中国墓葬文化【英语】

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中国传统丧葬文化英语作文

中国传统丧葬文化英语作文

中国传统丧葬文化英语作文Funeral Culture in China。

Funeral culture in China is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. It is a solemn and respectful way to send off the deceased and express condolences to the family. The funeral customs in China are deeply rooted in the traditional beliefs and values of the Chinese people.The funeral process in China usually begins with the announcement of the death. The family of the deceased will hang a white cloth or paper on their door as a sign of mourning. The family will then prepare for the funeral by cleaning the body and dressing it in new clothes. The bodyis then placed in a coffin and a wake is held for familyand friends to pay their respects.During the funeral, there are many rituals and customs that are observed. The family of the deceased will hire a Taoist priest or Buddhist monk to perform the funeral rites.The priest or monk will recite scriptures and perform rituals to guide the soul of the deceased to the afterlife. The family will also burn incense and paper money as offerings to the deceased.In addition to the funeral rites, there are also many taboos and superstitions that are observed during the funeral. For example, the family of the deceased should not wear bright or colorful clothing as a sign of respect. They should also avoid laughing or speaking loudly during the funeral. It is also considered bad luck to sweep the floor or take a bath during the funeral period.After the funeral, the family of the deceased will hold a memorial service to honor the deceased. This is an opportunity for family and friends to share memories and stories about the deceased. The family will also continue to burn incense and paper money as offerings to the deceased.Overall, funeral culture in China is a deeply rooted tradition that is still observed today. It is a way for theChinese people to honor and respect their ancestors and loved ones. While some of the customs and taboos may seem strange to outsiders, they are an important part of Chinese culture and should be respected.。

介绍乾陵的英语作文

介绍乾陵的英语作文

介绍乾陵的英语作文Qianling, located in Shaanxi Province, China, is the tomb of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty. 乾陵位于中国陕西省,是唐朝高宗和武则天的陵墓。

The construction of Qianling began in 684 AD and was completed in 706 AD. 乾陵的建造始于公元684年,完成于公元706年。

Qianling is known for its unique layout and impressive stone sculptures. 乾陵以其独特的布局和令人印象深刻的石雕而闻名。

The tomb is surrounded by a wall and contains a stone chamber with the sarcophagi of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian. 陵墓四周有围墙,内含有一个石室,安放着高宗和武则天的石棺。

Visitors can see the stone statues of civil and military officials, as well as horses and camels, which reflect the grandeur of the Tang Dynasty. 参观者可以看到文武官员、马和骆驼的石像,反映了唐朝的辉煌。

The tomb of Qianling is also famous for its mural paintings, which depict various scenes from the daily life of the Tang Dynasty. 乾陵的墓室壁画也以描绘唐代日常生活的各种场景而闻名。

中国的世界文化遗产-英文版

中国的世界文化遗产-英文版
World Cultural Heritage
in China
By: Lily & Lindsay
Contents
自行Cu添lt加ur标a题l Heritage
2 自行添加标题
historical
文物
பைடு நூலகம்relic
自行a添r加ch标it题ectural Complex
自行添加标建题筑群
Monument
Temple of Confucius The Temple of Heaven
The Mogao Grottoes
Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor
The Potala Palace Lhasa
The Ancient City-Li jiang
West Lake
sentence
It is listed as World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO in 年份
UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 联合国教科文组织
谢谢大家!
遗址
Architectural Complex
Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor The Potala Palace Lhasa The Ancient City-Li jiang West Lake
The palace Museum The Great Wall
The palace Museum
The Great Wall
Temple of Confucius, Cemetery of Confucius and Kong Family Mansion in Qufu

