2005年9月全国公共英语考试二级笔试真题
PETS2历年试题
2006年9月全国公共英语等级考试（第二级）听力测试第一节(共5小题；每小题5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话读一遍。
1. What is the woman probably going to do?A. To ask the way.2. How is Susan feeling?A.Frightened.B. To take a walk.B.Excited.C. To look up a word.C. Unhappy.3.What are the speakers talking about?A. A house to buy .B. A holiday plan.4. How does the woman usually go home after work?A. By car.B. By bus.5. What is the woman s problem?A.She has lost her street map.B She has trouble finding her way.C.She has difficulty reading a map.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面一段材料，回答第6和第7题。
6.What time of the year does this conversation take place?A. Spring.B. Summer.7. What will the woman buy in the shop?A.A yellow skirt.B.A black skirt.听下面一段材料，回答第8至第10题。
C. A well-paidjob.C. By underground train.C. Autumn/C. A white blouse.8. Where are the two speakers?A .In a classroom. B. In an office. C. At home.9. What does the woman tell the man about?A.His score in a recent test.B.The difficulties he has with his studies.C.The unsatisfactory way he acted in class.10. What will happen to the man if he does not improve?A. He can only keep a B for his grade.1B. He will get a poorer grade than a B.C.He will fail the course completely.听下面一段材料，回答第11至第13题。
9月公共英语二级考试真题及答案(写作)
xx年9月公共英语二级考试真题及答案（写作）间隔xx年9月考试越来越近了，为了让大家了解公共考试难易程度，网为大家提供了3月份公共英语考试真题及答案详解，以下是xx年9月公共英语二级考试写作真题及答案。
66.阅读下面对话，根据其内容写一篇有关Linda帮助祖父搬家的短文。
要求：1.所写短文应与对话相关内容意义相符，涵盖其要点;2.用你自己的语言表达，可改写对话中的句子，但不可照抄原句。
注意：1.词数80词左右，开头已为你写好;2.请将短文直接写在答题卡上的相应位置。
John: Hi, Linda. I' m thinking of going camping this weekend with Mary and tom. Will you join us?Linda: I'd like to, but I' m going to help my grandfather. He's moving out this weekend. John: Oh, is he? That's an important thing. Where's your grandfather living now?Linda: In a two-story house here at Morris Plains. He doesn't like it. It's too big for him.John: What's the new house like, then?Linda: It's a small apartment. In fact, it' s the smallest one here in the neighborhood(居民区).John: Is it near your house?Linda: Yes, not even a mile away. He wants to be closer to me, you know.John: Sounds like a perfect home for him. It must have taken your grandfather a long time to find the apartment.Linda: Actually, I found this apartment for him. A year ago, he started to think about moving. He wanted a smaller apartment. He also wanted there to be a supermarket and a hospital in the neighborhood.John: A smaller apartment and closer to his granddaughter. So, your grandfather must be glad now.Linda: You're right, John.67.假定你是李明，要为朋友王平举办l8岁生日聚会，准备邀请英国朋友Bob参加。
公共英语二级真题2005年09月
公共英语二级真题2005年09月(总分：110.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}第一部分听力理解{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：5.00){{B}}第一节{{/B}} 听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
{{B}}第一节{{/B}} 听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
（分数：5.00）(1).Where are the speakers?（分数：1.00）A.In an officeB.In a classroomC.In a hotel√解析：[听力原文] M: I won't be back till midnight. Will it be possible to get something to eat in my room? W: Just phone Room Service and tell them what you'd like.(2).How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts?（分数：1.00）A.$ 9.B.$ 19.√C.$ 20.解析：[听力原文] W: Very nice skirts. How much axe they? M: Ten dollars each. And one dollar off if you may buy two.(3).What does the woman mean?（分数：1.00）A.She expects to go home√B.She won't go homeC.The man should go home解析：[听力原文] M: Are you looking forward to going home for the summer vacation? W: I'm counting the days.(4).What do we know about Peter?（分数：1.00）A.He has lost his ticketB.He is expecting a ticket√He went out to buy a ticket解析：[听力原文] M: Can I speak to Peter? W: He went out about an hour ago. Can I take a message? M: Yes, this is Globe Travel. Could you tell him his ticket is ready? W: OK, I'll do that.(5).What's the weather like in New York these days?（分数：1.00）A.WindyB.Very hot√C.A bit cold解析：[听力原文] W: Good morning, can I help you? M: Yes, I'd like to know something about the weather in New York this week. W: Well, it's fairly hot and there's much rain in the evenings. M: I see, thanks very much for your help.二、{{B}}第二节{{/B}}(总题数：5，分数：15.00)听下面5段对话或独白。
公共英语（PETS）二级考试真题公共英语二级口语真题
公共英语(PETS)二级考试真题公共英语二级口语真题公共英语（公共英语（PETS）二级考试真题）笔试部分答题时间：100 分钟姓名：第一部分1～20 略第二部分英语知识运用准考证号：听力第一节单项填空从[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡 1 上将该项涂黑．21. ?DAre we supposed to take off our shoes before we enter? ?DNo, you [ A ] shouldn ‘ t [ C ] mustn ‘ t . [ B ] needn ‘ t [ D ] can’ t22. Tell him he should stop __________ and get some sleep. [ A ] worry [ C ] to worry [ B ] worrying [ D ] from worrying23. How are you feeling now? Should I send __________ the doctor? [ A ] off [ C ] with [ B ] to [ D ] for24. Shanghai is a big city. It is __________ the southeast of China. [ A ] in [ C ] on 25. ?DCan you lend me a pen? ?DSorry, __________ . [ A ] I haven’ t [ C ] I haven’ t got it [ B ] I haven’ t got that [ D ] I haven’ t got one [ B ] at [ D ] to26. I’ m used to driving in Hong Kong now, but it __________ hard at the beginning. [ A ] was [ C ] had been [ B ] is [ D ] has been27. These windows need __________ . Can you do them?[ A ] clean [ C ] to clean[ B ] cleaning [ D ] cleaned television or at cinema?28. Did you see the film on __________ [ A ] -; the [ C ] a; the [ B ] a; [ D ] the; ?29. If you’re going to the airport by car, can you give me a __________ [ A ] lift [ C ] drive [ B ] seat [ D ] hand30. ?DWhich will you have then, the white one or the blue one? ?DI’ll take __________ [ A ] one [ C ] both to give myself a change sometimes. [ B ] two [ D ] either anyone knows where she 31. She is a stranger in this village, __________ came from. [ A ] Hardly [ C ] Never [ B ] Almost [ D ] Nearly32. I was just coming out of the sea after a swim __________ I stepped on a sharp stone and cut my foot. [ A ] when [ C ] then [ B ] as [ D ] while33. I want to buy a new tie to __________ my brown suit. [ A ] agree with [ C ] match [ B ] wear [ D ] keep with .34. How nice to see you again! You should have told me you __________ [ A ] are coming [ C ] will come [ B ] were coming [ D ] have come35. Would you be __________ to lend me your bike tomorrow morning? [ A ] as kind as [ C ] so kind as 第二节完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中选出能填入相应空白处的最[ B ] very kind as [ D ] very kind so佳选项，并在答题卡 1 上将该项涂黑. Body language is a personal thing. It says a lot about a person, such as whether he 36 respect for others to whom he is talking, and whether he pays proper 37 to someone else’ s ideas.Think about your own body language. It is important to pay attention to it. ___38____, when you meet someone, don’t stand too ___39____ . Anuncomfortable nearness is very ___40____to the other person, ___41____ keep your physical distance (体距),___42____ he’ ll have to keep backing off from you.___43____ , two feet will do. Some of the ___44____in which your body will tell the other person you are ___45____carefully are : Sit attentively(专注地) in your chair.