智能机器人外文翻译知识讲解
智能机器人外文翻译
RobotRobot is a type of mechantronics equipment which synthesizes the last research achievement of engine and precision engine, micro-electronics and computer, automation control and drive, sensor and message dispose and artificial intelligence and so on. With the development of economic and the demand for automation control, robot technology is developed quickly and all types of the robots products are come into being. The practicality use of robot products not only solves the problems which are difficult to operate for human being, but also advances the industrial automation program. At present, the research and development of robot involves several kinds of technology and the robot system configuration is so complex that the cost at large is high which to a certain extent limit the robot abroad use. To development economic practicality and high reliability robot system will be value to robot social application and economy development.With the rapid progress with the control economy and expanding of the modern cities, the let of sewage is increasing quickly: With the development of modern technology and the enhancement of consciousness about environment reserve, more and more people realized the importance and urgent of sewage disposal. Active bacteria method is an effective technique for sewage disposal，The lacunaris plastic is an effective basement for active bacteria adhesion for sewage disposal. The abundance requirement for lacunaris plastic makes it is a consequent for the plastic producing with automation and high productivity. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a manipulator that can automatically fulfill the plastic holding.With the analysis of the problems in the design of the plastic holding manipulator and synthesizing the robot research and development condition in recent years, a economic scheme is concluded on the basis of the analysis of mechanical configuration, transform system, drive device and control system and guided by the idea of the characteristic and complex of mechanical configuration, electronic, software and hardware. In this article, the mechanical configuration combines the character of direction coordinate and the arthrosis coordinate which can improve the stability and operation flexibility of the system. The main function of the transmission mechanism is to transmit power to implement department and complete the necessary movement. In this transmission structure, the screw transmission mechanism transmits the rotary motion into linear motion. Worm gear can give vary transmissionratio. Both of the transmission mechanisms have a characteristic of compact structure. The design of drive system often is limited by the environment condition and the factor of cost and technical lever. 'The step motor can receive digital signal directly and has the ability to response outer environment immediately and has no accumulation error, which often is used in driving system. In this driving system, open-loop control system is composed of stepping motor, which can satisfy the demand not only for control precision but also for the target of economic and practicality. on this basis, the analysis of stepping motor in power calculating and style selecting is also given.The analysis of kinematics and dynamics for object holding manipulator is given in completing the design of mechanical structure and drive system. Kinematics analysis is the basis of path programming and track control. The positive and reverse analysis of manipulator gives the relationship between manipulator space and drive sp ace in position and speed. The relationship between manipulator’s tip position and arthrosis angles is concluded by coordinate transform method. The geometry method is used in solving inverse kinematics problem and the result will provide theory evidence for control system. The f0unction of dynamics is to get the relationship between the movement and force and the target is to satisfy the demand of real time control. in this chamfer, Newton-Euripides method is used in analysis dynamic problem of the cleaning robot and the arthrosis force and torque are given which provide the foundation for step motor selecting and structure dynamic optimal ting.Control system is the key and core part of the object holding manipulator system design which will direct effect the reliability and practicality of the robot system in the division of configuration and control function and also will effect or limit the development cost and cycle. With the demand of the PCL-839 card, the PC computer which has a. tight structure and is easy to be extended is used as the principal computer cell and takes the function of system initialization, data operation and dispose, step motor drive and error diagnose and so on. A t the same time, the configuration structure features, task principles and the position function with high precision of the control card PCL-839 are analyzed. Hardware is the matter foundation of the control. System and the software is the spirit of the control system. The target of the software is to combine all the parts in optimizing style and to improve the efficiency and reliability of the control system. The software design of the object holding manipulator control system is divided into several blocks such assystem initialization block, data process block and error station detect and dispose model and so on. PCL-839 card can solve the communication between the main computer and the control cells and take the measure of reducing the influence of the outer signal to the control system.The start and stop frequency of the step motor is far lower than the maximum running frequency. In order to improve the efficiency of the step motor, the increase and decrease of the speed is must considered when the step motor running in high speed and start or stop with great acceleration. The increase and decrease of the motor’s speed can be controlled by the pulse frequency sent to the step motor drive with a rational method. This can be implemented either by hardware or by software. A step motor shift control method is proposed, which is simple to calculate, easy to realize and the theory means is straightforward. The motor' s acceleration can fit the torque-frequency curve properly with this method. And the amount of calculation load is less than the linear acceleration shift control method and the method which is based on the exponential rule to change speed. The method is tested by experiment.At last, the research content and the achievement are sum up and the problems and shortages in main the content are also listed. The development and application of robot in the future is expected.机器人机器人是典型的机电一体化装置，它综合运用了机械与精密机械、微电子与计算机、自动控制与驱动、传感器与信息处理以及人工智能等多学科的最新研究成果，随着经济的发展和各行各业对自动化程度要求的提高，机器人技术得到了迅速发展，出现了各种各样的机器人产品。
Robots机器人 中英文翻译
