2020年12月大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题(1)
There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey.A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. 『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』① They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position.』② Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses.1. The passage is mainly concerned with ______.A. the different tastes of people for sportsB. the different characteristics of sportsC. the attraction of footballD. the attraction of baseball2. Those who don’t like baseball may complain that ______.A. it is only to the taste of the oldB. it involves fewer players than footballC. it is not exciting enoughD. it is pretentious and looks funny3. The author admits that ______.A. baseball is too peaceful for the youngB. baseball may seem boring when watched on TVC. football is more attracting than baseballD. baseball is more interesting than football4. By stating “I could have had my eyes closed. ” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence):A. The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game.B. Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no different to the result.C. The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well.D. The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it.5. We can safely conclude that the author ______.A. likes footballB. hates footballC. hates baseballD. likes baseball参考答案：1. D 主旨题。
文章第一段简述了人们对垒球所持的偏见——认为它毫无活力、从容和缓，不像橄榄球那样(禁止)迭起、令人激动。
文章的第二、三、四、五段探讨了垒球的根本特征及欣赏角度，文章的最后一句话用一个比喻概括了垒球的魅力：“如果橄榄球是一曲交响乐的话，那么，垒球中所表现出来的运动恰似一曲优美的室内乐。
”可见，本文主要探讨的是垒球的特点及其欣赏。
2. C 细节题。
文章第一段指出：许多人不喜欢垒球，一提起垒球这些人就打哈欠甚至皱眉头。
对他们来说，看垒球意味着眼巴巴地观望着身着运动装(outfit)的人呆立在球场上，东瞧瞧西望望，很少有什么(激动人心的)事发生——没意思透了。
他们认为这样的运动更适合上个世纪的人的口味，不像橄榄球那样充满活力。
3. B 推断题。
第三段指出，在电视上，垒球运动被切换成不同角度的画面，而且不断地使用重放、特写等电视制作技术，这破坏了该运动的整体运动感，使观众无法将自己投入(project)到运动中去，以体会到这种寓动于静的运动之美。
电视做不到这一点(The TV won’t do it for you)，因此，电视上的垒球比赛看上去(seems)孤孤单单、冷冷清清、沉沉静静、慢慢腾腾。
C、D不对，作者仅指出了不同运动有不同运动的特征，并未说哪种运动优于哪种。
4. B 推断题。
第四段整个都在描述垒球场上的一个场景：拿三垒的运动员假设对方全投出好球，作好了一切准备，但是对方投出的并不是好球。
所以在那时候他的准备做不做都不会影响比赛结果。
他说本来可以闭上眼睛，意思就是B项所写的。
5. D 推断题。
在本文中，作者主要探讨了垒球的特征及欣赏，作者着重指出的是：只有根据垒球的特征来欣赏它，才能体会到它的魅力。
在他看来，观察到垒球比赛中运动员的各种动作、垒球位之间的关系等是欣赏它的关键(第三段第二句)。
只有从整体来把握它，才能看到每一个小的动作、每一个眼神乃至于“静止”的意义，也只有这样，才能全身心地投入比赛中，欣赏到它的魅力。
可见，作者对垒球有很深的理解而且非常喜爱垒球。
2020年12月英语四级试题一仔细阅读真题答案(网友版)
2020年12月英语四级试题一仔细阅读真题答案（网友版）Everybody sleeps—so goes theSesame Street song meant for obstinately awakechildren. That may be true, but what people stay up late tocatch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies byculture.Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the startor end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day after President VladimirPutin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”star ting on October 26.Russia’s other latenights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays.One such spike was on New Year’s Eve, which Russians tend to ringin with unusual fervor, as well as on World War II Victory Day.According to another Jawbonefinding,Russians have the world's latest bedtime on December 31, hittingthe hay at around 3：30 a.m.Russians also got upan hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for coddlingand celebrating female relatives.Similarly, Americans’late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps coincided withthree-day weekends.Canada got the leastsleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockeyfinal.The World Cup wasalso a major sleep-deprivation culprit. The worst night for sleepin the U.K. was the night of theEngland-Italy match on June 14.Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they wokeup earlier than usualthe next morning thanks to summer nights, thephenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries inthe summertime. That was nothing, though, compared toGermans,Italians, and the French, who stayed up around anhour and a halflater on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup.It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?参考答案及解析61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies byculture”，所以答案选A——They areculture-related.62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。
2020年12月英语四级答案(卷一完整版)
2020年12月英语四级答案（卷一完整版）2020年12月英语四级答案（卷一完整版）提示：考试采取"多题多卷"模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题实行核对。
写作：For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essaycommenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and alifetime mission." You can cite examples to illustrate theimportance of lifelong learning“. You should write at least 120words but no more than 180 words.破题思路：第一段：解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨：“学习的重要性”第二段：分析原因此处能够结合例子.第三段：得出结论此文章写作时能够全面参照有道考神四级写作课程中“功能句”的讲解。
参考范文： Learning is a daily experience and a lifetimemission. This is a proverb full of logic. Inother words, learning is significant in our whole life. Indeed, wecan learn many things from it. If you understand it and apply it toyour study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.There are many reasons which can explain this phenomenon and thefollowing are the typical ones. The first reason is that learningcan light our road in the coming future. Thereis no denying thefact that the society is developing increasingly fast and we areoften easily surpassed by the people around. The only way to avoidthis is to learn to improve ourselves. As an illustration, I’d liketo takemyself as an example. After graduation from college, mylife has been full of working pressure, which contributes to mydecision of pursuing further education. That’s why I can make myown way in such a competitive society.The effect of learning can be boiled down to two major ones. First,with the spirit of learning, we are more capableof overcoming thedifficulties in the future. More importantly, we can enrich ourspare time life by learning. No matter who you are, you mustremember that learning is the basic skill in our life.【短对话】1. C. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.2. B. At a gift shop.3. D. He declined a job offer from the art gallery.4. A. He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5. A. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.6. D. The way to the visitor's parking.7. B. He has benefited from exercise.8. D. The secretaries in the man's company.【短文理解】Passage One16. A) No one knows for sure when they came into being.17. D) Carry ropes across rivers.18. C) To prove that lightening is electricity.Passage Two19. C) She can speak several languages.20. B) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21. C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.22. B) Taste the beef and give her comment.Passage Three23. D) He grew up in a poor single parent family.24. A) Stupid25. B) Write two book reports a week.【短文听写】(26) heavenly(27) fascinating(28) made up of(29) Now and then(30) combine with(31) generally(32) characteristics。
2020年大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案
