2019新教材人教版英语必修一练习：UNIT 4 Section A Listening and Speaking Word版含答案
UNIT4NATURAL DISASTERSSection A Listening and Speaking课后篇巩固提升基础训练Ⅰ.单句填空1.The children had great fun (slide) down the grassy slope last Sunday.2.(rescue) the drowning boy,the soldier jumped into the lake.3.The houses which had been (damage) in the terrible earthquake were repaired.4.Thousands of soldiers and rescue workers were sent there to search for the (survive).5.Entire villages have been washed away and roads and bridges have been (destroy).6.The villagers (evacuate) from the village before it was heavily flooded.7.It was the area that is often (affect) by the hurricane.8.Adults understand what it feels like to be (flood) with objects.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Ⅱ.短语填空1.He practised playing the piano and finally was offered a chance to put on a performance.2.There are two million farmers,making up two thirds of the total population of the province.3.You need ten pounds if you go to the cinema in London nowadays.4.Looking at the sun directly without sunglasses can your eyes.5.My grandfather was very anxious to cities and back to nature.6.In the exams, that everything you write is related to the questions you have been asked.7.I don’t think it is suitable for parents to quit their jobs in order to better conditions their children.8.Mr Brown and a partner a successful fashion company.9.On TV,we can learn about what all over the world without leaving our homes.10.I have many friends and be outgoing,but now I have few friends.Ⅲ.完成句子1.强烈的地震袭击了这个城市,许多大楼都被损坏。
A strong earthquake hit the city and .2.据报道许多人在洪水中失去了家园。
It is reported that many people in the flood.3.我们的英语老师建议每天早晨读15分钟的课文。
Our English teacher the texts for 15 minutes every morning.4.根据警察所说的,没有人在这次事故中受伤。
the police,no one was injured in the accident.5.你知道唐山大地震的震级是多少吗?Do you know the earthquake in Tangshan was?能力提升Ⅳ.阅读理解A1976:Tangshan,ChinaChina has had the second deadliest earthquake on record,the 1976 Great Tangshan Earthquake,which happened in the country’s northeast.It’d be more accurate(精确) to call this a double quake:anaftershock that happened 16 hours after the original earthquake measured 7.8 on the Richter scale (里氏震级) and was equally destructive.2004:Indian Ocean Tsunami(印尼海啸)On December 26,2004,a 9.2 magnitude earthquake rocked the bottom of the Indian Ocean,releasing energy equal to that of 23,000 atomic bombs.The largest earthquake in 40 years,the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake caused a tsunami across the Indian Ocean,sending a series of waves as high as 50 feet crashing onto the shores of 11 countries.Some people were swept out to sea while others drowned in their homes,unable to escape.According to the US geological survey,the official death toll was 227,898.2008:Sichuan earthquake,ChinaThe 7.9-magnitude disaster struck the mountainous Sichuan Province in western China,destroying millions of buildings and causing $86 billion damage.Nearly 10,000 children died in schools —trapped under rubble(瓦砾) when the buildings fell down.2011:Tōhoku earthquake,JapanThe 2011 earthquake and tsunami swept the Japanese mainland and killed more than 16,000 people and over 2,500 people were reported missing.More than 470,000 were displaced from their homes.The 9.0—9.1-magnitude disaster was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Japan,and the fourth most powerful earthquake in the world since modern record-keeping began in 1900.【语篇导读】本文主要摘取了四次发生在全球的地震,介绍了它们的一些情况。
1.Why is the 1976 Great Tangshan Earthquake called a double quake?A.The earthquake happened twice.B.The aftershock happened 16 hours later.C.The aftershock had the same destruction.D.The aftershock was measured 7.8.“...an aftershock that happened 16 hours after the original earthquake measured 7.8 on the Richter scale and was equally destructive.”可知C项正确。
2.Which of the following has the highest magnitude?A.Tangshan earthquake.B.Indian Ocean Tsunami.C.Sichuan earthquake.D.Tōhoku earthquake.:Tangshan earthquake—7.8;Indian Ocean Tsunami—9.2;Sichuan earthquake—7.9;Tōhoku earthquake—9.0—9.1。
由此可知,引起印尼海啸的地震的震级最大。
3.What is the best title of the passage?A.Earthquakes happened in ChinaB.The causes of the earthquakeC.The types of the earthquakeD.Earthquakes happened in the worldBOne of the greatest sources of unhappiness,in my experience,is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.When we see something we don’t like,we wish it could be different.We cry out for something better.That may be human nature,or perhaps it’s something ingrained(根深蒂固的) in our culture.Theroot of the unhappiness isn’t necessarily that we want things to be different.However,it’s that we decided we didn’t like it in the first place.We’ve judged it as bad,rather than saying,“It’s not bad or good,and it just is it.”In one of my books,I said,“You should expect people to mess up and expect things to go differently than you planned”.Some readers said it’s too sorrowful to expect things to go wrong.However,it’s only negative(消极的) if you see it as negative and judge it as bad.Instead,you could accept it as the way the world works and try to understand why that is.This can be applied to(应用于) whatever you do:how other people