___46____you slump(垂头弯腰地坐) down on your backbone, your ___47____straight out in front of you, your body is saying, 150 cakes a week and Carr owes her success to her employees. She says, text, where do bananas actually grow ? [ A ] On the stem. [ B ] On the leaves. [ C ] On the flower stalk. [ D ] On the base of the stem. 63. From the text we know when bananas are harvested, they are_____________. [ A ] green and pointing upward [ B ] yellow andpointing downward [ C ] green and pointing downward [ D ] yellow and pointing upward C Everyone wants the best for a baby. A mother wants her baby to have the best in the way of food, toys, clothing and equipment. Her value judgements on prices may go wrong when it comes to buying for a baby, particularly the first one. Factory producers and advertisers(广告商) recognize this, and exploit it to the full. Far more is spent in buying push-chairs, special milk, and special powders for small babies than is necessary. The child himself watches television, a particularly strong influence ( 影响) on Small children. Looking at them as they watch television, and then watching them react to products afterwards, suggests that young children accept the television advertisements as well as the guidance offered by children’ s programmes , and find both equally attractive. The child comes early in life to the feeling widespread in this country that if something is said ontelevision it must be true. For this reason much Christmas gift advertising, and advertising for sweets, food and washing powders, is specially designed for children because of the effect their repeated nagging can have on their mothers. By exercising in this way they become consumers (消费者) at an early age and as a result, with present-day pressures, choosing and buying goods and services will remain an important part of their future lives 64.According to the writer, a mother spends more than necessary on___________. [ A ] Christmas advertising [ B ] special powders [ C ] television [ D ] sweets 65. The underlined word % of the world’s population, but it has greatly slowed down its rate(速度) of growth. It is now growing at a rate of only 0.8% per year. In India, however, the population continues to grow, and it is expected to be even larger than the Chinese population by the year 2040.The population in India is growing three times faster than in Australia, Japan, and the developed countries in Europe. In fact, European people are more worried about population decrease(减少)than increase. Eastern European countries are growing at a rate of only about 1%. The best news is that, in general, population growth has slowed down from 2.08% in 1970 to 1.6% in 1985. At the present rate, the earliest that the world could reach zero population growth is 2040. At that time, there will probably htTp:///news/6582EC4FB32F5C70.htmlb e about 8 billion people in the world. It is possible, though, that the population might not really stop growing until much later. With people living longer, the number of elderly will have grown by 15% by that time. Nearly half of the world’ s population will be living in cities. This is a situation that could cause a long list of other problems including pollution and a lack of food, water, housing, andjobs. 68. Which of the following is the best title for the text? [ A ] Decrease of World Population [ B ] Population Growth Has Stopped [ C ] World Population?DA Look Into the Future [ D ] China’s Population?DOne Fifth of the World Population 69. Among all the countries mentioned in the text, the one with the highest growth rate is_______. [ A ] India [ B ] China [ C ] Japan [ D ] Kenya70. People in European countries are more concerned about the fact that__________. [ A ] they do not have enough jobs for people [ B ] many people from the countryside come to live in the cities [ C ] the population in developing countries is not decreasing [ D ] their populations are falling 71. Which of the following facts is best supported by the text? [ A ] There will be a number of problems in cities in the future.[ B ] The world population will stop growing in 2040. [ C ] 15 percent of the world population will be elderly people. [ D ] Kenya will have the biggest population in the world. E FILM PREVIEWS In the Line of Fire After his Oscar success as an aging cowboy in Unforgotten, Clint Eastwood plays an aging secret-service man in this action movie. He is Frank Horrigan, a devoted citizen who has strong love for his country and who believes that he was responsible(有责任的) for the death of John F. Kennedy in 1963. When a madman, played by John Malkovich , says that he will killthe present President. Horrigan is given the chance to redeem himself. Sleepless in Seattle A very interesting film from Nora Ephron , the writer-director of When Harry Met Sally. One Christmas, a little boy, who has just lost his mother, calls a national radio station to find a new wife for his dad, played by Tom Hanks. When a radio-reporter hears the program, she is sure that she has found the man of herdream and spends the rest of the film in an eager search for him. The Firm Tom Cruise plays a young lawyer, Mitch McDeere, who finds out that several members of his new law firm have died. When an FBI man finds out that the firm is run by the Mafia (黑手党), Mitch is offered a job as an undercover agent(便衣特工), who will pretend to work for one side while working for another. However, he refuses and thinks up a way neither to follow the FBI nor the Mafia. This is Tom Cruise acting the part he knows best?D 2．年龄：26 岁3．学历：某大学英语系毕业，汉语、英语口语流利. 4．工作经历：当了四年英语导游5．本人通讯处：天津1328 信箱6．写信时间：2004 年 2 月要求：书信格式正确，100 个词左右.。
国家公共英语(二级)笔试历年真题试卷汇编17(题后含答案及解析)
国家公共英语（二级）笔试历年真题试卷汇编17(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 听力 2. 英语知识运用 3. 阅读理解 4. 写作听力第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
听力原文：M: Jane, do you have a map of Manchester? I want to find a good place to eat.W: Why not try China town? There are plenty of good Chinese restaurants there, and it’ s near here.1．Why does the man need a map?A．To tour Manchester.B．To find a restaurant.C．To learn about China.正确答案：B听力原文：M: Let’ s do something different for vacation this year. Oh, let’ s go to Colorado. I want to learn to snow board.W: Oh, Paul. You know I don’t like cold weather. Can’ t we go someplace warm, like the beach?2．What does the woman want to do for vacation?A．Go to the beach.B．Travel to Colorado.C．Learn to snow board.正确答案：A听力原文：W: This job is for three days a week: Monday, Friday, and Saturday. Are you Okay with that?M: Hmm... I was hoping to have Saturday free. But I need the job, so...can you tell me what exactly I will do?3．What will the man probably do?A．Take the job.B．Refuse the offer.C．Change the working hours.正确答案：A听力原文：M: Do you know if John’ s coming home for dinner?W: He’ll be late. He said not to wait for him.4．What does the woman say about John?A．He won’ t wait for her.B．He won’ t come home today.C．He won’ t be on time for dinner.正确答案：C听力原文：W: I’m really tired from packing all these boxes for three hours. It’ s about time to call it a day.M: I know. Maybe we could do it first thing tomorrow morning.W: Why not? These orders are not urgent.5．What will the speakers probably do next?A．Order some boxes.B．Go home and rest.C．Continue working.正确答案：B第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