高考英语素材积累之文化遗产保护知识清单-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

高考英语素材积累之文化遗产保护知识清单-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

高考英语素材积累之文化遗产保护知识清单-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项一、必备词汇1. cultural heritage 文化遗产2. preserve 保护;保存3. conserve 保护;保存4. heritage conservation 遗产保护5. endangered heritage 濒危遗产6. historic 历史的;有历史意义的7. archaeological 考古的;考古学的8. artifact 文物;人工制品9. relic 遗物;遗迹;纪念物10. monument 纪念碑;纪念物11. legacy 遗产;遗留物12. inherit 继承;遗传13. preservation 保存;维护14. conservationist 保护主义者15. heritage site 遗产地二、句子积累1. The preservation of cultural heritage is crucial for our futuregenerations. 文化遗产的保护对我们的后代至关重要。

2. Cultural heritage is a precious treasure that needs to be protected and cherished. 文化遗产是需要被保护和珍视的珍贵宝藏。

3. We must take active steps to safeguard our cultural heritage from being lost or damaged. 我们必须采取积极措施来保护我们的文化遗产不被丢失或损坏。

4. The rich cultural heritage of our country is a source of pride and inspiration. 我们国家丰富的文化遗产是自豪和灵感的源泉。

5. Protecting cultural heritage is not only our responsibility, but also our obligation. 保护文化遗产不仅是我们的责任,也是我们的义务。

古代中国文化英语版

古代中国文化英语版

节日类:1.年节买年货:special purchases for the Spring Festival红包:red packets / red envelope舞狮:lion dance 舞龙:dragon dance除夕:Chinese New Year’s Eve/ Eve of the Spring Festival 春晚:Spring Festival Gala 烟花爆竹:fireworks and firecrackers守岁:staying-up拜年:give New Year's greetings/ New Year's visit 去晦气:get rid of the ill-fortune压岁钱:gift money/ money given to children as a lunar New Year gift除旧岁:bid farewell to the old year 春联:(Spring Festival) couplets年画:New Year painting庙会:temple fair元宵节:Lantern Festival元宵:Tangyuan/ sweet rice dumpling灯谜:lantern riddle全家团圆:family reunion 2.清明清明节:Tomb-sweeping Day/ Qingming Festival/ Ching Ming/ Chinese Memorial Day/ Ancestors' Day寒食:Cold Food Festival/ Hanshi Day/ the day before Pure Brightness when only cold food is served扫墓:sweep a grave/ pay respect to a dead person at his tomb/ visit ones grave 祭祀:offer sacrifices. to thegods or the spirits of the dead 纸钱:spiritual money先人:ancestor/ forefather 踏青:have an outing in spring 青团:Qingtuan: green dumplings made of glutinous rice and barley grass出行高峰:travel peak3.端午端午节:Dragon Boat Festival粽子:zongzi, pyramid-shaped dumplings made of glutinous rice, stuffed with different fillings and wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves雄黄酒:realgar wine赛龙舟:dragon boat race 佩香囊:wear a sachet. They first sew little bags with colorful silk cloth, then fill the bags with perfumes or herbal medicines, and finally string them with silk thread.系五彩线:tie five colored rings驱五毒:drive away the five poisonous creatures/ drive away poisonous pests, including scorpions, vipers, centipedes, house lizards andtoads.游百病:prevent disease by having fun/ Entertainment for all is said to ward off disease. 农历五月初五:the 5th day of the 5th month of the traditional Chinese calendar 楚国:the antient state of Chu 投江自尽:drown oneself 纪念:commemorate菖蒲:calamus艾草:wormwood驱邪避疫:prevent disease or evil4.中秋及其他中秋节:Mid-Autumn Festival月饼:moon cake赏月:watch and admire the moon皎洁:(of moonlight) bright and clean玉兔:Jade Rabbit 嫦娥:Chang’e中元节:Ghost Festival七夕:Magpie Festival重阳节:Double Ninth Festival 5.