act at work,how politics works and how depressing the news media can be.Accept these things as they are,and try to understand why they’re that way.It will save you a lot of sadness,because you’ll no longer say,“Oh.I wish bad things didn’t happen!”Does it mean you can never change things?Not at all.But change things not because you can’t accept things as they are,but because you enjoy the process of changing,learning and growing.Can we make this world a better place?You can say that you’ll continue to try to do things to help others,to grow as a person,to make a difference in this world.That’s the correct path you choose to take,because you enjoy that path.Therefore,when you find yourself judging and wishing for difference,try a different approach:accept,and understand.It might lead to some interesting results.【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。
人教版(2019)高中英语必修第一册Unit 4 单元测试(1)
人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit4单元测试（1）一、单词拼写，根据首字母或汉语意思将所学的单词准确地拼写出来。
(共6题；共6分) 1．（1分）It is said that this tornado is the worst natural d in South Korea in many years. 2．（1分）Smoking causes d not only to your lungs,but also to your heart.3．（1分）All of the family were lucky to s the terrible disaster and lead a happy life. 4．（1分）The local clubs are making every(努力)to interest more young people.5．（1分）In an(紧急情况)or in the event of danger,shut down the machine by pressing the button.6．（1分）If the tree falls that way,it will(破坏)the house.二、完成句子，根据括号内的汉语提示，用所学的英语短语的适当形式完成句子。
(共6题；共6分)7．（1分）We have missed the last bus.It seems(好像)we shall have no choice but to walk home.8．（1分）The worst storm in history hit the city,leaving some parts of it(破败不堪)and many people homeless.9．（1分）Houses(摧毁)by the floods were rebuilt with the help of the government. 10．（1分）There was a time when I(经历)a lot of difficulties as a teenager. 11．（1分）(确保)that you put down every word she said.12．（1分）It is not really the first time that this famous singer has held his own concert(露天).三、翻译句子，根据汉语意思及括号内的提示完成句子。
高中英语(新人教版)必修第一册课后习题：UNIT 4 Section C(课后习题)【含答案及解析】
UNIT4NATURAL DISASTERSSection C Discovering Useful Structures&Listening and Talking课后篇巩固提升必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Never before has their country been so (power) as it is today.2.Having been predicted one day ahead,the volcanic (erupt) didn’t do so much damage.3.At the beginning of the term,students (supply) with a list of books they are expected to read.4.She heard the wind (whistle) through the trees and felt a little frightened.5.Speak (calm) if you think you’re in the right;there’s no need to get angry.6.Knowing what not to do in an (emergent) is as important as knowing what to do.7.After we got to the camping site,we put our tent and began to sleep in it.8.Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as volunteer in the neighbourhood when I visited her last year.Ⅱ.完成句子1.People who suffered from an earthquake in that area(被很好地供给) food and water.2.To their great surprise,a big fire (喷发) the burning room.3.The youths (被协助) enough materials to carry out their study.4.If you (保持不动),a snake will seldom attack you when you meet it.5.The champions appeared in the stadium (手拉着手).6.You should have a positive attitude,and (上交) the things you found on the campus.7.When the thief was recognized by the policeman,he tried his best to (保持镇静).8.The teacher suggested (进行一次远足) next weekend to make students relaxed.Ⅲ.用适当的关系代词填空1.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit increased her weight to 180 pounds.2.No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women kids go to my son’s nursery and who recognized my face.3.Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences help somebody gain an advantage.4.You should avoid eating with heavier people order large portions.5.The best books are the ones open further as time passes.6.The only one cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking.7.The village lay near some wetlands became his second home.8.It also doesn’t require a new type of technology people aren’t already familiar with.关键能力提升练Ⅳ.完形填空In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened(使变平) America,killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes.Soon after the earthquake,a father rushed to his son’s school,only to 1 that the building lay in ruins.He remembered the promise he had 2 to his son:“No matter what happens,I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to 3 his eyes.As he looked at the pile of ruins,it looked hopeless,but he kept remembering his 4 to his son.He rushed there and started digging through the ruins.As he was digging,other helpless parents arrived,5,“It’s too late!They’re all dead!Come on;face reality.There’s nothing you can do!” To each parent,he 6 with the words,“Are you going to help me now?” No one helped.And then he 7 to dig for his son,stone by stone.Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know for himself:“Is my boy 8 or is he dead?” He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then,in the 38th hour,he 9 back a large stone and heard his son’s 10.He screamed his son’s name,“ARMAND!” He heardback,“DadIt’s me,Dad!I told the other kids not to 11.I told them that if you were alive,you would 12 me and if you saved me,they’d be saved.You promised,‘No matter what happens,I’ll always be there for you!’ You did it,Dad!”“What’s going on in there?” the father asked.“There are 14 of us 13 out of 33,Dad.We’re 14,hungry,thirsty and thankfully you’re here.When the building 15,it made a triangle,and it saved us.”“Come out,boy!”“No,Dad!Let the other kids out first,because I know you’ll get me!No matter what happens,I know you’ll always be there for me!”【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。
