevent another SARS outbreak.The season's first confirmed case, a 32-year-old television producer, was released from hospital last week.WHO says SARS comes from animalsAll three recent SARS related cases in Guangzhou are believed to have been infected with the potentially deadly virus by animals, WHO experts say.Dr Robert Breiman: No repeat of last year's outbreak.A joint-team of experts on a mission to track down the deadly virus source believed it has traced the cause of the infection in the first confirmed SARS case.The research team consists of members of the WHO, the Chinese Ministry of Health,China Centre of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Guangdong CDC. The South China University of Agriculture is also on board."We have good reason to believe that animals are the reservoir of the ultimate source of SARS,'' Dr Robert Breiman, an epidemiologist with WHO and the United States CDC, said on Friday. Breiman is the team leader. The WHO team will head for Beijing on Saturday after spending a week on its investigation in Guangzhou.The SARS virus has been detected in animal-holding cages in the restaurant in which the 20-year-old restaurant waitress had worked, Breiman said.It was also found in the two wild animals trading markets in the nearby area. And the female patient served dishes made from civets and other animals, Breiman said.The virus separated from the confirmed SARS patient was nearly identical with that from civet samples, according to Guangdong CDC. Civets are a species of wild cats caught and served at area restaurants as a delicacy. Amazingly, the restaurant owner, who has cooked wild animals like the civet for decades, was quarantined for observation but never showed signs of SARS.Up to now, there is no record of the third patient having contacts with wild animals. However, scientists deduce that animals are the most possible source of the disease. “By and large, most of the diseases that have appeared in the past 10 years have, in the end, turned out to be from an animal source,” Breiman said.“Understanding the potential of animal reservoirs for disease is an important part in any investigation for the new diseases,” he added.The SARS that has infected the known patients this year has seemed a less virulent form than last year, the researcher said, infecting people who come into contact with animals, but not always.“Very possibly, it's a variation virus that isn't transmittable from person to person,” he said.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8－10题在答题卡1上。
大学英语四级听力模拟试题(三)及答案
大学英语四级听力模拟试题（三）及答案听力试题Section ADirections：In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations．At the end of each conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what was said Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After each question there will be a pause．During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A.，B.，C.and D.，and decide which is the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the centre．回答1-25题：1、A．Get some small change．B．Find a shopping center．C．Cash a check at a bank．D．Find a parking meter．2、A．Shopping with his son．B．Buying a gift for a chilD．C．Promoting a new product．D．Bargaining with a sA.esgirl．3、A．Taking photographs．B．Enhancing images．C．Mending cameras．D．Painting pictures．4、A．He moved to Baltimore when he was young．B．He can provide little useful information．C．He will show the woman around Baltimore．D．He will ask someone else to help the woman．5、A．He is rather disappointeD．B．He is highly ambitious．C．He can’t face up to the situation．D．He knows his own limitations．6、A．She must have paid a lot for the gym．B．She is known to have a terrific figure．C．Her gym exercise has yielded good results．D．Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy．7、A．Female students are unfit for studying physics．B．He can serve as the woman’s tutor．C．Physics is an important course at school．D．The professor’s suggestion is constructive．8、A．Indifferent．B．Doubtful．C．PleaseD．D．SurpriseD．听录音，回答以下问题：9、A．He prefers the smaller evening classes．B．He has signed up for a day course．C．He has to work during the day．D．He finds the evening course cheaper．10、A．Learn a computer language．B．Learn data processing．C．Buy some computer software．D．Buy a few coursebooks．11、A．Thursday evening，from 7：00 to 9：45．B．From September 1 to New Year’s eve．C．Every Monday,lasting for 12 weeks．D．Three hours a week，45 hours in total．12、A．What to bring for registration．B．Where to attend the class．C．How he can get to Frost Hall．D．Whether he can use a check．听录音，回答以下问题：13、A．A training coach．B．A trading adviser．C．A professionA．manager．D．A financiA．trader．14、A．He can save on living expenses．B．He considers cooking creative．C．He Call enjoy heA.thier fooD．D．He thinks take-away iS tasteless．15、A．It iS something inevitable．B．It is frustrating sometimes．C．It takes patience to manage．D．It can be a good thing．Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear 3 short passages．At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions．Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once．After you hear aquestion，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A.，B.，C. and D．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre．Passage One听录音，回答以下问题：16、A．There were no planets without moons．B．There was no air or water on Jupiter．C．Life was not possible in outer space．