2020年西安外国语大学英语语言文学考研备考攻略(含真题)
外国语言文学考研备考秘籍与技巧分享
外国语言文学考研备考秘籍与技巧分享考研备战是每个外国语言文学专业考生都要面对的挑战，而如何高效备考、提升自己的综合能力则成为备考过程中最为关键的问题。
本文将分享一些备考秘籍和技巧，帮助考生更好地备战考研。
一、了解考试大纲与命题特点在备考之前，了解考试大纲和命题特点是非常重要的。
考试大纲是备考的依据，通过仔细研读考试大纲，可以明确考试的内容范围和重点，有利于合理安排备考时间和精力。
同时，了解考试命题特点可以帮助考生更好地预测可能的考题类型和命题思路，从而提前做好针对性的备考准备。
二、制定科学备考计划备考需要有一个合理的计划，才能高效有序地进行。
根据考试大纲和个人情况，制定科学的备考计划很重要。
可以根据每个阶段的时间、内容和难度，将备考任务划分为小目标，并设定明确的时间节点。
在备考过程中，要注意合理分配各科目的学习时间，保证每个科目的复习与训练兼顾，避免偏科。
三、查找并分析历年真题历年真题是备考的宝贵资源，通过分析历年真题，可以洞察考试的命题规律和趋势。
首先要仔细阅读、理解和总结历年真题，然后将真题进行分类，分析其出题思路、重点考点和难度分布。
可以针对历年真题中的经典题目，制定相应的解题策略，并结合新的考试动向进行备考调整。
四、注重基础知识复习与强化训练外国语言文学考研需要对语言学、文学理论等专业基础知识进行全面复习和掌握。
在复习过程中，重点关注大纲中要求的重点内容和考点，进行有针对性的学习和复习。
同时，通过大量的习题训练和模拟考试，检验自己对基础知识的掌握情况，并不断强化重点、难点知识的学习与训练。
五、多维度拓展阅读与积累词汇外语考试对于阅读理解和词汇量的要求较高，因此，在备考之前，要注重拓展阅读能力和积累词汇。
可以通过阅读报纸、杂志、学术论文等文献，拓宽自己的阅读领域，培养对不同文体和题材的理解能力。
同时，要利用各类学习资源，如词汇书籍、词根词缀表等，有针对性地扩大词汇量，记忆和应用各类常用单词和短语。
西安外国语大学考研真题—西安外国语学院试题目录清单
西安外国语学院语言学及应用语言学③318语言学2023年年④418现代汉语2023年年英语语言文学213二外法语2001-2002，2004-2023年年214二外德语2002-2023年年215二外日语2001-2023年年③311英语专业基础2001-2002，2023年年基础英语2003-2004英语专业综合2003-2023年年翻译与写作2002英语翻译2001英语写作2001俄语语言文学213二外法语2001-2002，2004-2023年年214二外德语2002-2023年年215二外日语2001-2023年年③312俄语基础2023年年④412俄语综合2023年年法语语言文学214二外德语2002-2023年年215二外日语2001-2023年年③313法语基础2023年年④413法语综合2023年年德语语言文学213二外法语2001-2002，2004-2023年年215二外日语2001-2023年年第 1 页/共 2 页③314基础德语2023年年④414德语综合（含翻译与写作）2023年年日语语言文学213二外法语2001-2002，2004-2023年年214二外德语2002-2023年年③315日语基础2023年年④415日语综合（含日语翻译与写作）2023年年外国语言学及应用语言学213二外法语2001-2002，2004-2023年年214二外德语2002-2023年年215二外日语2001-2023年年③311英语专业基础2001-2002，2023年年基础英语2003-2004英语专业综合2003-2023年年④422英语专业综合（商务英语方向）2004-2023年年(2004有答案)翻译与写作2002英语翻译2001英语写作2001人文地理学③317区域经济学2023年年④417综合考试（含人文地理学概论、旅游地理学、城市地理学）2023年年旅游管理③321管理学原理2023年年④421综合考试（含旅游学概论、旅游经济学、中国历史文化）2023年年。
20届西安外国语学科英语考研“二战”跨考如何上岸初试430分经验分享
20届西安外国语学科英语考研“二战”跨考如何上岸?初试430分经验分享我是一名跨专业的非应届“半二战”考生，本科西外国贸专业，已毕业多年。
第一次报考的也是西安外国语大学学科英语专业，但是由于各种原因并没有复习，所以首战落榜。
一战裸考初试262 分(政治：53 分，英语：85 分，333：96 分，452: 28 分)二战初试430 分(政治：79 分，英语：85 分，333：123 分，452：143 分)我在考研初期查阅了大量的相关经验贴，从中获得了不少指引和启发，受益良多。
所以写下此文作为回馈，希望我的复习经历与教训结合你的思考会对你的复习有所帮助。
复习过程：政治：我是理科生，政治零基础，所以政治开始的早2 月底至考前，花的精力比较多。
复习资料：肖秀荣1000 全套资料+徐涛考研政治公众号+考虫政治冲刺资料+自己整理的错题和口诀基础阶段：看肖秀荣精讲精练+做相应章节的1000 题，1000 题第一遍强化阶段：1000 题第二遍，徐涛的优题库做了一遍，历年真题，错题整理，容易混淆的易错点编成口诀。
冲刺阶段：1000 题第三遍(只做了马原和毛中特部分，后面的没做完)，徐涛老师11月在公众号分享的为期一个月的背诵资料每天跟着读熟+肖秀荣8套卷+4 套卷+考虫政治冲刺资料+错题整理到本子上收获最大：整理错题，助记口诀，考前一定要把错题集看一遍，我在考场上发现好几道选择题刚好是我整理过的。
英语二：基础较好，所花精力最少。
复习资料：考研英语高频词+张剑英语历年真题+何凯文考研英语公众号+旺仔每天读作文公众号+十二天突破英汉翻译词汇：18 年下载了乐词App，跟着新东方的背单词对赌营跟了两期(不喜欢背单词，为了强迫自己)这也为我打下了坚实的词汇基础。
真题：真题掐时间做了两三遍，错题看解析弄清楚(帮助很大)。
阅读：何凯文的每日一句我是每天抄写到本子上，坚持下来会有收获，但这位老师的讲课风格我个人不太喜欢，没有买过任何课。
2020年西安外国语大学学科教学(英语)考研备考经验
2020年西安外国语大学学科教学（英语）考研备考经验专业介绍招生专业：学科教学(英语)研究方向：01(全日制)基础教育英语课程改革02(全日制)中小学英语教学03(全日制)英语教师专业发展考试科目：①101思想政治理论（全国统考）②204英语二（全国统考）③333教育综合④452外语教学与研究参考书：333 教育综合《教育学》人民教育出版社 2009 王道俊、郭文安《中国教育史》华东师范大学出版社 2009 孙培青《外国教育史》教育科学出版社 2008 张斌贤《教育心理学》高等教育出版社 2005 陈琦、刘儒德452外语教学与研究《英语教学法教程》（第2版）高等教育出版社 2006 王蔷《新编语言学教程》外语研究与教学出版社 2006 刘润清历年复试分数线2019年西外学科教学（英语）：364(录取50人）2018年西外学科教学（英语）：372（录取55人）2017年西外学科教学（英语）：356（44/66）（录取51人）考研经验分享院校选择问题：西安有本专业的院校有陕西师范大学和西安外国语，陕师大每年报考人数差不多1300+录取人数50左右。
西外相对来说参考人数不是很多，但是对于语言院校来说，本专业也是西外的优势专业。
在教育硕士中，不论哪个院校，报考学科英语和语文的人数是最多的，分数线逐年递增，对于很多高分被刷的同学很难调剂。
所以，当你打算报考这个专业的时候，一定要坚持住相信自己一定可以，没有后路。
关于333333的考试内容包括中国教育史、外国教育史、教育学和教育心理学四本书。
西外的研招网上有公布具体要求的版本和作者。
这四本教材我建议是要购买的，但不建议一开始就从头到尾细看、做笔记。
因为我去年一开始就是这样，后来发现这样做是很浪费时间的，我把这几本书细看完都已经到6月份了，到后来背的时间太少，导致上考场的时候东西没完全背熟，还是很忐忑的。
我的建议是大家在购买教材的同时可以报新祥旭的一对一专业课课程。
2021西安外国语大学英语语言文学考研参考书真题经验
西安外国语大学——英语语言文学本人报考的是西安外国语大学的英语语言文学，已经被成功录取，所以来分享一下我的复习经验。