RobotsA robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, mani pulating machine with several reprogrammable axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.The key words are reprogrammable and multipurpose because most single-purpose machines do not meet these two requirements.The term”reprogrammabl e” implies two things:The robot operates according to a written program can b e rewritten to accomdate a variety of manufacturing tasks. The term “multipurp ose” means that the robot can perform many different functions, depending on the program and tooling currently in use.Over the past two decades,the robot has been introduced into industry to perform many monotonous and often unsafe operations. Because robots can per form certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are bei ng increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.Structures of RobotsThe typical structure of industrial robots consists of 4 major components: the manipulator, the end effector, the power supply and control syterm.The manipulator is a mechanical unite that provides motions similar to those of a human arm. It often has a shoulder joint,an elbow and a wrist. It can rotate or slide, strech out and withdraw in every possible direction with certain flexibility.The basic mechanical configurations of the robot manipulator are categorized as Cartesian, cylindrical, spherical and articulated.A robot with a Cartesian geometry can move its gripper to any position within the cube or rectangle defined as its working volum.Cylindrical coordinate robots can move the gripper within a volum that is described by a cylinder. The cylindrical coordinate robot is positioned in the work area by two linear movements in the X and Y directions and one angular rotation about the Z axis.Spherical arm geometry robots have an irregular work envelop. This type of robot has two main variants,vertically articulated and horizontally articulated.The end effector attaches itself to the end of the robot wrist, also called end-of-arm tooling.It is the device intended for performing the designed operations as a human hand can.End effectors are generally custom-made to meet special handling requirements. Mechanical grippers are the most commonly used and are equipped with two or more fingers.The selection of an appropriate end effector for a special application depends on such factors as the payload, enviyonment,reliability,and cost.The power supply is the actuator for moving the robot arm, controlling the joints and operating the end effector. The basic type of power sources include electrical,pneumatic, and hydraulic. Each source of energy and each type of motor has its own characteristics, advantages and limitations. An ac-powered motor or dc-powered motor may be used depending on the system design and applications. These motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy to power the robot.Most new robots use electrical power supply. Pneumatic actuators have been used for high speed. Nonservo robots and are often used for powering tooling such as grippers. Hydraulic actuators have been used for heavier lift systems, typically where accuracy was not also requied.The contro system is the communications and information-processing system that gives commands for the movements of the robot. It is the brain of the robot; it sends signals to the power source to move the robot arm to a specific position and to the end effector.It is also the nerves of the robot; it is reprogrammable to send out sequences of instructions for all movements and actions to be taken by the robot.A open-loop controller is the simplest for of the control system, which controls the robot only by foolowing the predetermined step-by-step instructions.This system dose not have a self-correcting capability.A close-loop control system use feedback sensors to produce signals that reflct the current states of the controed objects. By comparing those feedback signals with the values set by the programmer, the close-loop controller can conduct the robot to move to the precise position and assume the desired attitude, and the end effector can perform with very high accuracy as the close-loop control system can minimize the discrepancy between the controlled object and the predetermined references.Classification of RobotIndustrial robots vary widely in size,shape, number of axes,degrees of freedom, and design configuration. Each factor influence the dimensions of the robot’s working envelop or the volume of space within which it can move and perform its designated task. A broader classification of robots can been described as below.Fixed-and Variable-Sequence Robots. The fixed-sequence robot (also called a pick-and place robot) is programmed for a specific sequence of operations. Its movements are form point to point, and the cycle is repeated continuously.The variable-sequence robot can be programmed for a specific sequence of operations but can be programmed to perform another sequence of operation.Playback Robot. An operator leads or walks the playback robot and its end effector through the desired path. The robot memorizes and records the path and sequence of motions and can repeat them continually without any further action or guidance by the operator.Numerically Controlled Robot. The numerically controlled robot is programmed and operated much like a numerically controlled machine. The robot is servocontrolled by digital data, and its sequence of movements can be changed with relative ease.Intelligent Robot. The intelligent robot is capable of performing some of the functions and tasks carried out by huanbeings.It is equipped with a variety of sensors with visual and tactile capabilities.Robot ApplicationsThe robot is a very special type of productin tool; as a result, the applications in which robots are used are quite broad. These applications can be grouped into three categories: material processing, material handling and assembly.In material processing, robots use tools to process the raw material. For example, the robot tools could include a drill and the robot would be able to perfor drilling operaytions on raw material.Material handling consists of the loading, unloading, and transferring of workpieces in manufacturing facilities. These operations can be performed relatively and repeatedly with robots, thereby improving quality and scrap losses.Assembly is another large application area for using robotics. An automatic assembly system can incorporate automatic testing, robot automation and mechanical handling for reducing labor costs, increasing output and eliminating manual handling concers.机器人机器人是一种自动控制的、可重复编程的、多功能的、由几个可重复编程的坐标系来操纵机器的装置，它可以被固定在某地，还可以是移动的以在工业自动化工厂中使用。
人教版高中英语选修七Unit2Robots知识讲解话题语言应用——机器人及科幻文学作品
人教版高中英语选修七Unit2Robots知识讲解话题语言应用——机器人及科幻文学作品话题语言应用——机器人及科幻文学作品编稿：牛新阁审稿：王春霞语言积累交际用语表示推测与确信：I think / don’t think... 我认为/认为...不...I believe / don’t believe...我相信/不相信......I guess/ suppose... 我猜想...I wonder ... 我想知道/ 我奇怪......Maybe ... 也许......It must have ... 它一定已经......Is it possible that...? ......是可能的吗？It could be that ... 可能......Could it be that...？......可能吗?It is possible/impossible... ....是(不)可能的。
It is most likely/unlikely ... 最有/不可能......There is a belief that... 有人相信......Are you sure that...? 你确信......吗?I am sure/ positive that ... 我确信/肯定......话题语句（1）1．有关机器人（robot）的词句：A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usually performed by humans. Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer. 机器人是被设计来做经常由人来做的工作的机器。
机器人被计算机编上程序并加以控制。
rebuild a robot 重新组装/设置机器人Asimov’s Laws For Robots（阿西莫夫机器人定律）First Law: A robot must not injure human beings or allow them to be injured.Second Law: A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings (as long as human beings are not injured).Third Law: A robot must protect its own existence (as long as human beings are not injured; and as long as the robot does not disobey the human beings).阿西莫夫机器人三定律一、机器人不得伤害人类，或看到人类受到伤害而袖手旁观；二、在不违反第一定律的前提下，机器人必须绝对服从人类给与的任何命令；三、在不违反第一定律和第二定律的前提下, 机器人必须尽力保护自己。
机器人外文翻译备课讲稿
