量子力学索引英汉对照

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量子力学英语

量子力学英语
随着量子力学的发展和应用，许多新的概念和术语相继出现。

掌握量子力学英语不仅有利于学习和研究，还可以更好地沟通和交流。

以下是一些常用的量子力学英语词汇：
1. Quantum mechanics 量子力学
2. Wave function 波函数
3. Schrdinger equation 薛定谔方程
4. Uncertainty principle 不确定性原理
5. Superposition principle 叠加原理
6. Entanglement 纠缠
7. Quantum state 量子态
8. Eigenvalue 特征值
9. Eigenfunction 特征函数
10. Hamiltonian 哈密顿量
11. Operator 算符
12. Commutation relation 对易关系
13. Quantum tunneling 量子隧穿
14. Quantum entanglement 量子纠缠
15. Quantum superposition 量子叠加
以上是一些常用的量子力学英语词汇，学习量子力学英语需要不断积累和运用。

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量子力学Index

Indexactivation183,190,193algebra of observables34 algorithm29,30,96–Deutsch8–entanglement-driven128–Gauss106,115–Grover30,122–Shor29,124–Simon113–state preparation10,108–superposition-driven129ancilla9,101,147ancilla form43antiunitary41basic coding principle148basis154,163,180–local177–orthonormal156,157–product156,162,164,175,176––unextendible(UPB)163,180 Bell correlation21Bell states61Bell’s inequality4,65,151,155–CHSH4,167–experiments5Bell’s Telephone17,19Bell-state analysis79best separable approximation(BSA) 163binary symmetric channel142,146 bit152,170–classical35,170–quantum170Boolean functions8,103 bottleneck inequality49 broadcasting entanglement160capacity–classical47,49,50–of quantum channel194,195 cb norm47channel39,170–172,174–capacity47,194–classical183,184–depolarizing47,171,174–ideal48–memoryless171,172–noisy170,191–quantum146,171,194––depolarizing171––one-qubit171–separable42,49classical–bit35,170–capacity47,49,50–correlation39–ﬁdelity183–systems34–teleportation16cloning17coding170–dense3–superdense29–theorem34,51coherent information52,195 communication175–classical152,156,170,171,188, 192–of quantum states152–potential172–quantum59,62,152,170–via noisy channel170 complementarity19completely positive40,42 complexityG.Alber,T.Beth,M.Horodecki,P.Horodecki,R.Horodecki,M.R¨o tteler,H.Weinfurter, R.Werner,A.Zeilinger:Quantum Information,STMP173,211–216(2001)c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg2001–classes9,112–measure99composition36–of channels40computation path111continued fractions127controlled NOT(CNOT)98 Cooley–Tukey decomposition116 correlation–classical39–resolver24counterfactual4–conditionals19criterion–Peres157–PPT156,161,165,168–reduction165,177,181–separability155,163,165,180––structural193cryptography–quantum27,63,83,153––BB84protocol7––entanglement-assisted7–Vernam cipher7cyclic shift102decoding170decoherence31,152 decomposition–of separable state161,167–Schmidt154,168delayed-choice measurements45 dense coding53,66,85density–matrix35–operator35depolarizing47,171,174design theory57digitization31Diophantine approximation127 discrete cosine transform(DCT) 137disentangling machine161 distillation152,170,171,173,177–protocol172,173,192––recurrence188–rate183eavesdropper27ebit28eﬀect35eigenvalues165–negative177eigenvectors161,165,177 Einstein,Podolsky,Rosen(EPR)–element of physical reality3–locality3embedded transforms104energy185entangled39–coding0–photon pairs74–states108,120,128,151 entanglement8,23,58,60,113,151–bound178,181,183–broadcasting160–distillable178,191–195–distillation164,170,190–free152,179–measure161,191–194–nondistillable152–of formation190,191,194–quantifying153,156,195–splitting161–swapping71,91–three-qubit5–two-qubit178,193–witness159,160,165,193 entropy156–relative52,191,192,194–Ren´y i156–von Neumann174equal distribution115,120,123 error correction–counterfactual170–quantum31,140,171error-correcting code–classical141–CSS149–dual142–quantum140,147–Reed–M¨u ller143ﬁdelity51,170,171,183–189,192–classical183ﬁltering175–177,181,186–operation175–operator175ﬁniteﬁeld103,141Fourier transform102,115,130–abelian116–and sampling119–quantum117,125,129,135fully entangled fraction154,167, 173Galois correspondence119gate–graphical notation98–quantum173–quantum XOR98,173,188–Toﬀoli102,104,105,135–two-qubit161,173–universal set of99Gauss’s algorithm106,115 Gaussian channel31generalized observable42GHZ state5graph–isomorphism problem136–of a function105group–abelian117–cyclic107,115,118,130,133–dihedral101,133,136–elementary abelian147–general linear106–quaternion133–solvable130–symmetric100–wreath product133,136 Grover’s algorithm30,122 Hadamard–matrices7–transform9,109,125,143,147 halting problem29Hamming weight141Heisenberg picture39hidden-subgroup problem127,135 hidden-variable theory3,24 Holevo’s coding theorem52 Horner’s rule104hybrid37impossible machines17,40 individual-state interpretation23 inequalities–Bell4,20,65,151,155–bottleneck49–CHSH–Bell4,167–entropic155,165,167,181 information152,170–172–classical170–coherent52,195–mutual195–quantum11,14,59,170,183 Instrument42interference8,120irreversibility179,180,194–formation–distillation180–in entanglement processing179–preparation–measurement180 isomorphism159Kraus form43Latin square57local–realistic theory(LRT)2–unitary transformations98 locality3loopholes–detection5–locality5many-worlds interpretation14,30 map–completely positive157–linear158–LOCC178–positive157––decomposable158,167––nondecomposable158,167–trace-preserving158matrix156,157,175–circulant122,123–decomposing a representation 130–encoding an error-correcting code 141–of twiddle factors117,132–permutation100,102,106–reduced density165maximal probability of error50 measurement4,10,175,176–generalized175mixed-state analyzer23mixture40modular exponentiation107monotonicity–condition192–weak191,192no-cloning theorem6,27,31,184 nonlocality151,155,195–without entanglement180 nonseparability,principle of151 norm175–trace13norm of complete boundedness47 normal subgroup121,131 nuclear magnetic resonance168–quantum computing1,169 Observable41observable179–Bell–CHSH4,155–dichotomic3,165,179oﬀ-diagonalﬁdelity51one-shot–classical capacity50–operation25operations158–ﬁltering175–local152,156–LOCC172,178,190––entanglement-enhanced190––trace-preserving184,185 operator157–ﬁltering175–positive153,156optimal cloning26oracle8parametric down-conversion74 permutations106,116 perturbation45physical carrier of information15 ping-pong ball test20positive35POVM42projector153–local183–two-dimensional178protocol173,176,187–189–BBPSSW173,175–177–for distillation172,173,192–hashing174pure35puriﬁcation26,38,46PVM42quantum–capacity49–channel146,171,194––depolarizing47,171,174–communication59,62,152,170–computing8,96,153,168,169–copier18–correlations152–cryptography27,63,83,153––BB84protocol7––entanglement-assisted7–data152–dense coding53,66,85–entropies16–error correction31,140,171–error-correcting code147–information11,15,59,170,183–networks98–operations173–parallelism9,30–predictions151–state25,34,151,152,160,170–system1qubit35,49,98,155qutrit188Radon–Nikodym theorem45 range161,163,164rank156,181–local181–of BE states180realism3–counterfactual4reduced density matrix165 redundancy31relative entropy52,191,192,194 repeatability43representation–induced135–irreducible118,120,121,130–regular118,130restriction37,41ring normal form103Schmidt decomposition38Schr¨o dinger–cat state108–picture39Schur’s lemma120separable39,47–channel42,49Shor’s algorithm29,124Simon’s algorithm113singlet fraction154space–Hilbert153–Hilbert–Schmidt157–real Euclidean159spectrum168spin187–correlations4,151state35–bipartite172,183,184,191–bound entangled(BE)178,181, 183–classically correlated153–distillable175,177,178,181,182, 185–entangled108,120,128,151––maximally154––nondistillable179–free entangled(FE)152,179–isotropic166,173,177,191,192––two-qubit177–mixed11––maximally168,171–NPT156,176,181–NPT bound entangled181,182–PPT156,178–PPT entangled163,168–Werner166,181,182state estimation25statistical mechanics32statistical test16Stinespring theorem44 subadditivity191,192subspace163,164,178–antisymmetric165–complementary180–symmetric165,166subsystem151,152,155,165,169 superdense coding29 superoperator191superposition109,111,113,125, 129symmetry41syndrome142system–bipartite153,179–classical34–compound151–multipartite153,168,179,183–three-level188–three-qubit5–two-qubit161teleportation27,54,183–classical16–conclusive185–188–experiment89–quantum27,68,89,170tensor product36theorem–coding34,51–Hahn–Banach159–Holevo2–no-cloning6,27,31,184–Radon–Nikodym45–Shannon195–Stinespring44 thermodynamics of entanglement 194time172time-reversal symmetry41Toﬀoli gate102,104,105,135 transpose53Turing machine–conﬁguration110–deterministic110–probabilistic110–quantum111–reversible8twirling166,173,181,192two-bit gate98,99two-step coding inequality49 unitary operations–approximations of99–embeddings into104units of information49universal joint measuring device19 universal not26vector–maximally entangled154–product161,163,164–unit155 Vernam cipher7 von Neumann–entropy51–measurement42 Wedderburn decomposition130 word problem29。