D．The mystery of life could not be resolveD．17、A．It has a number of active volcanoes．B．It has an atmosphere like the earth’s．C．It has a large ocean under its surface．D．It has deep caves severA．miles long．18、A．Light is not an essential element to it．B．Life can form in very hot temperatures．C．Every form of life undergoes evolution．D．Oxygen is not needed for some life forms．Passage Two听录音，回答以下问题：19、A．Whether they should take the child home．B．What Dr．Meyer’s instructions exactly were．C．Who should take care of the child at home．D．When the child would completely recover．20、A．She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt．B．She makes them write down all her instructions．C．She has tllem act out what they are to do at home．D．She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do．21、A．It lacks the stability of the printed worD．B．It contains many grammaticA．errors．C．It is heavily dependent on the context．D．It facilitates interpersonA．communication．Passage Three22、听录音，回答以下问题：A．Job security．B．Good labour relations．C．Challenging work．D．Attractive wages and benefits．23、A．Many tedious iobs continue to be done manually．B．More and more unskilled workers will lose iobs．C．Computers will change the nature of many jobs．D．Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable．24、A．Offer them chances of promotion．B．Improve their working conditions．C．Encourage them to compete with each other．D．Give them responsibilities as part of a team．25、A．They will not bring real benefits to the staff．B．They concem a small number of people only．C．They are arbitrarily set by the administrators．D．They are beyond the control of ordinary workers．Section CDireetions：In this section．you will hear a passage three times．When the passage is readfor thefirst time,you shouM listen carefully for its general idea．When the passage is readfor the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have lust heard．Finally,when the passage is readfor the third time,you should check what you have written．根据下列材料，请回答：In the humanities．authors write to inform you in many ways．These methods canbe(26)__________ three types of informational writing：factual，descriptive，and process．Factual writing provides(27)__________ information on an author,composer，or artist or on a type of music，literature，or art．Examples of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or album cover and longer pieces，(28)__________ an article describing a style of music which you might read in a music(29)__________ course．This kind of writing provides a(30)__________ for your study of the humanities．As its name(31)__________ ，descriptive writing simply describes，or provides an(32)__________ of,a piece of music，art，or literature．For example，descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the(33)__________ a composer included in a musical composition．so as to make pictures or sounds in the reader’s mind by(34)__________ specific details of the work．Descriptive writing in the humanities，particularly in literature，is often mixed with critical writing．Process writing explains a series of actions that(35)__________ a result．It tells the reader how to do something，for example，explaining the technique used to shoot a film．This kind of writing is often found in art．where understanding how an artist created a certain effect is important．Authors may actually use more than one type of technique in a given piece of informational writing．26、请回答（26）题__________.27、请回答（27）题__________.28、请回答（28）题__________.29、请回答（29）题__________.30、请回答（30）题__________.31、请回答（31）题__________.32、请回答（32）题__________.33、请回答（33）题__________.34、请回答（34）题__________.35、请回答（35）题__________.听力答案。
大学英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice. For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.1．Normally a student would attend at least______classes each week.A．36B．20C．12D．15正确答案：C解析：由文章第1段可知，每个学生每学期要上4到5门课，每门课每周有3节，由此可知学生每周要上12一15节课，因此一个学生每个星期至少要上12节课．故选C。
大学英语四级练习卷及答案解析 (3)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. After I heard that I took a deferred pass in botany, I was in a _____ emotional state.A. highlyB. doubtfullyC. greatlyD. nervously2. Since I could not see anything through the microscope, _______ my carefuladjustment, I gave up.A. for allB. above allC. after allD. in all3. When the Victorians had family reunions, the hosts went ______ their way to entertain the guests.A. in forB. overC. out ofD. back on4. He is such _______ selfish man that he hasn't ______ least concernfor others.A. /, theB. a, /C. a, theD. the, a5. Towards ______ evening ______ cold rain began to fall.A. the, aB. /, theC. /, aD. the, /6. My journey to Croydon proved to be a miserable one as the rain did not _____.A. dear upB. got offC. let upD. slow down7. The ordinary Zulu fighters were not _______ to Shala’s plan of throwing away their sandals.A. opposedB. objectedC. opposingD. conflicting8. Shakespeare’s ploy “The Taming of the Shrew” is on _______ 3 tonight.A. wavelengthB. postC. bandD. channel9. The tourists ________ through the fog, trying to read what was engraved on the gravestone Shakespeare had chosen for hiself.A. glancedB. glimpedC. peeredD. peeped10. After visiting the Holy Trinity Church, the boys _______ leaving so long that they almost missed the last train to London.A. put offB. delayedC. stoppedD. halted11. When our university laboratory bought this