节气及其他节气:seasonal division points立春:spring begins惊鸷:insects awaken雨水:the rains春分:vernal equinox谷雨:grain rain立夏:summer begins小满:lesser fullness芒种:grain in ear 夏至:summer solstice 小暑:sight heat大暑:great heat立秋:autumn begins 处暑:end of heat白露:white dew秋分:autumn equinox 寒露:cold dews霜降:hoar-frost falls 立冬:winter begins小雪:light snow大雪:heavy snow冬至:winter solstice 小寒:slight coldness 大寒:great coldness 地支:Earthly Branch 天干:Heavenly Stem 生肖:Chinese zodiac 阴历:solar calendar 闰年:leap year文学思想类:儒家文化:Confucian culture儒家学派:Confucianism 孔子:Confucius孟子:Mencius四书:the Four Books五经:the Five Classics《诗经》:The Book of Songs 《史记》:Historical Records/ Records of the Grand Historian《西游记》:The Journey to the West《水浒传》:Water Margin 《红楼梦》:A Dream in Red Mansions工艺器物类:中国古代四大发明:the four great inventions of ancient China 火药:gunpowder造纸术:paper-making印刷术:printing 指南针:compass瓷器:porcelain/ china陶器:pottery/ earthenware 漆器:lacquer玉石:jade唐三彩:tricolor glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝:cloisonnéenamel 蜡染:batik旗袍:cheongsam唐装:Tang Suit中国结:Chinese knot亭/阁:pavilion/ attic刺绣:embroidery虎头鞋:tiger-head-shoes 宫灯:palace lantern木/石/竹刻:wood/ stone/ bamboo carving木刻画:wood engraving泥人儿:clay figure剪纸:paper cut皮影:shadow puppet双面绣:two-sided embroidery檀香扇:sandalwood fan微雕:miniature engraving 象牙雕刻:ivory carving书法绘画类:甲骨文:inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells of the Shang Dynasty象形文字:pictograms/ pictographic characters偏旁:radical繁体字:traditional Chinese characters书法:calligraphy楷书:regular script麦秸画:straw patchwork漆画:lacquer painting中国画:Chinese painting水墨画:Chinese brush drawing / ink and wash painting 文人画:literati painting仕女画:traditional Chinese painting of beautiful women 吴派山水:Wu school landscape金碧山水:gold-and—green landscape草虫画:grasses and insects painting泼墨山水:splashed ink landscape气韵:spirit and charm/ tone 侧锋:brush-side technique 笔法:brush style写意画:free sketch/ freehand brushwork文房四宝(笔墨纸砚):the four treasure of the study, brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone印/玺:seal/ stamp篆刻:seal cutting拓碑:making rubbings from inscriptions/ pictures on stone tablets拓片:rubbing历史类:春秋the Spring and Autumn Period 战国:Warring States丝绸之路:Silk Road鸦片战争:the Opium War 辛亥革命:the Revolution of 1911 大跃进:Great Leap Forward (Movement)四人帮:Gang of Four文化大革命:Cultural Revolution红卫兵:Red Guard太监:eunuch缠足:foot-binding生活习俗类:民俗:folkways四合院:Siheyuan/ Quadrangle 风水:Fengshui/ Geomantic Omen红白喜事:weddings and funerals集体舞:group dance小吃摊:snack bar/ snack stand茶馆:teahouse/ teabar铁饭碗:iron bowl结婚证:marriage certificate 剩女:leftover woman古装片:costume drama武打片:Chinese swordplay movie戏曲:traditional opera杂耍:vaudeville京剧:Beijing Opera/Peking Opera京剧脸谱:types of facial makeup in Beijing opera生:male characters末:middle-aged malecharacters净:”painted face”characters 旦:female characters丑:clown秦腔:Qin Opera相声:cross-talk/ comic dialogue电视小品:TV sketch/ TV skit 太极拳:Tai Chi/ shadowboxing门当户对:perfect match/ exact match门神:door gods对联:poetic couplet龙图腾:the dragon totem 中医:traditional Chinese medicine针灸:acupuncture国家中医药管理局:State Administration of TCM Pharmacology社会政治类:一国两制:one country, two systerms中国特色社会主义:Chinese-characterSocialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics大中型国有企业:large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises合资企业:joint venture物质精神文明建设:construction of material and spiritual civilization下岗:lay off/ laid off地理名胜类:黄土高原:Loess Plateau长江中下游地区:The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River天坛:Altar of Heaven in Beijing故宫博物院:The PalaceMuseum御花园:imperial garden莫高窟:Mogao Caves西湖:West Lake兵马俑:cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army美食类:馄饨:wonton 锅贴:guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷:steamed twisted rolls 套餐:set meal盒饭:box lunch/ Chinese take-away米豆腐:rice tofu魔芋豆腐:konjak tofu米粉:rice noodles冰糖葫芦:a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)火锅:chafing dish/ hot pot 八宝饭:eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝:glass noodles 豆腐脑:jellied bean curd酱油:soy sauce臭豆腐:stinky tofu大闸蟹:Chinese mitten crab 春卷:spring roll年糕:rice cake本帮菜:local cuisine舌尖上的中国:A Bite of China宗教及其他:禅宗:Zen Buddhism道教:Taoism神道教:Shiutoism佛教:Buddhism和尚:bonze财神:the God of Wealth土地神:Local God of the Land 龙王:Dragon King寿:longevity福:good fortune和:harmony。