人教版高中英语必修第一册课后习题 Unit 4 Section A
UNIT4 NATURALDISASTERSSectionA ListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinkingA级必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Nearly one (three) of the nation felt the earthquake at that time.2.In his life he set an example of bravery and (wise) for others.3.Adults understand what it feels like to be (flood) with objects.4.To enjoy themselves,the children decided (slide) the grassy slope.5.Firemen have to break the door down to reach the people (trap) inside.6. (rescue) the drowning boy,the soldier jumped into the lake without hesitation.7.The number of applicants for the course (have) been increasing in recent years.8.The people in the earthquake-stricken area are in need of food,medicine and (shelter).Ⅱ.短语填空1.Although I got up with a headache,I went towork .2.Soon a strong wind passed through andthe clouds in the sky.3.Two hours later,the sailors the sinking ship on a little boat.4.The treasure which was of the earth was a box of gold coins.5.He was still from what had happened earlier in the afternoon.6.Looking at the sun directly without dark glasses canyour eyes.7.The long cruel winter at last and a gentle warm spring was coming.8.They health problems and fear the long-term effects of radiation.9.After the heavy flood two months ago,the whole village wasleft .10.They promised that they would the workers technical support.Ⅲ.翻译句子1.这道数学题太难了,我自己做不出来。
2019版新教材人教版英语必修第一册课时同步强化训练：UNIT4SectionⅠ 含解析
Ⅰ阅读理解AThe trouble started at 9：30 pm last New Year’s Eve, in Newmark．Whenthe fire engines(消防车) arrived at the fire, a very old woman was sitting in athird floor window．The firefighters placed a ladder(梯子) against the woodenhouse, and 26－year－old Marcus Reddick climbed 35 feet to the third floor．The woman, 60 years old and very fat, was sitting with both feet out ofthe window．When Marcus reached the top of the ladder, the woman, afraidand nervous, put her two legs around him．Suddenly Marcus fell backwardsoff the ladder, with the large woman sitting on him．Marcus landed first—hitting a wall beside the front stairs—and broke the woman’s fall．She fell no more, but he fell another ten feet down the stairs．When the fire officer reached him, Marcus was unconscious．Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would only get worse．Doctors talked of turning off the life－saving machine and asked if the family would like to give away his heart．The answer was “yes”．On January 6, firefighters lifted Marcus’coffin(棺材)—covered with an American flag—onto a yellow fire engine．Hundreds of firefighters from all over the state joined the procession(行列) through Newmark streets．Children watched silently from school windows．The day Marcus died, his heart was given away to a young girl．His family said that it was the second life Marcus had saved．【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
2019版英语人教版必修1训练：第四单元检测A Word版含解析
第四单元检测(A)(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)一、听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
M:Look at the dog over there.I think it’s gentle and you can keep it as a good companion.W:Yes,I think so!And I won’t feel lonely any more with it.1.Where does the conversation most probably take place?A.In a park.B.In a zoo.C.In a pet store.答案:CW:Why do many tourists go to this shop?M:I suppose everything here is cheap.W:Cheap?Nothing is really cheap here.2.What does the woman mean?A.Things here are very cheap.B.Things here are expensive.C.She doesn’t know whether things here are cheap or not.答案:BW:Where are you going to plant the tree?By the front door?M:No,that would be silly.It’ll grow too big.I’m going to put it at the back of the garage.W:I thought it would be better right at the end of the garden.M:OK.3.Where are the two speakers going to plant the tree?A.By the front door.B.At the back of the garage.C.At the end of the garden.答案:CW:Have you tried the fish?It’s very delicious.M:In fact,I’m allergic to seafood.W:Really?What about some salad?M:I like anything but seafood.4.What does the man like to eat?A.Seafood.B.Fish.C.Salad.答案:CW:Hey!Long time no see!Where have you been?M:Yeah,it’s a long time!I have been to America to visit my uncle.What’s new? W:I can drive now.M:You got a driving licence?Congratulations!5.What is the relationship between the two speakers?A.Friends.B.Couples.C.Strangers.答案:A第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
2019年英语新同步人教必修一讲义：Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Word版含答案
姓名，年级：时间：Natural disasters are terrible events. They are difficult for adults and children。
But adults should not be afraid to talk to children about natural disasters. Talking can not stop natural disasters from happening。