2005年（GCT）全国考试统考英语真题及答案
第四部分外语运⽤能⼒测试（英语）（50 题，每题2 分，满分100 分）（答案仅供参考） Part One Vocabulary and Structure Directions： There are ten incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line though the center. 1.To speed ____A____ your entry,please bring your Admission Card with you.A.upB.onC.cutD.down 2.More thunderstorms ____C____ in summer than any other time of the year.A.happenedB.have happenedC.happenD.will happen 3.Experts say the space rock is probably ____D____ more than U.S.$30，000.A.weightyB.costlyC.valuableD.worth. 4.Susan will come to watch him ____B____ at Wimbledon this week.A.playedB.playC.to playD.playing 5.Children don't ___B_____ understand what are reciting,but gradually it will have in impact on thinking.A.playedB.playC.to playD.playing 6.Every year,thousands of college students apply for the CCTV Cup English Speech ____D____.A.ArgumentB.QuarrelC.DebateD.Contest 7.___B_____ shall we forget the day when we received the admission into Harvard University.A.No timeB.NeverC.No soonerD.Nonetheless 8.The newly released movie was ____D____ as to arouse so much sensation among the young people.A.No timeB.NeverC.No soonerD.Nonetheless 9.Today's popular clothing chains ____C____ teenagers,who can be counted upon to change their tastes every 30 days.A.resort toB.attend toC.appeal toD.apply to 10.There is going to be ___A_____ time for people to assess whether or not we have made the right decision in this time of urgency.A.sufficientB.additionalC.efficientD.consequent Part Two Reading Comprehension Directions： In this part there are three passages and one advertisement,each followed questions or unfinished statements.For each of them,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the best one and.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line though the center.Questions 11—15 are based on the following passage： The first ancient Olympics were held in 776 B.C.The games got their name from Olympia,the Greek city where they took place.Like the summer Olympics of today,the ancient Olympics were held every four years. Thousands of people from all over the Greek world came to watch.The main stadium held about 45，000 people.We have accounts of visitor and pilgrims setting up tents all around the site. Lisa Cerrato of Tufts University said. During the first Olympics,there was only one competition—a 200-meter race.But over time the games grew to include wrestling,chariot racing,boxing,and other sports.Women were not allowed to compete,but they had their own separate games. The ancient athlete became celebrities（名⼈）,just like today.They often lived the rest of their lives being treated to free dinners. Cerrato said,City-states even tried to steal away each other's athletes by offering them various awards. The ancient Olympics existed until A.D.393.But the modern Olympics are still going strong. 11.Where did the ancient Greeks hold their first Olympics？A.In AthensB.In OlympicsC.In a townD.In a state 12.How did researchers know that ancient Greeks rushed to watch the Olympics？ A.Thousands of people came to watch. B.The main stadium is still not big enough. C.They have found the related record of events. D.Many of them were visitor and pilgrims. 13.What did women do since they were not allowed to participate in the Olympics？ A.They stayed at home doing nothing. B.They organized protests in the city. C.They had their own games. D.They set up tents around the site. 14.The ancient athletes must have felt honored when they ___________ . pleted in a 200-meter race. B.wrestled with each other C.read the accounts of the games D.received the treatment of free dinners 15.It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that __________ . A.the ancient athletes liked to celebrate their victories B.free dinners were offered during the competition C.city-states competed with each other to win the Olympics D.awards were often stolen to honor the athletes Questions 16—20 are based on the following passage： Why are mobiles so popular？Because people love to talk to each other.And it is easier with a mobile phone.In countries like Russia and China,people use mobile phone in places where there is no ordinary telephone.Business people use mobiles when they're traveling.In some countries,like Japan,many people use their mobile phones to send e-mail message and access the Internet.They use a new kind of mobile phone called i-mode。
05年英语二级笔译真题及答案
05年英语二级笔译真题及答案05年二笔真题及答案2005年5月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题1. No one appreciated his work during his lifetime, but ____ it is clear tha t he was a great artist.A. in the aftermathB. by the timeC. in retrospectD. in this eventuality2. Being both spoiled and lazy, he ____ everyone else for his lack of success.A. accusedB. chargedC. criticizedD. blamed3. Your usual teacher has lost his voice and ____ I am taking his place today.A. neverthelessB. howeverC. moreoverD. accordingly4. As always when she sang in the bathroom, she ____ the high notes in a sp ecialA. span outB. belted outC. spread outD. stretch out5. The prisoner ____ that he had assaulted a policeman.A. deniedB. rejectedC. contradictedD. refused6. Only hotel guests have the ____ of using the private beach.A. occasionB. possibilityC. privilegeD. allowance7. The jury gave a ____ of ―not guilty‖.A. sentenceB. judgementC. chargeD. verdict8. Wearing seat-belts when driving is now ____ by law.A. compulsiveB. forcibleC. compulsoryD. involuntary9. I‘ll just ____ an eye over these figures before you type them.A. tossB. castC. flingD. throw10. He was facing charges on forgery in a court of law but he hired a good attorney to ____.A. get offB. get throughC. get byD. get away11. The campers ____ their tent in a sheltered valley.A. establishedB. installedC. pitchedD. fixed12. A larger brain makes man ____ to animals.A. betterB. superiorC. excelledD. outstanding13. He was always finding ____ with his daughter‘s friends.A. blameB. errorC. mistakeD. fault14. It was too late to ____ of the contract.A. back outB. back downC. back upD. back away15. She had just ____ the shell of the hard-boiled egg and was starting to pee l it off.A. snappedB. crackedC. fracturedD. burst16. Children who are praised for their work are always ____ on.A. encouragedB. approvedC. inspiredD. spurred17. It is impossible for parents to ____ their children from every danger.A. protectB. relieveC. preserveD. conserve18. Even though the main source of ____ exposure for a majority of the hum an population is the sun, the artificial tanning from sun beds contributes significantly to the total UV risk.A. extra violentB. extra violetC. ultravioletD. ultravirus19. This is ____ work. It calls for a good eye and a steady hand.A. preciseB. precisionC. exactD. exactness20. I wouldn‘t trust such a ____ person.A. deceitfulB. deceptiveC. decisiveD. deceive21. As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein is famous for his intensely vigorous and exuberant