大学英语四级考试阅读模拟试题(8).doc
2019年大学英语四级考试阅读模拟试题（8）Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to think and concentrate. Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests. In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well. The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster，but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers. In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers. The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but al so had trouble separating important information from insignificant
details. As our tests became more complex.Sums up Spilich,non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider marginsHe predicts,smokers might per form adequately at many jobs-until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.
1. The purpose of George Spilich’s experiments is _______.
A) to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers
B) to show how smoking damages people’s mental capacity
C) to prove that smoking affects people’s regular performance
D) to find out whether smoking helps people’s short-term memory
2. George Spilich’s experiment was conducted in such a way as to _______.
A) compel the subjects to separate major information from minor details
B) put the subjects through increasingly complex tests
C) check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokers
D) register the prompt responses of the subjects
3. The wordbested(Line 3, Para. 5) most probably means _______.
A) beat B) envied C) caught up with D) made the best of
4. Which of the following statements is true?
A) Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.
B) Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.
C) Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.
D) Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.
5. We can infer from the last paragraph that _______.
A) smokers should not expect to become airline pilots
B) smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness
C) no airline pilots smoke during flights
D) smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases
参考答案
1、[A]
2、[B]
3、[A]
4、[C]
5、[D]。
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题（附答案）一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中，龙是吉祥的象征，代表着权力、威严和好运。
英语四级长篇阅读模拟练习
英语四级长篇阅读模拟练习英语四级长篇阅读模拟练习：A: What do we mean by being talented or gifted? The most obvious way is to look at the work someone does and if they are capable of significant success, label them as talented. The purely quantitative route —percentage definition— looks not at individuals, but at simple percentages, such as the top five percent of the population, and labels them — by definition — as gifted. This definition has fallen from favor, eclipsed by the advent of IQ tests, favored by luminaries such as Professor Hans Eysenck, where a series of written or verbal tests of general intelligence leads to a score of intelligence.B: The IQ test has been eclipsed in turn. Most people studying intelligence and creativity in the new millennium now prefer a broader definition, using a multifaceted approach where talents in many areas are recognized rather than purely concentrating on academic achievement. If we are therefore assuming that talented, creative or gifted individuals may need to be assessed across a range of abilities, does this mean intelligence can run in families as genetic or inherited tendency? Mental dysfunction — such as schizophrenia — can, so is an efficient mental capacity passed on from parent to child?C: Animal experiments throw some light on this question, and on the whole area of whether it is genetics, the environment or a combinationof the two that allows for intelligence and creative ability. Different strains of rats show great differences in intelligence or rat reasoning. If these are brought up in normal conditions and then run through a maze to reach a food goal, the bright-strain make far fewer wrong turns that the dull-ones. But if the environment is made dull and boring the number of errors becomes equal. Return the rats to an exciting maze and the discrepancy returns as before — but is much smaller. In other words, a dull rat in a stimulating environment will almost do as well as bright rat who is bored in a normal one. This principle applies to humans too — someone may be born with innate intelligence, but their environment probably has the final say over whether they become creative or even a genius.D: Evidence now exists that most young children, if given enough opportunities and encouragement, are able to achieve significant and sustainable levels of academic or sporting prowess. Bright or creative children are often physically very active at the same time, and so many receive more parental attention as a result — almost by default — in order to ensure their safety. They may also talk earlier, and this, in turn, breeds parental interest. This can sometimes cause problems with other siblings who may feel jealous even though they themselves may be bright. Their creative talents may be undervalued and so never come to fruition. Two themes seem to run through famously creative families as a result. The first is that the parents were able to identify the talents of each child, and nurture and encourage these accordingly but in an even handed manner. Individual differences were encouraged, and friendly sibling rivalry was not seen as particular problem. If the father is, say, a famous actor, there is no undue pressure for his children to follow himonto the boards, but instead their chosen interests are encouraged. There need not even by any obvious talent in such a family since there always needs to be someone who sets the family career in motion, as in the case of the Sheen acting dynasty.E: Martin Sheen was the seventh of ten children born to a Spanish immigrant father and an Irish mother. Despite intense parental disapproval he turned his back on entrance exams to university and borrowed cash from a local priest to start a fledgling acting career. His acting successes in films such as Badlands and Apocalypse Now made him one of the most highly-regarded actors of the 1970s. Three sons — Emilio Estevez, Ramon Estevez and Charlie Sheen — have followed him into the profession as a consequence of being inspired by his motivation and enthusiasm.F: A stream seems to run through creative families. Such children are not necessarily smothered with love by their parents. They feel loved and wanted, and are secure in their home, but are often more surrounded by an atmosphere of work and where following a calling appears to be important. They may see from their parents that it takes time and dedication to be master of a craft, and so are in less of a hurry to achieve for themselves once they start to work.G: The generation of creativity is complex: it is a mixture of genetics, the environment, parental teaching and luck that determines how successful or talented family members are. This last point — luck — is often not mentioned where talent is concerned but plays an undoubted part. Mozart, considered by many to be the finest composer of all time, was lucky to be living in an age that encouraged the writing of music. He was broughtup surrounded by it, his father was a musician who encouraged him to the point of giving up his job to promote his child genius. Mozart himself simply wanted to create the finest music ever written but did not necessarily view himself as a genius — he could write sublime music at will, and so often preferred to lead a hedonistic lifestyle that he found more exciting than writing music to order.H: Albert Einstein and Bill Gates are two more examples of people whose talents have blossomed by virtue of the times they were living in. Einstein was a solitary, somewhat slow child who had affection at home but whose phenomenal intelligence emerged without any obvious parental input. This may have been partly due to the fact that at the start of the 20th century a lot of the Newtonian laws of physics were being questioned, leaving a fertile ground for ideas such as his to be developed. Bill Gates may have had the creative vision to develop Microsoft, but without the new computer age dawning at the same time he may never have achieved the position on the world stage he now occupies.1. We can label someone who are capable of significant success as talented.2. Most people studying intelligence and creativity in the new millennium now prefer a broader definition.3. Animal experiments are contributed to whether it is genetics, the environment or a combination of the two that allows for intelligence and creative ability.4. Bright or creative children are often physically very active at the same time.5. Children in creative families feel loved and wanted, and are secure in their home.6. The generation of creativity is not simple.7. Bill Gates is an example of people whose talents have blossomed by virtue of the times they were living in.8. Evidence shows that bright or creative children are often physically very active and thus receive more parentalattention to ensure their safety.9. Luck is often not mentioned but an undoubted part of a person how creative or talented.10. Albert Einsteins and Bill Gates significant success may be due to thetimes they were living in.1. A2. B3. C4. D5. F6. G7. H8. D9. G10.H英语四级长篇阅读模拟练习：Education Study Finds U. S. FallingBehindA Teachers in the United States earn less relative tonational income than their counterparts in many industrialized countries, yet they spend far more hours in front of the classroom, according to a major newinternational study.B The salary differentials are part of apattern of relatively low public investment in education in the United States compared with other member nationsof the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, a group in Paris that compiled thereport. Total government spending on educational institutions in the United Statesslipped to 4.8 percent of gross domestic product in 1998, falling under theinternational average — 5 percent — for the first time.C “The whole economy has grown faster thanthe education system,”Andreas Schleicher, one of the reports authors,explained. “The economy has done very well, but teachers have not fullybenefit.” The report, due out today, is the sixth on education published since1991 by the organization of 30 nations, founded in 1960, and now covering muchof Europe, North America, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand.D In addition to the teacher pay gap, thereport shows the other countries have begun to catch up with the United Statesin higher education: college enrollment has grown by 20 percent since 1995across the group, with one in four young people now earning degrees. For thefirst time, the United States college graduation rate, now at 33percent, is not the worldshighest. Finland,the Netherlands, New Zealand and Britain have surpassed it.E The United States is also producingfewer mathematics and science graduates than most of the other member states.And, the report says, a college degree produces a greater boost in income herewhile the lack of a high school diploma imposes a bigger income penalty. “The number of graduates is increasing, but that stimulates even more