But talking can help children feel safer and less afraid of the future. Here are five things adults can do when children show fear ofnatural disasters。
First, adults should be willing to talk with children. When children are allowed to talk about their fears, they feel safer。
Sometimes， the best thing an adult can do is just listen. Whatever the fear, it is important to listen and be patient with the child。
Second, let children ask questions. When answering their questions， it is best to give short, honest answers. If you do not know the answer, you can be honest and say that you do not know。
Unit 4 知识点讲解与练习 【新教材】人教版(2019版)高一英语必修第一册
新必修一unit4课文The Night the Earth didn’t SleepStrange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 am on July 28 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.河北省东北部的农村发生了一些奇怪的事情。
几天来，村里水井里的水涨了又跌，涨又跌。
井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。
至少有一口井里冒出了一些难闻的气体。
鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃东西，狗也不肯进楼里。
老鼠从田野里跑出来寻找藏身之处，鱼儿从水里跳出来。
1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，唐山市外的天空出现了明亮的灯光和巨大的噪音。
2019版新教材高中英语必修第一册课时同步习题精做：UNIT4(四) ListeningandTalking人教版含解析
UNIT 4课时同步习题精做(四)Listening and Talking一、听力强化训练Ⅰ.听第1段材料，完成第1至3题。
根据录音内容判断下列陈述是否正确，正确的在括号内填T，不正确的在括号内填F。
1．Steven is so depressed because he lost his newspaper.(F)2．The town was completely ruined by an earthquake.(T)3．More than 1,000 people died in the earthquake.(F)Ⅱ.听第2段材料，回答第4、5题。
4．How many people did the 2008 Sichuan earthquake kill?It_killed_an_estimated_68,000_people.5．How much would be spent over the next three years in rebuilding areas ravaged by the earthquake?1 trillion yuan.Ⅲ.听第3段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．What do we know about Lisa?A．She doesn't listen to her mom's words.B．She always has trouble with her father.C．She often comes home late at night.7．What is Lisa's father's attitude towards Lisa?A．He is very angry with her.B．He doesn't care about her.C．He never gets excited with her.8．Why does the woman talk to the man?A．To make a complaint.B．To ask for help.C．To find Lisa.答案：6～8ACB附：听力材料(Text 1)W: Steven, why are you so depressed?M: I'm feeling very sad.I just read the newspaper.W: What's the news?M: According to the newspaper, the town was razed by an earthquake and more than 10,000 people died in the earthquake.W: It's horrible.M: Yeah, we have to do something to help the people in the stricken area.W: Yes.How about donating some money?M: It's a good idea.But where can we donate money?W: Just find the answer through the Internet.M: Yes, let's do it now.(Text 2)The 2008 Sichuan earthquake was a deadly earthquake, and occurred on May 12, 2008, killing an estimated 68,000 people.The earthquake was also felt in nearby countries and as far away as both Beijing and Shanghai where office buildings swayed with the tremor.It was the deadliest earthquake to hit China since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake.It is the 21st deadliest earthquake of all time.Strong aftershocks, some exceeding magnitude 6, continued to hit the area even after the main quake, causing new casualties and damage.The central government announced that it would spend 1 trillion yuan over the next three years to rebuild areas ravaged by the earthquake.(Text 3)M: Good morning.Please come in and take a seat.W: Good morning, Mr Young.I've come to see you about my eldest daughter, Lisa, as you know.M: Yes.I hear you've been having some trouble with her at home.W: Yes.She won't do what I tell her, and she often gets into bad moods.And she's not kind to her younger sister, Helen.M: Well, Lisa is just 15, isn't she?W: Yes, she had her birthday a few days ago, and we were not happy that day.She wanted to go out to a party and stay until 2 o'clock in the morning.M: How does she get on with her father?W: Well, she's a lot better with him.He's always calm and never gets excited with her.You see, he doesn't have to cope with her all the time like me.How can one remain calm and reasonable all the time as a housewife?M: Yes, I know it's very difficult ... and we have to be more patient with our children.W: I know I should but I can't.二、语言基础训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．He was so drunk that he had lost the power (能力) of speech.2．A pipe (管道) had burst in the kitchen and flooded the floor.3．They escaped through an emergency (紧急) exit and called the police.4．Try to keep calm (镇静的) and just tell me what happened.5．She has mastered a foreign language by the aid (帮助) of a dictionary.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．There was simply no cash on hand to meet the cost of food.2．Can you inform me when to_begin (begin) our final examination?3．Do not have a drink or take drugs to calm yourself (you) down.4．He made a list of daily items he should buy.5．He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Some animals have_the_power_to_see in the dark.有些动物在黑暗中能看见东西。
人教版(2019)高中英语必修第一册Unit 4 单元测试卷(Word版,含答案)