style.A. extremeB. enthusiasticC. prosperousD. nervous22. On a Windows screen, there will roll down many more buttons when you hit the ―Tools‖ button.A. castB. casteC. cascadeD. cataract23. In Nathaniel Hawthorne‘s The Scarlet Letter, Reverend Dimmesdale succum bed to Hester‘s charms.A. appealed toB. conversed aboutC. cared nothing forD. yielded to24. So engrossed in his efforts would Gaugin become that he barely noticed the passing of time.A. delighted inB. frustrated byC. expanded byD. involved in25. One out of five bridges in the United States is outmoded.A. narrowB. obsoleteC. illegalD. concrete26. Several theories of evolution had historically preceded that of Charles Dar win, although he expounded upon the stages of development.A. found fault withB. explained in detailC. outlined brieflyD. offered in published form27. When Akiyama Toyohiro, Japan‘s first astronaut, completed his stint in spa ce, he came back down to earth with more than one worry.A. spellB. slingC. stingD. stink28. Since she did not have time to read the entire play before class, she read an outline of the plot instead.A. a synonymB. a symmetryC. a synopsisD. a symposium29. Tiny Tim, a character in A Christmas Carol, was a happy little boy in spi te of the disability that caused him a weakness in one leg.A. to limpB. to fallC. restD. suffer30. When a hurricane is about to occur, the National Weather Bureau issues a warning.A. adjacentB. giganticC. perilousD. imminent31. Rain abates in the fall throughout most of the Appalachian Mountain regio n.A. poursB. accumulatesC. lessensD. evaporates32. The thief was apprehended, but his accomplice had disappeared.A. people who saw himB. the person who helped himC. guns and knivesD. stolen goods33. Relaxation therapy teaches one not to fret over small problems.A. worry aboutB. get involved inC. get angry about C. look for34. Benjamin Franklin was remembered for his good judgement.A. vigilanceB. guiltyC. sagacityD. resolution35. Mark Anthony‘s eulogy of C aesar at his funeral is memorably recorded ina play by Shakespeare.A. prayerB. praiseC. biographyD. denunciation36. He had studied hard, he would have been able to pass the exam.A. He had studied harderB. If only he studied moreC. Had he studied harder C. When he studied more37. It was now clear that no such weapons were manufactured and none been found.A. was foundB. were foundedC. has been foundD. have been founded38. Whenever we hear of a natural disaster, we feel sympathetic to the people to be affected.A. to have affectedB. to have effectedC. who have been effectedD. who have been affected39. Our programs come second to theirs.A. come second afterB. are second only toC. are first except forD. are first place from40. Our holiday is doomed to failure without you.A. would doomB. would have been doomedC. had been doomedD. has had to be doomed41. I‘m rath er concerned how he will take in his school.A. take onB. take upC. take offD. take to42. You‘ve been so helpful! How can I make up to you?A. make it up to youB. make you upC. make up it for youD. make up you43. I don‘t doubt how the plan will be will received.A. thatB. whichC. ifD. whether44. Trial and error are the source of our knowledge.A. isB. wereC. hasD. have been45. Some people think more of animals than will of children.A. they haveB. they hadC. they areD. they do46. The belief is the legendary lost continent of Atlantis may someday be fou nd.A. It is believed thatB. It is believing thatC. The belief thatD. That belief is47. Because excessively hunting has depleted many wildlife species, game pres erves are being established.A. excessive huntingB. hunting excessivelyC. The belief thatD. they hunted excessively48. Few pleasures can equal such of a cool drink on a hot day.A. thisB. all thisC. thatD. all that49. American Indian languages, which differ widely, tended to group many uni ts of meaning into multisyllabic words.A. all tendB. and tendC. to tendD. tending50. We are not conscious of the extent of which work provides the psychologi cal satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and empty life. A. to which B. in which C. at which D. by whichSection 2: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Questions 51 —55 are based on the following passage.Congress makes the laws in the United States. It has two parts, which ar e more or less equal in power. They are known as the House of Representativ es and the Senate. The House of Representatives is larger than the Senate who se 100 members (two from each state) serve for six years. The 435 members of the House are elected every two years, and the number from each state is determined by the population of the state. For example, California, which has a large population, has 43 representatives, while the State of Nevada has only one.The House and Senate are divided into small groups which take care of special matters such as education or foreign affairs. The most important work of Congress is often done in these groups, which are called subcommittees.According to the Constitution of the United States, a senator must be at l east 30 years old and he must have been a citizen of the United States for ni ne years at the time of his election. To be elected to the House a person mus t be 25 years old and must have been a United States citizen for seven years. At the present time, members of Congress include businessmen, farmers, teach ers, and especially lawyers. In general, senators are better known than represen tatives because they are fewer in number and serve for a longer time. Many American presidents served in Congress before they because president.51. In the U.S. Congress, the House of Representatives and the Senate are ___ _.A. not equal. The House is more powerfulB. almost equal in powerC. not equal. The Senate is far more powerfulD. different. The House is more important52. The members of the Senate are elected for ____ years.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. six53. The number of the members in the House from each state ____.A. is fixed, two from each stateB. depends on how many people the state hasC. depends on the size of the stateD. depends on the location of the state54. To be elected to the Senate a person must ____.A. be at least 25 years oldB. be at least 30 years oldC. have been a citizen for seven yearsD. be a lawyer55. Which of the following is true?A. A representative serves for two years.B. To become a senator is easier than to become a representative.C. A senator performs his duties for a shorter time than a representativeD. All presidents were representatives and then senators before becoming presid ent of the United States.Questions 56 —60 are based on the following passage.Air France SA said Monday that its second-quarter net profit fell 35 percent t o ?57 million ($57.4 million), but sales were steady and operating profit surge d.Earning before interest and tax, a measure of operating income, gained 86 perc ent to ?141 million as fuel costs fell costs fell and cargo traffic rose.Air France has been hurt less than rivals such as British Airways PLC and Lufthansa AG by the slowdown on North Atlantic routes following the war o n Iraq in 2003 because it has fewer flights in that market.Net income fell as the airline paid deferred taxes that came due. Sales rose 0.9 percent to ?3.2 billion. The carrier lost about ?80 million in revenue because of a four-day strike by pilots in September. An accord was reached tying fut ure pay increases to inflation. Thecarrier said that first-half fuel costs fell 15 percent to ?680 million. Cargo traffic rose 11 percent in the second quarter, w hile passenger traffic rose 1.1 percent. The airline‘s shares gained 87 cents, or 7.7 percent, to close at ?12.11.Separately, Air France and Alitalia SpA agreed to buy 2 percent stakes in each other as Europe‘s second-and sixth-largest airlines deepen their partnership.56. ―?