microscope we were givena one year’s _______.A. reservationB. securityC. proofD. guarantee12. Don’t _____ about lunch for the instructors, because they promised to get some on the way.A. brotherB. fussC. troubleD. think13. The football player had studied economics in the university for _____ of roughly six years.A. a decadeB. a timeC. an ageD. a period14. Caracas has been called the Los angles of South America; at _____ they look exactly the same.A. short noticeB. first sightC. first impressionD. first appearance15. A dictionary of the English language, _______ by Dr Samuel Johnson, was the first real attempt as a systematic and interestingly written survey of English usage.A. construckedB. composedC. compiledD. collected16. She said she wouldn't call us the next day, _____ she?A. wouldB. wouldn'tC. didD. didn't17. Nobody came to see me while I was out, _____?A. did theyB. didn't whileC. did sheD. didn't she18. There's no water in the bottle, ________?A. isn't thereB. is thereC. hasn't thereD. has there19. No one was absent from the meeting, _______?A. was sheB. weren't sheC. were theyD. weren't they20. You needn't speak so loudly, _____?A. don't youB. do youC. needn't youD. need you二、完型填空（共计20分）Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursinghomes. They are left in the 1 of strangers for the rest of their lives.Their 2 children visit them onlyoccasionally,but more often, they do not have any 3 visitors.The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an 4story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care 5 elderly people nee D. SamuelPrestoon, a sociologist, studied 6 the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the 7American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. 8 , because people todaylive longer after an illness than people did years 9 , family members must provide long term care. Morepsychologists have found that all caregivers10 a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that theyare the best11 for the jo B. In other words, they all felt that they 12 do the job better than anyoneelse.Social workers 13 caregivers to find out why theytook 14 the responsibility of caring for an elderlyrelative.Many caregivers believed they had 15 to help their relative.Some stated that helping others 16them feel more useful.Others hoped that by helping 17 now, they would deserve care when they becameold and 18 .Caring for the elderlyand being taken care of can be a 19 satisfying experience for everyonewho might be 20 .1.A.hands B. arms C.bodies D.homes2.A.growing B. grown C.being grown D.having grown3.A.constant B. lasting C.regular D.normal4.A.imaginary B. imaginable C.imaginative D.imagery5.A.that B. this C.those D.these6.A.when B. how C.what D.wheremon B. ordinary C.standard D.average8.A.Further B. However C.Moreover D.Whereas9.A.before B. ago ter tely10.A.share B. enjoy C.divide D.consent11.A.person B. people C.character D.man12.A.would B. will C.could D.can13.A.questioned B. interviewed C.inquired D.interrogate14.A.in B. up C.on D.off15.A.admiration B. initiative C.necessity D.obligation16.A.cause B. enable C.make D.get17.A.someone B. anyone C.everyone D.anybody18.A.elderly B. dependent C.dependable D.independent19.A.similarly B. differently C.mutually D.certainly20.A.involved B. excluded C.included D.considered三、阅读理解：(共25分)The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculturecomplained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?A. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sB. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sC. U.S. Economy in the 50’sD. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 3, the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.A. nearby explosionB. thunderous noiseC. general public supportD. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.A. confidenceB. confusionC. disappointmentD. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?A. EconomistsB. FrmaersC. PoliticiansD. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?A. 60％B. 50％C. 33％D. 90％四、书面表达：(满分15分)请你写封信给你的朋友Tony告诉他，请他关照下你的朋友小花,内容重点如下:1.告诉这个消息2.请他给你朋友小花一些建议并给予指导注意:字数应为120词左右参考答案：一、选择题：1-5题答案:AACCC6-10题答案:CADCB11-15题答案:DADBC16-20题答案:DABCD二、完型填空1.【答案】A 本句意为他们的业余生活要由陌生人来照料。
大学英语四级练习卷及答案解析 (3)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1.After I heard that I took a deferred pass in botany,I was in a_____ emotional state.A.highlyB.doubtfullyC.greatlyD.nervously2.Since I could not see anything through the microscope,_______my carefuladjustment,I gave up.A.for allB.above allC.after allD.in all3.When the Victorians had family reunions,the hosts went______their way to entertain the guests.A.in forB.overC.out ofD.back on4.He is such_______selfish man that he hasn't______least concernfor others.A./,theB.a,/C.a,theD.the,a5.Towards______evening______cold rain began to fall.A.the,aB./,theC./,aD.the,/6.My journey to Croydon proved to be a miserable one as the rain did not_____.A.dear upB.got offC.let upD.slow down7.The ordinary Zulu fighters were not_______to Shala’s plan of throwing away their sandals.A.opposedB.objectedC.opposingD.conflicting8.Shakespeare’s ploy“The Taming of the Shrew”is on_______3tonight.A.wavelengthB.postC.bandD.channel9.The tourists________through the fog,trying to read what was engraved on the gravestone Shakespeare had chosen for hiself.A.glancedB.glimpedC.peeredD.peeped10.After