人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 4 单元测试卷UNIT 4NATURAL DISASTERS单元检测卷(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A(2021北京丰台区高一上期中,易)Volunteer DayWhat better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the sametime?Come to Volunteer Day and choose which activity you'd like to join for the day.See below for a list of volunteer opportunities for Volunteer Day so you can begin thinking about which activity you might want to join.A list of volunteer activities:Plant flowers:Do you enjoy being outside in nature? City Parks Association has many great opportunities for people who love to be outdoors. Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks, help lay paths at Cave Springs Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks. These activities are very active, so remember to be prepared with plenty of drinking water!Play with animals:Do you love animals? Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and enables volunteers to spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned. Play with puppies, snuggle with cats, or hand-feed rabbits.Paint houses:Do you enjoy making art? If so, this volunteer opportunity might be just right for you! Happy Homes is a local organization that provides home repairs for needy people in the form of painting. For elderly or physically disabled people who cannot do repairs to their homes, Happy Homes enables volunteer painters to repaint old homes, outside or in. Happy Homes also enables painters to create beautiful wall paintings inside schools or community centers.1.An outdoor lover probably takes part in .A.Plant flowersB.Paint housesC.Read to childrenD.Play with animals2.What do Lovely Friends volunteers do?A.Read books to children.B.Spend time with animals.C.Help plant bushes in parks.D.Pick up garbage along the river.3.The purpose of the passage is to .cate childrenB.attract volunteersfort the elderlyD.encourage the disabledB(2021山东六校高一上第二次阶段性联考,中)Maggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster.One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time. However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone. Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two-week business trip.After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat. Just then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crash of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear.After what seemed like a very long time, the earthquake appeared to be over. Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. And there was the smell of natural gas in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve(阀门)was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before.Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable. Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess. As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps. Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement.While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder. She fell unconscious onto a pile of boxes. An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She was happy that she was still alive!4.What can we infer from the first paragraph?A.Earthquakes are the main natural disasters in the US.B.Maggie's parents taught her how to survive in an earthquake.C.Earthquakes occur often in the west of the US.D.Maggie has some self-help awareness in earthquakes.5.What does the underlined word “deafening” in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Very loud.B.Quite familiar.C.Very distant.D.Quite strange.6.What can we know about Maggie?A.She was the only child in her family.B.She was not afraid at all during the earthquake.C.She was hurt when tuning off the water valve.D.She had experienced an earthquake before.7.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.A story of a girl in an earthquake.B.The importance of preparing for an earthquake.C.The ways to escape from an earthquake.D.The danger of an earthquake.C(2021天津静海区第一中学高一12月月考,中)Phoenix, Arizona, the USA was shaken by a big sandstorm recently. It was a huge dust storm that struck Phoenix a little after 7:00 p.m. local time.Arizona has sandstorms particularly during the monsoon(季风) season which usually starts from mid-June until the end of September. However, this was so far the biggest. The cloud of dust turned day into night. Some trees were downed and gardens were destroyed and it cut off the power of thousands of local people along the area, but luckily no death happened. A number of people's pools became dirty with dust. People who lived in Phoenix for more than 40 years said that this was the first time they had experienced this huge dust storm. It could greatly influence people's health.The big dust cloud started in Tucson traveling north across the desert. The huge storm ran up to 60 miles per hour. It was more than 100 miles wide and a mile high. Besides Phoenix and nearby cities, the storm also reached Yuma area in southwestern and far western Arizona. It reduced the visibility (能见度) in these areas, putting off the flights at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport.The storm only takes place in Arizona, the Sahara Desert and areas of the Middle East, because of the dry environment and large amounts of sand. Because of the serious shortage of rain, there's a large possibility that the water is polluted because of the storm.8.In what season do sandstorms usually take place in Arizona?A.In fall and winter.B.In summer and fall.C.In winter and spring.D.In spring and summer.9.The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refers to .A.the stormB.the windC.the desertD.the state10.It is fortunate that though the big sandstorm happened, .A.people's health was not influencedB.it didn't do harm to people's gardensC.all the local people in the area survivedD.the electricity power was not at all affected11.