自考本科英语2 汉英
– 街中的一切逐渐消失在灰暗的暮色里。
• Everything in the street was gradually disappearing into a pall of gray.
– 他说,如果情况是这样,他颇有跃跃欲试之is was the case, he would be tempted to try.
• 不管晴天雨天,比赛准时进行。
• Rain or shine, the match will go on time. • 就是从太阳那里我们得到光和热。
• It is from the sun that we get light and heat.
五. 反译法(肯定还否定)
• 1. 在他还没来得及阻挡我之前,我已经 跑出教室。
– 科学家们深信一切物质是不灭的。
• Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible.
– 这种人闹什么东西呢?闹名誉、闹地位、闹出 风头。
• What are these people after? They are after fame, position and opportunity to be in the limelight.
– 绝对不违反这个原则。
• No violation of this principle can be tolerated.
– 电子计算机的主要特点是正确和迅速计算。
• The electronic computer is chiefly characterized by accuracy and quick computation.
– 由于我们实行了改革开放政策,我国的综合国力 有了明显的增强。
• Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved.
3.注意书写和卷面整洁
这个问题本来可以不提,但常常被考生忽略。 有的考生在考试中信手写来,一些不良的书 写习惯也带了进来,例如“r”“V”,不分,
“i” “l”,不分……,有的常常遗忘标点符号,从 而造成不必要的丢分。
英汉差异: 英语信息重点在前,汉语信息重点在后
英语多复合长句,汉语多简单句
英语多被动,汉语多主动
before it can be properly solved.
5. 补系动词
• 他虽然很年轻,但在研究工作中很有雄心壮志。
• Although he is very young, he is very ambitious in his research work.
• 尽管竞争很激烈,微软公司仍然保持软件市场 的领先地位。
遣词造句过程中,要格外注意一些细节问题: 1)仔细斟酌、选用最能确切表达原文意 思的英文单词或词组; 2)名词的复数形式,动词的不规则变 化,主谓语的一致性: 3)单词的拼写,标点符号,大小写,冠词 的使用等。
任何一个细节注意不到都可能出错丢分。
2. 灵活处理,提高把握
• 10人组成的委员会一致支持这一决定。
1.事先筹划,再来做题
A. 想好译成什么样的英语句子结构
是简单句还是复合句,或者是强调句、倒装句。 如果选用了复合句,那么要明确哪部分是主句,从句 采用的形式,是定语从句、状语从句还是其他的从句。 在一个句子内,主语是什么,谓语用什么时态,是主 动还是被动,要不要虚拟语气,这些都要事先筹划好。
B. 动笔进行翻译。
that he might run into some passing car.
– 3. 某些短语表达习惯的调整, • 老人也好,年轻人也好,都应定期查体
以便了解自己的健康情况。
• People, young and old, should take physical examinations at regular intervals so as to know their own health.
• Before he could stop me,I had rushed out of the classroom.
• 2. 男儿有泪不轻弹,皆因未到伤心处。
• Men only weep when deeply hurt. • 3. 我们讨论问题时,不能忘记这些基本
点。
• These basic concepts must be kept in mind in our discussion。
• 大作收到,十分高兴。
• I was very glad to have received your writing.
3. 补连词:
英语中词与词,词组与词组以及句子与句子 的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则通 过上下文和语序来表示。
• 他不来信,我也不会给他写信。 • I won’t write to him unless he writes first. • 虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后。 • Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas
The panel/committee/board consisting of
which was composed of which was made up of which consist of
10 members
supported the decision with one voice / all supported the decision .
三. 增译法
1. 补主语:汉语无主语的句子较多,而英语 每句必有主语;或则采用英语无主句、被 动语态或there be结构
• 不知你是否已完成了任务。
• I wonder whether you have finished your task.
• 预计今年的工业产量可比去年增长百分之 八。
• The industrial production this year is expected to increase by 8% over that of last year.
• 只要有一线希望,就不放弃谈判。
• As long as there is a chance, we will never abandon the negotiation.
2. 补代词:
凡说到人的器官 和归某人所有
或与某人有关的事
• 就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。
• Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.
– 2. 定语、状语、形式主语和形式宾语 • 直到昨天我才知道他住院了。
• I didn’t know that he was hospitalized until yesterday. • 我们必须清楚地了解涉及到的问题。
• We must get a clear understanding of the things concerned. • 好的建议,谁来提都无关紧要。
6. 补形式主语和形式宾语
• 我向他说明我是能成功的。 • I made it clear to him that I can make it.
• 他用了差不多一年的时间才适应那里的环境。 • It took him more or less one year to adjust to the
environment there.
二. 转译法(词性转换)
汉语中动词的使用频率大大超过英语,因 此,汉译英时,就要将汉语中大量动词转换 为名词、形容词、介词、副词;当然也有其 他词性的转换。
– 他们不顾一切困难、挫折,坚持战斗。
• They kept on fighting in spite of all difficulties and setbacks.
• 交出翻译之前,必须读几遍,看看有没有修改 的必要。
• Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved.
• If the suggestion is advisable, it is no matter who gives it. • 他们没有答复,这完全是意料之中的事。 • They,not unexpectedly, did not respond. • 他穿过马路时,左顾右盼,害怕撞到过路的车子上。 • While crossing the road, he looked right and left,afraid
our two countries. • 你是白天工作还是夜间工作? • Do you work in the daytime or at night? • 我们对问题必须要做全面的分析,才能解决得妥当。 • We must make a comprehensive analysis of problem
英语属静态语言,汉语属动态语言
一. 对应法
某些汉语句型与英语句型类似或相同, 翻译时可采用对应法:
即原文是什么句型,译文就用什么句型。
1. 假如你不来,我就去看你。 If you don’t come, I will go to visit you.
2. 孩子们转到老师的背后,玩起了捉迷藏的游戏。 The children went behind their teacher to play a hiding game.
– 企业管理人员要想出明智的决策就必须懂得数学。
自考英语(二)上册课文中英文对照翻译
英语(二)上册课文中英文对照翻译U-1 How to be a successful language learner?怎样成为一名成功的语言学习者“Learning a language is easy, even a child can do it!”“学习一门语言很容易,即使小孩也能做得到。
”Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner.大多数正在学习第二语言的成年人会不同意这种说法。
对他们来说,学习一门语言是非常困难的事情。
他们需要数百小时的学习与练习,即使这样也不能保证每个成年语言学习者都能学好。
Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. Conversely, some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields.语言学习不同于其他学习。
许多人很聪明,在自己的领域很成功,但他们发现很难学好一门语言。
自考本科00015英语(二)教材中英文对照(7-11课)
自考本科00015英语(二)教材中英文对照(7-11课)第7课第7课Text AYour Inner VoiceMy day started just like all the other days for the past 15 years where I get up, make some coffee, shower, get dressed and leave for the train station at precisely 7:35 A.M. to arrive at work by 8:30. While on the train I would always choose a seat away from the crowd so I can read the newspaper in peace and quiet. At work I am always being bombarded with questions(质问)from coworkers, suppliers, telephone and then those dreaded meetings, so the last thing I need is some stranger to sit beside me and make small talk.你内心的声音我的一天又开始了,就像过去15年中的每一天一样,起床,煮咖啡,沐浴,穿衣服,在7点35分准时赶到火车站搭乘火车以便在8点30分之前到达工作地点。
在火车上,我总是选择远离人群的座位以便我能平静地读报纸。
工作中,我要无休止地应对同事、供应商提出的各种问题,电话总是响个不停,还有那些令人恐惧的会议,所以我最不想做的事就是和坐在身边的陌生人闲聊。