这一年得到过很多人的帮助，尤其是认识的一位学姐。
出成绩到复试结束。
没想到自己竟然是如此的内心平静。
本以为会感动的哭起，周围的同学比我更加激动。
本人文笔平平，写作逻辑不太严谨。
所以接下来的自述大家凑合点看吧。
选择文学并不是因为对文学有多么的感兴趣和热爱，主要是对其它兴趣更无。
学硕主要有英语语言文学，外国语言学及应用语言学（枯燥），专硕，学科教育和翻译硕士，其实自己的兴趣所在是国家文化，好在后来在官网上看到西外的这个专业有7个方向：美国文学，英国文学，跨文化交际，文艺学，美国政治研究，英语国家研究。
还有一个忘了，然后很幸运包括我喜欢的英语国家研究。
外语类院校一般方向比较多，我所了解的中南好像只有美国和英国文学这两个方向。
所以大家要在学校官网上了解清楚。
毕竟找到自己喜欢的方向，之后的学习才有动力。
我大约是在4到5月份期间选好了学校，西外的选择也是多亏了我提到的那个学姐，当时因为真的没有一点思路。
然后就让学姐给我拍了一些这个学校的真题，接下来就开始了西外的备考。
西外的英语语言文学的基英大概就是专八或低于专八水平。
文学专业课只考文学。
大家要注意的是有的学校文学是考试综合。
也就是文学，语言学，概况各占50％。
日语最坑，历年的日语真题难度都不小。
所以备考的时候都因为日语崩溃过。
但是从2017年日语难度减小（2017没有公布真题），2018的日语题目吓到了。
因为真的很简单，语法选择几乎没有遇到一道N3的题，但是最后是一道让写summary的新题型，尽管有难度减小的倾向。
但是也要按照官网上的参考书到新标中级上册复习。
考研大多都是背的东西。
黄金准则背背背背背，所以不太建议开始太早，一般暑假前把选学校，参考书之类的准备好就OK了。
政治更是后期的工作，本来就是无用的东西，更没有必要现在去看。
先背李凡政治新时器也行。
西安外国语大学学科教学(英语)考研经验
西安外国语大学学科教学（英语）考研经验分享1-2月看书，333的教材，我是四本书都买了，包括教原教心和中外教史，后来我发现教育史的书太过繁琐，考试时候根本用不到，所以就转手了，所以这里只建议大家买教原和教心，并且寒假一定要看完一遍，有一个初步的理解。
3-6月重复看书（333和452），形成自己的452笔记并不断完善笔记。
从我的经验来看，不要太早开始背书！死记硬背只会让你的复习事倍功半，重复看书，看不同的资料书书，看相关的名著书（爱弥儿和教育漫话），每看一遍都会让你有新的理解，只有这样在你开始背的时候才不会觉得难啃。
这时候也要开始看视频课了，452要有重点的形成自己的笔记，也要像333一样不断地看书，形成自己深刻的理解。
7-8月开始背书333和452一轮，452我通常是背一章就默写一章。
政治想拿一个不错分数的可以开始准备了，要买好一千题每天的任务就是看书刷视频做习题。
另外英语一和英语二的真题要开始刷了，考前不能停，保持一个手感，可以说，阅读在英语二占分最少60分，我每天大概就是花半小时练两篇阅读，那么暑假结束时我的英语一阅读已经刷完一遍了，英语二除了作文其他的题型也都刷完一遍了。
9月完成333和452二轮，452继续默写，我一般每天抽出晚上睡前的30-60分钟时间默写。
10月完成333和452的三轮和四轮，452继续默写也就是说半个月就要完成一轮的背诵了，像我之前每天只被一章的现在开始教原教心每天各背一章了。
对了，我的一轮二轮背书顺序是教原-教心-中教史-外教史，其实也是按照他们的重要性顺序来背的。
11月就要每十天背诵一轮了，具体怎么设计因人而异吧，也就是说咱们11月要背诵完七轮，另外，之前一直没有关注过333的默写，那么11月我是加入了一个学姐的冲刺班，每天大概默写6道题左右，333和452各3道，练习的都是重点题目，毕竟考试将近嘛，，咱们该紧张起来了。
政治的背诵也要开始了，大家以关注一下徐涛老师的微博，老师11月会每天带着大家背诵分析题的考点，我就是因为11月颓了没有跟紧进度所以政治不是太理想，大家一定要加油奥。
西安外国语大学翻译硕士考试试题
西安外国语大学2011年翻译硕士专业学位研究生招生试题科目：翻译硕士英语（代码：211）A卷注意事项：1. 请核对本场考试科目及代码与你所报考专业的考试安排是否一致。
2. 请一定使用黑色、蓝色钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔，铅笔答题无效。
3. 请在专业答题纸上的规定区域清楚地填写自己的姓名和准考证号码。
4. 请按照考题顺序在专业答题纸上依次作答，在试卷上答题无效。
5. 本科目总分为100分，答题时间为3小时，请掌握好答题时间。
6. 考试结束后，请将试题和答题纸一并装入考试专用试题袋，并及时交回。
Task One: Vocabulary and Grammatical StructureSection ADirections: This section is designed to test your ability tointerpret the meanings of words in different contexts. Read each of the following sentences carefully and select one word or phrase from the four choices that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in each sentence, and then write your answer on the Answer Sheet. (20%)1. Psychologists have done extensive studies of how well patients comply with doctors orders.[A] obey [B] understand[C] improve with [D] agree with2. Stars are composed of intensely hot gases and derive their energy from nuclear reactions occurring in the interiors.[A]extremely [B]uniformly[C]explosively [D] continually3. From1775 to 1776 the Americans undertook an unsuccessful campaign against the British in Canada.[A] wage [B] headed[C] Paid for [D] attended to4. Because of its old mannerisms, the praying mantis has always intrigued human beings.[A]fascinate [B]aggravated[C]offended [D]terrified5. Industrial self-sufficiency in the United States developed simultaneously with the mass production of textiles in New England.[A]smoothly [B]concurrently[C]effectively [D]spontaneously6. The initial appearance of the silver three-cent piece coincided with thefirst issue of three-cent stamps in 1851.[A] occurred at the same time as [B] collided with[C] was necessitated by [D] was similar to7. Chicago’s O’ Hare International Airport accommodates forty-four million passengers per year.