附录：The robot1.The role of robots”The role of robots Is a high-level integration of control theory, robotics, machinery and electronics, computers, materials and bionic product. In industry, medicine, agriculture, construction and even the military have important applications in such areas. Now, the international concept of robots has been gradually approaching the same. In general, people can accept the claim that the robot is controlled by its own power and ability to achieve the various functions of a machine. The United Nations Organization for Standardization adopted by the American Federation of Robotics to the robot under the definition: "a programmable and versatile, used to move materials, parts, tools, operating machines; or to perform different tasks have to change and Programmable action specialized systems.2.Evaluation criteriaCapacity of evaluation criteria Robot capability evaluation criteria include: intelligence, refers to feelings and perceptions, including memory, calculation, comparison, identification, judging, decision-making, learning and logical reasoning, etc.; function, refers to flexibility, versatility or space occupied, etc.; physics can be means the power, speed, continuous operation capability, reliability, combined with nature, life and so on. Therefore, it can be said robot is a biological function of three-dimensional coordinates of the machine.position of the robotThe composition of the robot Robots in general by the executing agency, drives, detection devices and control system, etc.. Implementing agency, the robot body, the buttocks generally use the space for open-chain linkages, the movement of which the Deputy (rotate or move the Deputy Vice-) often referred to as joints, and joints shall be the number of robots are usually a few degrees of freedom. According to joint configuration types and the differentforms of movement coordinates, the robot implementing agencies can be divided into rectangular type, cylindrical coordinate type, polar coordinate type and other types of joint coordinate type. For anthropomorphic considerations, often the relevant parts of the robot body are known as the base, waist, arm, wrist, hand (gripper or end effector) and the Ministry of walking (for mobile robot), etc. . Drive device is driven by movement of the body implementing agencies, in accordance with the directives issued by the signal control system, by means of dynamic components, the robot action is needed. It is the input signal, the output is the line, the amount of angular displacement. Drive robot is mainly used in electric drives, such as stepper motors, servo motors, etc. In addition, there is also hydraulic, pneumatic, etc. drives.Detecting device is the role of real-time detection robot's movement and work of the required feedback to the control system, compared with the configuration information, the right to adjust the implementing agencies to ensure the robot's movements to meet the intended requirements. As a sensor detecting device can be divided into two categories: one is internal information sensors for detecting the internal situation in various parts of robots, such as the joint position, velocity, acceleration, etc., and the measured information as a feedback the signal sent to the controller, to form a closed-loop control. The other is external information sensors, used to obtain information about the operation of robots and other objects and external environment of information, so that the robot moves to adapt to changing circumstances, so that to achieve a higher level of automation, even the machine person has a certain "feel" to the intelligent development, such as visual, sound and other external sensors sense given object of work, information about the working environment, the use of such information constitutes a major feedback loop, which will greatly enhance the work of therobot accuracy. Control system in two ways. One is the centralized control, that is, the robot's control by a microcomputer to complete. The other is decentralized (level)-type control, which uses multiple computers to share the control of robots, such as when using the upper and lower two computers together to complete the robot control, the host often used for system management, communication, kinematics and dynamics calculations, to send commands to the lower-level computer information; as a junior from the machine, the joints corresponding to a CPU, for interpolation and servo control processing operations to achieve a given movement, to the host feedback. According to the different operational mission requirements, the robot control mode can be divided into point to point control, continuous path control and force (torque) control.4.History of RobotsRobot History 1920 Czechoslovakia writer Karel Capek in his • sci-fi novel "Rossum's Universal Robots company", according to Robota (Czech, intended to "labor, slave labor") and Robotnik (Polish, the original intent as "workers"), to create a "robot" is the word. World Expo 1939 in New York on display at the Westinghouse Electric Company manufactured home robot Elektro. It is controlled by a cable, you can walk, say 77 words, or even smoke, but still far from the real chores. But it give people a vision of domestic robots to become more specific. Asimov sci-fi masters 1942, the United States put forward the "Three Laws of Robotics." Although this is only the creation of science fiction, but later became the principle of academic research and development by default. • In 1948 Norbert Weiner published in "control theory" to explain the machine in the communication and control function and the nervous, sensory function of the common law, first proposed as the core of computer-automated factory. 1954, American George • Dwyer created the world's first programmable robot and registered patents. This mechanical hand in accordance with different programs in different jobs, so has the versatility and flexibility. 1956 Dartmouth meeting • Marvin Minsky has made his views on intelligent machines: Smart Machine "to create an abstract model of the surrounding environment, if you encounter problems, from abstract model to find a solution" . This definition affects the subsequent 30 years of intelligent robot research direction. Dwyer and the United States in 1959, inventor Joseph • Ingeborg joined hands to create the first industrial robot. Subsequently, the establishment of the world's first a robotmanufacturing plant - Unimation company. As Ingeborg R & D for industrial robots and publicity, he was known as the "father of industrial robots." AMF Inc. in 1962, the United States produced "VERSTRAN" (meaning universal handling), and Unimation produced Unimate as a truly commercial industrial robots, and exported to countries around the world, setting off a worldwide study of robots and robot the globe. 1962 -1,963 years the application of sensors to improve the operability of the robot. People try all kinds of sensors installed on the robot, including the 1961 Ernst used in tactile sensors, Tomovic and Boni 1962, the world's first "smart hand" on the use of pressure sensors, while the McCarthy in 1963, has begun to add visual sensor in robot system, and in 1965, helped MIT launched the world's first with a vision sensor that can identify and locate building blocks of the robotic system. 1965 Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory • developed Beast robot. Beast has been through sonar systems, photoelectric tubes and other devices, the environmental correction own position. 60 mid-20th century, the U.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, University of Edinburgh, been set up in the robot lab. The United States with the rise of the second-generation sensors research, "there feel" of the robot, artificial intelligence and to work towards it. The world's first intelligent robot Shakey Stanford Research Institute in 1968, the United States announced that they successfully developed a robot Shakey. It is with a vision sensor, according to the instructions of people to discover and crawl the building blocks of a computer to control it, but there is a room so much. Shakey can be regarded as the world's first intelligent robot, beginning the prelude to the third generation of robot research and development. 