2020年大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（1）People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten. If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a great delicacy. You would not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive. On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat -- the normally accepted practice in many northern countries. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail. Cooked in wine, snails are a great luxury in various parts of the world. There are countless people who, ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails with food. My friend, Robert, lives in a country where snails are despised. As his flat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own. For years he has been asking me to collectsnails from my garden and take them to him. The idea never appealed to me very much, but one day, after heavy shower, I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several dozen, put them in a paper bag,and took them to Robert. Robert was delighted to see me and equally pleased with my little gift. I left the bag in the halland Robert and I went into the living room where we talked for a couple of hours. I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish. I did not fancy the idea and I reluctantly followed Robert out of the room. To our dismay, we saw that there were snails everywhere: they had escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of the hall! I have never been able to look at a snail since then.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The underlined word “repulsive”in Paragraph 1 most probably means“_____”.A.disgustingB. pleasantC. acceptableD. delicious2.We can infer from Paragraph 3 that when collecting the snails, the author____ .A.was glad that he could share them with his friendB.was angry because they might damage his beloved plantsC.was excited about being able to give his friend a surpriseD.was depressed because it was hard to catch them all3.The author finds that snails _______ .A. are as delicious as octopusB. are disliked in his hometownC.are the most controversial foodD. are as popular as fried potatoes4.The best title for the passage might be “______”?A.One Man’s Meat is Another Man’s PoisonB.Foods and CulturesC.Snail and OctopusD.People Are Illogical in Front of Delicacies5.As indicated in the passage,people love different foods mainly because____A.they live in different places.B.they learn to eat certain foods in their familiesC.they have different understanding of delicacyD.they are too illogical to explain1.[A] 词义推断题。
12月英语四级cet4阅读模拟习题
12月英语四级cet4阅读模拟习题Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train it. Obedience training doesn’t solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training pens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here, sit,” it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the pack (群) by using extreme measure. You can teach your dog its subordinate (从属的) role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.21. Behavior problems of dogs are believe to ________.A) be just part of their natureB) worsen in modern societyC) occur when they go wildD) present a threat to the community22. The primary purpose of obedience training is to ________.A) teach the dog to perform clever tricksB) make the dog aware of its owner’s authorityC) provide the dog with outlets for its wild behaviorD) enable the dog to regain its normal behavior23. Effective communication between a dog and its owner is________.A) essential to solving the dog’s behavior problemsB) the foundation for dogs to perform tasksC) a good way to teach the dog new tricksD) an extreme measure in obedience training24. Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?A) To avoid being punished.B) To show their affection for their masters.C) To win leadership of the dog pack.D) To show their willingness to obey.25. When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner ________.A) can give the dog more rewardsB) will enjoy a better family lifeC) can give the dog more freedomD) will have more confidence in himself参考答案：21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C。
(电子版第1套)20年12月4级答案+PDF版真题解析
听力原文：1. C) Herclaim has been completely disregarded.2. A)The ground floor of their cottage was flooded.3. D) Thewoman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.4. A) Filea lawsuit against the insurance company.5. B) Theydisagree about the future of AI technology.6. C) Lesstime-consuming and focusing on creation.7. B) Digitallife could be replace human civilization.8. D) Itwill be smarter than human beings.9. B) Saveone fifth of their net monthly income.10. A)Start by doing something small.11. C) Aproper mindset.12. B) Shefound her outfit inappropriate.13. A) Tosave the trouble of choosing a unique outfit every day.14. C) Itmatters a lot in jobs involving interaction with others.15 D) Dowhatever is possible to look smart.16. A) Theirobsession with consumption.17. B) Thingsthat cost less money.18. A) They serve multiple purposes.19. C) Over 10% of the respondents lied about the distancethey drove.20. C) Theywanted to protect their reputation.21.B) They seem intuitive.22. D)Older people's aversion to new music.23 A)They no longer listen to new music.24.D) The more you experience sth, the better you'll appreciate it.25.D) Teenagers are much more sentimental.Conversation11. C) Herclaim has been completely disregarded.听力原文：I'm getting a little fed up with my calls about my claimbeingcompletely disregarded.考点：视听一致2. A) Theground floor of their cottage was flooded.听力原文：The entire ground floor of our cottage was submerged in water.考点：视听一致3. D) Thewoman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.听力原文：the bizarre technical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact thatyou hadn't paid house insurance the month before the incident考点：视听一致+同义替换4. A) Filea lawsuit against the insurance company.听力原文：and that your company has a lawsuit on its hand. You will be hearing frommy lawyer考点：视听一致M: Goodmorning, safe house insurance. My name is Paul. How can I helpyou today?W: Morning? I wouldn't say that it's a good from where I am standing.This is Ms. Wilson, and this is the third time I've called this week sincereceiving your letter about our insurance claim. (1) I'm getting a littlefed up with my calls about my claim being completely disregarded.M: Ms. Wilson, thank you for calling back. Can I take some details tohelp me look at your claim?W: It's Ms. May Wilson of 15 South sea road in Cornwall. And the detailsare that our village was extensively flooded two months ago. (2) The entireground floor of our cottage was submerged in water. And five of us havebeen living in a caravan ever since. Y oupeople are still with holding the money we are entitled to over a bizarretechnical detail and it's not acceptable, Paul.M: Ms. Wilson, according to the notes on your account, (2) the bizarretechnical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact that you hadn't paidhouse insurance the month before the incident.W: That money left our account. And now that you should be paying out,you are suddenly saying that you didn't receive it on time. I'm reallyskeptical about this claim.M: Thecontract does say that any missed payment in a year will affect the terms andconditions of the insurance contract and may affect claims. Of course, I canpause you onto my manager to talk to you more about this. W: I've already spoken to him and you can tell him I'm furious now,andthat your company has a lawsuit on it hand. You will be hearing from my lawyer.Goodbye.1.What is the womancomplaining about?2. What is theproblem the woman's family encountered?3. What has caused theso-called bizarre technical detail according to the man?4. What's woman say she willdo at the end of the conversation?Conversation25. B) Theydisagree about the future of AI technology.听力原文：W: How doyou feel about the future of the artificial intelligence.Personally, I feelquite optimistic about it.M: AI, I'm not so optimistic actually.考点：同义替换6. C) Lesstime-consuming and focusing on creation.听力原文：which would require less of our time and allow us to be centered oncreative tasks考点：视听一致+同义替换7. B) Digitallife could be replace human civilization.