[A] amazes [B] lures[C] handles [D] counts8. Regional planning deals with proposals concerning outlying communities and highways as well as with urban affairs.[A] outlandish [B] exclusive[C] exempted [D] remote9. The introduction of the bus signaled the eventual demise of the trolley car as a form of travel.[A] designation [B] mechanization[C] disappearance [D] friskiness10. In Silent Spring, Rachel Carson forcefully decried the indiscriminate use of pesticides.[A] haphazard [B] unpleasant[C] regional [D] periodic11.After its founding, the United States government followed a policy explicitly designed to aid national shipping.[A] prematurely [B] economically[C] specifically [D] proudly12.Before social inequality can be alleviated, its principal causes must be diagnosed.[A] denounced [B] relieved[C] analyzed [D] controlled13. Astronauts are subjected to the most rigorous training that has ever been devised for human beings.[A] demanded [B] created[C] diagnosed [D] allowed14. Weight lifting is the gymnastic sport of lifting weights in a prescribed manner.[A] vigorous [B] popular[C] certain [D] careful15. Project Skylab was designed to demonstrate that a person can work and live inspace for prolonged periods without ill effects[A] unexpected [B] obvious[C] adverse [D] immediate16. Plays that entail direct interaction between actor and audience present no unusual difficulties for actors.[A] advocate [B] involve[C] elicit [D] exaggerate17. Since speech is such a familiar activity, it is often regarded as a universal endowment.[A] event [B] habit[C] trait [D] gift18. In the Pacific Northwest, as climate and topography vary, so do the species that prevail in the forests.[A] rebuild [B] invade[C] dominate [D] tend19. In North America, the first canoes were constructed from logs and propelled by means of wooden pad.[A] carved [B] docked[C] driven forward [D] carried upright20. United States citizens are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining incidence of tooth decay.[A] treatment [B] consequences[C] occurrence [D] misfortuneSection BDirections: In each of the following sentences, some part of the sentence or the whole is underlined. Rephrase the underlined part so as to express most effectively what is presented in the original sentence. Your correction should be dear and exact, without awkwardness, ambiguity or redundancy. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (10%)21. Credit cards are now accepted in exchange for many goods and services around the world and in some countries, like the Americans, is used even more widely than cash.22. Scholars recognized immediately that thelanguage experiments in Finnegan’s Wake are different than any other novel.23. When it rains outside, most parents prefer small children to play indoors.24. Required by law to register by the end of the year, the post office was crowded with legal aliens attempting to comply with the law before the deadline.25. In the past few years, significant changes have take place in the organization of our economy that will profoundly affect thecharacter of our labor unions as well as influencing consumer and industrial life.Task Two: Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: Read the following two texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]; write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (20%)Text1The ancient Greeks and the Chinese believed that we first clothed our bodies for some physical reason, such as protecting ourselves fromthe elements. Ethnologists and psychologists have invoked psychological reasons: modesty, taboo, magical