I don't know why but for some reason when I got on the train today it was unusually full, something I don't recall ever happening in the past. With hesitation I sat down in the only seat available beside a middle-aged man that had his head down and seemed to be lost in his thoughts. I was glad that he didn't notice when I sat next to him as he just continued to look down towards the floor.那天我搭乘火车时,不知道出于什么原因火车上异常拥挤,这是过去不曾发生过的。
山东自考英语二课文原文及翻译(精选)
山东自考本科英语二课本原文及翻译Unit 1 Text AHow Difficult Is English? 英语有多难Like the national push for Asian literacy (n.有文化,有教养,有读写能力)in Australia,there has been foreign languages fervor in China,with English on top of the list.就如澳大利亚在全国推行学亚洲语言一样,中国也掀起一股外语热,在这股热潮中,英语高居榜首。
English is not only taught at schools,colleges and universities,but also at evening classes,on radio and TV.不仅各级学校教英语,夜校、电台、电视台也都设有英语课程。
Parents hire private tutors for their school children;adult English learners would sacrifice the weekend at an English corner in a public park practicing their spoken English with peop1e of the same interest and determination.父母为学龄的孩子聘请英语家教,成年英语学习者会牺牲周末休息日,到公园参加英语角,与志趣相投的英语学习者练习口语。
Is English such a difficult language that it really demands people to invest a large amount of time and energy before it is mastered ?英语真的有这么难,需要人们投入大量的时间和精力才能掌握吗?The answer,if I am asked to offer,is undoubtedly,yes.如果我被问及这个问题,那么毫无疑问,我的答案是:是的。
新版自考英语(二)课文及翻译atributetothedog
Unit 3 Text BA Tribute to the Dog狗的赞歌The best friend a man has in this world may turn against him and become his enemy. His son or daughter whom he has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful. Those who are nearest and dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name, may become traitors to their faith.一个人在世上最好的朋友可能背叛他,变成他的敌人。
他精心养育的儿女可能会忘恩负义。
那些和我们最亲近的人,那些我们信任,将自己的幸福和名誉托付给他们的人也许会背信弃义。
The money that a man has he may lose. It flies away from him, perhaps when he needs it most. A man's reputation may be sacrificed in a moment of ill-considered action. The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is with us may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our head s. The one absolutely, unselfish friend a man may have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous, is his dog.一个人拥有的钱财可能会失去。
英语本科段自学考试英汉翻译教程Unit2 History.doc
Unit2 HistoryLesson 4 (E—C)Ngland Before the Idndustrial RevolutionThe contry was a place where men worked form dawn to dark, and the labourer lived not in thd sun, but in poverty and karkness. What aids there were to lighten labour were immemorial, like the mill, which was already ancient in Chaucer’s time. The Industrial Revolution began with such machines; the millwrights were the engineers of the coming age. James Brindley of Staffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of seventeen, having been born poor in a illage.Brindley’s improvements were practical: to sharpen and step up the performance of the water wheel as a machine. It was the first multi-purpose machine for the new industries. Brindley worked, for example, to improve the grinding of flints, which were used in the rising pottery industry.Yet there was a bigger movement in the air by 1750. water had become the engineers’element, and men like Brindley were possessed by it. Water was gushing and fanning out all over the countryside. It was not simply a source of power, it was a new wave of movement. James brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or, as it was then called, ‘navigation’.Brindley had begun on his own account, out of interest, to survey the waterways that he travelled as he went about his engineering projects for mills and mines. The Duke of Bridgewater then got him to build a canal to carry coal from the Duke’s pits at Worsley to the rising town of Manchester…. Brindley went on to connect Manchester with Liverpool in an even bolder manner, and in all laid out almost four hundred miles of cannals in a network all over England.Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterise all the Industrial Revolution. One is that the men who made the revolution were practical men. Like Brindley, they often had little education, and in fact school education as it then was could only dull an inventive mind. The grammar schools legally could only teach the classical subjects for which they had been founded. The universities also(there were only two, at Oxford and Cambridge) took little interest in modern or scientific studies; and they were closed to those who did not conform to the Church of England.The other outstanding feature is that the new invetions were for veryday use. The canals were arteries of communication: They were not made to carry pleasure boat, but barges. And the barges were not made to carry luxuries,but pots and pans and bales of cloth, boxes of ribbon, and all the common things that people buy by the pennyworth. These things had been manufactured in villages which were growing into towns now, away from London; it was a country-wide trade.(from J. Bronowski, The Ascent of Man)译文:工业革命前的英国在农村,人们从早到晚都得干活,劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下,而是生活在贫困和黑暗中,那些帮助减轻劳动的机械都不知从哪个年代起就有了。
自考英语二词汇表(正序+乱序)