高中英语 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 中国的世界文化遗产素材 新人教

高中英语 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 中国的世界文化遗产素材 新人教

高中英语 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 中国的世界文化遗产素材新人教版选修8中国的世界文化遗产第二次世界大战结束之后,现代化进程迅猛如潮.给人类的居住环境和文化遗存带来了巨大的压力和破坏。

为了使物质文明的进步与环境保护相协调.为了全人类的可持续发展,联合国教科文组织成员国于1972年倡导并缔结了《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》。

公约主要考虑到部分文化或自然遗产具有突出的重要性.因而需要作为全人类世界遗产的一部分加以保护;考虑到鉴于威胁这类遗产的新危险的规模和严重性,整个国际社会有责任通过提供集体性援助来参与保护具有突出的普遍价值的文化和自然遗产。

缔约国内的文化和自然遗产,由缔约国申报,经世界遗产中心组织权威专家考察、评估.世界遗产委员会主席团会议初步审议,最后经公约缔约国大会投票通过并列入《世界遗产名录》。

遗产种类有文化遗产、自然遗产和文化、自然双重遗产。

列入《世界遗产名录》的文化遗产.称为世界文化遗产。

中国的世界文化遗产明清故宫:文化遗产,1987年列入,北京市颐和园:文化遗产,1998年列入,北京市天坛:文化遗产,1998年列入,北京市长城:文化遗产,1987年列入,北京市周口店“北京人“遗址:文化遗产,1987年列入,北京市承德避暑山庄及周围寺庙:文化遗产,1994年列入,河北省平遥古城:文化遗产,1997年列入,山西省曲阜孔庙孔林孔府:文化遗产,1994年列入,山东省敦煌莫高窟:文化遗产,1987年列入,甘肃省大足石刻:文化遗产,1999年列入,重庆市秦始皇陵:文化遗产,1987年列入,陕西省苏州古曲园林:文化遗产,1997年列入,江苏省武当山古建筑群:文化遗产,1994年列入,湖北省拉萨布达拉宫:文化遗产,1994年列入,西藏自治区丽江古城:文化遗产,1997年列入,云南省泰山:自然与文化遗产,1987年列入,山东省黄山:自然与文化遗产,1990年列入,安徽省峨眉山-乐山大佛风景名胜区:自然与文化遗产,1996年列入,四川省九寨沟风景名胜区:自然遗产,1992年列入,四川省黄龙风景名胜区:自然遗产,1992年列入,四川省武陵源风景名胜区:自然遗产,1992年列入,湖南省庐山风景名胜区:世界文化景观,1995年列入,江西省武夷山风景名胜区:自然与文化遗产,1999年列入,福建省龙门石窟:文化遗产,2000年列入,河南省青城山-都江堰:文化遗产,2000年列入,四川省皖南古村落(西递、宏村):文化遗产, 2000年列入,安徽省明清皇家陵寝:文化遗产,(湖北明显陵、河北清东陵、河北清西陵)2000年列入,(北京十三陵、南京明孝陵)2003年列入云冈石窟: 文化遗产, 2001年列入,山西省高句丽王城、王陵及贵族墓葬:文化遗产, 2004年列入,吉林省澳门历史城区: 文化遗产,2005年列入, 澳门特别行政区三江并流: 自然遗产,2003年列入,云南省四川大熊猫栖息地: 自然遗产,2006年列入,四川省安阳殷墟:历史文化遗产,2006年7月13日列入,河南省。