influence, or the desire to please. Anthropological research indicates that thefunction of the earliest clothing was to carry objects. Our hunting-gathering ancestors had to travel great distances to obtain food. For the male hunters, carrying was much easier if they were wearingsimple belts or animal skins from which they could hang weapons and tools. For the female gatherers, more elaborate carrying devices were necessary. Women had to transport collected food back to the settlement and also had to carry babies, so they required bags or slings.Another function of early clothing-providing comfort and protection—probably developed at the same time as utility. As human beings multiplied and spread out from the warm lands in which they evolved, they covered their bodies more and more to maintain body warmth. Today, we still dress to maintain warmth and to carry objects in our clothes. And like our hunting-gathering ancestors, most men stillcarry things on their person, as if they still needed to keep their arms free for hunting, while women tend to have a separate bag for carrying, as if they were still food-gatherers. But these twofunctions of clothing are only two of many uses to which we put the garments that we wear today.There is a clear distinction between attire that constitutes “clothing” and attire that is more aptly termed “costume”. We might say that clothing has to do with covering the body, and costume concerns the choice of a particular form of garment for a particular purpose. Clothing depends primarily on such physical conditions as climate, health, and textile, while costume reflects social factors such as personal status, religious beliefs, aesthetics, and the wishto be distinguished from or to emulate others.Even in early human history, costume fulfilled a function beyond that of simple utility. Costume helped to impose authority or inspire fear.A chieftain’s costume embodied attributes expressing his power,while a warrior’s costume enhanced h is physical superiority and suggested he was superhuman. Costume often had a magical significance such as investing humans with the attributes of other creatures through the recent times, professional or administrative costume is designed to distinguish the wearer and to express personal or delegated authority. Costume communicates the status of the wearer, and with very few exceptions, the aim is to display as high a status as possible. Costume denotes power, and since power is often equated with wealth, costume has come to be an expression of social class andmaterial prosperity.A uniform is a type of costume that serves the important function of displaying membership in a group: school, sports team, occupation, or armed force. Military uniform denotes rank and is intended not onlyto express group membership but also to protect the body and to intimidate. A soldier’s uniform says. “I am part of a powerful machine, and when you deal with me, you deal with my whole organization.” Uniforms are immediate beacons of power and authority. If a person needs to display power—a police officer, for example—then the body can be virtually transformed. Height can be exaggerated with protective headgear, thick clothing can make the body look broader and stronger, and boots can enhance the power of the legs. Uniforms also convey low social status; at the bottom of the scale, the uniform of the prisoner denotes membership in the society of convicted criminals.Religious costume signifies spiritual or superhuman authority and possesses a significance that identifies the wearer with a belief or god. A successful clergy has always displayed impressive investmentsof one kind or another that clearly demonstrate the religiousleader’s dominant status.26. According to the passage, what aspect of humanity’s hunting-gathering past is reflected in the clothing of today?