量子力学英语

量子力学英语
量子力学是一种描述微观世界的理论，在实验中已被证明具有极高的准确性。

虽然量子力学的概念和数学语言非常抽象，但它已成为许多现代科技和工程领域的基础。

因此，对于学习和研究量子力学的人来说，掌握一些相关的英语词汇和表达方式是非常重要的。

以下是一些量子力学英语词汇和表达方式的例子：
1. Quantum mechanics - 量子力学
2. Wave function - 波函数
3. Superposition principle - 叠加原理
4. Uncertainty principle - 不确定性原理
5. Entanglement - 纠缠态
6. Quantum state - 量子态
7. Measurement - 测量
8. Eigenstate - 本征态
9. Operator - 算符
10. Hamiltonian - 哈密顿量
11. Schrdinger equation - 薛定谔方程
12. Commutation - 对易关系
13. Hermitian operator - 厄米算符
14. Unitary operator - 酉算符
15. Quantum field theory - 量子场论
通过学习这些量子力学英语词汇和表达方式，可以更好地理解和
交流量子力学相关的概念和研究成果。

凝聚态物理材料物理专业考博量子物理领域英文高频词汇

凝聚态物理材料物理专业考博量子物理领域英文高频词汇1. Quantum Mechanics - 量子力学2. Wavefunction - 波函数3. Hamiltonian - 哈密顿量4. Schrödinger Equation - 薛定谔方程5. Quantum Field Theory - 量子场论6. Quantum Entanglement - 量子纠缠7. Uncertainty Principle - 不确定性原理8. Quantum Tunneling - 量子隧穿9. Quantum Superposition - 量子叠加10. Quantum Decoherence - 量子退相干11. Spin - 自旋12. Quantum Computing - 量子计算13. Quantum Teleportation - 量子纠缠传输14. Quantum Interference - 量子干涉15. Quantum Information - 量子信息16. Quantum Optics - 量子光学17. Quantum Dots - 量子点18. Quantum Hall Effect - 量子霍尔效应19. Bose-Einstein Condensate - 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态20. Fermi-Dirac Statistics - 费米-狄拉克统计中文翻译：1. Quantum Mechanics - 量子力学2. Wavefunction - 波函数3. Hamiltonian - 哈密顿量4. Schrödinger Equation - 薛定谔方程5. Quantum Field Theory - 量子场论6. Quantum Entanglement - 量子纠缠7. Uncertainty Principle - 不确定性原理8. Quantum Tunneling - 量子隧穿9. Quantum Superposition - 量子叠加10. Quantum Decoherence - 量子退相干11. Spin - 自旋12. Quantum Computing - 量子计算13. Quantum Teleportation - 量子纠缠传输14. Quantum Interference - 量子干涉15. Quantum Information - 量子信息16. Quantum Optics - 量子光学17. Quantum Dots - 量子点18. Quantum Hall Effect - 量子霍尔效应19. Bose-Einstein Condensate - 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态20. Fermi-Dirac Statistics - 费米-狄拉克统计。