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Phoenix, Arizona has more sandstorms.B.Sandstorms do a great deal of harm to people.C.We must do something to prevent sandstorms.D.Phoenix, Arizona experienced a huge sandstorm.D(2021四川眉山高一上期末,难)There are many gardening tips. Some suggest playing music for your houseplants, having conversations with them, or even giving them a gentle touch now and then. Most of these practices are probably more for the benefit of the gardener than the garden, and generally harmless enough but except the last one. Your plants really dislike it when you touch them.A new study out of the La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food has found that most plants are extremely sensitive to the touch, and even a light touch can significantly stunt(遏制)their growth. “The lightest touch from a human, animals, insects, or even plants' touching each other in the wind, can cause a huge gene response in the plant,”said Jim Whelan, who led the new study. “Within 30 minutes of being touched, 10% of the plan t's genome(基因组)can be changed. This involves a huge expenditure(消耗)of energy which is taken away from plant growth. If the touching is repeated, then plant growth is reduced by up to 30%.”Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond, at the genetic level, so strongly. They do have some theories, however. “We know that when an insect lands on a plant, genes are activated(激活)to prepare the plant for defending itself against being eaten,” said Dr. Yan Wang, co-author of the study.Until more research is done, it's just a guess at this point. Still, the findings might already lead to new methods for how agriculturalists deal with their crops, to best promote healthier growth.It's worth noticing that while the study has found that plants often respond to just a single touch in negative ways, it's really repeated touch that causes lasting stunted growth. That's because the plants are looking for patterns in the touching, to tell harmful touch from random touch. So it doesn't matter if you accidentally brush up against a bush during a walk through the woods.12.How is the passage mainly developed?A.By comparing.B.By giving examples.C.By listing numbers.D.By showing results of studies.13.Why can touching stunt a plant growing according to the study?A.It leads to the plant's energy expenditure.B.It makes the plant sensitive to threats.C.It causes a genetic disorder in the plant.D.It prevents the plant absorbing nutrients.14.What's the importance of the study by Whelan and his team?A.It gives us more useful gardening tips.B.It helps find ways to ensure plants' healthy growth.C.It contributes to the further study on genes.D.It uses data to warn people not to touch plants.15.What is the passage mainly about?A.Something is done to help plants grow.B.Plants' genome can be changed easily.C.Plants don't really like to be touched.D.What we do every day may destroy plants.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019人教版高中英语必修一Unit 4 Section IV同步测试(原卷版)
Book1 Unit4 Natural Disasters Section IVReading for Writing同步测试(原卷版)【大单元教学】2023-2024学年高一英语同步备课系列（人教版2019必修第一册）一、阅读理解 Passage AThe capital of a country is often a very populated city where much history has been made due to the high-level political and economic functions that occur there. However, sometimes government leaders decide to move the capital from one city to another. Capital relocation has been done hundreds of times throughout history.1．Why did some countries decide to move the capital?A．To further expand their land.B．To uncover ancient treasure.C．To develop undeveloped areas.D．To declare war on another country.2．Which country was the earliest to move its capital?A．Turkey.B．Poland.C．The United Sate.D．New Zealand.3．What do Italy and Jamaica have in common?A．They moved the capitals more than once.B．Their capitals were destroyed in the war.C．They moved their capitals in the same year.D．Their capitals moved because of the economy.Passage BWhen a chunk of ice fell from a collapsing glacier (冰川) on the Swiss Alps’ Mount Eiger in 2017, part of the long deep sound it produced was too low for human ears to hear. But the continuous shaking held a key to calculating the ice avalanche’s (崩塌) critical characteristics.Low-frequency sound waves called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere are already used to monitor active volcanoes from afar. Now some researchers in this field have switched focus from fire to ice. Usually glaciers move far too slowly to generate an infrasound signal, which researchers pick up using detectors that track slight changes in air pressure. But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier’s main body—is an infrasound