[A]People cover their bodies because of modesty.[B]Most men still carry objects on their person.[C] Women like clothes that are beautiful and practical.[D]Men wear pants, but women wear skirts or pants.27. Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?[A] Clothing serves a physical purpose, while costume has a personal, social,or psychological function.[B] We like clothing to fit our body well,but different costumes fitdifferently depending on the purpose.[C] Both clothing and costume are types of attire, but it is often difficult to distinguish between them.[D] People spend more time in choosing special costumes than they do inselecting everyday clothing.28. It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that the author most likely believes whichof the following about costume?[A] We can learn about a society’s social structure by studying costume.[B] Costume used to serve a simple function, but now it is very complex.[C] The main purpose of costume is to force people to obey their leaders.[D] Costume is rarely a reliable indicator of a person’s material wealth.29. Why does the author discuss the police offic er’s uniform in paragraph 5?[A] To describe the aesthetic aspects of costume.[B] To identify the wearer with a hero.[C] To suggest that police are superhuman.[D] To show how costume conveys authority.30. All of the following are likely to be indicated by a person’s costume except[A] playing on a football team.[B] being a prisoner[C] having a heart condition.[D] leading a religious ceremony.Text2The founders of the Republic viewed their revolution primarily in political rather than economic or social terms. And they talked about education as essential to the public good—a goal that took precedence over knowledge as occupational training or self-improvement. Over and over again, the Revolutionary generation, both liberal and conservative in outlook, asserted its conviction that the welfare of the Republic rested upon an educated citizenry and that schools, especially free public schools, would be the best means of educating the citizenry in civic values and the obligations required of everyone in a democratic republican society. All agreed that the principal ingredients of a civic education were literacy and the inculcation of patriotic and moral virtues, some others adding the study of history and the study of principles of the republican government itself.The founders, as was the case of almost all their successors, were long on exhortation and rhetoric regarding the value of civiceducation, but they left it to the textbook writers to distill the essence of those values for school children. Texts in Americanhistory and government appeared early as the 1790s. The textbook writers turned out to be very largely of conservative persuasion, more likely Federalist in outlook than Jeffersonian, and almost universally agreed that political virtue must rest upon moral and religious precepts. Since most textbook writers were New Englanders, this means that the texts were infused with Protestant and, above all, Puritan outlooks.In the first half of the Republic, civic education in the schools emphasized the inculcation of civic values and made little attempt to develop