量子力学英文名词

物理学名词中英文对照
斯特藩-玻耳 Stefan-Boltzmann law 兹曼定律斯特藩常量 Stefan constant 维恩位移定律 Wien displacement law 瑞利-金斯公式 Rayleigh-Jens formula 普朗克辐射公式 Planck radiation formula 普朗克常量 Planck constant
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物理学
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物理学
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能带基态激发态弗兰克赫兹实验德布罗意波德布罗意波长
energy band ground state excitation state Franck-Hertz experiment De Broglie wave De Broglie wavelength
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普丰得系玻尔量子化条件玻尔氢原子玻尔频率条件玻尔半径能级
Pfund series Bohr quantization condition Bohr hydrogen atom Bohr frequency condition Bohr radius energy level
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康普顿效应康普顿散射康普顿波长反冲电子莱曼系帕邢系布拉开系
Compton effect Compton scattering Compton wavelength recoil electron Lyman series Paschen series Brackett series

量子力学英文读物

量子力学英文读物以下是一些关于量子力学的英文读物推荐：1. "Quantum: Einstein, Bohr, and the Great Debate about the Nature of Reality" by Manjit Kumar2. "The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory" by Brian Greene3. "The Quantum World: Quantum Physics for Everyone" by Kenneth W. Ford4. "Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and Applications" by Nouredine Zettili5. "Quantum Physics: A Beginner's Guide" by Alastair Rae6. "Quantum Computing for Computer Scientists" by Noson S. Yanofsky and Mirco A. Mannucci7. "Quantum Physics for Babies" by Chris Ferrie (a simplified introduction for children and adults)8. "The Strange World of Quantum Mechanics" by Daniel F. Styer这些书籍从不同的角度介绍了量子力学的基本原理、应用、历史以及相关的思想争论。