of a demand —there is no end in sight,” Mr. Schleicher said. “The demand for skill, clearly,is growing faster than the supply that is coming from schools and colleges.”F The report lists the salary for a highschool teacher in the United Stateswith 15 years experience as $36,219, above the international average of $31,887but behind seven other countries and less than 60 percent of Switzerlands$62,052. Because teachers in the Unites States have a heavier classroom load —teaching almost a third more hours than their counterparts abroad — theirsalary per hour of actual teaching is $35, less than the international averageof $41 (Denmark, Spain and Germany pay more than $50 per teaching hour, SouthKorea $77). In 1994, such a veteran teacher in the United States earned 1.2 times theaverage per capita income whereas in 1999 the salary was just under thenational average. Only the Czech Republic, Hungary,Iceland and Norway pay their teachers less relative tonational income; in South Korea, teachers theactual teaching salary earn 2.5 times the nationalaverage. Teacher pay accounts for 56 percent of what the United Statesspends on education, well below the 67 percent average among the group ofcountries.G The new data come as the United Statesfaces a shortage of two million teachers over the next decade, with questions oftraining, professionalism and salaries being debated by politicians local andnational. Joost Yff, an international expert at the American Association ofColleges of Teacher Education, said training for teachers is comparable amongmost of the nations in the study, and that they are all dealing with similarissues of raising standards and increasing professionalism.H Though the United States lags behind in scores on standardized tests in science and mathematics, students here get more instruction in those subjects, the report shows. The average 14-year-oldAmerican spent 295 hours in math and science classes in 1999, far more than the229 international average; only Austria(370 hours), Mexico (367)and New Zealand(320) have more instruction in those subjects. Middle-schoolers here spend less time thantheir international counterparts studying foreign languages and technology, butfar more hours working on physical education and vocational skills. High schoolstudents in the United Statesare far more likely to have part-time jobs: 64 percent of Americans ages 15 to19 worked while in school, compared with an international average of 31 percent(only Canada and the Netherlands, with 69 percent, and Denmark,with 75 percent, were higher).I One place the United States spends more money is on special services for the disabled and the poor. More than one infour children here are in programs based on income — only five other countriesserve even 1 in 10— and nearly 6 percent get additional resources based on physical or mental handicaps, twice or three times the rate in other countries.J The report shows a continuing shift inwhich the United Statesis losing its status as the most highly educated among the nations. The UnitedStates has the highest level of high school graduates ages 55 to 64, but fallsto fifth, behind Norway, Japan, South Korea, the Czech Republic andSwitzerland, among ages 25 to 34. Among college graduates, it leads in theolder generation but is third behind Canada and Japan in the younger cohort (一群). While the portion of Americans with high schooldiplomas remains at 88 percent across age groups, the average age among membercountries is rising. It has gone from 58 percent of those ages 45 to 54, to 66percent of those ages 35 to 44 and 72 percent of those ages 25 to 34. A higherpercentage of young people in Norway,Japan, South Korea, the CzechRepublic and Switzerland have degrees than in the United States.K “The U.S. has led the development incollege education and making education sort of accessible for everyone,” Mr.Schleicher said. “Its now becoming the norm.”1. Compared with their counterparts in many industrialized countries, the U.S. teachers work longer.2. The U.S. government spent 4.8% of its GDP on education in 1998.3. From the passage we learn about Finland surpassesthe U.S.in college graduation rate.4. When the number of graduates in the U.S.increases, the demand for them is rising.5. The new study shows that the actual teaching salary per hour in the U.S. is $35.6. In the report, the U.S.students study of science and mathematics get most instruction in those subjects in the OECD.7. Compared with those in other OECD countries, high school students in the U.S. spend more time in in physical education and vocational skills.8. It is for the special services for thedisabled and the poor that the United States pays more money than other OECD countries.9. Those who have high school diplomas in the U. S. account for 88percent ofthe Americans of all ages.10. According toMr. Schleicher, the U.S.is becoming the norm in making education accessible for everyone and collegeeducation.1.A2.B3.D4.E5.F6.H7.H8.I9.J10.K。
2019年英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案解析（8）
2019年英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案解析（8）2019年英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案解析(8)When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought isfaulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claims, the first step is to present the warranty, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” his or h er complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim. Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the rightone is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”. The store manager may advice the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take theseller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer's rights.1. When a consumer finds that his or her in it, thefirst thing he or she should do is to ____.A) complain personally to the managerB) threaten to take the matter to courtC) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchaseD) show some written proof of the purchase to the store2. How can a consumer make his or her complaint more effective, according to the passage?A) Explain exactly what is wrong with the item.B) Threaten to take the seller to court.C) Make polite and general statements about the problem.D) Avoid having direct contact with the store manager.3. According to the passage, which of the following is suggested as the last alternative that consumers may turn to?A) Complain to the store manager in person.B) Complain to the manufacturer.C) Write a complaint letter to the manager.D) Turn to the Consumers’ Rights Protection Organization for help.4. The phrase “live up to” in this context means ____.A) meet the standard ofB) realize the purpose ofC) fulfill the demands ofD) keep the promise of5.The passage tells us ____.A) how to settle a consumer’s complaint about a faulty itemB) how to make an effective complaint about a faultyitemC) how to avoid buying a faulty itemD) how to deal with complaints from customers答案与解析：1. D当顾客发现自己所购买的商品有问题时，他所做的第一件事就是出示在商场购物的凭具。
大学英语四级阅读考试题模拟练习附答案
大学英语四级阅读考试题模拟练习附答案大学英语四级阅读考试题模拟练习附答案光阴给我们经验，读书给我们知识。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语四级阅读考试题模拟练习附答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-agecollege freshmen are ”more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.” It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching, social service and the“altruistic”fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job-even before she completed her two-yearassociate degree.While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions m be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying thediverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business.No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run!But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): “Miss Baxter,”he says, “coul d you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1. According to the author’s observation, college students _______.A. have never been so materialistic as todayB. have never been so interested in the artsC. have never been so financially well off as todayD. have never attached so much importance to moral sense2. The students’ criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _______.A. the influences of their instructorsB. the financial goals they seek in lifeC. their own interpretations of the coursesD. their understanding of the contributions of others3. By saying “While it’s true that ... be they scientific or artistic” (Lines 1-3, Para. 5), the author means that _______.A. business management should be included in educational programsB. human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speedC. human intellectual development has reached new heightsD. the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked4. Studying the diverse wisdom of others can ________.A. create varying artistic interestsB. help people see things in their right perspectiveC. help improve connections among peopleD. regulate the behavior of modern people5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.B. Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.C. People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.D. Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.参考答案1.[A]事实细节题。
英语专业四级模拟试题8(含答案)
英语专业四级模拟试题8Part I Dictation ( 15 minutes )Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET.Now listen to the passage.Part II Listening Comprehension ( 19 minutes )Section AIn this section, you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Conversation OneQuestions 2 to 5 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.2. Kelly ran like crazy to board the flight because _______.A) she was lateB) the connecting flight arrived lateC) there were mechanical problemsD) she missed the connecting flight3. Why was Diana worried?A) She didn't see Kelly at dinner.B) Kelly didn't make it.C) Kelly was late for the research.D) Kelly was tired from the flight.4. Who was Diana going to meet?A) Her friend.B) A friend of both Kelly and herself.C) The person who stays next door to them.D) The person who is doing the same research as they are.5. Will Kelly join them in the bar?A) Yes, she will after she checked in.B) No, because she is tired from the flight.C) No, because she'd like to do a little exercise to help her get to sleep.D) Yes, but she'd like to get a little exercise first.Conversation TwoQuestions 6 to 8 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.6. What do we know about the man?A) He was admitted to the Foreign Languages Department.B) He is a second-year graduate student.C) He is from the government.D) He works in the university laboratory.7. The man thinks the graduate education is not so fascinating as they thought because of thefollowing facts EXCEPT _______.A) there are too many basic classesB) they spent too much time writing essaysC) the facilities in the laboratory are outdatedD) they have too many experiments to do8. According to the man, it is not the case in some other departments because _______.A) they are well foundedB) they are well facilitatedC) they are well financedD) they are well encouragedConversation ThreeQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.9. How much is first-class mail more expensive than parcelpost?A) $8.20.B) $4.90.C) $3.30.D) $30.00.10. The man's bill covers the following EXCEPT _______.A) the insuranceB) the parcelC) a pair of glass earringsD) the stamps11. What do we know about the man's bill?A) It's $18.20.B) It's more than $30.00.C) It's $8.20.D) It's $18.12.Section BIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Passage OneQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.12. Hydroponics is _______.A) a new process of growing plants in waterB) a conventional way of growing plantsC) the cultivation of plants in waterD) the cultivation of plants in the nutritious and moist soil13. Hydroponics first appeared in the research laboratory _______.A) in late 17th centuryB) in early 19th centuryC) in 1936D) 50 years ago14. When did hydroponics move out of the research laboratory into commercial use?A) In 1936.B) In the 1930's.C) During World War II.D) About a century ago.15. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the Hydroculture Incorporated ofGlendale?A) It is in Arizona.B) It operates about 248 greenhouses.C) Crop production there is excellent.D) It produces 2.7 million kilograms of vegetables and fruit each year.Passage TwoQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.16. We learn from the passage that _______.A) solar cookers have been used for hundreds of years since it was first made in the 17th centuryB) people use solar cookers only to cook foodC) a parabolic cooker is the best of the three kinds of solar cookersD) the first solar oven was made by a Swiss scientist17. Which of the three kinds of solar cookers is effective for slow cooking of large amounts offood?A) A box cooker.B) A panel cooker.C) A parabolic cooker.D) Not mentioned.18. Compared with a parabolic cooker, a panel cooker _______.A) costs moreB) needs more suppliesC) is easy to makeD) can cause eye injuriesPassage ThreeQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.19. When was the 1st Air Quality Conference held?A) 16 years ago.B) 20 years ago.C) 30 years ago.D) 32 years ago.20. When will the first set of workshop session begin?A) 10 a.m.B) 12 a.m.C) 1 p.m.D) 1:15 p.m.21. There is no smoking in the following EXCEPT_______.A) the workshop roomB) the hallsC) the Oak RoomD) the plenary sessionSection CIn this section you will hear several news items. Listen to the news items carefully and then answer the questions that follow.News Broadcast OneQuestions 22 to 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.22. According to the news item, the president approved_______.A) restart of some oil and gas operationsB) a release of oil from emergency suppliesC) the closure of processing centersD) a report of the full amount of the damage23. What have American drivers been urged to do?A) Not to use fuel.B) Use more natural gas.C) Use less fuel.D) Make oil into fuel.24. Many people are angry at _______.A) oil production cutB) gasoline shortage at some fuel stationsC) high prices of oil and gasolineD) attempts to profit from KatrinaNews Broadcast TwoQuestions 25 to 27 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. Which of the following is correct about the number of students studying outside their nativecountry?A) It rose by 8 percent in 2008.B) It has increased four-fold in the past 20 years.C) It has a 60 percent increase since 2000.D) It jumped by 21 percent in 2008.26. By 2025, the number of students being educated outside their home countries is expected to top_______.A) 17 billionB) 3 millionC) 8 millionD) 17 million27. We learn from the news item that _______.A) the number of international university students is on the riseB) most international students support themselves only with family fundsC) most international students are from ChinaD) most international students are doing coursework in the U.S.News Broadcast ThreeQuestions 28 to 29 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.28. According to the news, Katrina caused death and destruction in the following EXCEPT _______.A) New OrleansB) MississippiC) AlabamaD) Mexico29. According to the federal officials' report, how many homes and businesses remained withoutelectric power?A) More than 1,500,000.B) More than 15,000,000.C) More than 150,000.D) More than 5,000,000.News Broadcast FourQuestions 30 to 31 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.30. How many astronauts were aboard the shuttleAtlantis?A) Seven.B) Three.C) Twenty-four.D) Five.31. When did the astronauts talk to reporters?A) Over the last few days.B) On November 24.C) On Wednesday.D) On Friday.Part III Cloze ( 15 minutes )Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.Pub-talk, the most popular activity in all pubs, is a native dialect with its own (32)________ grammar. There are very few restrictions (33)________ what you can talk about in pubs: pub etiquette is concerned mainly with the form of your conversation, not the (34)________ . When a regular enters the pub, you will often hear a (35)________ of friendly greetings from other regulars, the publican and bar staff. The regular responds to each greeting, usually (36)________ the greeter by name or nickname. No one is conscious of obeying a rule or following a formula, (37)________ you will hear the same greetingritual in every pub in the country. Pub etiquette does not (38)________ the actual words to be used in this (39)________ and you may hear some inventive and idiosyncratic (40)________ . The words may not even be particularly polite. When you first enter a pub, don't just order a drink ¨C start by saying "Good evening" or "Good morning", with a friendly nod and a smile, to the bar staff and the regulars at the bar (41)________ . For most natives, this will (42)________ an automatic, reflex greeting-response, even if it is only a nod. Don't worry if the initial response is (43)________ reserved. By greeting before (44)________ , you have communicated friendly intentions. (45)________ this does not make you an "instant regular", it will be noticed, and your subsequent (46)________ to initiate contact will be received more (47)________ . You may well hear a lot of arguments in pubs ¨C arguing is the most popular (48)________ of regular pub-goers ¨C and some may seem to be quite heated. But pub-arguments are not like arguments in the real world. They are conducted in (49)________ with a strict (50)________ of etiquette which is based on the First Commandment of pub law: "Thou shalt not take things too (51)________ ."32. A) distinct B) distinctive C) individual D) diverse33. A) to B) of C) on D) with34. A) idea B) opinion C) fact D) content35. A) chorus B) chord C) chaos D) choke36. A) address B) addressing C) salute D) saluting37. A) and B) so C) yet D) thus38. A) declare B) echo C) define D) dictate39. A) argument B) exchange C) conversation D) interchange40. A) variants B) variables C) varieties D) variations41. A) counter B) stand C) table D) stool42. A) arouse B) trigger C) cause D) instigate43. A) pretty B) rather C) somewhat D) somehow44. A) drinking B) ordering C) talking D) sitting45. A) Although B) However C) Yet D) What's more46. A) intentions B) tempt C) attempts D) efforts47. A) acceptably B) favorably C) suitably D) desirably48. A) pursuit B) activity C) pastime D) hobby49. A) accord B) according C) accordance D) agreement50. A) code B) precept C) restriction D) regulation51. A) reasonably B) fairly C) sensibly D) seriouslyPart IV Vocabulary and Grammar ( 15 minutes )There are some sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.52. I am not used _______ like that.A) to being ordered aboutB) being ordered aboutC) to ordering aboutD) to order about53. In Professor Hubert's lessons, students do more than _______ attentively.A) listeningB) listenC) to listenD) listened54. _______ she needed some comfort, she decided not to wake him up at this hour of the day.A) Much thoughB) Much asC) As muchD) though much55. Do your work every day; _______, it will pile up.A) moreoverB) consequentlyC) thereforeD) otherwise56. It is one of the most successful books that _______ been published _______ 1950.A) has; sinceB) has; afterC) have; afterD) have; since57. He felt bored and decided to leave the party, _______ a miserable old man showed up andattracted his attention.A) whenB) whileC) untilD) since58. If it _______ too much trouble, I'd love some root beer.A) weren'tB) isn'tC) hasn't beenD) being59. It _______ 12 years since my daughter got her post-doctoral certificate.A) isB) beingC) hasD) should be60. This _______ girl is Joseph's cousin.A) pretty little SwedishB) Swedish little prettyC) Swedish pretty littleD) little pretty Swedish61. It wasn't _______ much his appearance I liked as his personality.A) thisB) thatC) veryD) so62. The man at the door is _______ his future father-in-law.A) not other thanB) other thanC) none other thanD) no one than63. The horse will be a first rate sprinter if its trainer breaks it _______ properly.A) upB) downC) throughD) in64. Ruth _______ received my letter; otherwise she would have replied by now.A) must haveB) should haveC) couldn't haveD) ought to have65. All the machines in question _______ by the end of this month.A) will be repairedB) will have been repairedC) will repairD) have been repaired66. _______ considered the alternatives more carefully, they would have realized that the secondchoice was even better.A) Had theyB) Have theyC) Had they beenD) If they have67. His suggestion is rational _______ the whole.A) inB) onC) fromD) as68. How could you _______ his mischievous behavior for all these years?A) tolerantB) toleranceC) tolerableD) tolerate69. Sometimes the _______ for an activity is simply not recognized and, in fact, may be disguised orrepressed.A) causeB) purposeC) aimD) motive70. We've already _______ a letter to the headquarters. The result will come out soon.A) dispatchedB) attachedC) detachedD) assigned71. He _______ his view that the interest rate should be lowered.A) got toB) saw toC) followed toD) held to72. Mariah is _______ getting the assignment finished on time.A) keen onB) interested inC) cautious aboutD) intent on73. Over the past 25 years, America has moved from a country that once shared its resources with theworld to one deeply in debt _______ foreign banks and countries.A) withB) inC) toD) of74. It is a great honor to _______ you on my first official visit to the Democratic People's Republic ofKorea.A) addressB) talkC) converseD) speak75. He resumed the story at the point where the previous author had _______.A) left behindB) left offC) left outD) left up76. Her kind offer of help was met with a flat _______.A) declineB) approvalC) disapprovalD) refusal77. My grandfather on my mother's side has already passed away ¨C the one you saw the other day ismy _______ grandpa.A) paternalB) parentalC) maternalD) fraternal78. Iranian Foreign Minister urged the members of the IAEA board of governors to _______ theirapproach toward Iran's "peaceful" nuclear program.A) verifyB) simplifyC) rectifyD) purify79. In the _______ interview, US Secretary of State talks about the turbulent times ahead and thestrategy to steer her country safely through.A) inclusiveB) exclusiveC) excessiveD) excluding80. It