participatory political skills. That was a task left to incipient political parties, town meetings, churches, and the coffeeor alehouses where men gathered for conversation. Additionally, as a reading of certain federalist papers of the period would demonstrate, the press probably did more to disseminate realistic as well as partisan knowledge of government than the schools. The goal of education, however, was to achieve a higher form of un um for the new Republic. In the middle half of the nineteenth century, the political values taught in the public and private schools did not change substantially from those celebrated in the first years of the Republic. In the textbooks of the day, their rosy hues if anything became golden. To the resplendent values of liberty, equality, and a benevolent Christian morality were now added the middle-class virtues—especially of New England—of hard work, honesty and integrity, the rewards of individual effort, and obedience to parents and legitimate authority. But of all the political values taught in school, patriotism was preeminent; and whenever teachers explained to school children why they should love their country above all else,the idea of liberty assumed pride of place.31. The passage deals primarily with the[A] content of early textbooks on American history and government.[B] role of education in late 18th- and early to mid-19th-century America.[C] influence of New England Puritanism on early American values.[D] establishment of universal, free public education in America.32. According to the passage, the founders of the Republic regarded education primarily as[A] a religious obligation. [B] a private matter[C] a matter of individual choice. [D] a political necessity.33. The author states that textbooks written in the middle part of the nineteenth century[A] departed radically in tone and style from earlier textbooks.[B] mentioned for the first time the value of liberty.[C] treated traditional civic virtues with even greater reverence.[D] were commissioned by government agencies.34. Which of the following would LEAST likely have been the subject of an early American textbook?[A] the American Revolution.[B] patriotism and other civic virtues[C] principles of American government.[D] vocational education35. The author implies that an early American Puritan would likely insist that[A] moral and religious values are the foundation of civic virtue.[B] textbooks should instruct students in political issues of vital concern to the community.[C] textbooks should give greater emphasis to the value of individual liberty than to the duties of patriotism.[D] private schools with a particular religious focus are preferable to public schools with no religious instruction.Section BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions that follow. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (15%)The Greenhouse Effect and Global WarmingCarbon dioxide and other naturally occurring gases in the earth’s atmosphere create a natural greenhouse effect by trapping and absorbing solar radiation. These gases act as a blanket and keep the planet warm enough for life to survive and flourish. The warming of the earth is balanced by some of the heat escaping from the atmosphere back into space. Without this compensating flow of heat out of the system, the temperature of the earth’s surface and its atmosphere would rise steadily.Scientists are increasingly concerned about a human-driven greenhouseeffect resulting from a rise in atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping greenhouse gases. The man-made greenhouse effect is the exhalation of industrial civilization. A major contributing factor is the burning of large amounts of fossil fuels—coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Another is the destruction of the world’s forests, which reduces the amount of carbon dioxide converted to oxygen by plants. Emissions of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, nitrous oxide, and methane from human activities will e nhance the greenhouse effect, causing the earth’s surface to become warmer. The main greenhouse gas, water vapor, will increase in response to global warming and further enhance it.There is agreement within the scientific community that the buildup of green house gases is already causing the earth’s average surface temperature to rise. This is changing global climate at an unusually fast rate. According to the World Meteorological Organization, the earth’s average temperature climbed about 1 degree F in the past century, and nine of the ten warmest years on record have occurred since 1990. A United Nations panel has predicted that average global temperatures could rise as much as 10.5degrees F during the next century as heat-trapping gases from human industry accumulate in the atmosphere.What are the potential impacts of an enhanced green house effect? According to estimates by an international committee, North American climatic zones could shift northward by as much as 550 kilometers (340miles). Such a change in climate would likely affect all sectors of society. In some areas, heat and moisture stress would cut crop yields, and traditional farming practices would have to change. For example, in the North American grain belt, higher temperature and more frequent drought during the growing season might require farmers to switch from corn to wheat and to use more water for irrigation. Global warming may also cause a rise in sea level by melting polar ice caps. A rise in sea level would accelerate coastal erosion and inundate islands and low-lying coastal plains, some of which are densely populated. Millions of acres of coastal farmland would be covered by water. Furthermore, the warming of seawater will cause the water to expand, thus adding to the potential danger.Global warming has already left its fingerprint on the natural world. Two research teams recently reviewed hundreds of published papersthat tracked changes in the range and behavior of plant and animal species, and they found ample evidence of plants blooming and birds nesting earlier in the spring. Both teams concluded that rising global temperatures are shifting the ranges of hundreds of species—thus climatic zones—northward. These studies are hard evidence that the natural world is already responding dramatically to climatechange, even though the change has just begun. If global warming trends continue, changes in the environment will have an enormous impact on world biology. Birds especially play a critical role in the environment by pollinating plants, dispersing seeds, and controlling insect populations; thus, changes in their populations will reverberate throughout the ecosystems they inhabit.36. According to the passage, how do carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases affect the earth-atmosphere system?37. What can e inferred from paragraph 3 about global climate change?38. According to paragraph 4, what is one effect that climate change could have on agriculture in North America?39. What evidence does the author give