根据你的兴趣和程度，选择适合你的读物开始探索量子世界吧！。

量子力学索引英汉对照

21-centimeter line, 21厘米线AAbsorption, 吸收Addition of angular momenta, 角动量叠加Adiabatic approximation, 绝热近似Adiabatic process, 绝热过程Adjoint, 自伴的Agnostic position, 不可知论立场Aharonov-Bohm effect, 阿哈罗诺夫-玻姆效应Airy equation, 艾里方程；Airy function, 艾里函数Allowed energy, 允许能量Allowed transition, 允许跃迁Alpha decay, 衰变；Alpha particle, 粒子Angular equation, 角向方程Angular momentum, 角动量Anomalous magnetic moment, 反常磁矩Antibonding, 反键Anti-hermitian operator, 反厄米算符Associated Laguerre polynomial, 连带拉盖尔多项式Associated Legendre function, 连带勒让德多项式Atoms, 原子Average value, 平均值Azimuthal angle, 方位角Azimuthal quantum number, 角量子数BBalmer series, 巴尔末线系Band structure, 能带结构Baryon, 重子Berry's phase, 贝利相位Bessel functions, 贝塞尔函数Binding energy, 束缚能Binomial coefficient, 二项式系数Biot-Savart law, 毕奥-沙法尔定律Blackbody spectrum, 黑体谱Bloch's theorem, 布洛赫定理Bohr energies, 玻尔能量；Bohr magneton, 玻尔磁子；Bohr radius, 玻尔半径Boltzmann constant, 玻尔兹曼常数Bond, 化学键Born approximation, 玻恩近似Born's statistical interpretation, 玻恩统计诠释Bose condensation, 玻色凝聚Bose-Einstein distribution, 玻色-爱因斯坦分布Boson, 玻色子Bound state, 束缚态Boundary conditions, 边界条件Bra, 左矢Bulk modulus, 体积模量CCanonical commutation relations, 正则对易关系Canonical momentum, 正则动量Cauchy's integral formula, 柯西积分公式Centrifugal term, 离心项Chandrasekhar limit, 钱德拉赛卡极限Chemical potential, 化学势Classical electron radius, 经典电子半径Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, 克-高系数Coherent States, 相干态Collapse of wave function, 波函数塌缩Commutator, 对易子Compatible observables, 对易的可观测量Complete inner product space, 完备内积空间Completeness, 完备性Conductor, 导体Configuration, 位形Connection formulas, 连接公式Conservation, 守恒Conservative systems, 保守系Continuity equation, 连续性方程Continuous spectrum, 连续谱Continuous variables, 连续变量Contour integral, 围道积分Copenhagen interpretation, 哥本哈根诠释Coulomb barrier, 库仑势垒Coulomb potential, 库仑势Covalent bond, 共价键Critical temperature, 临界温度Cross-section, 截面Crystal, 晶体Cubic symmetry, 立方对称性Cyclotron motion, 螺旋运动DDarwin term, 达尔文项de Broglie formula, 德布罗意公式de Broglie wavelength, 德布罗意波长Decay mode, 衰变模式Degeneracy, 简并度Degeneracy pressure, 简并压Degenerate perturbation theory, 简并微扰论Degenerate states, 简并态Degrees of freedom, 自由度Delta-function barrier, 势垒Delta-function well, 势阱Derivative operator, 求导算符Determinant, 行列式Determinate state, 确定的态Deuterium, 氘Deuteron, 氘核Diagonal matrix, 对角矩阵Diagonalizable matrix, 对角化Differential cross-section, 微分截面Dipole moment, 偶极矩Dirac delta function, 狄拉克函数Dirac equation, 狄拉克方程Dirac notation, 狄拉克记号Dirac orthonormality, 狄拉克正交归一性Direct integral, 直接积分Discrete spectrum, 分立谱Discrete variable, 离散变量Dispersion relation, 色散关系Displacement operator, 位移算符Distinguishable particles, 可分辨粒子Distribution, 分布Doping, 掺杂Double well, 双势阱Dual space, 对偶空间Dynamic phase, 动力学相位EEffective nuclear charge, 有效核电荷Effective potential, 有效势Ehrenfest's theorem, 厄伦费斯特定理Eigenfunction, 本征函数Eigenvalue, 本征值Eigenvector, 本征矢Einstein's A and B coefficients, 爱因斯坦A,B系数；Einstein's mass-energy formula, 爱因斯坦质能公式Electric dipole, 电偶极Electric dipole moment, 电偶极矩Electric dipole radiation, 电偶极辐射Electric dipole transition, 电偶极跃迁Electric quadrupole transition, 电四极跃迁Electric field, 电场Electromagnetic wave, 电磁波Electron, 电子Emission, 发射Energy, 能量Energy-time uncertainty principle, 能量-时间不确定性关系Ensemble, 系综Equilibrium, 平衡Equipartition theorem, 配分函数Euler's formula, 欧拉公式Even function, 偶函数Exchange force, 交换力Exchange integral, 交换积分Exchange operator, 交换算符Excited state, 激发态Exclusion principle, 不相容原理Expectation value, 期待值FFermi-Dirac distribution, 费米-狄拉克分布Fermi energy, 费米能Fermi surface, 费米面Fermi temperature, 费米温度Fermi's golden rule, 费米黄金规则Fermion, 费米子Feynman diagram, 费曼图Feynman-Hellman theorem, 费曼-海尔曼定理Fine structure, 精细结构Fine structure constant, 精细结构常数Finite square well, 有限深方势阱First-order correction, 一级修正Flux quantization, 磁通量子化Forbidden transition, 禁戒跃迁Foucault pendulum, 傅科摆Fourier series, 傅里叶级数Fourier transform, 傅里叶变换Free electron, 自由电子Free electron density, 自由电子密度Free electron gas, 自由电子气Free particle, 自由粒子Function space, 函数空间Fusion, 聚变Gg-factor, g-因子Gamma function, 函数Gap, 能隙Gauge invariance, 规范不变性Gauge transformation, 规范变换Gaussian wave packet, 高斯波包Generalized function, 广义函数Generating function, 生成函数Generator, 生成元Geometric phase, 几何相位Geometric series, 几何级数Golden rule, 黄金规则"Good" quantum number, "好"量子数"Good" states, "好"的态Gradient, 梯度Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization, 格莱姆-施密特正交化法Graphical solution, 图解法Green's function, 格林函数Ground state, 基态Group theory, 群论Group velocity, 群速Gyromagnetic railo, 回转磁比值HHalf-integer angular momentum, 半整数角动量Half-life, 半衰期Hamiltonian, 哈密顿量Hankel functions, 汉克尔函数Hannay's angle, 哈内角Hard-sphere scattering, 硬球散射Harmonic oscillator, 谐振子Heisenberg picture, 海森堡绘景Heisenberg uncertainty principle, 海森堡不确定性关系Helium, 氦Helmholtz equation, 亥姆霍兹方程Hermite polynomials, 厄米多项式Hermitian conjugate, 厄米共轭Hermitian matrix, 厄米矩阵Hidden variables, 隐变量Hilbert space, 希尔伯特空间Hole, 空穴Hooke's law, 胡克定律Hund's rules, 洪特规则Hydrogen atom, 氢原子Hydrogen ion, 氢离子Hydrogen molecule, 氢分子Hydrogen molecule ion, 氢分子离子Hydrogenic atom, 类氢原子Hyperfine splitting, 超精细分裂IIdea gas, 理想气体Idempotent operaror, 幂等算符Identical particles, 全同粒子Identity operator, 恒等算符Impact parameter, 碰撞参数Impulse approximation, 脉冲近似Incident wave, 入射波Incoherent perturbation, 非相干微扰Incompatible observables, 不对易的可观测量Incompleteness, 不完备性Indeterminacy, 非确定性Indistinguishable particles, 不可分辨粒子Infinite spherical well, 无限深球势阱Infinite square well, 无限深方势阱Inner product, 内积Insulator, 绝缘体Integration by parts, 分部积分Intrinsic angular momentum, 