1969, Ichiro Kato, Waseda University Laboratory developed the first robot to walk, walk. Ichiro Kato, the long-term commitment to research humanoid robot, known as "the father of humanoid robot." Japanese experts has been to develop humanoid robots and robot technology, known for entertainment, then go one step further hastened the development of Honda's ASIMO and Sony's QRIO. In 1973 the world's first robot and small computers to work together, they gave birth to the U.S. company Cincinnati Milacron robot T3. Unimation introduced in 1978, the U.S. general industrial robot PUMA, which marks the industrial robot technology has reached full maturity. PUMA is still work in the factory in the forefront. 1984 Ingeborg pushed robot Helpmate, the robot can deliver meals to patients in the hospital and get drugs, to send e-mail. In the same year, he predicted: "I want robots to clean the floor, cooking, washing out to help me tocheck security." In 1998 Denmark introduced Lego Robot (Mind-storms) package, so get with the building-block robot manufacturing the same, relatively simple and can arbitrarily assembled, the robot started to enter the private world. In 1999 Sony introduced Aibo robot dog (AIBO), immediately sold out, and from entertainment robots become the robot forward one of the ways ordinary family. In 2002 the U.S. introduced the iRobot robotic vacuum cleaner Roomba, it can avoid obstacles, automatic design of the road route, but also in the power is insufficient, automatically towards charging seat. Roomba is the world's largest-selling and most commercial household robots. an authorized agent iRobot Corporation Beijing: Beijing Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Micro-Mesh, Tomohiro http / / www micronet net cn. In June 2006, Microsoft launched the Microsoft Robotics Studio, robotics modular, unified platform, it became increasingly evident, Bill • Gates predicted that household robots will soon be sweeping the world5.Robot category articlesBeing born in science fiction, like, people are full of fantasy robot. Perhaps it is because the definition of fuzzy robots, which gave the people full of imagination and creative space. Domestic robots: to help people take care of life, to do simple household chores. Manipulator-type robot: Can automatic, repeatable programming, multi-functional, there are several degrees of freedom can be fixed or movement, for associated automation systems. Programmable Robot: According to the order and conditions of apre-requirement in turn control the robot's mechanical movements.Teaching-playback robot: Adoption of the guidance or other means, the first robot moves the church, enter the work process, the robot will automatically repeat operations. NC robots: do not have to move the robot through the values, language, etc. for teaching the robot, the robot according to the information after teaching job. Feel-controlled robot: the use of sensors to obtain information on control of robot action. Adaptive control robot: able to adapt to changes in the environment, control their own actions. Learning control for robots: can "understand" the work experience, with a certain degree of learning function, and the "learning" experience for the work. Intelligent Robots: The artificial intelligence robot to determine its actions. China's environment, starting from the application of robotics experts, robots are divided into two categories, namely industrial robots and special robot. The so-called industrial robots for industrial areas of multi-joint or multi-DOFrobot manipulators. In addition to the special robot is outside of industrial robots used for non-manufacturing and the service of mankind advanced robots, including: service robots, underwater robots, entertainment robots, military robots, agricultural robots, robot-based machinery. In the special robots, some branches have developed rapidly, there is a separate system for trends, such as service robots, underwater robots, military robots,micro-operation of robots. At present, the international robot scholars, starting from the application environment, the robot is also divided into two categories: manufacturing environment of industrial robots and the non-manufacturing environment, the service and humanoid robots, This classification is consistent with our The. Also known as unmanned aerial robot machines, in recent years, the family in the military robotics, unmanned aerial vehicles are the most active research activities, technological progress, the largest research and procurement of funds into the largest and most experienced in the field of combat. 80 years, the world is basically the development of unmanned aerial vehicles based on the main line of the United States to move forward, regardless of the technical level, the types and number of UAVs, the U.S. ranking first in the world.6.Robot varieties articles6.1 Unmanned aircraftdrones "Detachment" Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Throughout the history of UAV development can be said that modern warfare is to promote the UAV development. The impact of modern warfare UAV is also growing. The first and during World War II, despite the emergence and use of unmanned aerial vehicles, but because of low levels of technology, unmanned aerial vehicles does not play a significant role. The Korean War in the United States use of unmanned reconnaissance and attack aircraft, but in limited quantities. In the ensuing war in Vietnam, the Middle East war, UAVs have become an essential weapon systems. In the Gulf War, the war in Bosnia and Kosovo war, has become the main reconnaissance UAV types. French "Red Hawk" unmanned aerial vehicle U.S. Air Force suffered heavy losses during the Vietnam War, was shot down aircraft, 2500, killed more than 5,000 pilots, the U.S. domestic public outcry. To this end the Air Force increased use of the UAV. Such as "buffalo hunters" UAV mission over North Vietnam 2500 times, low altitude photographs, injury rate of only 4%. AQM-34Q-type 147 firebeeUAV Flight 500 several times, to conduct electronic eavesdropping, radio interference, dispersal of metal chaff and for some people to open up access, and so the aircraft. High-altitude unmanned reconnaissance aircraft In the 1982 war in the Bekaa Valley, Israeli forces discovered through aerial reconnaissance. Syria in the Bekaa Valley, a large concentration of troops. June 9, the Israeli army deployed US-made E-2C "Hawkeye" early warning surveillance aircraft to Syrian forces, and sent every day, "Scout" and "vicious dog" and unmanned aerial vehicles more than 70 sorties against Syrian forces in air defense positions Airport repeated reconnaissance, and to send images taken early warning aircraft and ground command. In this way, the Israeli army and accurately identify the location of the radar of the Syrian forces, and then launch the "wolf" type of anti-radar missiles, destroying the Syrian forces a lot of radar, missiles and automatic antiaircraft guns, and forced Syrian forces did not dare turn the radar, in order to in order to Army was the target to create the conditions for the aircraft. Phantom UAV The outbreak of the Gulf War in 1991, the U.S. military first face the problem of the Sand Sea is to be found in the vast hidden Iraqi Scud missile launchers. If someone reconnaissance aircraft, it must be round-trip flights over the desert, long exposure to the Iraqi army antiaircraft fire, under extremely dangerous. To