‖in ―?57 million‖ and―?141 million‖ probably stands for ____.A. EnglishB. the euroC. EuropeanD. European Currency Unit57. Which of the following is not a cause for Air France‘s earnings to rise be fore interest and tax?A. The drop in fuel cost.B. The rise in cargo traffic.C. The rise in passenger traffic.D. Its partnership with Alitalia SpA.58. Which of the following is not a trouble confronting Air France?A. Deferred taxes being due.B. The shrinking French market.C. A four-day strike by pilots in September.D. The war on Iraq.59. Why did Air France‘s net income fall despite rising sales?A. Because it had to pay deferred taxes that came due.B. Because the French market was shrinking.C. Because of a four-day strike by pilots in September.D. Because the Iraqi war had reduced Atlantic flights.60. ―The carrier lost about ?80 million in revenue because ofa four-day strike by pilots in September‖. What does ―the carrier‖ refer to here?A. British Airways PLC.B. Lufthansa AG.C. Air France SA.D. Alitalia SpA.Questions 61 —65 are based on the following passage.A. total of 4.6 million digital televisions have been sold, and the salesof HDTV sets have quadrupled since last year. Consumers have bought HDTV s to play their DVDs and to have clearer pictures and wide screens. Only a s mall percentage of the people who have purchased HDTVs, however, have act ually hooked their TVs up to receive high-definition television digital signals. Perhaps television viewers are having trouble keeping up with the changes in t echnology. Even the manufacturers of HDTVs, like Mitsubishi, Thomson Multi media, Sony, and Samsung seem to have a tough time learning how to make t heir sets work with the various digital TV formats because little standardization has been required or implemented in the industry.Some of the HDTVs weight over 200lbs., and a variety of retailers offer a delivery service to the buyer‘s home to help install the heavy sets. This is kno wn as a white-glove service and usually comes with an extra fee. After HDTV purchasers get their sets home and hook them up, they will still need to wor k to get the digital signals to their systems. Most of the industry‘s cable provi ders do not yet offer high-definition programming, and only about 15% of co mmercial television stations have switchedover to even the lowest improved di gital pictures. Worse yet, viewers may need to install antenna before they can even get the digital signals to their new HDTV sets. Another frustration for ho me-theater seekers is that the current HDTV sets allow owners only to watch high-definition programs, not to record them.61. According to the first sentence, the sales of HDTV sets since last year, by the time when this article was written, had reached ______.A. 4.6 millionB. 9.2 millionC. 18.4 millionD. I do not know many62. ―Hook up‖ as in ―hooked their TVs up‖ underlined in Paragraph 1 most p robably means to ____.A. have a hood over the TVB. be connected toC. relate oneself toD. keep contact with63. A majority of HDTV consumers could not enjoy high-quality digital pictur es because ____.A. they did not tune in to the right channelB. they did not install the systemC. the market retailers created the confusion on purposeD. the manufacturers did not have a uniform standard for their sets64. According to the passage, which of the following offers most of the HDT V programmes so far?A. Retailer delivery services.B. Cable providers.C. Commercial television stationsD. HDTV set manufacturers.65. On the whole, this passage is positioned to dwell on ____.A. the overall picture of the HDTV sectorB. how the giant TV market should offer better productsC. a lament over consumer‘s inability to use a high-end TV setD. a criticism of the TV markets for doing nothing about a big problemQuestion 66 —70 are based on the following passage.The idea of test-tube babies may make you either delighted at the wonders of modern medicine or irritated while considering the moral, or technological impl ic ations of starting life in a laboratory. But if you‘ve ever been pregnant yours elf, one thing is certain: You wonder what it‘s like to carry a test-tube baby. Are these pregnancies normal? Are the babies normal?The earliest answer come from Australia, where a group of medical experts at the Queen Victoria Medical Center in Melbourne have taken a look at the co ntinent‘s first nine successful invitro pregnancies. The Australians report that th e pregnancies themselves seemed to have proceeded according to plan, but at birth some unusual trends did show up. Seven of the nine babies turned out to be girls. Six of the nine were delivered by Caesarean section. And one baby, a twin, was born with a serious heart defect and a few days later developed life-threatening problems.What does it all mean? Even t he doctors don‘t know for sure, because the nu mbers are so small. The proportion of girls to boys is high, but until there are many more test-tube babies no one will know whether that‘s something that j ust happened to be like that or something special that happens when egg meets sperm in a test tube instead of a fallopian tube. The same thing is true of t he single heart defect. It usually shows up in only 15 out of 60,000 births in that part of Australia, but the fact that it occurred in one out of nine test-tube babies does not necessarily mean that they are at special risk. One thing the doctors can explain is the high number of Caesareans. Most of the mothers we re older, had long histories of fertility problems and in some cases had had su rgery on the fallopian tubes, all of which made them likely candidates for Cae sareans anyway.The Australian researchers report that they are quite encouraged. All the babies are now making normal progress, even the twin with the birth defects.66. What concern will the test-tube baby raise according to the passage?A. Whether the pregnancies of test-tube babies would be normal.B. Whether the test-tube babies would be encouraged.C. Why the proportion of defected babies is so high.D. Why the number of Caesareans is so high.67. What does the word ―invitro‖ underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably me an?A. Normal.B. Test-tube.C. Built-in.D. Formal68. Which of the following statements about the experiment mentioned in the passage is true?A. Only the twins are defected.B. Most of the babies are delivered by means of Caesarean.C. There are some troubles during all mothers‘ pregnancies.D. One baby appears to be abnormal.69. Which of the following explanations regarding the high number of Caesare an operations is NOT true?A. Some mothers have passed the best age for a natural delivery.B. Some mothers have fertility problems.C. Some mothers favor the operations of this type.D. Some mothers have had surgical operations on their fallopian tubes.70. What is the a uthor‘s tone in this passage?A. Depressed.B. OptimisticC. Opposing.D. NegativeQuestions 71 —80 are based on the following passage.The ocean bottom —a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth —is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and u ncharted. Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inacc essible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep. Totally witho ut light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times gr eater than at th e Earth‘s surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, i n some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments fo r over a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1968, with the beginning of the National Science Foun dation‘s Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). U sing techniques first developed fo r the offshore oil and gas indust ry, the DSDP‘s drillship, the Glomar Challen ger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean‘s surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean fl oor.The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program t hat ended in November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilo meters and took almost 20,000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around the world. The Glomar Challenger‘s core samples ha ve allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of m illions of years ago and to calculate what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar C hallenger‘s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geologica l processes that sharp the Earth.The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded i nfo rmation critical to understanding the world‘s past climates. Deep –ocean sedime nts provide a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, be cause they are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the intense che mical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much land-based evidence of past climates. This record has already provided insights into the patterns and c auses of past climatic change —information that may be used to predict future climates.71. The author refe rs to the ocean bottom as a ―frontier‖ in Paragraph 1 b ecause it ____.A. is not a popular area for scientific researchB. contains a wide variety of life formsC. attracts courageous explorersD. is an unknown territory72. The word ―inaccessible‖ underl ined in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.A. unrecognizableB. unreachableC. unusableD. unsafe73. The author mentions ―outer space‖ underlined in Paragraph 1 because ____.A. the Earth‘s climate million of years ago was similar to conditions in outer s paceB. it is similar to the ocean floor in being alien to the human environmentC. rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floorD. techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those us ed in ocean exploration74. Which of the following is true of the Glomar Challenger?A. It is a type of submarine.B. It is an ongoing project.C. It has gone on over 100 voyages.D. It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968.75. The word ―extracting‖ underlined in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.A. breakingB. locatingC. removingD. analyzing76. The Deep Sea Drilling Project was significant because it was ____.A. an attempt to find new sources of oil and gasB. the first extensive exploration of the ocean bottomC. composed of geologists from all over the worldD. funded entirely by the gas and oil industry77. The word ―strength‖ underlined in Paragraph 3 is closest in mea ning to __ __.A. basisB. purposeC. discoveryD. endurance78. The word ―they‖ underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to ____.A. yearsB. climatesC. sedimentsD. cores79. Deep-ocean sediments provide better information about the world‘s past cli mate because they ____.A. are well protectedB. have land-based evidenceC. are in isolationD. have a longer history80. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a resul t of the Deep Sea Drilling Project?A. Geologists were able to determine the Earth‘s appearance hundreds of millio ns of years ago.B. Two geological theories because more widely accepted.C. Information was revealed about the Earth‘s past clim atic changes.D. Geologists observed forms of marine life never before seen.Questions 81 —90 are based on the following passage.At the beginning of the twentieth century, North American society held, as an ideal, the Nuclear Family. This presumably perfect residential, social, and econ omic unit consisted of an adult male, an adult female and their minor children. This structure was thought to be stable and long lasting.However, a few decades later, the structure of that ideal family was being alte red radically even while it was being touted as the structure to be aimed for. Popular magazines bemoaned the loss of the Nuclear Family and its replaceme nt with inferior forms.There are a number of factors that are acting in concert to apply pressure on t he Nuclear Family and generate a variety of new structures. Some of these are: The definition of marriage has changed somewhat in that few people now cons ider it to last ―until death do us part.‖ The concept of monogamy (the marriag e of one man and one woman) has been modified to a form now referred to as serial monogamy (the marriage of one man and one woman at a time). Thi s reflects the increasing equality of women and men in terms of economic adv antage and the recognition that many women no longer depend on men for the ir survival. Women are acquiring independence and have become empowered t o make their own choices. With this independence, the need to from a relation ship with a man becomes less important. This change embodies the concept th at the marriage is temporary and can be terminated by eirther partner at any ti me. Associated with this, of course, is the relaxation of the divorce laws and t he significant reduction of theshame that had one time been attached to divor ce.The economy of North America has resulted in a two-tier system of a few ric h who control most of the resources and a large portion of the population wh o control almost none of the resources. Because of this, many couples are forc ed to have both partners with full-time jobs outside the home. There are unint ended byproducts of the need for a double income. The most important of the se is the replacement of a mother-oriented soci alization of children to a ―strang er-oriented‖ socialization system reflected in the growth of the