听力原文：There's a risk that human civilization could be replaced by a superiortype of digital life考点：视听一致8. D) Itwill be smarter than human beings.Once it'sfully developed, AI will become tired of trying to communicate with humans aswe would be much slower thinkers in comparison考点：同义替换W: How doyou feel about the future of the artificial intelligence. (5)Personally, Ifeel quite optimistic about it.M: AI, I'm not so optimistic actually. In fact, it's something weshould be concerned about.W: Well, it will help us humans understand ourselves better. And when wehave a better understanding of ourselves, we can improve world.M: Well,one thing is for sure, technology is evolving faster than our ability tounderstand it. And in the future AI will make jobs kind of pointless.W: I think artificial intelligence will actually help create new kinds ofjobs, (6) which would require less of our time and allow us to be centeredon creative tasks.M: I doubt that very much. Probably the last job that will remain will bewriting AI software. And then eventually AI will just write its own software.W: At that time we are going to have a lot of jobs, which nobody willwant to do. So we will need artificial intelligence for the robots to take careof the old guys like us.M: I don't know. (7) There's a risk that human civilization could be replacedby a superior type of digital life. AI will be able to completely simulatea person in every way possible. In fact, some people think we're in asimulation right now. W: That's impossible. Humans can't even make a mosquito. Computers only have chips. People have brains.And that's where the wisdom comes from.M: (8) Once it's fully developed, AI will become tired of trying tocommunicate with humans as we would be much slower thinkers in comparison.W: Well, I'm not so sure. A computer is a computer and a computer is justa toy.M: Computers can easily communicate incredibly fast. So the computer willjust get impatient talking to humans. It'll be barely getting any informationout.W: Well, I believe there's a benevolent future with AI. I also think youwatch too many science-fiction films.Q5: What did we learn about the speakers from the conversation?Q6: Whatwill new kinds of jobs be like according to the woman?Q7: What is the risk the mananticipates?Q8: What is the man's concernabout AI technology?PASSAGE 1To achieve financial security, how much yousave is always more important than the amount you earn or how shrewdly youinvest. If you're under 30 years old, (9) your goal should be to save 20% ofyour monthly income after tax deductions. This is irrespective of how muchyou earn approximately 50% should be reserved for essentials like food andaccommodation.The remaining 30% is for recreation andentertainment, but for many young people, it will be difficult to designatesuch a large proportion of the income for savings. If you find it hard to saveany money at all, (10) start by cutting all unnecessary spending, allocatethe tiny amount of one or 2% for savings and gradually increase that amount.Always keep that 20% goal in mind, preventyourself from becoming complacent. It can be challenging to stick to such astrict plan, but ifyou adopt the right mindset, you should be able tomake it work for you. So what should you be doing with the money that you aresaving? Some must be (11) kept easily accessible in case you need some cashin an emergency.The lodge has proportion should be investedin retirement plans. Either through your employer or privately, and you can keepsome money for high risk, but potentially lucrative investments. Dividends canbe reinvested or use to purchase something you like. Byfollowing this plan, you shouldhopefully be able to enjoy your life nowand still be financially secure in the future.Q9: What are people under 30 advise to do, toachieve financial security?Q10: What should people do if they find itdifficult to follow the speaker's advice on their financial plan?Q11: What does the speaker think is importantfor achieving financial security?PASSAGE 2I work in advertising and I like to keep upwith current trends mainly because I'm aware that we live in an image obsessedworld. However, when I first started my job, occasionally I'd catch a glimpseof obniol in the lifts and find youdao myself thinking (12) that I looked atotal mess. Was I being held back by my choice of clothing?Theshort answer is yes, especially when clients are quick to judge you on yourstyle rather than your work. (13) But no one can be unique with their outfitevery day. I mean, that's why uniforms were invented. So here's what I did.I created my own uniform. To do this, I chose an appropriate outfit. Then Ibought multiple items of the same style in different shades.NowI never worry about what I'm wearing in the morning, even if I do get a bittired of just wearing the same classic pieces. Overall, when it comes to work,you have to ask yourself: (14) Will looking smarter enhance my abilityto domy job? For some, this question may not be an issue at all. Especially ifyou work remotely and rarely see your colleagues or clients face to face, butif your job involves interacting with other people, the answer to thisis often yes.Sorather than fighting the system, I think we should just (15) do whateverhelps us to achieve our goals at work. If that means playing it safe withyour image, then let's face it. It's probably worth it.Q12: What do we learn about the speaker whenshe first started her job?Q13:Why were uniforms invented according to the speaker?Q14: Whatdoes the Loinbo say about looking smarter?Q15: Whatdoes the speaker advise people to do in an image obsessed world?LECTURE 116.A) Their obsession with consumption.听力原文：This phenomenon has resulted in significant creditcarddebt, enormous environmental footprints. And perhaps notcoincidentally or happiness levels have failed to increase over the same halfcentury.考点：同义替换17. B) Thingsthat cost less money.听力原文：I propose the less staff and less space can not only helpyou economize, but also simplify your life. I immediately saved $200,000. Smallerspace leads to reduced utility bills and also asmaller carbon footprint.考点：同义替换18. A) They serve multiple purposes.听力原文：Finally, we need multi-functional spaces in housewares.考点：视听一致+同义替换Did you knowthat Americans were approximately three times the amount of space we had 50years ago. Therefore, you'd think would have sufficient room for all of ourpossessions on the country. The postal storage business is now a growingindustry. We've got triple the space, but we've become such enthusiasticconsumers that we require even more. (16) This phenomenonhas resulted insignificant credit card debt, enormous environmental footprints. And perhapsnot coincidentally or happiness levels have failed to increaseover the samehalf century. I'm here to suggest an alternative that having less mightactually be a preferable decision. Many of us have experienced at some stage,the pleasure of possessing less. (17) I propose the less staff and lessspace can not only help you economize, but also simplify your life. Irecently started an innovative project to discover some creative solutions thatoffered me everything I required, by purchasing an apartment that was 40 squaremeters instead of 60. (17) I immediately saved $200,000. Smaller space leadsto reduced utility bills and also a smaller carbon footprint, because it'sdesigned around an edited collection and possessions limited to my favoritestuff. I'm really excited to live there. How can we live more basically?Firstly, we must ruthlessly cut the unnecessary objects out of our lives. ToSTEM consumption, we should think before we buy and ask ourselves, will ittruly make me happier? Obviously, we should possess some great stuff, but wewant belongings that we're going to love for years.Secondly, we requirespace efficiency. We want appliances that are designed for use most of thetime, not for occasional use. Why own a six-burner stove when you rarely useeven three burners?