单词中文scientific a.科学的comb n.梳子use up消耗;用尽career n.生涯,经历;职业,事业because conj.因为delightful a.令人高兴的;讨人喜欢的know v.知道democrat n.民主主义者,民主人士;民主党党员increasingly ad.不断增加地beer n.啤酒criticise vt.批评,批判research into研究remind...of使…想起…relax vt./vi.松驰,放松;松懈,缓和shock n.打击;震动 v.震动unanswered a.未予答复的;无响应的,无报答的when ad.&pron.什么时候finger n.手指come into contact with开始做某事,着手route n.路线;航线bend n.弯曲 v.弯曲seek to追求,争取modest a.谦虚的if conj.如果device n.装置,器械;方法,手段euthanasia n.无痛楚的死亡;安乐死Jerome Kagan杰罗姆·卡根shepherd n.牧羊人plan n.&vt.计划repetition n.重复,反复;背诵disturbance n.骚动,动乱;打扰,干扰liquid a.液体的,液态的 n.液体completion n.完成,结束;完满inevitably ad.不可避免地,必然地wine n.葡萄酒continuous a.连续的esteem vt./n.尊敬,尊重borrow vt.借unattractive a.无吸引力的;不引人注意的Debussy德彪西(法国作曲家)be faced with面临,面对responsibility n.责任,责任心;职责,义务Benjamin Crocker本杰明·克罗克(人名)gradual a.逐渐的vocabulary n.词汇(量);词(汇)表toxicity n.毒性engine n.发动机Ptolemy托勒密(古希腊天文学家、地理学家及数学家) extinct a.熄灭了的;消亡了的;灭绝的,绝种的decade n.十年,十年期stream n.川 v.流,涌point n.点 v.指向;指出radical a.根本的,基本的;激进的light-sensitive a.光敏的observatory n.天文台;了望台express a.急速的;特殊的ability n.能力,能耐have...to do with与…有关solve v.解决for the sake of为了…之好处;为了…的目的white-collar a.白领阶层的,从事脑力劳动的dare vt.挑战June n.六月abuse vt./n.滥用,妄用;虐待,凌辱stress n.压力;应力;重音;强调 vt.强调,着重correlation n.相互关系,关联etc.(=et cetera)[缩][拉]以及其他,等等chicken n.小鸡answer vt.回答get one's teeth into死死咬住;认真对待,全神贯注于sufficient a.充分的educate vt.教育sort through整理,把…分类trip n.旅行 n.&vi.摔倒compose vt.组成,构成;创作(音乐,文学作品)calm a.平静的;镇静的 n.平静act out将…表演出来;(用行动)表示出来grade n.等级awaken vi.醒,觉醒 vt.唤醒,使觉醒;唤起,激起lean vi./vt.倾斜;靠,倚;依赖,依靠meaning n.意义Thorne Middle School桑恩中学postgraduate a.大学毕业后的,大学研究院的 n.研究生chemical a.化学的 n.化学制品,化学药品acquaintance n.认识,了解;相识的人,熟人duty n.义务groom n.新郎protect vt.保护owe v.欠债violet n.紫罗兰;紫罗兰色 a.紫罗兰色的cook n.厨师message n.消息long a.长的something pron.某事representative n.代表,代表人 a.典型的,有代表性的factor n.因素,要素go to hell见鬼去(骂人用法)scientifically ad.科学地thaw vi.融化,解冻 vt.使融化;使缓和inspect vt.检查,视察tenseness n.紧张;绷紧male a.男的threaten vt.威胁,扬言要;预示,是…的征兆underlying a.在下面的;基本的;含蓄的,潜在的case n.事predict vt./vi.预言;预示guilt n.有罪;内疚commentary on对…的评论fulfill vt.履行,完成record n.档案 v.记录;录音replicate vt.重复;复制boil n.沸点poverty n.贫穷,贫困;贫乏hour n.小时congress n.国会,议会;参议院,上院establishment n.建立,创办;机构tangible a.可触摸的,可感知的;确实的,真实的democratic a.民主的,民主主义的hang on to紧紧握住;依靠,求助于mental a.智力的,脑力的;精神的,思想上的upheaval n.胀起,(地壳)的隆起;剧变,动乱cease vt./vi./n.停止,结束carry out实行;完成editor n.编辑,编者guide n.向导 v.指导mechanical a.机械的;机械学的,力学的;呆板的role n.角色;作用composer n.作曲家western a.西方的congressman n.([复]congressmen) (美)国会议员corner n.角落cope with对付;处理tricky a.狡猾的,耍花招的;难以处理的him pron.他rest n.休息doubt n.&v.怀疑proud a.自豪的perfect a.完美的,完满的;完全的 vt.使完美,改善conversely ad.相反地dry a.干的either pron.两者之一unhappy n.不快乐的,愁苦的;不幸的million num.百万coin n.硬币,钱币 vt.创造(新词)remnant n.残余,剩余;残余物,残存部分shift vt./vi.替换;转移 n.转换,转移;轮班in reality实际上,事实上sometime ad.在某一时刻social a.社会的;交际的,社交的subtly ad.精巧地,精妙地;微妙地,难以捉摸地animal n.动物to excess过分,过度,过量grave a.严重的;严肃的,庄重的 n.坟墓in case若;如果;万一competitive a.竞争的,比赛的range n.范围;山脉 vi.平行denote v.指示,指出;代表,为…的符号grateful a.感激的eyewitness n.目击者;见证人animated a.栩栩如生的;生气勃勃的;被赋予生命的infinitely ad.无限地,无穷地grip vt./n.紧握,紧夹;掌握,控制try v.&n.尝试quicksand n.流沙cut n.&v.切turn one's back on不理, 背弃weapon n.武器,兵器get into进入,陷入;染上(习惯)urge v.催促;促进attitude toward对…的态度;意见preference n.(for,to)偏爱;优先(权)China n.中国story n.故事continued a.继续的,连续的intend vt.想要;打算rich a.富有的eight num.八theoretical a.理论上的delicate a.细软的,纤细的;精美的;微妙的infrastructure n.基础;基础结构missing a.不见的;缺少的arise vi.出现,发生;(from)由…引起courage n.勇气go wrong走错路;失败,出毛病cotton n.棉花legal a.法律上的;合法的activate vt.使活动,使起作用scientist n.科学家submissiveness n.服从,顺从leaf n.叶子become vi.成为be busy doing忙于做(某事)baggage n.行李beyond prep.超越export vt.输出,出口 n.输出品,输出,出口sir n.先生ignorance n.无知,愚昧;不知relief n.(痛苦,压迫等)减轻,宽慰;救济provide somebody with给某人提供…sport n.运动must v.aux.必须Halloween n.万圣节前夕confusion n.混乱,慌乱;混淆worthy n.杰出人物ethics n.伦理学;伦理观,道德标准criminal a.犯罪的,违法的 n.罪犯,犯人identify vt.认出,鉴定;认为…等同于(with) junction n.连接,结合;结合点,交叉点tiny a.很少的journalism n.新闻业;[总称]报刊;新闻学medium n.媒介物,传导体 a.中等的,适中的temporary a.暂时的,临时的scope n.(活动,影响能力等的)范围not that...but that不是因为…而是因为take on具有;担任(工作等);雇佣sample n.样品,标本 vt.从…抽样version n.版本,译本,改写本;说法prevention n.阻止,妨碍,预防future n.未来Austria奥地利lessen vt.减少,减轻;缩小,贬低 vi.变少overcome vt.战胜;克服haze n.薄雾general a.普通的with regard to关于…,对于…up-to-date a.最新的,现代化的;直至目前的jazz n.爵士乐weaken vt.削弱,减弱 vi.变弱drop v.滴下slight a.轻微的feel bitter at对…怀恨endless a.无止境的,没完没了的Wednesday n.星期三excellent a.优秀的we pron.我们Chinese n.中国人kid n.小孩,小伙子so ad.因此bone n.骨头keep pace with同速前进;并驾齐驱enough a.&ad.&n.足够smoke n.烟compel vt.强迫(to)resistance n.抵抗,反抗;抵抗力,阻力;电阻feminine a.女性的,似女性的;[语法]阴性的preparation for为…做的准备miner n.矿工art n.艺术break up打碎;结束;驱散;散开;分解poll n.选举;民意测验 vt.得到选票 vi.投票injury n.损害,伤害;受伤处however ad.无论如何article n.文章,论文;条款,条文;物件;冠词partial a.偏袒的,偏心的,对…偏袒;部分的tea n.茶accomplishment n.完成;成就;[pl.]造诣,技能adjective n.形容词tier n.排层;等级navigational a.航行的,导航的scatter vt.撒播;使散开,驱散 vi.分散,消散eclecticism n.折衷主义take in吸收;让…进入;接纳,接受call up打电话;使想起,使忆起indifference n.冷漠;不感兴趣(to)emergency n.紧急情况;突发事件spouse n.配偶 vt.和…结婚recall vt.回忆,回想;召回;撤消,收回ought v.aux.应当;应该hundred num.百anywhere ad.无论何处emotional a.感情的,情绪的hotel n.旅馆writer n.作家,作者to rule out把…排除在外;排除…的可能性increase v.&n.增加convict vt.证明…有罪(of);宣判 n.罪犯of...interest有…兴趣central a.中心的Euphrates幼发拉底河(流经土耳其、叙利亚和伊拉克) repeatedly ad.反复地famous a.著名的Harry Emerson Fosdick福斯迪克hostility n.敌意,敌视furnish vt.供应,提供;装备,(用家具)布置appreciate vt.欣赏,鉴赏;正确评价,鉴别;感激dozen n.一打,十二个;十来个,十几个killer n.杀人者,凶手salespeople n.售货员,营业员,店员poverty n.贫穷pervasive a.弥漫的,渗透的;遍布的resonance n.回声,反响;共振,共鸣award n.奖品do v.实行soldier n.士兵rise v.上升evident a.明显的,明白的blame...on把…归咎于land n.陆地 v.登岸overturn vt./n.打翻;推翻,颠覆,毁灭 vi.翻身peasant n.农夫be v.是ice n.冰derive vt.由…得到 vi.起源,由…派生dwarf n.矮子;[天]矮星birth n.出生multiple a.多样的,复合的 n.倍数homely a.家庭的;简单的,平常的Mrs n.夫人root n.根(部);根源 v.(使)生根,(使)扎根base n.底部;基数anyone pron.任何一个take place发生Alaska阿拉斯加(美国州名)nearly ad.几乎traditional a.传统的be unable to不能做某事disaster n.灾难,大祸acronym n.首字母缩略词lady n.女士negative a.否定的traveler n.旅客,旅游者silence n.寂静;沉默slope n.斜面,斜坡;倾斜,坡度measurement n.衡量,测量to some extent在某种程度上sunlight n.日光,太阳光suppose vt.推想;假使km n.