children industry.Also, either partner is financially able to end the marriage without significant hardship.The combination of these changes will in the coming decades have a profound effect on the structure of the family of North America. As a result, the famil y will be a fluid, constantly changing structure with variable household arrange ments as the norm.81. In the 1910s most North Americans believed that the Nuclear Family _ ___.A. wouldn‘t last longB. was the normal family structureC. had no social and economic basisD. was unworthy82. What happened to the Nuclear Family in the middle of the twentieth centu ry?A. It changed greatly.B. It was criticized.C. It remained a normal structure.D. It was lost.83. In the middle of the twentieth century, people in NorthAmerica ____.A. were tired of the Nuclear FamilyB. wanted to give up the Nuclear FamilyC. believed that the Nuclear Family was hopefulD. were indifferent to the Nuclear Family84. What has changed the Nuclear Family in North America?A. People have changed their ideas about marriage.B. Women become more independent.C. The economy is changing.D. All of the above factors are acting together.85. What is the major factor that has raised the divorce rate in North America?A. The increasing equality of women.B. Relaxation of the divorce laws.C. The significant reduction of the shame on divorce.D. Men having more chances to know women.86. In Paragraph 4, ―until death do us part‖ probably means remaining married ____.A. until deathB. to the particular person until deathC. to one person at a timeD. until one leaves87. In Paragraph 5, ―two-tier system‖ means some ____.A. men have many wives while others have noneB. people are very rich while others are very poorC. people have too much work to do while others have nothing to doD. people control others88. Many wives work outside their home because they ____.A. want to be independentB. don‘t want to stay at homeC. don‘t have to take care of their childrenD. want to make money for their home89. ― ?Stranger-oriented‘ socialization system ‖ in Paragraph 5 probably means ____.A. strangers come home to take care of childrenB. neighbors don‘t know each otherC. mothers work outside their home and become strange to their childrenD. children become strange to their parents90. The author‘s purpose is to ____.A. give the facts of marriage in North AmericaB. explain the reason why the divorce rate is high in North AmericaC. introduce why both husband and wife have to work outside their homeD. give a picture of family structural change in North AmericaQuestions 91 —100 are based on the following passage.Seeking to build support among black families for its education reform law, th e Bush administration paid a prominent black pundit $240,000 to promote the law on his nationally syndicated television show and to urge other black journ alists to do the same.The campaign, part of an effort to promote No Child Left Behind (NCLB), re quired commentator Armstrong Williams ―to regularly comment on NCLB duri ng the course of his broadcasts,‖ and to interview Education Secretary Rod Pai ge for TV and radio spots that were aired during the show in 2004. Williams said Thursday he understands that critics could find the arrangement unethical, but ―I wanted to do it because it‘s。
2005-2017考研英语二真题(打印版)
2017年考研英语二真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different， withacademics， writers， and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital， and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland..A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort， one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give their lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the rate for 7 Americans. Also， some research suggests thatthe 8 for rising rates of mortality， mental-health problems， and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today， the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days， because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers， people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work， I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says， adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty3. [A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction4. [A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated8. [A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute9. [A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among10. [A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside11. [A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically12. [A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles13. [A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course14. [A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield15. [A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship16. [A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce17. [A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats18. [A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved19. [A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into20. [A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run－up to 2012－but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there isabout top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally "grassroots", concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.A．gained great popularityB．created many jobsC．strengthened community tiesD．become an official festival22. The author believes that London's Olympic "legacy" has failed to_____.A．boost population growthB．promote sport participationC．improve the city's imageD．increase sport hours in schools23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_____.A．aims at discovering talentsB．focuses on mass competitionC．does not emphasize elitismD．does not attract first-timers24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_____.A．organize "grassroots" sports eventsB．supervise local sports associationsC．increase funds for sports clubsD．invest in public sports facilities25. The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_____.A．tolerantB．criticalC．uncertainD．sympatheticText 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, "and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the fami ly routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention. Infants are wir ed to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised b y developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. "Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need," says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized, ve ry white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it －particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.A．simplify routine mattersB．absorb user attentionC．better interpersonal relationsD．increase work efficiency27. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices ______.A．takes away babies’ appetiteB．distracts children’s attentionC．slows down babies’ verbal developmentD．reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that _______.A．it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB．verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeC．children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ moodD．parents need to respond to children's emotional needs29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______. A．protect kids from exposure to wild fantasiesB．teach their kids at least 30,000 words a yearC．ensure constant interaction with their childrenD．remain concerned about kid's use of screens30. According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_______.A．give their parents some free timeB．make their parents more creativeC．help them with their homeworkD．help them become more attentiveText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn't it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn't feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,” whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits－in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes－all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curr iculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that_____.A．they think it academically misleadingB．they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC．it feels strange to do differently from othersD．it seems worthless to take off-campus courses32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_____.A．keep students from being unrealisticB．lower risks in choosing careersC．ease freshmen’s financial burdensD．relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word “acclimation”（Line 8, Para. 3） is closest in meaning to_____.A．adaptationB．applicationC．motivationD．competition34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_____.A．avoid academic failuresB．establish long-term goalsC．switch to another collegeD．decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be_____.A．In Favor of the Gap YearB．The ABCs of the Gap YearC．The Gap Year Comes BackD．The Gap Year: A DilemmaText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires－nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect,fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency's other work－such as forest conservation,watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep－that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,” he says. We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minute, is this OK?”“Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change－how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense o f the rest of the equation.“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways," he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to "an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire's inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says.“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says. “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today.”36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they_____.A．exhausted unprecedented management effortsB．consumed a record-high percentage of budgetC．severely damaged the ecology of western statesD．caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure37. Moritz calls for the use of "a magnifying glass" to _____.A．raise more funds for fire-prone areasB．avoid the redirection of federal moneyC．find wildfire-free parts of the landscapeD．guarantee safer spending of public funds38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that _____.A．public debates have not settled yetB．fire-fighting conditions are improvingC．other factors should not be overlookedD．a shift in the view of fire has taken place39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to _____.A．discover the fundamental makeup of natureB．explore the mechanism of the human systemsC．maximize the role of landscape in human lifeD．understand the interrelations of man and nature40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should _____.A．do away withB．come to terms withC．pay a price forD．keep away fromPart BDirections：Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. "We don't make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers－and upward pressure on wages. "They're harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, "They may be coming [into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switchingto electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels."The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill. It's that gap in between, and that's where the problem is."Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives," she says.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)46. My DreamMy dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be absolutely honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream - I knew that no one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to1）Accept the invitation, and2）Introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the l etter, use “Li Ming ” instead.Do not write the address .(10 points)48. Directions:Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)You should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)2016年考研英语二试题真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work,panies located in place with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. 2 , firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development).That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future. The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.7 enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8. But it is really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researches controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wages or population. They link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to “less confined decision making process” and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.’’ The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16. Firms seem to invest more in places.17 this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future. It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward –thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed7. [A] sure [B] odd [C] unfortunate [D] often8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C] emerged [D] broke13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D] compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D] experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send actSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer sc ience in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it’s not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers – but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “Ruby on Rails” language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn –how to think logically through a problem and organize the results – apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes –for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want –the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that –the better.21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______A. complete future job trainingB. remodel the way of thinking。