visiting the Holy Trinity Church,the boys_______leaving so long that they almost missed the last train to London.A.put offB.delayedC.stoppedD.halted11.When our university laboratory bought this microscope we were givena one year’s_______.A.reservationB.securityC.proofD.guarantee12.Don’t_____about lunch for the instructors,because they promised to get some on the way.A.brotherB.fussC.troubleD.think13.The football player had studied economics in the university for_____ of roughly six years.A.a decadeB.a timeC.an ageD.a period14.Caracas has been called the Los angles of South America;at_____ they look exactly the same.A.short noticeB.first sightC.first impressionD.first appearance15.A dictionary of the English language,_______by Dr Samuel Johnson, was the first real attempt as a systematic and interestingly written survey of English usage.A.construckedposedpiledD.collected16.She said she wouldn't call us the next day,_____she?A.wouldB.wouldn'tC.didD.didn't17.Nobody came to see me while I was out,_____?A.did theyB.didn't whileC.did sheD.didn't she18.There's no water in the bottle,________?A.isn't thereB.is thereC.hasn't thereD.has there19.No one was absent from the meeting,_______?A.was sheB.weren't sheC.were theyD.weren't they20.You needn't speak so loudly,_____?A.don't youB.do youC.needn't youD.need you二、完型填空（共计20分）Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age,their families place them in nursinghomes.They are left in the1of strangers for the rest of their lives.Their2children visit them onlyoccasionally,but more often,they do not have any3visitors.The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an4story.In fact,family members provide over80percent of the care5elderly people nee D. SamuelPrestoon,a sociologist,studied6the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the7American couple reaches40years of age,they have more parents than children.8,because people todaylive longer after an illness than people did years9,family members must provide long term care.Morepsychologists have found that all caregivers 10a common characteristic:All caregivers believe that theyare the best 11for the jo B.In other words,they all felt that they12do the job better than anyoneelse.Social workers13caregivers to find out why theytook14the responsibility of caring for an elderlyrelative.Many caregivers believed they had15to help their relative.Some stated that helping others16them feel more useful.Others hoped that by helping17 now,they would deserve care when they becameold and18.Caring for the elderlyand being taken care of can be a19satisfying experience for everyonewho might be20.1.A.hands B.arms C.bodies D.homes2.A.growing B.grown C.being grown D.having grown3.A.constant sting C.regular D.normal4.A.imaginary B.imaginable C.imaginative D.imagery5.A.that B.this C.those D.these6.A.when B.how C.what D.wheremon B.ordinary C.standard D.average8.A.Further B.However C.Moreover D.Whereas9.A.before B.ago ter tely10.A.share B.enjoy C.divide D.consent11.A.person B.people C.character D.man12.A.would B.will C.could D.can13.A.questioned B.interviewed C.inquired D.interrogate14.A.in B.up C.on D.off15.A.admiration B.initiative C.necessity D.obligation16.A.cause B.enable C.make D.get17.A.someone B.anyone C.everyone D.anybody18.A.elderly B.dependent C.dependable D.independent19.A.similarly B.differently C.mutually D.certainly20.A.involved B.excluded C.included D.considered三、阅读理解：(共25分)The economy of the United states after1952was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people.Despit occasional alarms,the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom.A n economic survey of the year1955,a typical year of the1950’s,may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade.The national output was value at10percent above that of1954(1955output was estimated at392billion dollars).The production of manufacturers was about40percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War2.The country’s business spent about30billion dollars for new factories and machinery.National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in1950. Consumers spent about256billion dollars;that is about700million dollars a day,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour,all round the clock.Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them.Only agriculturecomplained that it was not sharing in the room.To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s.As farmer’s shre of their products declined,marketing costs rose.But there were,among the observers of the national economy,a few who were not as confident as the majority. Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1.What is the best title of the passage?A.The Agriculatural Trends of1950’sB.The Unemployment Rate of1950’sC.U.S.Economy in the50’sD.The Federal Budget of19522.In Line3,the word“boom”could best be replaced by______.A.nearby explosionB.thunderous noiseC.general public supportD.rapid economic growth3.It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in1955viewed the national economy with an air of _________.A.confidenceB.confusionC.disappointmentD.suspicion4.Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the1950’s?A.EconomistsB.FrmaersC.PoliticiansD.Steelworkers5.The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S.was greater in1955than in1950.How much was it?A.60％B.50％C.33％D.90％四、书面表达：(满分15分)请你写封信给你的朋友Tony告诉他，请他关照下你的朋友小花,内容重点如下:1.告诉这个消息2.请他给你朋友小花一些建议并给予指导注意:字数应为120词左右参考答案：一、选择题：1-5题答案:AACCC6-10题答案:CADCB11-15题答案:DADBC16-20题答案:DABCD二、完型填空1.【答案】A本句意为他们的业余生活要由陌生人来照料。