(=kilometer)公里;千公尺tighten vt./vi.(使)变紧;拧紧trade-off n.(对不能同时兼顾的因素)权衡;物物交换Newfoundland纽芬兰(加拿大岛或省名)accomplish vt.完成(任务等)thank vt.&n.感谢ten num.十Toyota(日)丰田汽车公司food n.食物avoid vt.避免,避开program n.=programme计划;程序;节目 vt.编程序grab vt./n.攫取;抓取 vi.攫取;抓住(at) George Bush乔治·布什run across偶然碰见,偶然发现;作短暂旅行household n.家庭,户 a.家庭的,家常的asleep a.睡着的initiate vt.开始,创始,发起;倡议,提出anybody pron.任何人proximity n.接近,亲近,近似disapprove vt./vi.不赞成(of)crush vt.压碎,碾碎;镇压,压倒Wales威尔士grandfather n.祖父;外祖父fascination n.令人着迷的事物,魅力;迷恋diagnose vt./vi.诊断(疾病);判断react vi.反应,起作用;起反作用garbage n.废料,垃圾,污物hold v.保持end in以…告终productivity n.生产率;丰饶,多产disturbance n.扰乱,打扰;骚乱,混乱;心神不安,烦恼appetite n.食欲,胃口;欲望train n.火车 v.训练related a.有关的,相关的(to);有亲戚关系的explosion n.爆炸,爆发manager n.经理curtail vt.截短,缩短;削减disrupt vt.使破裂;使分裂;扰乱,使中断significantly ad.有意义地,意味深长地;重大地debt n.债务leg n.腿adequate a.充足的,充分的;胜任的pace n.(一)步;步速,节奏 vi.踱步;用步量page n.页;记录hang up把…挂起来;挂断(电话);延迟,拖延attention n.注意superior a.较好的,优的;上级的 n.上级,长官wish v.希望 n.愿望;希望alarming a.惊人的,吓人的disapproval n.不赞成;不许可born a.出生的be reluctant to不情愿做某事as to至于,关于son n.儿子run v.跑popularity n.普及,流行;名望,受欢迎potential a.潜在的,可能的 n.潜力,潜能forestland n.林地individualistic a.个人主义(者)的anxiety n.焦虑,挂念;渴望,热望clothes n.衣服ceiling n.天花板lower a.较低的digest vt.消化 n.文摘frequent a.频繁的wrong n.错误final n.结局;最后nose n.鼻子nutrient a.营养的,滋养的 n.营养物,营养品Jerusalem耶路撒冷(西南亚巴勒斯坦地区著名古城) salty a.含盐的,咸的astronaut n.宇航员uniqueness n.独一无二;独特marriage n.结婚luck n.运气take v.拿走clerk n.办事员,公务员;(美)店员concentrate vt.集中,聚集;浓缩 vi.集中,专心translate v.翻译;解释condense vt.使冷凝,浓缩;缩短 vi.浓缩;凝结careless a.粗心的entrance n.进入;入口,门口;入场,入会,入学demographer n.人口学家allocate vt.分配,分派;把…拨给;把…划归unlike prep.不像…,和…不同 a.不相似的,不同的turn on开,接通(水源,电源,煤气等)work out作出;制定出researcher n.研究者,调查者,探索者below prep.在…下面funny a.有趣的eyeball n.眼球nucleus n.(原子)核;核心accurate a.准确的,精确的tire n.(=tyre)轮胎purpose n.目的;打算attract vt.吸引,引起…的注意cheat vt.欺骗,骗取 vi.行骗,作弊 n.欺骗;骗子mix v.混合author n.作者moral a.道德(上)的,有道德的 n.道德;寓意none ad.毫不mind n.头脑 v.介意observe vt.注意到,察觉到;观察;遵守,奉行owner n.所有者bulge n.不规则突起;鼓起之处readily ad.乐意地;很快地,容易地climb v.攀登science n.科学spell n.魅力 v.拼写definition n.定义,释义portray vt.描绘;描写;描述pay attention to注意fade vi.凋谢,枯萎;(颜色)褪去vt.使褪色empty a.空的indigestible a.难消化的;不能消化的conservative a.保存的,防腐的;保守的,守旧的heaven n.天堂with relevance to与…有关crop n.农作物threat n.威胁,恐吓;凶兆,征兆rightful a.合法的;正义的,正直的;正当的employer n.雇佣者,雇主to begin首先,开始instance n.例,实例occupation n.占领;占有;职业spill vt./vi.使溢出,使散落;溢出fundamental a.基本的,根本的 n.基本原则,基本原理operate v.运转,起作用;动手术;操作;经营classified a.分类的,被归为一类的;保密的,机密的cinema n.电影院new a.新的negative a.否定的;负的,阴性的 n.底片;负数everything pron.每一件事threatening a.威胁(性)的,凶兆的entity n.存在,实体;统一性do with处理;忍受be characteristic of为…所特有,是…的特征starve vi.饿死;挨饿;极需,渴望 vt.使挨饿along prep.沿着;往前waste n.废物Ford(美国)福特汽车公司;福特牌汽车problem n.问题embarrassment n.窘迫;使人为难的事class n.班gathering n.聚集;集会Moussorgsky穆索尔斯基(俄国作曲家)underground a.地下的;秘密的 ad.在地下;隐蔽地autumn n.秋天put aside放在一边,撇开储存attach...to使…与…相关,把…附加到prevent vt.防止pipe n.管子,导管;烟斗 vt.用管道输送make sense有意义theatre n.电影院 (=theater)neurotic a.神经病的;神经过敏的bitter a.痛苦的mock vt./vi.愚弄,嘲弄 a.假的,模拟的reward n.报酬fate n.命运;注定aggression n.侵犯,侵略soap n.肥皂bag n.包begin v.开始with a vengeance猛烈地;过度地unaware a.未认识到的,未察觉到的,不知道的egg n.鸡蛋organization n.组织;团体,机构write v.写authoritative a.权威性的;官方的,当局的appointment n.任命;约会hospital n.医院vitamin n.维生素post n.邮件 ad.加速地Chile智利merit n.优点,长处;功绩,功劳motive n.动机,目的map n.地图unethical a.不合伦理的;不合道德的typical a.典型的,代表性的let go of放手;放开prospective a.预期的;未来的weep vi.哭泣fourteen num.十四diverse a.不同的,相异的;多种多样的wipe v.&n.擦hungry a.饥饿的fly vi.飞翔voyager n.航海者,航空者,航行者;旅行者repair v.&n.修理symbolically ad.象征地,象征性地slippery a.滑的;圆滑的Oxford牛津;牛津大学resource n.资源,财力;谋略,应付办法upon prep.在…之上grandson n.孙子;外孙子whether conj.是否incidence n.影响程度,影响范围;发生率neighbour n.邻居graze vi./vt.喂草;放牧;(牲畜)吃草burn v.烧Berlioz柏辽兹(法国作曲家,指挥家及音乐评论家) photochemical a.光化作用的,光化学的cultivated a.耕种的;栽培的;有修养的,文雅的add up to总和是;[口]总起来意味着supernova n.[天]超新星push v.&n.推动draw on用做来源,依靠;临近adjustment n.调整skilled a.熟练的;有技能的principle n.原理,原则;主义,信念hardworking a.努力工作advantage n.优势;长处look up(在词典,参考书等中)查检tend vi.易于,往往会;倾向于 vt.照管,护理attach vt.固定住,系;附加,隶属;使喜爱marble n.弹子;大理石 a.大理石的,大理石般的planet n.行星ease n.容易;舒适,安逸 vt./vi.缓和,减轻vessel n.船,舰;容器,器皿education n.教育here n.这dictionary n.字典reporter n.记者;新闻广播员arrangement n.安排;整理,布置month n.月proceeding n.程序,进程;项目,活动,会议文集at large普遍地,一般地;自由地,逍遥自在地border n.边界leave...alone不管,不理;听其自然badly ad.严重地droplet n.小滴inspire vt.鼓舞;使产生灵感evening n.晚上choose vt.选择inexpensive a.花费不多的,价钱不贵的advantage n.优点,优越;好处enter vt.进入liability n.责任,义务;债务,负债;不利条件pumpkin n.南瓜search for搜寻,搜查,探察enemy n.敌人entertainment n.娱乐,游艺,技艺表演;招待,款待appreciation n.欣赏,鉴赏;正确评价;感激,感谢regional a.地区的,局部的mail n.邮件,邮递 vt.邮寄respect v.&n.尊敬;尊重fond a.喜爱的beautiful a.美丽的incident n.事件scarce a.缺乏的,不足的;稀有的,珍贵的technique n.技术;技巧,手艺signal n.信号interviewer n.接见者;面谈者thrust vt.插,挤;戳,刺 n.戳,刺;推力dream of梦见;梦想of...value有…价值everybody pron.每一人achievement n.完成,达到;成就,成绩plantation n.种植园,大农场;植树造林backache n.背痛,腰痛police n.警察 a.警察机关的comfortable a.舒适的Yale(美国)耶鲁大学strongly ad.强有力地;牢固地;坚强地;强烈地digression n.离题;偏离aspect n.方面;外表,面貌foggy a.雾的,有雾的,多雾的imitative a.模仿的;仿制的stricken a.被打中的,被击伤的;受灾的,受侵袭的twin a./n.双胞胎(的)[Twins][天]双子座expect vt.期待remark vt./vi.说,评论,议论 n.评论,看法harmful a.(对…)有害的(to)possess vt.具有,拥有manageable a.易管理的darkness n.黑暗;晦暗be willing to愿意,乐意White House白宫(美国总统官邸),美国政府Hawaii夏威夷(美国州名)upset vt.打翻;使苦恼 a.心烦意乱的,不安的harmony n.协调,和谐;融洽,一致Albert Einstein爱因斯坦(美籍德国理论物理学家)context n.上下文,语境signal n.信号,暗号 vt./vi.(向…)发信号far a.远的tiger n.虎foundation n.根据;基金会;基础,地基underestimate vt.低估;看轻confront vt.面对,遭遇;正视,对抗while n.一会儿industry n.工业beloved a.为…所爱的;亲爱的 n.心爱的人,爱人policeman n.警察correspondent n.对应物;新闻通讯员,记者,通信者bare a.赤裸的;无遮蔽的;仅仅的,勉强的boredom n.