中国丧葬文化英语作文

中国丧葬文化英语作文

中国丧葬文化英语作文In China, funeral customs are deeply rooted intradition and culture. People often hold elaborate ceremonies to honor the deceased and show respect to their ancestors.During a Chinese funeral, mourners typically wear white or black clothing as a sign of respect. They may also burn incense, paper money, and other offerings to send off the spirit of the deceased to the afterlife.One common practice at Chinese funerals is the use of funeral processions, where family members and friends walk behind the hearse to the burial site. This symbolizes the support and solidarity of the community in mourning the loss of a loved one.In some regions of China, it is customary to hire professional mourners to wail and cry loudly during the funeral procession. This is believed to help release thesoul of the deceased and bring peace to their spirit.After the funeral, a feast is often held to celebrate the life of the deceased and to bring together family and friends in remembrance. This gathering is seen as a way to comfort each other and share memories of the departed.In Chinese culture, ancestor worship is an important aspect of funeral customs. Families may continue to honor their ancestors through rituals and ceremonies, ensuring that their spirits are at peace and watching over their descendants.Overall, Chinese funeral customs reflect the belief in the importance of honoring the deceased and maintaining a connection with the past. These traditions are a way to show respect, remember loved ones, and find solace in the face of loss.。

七年级英语Part 3(Cultural link 文化链接)人教四年制版知识精讲

七年级英语Part 3(Cultural link 文化链接)人教四年制版知识精讲

七年级英语Part 3(Cultural link 文化)人教四年制版【同步教育信息】一. 本周教学内容Part 3(Cultural link 文化)二. 本周重点及难点(一)重点词语及表达1. project 方案,计划,规划= plan[,e]Let’s make a project / plan about our trip . 让我们制定一个旅游计划。

2. wonder 奇观,奇事,奇才(名)[Λ]wonderful 精彩的(形)The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders of the world .长城是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。

3. the Museum of Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses 陶兵陶马博物馆[’ter][’k t][’w ri z]terra cotta 赤土赤陶,赤褐色warrior 勇士4. province 省[][ i ]in Shanxi Province 在某某省5. bury 埋葬,葬buried(过去式)[e][ i ]The children buried the dead bird in the garden .孩子们把死鸟埋在花园里。

6. grave 坟墓[ei ]7. emperor 皇帝[’emp r]Qin Shihuang was the first Chinese Emperor . 秦始皇是中国的第一个皇帝。

8. mountain 山,山峦[au][ i ]the Yellow Mountains 某某Huangshan is called the Yellow Mountains in English .9. north 北,北方south 南,南方west 西,西方east 东,东方[:] [au][e ][i : ]in north China = in the north of China 在中国的北方in south Anhui Province = in the south of Anhui Province 在某某省南部northwest 西北 a northwest wind 西北风northeast 东北southwest 西南southeast 东南10. be famous for 因…而著称[ei] []Huangshan is famous for its beautiful mountains .某某以其秀美的山峦而著称。