(19) Finally, we need multi-functional spaces in housewares. I combined amovable wall with transforming furniture to get more out of my limited space,consider my coffee table. It increases in size to accommodate 10. My office istucked away, easily hidden. My bed simply pops out of the wall. For guests, Ican relocate the movable wall and utilize the foldable guest beds I installed.I'm not saying we should all live in tiny apartments, but consider the benefitsof an edited life.When you returnhome and walk through your front door, take a moment to ask yourselves. Could Ido with a little live editing? Would that give me more freedom and more time?16. What hasprevented American's happiness levels from increasing?17. What thingsshould we possess according to the speaker?18. What do welearn about the items in the speaker's home?LECTURE 2Now believe itor not, people sometimes lie in order to maintain a good, honest reputation,even if it hurts them to do so. At least this is what a team of scientists issuggesting with evidence to prove it. Picture this scenario. You often drivefor work and can be compensated for up to 400 miles per month.Most people at your company drive about 300 miles eachmonth. But this month you drove 400 miles. How many miles do you think you'dclaim in your expense report? The scientists asked this exact question as partof the study, we're discussing today with surprising results. Q19 (19) Theyfound that 12% of respondents reported the distance.They drove as less than the actual figure, giving anaverage answer of 384 miles. (19) In other words, they lied about the numberof miles, even though they would forfeit money they were owed. Theresearchers believe this was to seem honest with the assumption being thatothers would be suspicious of a high expense claim, but why would peoplefabricate numbers to their own detriment?The researchers explained that (20) many people care agreat deal about their reputation and how they'll be judged by others. Ifthey care enough,they're concerned about appearing, honest and not losing therespect of others, maybe greater than their desire to actually be honest. Theresearchers assert that the findings suggest that when people obtain veryfavorable outcomes, they anticipate other people's suspicious reactions andprefer lying and appearing honest to telling the truth loinbo and appearing asselfish liars.So why is this research important? Well, experts generallyagree there are two main types of lie, selfish lies, and lies that are meant tobenefit others. The first, as you may predict is for selfish gain such assubmitting afraudulent claim to an insurance company while the second involveslying to help others or not offend others.For example, telling a friend whose outfit you don't likethat they look great. But the researchers are suggesting a third type of line:line to maintain a good reputation. Now, this hypothesis is new and someskeptics argue that thisisn't a whole new category of lie, (21) but thefindings seem intuitive tome.After all, one of the main motivations forlying is to increase our worth in the eyes of others. So it seemshighly likely that people will lie to seem honest.Q19: What did the team of scientists find in this study?Q20: Why would people fabricate numbers to their owndetriment according to the Loinbos？Q21: What does the speaker think of other researcher'sfindings?LECTURE 3Why do old people dislike new music? As I've grown older, Ioften hear people my age say things like they just don't make good music likethey used to. Why does this happen? Luckily, psychology can give us someinsights into this puzzle. Musical tastes begin to crystallize as early as age13 or 14.By the time we're in our early twenties, these tastes getlocked into place pretty firmly. In fact, studies have found that by the timewe turn 33, (23) most of us have stopped listening to new music.Meanwhile, popular songs released when you're in your early teens are likely toremain quite popular among your age group, the rest of your life. That could bea biological explanation for this.As there's evidence that the brain's ability to make subtledistinctions between different chords, rhythms, and melodies deteriorates withage. So to olderpeople, newer, less familiar songs might all sound the same,but there may be some simpler reasons for older people's aversion to new music.One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called (24) themere exposure effect, which in essence.It means that the more we're exposed to something, the morewe tend to like it, this happens with people. We know the advertisements wesee, and the songs we listen to when you're in your early teens, you probablyspend a fair amount of time listening to music or watching music videos, yourfavorite songs and artists become familiar, comforting parts of your routine.For many people over 30 job and family obligationsincreases. So there's less time to spend discovering new music instead manualsimply listened to old familiar favorites from that period of their lives whenthey had more free time. Of course, those teen years weren't necessarilycarefree. They're famously confusing, which is why so many TV shows and moviesrevolve around high school turmoil.Psychology research has shown that (25) the emotionsthat we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later.And we also know that intense emotions are associated with stronger memoriesand preferences. Both of these might explain why the songs we listened toduring this period become so memorable and beloved.So there's nothing wrong with your parents because theydon't like your music. Rather. It's old part of the natural order of things.Q22: What does the speaker mainly discuss in this talk?Q23: What have studies found about most people by the timethey turn 33?Q24: What do we learn from one of the most researched lawsof social psychology?Q25: What might explain the fact that songs people listento in their teen years are memorable and beloved.作文WritingDirections：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.范文：Changes in the way of educationAs the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of education keeps changing and new forms of education emerge surprisingly. Especially during the pandemic of corona virus, online education has become one of the most important ways of education throughout the world.The changes in the way of education can be listed as follows.First of all, compared with traditional offline teaching activities, online education gives students the opportunity to study wherever they want, at home or in the park.Moreover, the cost of attending online courses is normally lower than that of offline ones. Besides, students can choose the perfect time when they are available to attend classes,instead of stubbornly fixing the time required without the possibility of doing any other important thing.From my perspective, the changes in the way of education mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate students who live in the age of internet and can get access to onlin e courses, I can’ t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.选词填空Section A（第1套）Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ton blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identifi ed by a letter:Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.W hen my son completes a task, I can’t help but praise him. It’s only natural to give praise where praise is due,right? But is there such a thing as too much praise?According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don’t benefit from 26 praise as much as we’d like to think.“Parents often praise, believing they are building their child’s self-confidence.However,over-praising can have a 27 effect,” says Phillip.“W hen we use the same praise 28 , it may become emptyand no longer valued by the child. It can also become anexpectation that anything th ey do must be 29 with praise.This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of 30 their parents.”Docs this mean we should do away with all the praise? Phillip says no,“The key to healthy praise is 1o focus on the process rather than the 31 it is the recognition of a chi ld’s attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential,”she says, “Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow.”So how do we break the 32 of praise we’re all so acc ustomed to? Phillip says it’s important to 33 between “person praise”and “process raise”.