this end, the U.S. military unmanned aerial surveillance has become the main force. Throughout the Gulf War, "Pioneer," the U.S. military to use unmanned aerial vehicles UAVs most kinds of U.S. forces deployed in the Gulf region a total of six Pioneer unmanned aerial vehicles with a total of 522 sorties flown, flight time of up to 1640 hours . At that time, regardless of day or night, every day there is always a Pioneer UAV flying over the Gulf. In order to destroy the Iraqi forces in the coastal fortifications built by strong, February 4 USS Missouri Chengye reaching offshore area, Pioneer UAV taking off from its deck, using infrared detectors were shot and send the images of ground targets to the command center. A few minutes later, warships and 406 mm guns began to bombard targets, unmanned aerial vehicles for the gun to school constantly firing. USS Wisconsin took over after the Missouri, so bombarded for three days straight, so that Iraqi artillery positions, radar network, command and communications center was completely destroyed. During the Gulf War, taking off only from the two battleships there is a pioneer in UAV 151 sorties, flying more than 530 hours to complete the target search, battlefield warning, maritime interdiction and naval gunfire support missions. Brevel UAV During the Gulf War, the Pioneerunmanned aerial vehicles have become pioneers of the U.S. Army troops. It is for the Army's 7th Army for aerial reconnaissance, shooting a large number of Iraqi tanks, command centers and missile launch position of the image, and send it to the helicopter unit, followed by the U.S. military sent the "Apache" attack helicopters of the targets attack, if necessary, can call for artillery fire support units. Pioneer aircraft survivability strong in the 319 sorties were flown, only one was hit, there are 4 ~ 5 due to electromagnetic interference and distress. In addition to the U.S., the United Kingdom, France, Canada also deployed unmanned aerial vehicles. Such as France's "fawn" division is equipped with a "Malte" UAV row. When the French troops fighting in Iraqin-depth, first sending the enemy reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicles, according to detected conditions, the French escaped the Iraqi army tanks and artillery positions. 1995 Bosnian war, because troops need, "Predator" unmanned aerial vehicles will soon be transported to the front. Serb forces in the NATO air strikes of the supply lines, ammunition depots, command center, the "Predator" has played an important role. It first carried out reconnaissance and found that target to guide the aircraft to attack someone, and then for the war effort. It also provided for the United Nations peacekeeping force in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the main road military vehicles movement, and to determine whether the parties complied with the peace agreement. U.S. military and thus the "Predator," called the "battle of the low-altitude satellites." In fact, satellites can only provide instant images on the battlefield, while the UAV could be a long time hovering over the battlefield to stay on the battlefield and thus able to provide continuous real-time image, unmanned aerial vehicles is also much cheaper than using satellites. March 24, 1999, the US-led NATO banner of "safeguarding human rights" under the guise of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia began bombing the outbreak of that shocked the world, "the Kosovo war." In the 78 days of bombing, NATO deployed a total of 32 million per aircraft, ships into more than 40 vessels, dropped bombs, 13 million tons, resulted in an unprecedented catastrophe in Europe since World War II. Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is mountainous and forest terrain, as well as more than rainy days more than the climatic conditions significantly affected the NATO reconnaissance satellites andhigh-altitude reconnaissance plane effect, the Sierra Leone Army also brings a fierce anti-aircraft fire, it was not low-flying reconnaissance planes, resulting in NATO Air Force does not recognize and attack the clouds below target. In order to reduce casualties, NATO's extensive use of unmannedaerial vehicles. The Kosovo war was the use of local wars in the world the largest number of unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles play a role in the greatest war. Although the UAV fly slowly at low altitudes, but it is small, radar and infrared characteristics of small, good for hiding, can not easily be hit, suitable for low-altitude reconnaissance, you can see the satellite and reconnaissance aircraft was See unclear objectives. During the Kosovo war, the United States, Germany, France and Britain dispatched a total of 6 different types of unmanned aerial vehicles, more than 200 planes, which are: U.S. Air Force's "Predator" (Predator), the Army's "Hunter" (Hunter) , and the Navy's "Pioneer" (Pioneer); German CL-289; France's "Red Falcon" (Crecerelles), "Hunter", and the United Kingdom's "Phoenix" (Phoenix) and other unmanned aerial vehicles. UAV in the Kosovo war, some of the major completed the following tasks: low-altitude reconnaissance and battlefield surveillance, electronic interference, victories assessment, targeting, weather data collection, distribution of leaflets, and rescue pilot, and so on. The Kosovo war has not only greatly increased the UAV's position in the war, but also aroused the attention of Governments on the UAV. U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee requested that the military should be prepared to 10 years, a sufficient number of unmanned systems tolow-altitude attack aircraft in one-third of UAVs; 15 years, one-third of ground combat vehicles unmanned systems should be in . This is not to use unmanned aircraft to replace the pilot and it was, but some people use them to add the capacity of the aircraft in order to high-risk tasks to minimize use of the pilot. UAV's development will accelerate the theory of modern warfare and unmanned warfare systems development.6.2 Special features robotspecial feature of the robot Machine Police The so-called military robots on the ground is used on the ground robot system, they are not only in times of peace can help police rule out bomb to complete the task should be to the security in wartime can be replaced by soldiers of mine, reconnaissance and attack a variety of tasks such as Today, the United States, Britain, Germany, France, Japan and other countries have developed various types of ground military robots. Britain's "trolley" robot In Western countries, terrorism has always been one to make the headache problem. The United Kingdom due to ethnic conflicts, suffering from the threat of explosives, so as early as 60 years on the successful development of EOD robot. British developedcrawler-style "trolleys" and "super cart" EOD robot, has more than 50 countries and police agencies has sold more than 800 units. Recently, Britain has in turn trolley robot to be optimized, prairie dogs and bison have developed two kinds of remote control electric EOD robot, the British Royal Engineers in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo are using them to detect and deal with explosives. Prairie dogs weigh 35 kilograms, the mast is equipped with two cameras. Bison weighed about 210 kilograms and can carry 100 kg of load. Both use radio control system, remote control distance of about 1 km. "Prairie Dog" and "Maverick" and EOD robot In addition to a bomb planted by terrorists outside the war-torn countries in many of the world, and everywhere a variety of scattered unexploded munitions. For example, in