producer in large amounts. Glacial collapses drive ice avalanches, which pose an increasingthreat to people in mountainous regions as rising temperatures weaken large fields of ice. A glacier “can become separate from the ground due to melting, causing bigger break-offs,” says University of Florence geologist Emanuele Marchetti, lead author of the new study. As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is accurate but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break-off events around much broader regions as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain. It is challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. “The model used by Marchetti is a first close estimation for this,” she says. Isolating the relevant signal helps the researchers monitor an ice avalanche’s speed, path and volume from afar using infrasound.Marchetti and his colleagues have set up collaborations around the continent to better understand signals that collapsing glaciers produce. They are also refining their analysis to figure out each ice avalanche’s physical details.4．What do we know about ice avalanches?A．Ice avalanches can be detected through infrasound.B．Ice avalanches are caused by change in air pressure.C．Ice avalanches move too slowly to produce an infrasound signal.D．Ice avalanches pose a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions.5．Which of the following is an advantage of infrasound?A．The combination with other relevant signals.B．The ability in picking up signals in wider areas.C．The accuracy in locating only one certain avalanche.D．The sensitivity in tracking slight air pressure changes.6．The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________.A．distinguishing different parts of a signalB．adding measurements to receive signalsC．detecting multiple avalanches across a mountainD．calculating the speed, path and volume of ice avalanches7．What might be the best title for the text?A．From Fire to Ice B．Nature’s ShockingC．Glacier Whispers D．Secret of Ice AvalanchesPassage CTwo towns in Boulder County, Colorado are struggling to recover after terrible wildfires destroyed nearly 1,000 buildings.The Marshall fire and the Middle Fork fire began on Thursday morning as grass fires. Strong winds blowing at speeds of up to 175 kph helped feed the flames and spread them further. The fires spread through towns located between the larger cities of Boulder and Denver. Over 30,000 people were forced to leave Louisville, Superior, and two other nearby towns as the fire swept through the area.By Friday morning, the wildfires had burned roughly 25 square kilometers. The Middle Fork fire was brought under control on Friday, but the Marshall fire was harder to stop Nearly 1,000 buildings were destroyed, including hundreds of homes, a hotel, and a shopping center.In spite of the power of the wildfires, there have only been a few injuries. So far, no deaths have been reported.Authorities initially suggested that the fire may have been caused by power lines downed by the wind. But company Xcel Energy reported Friday that none of its power lines in the area where the fire began had been downed, throwing that explanation into question.Surprisingly, snow began falling on Friday night, helping to put out the fire. But by Saturday, the snow and falling temperatures had begun to cause new problems. Many homes in the area were left with no electricity and no gas for heating. With temperatures around -14℃, water pipes began freezing and breaking in many of the homes that had survived the flames.Many people are looking at the part the climate crisis played in this disaster. Wildfire season used to run from May to November, but that’s no longer true. Temperatures in the area have been unusually warm since July. Jennifer Balch，who’s a fire scientist，told the Denver Post, “Climate change is definitely a part of this story, in that fire seasons are 1onger.”8．How many towns were affected by the fires?A．2.B．3.C．4.D．5.9．What can be inferred about the fires?A．They were put out at the same time.B．It hasn’t been clear how they started.C．They’re the worst wildfires in Colorado.D．No one was injured or killed in the fires.10．Which of the following does Jennifer Balch agree with?A．The wildfire season is shorter than before.B．Boulder County is in urgent need of rain.C．People are not prepared for extreme weather.D．Climate change is to partially blame for the fires.11．Which can best describe what happened to Colorado recently?A．It never rains but it pours.B．Save for a rainy day.C．Kill two birds with one stone.D．Prevention is better than cure.Passage DThe cold, wet weather of winter often puts out any wildfires that are still burning, but not in the far North areas, such as Alaska, Canada, and other parts of North America. Some forest fires just don’t die in these places. Think of the fires as “zombies” (僵尸): Scientists do. When summers are warmer than normal, some fires can hide through the winter. They burn dead plant matter and soils under snow. In May 2021, scientists reported their work to a scientific journal. The scientists saw that zombie fires are rare but they could become more common as the world warms, the study warns.