“Person praise is 34 saying how great someone is. It’s a form personal approval. Process praise s acknowledgement of the efforts te person has just 35 . Children who r eceive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing,” says Phillip.A) chooseB) constantC) disappointingD) distinguishE) exhaustingF) experiencedG) negativeH) outcomeI ) patternJ) pluralK) repeatedlyL) rewardedM) separatelyN) simplyO) undertaken答案：26.B 27.G 28.K 29.L 30.C 31.H 32.I 33.D 34.N 35.O信息匹配Poverty is a story about us,not them36. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"37. [H] But the fact that 4 in 10 Americans can't come up with$400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason：economic instability strerches across race,gen?der,and geography.38. [M]According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too Little on "assistance to the poor."39. [J] The Frame Works Institute^ research group that focuses on public framing of issues,has studied what sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom40. [D] If these are the central characters of our story about poverty,what layers of perceptions,myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?41 .[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42. [N] "Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color - specifically black women and” bl ack mothers, "says Atkinson of Mothering Justice.43. [I] Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it.44. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"45. [L] Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race,gender,or ability仔细阅读P146. C They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47. B The falling prices of ebike batteries,48. D It will make a difference in people* s daily lives49. A Retailers'refusal to deal in ebikes.50 D The younger generatio n’ s pursuit of comfortable ridingP251 A To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth52 C it covers more phenomena53 D Deliberate choice of words54 B For greater precision55 C Human activities have serious effects on Earth翻译生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。
大学英语四级模拟试题一(附含答案解析)
大学英语四级模拟题一Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10%) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home, Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? You can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication. But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television’s influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous（具有共同特点的）than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.NewspapersAfter television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually. It has increased its national circulation（发行量）by 40% and is now available for home delivery in 168 cities. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and providea way for advertisers to communicate a longer, more detailed message to their audience than they can through television. Given new production techniques, advertisements can be printed in newspapers in about 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the message out. Newspapers are often the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local readers.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow. Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor billboards（广告牌）and the Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeat their ads often. Internet companies are also turning to radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day. Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes---satellite and Internet radio---will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market. Magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous. If you read Sports Illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s othe r readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertisers using the print media---magazines and newspapers---will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the Internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers. These audiences will be more diverse and geographically dispersed（分散）than in the past. Second, advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising, also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective. Technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past. Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety inthe types of messages they create because they can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations’ advertising in the near future. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client’s message. Direct mail includes newsletters, postcards and special promotions. Direct mailis an effective way to build relationships with consumers. For many businesses, direct mail is the most effective form of advertising.1. Television is attractive advertising medium in that ________.A. it has large audiencesB. it appeals to housewivesC. it helps build up a company’s reputationD. it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TV channels, ________.A. the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB. the number of TV viewers has increasedC. advertisers’ interest in other media has decreasedD. the number of TV ads people can see has increased3. Compared with television, newspaper as an advertising medium ________.A. earn a larger annual ad revenueB. convey more detailed messagesC. use more production techniquesD. get messages out more effectively4. Advertising on radio continues to grow because ________.A. more local radio stations have been set upB. modern technology makes it more entertainingC. it provides easy access to consumersD. it has been revolutionized by Internet radio5. Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to ________.A. reach target audiencesB. appeal to educated peopleC. attract diverse audiencesD. convey all kinds of messages6. Out-of-home advertising has become more effective because ________.A. billboards can be replaced within two hoursB. consumers travel more now than ever beforeC. such ads have been made much more attractiveD. the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are ________.A. quick to updateB. pleasant to look atC. easy to rememberD. convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences thattend to be_________________.9. Direct mail is an effective form of advertising for businesses to develop_______________.10. This passage discusses how advertisers select ______ __ for advertisements.（8-10题答案请写在答题纸上）Part II Listening Comprehension (35%) Section A (15%)Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. A. To reach US$13 million. B. To reach US$30 million.C. To reach US$300 million.D. To reach US$3 million.12. A. 80%. B. 60%. C. 50%. D. 70%.13. A. 160. B. 60. C. 116. D. 106.14. A. Meet Mr. Wilson. B. Make a cup of tea.C. Give Mr. Milson a call.D. Write down the number.15. A. The man does not need a car to get around.B. The man lives far away from the subway.C. The man is not good at driving.D. The man enjoys driving a car.16. A. It is attractive. B. It is exciting.C. It is boring.D. It is important.17. A. Stay at home and complete the paper on her own.B. Save time by using Mary’s computer.C. Buy a computer herself.D. Borrow Mary’s computer.18. A. Talk to the boss. B. Restart the discussion.C. Have a fresh mind.D. Have a break.