that climate zones have shifted northward?40. An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by writing THREE sentences that express the most important ideas in the passage.Scientists are concerned about the greenhouse effect andits role in global warming.Task Three: Composition WritingDirections: Read the following essay question carefully, formulate a title based on the question and write a 400-word composition on the Answer Sheet. (35%)“Education has become the mai n provider of individual opportunity in our society. Just as property and money once were the key to success, education has now become the element that most ensures success in life.”Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your point of view with reasons and/or examples from your own experience.西安外国语大学2011年翻译硕士专业学位研究生招生试题汉语写作与百科知识（代码：448）A卷注意事项：1. 请核对本场考试科目及代码与你所报考专业的考试安排是否一致。
2020年西安外国语大学英语语言文学参考书
院校介绍西安外国语大学（Xi’an International Studies University）简称“西外大”、“西外”，位于世界历史名城古都西安，是新中国最早建立的四所外语院校之一，西北地区唯一一所主要外语语种齐全的高等学府，陕西省省属高水平大学、新丝绸之路大学联盟、长安联盟成员之一，中国政府奖学金来华留学生接收院校[1] ，博士学位授予单位。
是一所以外语教育和人文学科为主体，社会学科、管理学科和理学学科协调发展的多学科外国语大学，国家重要的外语人才培养基地。
专业介绍学院：英文学院招生专业：英语语言文学研究方向：01(全日制)英国文学02(全日制)美国文学03(全日制)文艺理论与批评04(全日制)中英(美)文学比较05(全日制)英语国家研究06 (全日制)美国政治与外交研究07(全日制)跨文化交际考试科目：①101思想政治理论（全国统考）②242俄语二外或 243法语二外或 244德语二外或 245日语二外或 247西班牙语二外③611英语专业基础④811英美文学综合参考书目：611英语专业基础内容范围：包括基础英语、英汉互译、英语写作三部分811 英美文学综合（指定）811英美文学综合内容范围：包括英美文学和跨文化交际两部分《英国文学史及选读》外语教学与研究出版社 2013 吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》外语教学与研究出版社 2013 吴伟仁《美国文学简史》（第三版）南开大学出版社 2016 常耀信Communication Between Cultures （《跨文化交际》）外语教学与研究出版社汤普森学习出版社 2004 Samovar, L.A., Porter, R.E., & Stefani,L.A历年复试分数线2019年西安外国语大学英语语言文学：360（录取50人）2018年西安外国语大学英语语言文学：348（录取47人）2017年西安外国语大学英语语言文学：348（53/80）录取45人2016年西安外国语大学英语语言文学：350/53(80)。
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院校介绍
西安外国语大学（Xi’an International Studies University）简称“西外大”、“西外”，位于世界历史名城古都西安，是新中国最早建立的四所外语院校之一，西北地区唯一一所主要外语语种齐全的高等学府，陕西省省属高水平大学、新丝绸之路大学联盟、长安联盟成员之一，中国政府奖学金来华留学生接收院校[1] ，博士学位授予单位。
是一所以外语教育和人文学科为主体，社会学科、管理学科和理学学科协调发展的多学科外国语大学，国家重要的外语人才培养基地。
专业介绍
学院：英文学院
招生专业：英语语言文学
研究方向：
01(全日制)英国文学
02(全日制)美国文学
03(全日制)文艺理论与批评
04(全日制)中英(美)文学比较
05(全日制)英语国家研究
06 (全日制)美国政治与外交研究
07(全日制)跨文化交际
考试科目：
①101思想政治理论（全国统考）
②242俄语二外或 243法语二外或 244德语二外或 245日语二外或 247西班牙语二外
③611英语专业基础
④811英美文学综合
参考书目：
611英语专业基础内容范围：包括基础英语、英汉互译、英语写作三部分
811 英美文学综合（指定）
811英美文学综合内容范围：包括英美文学和跨文化交际两部分
《英国文学史及选读》外语教学与研究出版社 2013 吴伟仁
《美国文学史及选读》外语教学与研究出版社 2013 吴伟仁
《美国文学简史》（第三版）南开大学出版社 2016 常耀信
Communication Between Cultures （《跨文化交际》）外语教学与研究出版社汤普森学习出版社 2004 Samovar, L.A., Porter, R.E., & Stefani,L.A
历年复试分数线
2019年西安外国语大学英语语言文学：360（录取50人）
2018年西安外国语大学英语语言文学：348（录取47人）
2017年西安外国语大学英语语言文学：348（53/80）录取45人
2016年西安外国语大学英语语言文学：350/53(80)
2019年西安外国语大学英语语言文学各科真题回忆
英美文学综合
一、填空题 15个吧可能是 (20分，全是历年真题中的原题)
Wallace的作品
莎士比亚一个作品中的两个主角（忘了是啥了，但是应该之前考过）
Utopia
Christopher Marlowe
Tony Morrison Beloved
To a Nightingale
Invisible Man Ralph Ellison
二、名词解释（30分）
Byronic Hero
Iceberg Principle
Tragicomedy
flat and round character
（还有一个我怎么也想不起来了，我只记得是很简单的一个，欢迎研友补充）
三、简答5个（50分）今年简答题考的挺意外的，就压中了一个盖茨比= =
1.Jane Austen的写作风格（特点）
2.Adgar Allan Poe的贡献
3.Joseph Conrad黑暗之心题目的象征
4. Fitzgerald的《了不起的盖茨比》中盖茨比为什么伟大
5.西方和中国在Hospitality方面的不同
四、文学评论（50分）
The Old Man And The Bridge(Hemingway)
(1)summary
(2)comment
基础英语
一、选择(5道选词题(专八，gre单词)
二、阅读(4篇阅读理解，把握好时间）
今年选择和阅读都不难
三、翻译
汉译英是《三代》考动词翻译比较多我觉得
英译汉我忘记是啥了，不难
四、写作
小作文是投诉信，好像是投诉社区环境不好希望政府想办法改善一下，
大作文是Taday, high sales of popular consumer goods reflects the power of advertising, not reflects the real need of people.写一篇不少于400字的essay（广告推销的各种产品真的是社会所需要的吗？）。