厌烦,厌倦;乏味,无聊northwestern a.在西北的,向西北的;来自西北的gate n.大门variable n.变量 a.易变的,可变的;变量的immediately ad.立即地,即刻地;直接地,紧密地surprisingly ad.惊人地;出乎意料地able a.有才能的,能够的admire vt.钦佩;赞美;赞赏rule n.规则;惯例inch n.英寸make a guess at猜测slip v.&n.滑倒chemistry n.化学opt vi.抉择,选择(for),在…之间选择intelligently ad.明智地,聪明地visual a.视觉的,看得见的assumption n.假定,设想;承担,采取in the face of在…面前,当着…的面;不顾pursuit n.追踪,追捕;追求,寻求;乐趣,消遣her pron.她privacy n.私事,私生活;隐私;独处compare...with与…比较sea n.大海yourself pron.你自己climate n.气候freedom n.自由clipboard n.带弹簧夹子的书写板drunk a.(酒)醉的logic n.逻辑(学);逻辑性,条理性;理由,道理insistently ad.坚持地aware a.意识到的,知道的(of)paragraph n.(文章的)段落,节thirteen num.十三mail n.邮件improvement n.改进,增进play v.做游戏 n.游戏demography n.人口统计学as fresh as paint精神饱满preschool a.学龄前的,入学前的opposition n.反对,反抗;对立,意见相反meaningful a.富有意义的,意味深长的field n.原野being n.存在effective a.有效果的,有成效的stop...from阻止…做positively ad.确定地,明确地;积极地,肯定地following a.接着的,下列的commitment n.承担的责任或义务,承诺undue a.过度的,过分的efficiency n.效率;功效,效能,实力Harry S. Truman杜鲁门(美国第33任总统)Sweden瑞典radio n.收音机subtle a.精巧的,精妙的;微妙的,难以捉摸的ritual n.仪式,典礼 a.仪式的,典礼的dominate vt./vi.统治,支配,控制girl n.女孩give up放弃;交出,让出bite v.咬 n.咬necessarily ad.必然,必定fortune n.财富;运气struggle n.竞争;奋斗 vi.奋斗anxious a.焦急的Tokyo东京senior a.年长的;大学四年级的 n.年长者digestive a.消化(食物)的sure a.对…有把握complain vt./vi.抱怨(of,about)timber n.木材,木料;树林,树林hit v.打击brother n.兄弟Japan n.日本correspondence n.符合,一致;通信incapable a.无能力的;不能的(of)cruel a.残忍的distinguish vt.区别,辨别 vi.区别,辨别do research into进行…的研究partly ad.部分地;在一定程度上sake n.缘故hunt vt.追猎;搜索 vi.打猎;搜寻 n.打猎soul n.灵魂;精神model n.模型;样式agent n.代理人,代理商;起作用的人或物prevalent a.流行的,普通的expensive a.昂贵的at least至少,起码;无论如何performance n.执行;表现,工作性能;演出,演奏derive from从…得到,源出于…also ad.也lead v.领导 n.领导,领先multimedia a.多种手段的;多媒体的 n.多媒体throughout prep.遍及 ad.到处have an edge应付过去enjoyable a.愉快的;快乐的;有趣的respond to作答,回答;对…作出反应,响应Saudi n.沙特阿拉伯人 a.沙特阿拉伯(人或语)的sociable a.好交际的;友善的little a.小的generation n.一代(人);产生,发生conclude vt.推断出,推论出;结束vi.结束,终了action n.行动;作用(on)crowd n.人群somehow ad.以某种方式,用某种方法giant n.巨人;巨物,巨大的动物 a.巨大的distractor n.分散注意力的东西broad a.宽的,阔的;广泛的edit vt.编辑,编选quite ad.十分;非常interact vi.互相作用;互相影响;交往difference n.差别competitor n.竞争者;对手dynamo n.[电]发电机;精力,精力充沛的人roof n.屋顶schedule n.时间表,日程安排表 vt.安排,排定sheet n.片ensure vt.保证,担保devote vt.投入于commit suicide自杀length n.长度coronary a.冠的;冠状的 n.冠状动脉aunt n.姑妈obsessive a.缠人的,强迫性的;过分的bake v.烘烤friendliness n.友好check with与…相符,一致pick v.摘;拾取as to关于;至于wonderful a.令人惊叹的occasionally ad.偶尔地,间或capture vt.捕获;夺得,占领 n.捕获,捕获物safe a.安全的proverb n.谚语,格言domestic adj.家庭的,家务的;国内的n.家仆,佣人purple n.紫色,紫红色 a.紫色chunk n.一大块,一厚块 vt.分块,组块Greek a.希腊的;希腊人(语)的 n.希腊语(人) exact a.精确的,正确的evidence n.根据,证据level n.水平some a.&pron.一些sex n.性别five num.五surgery n.外科,外科手术;手术室categorize n.分类management n.管理,经营;管理部门;资方type n.类型,种类,品种 vt./vi.打字restrict vt.限制,约束permissible a.容许的,准许的border on接界,接壤;近似,接近seemingly ad.表面地;近乎真实地in hand手头上有flow vi.流动aside ad.在旁边character n.特性factory n.工厂head n.头everyone pron.每人cellular-phone n.移动电话sharpen vt.削尖,磨尖;使敏锐,使敏捷associate vt.把…联系在一起;交往 n.同事 a.副的reminder n.提醒者,提醒物;暗示,提示breadwinner n.养家糊口的人Giuseppe Verdi威尔弟(意大利作曲家,作歌剧30余部) Johnson约翰逊(美国第36任总统)creature n.生物,动物;人quantity n.量,数量clear...of把…从…中清除painting n.画;绘画,绘画艺术;(上)油漆ride v.骑;乘display n./vt.陈列,展览;显示trust n.&v.信任acid n.酸,酸性物质 a.酸的escalator n.自动扶梯theme n.题目,主题;主旋律popular a.流行的,通俗的,大众的;受欢迎的nonviolent a.非暴力的,不使用暴力的lunar a.月亮的specific a.具体的,明确的;特定的,特有的generalize vt.归纳,概括出,从…引出一般结论;推广but conj.但是control n.控制dime n.10分铸币;小钱,少量的钱toss a coin掷硬币;(与某人)掷硬币以作决定District of Columbia(美) (D.C.)哥伦比亚特区make use of利用mark n.&v.标志Gulf Stream墨西哥湾流behavior n.行为,举止;运转情况,表现情况pass...on to将…交给别人smoker n.吸烟者diameter n.直径sketch n.草图;速写 vt.绘略图,画素描;简述partly ad.部分;几分transportation n.运输;运输系统,运输工具mother n.母亲individual a.个别的,单独的n.个人,个体rabbit n.兔handful n.一把,一小撮alert a.警觉,警惕的(to);活泼的,敏捷的sincerity n.真诚besides ad.此外as a result of作为…的结果goings and comings来往;活动,发生的事introduce v.介绍grandmother n.祖母,外祖母investigate vt./vi.调查,调查研究ditch n.沟,沟渠 vt./vi.开渠;筑渠strong a.强壮的keep v.保持table n.桌子large a.大的rating n.等级,规格; (电视)收视率Singapore新加坡岛;新加坡;新加坡市formula n.(formulas或formulae)公式functional a.功能的;职务上的;实用的aside ad.在旁边,到(或向)一边defective a.有缺点的;有缺陷的presidency n.总统(或校长)职务(职权,任期);管辖audience n.听众;观众air n.空气belonging n.[常pl.]所有物;行李instrument n.工具;手段equally ad.相等地,平等地;同样地usual a.经常的technician n.技术员;技术专家overall a.综合的,全面的,全部的rumor n.谣言;传闻recording n.录制(尤指广播,电视等)节目nevertheless ad.仍然,然而,不过pause vi./n.暂停,中止industrialize vt.(使)工业化capable a.有能力的visualize vt.想像,设想oxide n.氧化物east n.东方mud n.泥,泥浆golden a.金色的box n.盒子expressive a.表达的;富于表情的,富于表现力的instruction n.教学,指导;命令,指示,用法说明primary a.初级的;首要的,主要的,基本的do without没有…也行;将就,设法accessible a.易接近的;易受影响的(to);可理解的news n.新闻cow n.母牛Charles Erickson查理士·埃里克森(人名)behave vi.举动,举止;表现compassion n.同情;怜悯(for)strain n.劳累,极度紧张 vt.绷紧 vi.尽力search for寻求,探求necessity n.需要,必要性;必需品audience n.听众,观众,读者Englishman n.英国人accurately ad.准确地,精确地due a.应得的offspring n.子女,后代;(动物的)崽;(植物的)幼苗inside n.里面;内部mercy n.慈悲,仁慈,宽容against prep.反抗experiential a.经验的;凭经验的bright a.聪明的salary n.薪水moonlight n.月光intelligence n.智力,理解力,聪明;情报,消息perspective n.透视,透视画法;远景,展望;观点,看法dividend n.红利,股息;回报,效益kindness n.仁慈,好意;仁慈的行为as well as除…之外(也);和whom pron.谁calcium n.钙(化学符号Ca)con ad.从反面 n.反对的意见;反对者possible a.可能的immigration n.移居;外来的移民pure a.纯粹的learned a.有学问的,博学的 a.经训练学到的direction n.方向initial a.最初的,开始的;词首的 n.首字母touching a.动人的,使人感伤的valley n.流域rare a.稀有的,难得的nervous a.神经系统的;神经紧张的centre n.中心 (=center)diamond n.钻石;菱形speculation about关于…猜测silk n.丝绸hate v.憎恨beat v.敲打;打sulfur n.(=sulphur)硫,硫磺psychological a.心理(学)的deforestation n.开伐森林,砍掉(土地)上的树林birthday n.生日grouse n.松鸡in search of寻找,寻求allocate...for分配给…;配给oppose vt.反对,反抗;使相对,使对抗(to) tongue n.舌头merry a.