“Some years, new fires were starting very close to the previous year’s fire,” explains Rebecca Scholten. She studies Earth and environmental sciences at Vrije University Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The new fires made scientists wonder how often fires might survive the winter. The scientists started by combing through firefighter reports. Then they compared these with satellite images of Alaska and northern Canada. The scientists looked for fires that began close to fires from the year before. They also focused on blazes starting before the middle of summer. Random lightning or human actions spark most fires in the area, Scholten says. But those fires happen later in the year.Zombie fires accounted for less than 1 percent of the total area burned by fires from 2002 to 2018. But itchanged from year to year. Take 2008, for example. A zombie fire burned Alaska that year. It caused almost one-third of fire damage that year. One clear pattern emerged: Zombie fires were more likely to happen after very warm summers. High temperatures may allow fires to reach more deeply into the soil. Such deep burns are more likely to survive to spring.The zombie fire threat could grow. The climate is warming. Forests in the far North already are warming faster. “We’re seeing more hot summers and more large fires and intense burning,” Scholten says. Plus, zombie fires could cause more issues. The fires release huge amounts of greenhouse gases. These trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere. The atmosphere is a layer of gases that surround the Earth. Scholten’s research could help fire management. Firefighters would know to check for them after warm summers.12．What may lead to zombie fires according to the passage?A．wet weather B．hotter summersC．low temperatures D．cold winters13．What can we learn about zombie fires from Paragraph 2?A．Where flames broke out provided the clue.B．Changing climate plays a role in the zombie fire threat.C．Zombie fires are less likely to happen after very warm summers.D．It is of little use comparing firefighter reports with satellite images.14．What conclusion will be possibly made based on the last paragraph?A．It is important to understand zombie fires.B．Zombie fires are likely to be under control soon.C．Firefighters cannot do much to stop the zombie fires.D．We still have much to learn about the warming climate.15．Which of the following could be the suitable title of the passage?A．“Zombie“ wildfires do great damage to landB．“Zombie” wildfires release greenhouse gasesC．“Zombie“ wildfires sparked by human actionsD．“Zombie” wildfires reappear after wintering undergroundPassage EFind Ways to Respond to a Major DisasterWhen natural disasters like hurricanes and earthquakes happen, there’s always a great need for coordinated (协调的) disaster relief and recovery.16VolunteerTo take a hands-on approach to disaster recovery, volunteer your time and talents. You can travel to the affected regions to provide support.17 It is recommended that you volunteer through one of the professional organisations for your safety and your skills can be put to best use.Donate moneyDisaster victims often have lost their homes or need to relocate. In many cases, your money is just as valuable as your physical presence in helping with relief efforts. Many organisations provide temporary housing, food and other items for victims. 18 Even organisations like the Red Cross have been criticised for how donated funds have been allocated (分配).Donate bloodIf you can’t travel and don’t feel comfortable giving money, a need for donated blood always existed. The Red Cross and local medical organisations manage blood supplies that are important to disaster victims. Call the Red Cross to schedule an appointment.1920Goods are valuable in stricken areas. Building materials and donations of bottled water or household items can be placed on trucks and taken to the disaster areas. It is the best to allow the professional organisations to coordinate these donation efforts and see that the needed supplies reach a location where they will be best used for recovery.A．Send needed items.B．Make preparations.C．Or look out for a blood drive in your area.D．A lot of people are skilful at organising local response.E．Whether disaster has occurred at home or abroad,you can help.F．Before giving,though,make sure you trust the organisation receiving your money.G．And you can do everything from providing first aid to rebuilding homes in these areas.二、完形填空24．A．in the way B．in a way C．on the way D．by the way25．A．equaled B．ranged C．measured D．evaluated26．A．on B．in C．off D．at27．A．adopted B．noticed C．marked D．recorded28．A．powerful B．big C．huge D．great29．A．found B．consumed C．aimed D．dropped30．A．if B．though C．when D．as31．A．never B．frequently C．rarely D．ever32．A．convince B．warn C．protect D．remind33．A．exchange B．rise C．increase D．growth34．A．usual B．common C．ordinary D．general35．A．spread B．extend C．cross D．reach36．A．facts B．data C．stories D．accidents37．A．in B．on C．at D．for38．A．And B．But C．Therefore D．Or39．A．goes down B．comes about C．runs out D．builds up40．A．outward B．forward C．upward D．downward三、语法填空（用单词的适当形式完成短文）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。