wasn't until his dad was put into an ambulance that the _______ of the night's events caught upwith Jason.A) magnitudeB) scopeC) sizeD) dimension81. A well-stocked spice rack can be one of the quickest ways to add _______ flavor to everydaydishes.A) distinguishedB) distinctiveC) specializedD) instinctivePart V Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes )In this section there are several passages followed by some questions or unfinished staments, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Markyour answers on your answer sheet.Text AMy mother's parents came from Hungary, but my grandfather was educated in Germany. Even though Hungarian was his native language, he preferred German to all the other languages he spoke. It seems he was able to hold a conversation in nine languages, but was most comfortable in German. Every morning, before going to his office, he read the German language newspaper, which was American owned and published in New York.My grandfather was the only one in his family to come to the United States. He still had relatives living in Europe. When the first World War broke out, he lamented the fact that if my uncle, his only son had to go, it would be cousin fighting against cousin. In the early days of the war, my grandmother implored him to stop taking the German newspaper and to take an English language paper instead. He scoffed at the idea, explaining that the fact that it was in German did not make it a German newspaper, but only an American newspaper, printed in German. But my grandmother insisted. So, under duress, he finally gave up the German newspaper.One day, the inevitable happened and my Uncle Milton received his draft notice. My Grandparents were very upset, but my mother, his little sister was ecstatic. Now she could brag about her soldier brother going off to war. She was ten years old and my uncle, realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends, went out and bought them all service pins, which meant that they had a loved one in the service. All the little girls were delighted. When the day came for him to leave, the whole regiment, in their uniforms, left together from the same train station. There was a band playing and my mother and her friends came to see him off. Each one wore her service pin and waved a small American flag, cheering the boys, as they left.The moment came and the soldiers, none of whom had had any training, but who had nevertheless all been issued uniforms, boarded the train. The band played and the crowd cheered. Although no one noticed, I'm sure my grandmother had a tear in her eye for the only son, going off to war. The train groaned as if it knew the destiny to which it was taking its passengers, but soon it began to move. The crowd still cheering and waving their flags, the band still playing, the train slowly departed the station. It had gone about a thousand yards when it suddenly ground to a halt. The band stopped playing, the crowd stopped cheering. Everyone gazed in wonder as the train slowly backed up and returned to the station. It seemed an eternity until the doors opened and the men started to file out. Someone shouted, "It's the armistice. The war is over." For a moment, nobody moved, but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers. The men lined up and formed into two lines, walked down the steps and, with the band in tow, playing a Sousa march, paraded down the street, as returning heroes, to be welcomed home by the assembled throng. As soon as the parade ended they were, immediately, mustered out of the army. My mother said it was a great day, but she was just a little disappointed that it didn't last a tiny bitlonger. The next day my uncle returned to his job, and my grandfather resumed reading the German newspaper, which he read until the day he died.82. How did grandfather feel about the war?A) He hated the war because German language newspaper was no longer sold.B) He felt sad because his son would fight against his cousin in the war.C) He would not like his son to fight in the war.D) He was lucky to be in the U.S. when the war broke out.83. Which of the following is true about the newspaper grandfather read every morning before goingto his office?A) It was about all the latest news from Germany.B) It was American owned, but printed in Germany.C) Grandmother urged him to stop reading it because she thought an English language paper wasbetter.D) Grandfather gave up the German newspaper against his will.84. We can infer from the passage that "draft notice" (Paragraph 3) is probably _______.A) an order to join the armyB) a piece of writing that gives informationC) a warning to people about something that is going to happenD) a written order for money to be paid by a bank85. What were the family members' attitudes toward the draft notice?A) All the family members felt depressed.B) The author's mother was agitated because her brother was going off to war.C) The author's mother was too young to understand the meaning of war.D) The author's uncle was very proud of it.86. Service pins (Paragraph 3) are most likely to be used for _______.A) indicating that one's relatives or friends are in military serviceB) showing one's loveC) decorationD) fastening together pieces of cloth87. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A) The train returned to the station because some soldiers had to get off the train.B) As soon as the train returned to the station, the soldiers were dismissed to go back home.C) The crowd didn't expect that the war had ended so fast.D) The author's mother was disappointed because her brother was mustered out of the army. Text BThe best advice I ever had came from one of the greatest souls the world has ever known ¨C Mahatma Gandhi ¨C on a sunny afternoon a decade ago. Most people pass through a period of anguish when their belief in humanity is at a low ebb. I was in such a period. My husband had recently died. My deep sorrow over his loss was followed by the humiliating realization that in the eyes of Indian Law I had no individual existence.Now as a widow without a son, I was not entitled to any share of the family property, nor were my two daughters. I resented this annoying position. I was bitter towards those members of my family who supported this antiquated law. At this time I went to pay my respects to Gandhi and say good-bye before leaving for America to take part in a conference. After our talk he asked "Have you made your peace with your relatives?"I was amazed that he would take sides against me. "I have not quarreled with anyone", I replied, "but I refuse to have anything to do with those who take advantage of an outworn law to create a difficult and humiliating situation for me."Gandhi looked out of the window for a moment. Then he turned to me and smiled and said, "You will go and say good-bye because courtesy and decency demand this. In India, we still attach importance to these things.""No," I declared, "not even to please you will I go to those who wish to harm me.""No one can harm you except yourself," he said, still smiling. "I see enough bitterness in your heart to cause you injury unless you check it." I remained silent, and he continued, "You are going to a new country because you are unhappy and want to escape. Can you escape from yourself? Will you find happiness outside when there is bitterness in your heart? Think it over. Be a little humble. You have lost a loved one ¨C that is sorrow enough. Must you inflict further injury on yourself because you lack courage to cleanse your own heart?"His words would not leave me. They gave me no peace. After some days of severe struggle with myself, I finally telephoned my brother-in-law. I would like to see him and the family, I said, before leaving. I told them of my plans and asked for their good wishes before starting on this new stage of my life. The effect on me was miraculous. I felt as if a great burden had been lifted and was free to be myself. This small gesture was the beginning of a significant change in me.Recently something happened to me. My guests of honour, the Prime Minister of Great Britain and Lady Eden, could hardly have been more important to me. I had planned everything meticulously, from the menu to the colour scheme of the flowers and the candles. When the guests had arrived and drinks had been passed twice, I signaled the butler to announce dinner. But still we waited. When for the third time drinks came round I excused myself and ran downstairs to the kitchen.It presented a shocking sight. In one corner stood a frightened little kitchen maid, in another the housekeeper. At the table sat my cook, waving a ladle and singing, beating time with his foot. His eyeswere glazed. The table was littered with pieces of chicken.My knees felt too weak to support me, but I asked in as normal a voice as I could command, "Why isn't the dinner ready?""But it is ready, Madame," my cook chanted. "All ready. Everybody sit down, sit down ¡-"I was furious. It was on the tip of my tongue to say "Get out. You're dismissed!" when I thought of the counsel that had calmed me so many times. If I lost control, I would only hurt myself. I pulled myself together. "Let's get something on the table," I said. Everyone pitched in. the food served wasn't quite what the menu described, but when I told my guests what had happened there was chorus of surprise. "If this is what your cook gives you when he's drunk," someone exclaimed, "what must he provide when sober!" The relief in my laughter must have sounded a little hysterical. My perspective restored, I realized that a dinner party, however important, is not the pivot of existence. To retain a sense of proportion is as important as being able to keep one's heart free from hatred. For all of us, no matter what our work, the advice Gandhi gave me is meaningful, "No one can harm you but yourself."88. Why was the author in anguish?A) Because she didn't believe in humanity any more.B) Because she missed her husband very much.C) Because she had lost her husband and she and her two daughters had no right to share thefamily property according to the Indian Law.D) Because she had broken the inheritance law and had an ill relationship with the other familymembers.89. Why did Mahatma Gandhi advise the author to go and say good-bye to her relatives?A) Because he was on the side of her relatives.B) Because he thought people should obey the law and conventions of the society.C) Because he thought bitterness in the heart could hurt her once more.D) Because people in India attached great importance to courtesy and decency.90. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A) The author made up her mind to call her brother-in-law immediately after her visit to MahatmaGandhi.B) The author felt a sense of relief after contacting her brother-in-law.C) Mahatma Gandhi's advice gave the author great courage to make the phone call for which shehad long planned.D) The author was haunted by the words of Mahatma Gandhi and she decided to obey the law ofIndia.91. What went wrong with the dinner she hosted for the Prime Minister of Great Britain and LadyEden?A) Her cook was drunk. Her housekeeper and the kitchen maid were too frightened to help.B) The kitchen maid and the housekeeper were beaten by her cook.。