欢乐的,愉快的define vt.解释,给…下定义;限定,规定guilty a.内疚的;有罪的Negro n.黑人subconsciously ad.下意识地,潜意识地double a.两倍的 ad.双重地 n.双打 vt.使加倍court n.法院 v.求爱team n.队loan n.暂借,贷款 vt.借出,贷予originate vi./vt.发源;发生,发起aim for瞄准;以…为目标be confronted with面临,面对emotion n.情绪both prep.两者fortunately ad.幸运地,幸亏force n.力量protect...from防御(危险;敌人等)short-term a.短期的computerize vt.电子计算机化,用电子计算机计算fatal a.致命的,毁灭性的digital a.手指的,指状的;数字的,计数的monitor n.监控器;班长 vt./vi.监视,监控tense vt./vi.拉紧,(使)紧张 a.绷紧的,紧张的manufacture vt.制造,加工 n.制造,制造业;产品swallow vt.吞咽 n.燕子delicious a.美味的;(味觉或嗅觉)使人愉快的desk n.书桌literal a.精确的,如实的;逐字的,字面的serene a.安详的;宁静的friend n.朋友forecast vt.预测,预报;预示relation n.关系;联系fair a.公平的male a.雄的;男(性)的 n.男子;雄性动物America n.美国;美洲take to开始从事;养成…的习惯;培养对…的爱好go on a diet节食supermarket n.超级市场robot n.机器人;自动控制装置quiet a.安静的analyze vt.分析wild a.野性的feature n.特征;相貌 vt.以…为特色 vi.起重要作用thick a.厚的;稠的deny vt.否定,否认;拒绝接受,拒绝给予expose to暴露;面临;曝露trick n.诡计;恶作剧nurse n.护士rest upon依赖,依靠crash a.紧急的,速成的Cincinnati辛辛那提(美国俄亥俄州西南部城市)swear vt./vi.诅咒,咒骂;宣誓n.誓言;骂人话quick a.&ad.快imagine vt.设想;想象misconception n.误解,错误想法;错误印象obtain vt.获得,得到to one's advantage对某人有利in terms of根据,按照;从…方面(来说)gesture n.姿势,手势;(外交等方面的)姿态,表示appoint vt.任命,委任(as);约定,指定radioactive a.[原]放射性的;放射引起的department n.部门scramble n.爬行,攀爬commercially ad.商业地,商务地compete vi.竞争,比赛religious a.宗教的;虔诚的shut vi.关上ship n.船deficiency n.缺乏,不足restriction n.限制;约束sonority n.响亮,洪亮summer n.夏天volcano n.火山Johannes Brahms勃拉姆斯(1833-1897年,德国作曲家) earthquake n.地震Asia n.亚洲managerial a.经理的,管理人的;管理上的,经营上的hunter n.猎人,狩猎者;搜寻者fifteen num.十五impression n.印象;印记,压痕alphabetize vt.按字母顺序排列,用字母表示at the rate of以…速度或比率feed v.饲养 n.饲料;食物pardon n.&v.原谅November n.十一月reasoning n.推论,推理family n.家庭sink v.下沉in series串联电路的;成串联的merchant n.商人from prep.从physical a.身体的;物理的;物质的,有形的lesser a.较小的;更少的;次要的disappear vi.消失distant a.在远处的,远隔的,久远的root n.根部;根源uncomfortably ad.不舒适地,不安地bless vt.赐福;祝福wet a.湿的respond vi.回答,答复;响应,有反应(to)attain vt.达到;完成school n.学校whisper v.&n.耳语;密谈amount n.数量,数额,总数 vi.合计,共计assembly n.集合;集会,与会者;装配,组装approve vt.赞成,同意;批准,核准Washington D.C.华盛顿(市)[美国首都]confirm vt.证实,肯定;批准;确认suck up吸收,吸出,吸起after prep.在…后period n.学期;学时twice ad.两次robotics n.机器人学,机器人技术imitator n.模仿者studio n.工作室;播音室,演播室;电影制片厂sensitive a.敏感的;灵敏的,感光的invasion n.入侵,侵略convict...of证明…有罪,宣判…有罪insert vt.插入,嵌入Valentine's Day n.情人节(2月14日)economist n.经济学家,经济专家;节俭的人consequently ad.所以,因此door n.门coast n.海岸,海滨(地区)your pron.你的,你们的discourage vt.使泄气,使沮丧;阻拦suit v.合适prediction n.预言,预计;预报dignified a.可敬的,高贵的owl n.猫头鹰consider v.考虑remedial a.治疗的,治疗上用的;补救的sixteen num.十六use v.&n.使用shocking n.令人震惊的,骇人听闻的personally ad.亲自,当面;就个人而言;个别地wise a.英明的 n.方法explore vt./vi.探险,勘探;探索,探究macaroni n.通心粉major a.较大的,主要的 n.专业 vi.主修needless a.不需要的,不必要的opportunity n.机会,时机wrestle vi.角力;摔交 n.角力或摔交比赛fruitful a.有成果的,有收获的contract n.合同,契约 vt./vi.订合同;收缩apply vi.申请,请求;适用 vt.应用,运用seaweed n.海草;海藻salaried a.拿薪水的,领工资的take a free ride免费搭车going n.进行状况 a.进行中的;现行的court vi./vt.求爱n.庭院;法庭;王宫;求爱make commitment to承诺;献身于,投入motivate vt.作为…的动机,激发tree n.树effect on对…的作用relaxation n.松弛,放松;缓和,减轻;休养buy vt.买wind n.风 v.绕celebrate vt.庆祝excerpt n.摘录,节录 vt.摘,引用polite a.有礼貌的mineral n.矿物,矿石 a.矿物(质)的trophy n.胜利纪念品,战利品;奖杯,奖品flatten vt.把…弄平 vi.变平alter vt./vi.改变,改动advanced a.先进的,高级的reexamine vt.再考,复试;再调查,再审查concern n.关心,挂念;关系 vt.涉及;使关心fifth num.第五hat n.帽子hydrogen n.氢flat a.平坦的how ad.如何on and off不时;断断续续地,间歇地recurrent a.一再发生的;复发的,反复出现的precede vt.先于…,比…优先 vi.在前面,领先diversity n.多样性earn vt.赚gather v.集合shopper n.购物者,顾客attribute n.属性,特征;vt.把…归因与(to) maximum n.最大限度,最大量 a.最高的,最大的acknowledge vt.承认;表示感谢remote a.遥远的,偏僻的;(可能性)很小的parrot n.鹦鹉dress n.女服live a.活的lifeless a.无生命的,死的;没有生气的,单调的。
自考英语二词汇表(带音标)
自考英语(二)词汇表organizational [,ɔ:ɡənai'zeiʃənəl, -ni'z-] a.组织(上)的goal[ɡəul]n.1.目的,目标;2.得分进球,球门objective[əb'dʒektiv, ɔb-]n.目标,目的;a.1.客观的,真实的;2如实的,无偏见的accomplish [ə'kʌmpliʃ, ə'kɔm-]vt.完成(任务等)predict[pri'dikt]vt./vi.预言;预示accompany[ə'kʌmpəni]vt.1.伴随,陪同; 2.为……伴奏implement['implimənt, 'impliment]vt.实现;完成(任务等);履行(协定、诺言等)constraint [kən'streint]n.1.强制;2强制因素,制约条件precedent[pri'si:dənt, 'presi-] n.先例,前例simplify['simplifai]vt.简化tendency['tendənsi]n.趋势,倾向managerial[,mæni'dʒiəriəl] a.1.经理的,管理人的;2管理上的,经营上的maker['meikə]n.制造者;制造商achievement[ə'tʃi:vmənt] n.1.完成,达到;2成就,成绩attain[ə'tein]vt.达到;完成optimal['ɔptiməl] a.最适宜的;最理想的suboptimization[sʌb,ɔptimai-'zeiʃən, -mi'z-] n.局部最优化(指使整体目标中的某个选定目标圆满实现)trade-off n.1.(对不能同时兼顾的因素)权衡;2物物交换argue['ɑɡju:]vt./vi.争辨,争论,辩论;vt.1.说服;2用辩论证明budget['bʌdʒit]n.预算;vt.1.把……编入预算;2安排,预定scheme[ski:m]n.计划;方案;vt./vi.计划,策划define[di'fain] vt.1.解释,给……下定义;2限定,规定multiple ['mʌltipl] a.多样的,复合的;n.倍数profitability[,prɑfɪtə'bɪlətɪ] n.赚钱,获利correctness[kə'rektnis] n.正确,正确性unintended[,ʌnin'tendid] a.非计划中的,非故意的ongoing['ɔn,ɡəuiŋ, 'ɔ:n-] a.进行中的,前进的entity['entəti]n.1.存在,实体;2统一性skilled [skild] a.熟练的;有技能的Word资料.in the way挡路;碍事make a guess at猜测moving['mu:viŋ] a.1.活动的,移动的;2.动人的,令人感动的sensitive['sensitiv] a.1.敏感的;2.灵敏的,感光的be affected with患有……疾病debate on关于……进行辩论make request for要求……be opposed to反对open up1.打开;2.开办,开辟,开发;3坦诚地或无拘束地谈话take……into account考虑到need for对……的需要opt out of决定不参加……,决定(从……)中退出have……at heart对某事十分关心conspiracy[kən'spirəsi]n.1.阴谋,密谋;2.阴谋集团,阴谋帮派old-boy ['əuld'bɔi]n.1.老同学;2.(招呼用)老朋友,老弟,老兄network['netwə:k] 1.[纺]网眼织物;2.网状物,网络escalator['eskəleitə]n.自动扶梯privilege['privilidʒ]n.特权;vt.给予……特权profession[prəu'feʃən]n. (尤指脑力劳动或受过专业训练的)职业graduate['ɡrædʒuət, -eit, 'ɡrædjueit, -dʒu-] vi.大学毕业,[美]毕业;vt.[主美]准予……毕业;a.1.毕业的;2.研究生的;n.大学毕业生,[美]毕业生unfair[,ʌn'fεə] a.不公平的,不公正的employment[im'plɔimənt]n.1.使用;2.雇佣;3.职业,工作publish['pʌbliʃ]vt.1.出版,刊印;2.公布,发表senior ['si:njə] a.1.年长的,年纪较大的;2.地位较高的,资历较深的;3.[英](大学)高年级的,[美]大学四年级的;n.1.年长者;2资历深者,上级appoint[ə'pɔint] vt.1.任命,委任(as);2.