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. Her mother. B. Her friend.C. Her husband.D. Herself.20. A. A 40 percent discount. B. A 10 percent discount.C. A 15 percent discount.D. A 20 percent discount.21. A. 40 dollars. B. 48 dollars.C. 60 dollars.D. 54 dollars.22. A. Because the woman has only 47 dollars.B. Because there’s a button missing on the blouse.C. Because it is the last blouse.D. Because it is the special offer for this week.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. In the dining hall. B. In the room.C. In the Rainbow Bar.D. Not given.24. A. Room 610. B. Room 061.C. Room 106.D. Room 601.25. A. In a motel. B. In a hotel.C. In a dormitory.D. In a bar.Section B (10%)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A. Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.B. Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.C. The United States is a country of immigrants.D. Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.27. A. They can make friends with people from other countries.B. They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C. They can practice speaking foreign languages there.D. They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.28. A. The couple cooks the dishes and the children help them.B. The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress.C. The mother does the cooking while the father and the children wait on the guests.D. A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A. Their family members. B. Their relatives.C. Their closed friends.D. Strangers.30. A. To get advice. B. To subscribe.C. To place an advertisement.D. To apply for membership.31. A. They are two well-known writers who give advice.B. They are two famous doctors.C. They are two lawyers.D. They are two professors at the New York State University.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A. At 7:00. B. At 7:50.C. On time.D. Behind its time.33. A. To take a taxi to St. Louis.B. To take a bus to St. Louis.C. To carry his bags and hurry to the Union Station.D. To get off before Union Station and take a taxi.34. A. He managed to catch the train he needed.B. He failed to catch the train to St. Louis.C. As soon as he got on the train it began to leave the station.D. Thanks to the porter’s help, he was in time for the train.35. A. Late Again. B. A Helpful Conductor.C. At the Union Station.D. Conductor, Porter and I.Section C (10%)Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. （答案请写在答题纸上）Americans are used to traveling. Some people make long-distance commutes to work (36) __________. Their jobs may even require them to take (37) __________ business trips. Most companies provide an (38) __________ vacation for their employees and people often use that time to travel. Some people just visit friends or relatives in distant states. Others go on low-budget (39) __________ excursions and stay in economy motels. Those with more (40) __________tastes choose luxurious resorts and hotels. Camping out in the great (41) __________appeals to adventurous types.Most Americans prefer to travel within their nation’s borders. Why? For one thing, it’s cheaper than traveling (42) __________ and there’s no language problems. But besides that, the vast American territory offers numerous tourist attractions. Nature lovers can enjoy beaches, mountains, canyons, lakes and a wealth of natural wonders. (43) __________ cities offer visitors a multitude of urbandelights. The convenience of modern freeways, (44) ___________________ makes travel in America as easy as pie.Many American vacations are as unique as unique as the people who take them. Families often plan their trips with (45) _____________________. More and more “family friendly” vacation resorts offer special programs for children. History buffs seek out famous historical sites and museums. Environmentalists prefer “green vacations”. Some people find sea cruises (46) _______________________________. Others hit the water to go fishing, skiing or white-water rafting.Part III Reading Comprehension (20%) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OnePart-time jobs are nothing new to us college students. It is common for students to practice their salesmanship when they have free time. However, I was extremely shocked when I learned one of our teachers had also joined in the profit-making business.She is our physical education teacher. The other day she publicly commented on the pimples (丘疹) on a student’s face and then presented the girl with a sample bottle of nameless face cream.According to the teacher, the face cream was produced in France. Each small bottle costs more than 40 yuan. From my viewpoint, it is a complete waste of money to buy such thing. “Why don’t you decline and refuse to buy it?” I suggested to the girl. She signed, “If I do that, I am afraid that my teacher may give me a lower mark in PE.” In other words, as long as she made a good deal with the teacher, an “excellent” on her PE course would follow.I was depressed. The teacher abused her social role. Her priority should be to give us proper education and training. Instead, she is trying to make a profit from us. She is unfit to be a good “engineer in cultivat ing the spirit of mankind”.47. The idea for students to do part-time jobs is _________.A. unheardB. uncommonC. surprisingD. not fresh48. The teacher made a comment on the pimples on a student’s face in order to _________.A. sell somethingB. show concern for the studentsC. make her lessons more interestingD. help her students learn something49. The writer believes that the cream _________.A. is worthy buyingB. is of high qualityC. is uselessD. can cure the pimples on the student’s face50. We may infer that _________.A. many students bought the creamB. no students bought the creamC. the writer got some free creamD. the cream was made by the teacher herself51. From the passage we can infer that _________.A. some students have failed their PE examsB. the students don’t like the teacherC. the teacher is welcome by her studentsD. the teacher has given her students proper education and trainingPassage TwoShu Pudong has helped at least l, 000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing people with snake bites that led me to this career,” he said.In 1963, after his army service, Shu entered a medical school and later became a doctor of Chinese medicine. As part of his studies he had to work in the mountains. There he often heard of people who had their arms or legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives.“I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met. It was a very hot afternoon. The old man was pulling grass in his field when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized that he had been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time, he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poison spreading to the heart. Rushing home he shouted ‘Bring me the knife’. Minutes later the man lost his arm forever.”“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes,” Shu said.52. The best title for this article is “_________”.A. Astonishing MedicineB. Farmer Loses ArmC. Dangerous BitesD. Snake Doctor53. The farmer lost his arm because _________.A. the cloth was wrapped too tightlyB. he cut it off to save his lifeC. Shu wasn’t there to help himD. he was alone in the field54. Shu decided to devote himself to snake medicine because _________.A. he wanted to save people’s arms and legsB. he had studied it at a medical schoolC. he had seen snakes biting peopleD. his army service had finished55. Why did Shu go into the mountains？A. He didn’t want to study snake bites.B. He wanted to help the farmers.C. He was being trained to be a doctor.D. He was expected to serve in the army.56. Which of the following words can take the place of the underlined word “career”in the first paragraph？