(完整word版)英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案
英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案Our quarrel with efficiency is not that it gets things done,but that it is a thief of time when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy ourselves, and that it strains our nerves when we try toget things done perfectly. In building bridges, American engineers calculate so finely and exactly as to make the twoends come together within one-tenth of an inch. But when twoChinese begin to dig a tunnel from both sides of a mountainboth come out on the other side. --The Chinese’s firm belief is that it doesn ’t matter so long as a tunnel is dug through, and ifwe have two instead of one, why, we have a double track toboot.The pace of modern industrial life forbids this kind of glorious and magnificent idling. But, worse than that, it imposes upon us a different conception of time as measuredby the clock and eventually turns the human being into a clock himself. (This sort of thing is bound to come to China, as is evident, for instance, in the case of a factory of twenty thousand worker. The luxurious prospect of twenty thousandworkers coming in at their own sweet pleasure at all hours is,of course, somewhat terrifying.)Nevertheless, such efficiency iswhat makes life so hard and full of excitement. A man who hasto be punctually at a certain place at five o ’clock has the whole afternoon from one to five ruined for him already. Every American adult is arranging his time on the pattern of the schoolboy - three o ’clock for this, five o ’ clock for that, six-thirty for change of dress, six-fifty for entering the taxi, andseven o ’clock for arriving at the destination. It just makes lifenot worth living.1.The writer objects to efficiency mainly on thegrounds that it ____.A) entitles us to too much leisure time B)urges us to get things done punctually C)deprives us of leisure timeD) imposes on us a perfect concept of time2.In the eyes of the author, the introduction ofindustrial life gives rise to ____.A) the excitement of lifeB) magnificent idling of timeC) more emphasis on efficiencyD) terrifying schoolboy3.The passage tells us ____.A)Chinese workers come to work when it is convenientB)all Americans are forced to be efficient against their willC)Chinese engineers are on better terms with the managementD)Americans ought not to work so hard for efficiency4.The author believes that relaxing the rule ofpunctuality in factories would lead to ____.A) great confusionB) increased production C)a hard and exciting lifeD) successful completion of a tunnel5.What is implied but NOT stated by the author is that____.A) every American is arranging his time in the pattern of a schoolboyB) every American is reluctant to be efficientC)every one should have some time to spend as he pleasesD) being punctual is an undesirable habit which should not be formed答案：1.C)deprives us of leisure time 对应原文第一句 but that it is a thief of time when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy ourselves.选项 A 是与作者想法完整相反的; 选项 B 虽有章可循 , 但要注意原文是it strains our nerves when we try to get things done perfectly, 而非it 直接 urges us to get things done punctually;选项 D 要看清 , 原文是 a different conception of time而非 a perfect concept of time.The2.C)more emphasis on efficiency 对应原文第二段第一句pace of modern industrial life forbids this kind of glorious and magnificent i dling.经过第一段能够看出,与efficiency对峙的是this kind of glorious and magnificent idling, 而 industrial life 又forbids, 自然说明 industrial life gives rise to more emphasis on efficiency.3.D)Americans ought not to work so hard for efficiency. 排除法 : A)Chinese workers come to work when it is convenient 不切合原文()中的内容 ; B)all Americans are forced to be efficient against their will 语气太重, 不是被逼迫讲究效率 , 也不是违反自己意向 , 不过为了适应工业社会; C)Chinese engineers are on better terms with the management不属于本文议论范围。
英语四级阅读模拟试题及解析
英语四级阅读模拟试题及解析【英语四级阅读模拟试题及解析】1. Passage OneIn this passage, we will analyze a simulated CET-4 reading test and provide detailed explanations for the correct answers.Question 1: According to the passage, what is the purpose of the simulated CET-4 reading test?Explanation: The purpose of the simulated CET-4 reading test is to provide practice and preparation for the actual CET-4 exam. This test helps students familiarize themselves with the test format and evaluate their reading comprehension skills.Question 2: What is emphasized in the passage as important for success in the CET-4 reading test?Explanation: The passage emphasizes the importance of practicing regularly and developing effective reading strategies. It suggests that students should read a variety of texts, maintain a high level of concentration, and make use of skimming and scanning techniques to improve their reading speed and accuracy....2. Passage TwoIn the second passage, we will continue analyzing the simulated CET-4 reading test and provide further explanations for the correct answers.Question 6: According to Paragraph 3, how can students improve their vocabulary for the CET-4 reading test?Explanation: Paragraph 3 suggests that students can improve their vocabulary by actively engaging with English texts, such as looking up unfamiliar words in a dictionary, creating flashcards to review new words, and practicing using the words in context through writing or speaking exercises.Question 7: What should students do when they encounter a difficult question during the CET-4 reading test?Explanation: The passage advises students not to panic when encountering a difficult question. It suggests strategies such as reading the question carefully, re-reading the relevant part of the passage, and using logic and common sense to eliminate incorrect answer choices. It is important for students to manage their time effectively and not get stuck on a single question for too long....3. Passage ThreeIn the final passage, we will conclude the analysis of the simulated CET-4 reading test and summarize key points for success.Question 11: According to the passage, why is it important to practice with simulated reading tests?Explanation: The passage states that practicing with simulated reading tests allows students to become familiar with the test format, understand thetypes of questions they may encounter, and develop effective strategies. It helps reduce anxiety and build confidence, leading to better performance in the actual exam.Conclusion:In this analysis, we have reviewed a simulated CET-4 reading test and provided detailed explanations for the correct answers. We have highlighted the importance of regular practice, effective reading strategies, vocabulary improvement, and managing time during the test. By following these tips, students can enhance their reading comprehension skills and achieve success in the CET-4 exam.End of Article请注意，以上仅为文章中的一个小节示例。
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模拟试题(含答案)(08)_共5页
PART V READING COMPREHENSION[25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT AWe can begin our discussion of “population as global issue” with what most persons mean when they discuss “the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute, It was quite right to employ the analogy that likened demographic growth to “a long, thin powder fuse that burns steadily and haltingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes.”To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations have been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility in most places, but this was usually balanced by high mortality. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high mortality.Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8,000 BC.till approximately AD. 1650. In the first period of some 9600 years, the population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2000 there will be 6.2 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000BC and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world’s population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.1.Which of the following demographic growth pattern is most suitable for the long thin powder fuse analogy?A.A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population.B.A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase.C.Too many people on earth and a few rapid increase in the number added each year.D.A long period when death rates exceeds birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility and lowermortality.2.During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinction because___.A.only one in ten persons could live past 40.B.there was higher mortality than fertility in most places.C.it was too dangerous to have babies due to the poor conditions.D.our ancestors had little enthusiasm for more children.3.Which statement is true about population increase?A.There might be an increase of 2.2 billion persons from now to the year 2000.B.About 50,000 babies are born every six hours at present.C.Between 8000 BC and the present, the population increase is about 80,000,000 persons each year.D.The population increased faster between 8000BC and 1650 than between 1650 and the present.4.The author of the passage intends to___.A.warn people against the population explosion in the near future.pare the demographic growth pattern in the past with that after 1650.C.find out the cause for rapid increase in population in recent years.D.present us a clear and complete picture of the demographic growth.5.The word “demographic” in the first paragraph means___.A.statistics of human.B.surroundings study.C.accumulation of human.D.development of human.TEXT BChinese Americans today have higher incomes than Americans in general and higher occupational status. The Chinese have risen to this position despite some of the harshest discrimination and violence faced by any immigrants to the United States in the history of this country. Long confined to a narrow range of occupations they succeeded in those occupations and then spread out into other areas in later years, when opportunities finally opened up for them. Today much of the Chinese prosperity is due to the simple fact that they work more and have more (usually better) education than others. Almost one out of five Chinese families has three or more income earners compared to one out of thirteen for Puerto Ricans, one out of ten among American Indians, and one out of eight among Whites. When the Chinese advantages in working and educational are held constant, they have no advantage over other Americans. That is in a Chinese Family with a given number of people working and with a given amount of education by the head of the family, the income is not only about average for such families, and offer a little less than average.While Chinese Americans as a group are prosperous and well-educated Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, and illiteracy is much higher among the Chinese than among Americans in general. Those paradoxes are due to sharp internal differences. Descendants of the Chinese Americans who emigrated long ago from Toishan Province have maintained Chinese values and have added acculturation to American society with remarkable success. More recent Hong Kong Chinese are from more diverse cultural origins, and acquired western values and styles in Hong Kong, without having acquired the skills to proper and support those aspirations in the American economy. Foreign-born Chinese men in the United States are one-fourth lower incomes than native-born Chinese even though the foreign-born have been in the United States an average of seventeen years. While the older Hong Kong Chinese work tenaciously to sustain and advance themselves, the Hong Kong Chinese youths often react with resentment and antisocial behavior, including terrorism and murder. The need to maintain tourism in Chinatown causes the Chinese leaders to mute or downplay these problems as much as possible.6.According to the passage, today, Chinese Americans owe their prosperity to___.A.their diligence and better education than others.B.their support of American government.C.their fight against discriminations.D.advantages in working only.7.The passage is mainly concerned with___.A.chinese Americans today.B.social status of Chinese Americans today.C.incomes and occupational status of Chinese Americans today.D.problems of Chinese Americans today.8.Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, as is probably associated with___.A.most descendants of Chinese Americans are rebelling.B.most descendants of Chinese Americans are illiterate.C.sharp internal difference between Chinese coming from different cultural backgrounds.D.only a few Chinese Americans are rich.9.Which of the following statements is not true according to this articleA.As part of the minority, Chinese Americans are still experiencing discrimination in American today.B.Nowadays, Chinese Americans are working in wider fields.C.Foreign-born Chinese earn lower income than native-born Chinese Americans with the similar advantagesin the U.S.D.None of the above.10.According to the author, which of the following can best describe the older Hong Kong Chinese and theyoungerA.Tenacious; rebellion.B.Conservative; open-minded.C.Out-of-date; fashionable.D.Obedient; disobedient.TEXT CLet children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the languages he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught-to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle-compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end this nonsense of grades, exams, marks, Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.Let them get on with this job in the way that seems sensible to them. With our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learn something essential they will need to get in the world?” Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.11.What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?A.by copying what other people do.B.by making mistakes and having them corrected.C.by listening to explanations from skilled people.D.by asking a great many questions.12.What does the author think teachers do which they should not do?A.They give children correct answers.B.They point out children’s mistakes to them.C.They allow children to mark their own work.D.They encourage children to mark to copy from one another.13.The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are___.A.not really important skills.B.more important than other skills.C.basically different from learning adult skills.D.basically the same as learning other skills.14.Exams, grades, and marks should be abolished because children’s progress should only be estimated by___.cated persons.B.the children themselves.C.teachers.D.parents.15.The author fears that children will grow up into adults while being___.A.too independent of others.B.too critical of themselves.C.incapable to think for themselves.D.incapable to use basic skills.TEXT DComputers monitor everything in Singapore from soil composition to location of manholes. At the airport, it took just 15 seconds for the computerized immigration system to scan and approve my passport. It takes only one minute to be checked into a public hospital.By 1998, almost every household will be wired for interactive cable TV and the Internet, the global computer network. Shoppers will be able to view and pay for products electronically. A 24-hour community telecomputing network will allow users to communicate with elected representatives and retrieve information about government services. It is all part of the government’s plan to transform the nation into what it calls the “Intelligent Island”.In so many ways, Singapore has elevated the concept of efficiency to a kind of national ideology. For the past ten years, Singapore’s work force was rated the best in the world-ahead of Japan and the U.S.-in terms of productivity, skill and attitude by the Business Environment Risk Intelligence service.Behind the “Singapore miracle” is a man Richard Nixon described as one of “the ablest leaders I have met,” one who, “in other times and other places, might have attained the world stature of a Churchill.” Lee Kuan Yew led Singapore’s struggle for independence in the 1950s, serving as Prime Minister from 1959 until 1990. Today (1995), at 71, he has nominally retired to the office of Senior Minister, where he continues to influence his country’s future. Lee offered companies tax breaks, political stability, cheap labor and strike-free environment.Nearly 90 percent of Singaporean adults now own their own homes and thanks to strict adherence to the principle of merit, personal opportunities abound. “If you’ve got talent and work hard, you can be anything here,” says a Malaysian-born woman who holds a high-level civil-service position.Lee likes to boast that Singapore has avoided the “moral breakdown” of Western countries. He attributes his nation’s success to strong family ties, a reliance on education as the engine of advancement and social philosophy that he claims is superior to America’s.In an interview with Reader’s Digest, he said that the United States has “lost its bearings” by emphasizing individual rights at the expense of society. “An ethical society,” he said, “is one which matches human rights with responsibilities.”16.What characterizes Singapore’s advancement is its___.puter monitoring.B.work efficiency.C.high productivity.D.value on ethics.17.From Nixon’s perspective, Lee is___.A.almost as great as Churchill.B.not as great as Churchill.C.only second to Churchill in being a leader.D.just as great as Churchill.18.In the last paragraph, “lost its bearings” may mean___.A.become impatient.B.failed to find the right position.C.lost its foundation.D.grown band-mannered.19.“You can be anything here”(Paragraph 5) may be paraphrased as___.A.You can hope for a very bright prospect.B.You may be able to do anything needed.C.You can choose any job as you like.D.You will become an outstanding worker.20.In Singapore, the concept of efficiency___.A.has been emphasized throughout the country.B.has become an essential quality for citizens to aim at.C.is brought forward by the government in order to compete with America.D.is known as the basis for building the “Intelligent Island.”答案： 1-5 ABADA 6-10 ACCCA 11-15 ABDBC 16-20 DDBAB。
大学英语四级考试阅读分类模拟试卷(带答案)
大学英语四级考试阅读分类模拟试卷Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always in the 1 of a town. This street was lined on the both sides with 2 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered 3 . These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to 4 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking places were 5 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car driving customers 6 . And open space is what they got when the first shopping center was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls, 7 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 8 areas to outlying malls. And the growing 9 of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores, By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 10 of one-stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.A．designed B．take C．heart D．ne ededE．though F．convenience G．services H．fame I．various J．popularity K．cosmetics L．started M．downtown N．available O．cheapnessIn science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists envision the way an observed event could be 11 . A good example of this is found in the kinetic molecular theory (分子运动论), in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small 12 that are in constant motion. A 13 theory, in addition to explaining past observations, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been 14 , scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations do not 15 the predictions, the scientists must search 16 . There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected. Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves are notscience. As the mathematician Jules Henry Poincare said: "Science is 17 with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house." Most scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been 18 , the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires 19 imagination. Possible solutions to the problem are formulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses.In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown. It extends the scientist's thinking beyond the 20 facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs calculations, and makes observations to test hypotheses. For without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and direction. When confirmed, they are incorporated into theories.A．nearly B．useful C．considerable D ．considerateE．published F．publicized G．gathered H ．producedI．built J．made K．known L．confirmM．particles N．parts O．furtherSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Preparing For Computer DisastersA．Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate (怜悯，同情) over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequences—melted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra (祷文) of denial: "It won't happen to me." Well, the truth is, at some point you'll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn't be.B．Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they're even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a majorcalamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC．House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood or burn. That's because they keep their backups relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers—tucked away in a closet or even the garage—but they're not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D．There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with a choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn't add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in a pinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types—from CDs to Jazz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E．Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer CrisisF．Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids "rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it's important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that's more nuanced (有细微差别的) than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile (敏捷的). For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you'll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you'll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for DisasterG．