内禀角动量Inverse beta decay, 逆衰变Inverse Fourier transform, 傅里叶逆变换KKet, 右矢Kinetic energy, 动能Kramers' relation, 克莱默斯关系Kronecker delta, 克劳尼克LLCAO technique, 原子轨道线性组合法Ladder operators, 阶梯算符Lagrange multiplier, 拉格朗日乘子Laguerre polynomial, 拉盖尔多项式Lamb shift, 兰姆移动Lande g-factor, 朗德g-因子Laplacian, 拉普拉斯的Larmor formula, 拉摩公式Larmor frequency, 拉摩频率Larmor precession, 拉摩进动Laser, 激光Legendre polynomial, 勒让德多项式Levi-Civita symbol, 列维-西维塔符号Lifetime, 寿命Linear algebra, 线性代数Linear combination, 线性组合Linear combination of atomic orbitals, 原子轨道的线性组合Linear operator, 线性算符Linear transformation, 线性变换Lorentz force law, 洛伦兹力定律Lowering operator, 下降算符Luminoscity, 照度Lyman series, 赖曼线系MMagnetic dipole, 磁偶极Magnetic dipole moment, 磁偶极矩Magnetic dipole transition, 磁偶极跃迁Magnetic field, 磁场Magnetic flux, 磁通量Magnetic quantum number, 磁量子数Magnetic resonance, 磁共振Many worlds interpretation, 多世界诠释Matrix, 矩阵；Matrix element, 矩阵元Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, 麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布Maxwell's equations, 麦克斯韦方程Mean value, 平均值Measurement, 测量Median value, 中位值Meson, 介子Metastable state, 亚稳态Minimum-uncertainty wave packet, 最小不确定度波包Molecule, 分子Momentum, 动量Momentum operator, 动量算符Momentum space wave function, 动量空间波函数Momentum transfer, 动量转移Most probable value, 最可几值Muon, 子Muon-catalysed fusion, 子催化的聚变Muonic hydrogen, 原子Muonium, 子素NNeumann function, 纽曼函数Neutrino oscillations, 中微子振荡Neutron star, 中子星Node, 节点Nomenclature, 术语Nondegenerate perturbationtheory, 非简并微扰论Non-normalizable function, 不可归一化的函数Normalization, 归一化Nuclear lifetime, 核寿命Nuclear magnetic resonance, 核磁共振Null vector, 零矢量OObservable, 可观测量Observer, 观测者Occupation number, 占有数Odd function, 奇函数Operator, 算符Optical theorem, 光学定理Orbital, 轨道的Orbital angular momentum, 轨道角动量Orthodox position, 正统立场Orthogonality, 正交性Orthogonalization, 正交化Orthohelium, 正氦Orthonormality, 正交归一性Orthorhombic symmetry, 斜方对称Overlap integral, 交叠积分PParahelium, 仲氦Partial wave amplitude, 分波幅Partial wave analysis, 分波法Paschen series, 帕邢线系Pauli exclusion principle, 泡利不相容原理Pauli spin matrices, 泡利自旋矩阵Periodic table, 周期表Perturbation theory, 微扰论Phase, 相位Phase shift, 相移Phase velocity, 相速Photon, 光子Planck's blackbody formula, 普朗克黑体辐射公式Planck's constant, 普朗克常数Polar angle, 极角Polarization, 极化Population inversion, 粒子数反转Position, 位置；Position operator, 位置算符Position-momentum uncertainty principles, 位置-动量不确定性关系Position space wave function, 坐标空间波函数Positronium, 电子偶素Potential energy, 势能Potential well, 势阱Power law potential, 幂律势Power series expansion, 幂级数展开Principal quantum number, 主量子数Probability, 几率Probability current, 几率流Probability density, 几率密度Projection operator, 投影算符Propagator, 传播子Proton, 质子QQuantum dynamics, 量子动力学Quantum electrodynamics, 量子电动力学Quantum number, 量子数Quantum statics, 量子统计Quantum statistical mechanics, 量子统计力学Quark, 夸克RRabi flopping frequency, 拉比翻转频率Radial equation, 径向方程Radial wave function, 径向波函数Radiation, 辐射Radius, 半径Raising operator, 上升算符Rayleigh's formula, 瑞利公式Realist position, 实在论立场Recursion formula, 递推公式Reduced mass, 约化质量Reflected wave, 反射波Reflection coefficient, 反射系数Relativistic correction, 相对论修正Rigid rotor, 刚性转子Rodrigues formula, 罗德里格斯公式Rotating wave approximation, 旋转波近似Rutherford scattering, 卢瑟福散射Rydberg constant, 里德堡常数Rydberg formula, 里德堡公式SScalar potential, 标势Scattering, 散射Scattering amplitude, 散射幅Scattering angle, 散射角Scattering matrix, 散射矩阵Scattering state, 散射态Schrodinger equation, 薛定谔方程Schrodinger picture, 薛定谔绘景Schwarz inequality, 施瓦兹不等式Screening, 屏蔽Second-order correction, 二级修正Selection rules, 选择定则Semiconductor, 半导体Separable solutions, 分离变量解Separation of variables, 变量分离Shell, 壳Simple harmonic oscillator, 简谐振子Simultaneous diagonalization, 同时对角化Singlet state, 单态Slater determinant, 斯拉特行列式Soft-sphere scattering, 软球散射Solenoid, 螺线管Solids, 固体Spectral decomposition, 谱分解Spectrum, 谱Spherical Bessel functions, 球贝塞尔函数Spherical coordinates, 球坐标Spherical Hankel functions, 球汉克尔函数Spherical harmonics, 球谐函数Spherical Neumann functions, 球纽曼函数Spin, 自旋Spin matrices, 自旋矩阵Spin-orbit coupling, 自旋-轨道耦合Spin-orbit interaction, 自旋-轨道相互作用Spinor, 旋量Spin-spin coupling, 自旋-自旋耦合Spontaneous emission, 自发辐射Square-integrable function, 平方可积函数Square well, 方势阱Standard deviation, 标准偏差Stark effect, 斯塔克效应Stationary state, 定态Statistical interpretation, 统计诠释Statistical mechanics, 统计力学Stefan-Boltzmann law, 斯特番-玻尔兹曼定律Step function, 阶跃函数Stem-Gerlach experiment, 斯特恩-盖拉赫实验Stimulated emission, 受激辐射Stirling's approximation, 斯特林近似Superconductor, 超导体Symmetrization, 对称化Symmetry, 对称TTaylor series, 泰勒级数Temperature, 温度Tetragonal symmetry, 正方对称Thermal equilibrium, 热平衡Thomas precession, 托马斯进动Time-dependent perturbation theory, 含时微扰论Time-dependent Schrodinger equation, 含时薛定谔方程Time-independent perturbation theory, 定态微扰论Time-independent Schrodinger equation, 定态薛定谔方程Total cross-section, 总截面Transfer matrix, 转移矩阵Transformation, 变换Transition, 跃迁；Transition probability, 跃迁几率Transition rate, 跃迁速率Translation,平移Transmission coefficient, 透射系数Transmitted wave, 透射波Trial wave function, 试探波函数Triplet state, 三重态Tunneling, 隧穿Turning points, 回转点Two-fold degeneracy , 二重简并Two-level systems, 二能级体系UUncertainty principle, 不确定性关系Unstable particles, 不稳定粒子VValence electron, 价电子Van der Waals interaction, 范德瓦尔斯相互作用Variables, 变量Variance, 方差Variational principle, 变分原理Vector, 矢量Vector potential, 矢势Velocity, 速度Vertex factor, 顶角因子Virial theorem, 维里定理WWave function, 波函数Wavelength, 波长Wave number, 波数Wave packet, 波包Wave vector, 波矢White dwarf, 白矮星Wien's displacement law, 维恩位移定律YYukawa potential, 汤川势ZZeeman effect, 塞曼效应。