A. conclusionB. storyC. incidentD. jobPart Ⅳ Cloze (10%) Directions: There are20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In __57__a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend __58__can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are__59__readers. Most of us develop poor reading __60__at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency__61__in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have __62__meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. __63__, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to __64__words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over__65__you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which __66__down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as __67__reads.To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an __68__, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate __69__the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch”him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, __70__word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first __71__is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read idea s and concepts, you will not only read faster, __72__your comprehension will improve. Many people have found __73__reading skill drastically improved after some training. __74__Chalice Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute __75__the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can __76__a lot more reading material in a short period of time.57. A. applying B. doing C. offering D. getting58. A. quickly B. easily C. roughly D. decidedly59. A. good B. curious C. poor D. urgent60. A. training B. habits C. situations D. custom61. A. lies B. combines C. touches D. involves62. A. some B. a lot C .little D. dull63. A. Fortunately B. In fact C. Logically D. Unfortunately64. A. reuse B. reread C. rewrite D. recite65. A. what B. which C. that D. if66. A. scales B. cuts C. slows D. measures67. A. some one B. one C. he D. reader68. A. accelerator B. actor C. amplifier D. observer69. A. then B. as C. beyond D. than70. A. enabling B. leading C. making D. indicating71. A. meaning B. comprehension C. gist D. regression72. A. but B. nor C. or D. for73. A. our B. your C. their D. such a74. A. Look at B. Take C. Make D. Consider75. A. for B. in C. after D. before76. A. master B. go over C. present D. get throughPart V Translation (10%)Directions: Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given inbrackets. Put the answers down on the Answer Sheet. （答案请写在答题纸上）77. The beauty of the West Lake in Hangzhou is ________________________ (我无法用语言来表述).78. Why is she looking at me ________________________ (像是她认识我似的)? I’venever seen her before in my life.79. I don’t enjoy going to the movies. ________________________ (在我看来), it’sjust a waste of time.80. The Canadian speaks Chinese ________________________ (和他说英语一样流利).81. ________________________ (Tony 是否来), doesn’t matter much. We can rely onourselves.Part VI Writing(15%)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topicAttend Your Classes Regularly. You should write at least 120 words (no morethan 150 words) based on the outline given below:1.现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象。
2020年12月大学英语四级阅读理解真题及答案下载卷一
2020年12月大学英语四级阅读理解真题及答案下载卷一【选词填空】The things people make，and the way they makethem，determine how cities grow and decline，and influence how empires rise and fal.So，anydisruption to the world's factories matters.And that disruption is surely coming.Factoriesare being digitised，filled with new sensors andnew computers to make them quicker，moreflexible，and more efficient.Robots are breaking free from the cages that sur-round them，learning new skills，and new waysof working.And3D printers have long promiseda world where you can make anything，any-where，from a computerised design.That visionis moving closer to reality.These forces will eadto cleaner factories，producing better goods atlower prices，personalised to our individualneeds and desires.Humans will be spared manyof the dirty，repetitive，and dangerous jobs thathave long been a feature of factory life.Greater efficiency inevitably means fewer peoplecan do the same work.Yet factory bosses in many devel aped countries are worried about alack of ski led human workers-and see automa-tion and robots as a solution.But economist Helena Leu rent says this period ofrapid change in manufacturing is a fantastic op-portunity to make the world a betterplace.“Manufacturing is the one system whereyou have got the biggest source of innovation，the biggest source of economic growth，and thebiggest source of great jobs in the past.“Youcan see it changing.That'san opportunity toshape that system differently，and if we can，itwil have enormous sign fi cance.26.K)matters27.G)flexible28.M)promised29.L)moving30.0)spared31.F)feature32.H)inevitably33.A)automation34.D)fantastic35.N)shape信息匹配：36.[E]That comment，say sMothering Justice director Dan-i elle Atkinson，"wasmeanttoshame" po37.[H]But the fact that4in10Americanscan't come upwith$400inan emergency is a commonly cited statistic forgood reason：economic instability str er ches across race，gen-der，andgeography.38.[M]According to the General Social Survey，71percent ofrespondents believe the country is spending too Little on"assistancetothepoor."39.[J]The FrameWorks Institute，aresearchgroupthatfo-c uses on public framing of issues，has studied what sustainsstereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United King-dom40.[D]If these are the central characters of our story aboutpoverty，what layers of perceptions，myths，and realities mustwe unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?41.[F]How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42.[N]"Poverty has been interchangeable with people ofcolor-specificallyblackwomenand”blackmothers，"saysAtkinson of Mothering Justice.43.[L]Negative images remain of whois living in poverty aswell as what is needed to moveoutofit.44.[E]That comment，say sMothering Justice director Dan-ielleAtkinson，"wasmeanttoshame”45.[L]Those external factors include the difficulties accom-panyinglow-wage work or structural discrimination basedonrace，gender，orability.仔细阅读：P146.C They did not become popular until the emergenceof improved batteries.47.BThefaling prices of e bike batteries.48.DIt will profit from e bike sharing49.A Retailers'refusaltodealinebikes.50.D The younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable ridingP251.A Tosway public opinion of the impact of human成activities on Earth52.Cit covers more phenomena53.D Deliberate choice of words o ass54.B For greater precision.55.C Human activities have serious effects on Earth.。
2020年英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案(卷一)
2020年英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案（卷一）Time is the biggest problem of most students. It becomes particularly difficult when you have to do library research for a term paper or report. Finding information in the library can take so much time that many students avoid it until the last possible minute.Library research does not have to be time consuming. If you learn to use a library efficiently, you can save yourself a great deal of time. The exercises in this section are designed to familiarize you with the library so that y阿ou can find the information you need quickly.The first and the most important thing to know about a library is that when you cannot find something, ask a librarian for help. The librarians are paid not just to shelve books, but to provide information and assistance. The most helpful librarians are usually those who work in the reference room. They will help you get started on a term paper and even help you find material. There are two basic places to begin looking for information, the card catalog and the various periodical indexes. The card catalog is a list of all the books in the library. A periodical index is a list of all the magazine and journal articles written on any subject.1. According to the author, finding information