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A. The Grave-robbery is a social and cultural phenomenon since ancient times.
(盗墓,是渊源古远的社会文化现象。可以说,自从有了墓葬文化, 就有了盗墓行业的存在。)
B. Species: The official or
folk
竖穴墓:一般为长方形或方形土穴作墓,商朝时出现亚字
型与中字型竖穴墓(天子之制),还有形制低于“亚”,“中” 的甲字型墓,凸字型墓等。 横穴墓(砖室墓)
方形竖穴墓
•亚字形墓的墓室,是一个巨大的方形或亚字形的竖穴式土 坑,四面各有一个墓道。商王和各级贵族的墓,都用木材筑 成椁室。 • 中字形墓的墓室,是一个大型的长方形竖穴式土坑,南北 两面各有一个墓道。(如:武官村墓葬)
– 竖穴木椁墓(黄肠题凑)
Luxury at han – 在西汉前期,黄肠题凑和玉衣、梓宫、便房、外 藏椁同为帝王规格陵墓的组成部分(天子之制), 是汉代厚葬之风的产物,在汉代以后很少使用
– 砖室墓(以横穴式的洞穴作墓圹,用砖和石料筑墓室, 在形制上模仿现实生活中的房屋。这是中国古代墓制 的一次划时代的大变化)
•塔葬是中国藏族的葬仪风俗之一,是藏族中最为高贵、最高待遇与最高规格的一种葬式, 其又称灵塔葬。
A. Appeared in the Spring and Autumn
Period around.
(出现于春秋前后,东周以前的墓葬是没有封土的。)
B. For the Emperor.
(对于普通老百姓而言,这个土丘就叫做坟头。对于帝王,由于这个土 丘往往很大,而且很气派,为表示出帝王的身份,专称为封土。)
明器(冥器)
• 指的是专门为随葬而制作的器物,仿实物制作的, 不能实用。 • 一般用陶瓷木石制作,也有金属或纸制的。 • 俑(象征殉葬奴隶的模拟品)
1.祭祀建筑区:主要建筑物是祭殿 2.神道 3.护陵监:护陵监是专门保护和管理陵园的机构,防止被盗掘 和破坏。
事大者《 死象,荀 如其以子 生生生 ,,者礼 事以饰论 亡送死》 如其者: 存死也丧 。,,礼 .
和竹简、漆器、玉石器等。
凿山为墓 漆棺和镶玉漆棺 玉衣 随葬器物4200余件,包括陶器、铜器、铁器、
金银器、玉石器、漆器、纺织品、车马、俑、 钱币等。
长沙马王堆汉墓
一号墓主人,辛追,素有“东方睡美人”之称。
A. QinShiHuang Mausoleum
B. Qian Mausoleum
+ 悬Βιβλιοθήκη 葬,以将死者的棺木放置在人迹罕至的悬崖绝壁之上为特征
•Tower burial is one of the funeral burial customs of Chinese Tibetan. It is the most noble, the highest treatment with the highest standard of a funeral ceremony.
半地穴式房屋 Semi subterranean houses
墓葬特点 The burial characteristics
•裴李岗文化,大汶口文化和龙山文化也有墓葬出现
人面鱼纹盆
Public cemetery joint burials