量子力学英文介绍

量子力学英文介绍Quantum mechanics, also known as quantum physics, is a branch of theoretical physics that describes the behavior of matter and energy at the smallest scales, including subatomic particles like electrons and photons. It is an incredibly complex and counterintuitive theory, but also one of the most successful scientific theories ever developed.Step 1: The Beginnings of Quantum MechanicsQuantum mechanics originated in the early 20th century, primarily through the work of physicists Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, and ErwinSchrödinger. Their investigations into the behavior of light and matter led them to develop a new set of mathematical equations that governed the behavior of subatomic particles.Step 2: The Weirdness of Quantum MechanicsQuantum mechanics has a number of strange and seemingly paradoxical features that make it hard to wrap one's head around. For example, particles at the quantum level do not have a definite location until they are measured, and they can exist in multiple states at once. Quantum mechanics also introduced the concept of entanglement, in which particles can become "entangled" so that a measurement of one particle can instantly affect the state of the other, even if they are separated by vast distances.Step 3: Applications of Quantum MechanicsDespite its weirdness, quantum mechanics has a wide range of practical applications. One of the most notable is the development of the transistor, which is a crucialcomponent in modern electronic devices like computers and smartphones. Quantum mechanics also plays a role in materials science, cryptography, and quantum computing, which has the potential to revolutionize computation.Step 4: Current Research in Quantum MechanicsQuantum mechanics continues to be an active area of research and discovery. Areas of current interest include quantum entanglement and teleportation, the development of more efficient quantum algorithms, and exploring the possibilities of quantum computing. Researchers are also investigating the relationship between quantum mechanics and general relativity, the other pillar of modern physics.In conclusion, quantum mechanics is a fascinating and important theory that has revolutionized our understanding of the universe. It has many practical applications and continues to inspire new discoveries and innovations. While its weirdness and complexity can be daunting, it is well worth the effort to understand and appreciate this amazing theory.。

量子力学的英语

量子力学的英语Quantum mechanics is a fascinating branch of physics that explores the behavior of particles at the smallest scales. It delves into the realm of atoms and subatomic particles, revealing a world where the laws of classical physics no longer apply.At its core, quantum mechanics challenges our everyday understanding of reality. It introduces concepts such as superposition, where particles can exist in multiple states simultaneously, and entanglement, a mysterious connection between particles that Einstein famously referred to as "spooky action at a distance."The implications of quantum mechanics are profound, impacting not just our understanding of the universe but also the development of technologies like quantum computing. It's a field that continues to push the boundaries of what we know and how we think about the world around us.Despite its complexity, the principles of quantum mechanics can be grasped even by those new to the subject.It's a testament to the beauty of science that such intricate concepts can be understood and appreciated by curious minds of all ages.In essence, quantum mechanics is more than just a scientific theory; it's a window into the very fabric of ourexistence, offering a glimpse into the fundamental nature of reality that is both humbling and awe-inspiring.。