When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it's the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.H．Life's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, don't wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.21、You should prepare for your computer disasters now and again.22、The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.23、For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.24、The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.25、You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.26、You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.27、Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.28、It's necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.29、The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.30、You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.Paper—More Than Meets The EyeA．We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades. It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.B．Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose (纤维)-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses, of whichpapyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodC．In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery and then boiled with strong alkalies (碱) such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.D．A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose, something called lignin (木质素). This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibers together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists (档案员) with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paper back books will have a life of not greater than fifty years. Not what we need for our archives.E．Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper?" The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications.F．It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive, but that is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid (酸) is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and in some cases simply vanish!G．So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.H．Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way. Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining oldshoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.Paper from RagI．Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper and card can contain undesirable additives. A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockist. Many water color artists insist on using only fine quality rag paper and board.J．The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.31、During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from a pulp of cellulose fibers.32、The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.33、There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superiority ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.34、Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because there is much less cotton and rag than trees.35、Lignin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.36、Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.37、In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.38、Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.39、What we can learn from "Paper from Rag" is that you had better buy archival materials from specialist suppliers.40、The lignin is commonly not removed from the paper, as the ligin-free paper will be more expensive.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneThe fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator."In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were nevertroubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed—natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling. What refrigeration did promote was marketing—marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.Consequently, most of the world's fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house—while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.The fridge's effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don't believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburger, but at least you'll get rid of that terrible hum.41、The statement "In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily." (Para. 2) suggests that ______.A．the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fiftiesB．the author was not accustomed to using fridges even in his fiftiesC．the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950sD．there was no fridge in the author's home in the 1950s42、Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?A．People would not buy more food than was necessary.B．Food was delivered to people two or three times a week.C．People had effective ways to preserve their food.D．Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily.43、Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author?A．Inventors. B．Manufacturers.C．Consumers. D．Traveling salesmen.44、Which of the following phrases in the fourth paragraph indicates the fridge's negative effect on the environment?A．With mild temperatures. B．Climatically almost unnecessary.C．Artificially-cooled space. D．Hum away continuously.45、What is the author's overall attitude toward fridges?A．Critical. B．Objective.C．Neutral. D．Compromising.I'm usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded thattoday's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.Why are America's kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation—brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.Given that we can't turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.At the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. It's not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn't have to ruin your life.46、The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people's state of mind are ______.A．surprising B．confusingC．illogical D．questionable47、What does the author mean when he says, "we can't turn the clock back" (Para. 3)?A．It's impossible to slow down the pace of change.B．The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.C．Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.D．It's impossible to forget the past.48、According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago ______.A．were less isolated physically B．were probably less serf-centeredC．probably suffered less from anxiety D．were considered less individualistic49、The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is ______.A．to provide them with a safer environmentB．to lower their expectations for themC．to get them more involved sociallyD．to set a good model for them to follow50、What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A．Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.B．Children's anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.C．Children's anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.D．Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.Passage TwoFood can be divided into two basic categories: real food and pleasure food. Real food is fuel for the body's needs, while pleasure food, which is high in fat and sugar, is primarily for taste satisfaction. The categories are pretty obvious. Broccoli (西兰花) is real food. Cookies are in the pleasure group.When you are hungry, you are faced with choices. If you aren't suffering from excessive hunger, you can be rational about them. Go to the refrigerator. What looks good? If you have chosen a real food, say, a turkey sandwich, you can be certain your body can use it for fuel. Eat it and enjoy.Two hours later you are hungry again. Back to the refrigerator. What looks good? Ice cream. Stop! Employ your will power just a little. Ice cream is not what your body needs. Does something else look good? Yes, a piece of toast with peanut butter and a glass of milk sound good too. Okay, go ahead, remembering that high-fat real foods should be eaten in moderation.One trick is to eliminate pleasure foods from your kitchen. Instead, keep a variety of high-quality foods available at all times. In short, buy lots of delicious real food, food you really like, and get rid of the junk.But what if you have ice cream on hand and nothing sounds good? Although you don't want to eat pleasure food whenever the urge strikes, there is a legitimate place for them in your diet. If you have analyzed your feelings and there are no other needs imitating hunger, eat the ice cream. You have not failed. On the contrary, you have accepted your natural appetite, but not blindly.Surprisingly, when you know you can eat anything you want, and that you never have to put up with unsatisfied hunger again, it takes a lot of pressure off. You will begin to want to eat what your body needs, and your body will begin to need foods that will lead to slimness.51、Which of the following statements is NOT true?A．The author is against getting rid of pleasure food altogether.B．One can eat the high-fat real foods heartily since it is fuel for the body.C．Make sure to keep pleasure food such as ice cream in your diet.D．Of course you can sometimes have ice cream if you really want to.52、What would be the best title for this passage?A．Real Food And Pleasure Food.B．Reducing Weight.C．Limit Your Consumption Of Pleasure Food.D．How To Choose Food When You Are Hungry.53、What can you assume from the last paragraph?A．Being able to eat anything doesn't necessarily imply pleasure.B．Real foods may lead to slimness.C．Eat only what your body needs.D．Be sure to satisfy your hunger whenever it strikes you.54、What can real food be except ______.A．ice cream B．cauliflowerC．a turkey sandwich D．a piece of toast55、Judging from the fourth paragraph, what does "junk" mean?A．Food like ice cream. B．Food you do not like.C．Pleasure foods. D．Low-quality foods.Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age.People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. "The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information," says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. "Most of us don't need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness." Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. "The point is, you need to do both," Cohen says. "Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size."56、People who are cognitively healthy are those ______.A．whose minds are alert and receptiveB．who are highly intelligentC．who can remember large amounts of informationD．who are good at recognizing different sounds57、According to Fozard's argument, people can make their brains work more efficiently by ______.A．constantly doing memory workB．making frequent adjustmentsC．going through specific trainingD．taking part in various mental activities58、The findings of James Fozard and other scientists in their work ______.A．remain a theory to be further proved。
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模拟试题(含答案)(08)_共5页
PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT AWe can begin our discussion of “population as global issue” with what most persons mean when they discuss “the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute, It was quite right to employ the analogy that likened demographic growth to “a long, thin powder fuse that burns steadily and haltingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes.”To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations have been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility in most places, but this was usually balanced by high mortality. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high mortality.Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8,000 BC.till approximately AD. 1650. In the first period of some 9600 years, the population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2000 there will be 6.2 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000BC and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world’s population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.1. Which of the following demographic growth pattern is most suitable for the long thin powder fuse analogy?A.A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population.B.A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase.C.Too many people on earth and a few rapid increase in the number added each year.D.A long period when death rates exceeds birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility and lowermortality.2.3. During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinction because___.A.only one in ten persons could live past 40.B.there was higher mortality than fertility in most places.C.it was too dangerous to have babies due to the poor conditions.D.our ancestors had little enthusiasm for more children.Which statement is true about population increase?A.There might be an increase of 2.2 billion persons from now to the year 2000.B.About 50,000 babies are born every six hours at present.C.Between 8000 BC and the present, the population increase is about 80,000,000 persons each year.D.The population increased faster between 8000BC and 1650 than between 1650 and the present.4.5. The author of the passage intends to___.A.warn people against the population explosion in the near future.pare the demographic growth pattern in the past with that after 1650.C.find out the cause for rapid increase in population in recent years.D.present us a clear and complete picture of the demographic growth.The word “demographic” in the first paragraph means___.A.statistics of human.B.surroundings study.C.accumulation of human.D.development of human.TEXT BChinese Americans today have higher incomes than Americans in general and higher occupational status.The Chinese have risen to this position despite some of the harshest discrimination and violence faced by any immigrants to the United States in the history of this country. Long confined to a narrow range of occupations they succeeded in those occupations and then spread out into other areas in later years, when opportunities finally opened up for them. Today much of the Chinese prosperity is due to the simple fact that they work more and have more (usually better) education than others. Almost one out of five Chinese families has three or more income earners compared to one out of thirteen for Puerto Ricans, one out of ten among American Indians, and one out of eight among Whites. When the Chinese advantages in working and educational are held constant, they have no advantage over other Americans. That is in a Chinese Family with a given number of people working and with a given amount of education by the head of the family, the income is not only about average for such families, and offer a little less than average.While Chinese Americans as a group are prosperous and well-educated Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, and illiteracy is much higher among the Chinese than among Americans in general. Those paradoxes are due to sharp internal differences. Descendants of the Chinese Americans who emigrated long ago from Toishan Province have maintained Chinese values and have added acculturation to American society with remarkable success. More recent Hong Kong Chinese are from more diverse cultural origins, and acquired western values and styles in Hong Kong, without having acquired the skills to proper and support those aspirations in the American economy. Foreign-born Chinese men in the United States are one-fourth lower incomes than native-born Chinese even though the foreign-born have been in the United States an average of seventeen years. While the older Hong Kong Chinese work tenaciously to sustain and advance themselves, the Hong Kong Chinese youths often react with resentment and antisocial behavior, including terrorism and murder. The need to maintain tourism in Chinatown causes the Chinese leaders to mute or downplay these problems as much as possible.6. According to the passage, today, Chinese Americans owe their prosperity to___.A.their diligence and better education than others.B.their support of American government.C.their fight against discriminations.D.advantages in working only.7.8. The passage is mainly concerned with___.A.chinese Americans today.B.social status of Chinese Americans today.C.incomes and occupational status of Chinese Americans today.D.problems of Chinese Americans today.Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, as is probably associated with___.A.most descendants of Chinese Americans are rebelling.B.most descendants of Chinese Americans are illiterate.C.sharp internal difference between Chinese coming from different cultural backgrounds.D.only a few Chinese Americans are rich.9. Which of the following statements is not true according to this articleA.As part of the minority, Chinese Americans are still experiencing discrimination in American today.B.Nowadays, Chinese Americans are working in wider fields.C.Foreign-born Chinese earn lower income than native-born Chinese Americans with the similar advantagesin the U.S.D.None of the above.10. According to the author, which of the following can best describe the older Hong Kong Chinese and theyoungerA.Tenacious; rebellion.B.Conservative; open-minded.C.Out-of-date; fashionable.D.Obedient; disobedient.TEXT CLet children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the languages he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught-to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle-compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end this nonsense of grades, exams, marks, Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.Let them get on with this job in the way that seems sensible to them. With our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learn something essential they will need to get in the world?” Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.11. What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?A.by copying what other people do.B.by making mistakes and having them corrected.C.by listening to explanations from skilled people.D.by asking a great many questions.12. What does the author think teachers do which they should not do?A.They give children correct answers.B.They point out children’s mistakes to them.C.They allow children to mark their own work.D.They encourage children to mark to copy from one another.13. The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are___.A.not really important skills.B.more important than other skills.C.basically different from learning adult skills.D.basically the same as learning other skills.14. Exams, grades, and marks should be abolished because children’s progress should only be estimated by___.cated persons.B.the children themselves.C.teachers.D.parents.15. The author fears that children will grow up into adults while being___.A.too independent of others.B.too critical of themselves.C.incapable to think for themselves.D.incapable to use basic skills.TEXT DComputers monitor everything in Singapore from soil composition to location of manholes. At the airport, it took just 15 seconds for the computerized immigration system to scan and approve my passport. It takes only one minute to be checked into a public hospital.By 1998, almost every household will be wired for interactive cable TV and the Internet, the global computer network. Shoppers will be able to view and pay for products electronically. A 24-hour community telecomputing network will allow users to communicate with elected representatives and retrieve information about government services. It is all part of the government’s plan to transform the nation into what it calls the “Intelligent Island”.In so many ways, Singapore has elevated the concept of efficiency to a kind of national ideology. For the past ten years, Singapore’s work force was rated the best in the world-ahead of Japan and the U.S.-in terms of productivity, skill and attitude by the Business Environment Risk Intelligence service.Behind the “Singapore miracle” is a man Richard Nixon described as one of “the ablest leaders I have met,”one who, “in other times and other places, might have attained the world stature of a Churchill.” Lee Kuan Yew led Singapore’s struggle for independence in the 1950s, serving as Prime Minister from 1959 unt il 1990. Today (1995), at 71, he has nominally retired to the office of Senior Minister, where he continues to influence his country’s future. Lee offered companies tax breaks, political stability, cheap labor and strike-free environment.Nearly 90 percent of Singaporean adults now own their own homes and thanks to strict adherence to the principle of merit, personal opportunities abound. “If you’ve got talent and work hard, you can be anything here,”says a Malaysian-born woman who holds a high-level civil-service position.Lee likes to boast that Singapore has avoided the “moral breakdown” of Western countries. He attributes his nation’s success to strong family ties, a reliance on education as the engine of advancement and social philosophy that he claims is superior to America’s.In an interview with Reader’s Digest, he said that the United States has “lost its bearings” by emphasizing individual rights at the expense of society. “An ethical society,” he said, “is one which matches human rights with respo nsibilities.”16. What characterizes Singapore’s advancement is its___.puter monitoring.B.work efficiency.C.high productivity.D.value on ethics.17. From Nixon’s perspective, Lee is___.A.almost as great as Churchill.B.not as great as Churchill.C.only second to Churchill in being a leader.D.just as great as Churchill.18. In the last paragraph, “lost its bearings” may mean___.A.become impatient.B.failed to find the right position.C.lost its foundation.D.grown band-mannered.19. “You can be anything here”(Paragraph 5) may be paraphrased as___.A.You can hope for a very bright prospect.B.You may be able to do anything needed.C.You can choose any job as you like.D.You will become an outstanding worker.20. In Singapore, the concept of efficiency___.A.has been emphasized throughout the country.B.has become an essential quality for citizens to aim at.C.is brought forward by the government in order to compete with America.D.is known as the basis for building the “Intelligent Island.”答案：1-5 ABADA 6-10 ACCCA 11-15 ABDBC 16-20 DDBAB。