Kuwait after the Gulf War as an ammunition depot could explode at any time. In theIraq-Kuwait border over 10,000 square kilometer area, there are 16 countries manufacture of 25 million mines, 85 million rounds of ammunition, and the multinational forces dropped bombs and cluster bombs mines of 25 million bullets, of which at least 20% No explosion. And now, even in many countries there is residual in the First World War and World War II unexploded bombs and landmines. Therefore, explosive ordnance disposal robot is a great demand. Wheeled robot with the Removal of Explosive Devices and tracked, and they are generally small size, steering a flexible, easy to work in a small space, the operator can be a few hundred meters to several kilometers away through radio or optical control of their activities. Robot cars general color CCD camera is equipped with multiple pairs of explosives used for observation; more than one degree of freedom manipulator, with its gripper or clamp may be explosives, fuses or detonators screwed down, and to transport explosives walking; car was also equipped with shotguns, using a laser pointer aimed at, it can be to the timing device and detonating explosive devices to destroy; some robot is equipped with high-pressure water gun, you can cut explosives. Germany's EOD robot In France, the Air Force, Army and Police Department have purchased Cybernetics developed TRS200medium-sized companies EOD robot. DM's robots have been developedRM35 Paris Airport Authority selected. German peacekeepers in Bosnia and Herzegovina equipped Telerob team returned the company's MV4 series of robots. Developed by the Shenyang Institute of Automation of China's PXJ-2 robot has joined the ranks of security forces. U.S. Remotec's Andros series of robots were welcomed by national uniformed services, the White House and congressional buildings, police stations have to buy this robot. Before thepresidential election in South Africa, the police bought a four AndrosVIA robots, they are in the electoral process carried out in a total of 100 multiple tasks. Andros robot can be used for small-scale random explosive ordnance disposal, it is the U.S. Air Force aircraft and passenger cars for use only robots. After the Gulf War, the U.S. Navy has used such a robot in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait Air Force Base in clearing mines and unexploded ordnance. U.S. Air Force also sent five sets Andros robot to Kosovo, for the clean-up of explosives and sub-shells. Each active duty Air Force explosives disposal team and air rescue centers are equipped with a Andros VI. EOD robot developed in China EOD robot can not only rule out the bombs, reconnaissance sensors can also use it to monitor the activities of criminals. Surveillance personnel in the far right criminals day and night to observe, listen to their conversation, do not expose themselves very well could be right. In early 1993, in the United States occurred in Waco estate lesson plans, in order to get the activities of the Puritans who, the FBI used two kinds of robots. One is Remotec's AndrosVA type and Andros MarkVIA-type robot, the other is developed by RST company STV robots. STV is a six remote control cars, using radio and cable communications. On board can be raised to a 45-meter bracket, the above three-dimensional with color camera, day-optic sight, night vision sights, binaural audio detectors, chemical detectors, satellite positioning systems, target tracking using The forward-looking infrared sensors. The car takes only one operator, remote control distance of 10 kilometers. During the operation, sent out three sets STV, the operator remote control robot moving to a place 548 meters away from the manor to stop, the car bracket raised the use of video cameras and infrared detecto rs to the window spying, FBI officials were observed around the screen back to the image sensor, the activities of the house can be seen clearly.6.3 civil robotRobot commandThird, civil robot Robot command In fact, people do not want to the robot is not a complete definition, since the robot from the date of the birth of people will continue to try to explain what a robot in the end. But with the rapid development of robot technology and information era, the robot covers the contents of the increasingly rich and constantly enrich the definition of robot and innovation. 1886, French writer Lier Ya When his novel "Future Eve" will look like a person's machine named "Andeluoding" (android), It consists of。
机器人外文翻译(文献翻译-中英文翻译)
外文翻译外文资料：RobotsFirst, I explain the background robots, robot technology development. It should be said it is a common scientific and technological development of a comprehensive results, for the socio-economic development of a significant impact on a science and technology. It attributed the development of all countries in the Second World War to strengthen the economic input on strengthening the country's economic development. But they also demand the development of the productive forces the inevitable result of human development itself is the inevitable result then with the development of humanity, people constantly discuss the natural process, in understanding and reconstructing the natural process, people need to be able to liberate a slave. So this is the slave people to be able to replace the complex and engaged in heavy manual labor, People do not realize right up to the world's understanding and transformation of this technology as well as people in the development process of an objective need. Robots are three stages of development, in other words, we are accustomed to regarding robots are divided into three categories. is a first-generation robots, also known as teach-type robot, it is through a computer, to control over one of a mechanical degrees of freedom Through teaching and information stored procedures, working hours to read out information, and then issued a directive so the robot can repeat according to the people at that time said the results show this kind of movement again, For example, the car spot welding robots, only to put this spot welding process, after teaching, and it is always a repeat of a work It has the external environment is no perception that the force manipulation of the size of the work piece there does not exist, welding 0S It does not know, then this fact from the first generation robot, it will exist this shortcoming, it in the 20th century, the late 1970s, people started to study the second-generation robot, called Robot with the feeling that This feeling with the robot is similar in function of a certain feeling, forinstance, force and touch, slipping, visual, hearing and who is analogous to that with all kinds of feelings, say in a robot grasping objects, In fact, it can be the size of feeling out, it can through visual, to be able to feel and identify its shape, size, color Grasping an egg, it adopted a acumen, aware of its power and the size of the slide. Third-generation robots, we were a robotics ideal pursued by the most advanced stage, called intelligent robots, So long as tell it what to do, not how to tell it to do, it will be able to complete the campaign, thinking and perception of this man-machine communication function and function Well, this current development or relative is in a smart part of the concept and meaning But the real significance of the integrity of this intelligent robot did not actually exist, but as we continued the development of science and technology, the concept of intelligent increasingly rich, it grows ever wider connotations.Now, I would like to briefly outline some of the industrial robot