in the library needs a lot of time, so students should __.A. avoid it until the last possible minuteB. do library researchC. learn how to use it efficientlyD. save a great deal of time2. It is the librarians’duty to do all the following things except__.A. arranging and lending booksB. helping students locate the needed booksC. helping students find needed materialsD. helping students write their term paper3. In what way could a student get familiarized with the library while reading this section?A. By doing the exercises provided.B. By asking the librarians.C. By looking into the catalog part.D. By reading in the reference room.4. If you need to find a magazine article in the library, the best way for you to do is to __.A. look in the card catalogB. look in the periodical indexesC. search through the bookshelvesD. go to the reference room5. The passage is taken from an introduction of a chapter, and the title of the chapter is probably __.A. Save Your Study TimeB. Using the Library for Your Term PaperC. Using the Library EfficientlyD. Library__ An Information Source【答案】1-5 CDABCYou must have been troubled by when to say “I love you”because it is one of the greatest puzzles in our life.What if you say it first and your partner doesn't love you back? Or if they do say it, but you don't feel they mean it? Being the first to declare your love can be very nervous and risky and can leave you feeling as vulnerable as a turtle with no shell. But is the person who says it first really in a position of weakness? Doesn't it pay to hold back, play it cool and wait until the other half has shown their hand fast?“A really good relationship should be about being fair and being equal,”says psychologist Sidney Crown. “But love is seldom equal.”All relationships go through power struggles but, he says, if a love imbalance continues for years, the trouble will set in. “That feeling of ‘I've always loved you more' may be subverted(破坏) for a time, but it never goes away completely and it often emerges in quarreling.”In love, at least, the silent, withholding type is not always the most powerful. “The strongest one in a relationship is often the person who feels confident enough to talk about their feelings,”says educational psychologist Ingrid Collins. Psychosexual therapist Paula Hall agrees, “The one with。
2020大学英语四级阅读理解训练及答案优秀范文三篇
2020大学英语四级阅读理解训练及答案优秀范文三篇2020大学英语四级阅读理解训练及答案（1）Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hours of snow light .The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered country.Rather, a man s eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness.Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape,Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight , dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus . The men following can then see something.Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see,stop scouring the snow-blanketedlanscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time,the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome.1.To prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are_____.a.indispensibleefulc.ineffectived.available2.When the eyes are sore tears are produced to ________.a.clear the visionb.remedy snowblindnessc.ease the irritationd.loosen the muscles3.Snowblindness may be avoided by_______.a.concentrating to the solid white terrainb.searching for something to look at in snow-covered terrainc.providing the eyes with something to foucs ond.covering the eyeballs with fluid4.The scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to _______.a.bive the men behind something to seeb.beautify the landscapec.warm themselves in the coldd.prevent the men behind from losing their way5.A suitable title for this passage would be _______.a.snowblindness and how to overcome itb.natrue s cure for snowblindnessc.soldiers in the snowd.snow vision答案：CCCAA2020大学英语四级阅读理解训练及答案（2）Newdays,a standard for measuring power has changed.These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power.No longer will a nation s political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary primary measure of power.But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. It s often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of opwer and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world.America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership.The competitiveness of America s industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society-government,industry,and education. That is not to say that the Defense Department will not be a strong force in the process because we will. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior of American industry.1. Now a nation s political influence depends on _________.a. the strength of its military forcesb. its ability to compete in industryc. economic marketsd. both a and b2. The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just because of _________.a. its powerful military forcesb. its vast landc. its industrial competitivenessd. its contributions to world peace3. The author indicates that ______ is threatening American political power.a. other countriesb. the declining U.S. industrial basec. a new standard for measuring powerd. less advanced technology4. America succeeded in shaping world events over past 40 years probably because of ___________.a. its ability to adapt technologyb. its ability to take advantage of the capabilities of its peoplec. its ability to compete in the world marketsd. both a and b5. The purpose of writing this article is __________.a. to draw the readers attention to a new standard for measuring powerb. to demonstrate American political influence in the worldc. to emphasize that efforts must be made to strengthen the declining U.S. industrial based. to show American industrial prowess答案：dabdc2020大学英语四级阅读理解训练及答案（3）Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn t it matter? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should leave one in your lap,or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 o clock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The other guests were amused or shocked , but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.1.If one has accepted a dinner invitation ,what should he do if he is tobe late for the dinner?a.He should find an excuseb.He should adk for excuse.c.He should say sorryd.He should telephone to explain his being late.2. It would have been bad manners to make his guests feel foolish or uncomfortable. Bad manners means ________.a.uglyb.dishonestc.impolited.shameful3.which of the following do you think is the best tiltle for this passage?a.Social Customs and Customsb.Social Lifec.American and British Customsd.Promptness Is Important4.According to the text, the best host_______.a.tries his best to make his guests feel comfortableb.makes his guests feel excitedc.tries to avoid being naughty to his guestsd.tries to avoid being foolish5.The author of this article may agree with which of the following?a.The guest who ate his peas with a knifeb.The other guests who were amused or shockedc.The host who picked up his knife and began eating in the same wayd.None of the above答案：dcaac。
2020年12月英语四级真题及答案(第一套)
Part I Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of PowerPoint in class. You can start your essay with the sentence “The use of PowerPoint is becoming increasingly popular in class.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) The road was flooded. B) The road was blocked. C) The road was frozen with snow. D) The road was covered with spilled gas.
D) They may be affecting the world’s climate.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) To appeal for higher wages. B) To demand better health care. C) To call for a permanent security guard. D) To dismiss the bad-tempered supervisor.