私营的,私立的;3秘密的,私下的headmaster['hed'mɑ:stə, -mæstə]n.(中学或小学的)校长leading ['li:diŋ] a.1.领导的,指引的;2.最重要的,主要的bias['baiəs]n.偏见;v.[常用被动语态]有偏见(常与against,towards连用)entry['entri]n.1.进入,入场(权),入会权;2.入口;3.登记,条目,账目merit['merit] n.1.优点,长处;2.功绩,功劳fiercely['fiəsli]ad.1.凶猛地,凶残地;2.猛烈地Word资料.competitive[kəm'petitiv] a.竞争的;比赛的entrance['entrəns] n.1.进入;2.入口,门口;3.入场,入会,入学additional[ə'diʃənəl] a.附加的,追加的;另外的abolish [ə'bɔliʃ]vt.废除(法律,习惯等);取消applicant['æplikənt] n.申请人,请求者performance[pə'fɔ:məns] n.1.执行,完成;2.表现,工作性能;3.演出,演奏accessible[ək'sesəbl] a.1.易接近的,能进去的;2.易受影响的(to);3可理解的(to)elite [ei'li:t, i'li:t] n.[集合名词]精英,杰出人物;a.杰出的,精英的academic[,ækə'demik] a.1.(高等)专科院校的,研究院的,学会的;2.学术的excellence['eksələns]n.优秀,杰出recruit[ri'kru:t]vt./vi.1.征募(新兵),吸收(新成员);2.聘用,补充;n.新兵;新成员equivalent [i'kwivələnt] a.1.相等的,相同的(to);2.等价的,等量的,等效的;n.1.等价(物),等量(物);2.对应词(或对应语)ivy['aivi]n.常青replicate['replikit, 'replikeit] vt.重复;复制elitist [ei'li:tist, i'-] n.1.杰出人物;2.杰出人物统治论者;adj.1.杰出人物的;2.杰出人物统治论的remedial [ri'mi:diəl, -djəl] a.1.治疗的,治疗上用的;2.补救的prime[praim] a.1.最初的,基本的;2.首要的,主要的;3.第一流的,最好的vision['viʒən]n.1.想象力,幻觉;2.视力,视觉;3.眼光classless[/'klɑ:slis/] a.1.无阶级的;2.不属于任何阶级的amount to 1.达到总计;2.相当于,等于on average平均blame……for为……责备某人by nature生来,天生,就其本性而言be worth doing值得做……slavery['sleivəri]n.1.奴隶制度,奴役;2.奴隶身份domestic[dəu'mestik]adj.1.家庭的,家务的;2.国内的,本国的;n.家仆,佣人Briton['britən] n.大不列颠人;英国人statistics[stə'tistiks]n.1.统计数字,统计资料;2.[用作单]统计学diplomat['dipləmæt] a.外交家;外交官Word资料.abroad[ə'brɔ:d]ad.到国外;在国外exploit['eksplɔit, ik's-]vt.1.开发,开采;2.利用;3.剥削abuse[ə'bju:z, ə'bju:s]vt./n.1.滥用,妄用;2.虐待,凌辱campaign[kæm'pein]n.1.战役;2.运动,参选活动;v.参加运动,参加竞选活动sexually['sekʃuəli]ad.在性方面passport ['pɑ:spɔ:t, 'pæs-]n.护照Filipino[fili'pi:nəu]n.1.菲律宾人;2菲律宾语;a.菲律宾人的;菲律宾的maid[meid]n.1.少女;2侍女,女仆execute['eksikju:t] vt.1.实行,执行,完成,贯彻;2.将……处死convict[kən'vikt]vt.1.证明……有罪(of);2.宣判;n.罪犯despite[di'spait]prep.尽管,任凭guilt[ɡilt]n.1.有罪;2.内疚deserving[di'zə:viŋ] a.应得的,值得的(of)Saudi['sɔ:di; sɑ:'u:di; 'saudi]n.沙特阿拉伯人;a.沙特阿拉伯的,沙特阿拉伯人的,沙特阿拉伯语的Breadwinner['bred,winə]n.养家糊口的人shelf[ʃelf] n.(壁橱,书橱内)搁板;架子minimum['miniməm]n.最小量;最低限度;a.最小的;最低的;最少的employee[,emplɔi'i:, em'plɔii:]n.雇员,雇工leaflet['li:flit]n.1.小叶,嫩叶;2.传单,活页incidence['insidəns]n.1.影响程度,影响范围;2. 发生率immigrant['imiɡrənt] a.(从国外)移民的,侨民的;n.移民,侨民status['steitəs, 'stæ-]n.1.情形,状况;2.地位,身份kingdom['kiŋdəm]n.1.王国;2.领域concession[kən'seʃən]n.1.让步;2.特许权;3.租界,租界地immigration[,imi'ɡreiʃən]n.移居;外来的移民foreigner['fɔrinə]n.外国人deport[di'pɔ:t]vt.驱逐出境bring over把……带来;使转变convict…of 证明……有罪,宣判……有罪be deserving o f值得;应得be supposed to应该Word资料.gang[ɡæŋ] n.1.一队,一族;2.(囚犯,歹徒等)一群,一帮eyewitness['ai,witnis] n.目击者;见证人unison['ju:nizən]n.一致;协调interstate ['intəsteit, intə's-] a.[主美]州际的BBC英国广播公司Correspondent[,kɔ:ri'spɔndənt]n .1.对应物;2.新闻通讯员,记者,通信者shackle['ʃækl]n.1.[常pl.]镣铐;2.[pl.]束缚,枷锁ditch [ditʃ] n.沟,沟渠,vt./vi.开渠,筑渠weed [wi:d]n.1.杂草,野草;2.水生植物;vt.除草,拔草deny[di'nai]vt.1.否定,否认;2.拒绝接受,拒绝给予re-introduction[,riɪntrə'dʌkʃən]n.重新采用,重新引入gap[ɡæp]n.裂口,裂缝toilet['tɔilit]n.盥洗室;厕所circus['sə:kəs]n.1.马戏团,杂技团;2.马戏场,杂技场degrade['di'ɡreid]vt.1.降级,贬低;2.堕落;3.退化plantation[plæn'teiʃən] n.1.种植园,大农场;2.植树造林spokesman ['spəuksmən] n.发言人;代言人racist['reisist]n.种族主义者;a.种族主义的;种族歧视的racial['reiʃəl] a.种族的inhumane[,imhju:'mein] a.不人道的,残忍的ineffective [,ini'fektiv] a .无效的,不起作用的civil['sivəl]n.1.国民的,民用的;2.国内的,民间的union['ju:niən]n.1.工会,协会;2结合,联合liberty ['libəti] n.1.自由,自由权;2.冒昧,失礼;3.[常pl.]特许权,特权punishment['pʌniʃmənt] n.1.处罚,罚,刑罚;2.折磨,损害disaffection[,disə'fekʃən] n.不满argument['ɑ:ɡjumənt]n.1.争论,辩论;2.论据,理由watch over看守,照管,监视in unison完全一致地call up 1.打电话;2使想起,使忆起blues[blu:z]n.1.[用作单或复]布鲁斯(源于美国南部黑人之中抑郁伤感的曲调);2.慢四步舞rock'n'roll ['rɔkən'rəul]n.摇滚乐,摇滚舞Word资料.folk[fəuk]n.1.人们;2.[口]家属,亲属;a.民间的musician[mju:'ziʃən] n.音乐家;作曲家transformation [,trænsfə'meiʃən, ,trænz-, trɑ:n-] n.1.变化,转化;2改造,改革rhythmic ['riðmik, 'riθ-] a.有韵律的;有节奏的musically['mju:zikəli] ad.在音乐方面;好听地;悦耳地distinct[dis'tiŋkt] a.1.与其他不同的,独特的;2.明显的consciousness['kɔnʃəsnis]n.意识,知觉;觉悟youthful['ju:θful] a.1.年轻的;2.朝气蓬勃的anti-war['ænti'wɔ:] a.反战的sentiment['sentimənt]n.1.感情,情绪;2.感伤spontaneous[spɔn'teiniəs] a.1.自发的,本能的,自动的;2.出自自然的originate[ə'ridʒəneit]vi./vt.发源;发生,发起imitator['imiteitə(r)]n.模仿者Negro['ni:grəu]n.黑人;a.黑人的Eclecticism [e'klektisizəm]n.折衷主义synthesis['sinθisis] n.结合,合成jazz[dʒæz]n.爵士乐readily['redili]ad.1.乐意地;2很快地,容易地limitless['limitlis] a.无限制的,无限的instrument['instrumənt, 'instrə-, -ment]n.1.仪器;2.乐器electronic[,ilek'trɔnik] a.电子的amplifier['æmplifaiə]n.放大器guitar[ɡi'tɑ:]n.六弦琴,吉他electronics[,ilek'trɔniks] [复]n.[用作单]电子学studio['stju:diəu, 'stu:-]n.1.(艺术家的)工作室;2.(无线电,电视)播音室,演播室;3.电影制片厂penetrating ['penitreitiŋ] 1.穿透的,贯穿的;2.深刻的,透彻的thereby[,ðεə'bai, 'ðεəbai]ad.由此,从而passive['pæsiv] a.1.被动的;2.消极的participant[pɑ:'tisipənt]n.参加者;a.参与的multimedia[,mʌlti'mi:diə]a.1.多种手段的;2.多媒体的;同时使用形、光、声效果的;n.多媒体,多媒体的使用ballroom['bɔ:lru:m] n.舞厅Word资料.lighting['laitiŋ]n.照明,照明设备take place发生take over 1.接管,接任;2.把……从一处运到另一处take on 1.具有;2.担任(工作等);3.雇佣composer[kəm'pəuzə]n.作曲家inspire[in'spaiə]vt.1.鼓舞;2.使产生灵感fruitful['fru:tful] a.有成果的,有收获的output['autput, ,aut'put]n.1.产量;2.输出theme [θi:m] n.1.题目,主题;2.主旋律invariably[in'vɛəriəbli] ad.不变地improvise['imprəvaiz]vt.1.即兴创作;2.临时准备,临时凑成symphony['simfəni]n.1.交响曲,交响乐;2.交响乐队,交响音乐会handle ['hændl]n.柄,把手;vt.1.拿,弄;2.运用,操纵3.经营,管理constructive [kən'strʌktiv] a.建设的,建设性的creative[kri'eitiv] a.创造性的notebook['nəutbuk]n.笔记本preliminary[pri'liminəri] a.预备的;初步的;n.初试;预赛painstaking['peinz,teikiŋ]] a.苦干的;费力的traditionalist[trə'diʃənəlist]n.传统主义者;因循守旧者thematic[θi'mætik, θi:-] a.1.题目的,主题的;2.主旋律的conception[kən'sepʃən] n.概念,观念well-established['weli'stæbliʃt]a.1.固定下来的;2.得到确认的temper['tempə] vt.1.[冶]使回火,锻炼;2.调合well(-)tempered['wel'tempəd] 1.脾气好的;2.(键盘乐器)调到平均律的clavichord ['klævikɔ:d]n.