situation. So far, the industrial robot is the most mature and widely used category of a robot, now the world's total sales of 1.1 million Taiwan, which is the 1999 statistics, however, 1.1 million in Taiwan have been using the equipment is 75 million, this volume is not small. Overall, the Japanese industrial robots in this one, is the first of the robots to become the Kingdom, the United States have developed rapidly. Newly installed in several areas of Taiwan, which already exceeds Japan, China has only just begun to enter the stage of industrialization, has developed a variety of industrial robot prototype and small batch has been used in production.Spot welding robot is the auto production line, improve production efficiency and raise the quality of welding car, reduce the labor intensity of a robot. It is characterized by two pairs of robots for spot welding of steel plate, bearing a great need for the welding tongs, general in dozens of kilograms or more, then its speed in meters per second a 5-2 meter of such high-speed movement. So it is generally five to six degrees of freedom, load 30 to 120 kilograms, the great space, probably expected that the work of a spherical space, a high velocity, the concept of freedom, that is to say, Movement is relatively independent of the number of components, the equivalent of our body, waist is a rotary degree of freedom We have to be able to hold his arm, Arm can be bent, then this three degrees of freedom, Meanwhile there is a wristposture adjustment to the use of the three autonomy, the general robot has six degrees of freedom. We will be able to space the three locations, three postures, the robot fully achieved, and of course we have less than six degrees of freedom. Have more than six degrees of freedom robot, in different occasions the need to configure.The second category of service robots, with the development of industrialization, especially in the past decade, Robot development in the areas of application are continuously expanding, and now a very important characteristic, as we all know, Robot has gradually shifted from manufacturing to non-manufacturing and service industries, we are talking about the car manufacturer belonging to the manufacturing industry, However, the services sector including cleaning, refueling, rescue, rescue, relief, etc. These belong to the non-manufacturing industries and service industries, so here is compared with the industrial robot, it is a very important difference. It is primarily a mobile platform, it can move to sports, there are some arms operate, also installed some as a force sensor and visual sensors, ultrasonic ranging sensors, etc. It’s surrounding environment for the conduct of identification, to determine its campaign to complete some work, this is service robot’s one of the basic characteristics.For example, domestic robot is mainly embodied in the example of some of the carpets and flooring it to the regular cleaning and vacuuming. The robot it is very meaningful, it has sensors, it can furniture and people can identify, It automatically according to a law put to the ground under the road all cleaned up. This is also the home of some robot performance.The medical robots, nearly five years of relatively rapid development of new application areas. If people in the course of an operation, doctors surgery, is a fatigue, and the other manually operated accuracy is limited. Some universities in Germany, which, facing the spine, lumbar disc disease, the identification, can automatically use the robot-aided positioning, operation and surgery Like the United States have been more than 1,000 cases of human eyeball robot surgery, the robot, also including remote-controlled approach, the right of such gastrointestinal surgery, we see on the television inside. a manipulator, about the thickness fingers such a manipulator, inserted through the abdominal viscera, people on the screen operating the machines hand, it also used the method of laser lesion laser treatment, this is the case, peoplewould not have a very big damage to the human body.In reality, this right as a human liberation is a very good robots, medical robots it is very complex, while it is fully automated to complete all the work, there are difficulties, and generally are people to participate. This is America, the development of such a surgery Lin Bai an example, through the screen, through a remote control operator to control another manipulator, through the realization of the right abdominal surgery A few years ago our country the exhibition, the United States has been successful in achieving the right to the heart valve surgery and bypass surgery. This robot has in the area, caused a great sensation, but also, AESOP's surgical robot, In fact, it through some equipment to some of the lesions inspections, through a manipulator can be achieved on some parts of the operation Also including remotely operated manipulator, and many doctors are able to participate in the robot under surgery Robot doctor to include doctors with pliers, tweezers or a knife to replace the nurses, while lighting automatically to the doctor's movements linked, the doctor hands off, lighting went off, This is very good, a doctor's assistant.Robot is mankind's right-hand man; friendly coexistence can be a reliable friend. In future, we will see and there will be a robot space inside, as a mutual aide and friend. Robots will create the jobs issue. We believe that there would not be a "robot appointment of workers being laid off" situation, because people with the development of society, In fact the people from the heavy physical and dangerous environment liberated, so that people have a better position to work, to create a better spiritual wealth and cultural wealth.译文资料：机器人首先我介绍一下机器人产生的背景，机器人技术的发展，它应该说是一个科学技术发展共同的一个综合性的结果，同时，为社会经济发展产生了一个重大影响的一门科学技术，它的发展归功于在第二次世界大战中各国加强了经济的投入，就加强了本国的经济的发展。
智能机器人2
智能机器人2智能机器人（Artificial Intelligence Robot）是指能够模拟人类智能水平，并能够执行各种任务的机器人。
智能机器人2是在智能机器人1的基础上进行了进一步的发展和升级，具备了更加强大的智能和功能。
本文将介绍智能机器人2的各项特点和应用领域。
一、智能机器人2的技术进步智能机器人2采用了最新的人工智能技术和机器学习算法，具备了更强大的自主学习和自适应能力。
机器人可以通过不断与环境的交互学习，提高自身的智能水平，并能够根据任务的要求作出相应的决策。
此外，智能机器人2还具备了更加先进的感知技术，能够更准确地识别和理解周围的环境。
二、智能机器人2的应用领域1. 工业制造：智能机器人2可以在工厂生产线上执行各种操作，如搬运、装配和焊接等。
由于具备了更高的智能水平和更强大的感知能力，机器人可以在复杂的工作环境中完成任务，提高生产效率并降低工人的劳动强度。
2. 医疗卫生：智能机器人2可以在医院扮演护士的角色，通过与患者交流，提供基本的医疗服务和照顾，如测量体温、输液和病情监测等。
此外，机器人还能够在手术过程中辅助医生完成手术操作，提高手术的精确性和安全性。
3. 教育领域：智能机器人2可以作为辅助教育工具，与学生进行互动交流，提供个性化的学习指导和答疑解惑。
通过机器学习算法，机器人能够根据学生的学习情况和需求，提供相应的教学资源和建议，提高学习效果。
4. 家庭服务：智能机器人2可以在家庭中扮演家政服务员的角色，执行各种日常家务任务，如扫地、洗衣、做饭等。
机器人能够根据家庭成员的需求和喜好，提供个性化的服务，并能够通过学习不断优化和改进自己的工作效率。
5. 农业领域：智能机器人2可以在农田中执行各种农业操作，如播种、除草和收割等。
机器人可以通过感知环境的能力，根据作物的生长情况和需求，进行精确的农业管理和作物保护，提高农业生产效益。
三、智能机器人2的发展前景随着人工智能技术的不断发展和应用，智能机器人的市场需求将持续增长。
人工智能：构建智能机器人的基础知识和技术
人工智能：构建智能机器人的基础知识和技术人工智能（Artificial Intelligence，简称AI）指的是一种模拟人类智能的技术和系统。
智能机器人是一种应用了人工智能技术的机械设备，拥有感知、认知、学习和决策能力，能够在特定环境中执行任务。
以下是构建智能机器人的基础知识和技术。
1.机器视觉（Computer Vision）：机器视觉是智能机器人感知环境的基础。
通过使用相机和传感器，智能机器人能够获得图像和视频数据，并利用图像处理和模式识别技术，识别和理解图像中的对象、人脸、文字等信息，从而获取环境信息。
2.语音识别（Speech Recognition）：语音识别是智能机器人理解人类语言的关键技术。
通过使用麦克风和语音处理算法，智能机器人能够将人类语音转换为文本，以便理解人类的指令和对话。
3.自然语言处理（Natural Language Processing，简称NLP）：自然语言处理是智能机器人理解和生成自然语言的技术。
它包括文本分析、语义理解、问答系统等方面，使得机器能够理解人类的语言，并用自然语言与人类进行交互。
4.机器学习（Machine Learning）：机器学习是智能机器人自主学习和改进的核心技术。
通过机器学习算法和大量的训练数据，智能机器人能够自动发现和学习环境中的模式和规律，并根据学习到的知识改进自己的行为和决策。
5.深度学习（Deep Learning）：深度学习是机器学习的一种重要分支，通过模拟人脑神经元网络的结构和工作原理，智能机器人能够进行更加复杂和深入的学习。
深度学习在图像和语音识别等领域取得了重要的突破，为智能机器人提供了更强大的认知能力。
6.运动控制（Motion Control）：运动控制是智能机器人执行任务的关键技术。
通过使用各种传感器（如激光雷达、陀螺仪等）和控制算法，智能机器人能够感知自己在环境中的位置和姿态，并控制自己的动作和移动。
7.决策和规划（Decision Making and Planning）：决策和规划是智能机器人在环境中制定行动计划和做出决策的过程。
智能机器人外文翻译