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21-centimeter line, 21厘米线AAbsorption, 吸收Addition of angular momenta, 角动量叠加Adiabatic approximation, 绝热近似Adiabatic process, 绝热过程Adjoint, 自伴的Agnostic position, 不可知论立场Aharonov-Bohm effect, 阿哈罗诺夫—玻姆效应Airy equation, 艾里方程；Airy function, 艾里函数Allowed energy, 允许能量Allowed transition, 允许跃迁Alpha decay, α衰变；Alpha particle, α粒子Angular equation, 角向方程Angular momentum, 角动量Anomalous magnetic moment, 反常磁矩Antibonding, 反键Anti-hermitian operator, 反厄米算符Associated Laguerre polynomial, 连带拉盖尔多项式Associated Legendre function, 连带勒让德多项式Atoms, 原子Average value, 平均值Azimuthal angle, 方位角Azimuthal quantum number, 角量子数BBalmer series, 巴尔末线系Band structure, 能带结构Baryon, 重子Berry's phase, 贝利相位Bessel functions, 贝塞尔函数Binding energy, 束缚能Binomial coefficient, 二项式系数Biot-Savart law, 毕奥—沙法尔定律Blackbody spectrum, 黑体谱Bloch's theorem, 布洛赫定理Bohr energies, 玻尔能量；Bohr magneton, 玻尔磁子；Bohr radius, 玻尔半径Boltzmann constant, 玻尔兹曼常数Bond, 化学键Born approximation, 玻恩近似Born's statistical interpretation, 玻恩统计诠释Bose condensation, 玻色凝聚Bose-Einstein distribution, 玻色—爱因斯坦分布Boson, 玻色子Bound state, 束缚态Boundary conditions, 边界条件Bra, 左矢Bulk modulus, 体积模量CCanonical commutation relations, 正则对易关系Canonical momentum, 正则动量Cauchy's integral formula, 柯西积分公式Centrifugal term, 离心项Chandrasekhar limit, 钱德拉赛卡极限Chemical potential, 化学势Classical electron radius, 经典电子半径Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, 克—高系数Coherent States, 相干态Collapse of wave function, 波函数塌缩Commutator, 对易子Compatible observables, 对易的可观测量Complete inner product space, 完备内积空间Completeness, 完备性Conductor, 导体Configuration, 位形Connection formulas, 连接公式Conservation, 守恒Conservative systems, 保守系Continuity equation, 连续性方程Continuous spectrum, 连续谱Continuous variables, 连续变量Contour integral, 围道积分Copenhagen interpretation, 哥本哈根诠释Coulomb barrier, 库仑势垒Coulomb potential, 库仑势Covalent bond, 共价键Critical temperature, 临界温度Cross-section, 截面Crystal, 晶体Cubic symmetry, 立方对称性Cyclotron motion, 螺旋运动DDarwin term, 达尔文项de Broglie formula, 德布罗意公式de Broglie wavelength, 德布罗意波长Decay mode, 衰变模式Degeneracy, 简并度Degeneracy pressure, 简并压Degenerate perturbation theory, 简并微扰论Degenerate states, 简并态Degrees of freedom, 自由度Delta-function barrier, δ势垒Delta-function well, δ势阱Derivative operator, 求导算符Determinant, 行列式Determinate state, 确定的态Deuterium, 氘Deuteron, 氘核Diagonal matrix, 对角矩阵Diagonalizable matrix, 对角化Differential cross-section, 微分截面Dipole moment, 偶极矩Dirac delta function, 狄拉克δ函数Dirac equation, 狄拉克方程Dirac notation, 狄拉克记号Dirac orthonormality, 狄拉克正交归一性Direct integral, 直接积分Discrete spectrum, 分立谱Discrete variable, 离散变量Dispersion relation, 色散关系Displacement operator, 位移算符Distinguishable particles, 可分辨粒子Distribution, 分布Doping, 掺杂Double well, 双势阱Dual space, 对偶空间Dynamic phase, 动力学相位EEffective nuclear charge, 有效核电荷Effective potential, 有效势Ehrenfest's theorem, 厄伦费斯特定理Eigenfunction, 本征函数Eigenvalue, 本征值Eigenvector, 本征矢Einstein's A and B coefficients, 爱因斯坦A,B系数；Einstein's mass-energy formula, 爱因斯坦质能公式Electric dipole, 电偶极Electric dipole moment, 电偶极矩Electric dipole radiation, 电偶极辐射Electric dipole transition, 电偶极跃迁Electric quadrupole transition, 电四极跃迁Electric field, 电场Electromagnetic wave, 电磁波Electron, 电子Emission, 发射Energy, 能量Energy-time uncertainty principle, 能量—时间不确定性关系Ensemble, 系综Equilibrium, 平衡Equipartition theorem, 配分函数Euler's formula, 欧拉公式Even function, 偶函数Exchange force, 交换力Exchange integral, 交换积分Exchange operator, 交换算符Excited state, 激发态Exclusion principle, 不相容原理Expectation value, 期待值FFermi-Dirac distribution, 费米—狄拉克分布Fermi energy, 费米能Fermi surface, 费米面Fermi temperature, 费米温度Fermi's golden rule, 费米黄金规则Fermion, 费米子Feynman diagram, 费曼图Feynman-Hellman theorem, 费曼—海尔曼定理Fine structure, 精细结构Fine structure constant, 精细结构常数Finite square well, 有限深方势阱First-order correction, 一级修正Flux quantization, 磁通量子化Forbidden transition, 禁戒跃迁Foucault pendulum, 傅科摆Fourier series, 傅里叶级数Fourier transform, 傅里叶变换Free electron, 自由电子Free electron density, 自由电子密度Free electron gas, 自由电子气Free particle, 自由粒子Function space, 函数空间Fusion, 聚变Gg-factor, g—因子Gamma function, Γ函数Gap, 能隙Gauge invariance, 规范不变性Gauge transformation, 规范变换Gaussian wave packet, 高斯波包Generalized function, 广义函数Generating function, 生成函数Generator, 生成元Geometric phase, 几何相位Geometric series, 几何级数Golden rule, 黄金规则"Good" quantum number, “好”量子数"Good" states, “好”的态Gradient, 梯度Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization, 格莱姆—施密特正交化法Graphical solution, 图解法Green's function, 格林函数Ground state, 基态Group theory, 群论Group velocity, 群速Gyromagnetic railo, 回转磁比值HHalf-integer angular momentum, 半整数角动量Half-life, 半衰期Hamiltonian, 哈密顿量Hankel functions, 汉克尔函数Hannay's angle, 哈内角Hard-sphere scattering, 硬球散射Harmonic oscillator, 谐振子Heisenberg picture, 海森堡绘景Heisenberg uncertainty principle, 海森堡不确定性关系Helium, 氦Helmholtz equation, 亥姆霍兹方程Hermite polynomials, 厄米多项式Hermitian conjugate, 厄米共轭Hermitian matrix, 厄米矩阵Hidden variables, 隐变量Hilbert space, 希尔伯特空间Hole, 空穴Hooke's law, 胡克定律Hund's rules, 洪特规则Hydrogen atom, 氢原子Hydrogen ion, 氢离子Hydrogen molecule, 氢分子Hydrogen molecule ion, 氢分子离子Hydrogenic atom, 类氢原子Hyperfine splitting, 超精细分裂IIdea gas, 理想气体Idempotent operaror, 幂等算符Identical particles, 全同粒子Identity operator, 恒等算符Impact parameter, 碰撞参数Impulse approximation, 脉冲近似Incident wave, 入射波Incoherent perturbation, 非相干微扰Incompatible observables, 不对易的可观测量Incompleteness, 不完备性Indeterminacy, 非确定性Indistinguishable particles, 不可分辨粒子Infinite spherical well, 无限深球势阱Infinite square well, 无限深方势阱Inner product, 内积Insulator, 绝缘体Integration by parts, 分部积分Intrinsic