埋葬未成年人用的瓮罐 Burial urn pot with minors
甬道
斜坡式的墓道,包括一段很长的隧道;隧道顶部开天井,两 壁设龛。
2. 大多数都是“依山为陵” 3.
玄宫分前、中、后3室
仿木结构砖室墓,此后墓室的平面又从方形或圆形 演变为等边多角形。
2.
一般多为单室墓,后期较大的墓则分前后两室。
3. Ear chamber
多设耳室。
Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty
+ Ten ways to anti theft古代墓葬防盗十术:
• • • • • • • • • • 01、弓弩箭术 。(bow and arrow) 02、流沙术。(quicksand) 03、连环翻板术。(chain flap) 04、铁索吊石术。( Cable hanging stone) 05、施毒术。( poison)(eg:秦始皇陵的水银毒气) 06、水火相攻术。(Water and fire attack) 07、迷宫术。 ( maze) 08、密葬术。 ( Secret burial) 09、坚固术。 (Solid burial) 10、诅咒术。 (curse at fate)
明代的帝陵
与汉唐以来的帝陵相比,明陵最大的特点是坟丘不成方形 而成圆形,周围砌砖墙,称为宝城,其位置不在陵域的中 部而居全陵的最后。宝城之前设明楼,楼上树石碑,上刻 皇帝的谥号,这也是明陵的新创。玄宫在宝城之下,其形 制亦系模仿宫殿。以已经发掘的明定陵为例,玄宫可分前 殿、中殿和后殿,中殿的左右两侧又各通一配殿。皇帝和 皇后的棺椁放置在后殿的棺床上。
(Eg:摸金校尉起源于东汉末年三国时期,当时魏军的领袖曹操为了弥补军饷的不足, 设立发丘中郎将,摸金校尉等军衔,专司盗墓取财,贴补军用)
C. Purpose: a) For money b) For revenge c) Superstition and witchcraft(迷信巫术) d) For entertainment
+ After Ming dynasty, no changes
– 朱元璋修改简化陵寝制度,从此中国的陵寝制度不再变迁
+ The Qing Dynasty basically followed the Ming
Dynasty, but the Sacrifice is complex than before.
+ 墓葬风水是一门科学,一个显著的特性就是强调
人与自然环境生气的和谐。墓地风水也是一门和 平相处的艺术,选择墓地时候可考虑
+ 阴宅风水是古代王公贵族在墓地选址时必不可少
的一部分,当然也为盗墓者“寻龙点穴”提供了 良好的教育示范作用。。。
《葬书》曰:“夫阴阳之气噫为风,升为云,斗为雷,降为雨,行平地中而为生气”
中国古代墓葬
Ancient Chinese tombs
+ 树葬分为古代树葬和
现代树葬。古代树葬 在中国东北和西南的 少数民族地区颇为常 见。
+ 崖墓葬,是在崖穴洞窟中安葬人
的遗体的一种葬俗,一般选择在江 河沿岸山腰或山足下的断崖上,依石 向内造出墓道和墓室。崖葬习俗早 在中国古代濮、 越、 巴、僚、汉等 民族特有的一种丧葬形式,也是我 国多种葬法中最古老、最特别的一 种丧葬形式。
1. To protect the body(保护尸体):各种防腐
用具,玉衣,玉塞
2. Necessities and luxuries(生活用品及奢侈
品):家具,衣物,货币,书画玩器,金银玉器等
3. A status symbol
章,仪仗,法器,壁画等
(身份地位的象征):礼器,印
4. Burial objects
中国古代人崇信人死之后,在阴间仍然过着类似阳间的生活,对待死者应该“事死 如事生”,因而陵墓的地上、地下建筑和随葬生活用品均应仿照世间。 是 文献记载,秦汉时代陵区内设殿堂收藏已故帝王的衣冠、用具,置宫人献食,犹如 生时状况。秦始皇陵地下寝宫内“上具天文,下具地理”,“以水银为百川江河大 海”,并用金银珍宝雕刻鸟兽树木,完全是人间世界的写照。
今京 石 约山 器 顶 时 洞 期 年人 前遗 址

18000
Paleolithic period
新石器时期 The Neolithic period
•半坡遗址 (仰韶文化) The banpo matriarchs ( Yangshao culture)
距今6000年左右
母系氏族 The matriarchal clan
乾陵
秦始皇陵
(唐高宗李治与武则天的合葬墓)
– 唐十八陵中唯一没有被盗的陵墓,也是唯一一座女皇陵。 – 依山为陵
Here I ask you a question, whether it is the tomb of + 黄帝为传说中人物,此陵墓为衣冠冢,是后人所建。 ancient China's first emperor mausoleum?
Chinese people first burial, the earliest funeral ceremony 中国人最早的墓葬,最早的丧葬仪式 距北 旧
– 清朝基本沿袭明朝,但祭祀活动比之前繁杂
“享堂”
甲骨 文 青铜 文化 祭祀 文化
• 一片甲骨惊天下
• 司母戊鼎 • 三联甗偶方彝
• 葬仪 • 殉葬
+ 多边形岩坑竖穴墓,深13米。椁室周围及顶填充6
万公斤木炭,之上有10-30公分青膏泥,其上为夯土, 再上铺石板,石板之上为封土。
+ 彩绘漆棺。 + 殉人13具。 + 随葬器物15000余件。包括青铜礼器、乐器、兵器
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