智能外文翻译智能外文翻译：1、简介智能是一种具备和机械结构的智能设备，可以执行复杂的任务并与人类进行互动。
本文将介绍智能的基本原理、分类以及应用领域。
2、历史发展智能的发展可以追溯到20世纪初，随着计算机技术和机械工程的进步，智能逐渐成为可能。
自动驾驶汽车、智能和工业生产中的等都是智能在不同领域的应用。
3、工作原理智能的工作原理涉及多个学科领域，包括计算机科学、机器学习和机械工程等。
智能通过感知环境、处理信息和执行任务来与周围环境进行交互。
4、分类智能可以根据其功能和应用领域进行分类。
常见的分类包括家庭助方式器人、医疗、工业和军事等。
4.1 家庭助方式器人家庭助方式器人是一种智能，可以帮助处理日常家务，比如打扫房间、做饭和提供娱乐等。
4.2 医疗医疗是一种用于医疗治疗和手术操作的智能设备，可以提高手术的准确性和患者的治疗效果。
4.3 工业工业是在工业生产环节中使用的智能，可以自动执行重复性任务、提高生产效率和质量。
4.4 军事军事是用于军事作战和侦查目的的智能设备，可以替代人类执行危险任务，如拆除炸弹和侦察敌情。
5、应用领域智能的应用领域广泛，涵盖了家庭、医疗、农业、工业和军事等多个领域。
智能的使用可以提高生活质量、提高工作效率和降低人力成本。
6、附件本文档附带的附件包括相关研究论文、案例分析和技术报告等。
7、法律名词及注释7.1 （Artificial Intelligence）：指由机器和计算机程序实现的模拟人类智能的能力。
7.2 机器学习（Machine Learning）：是的一个分支，通过机器学习算法使机器能够根据以往的经验和数据进行学习和自我改进。
7.3 感知（Perception）：智能通过感知技术获取环境信息，例如视觉、听觉和触觉等。
7.4 任务执行（Task Execution）：智能根据输入信息执行特定的任务，例如物体抓取、路径规划和语音识别。
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RobotRobot is a type of mechantronics equipment which synthesizes the last research achievement of engine and precision engine, micro-electronics and computer, automation control and drive, sensor and message dispose and artificial intelligence and so on. With the development of economic and the demand for automation control, robot technology is developed quickly and all types of the robots products are come into being. The practicality use of robot products not only solves the problems which are difficult to operate for human being, but also advances the industrial automation program. At present, the research and development of robot involves several kinds of technology and the robot system configuration is so complex that the cost at large is high which to a certain extent limit the robot abroad use. To development economic practicality and high reliability robot system will be value to robot social application and economy development.With the rapid progress with the control economy and expanding of the modern cities, the let of sewage is increasing quickly: With the development of modern technology and the enhancement of consciousness about environment reserve, more and more people realized the importance and urgent of sewage disposal. Active bacteria method is an effective technique for sewage disposal，The lacunaris plastic is an effective basement for active bacteria adhesion for sewage disposal. The abundance requirement for lacunaris plastic makes it is a consequent for the plastic producing with automation and high productivity. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a manipulator that can automatically fulfill the plastic holding.With the analysis of the problems in the design of the plastic holding manipulator and synthesizing the robot research and development condition in recent years, a economic scheme is concluded on the basis of the analysis of mechanical configuration, transform system, drive device and control system and guided by the idea of the characteristic and complex of mechanical configuration, electronic, software and hardware. In this article, the mechanical configuration combines the character of direction coordinate and the arthrosis coordinate which can improve the stability and operation flexibility of the system. The main function of the transmission mechanism is to transmit power to implement department and complete the necessary movement. In this transmission structure, the screw transmission mechanism transmits the rotary motion into linear motion. Worm gear can give vary transmissionratio. Both of the transmission mechanisms have a characteristic of compact structure. The design of drive system often is limited by the environment condition and the factor of cost and technical lever. 'The step motor can receive digital signal directly and has the ability to response outer environment immediately and has no accumulation error, which often is used in driving system. In this driving system, open-loop control system is composed of stepping motor, which can satisfy the demand not only for control precision but also for the target of economic and practicality. on this basis, the analysis of stepping motor in power calculating and style selecting is also given.The analysis of kinematics and dynamics for object holding manipulator is given in completing the design of mechanical structure and drive system. Kinematics analysis is the basis of path programming and track control. The positive and reverse analysis of manipulator gives the relationship between manipulator space and drive sp ace in position and speed. The relationship between manipulator’s tip position and arthrosis angles is concluded by coordinate transform method. The geometry method is used in solving inverse kinematics problem and the result will provide theory evidence for control system. The f0unction of dynamics is to get the relationship between the movement and force and the target is to satisfy the demand of real time control. in this chamfer, Newton-Euripides method is used in analysis dynamic problem of the cleaning robot and the arthrosis force and torque are given which provide the foundation for step motor selecting and structure dynamic optimal ting.Control system is the key and core part of the object holding manipulator system design which will direct effect the reliability and practicality of the robot system in the division of configuration and control function and also will effect or limit the development cost and cycle. With the demand of the PCL-839 card, the PC computer which has a. tight structure and is easy to be extended is used as the principal computer cell and takes the function of system initialization, data operation and dispose, step motor drive and error diagnose and so on. A t the same time, the configuration structure features, task principles and the position function with high precision of the control card PCL-839 are analyzed. Hardware is the matter foundation of the control. System and the software is the spirit of the control system. The target of the software is to combine all the parts in optimizing style and to improve the efficiency and reliability of the control system. The software design of the object holding manipulator control system is divided into several blocks such assystem initialization block, data process block and error station detect and dispose model and so on. PCL-839 card can solve the communication between the main computer and the control cells and take the measure of reducing the influence of the outer signal to the control system.The start and stop frequency of the step motor is far lower than the maximum running frequency. In order to improve the efficiency of the step motor, the increase and decrease of the speed is must considered when the step motor running in high speed and start or stop with great acceleration. The increase and decrease of the motor’s speed can be controlled by the pulse frequency sent to the step motor drive with a rational method. This can be implemented either by hardware or by software. A step motor shift control method is proposed, which is simple to calculate, easy to realize and the theory means is straightforward. The motor' s acceleration can fit the torque-frequency curve properly with this method. And the amount of calculation load is less than the linear acceleration shift control method and the method which is based on the exponential rule to change speed. The method is tested by experiment.At last, the research content and the achievement are sum up and the problems and shortages in main the content are also listed. The development and application of robot in the future is expected.机器人机器人是典型的机电一体化装置，它综合运用了机械与精密机械、微电子与计算机、自动控制与驱动、传感器与信息处理以及人工智能等多学科的最新研究成果，随着经济的发展和各行各业对自动化程度要求的提高，机器人技术得到了迅速发展，出现了各种各样的机器人产品。