angular momentum, 内禀角动量Inverse beta decay, 逆β衰变Inverse Fourier transform, 傅里叶逆变换KKet, 右矢Kinetic energy, 动能Kramers' relation, 克莱默斯关系Kronecker delta, 克劳尼克δLLCAO technique, 原子轨道线性组合法Ladder operators, 阶梯算符Lagrange multiplier, 拉格朗日乘子Laguerre polynomial, 拉盖尔多项式Lamb shift, 兰姆移动Lande g-factor, 朗德g—因子Laplacian, 拉普拉斯的Larmor formula, 拉摩公式Larmor frequency, 拉摩频率Larmor precession, 拉摩进动Laser, 激光Legendre polynomial, 勒让德多项式Levi-Civita symbol, 列维—西维塔符号Lifetime, 寿命Linear algebra, 线性代数Linear combination, 线性组合Linear combination of atomic orbitals, 原子轨道的线性组合Linear operator, 线性算符Linear transformation, 线性变换Lorentz force law, 洛伦兹力定律Lowering operator, 下降算符Luminoscity, 照度Lyman series, 赖曼线系MMagnetic dipole, 磁偶极Magnetic dipole moment, 磁偶极矩Magnetic dipole transition, 磁偶极跃迁Magnetic field, 磁场Magnetic flux, 磁通量Magnetic quantum number, 磁量子数Magnetic resonance, 磁共振Many worlds interpretation, 多世界诠释Matrix, 矩阵；Matrix element, 矩阵元Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, 麦克斯韦—玻尔兹曼分布Maxwell’s equations, 麦克斯韦方程Mean value, 平均值Measurement, 测量Median value, 中位值Meson, 介子Metastable state, 亚稳态Minimum-uncertainty wave packet, 最小不确定度波包Molecule, 分子Momentum, 动量Momentum operator, 动量算符Momentum space wave function, 动量空间波函数Momentum transfer, 动量转移Most probable value, 最可几值Muon, μ子Muon-catalysed fusion, μ子催化的聚变Muonic hydrogen, μ原子Muonium, μ子素NNeumann function, 纽曼函数Neutrino oscillations, 中微子振荡Neutron star, 中子星Node, 节点Nomenclature, 术语Nondegenerate perturbationtheory, 非简并微扰论Non-normalizable function, 不可归一化的函数Normalization, 归一化Nuclear lifetime, 核寿命Nuclear magnetic resonance, 核磁共振Null vector, 零矢量OObservable, 可观测量Observer, 观测者Occupation number, 占有数Odd function, 奇函数Operator, 算符Optical theorem, 光学定理Orbital, 轨道的Orbital angular momentum, 轨道角动量Orthodox position, 正统立场Orthogonality, 正交性Orthogonalization, 正交化Orthohelium, 正氦Orthonormality, 正交归一性Orthorhombic symmetry, 斜方对称Overlap integral, 交叠积分PParahelium, 仲氦Partial wave amplitude, 分波幅Partial wave analysis, 分波法Paschen series, 帕邢线系Pauli exclusion principle, 泡利不相容原理Pauli spin matrices, 泡利自旋矩阵Periodic table, 周期表Perturbation theory, 微扰论Phase, 相位Phase shift, 相移Phase velocity, 相速Photon, 光子Planck's blackbody formula, 普朗克黑体辐射公式Planck's constant, 普朗克常数Polar angle, 极角Polarization, 极化Population inversion, 粒子数反转Position, 位置；Position operator, 位置算符Position-momentum uncertainty principles, 位置—动量不确定性关系Position space wave function, 坐标空间波函数Positronium, 电子偶素Potential energy, 势能Potential well, 势阱Power law potential, 幂律势Power series expansion, 幂级数展开Principal quantum number, 主量子数Probability, 几率Probability current, 几率流Probability density, 几率密度Projection operator, 投影算符Propagator, 传播子Proton, 质子QQuantum dynamics, 量子动力学Quantum electrodynamics, 量子电动力学Quantum number, 量子数Quantum statics, 量子统计Quantum statistical mechanics, 量子统计力学Quark, 夸克RRabi flopping frequency, 拉比翻转频率Radial equation, 径向方程Radial wave function, 径向波函数Radiation, 辐射Radius, 半径Raising operator, 上升算符Rayleigh's formula, 瑞利公式Realist position, 实在论立场Recursion formula, 递推公式Reduced mass, 约化质量Reflected wave, 反射波Reflection coefficient, 反射系数Relativistic correction, 相对论修正Rigid rotor, 刚性转子Rodrigues formula, 罗德里格斯公式Rotating wave approximation, 旋转波近似Rutherford scattering, 卢瑟福散射Rydberg constant, 里德堡常数Rydberg formula, 里德堡公式SScalar potential, 标势Scattering, 散射Scattering amplitude, 散射幅Scattering angle, 散射角Scattering matrix, 散射矩阵Scattering state, 散射态Schrodinger equation, 薛定谔方程Schrodinger picture, 薛定谔绘景Schwarz inequality, 施瓦兹不等式Screening, 屏蔽Second-order correction, 二级修正Selection rules, 选择定则Semiconductor, 半导体Separable solutions, 分离变量解Separation of variables, 变量分离Shell, 壳Simple harmonic oscillator, 简谐振子Simultaneous diagonalization, 同时对角化Singlet state, 单态Slater determinant, 斯拉特行列式Soft-sphere scattering, 软球散射Solenoid, 螺线管Solids, 固体Spectral decomposition, 谱分解Spectrum, 谱Spherical Bessel functions, 球贝塞尔函数Spherical coordinates, 球坐标Spherical Hankel functions, 球汉克尔函数Spherical harmonics, 球谐函数Spherical Neumann functions, 球纽曼函数Spin, 自旋Spin matrices, 自旋矩阵Spin-orbit coupling, 自旋—轨道耦合Spin-orbit interaction, 自旋—轨道相互作用Spinor, 旋量Spin-spin coupling, 自旋—自旋耦合Spontaneous emission, 自发辐射Square-integrable function, 平方可积函数Square well, 方势阱Standard deviation, 标准偏差Stark effect, 斯塔克效应Stationary state, 定态Statistical interpretation, 统计诠释Statistical mechanics, 统计力学Stefan-Boltzmann law, 斯特番—玻尔兹曼定律Step function, 阶跃函数Stem-Gerlach experiment, 斯特恩—盖拉赫实验Stimulated emission, 受激辐射Stirling's approximation, 斯特林近似Superconductor, 超导体Symmetrization, 对称化Symmetry, 对称TTaylor series, 泰勒级数Temperature, 温度Tetragonal symmetry, 正方对称Thermal equilibrium, 热平衡Thomas precession, 托马斯进动Time-dependent perturbation theory, 含时微扰论Time-dependent Schrodinger equation, 含时薛定谔方程Time-independent perturbation theory, 定态微扰论Time-independent Schrodinger equation, 定态薛定谔方程Total cross-section, 总截面Transfer matrix, 转移矩阵Transformation, 变换Transition, 跃迁；Transition probability, 跃迁几率Transition rate, 跃迁速率Translation,平移Transmission coefficient, 透射系数Transmitted wave, 透射波Trial wave function, 试探波函数Triplet state, 三重态Tunneling, 隧穿Turning points, 回转点Two-fold degeneracy , 二重简并Two-level systems, 二能级体系UUncertainty principle, 不确定性关系Unstable particles, 不稳定粒子VValence electron, 价电子Van der Waals interaction, 范德瓦尔斯相互作用Variables, 变量Variance, 方差Variational principle, 变分原理Vector, 矢量Vector potential, 矢势Velocity, 速度Vertex factor, 顶角因子Virial theorem, 维里定理WWave function, 波函数Wavelength, 波长Wave number, 波数Wave packet, 波包Wave vector, 波矢White dwarf, 白矮星Wien's displacement law, 维恩位移定律YYukawa potential, 汤川势ZZeeman effect, 塞曼效应（2009年2月）。