大学英语四级模拟试题三及答案
大学英语四级考试模拟试题三及答案本套试题包括三部分：阅读理解、完形填空和作文。
第一部分：阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个正确答案。
Passage 1：In recent years, the popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) has been on the rise. One of the main reasons people are opting for EVs is their potential to reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, electric vehicles tend to have lower operating costs due to reduced fuel expenses and fewer maintenance requirements.A. What is one reason for the growing popularity of electric vehicles?1.They require more maintenance than traditional vehicles.2.They have a longer driving range than traditional vehicles.3.They can help reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.4.They are less expensive to purchase than traditional vehicles.答案：3Passage 2：Podcasts have become a popular form of entertainment and education in recent years. They cover a wide range of topics, from news and politics to culture and personal stories. One of the advantages of podcasts is their accessibility, as they can be easily downloaded and listened to on various devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and computers.A. What is an advantage of podcasts mentioned in the passage?1.They are only available on specific devices.2.They cover a limited range of topics.3.They are accessible and can be listened to on various devices.4.They require a subscription to access content.答案：3第二部分：完形填空阅读下面的短文，从每个空格后的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷三(带答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷三(总分：490.50，做题时间：120分钟)一、Part ⅠWriting (总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Precious Water. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:1. 举例说明水对人类的重要性；2. 举例说明我国所面临的水资源问题；3. 为了生存和发展人们要……（分数：106.50）_________________________________________________________________ _________________________正确答案：(Precious WaterNo one doubts the importance of water. Human beings live on water, animals live on water, plants live on water and all living things live on water. You can't imagine what would happen if there were no water in the world!China is one of the countries in the world that are badly short of water. Water problem has become more acute in recent years with the increase of water consumption and pollution. In big cities, the water problem has become even worse. With the growth of population, more and more water is needed. With the development of the industry, a large quantity of water has been and is being polluted. Water pollution is the most serious problem that China is facing. It has spread to rivers, lakes, and even the oceans.In order to survive, man has to be wise enough to treasure water and try to prevent it from being polluted. Man should also know that all resources in the world are limited, including water. Make good use of them, otherwise, man will be punished by nature. To treasure water is to treasure life; to protect our environment is to protect ourselves.)解析：二、Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (总题数：1，分数：71.00)Pollution: A Life and Death IssueOne of the main themes of Planet under Pressure is the way many of the Earth's environmental crises reinforce one another. Pollution is an obvious example-we do not have the option of growing food, or finding enough water, on a squeaky-clean planet, but on one increasingly tarnished and trashed by the way we have used it so far.Cutting waste and clearing up pollution cost money. Yet time and again it is the quest for wealth that generates much of the mess is the first place. Living in a way that is less damaging to the Earth is not easy, but it is vital, because pollution is pervasive and often life-threatening.Air: the World Health Organization (WHO) says three million people are killedworldwide by outdoor air pollution annually from vehicles and industrial emissions, and 1.6 million indoors through using solid fuel. Most are in poor countries.Water: diseases carried in water are responsible for 80% of illnesses and deaths in developing countries, killing a child every eight seconds. Each year 2.1 million people die from diarrhoeal (痢疾的) diseases associated with poor water.Soil: contaminated land is a problem in industrialized countries, where former factories and power stations can leave waste like heavy metals in the soil. It can also occur in developing countries, sometimes used for dumping pesticides. Agriculture can pollute land with pesticides, nitrate-rich fertilizers and slurry from livestock. And when the contamination reaches rivers it damages life there, and can even create dead zones off the coast, as in the Gulf of Mexico.Chronic ProblemChemicals are a frequent pollutant. When we think of chemical contamination it is often images of events like Bhopal that come to mind. But the problem is widespread. One study says 7～20% of cancers are attributable to poor air and pollution in homes and workplaces. The WHO, concerned about chemicals that persist and build up in the body, especially in the young, says we may "be conducting a large-scale experiment with children's health".Some man-made chemicals, endocrine (内分泌) disruptors like phthalates (酞酸盐) and nonylphenol a breakdown product of spermicides (杀精子剂), cosmetics and detergents-are blamed for causing changes in the genitals of some animals. Affected species include polar bears-so not even the Arctic is immune. And the chemicals climb the food chain, from fish to mammals, and to us.About 70,000 chemicals are on the market, with around 1,500 new ones appearing annually. At least 30,000 are thought never to have been comprehensively tested for their possible risks to people.At first glance, the plastic buckets stacked in the corner of the environmental NGO office look like any others. But the containers are an unlikely weapon in one poor community's fight against oil companies which they say are responsible for widespread ill-health caused by years of pollution. The vessels are used by a network of local volunteers, known as the Bucket Brigade, to gather air samples in neighborhoods bordering oil refineries, as part of a campaign to monitor and document air pollution which they believe is coming from the plants.In South Africa, as in many developing and newly industrialized countries, legislation on air pollution has failed to keep pace with mushrooming industries. So local residents, like many in poor communities around the globe, have faced the problem of investigating their claim that industries on their doorsteps are making them sick.Trade-offBut the snag is that modern society demands many of them, and some are essential for survival. So while we invoke the precautionary principle, which always recommends erring on the side of caution, we have to recognize there will be trade-offs to be made.The pesticide DDT does great damage to wildlife and can affect the humannervous system, but can also be effective against malaria (疟疾). Where does the priority lie?The industrialized world has not yet cleaned up the mess it created, but it is reaping the benefits of the pollution it has caused. It can hardly tell the developing countries that they have no right to follow suit.Another complication in tackling pollution is that it does not respect political frontiers. There is a U.N. convention on trans-boundary air pollution, but that cannot cover every problem that can arise between neighbors, or between states which do not share a border. Perhaps the best example is climate change-the countries of the world share one atmosphere, and what one does can affect everyone.For One and AllOne of the principles that are supposed to apply here is simple-the polluter pays. Sometimes it is obvious who is to blame and who must pay the price, but it is not always straightforward to work out just who is the polluter, or whether the rest of us would be happy to pay the price of stopping the pollution.One way of cleaning up after ourselves would be to throw less away, designing products to be recycled or even just to last longer.Previous generations worked on the assumption that discarding our waste was a proper way to get rid of it, so we used to dump nuclear materials and other potential hazards at sea, confident they would be dispersed in the depths.We now think that is too risky because, as one author wrote, "there's no such place as 'away', and there's no such person as the 'other'."Irritating AirDespite recent improvements, however, the health problems are still there. A 2002 medical study, carried out by Durban's Nelson Mandela School of Medicine and a U.S. university, found that an abnormally high 52% of students and teachers at a primary school bordering the Engen plant suffered from asthma (哮喘). It found that increases in air pollution tended to aggravate asthma symptoms in children.The petrol producers do not dispute the findings but argue that researchers were unable to establish a causal link between air pollution and the high prevalence of asthma among the school population.For the community, the next step is to take legal action. But, according to internationally recognized environmentalist Bobby Peek, targeting the companies would be difficult as it would be near-impossible to prove that illnesses suffered were caused by pollution coming from a particular plant.Mr. Peek, who grew up beneath Engen's stacks, says the activists are now considering taking action against the authorities. "We are now looking at suing the government on constitutional grounds, for failing to ensure our right to protection from a harmful environment as stipulated in the constitution," he said.Legislative ChangeA new batch (批) of environmental laws, the National Air Quality Management Act, has just been passed by the South African parliament to replace outdated 1965 legislation with tighter controls and tougher sanctions.Martinus van Schalkwyk, the minister of environmental affairs and tourism,visited the south Durban basin earlier this year and said there were measures in place to improve the situation. "I share the anger and frustration of this community. It is long overdue," he told the South African Broadcasting Corporation.The local authorities have also established a "Multi-Point Plan" for the area. They say it is a powerful model for tackling pollution and points to a 40% reduction in sulphur dioxide emissions in recent years.（分数：71.0）(1).According to World Health Organization, how many people are killed by outdoor air pollution?（分数：7.1）A.3 million√B.2.1 millionC.1.6 millionD.3.2 million解析：细节题。