[音]击弦古钢琴mold [məuld] n.模子;模型;vt.用模子做,浇铸sake[seik]n.缘故completeness[kəm'pli:tnis] n.1.完整,圆满;2.完成,结束summarize['sʌməraiz]vt./vi.概述,总结diversified [dai'və:sifaid, di-] a.多样化的conventional[kən'venʃənəl] a.1.惯例的,常规的;2.(艺术等)因袭的experimental[ek,speri'mentəl, ek's-] a.实验的;经验的Word资料.harmony['hɑ:məni]n.1.协调,和谐;2.融洽,一致sonority['səu'nɔ:rəti, -'nɔ-] n.响亮,洪亮evident['evidənt] a.明显的,明白的in other words换句话说in a sense在某种意义上at a stretch连续不断地serve as适合belong in应归入(类别、范畴等)in advance 1.在前面;2.预先It goes without saying不言而喻,理所当然for the sake of为了……之好处;为了……的目的efficiency[i'fiʃənsi] n.1.效率;2.功效,效能,实力robotics[rəu'bɔtiks]n.[用作单]机器人学,机器人技术robot['rəubɔt, -bət, 'rɔbət] n.机器人;自动控制装置increasingly[in'kri:siŋli]ad.不断增加地prevalent['prevələnt] a.流行的,普通的automotive[,ɔ:təu'məutiv] a.1.自动的,机动的;2.汽车的weld[weld]vt./n.焊接spray[sprei]n.1.浪花,水花;2.喷雾,喷雾状物;vt.喷;向……喷射;喷涂;vi.喷;溅散cast[kɑ:s, kæst]vt.1.投,扔,抛,掷;2.投射(光、影,视线等)(on,at);3.浇铸,铸造;n.1.投,掷;2.模具;3.演员(阵容)frame[freim]n.构架,框架install [in'stɔ:l]vt.安装appliance[ə'plaiəns] n.1.应用,适用;2.用具,器械calculator['kælkjuleitə] n.1.计算者;2.计算器radioactive[,reidiəu'æktiv] a.[原]放射性的;放射引起的personnel[,pə:sə'nel] n.1.[集合名词]全体人员,全体职员;2.人事(部门)expose[ik'spəuz] vt.1.使暴露,使面临;2.揭露,揭发radiation[,reidi'eiʃən]n.1.放射,发光;2.放射物,辐射线,辐射能reduction[ri'dʌkʃən]n.1.减少,减小;2.降级,降职;3.归纳,归并automatic[,ɔ:tə'mætik] a.1.自动的;2.无意识的,机械的reprogramme['ri:'prəugræm] v.再次(重新)设定程序Word资料.completion [kəm'pli:ʃən] n.完成,结束;完满specific [spi'sifik] a.1.特有的,特定的;2.具体的,明确的switch[switʃ]n.1.开关,转换器;2.(思路、话题等的)转换;vt.1.转换,改变(思路、话题等);2.接通……电流(on),切断……电流(off);vi.转换,变换critical['kritikəl] a.1.批评(性)的,批判(性)的;2.对……表示谴责的,对……感到不满的(of);3.紧要的,关键性的,危急的digital['didʒitəl] a.1.手指的,指状的;2.数字的,计数的camera['kæmərə]n.照相机,摄影机light-sensitive[,lait'sensitiv] a.光敏的intensity[in'tensəti] n.强烈,剧烈grayscale['grei,skeil] 灰度(使不同黑白比例混合而得从黑到白的一系列色差灰色色调)brightness['braitnis]n.1.明亮,晴朗;2.聪敏,机灵scale[skeil]n.1.刻度,表度;2.规模;3.比例(尺);4.[pl.]天平,磅秤shade[ʃeid]n.1.荫,阴影;2.遮光物,罩;vt.遮蔽,遮光calculation[,kælkju:leiʃən] n.1.计算,计算结果;2.仔细考虑defective [di'fektiv] a.有缺点的;有缺陷的assemble[ə'sembl]vt.1.集合;2.装配;vi.集合attendant [ə'tendənt]n.1.侍者,服务员;2.出席者fireman['faiəmən]n.消防队员housekeeper['haus,ki:pə]n.管理家务的主妇;女管家expose to暴露;面临;曝露in that在于,原因是in between在中间;每间隔;在……期间in question正被谈论的plenty of大量的;丰富的earthquake['ə:θkweik]n.地震warning['wɔ:niŋ]n.警告;警报;a.警告的forecast['fɔ:kɑ:st]vt.1.预测,预报;2.预示giant['dʒaiənt]n.1.巨大;2.巨物,巨大的动物;a.巨大的shift[ʃift]vt./vi.1.替换;转移;2.轮班;n.1.转换,转移;2.轮班fault[fɔ:lt]n.1.缺点,毛病;2.错误,过失;3.[地]断层seismic ['saizmik, 'sais-] a.地震的Word资料.precede[pri:'si:d, pri-] vt.先于……,比……优先;vi.在前面,居前,领先radon['reidɔn] n.氡decay[di'kei]vi.1.腐朽,腐烂;2.衰败;3.[原]衰变;vt.使腐朽,使腐烂;n.1.腐朽,腐烂;2.衰败radium['reidiəm]n.镭underground['ʌndəɡraund]a.1.地下的;2.秘密的,隐蔽的;ad.1.在地下;2秘密地,隐蔽地speculate['spekjuleit] vi.思索;推测(on/upon,about);vt.1.投机;2.思索,推测subside[səb'said] vi.1.沉淀;2.沉降,下沉;3.平静下来,平息,减退datum['deitəm] 1.资料,材料,2.数据reliability [ri,laiə'biləti] n.可靠性partial['pɑ:ʃəl] a.1.偏袒的,偏心的,对……偏袒(to);2.部分的,不完全的up-to-date['ʌptə'deit] a.1.最新的,现代化的;2.直至目前的analyze['ænəlaiz]vt.分析eastern['i:stən] a.1.东方的,东部的;2.向东方的,来自东方的work on 1.从事……;2.对……有影响set up 1.设立,建立;2.建立,提出on the alert警戒,处于戒备状态leadership ['li:dəʃip] n.1.领导;2.[总称]领导人员research[ri'sə:tʃ, 'ri:s-] n.研究,调查;vi.调查,研究attach[ə'tætʃ] vt.(to)1.固定住,系;2.附加,隶属;3.把(重点等)放在;4.使喜爱,使依恋possession[pə'zeʃən] n.1.有,拥有;2.[常pl.]占有物;财产satisfaction [,sætis'fækʃən] n.满意,满足relaxation[,ri:læk'seiʃən] n.1.松弛,放松;2.缓和,减轻;3.休养desirable[di'zaiərəbl] a.称心的,合意的,理想的occupation[,ɔkju'peiʃən]n.1.占领;2.占有;ɔ.职业portray [pɔ:'trei, pəu-]vt.描绘;描写;描述urban['ə:bən] a.城市的,都市的stressful ['stresful] a.紧张的;压力重的loom[lu:m]vi.隐隐呈现;逼近renewal[ri'nju:əl]n.1.更新;2重新开始underlie[,ʌndə'lai]vt.支撑;构成(理论,政策,行为等)的基础Word资料.acquire[ə'kwaiə]vt.获得,得到recognition [,rekəg'niʃən] n.1.认出;2.承认,公认impart[im'pɑ:t] vt.把……分给;给予(to)positive['pɔzətiv, -zi-] a.1.明确的,确实的;2.积极的,肯定的;3.正的,阳性的motivate['məutiveit]vt.作为…的动机,激发relevant['reləvənt] a.1.贴切的,中肯的;2.与……有关的(to)communicator [kə'mju:nikeitə] n.传播者,传播工作者participation[pɑ:tisi'peiʃən]n.参加,参与attainment[ə'teinmənt] n.1.达到,到达;2.[常pl.]成就,造诣be concerned with 1.关于,涉及;2.忙于……;3.关心,关切attach importance to认为……很重要take to 1.开始从事;2.养成……的习惯3.培养对……的爱好put……to use使用;利用be relevant to与……有关on the part of就……而言set……as objective把……作为目标elusive[i'lju:siv,-səri] a.1.躲避的;2.难以捉摸的,难以理解的tricky['triki] a.1.狡猾的,耍花招的;2.难以处理的slip[slip]vi.1.滑动,滑过;2.溜,溜走;vt.使滑动;使滑过quicksand['kwiksænd]n.流沙oversupply[,əuvəsə'plai, 'əuvəsə,plai]vt./n.过多供应wayside['weisaid]n.路边;2.路边的flexible['fleksibl] a.1.柔韧的,柔顺的;2.可变通的,灵活的readjustment[,ri:ə'dʒʌstmənt] n.再整理,再调整project['prɔdʒekt, 'prəu, prə'dʒekt] n.1.设计,规划;2.项目;vt.1.方案,计划;2.投射,映射3.使突出appointment[ə'pɔintmənt] n.1.任命;2.约会weekly['wi:kli] a.每周的;一周一次的;ad.每周;每周一次;n.周刊,周报adjustment[ə'dʒʌstmənt]n.调整realistic[,riə'listik, ,ri:-]a.1.现实的,实际的;2.逼真的;3.现实主义的,现实主义者的underestimate[,ʌndə'estimeit]vt.低估;看轻overestimate[,əuvər'estimeit, -'estimət]vt.过高估计;过高评价Word资料.emergency[i'mə:dʒənsi]n.紧急情况;突发事件routine[ru:'ti:n]n.日常工作;例行手续,常规;2.日常的;例行的;常规的crash[kræʃ] a.紧急的,速成的inflexible[in'fleksəbl] a.1.不可弯曲的,僵硬的;2.不可改变的,固执的adjust[ə'dʒʌst]vt.1.调整,调节;2.校准deem [di:m]vt.认为,相信assignment[ə'sainmənt]n.1.分配,委派;2.任务,(课外)作业freshman['freʃmən] n.1新手,生手;2.大学一年级学生kid[kid]vt./vi./n.1.戏弄,开玩笑;2.欺骗,哄骗faithfully ['feiθfuli] adv忠诚地;如实地temptation [temp'teiʃən]n.引诱,诱惑look ahead to向前看;展望未来allocate……for分配给……;配给fall by the wayside半途而废,中途退出hang up 1.把……挂起来;2.挂断(电话);3.延迟,拖延throw off扔掉;摆脱work out做出;制定出retention[ri'tenʃən]n.保持;保留distract[dis'trækt]vt.分散(注意,心思等);使人分心adversely[æd'və:sli] ad.1.相反地;2.不利地,有害地appreciate[ə'pri:ʃieit]vt.1.欣赏,鉴赏;2.正确评价,鉴别;3感激,感谢contrary ['kɔntrəri] a.相反的,相对的,与……相反(to)mislead[,mis'li:d]vt.把……带错路,使……错或做错motivation[,məuti'veiʃən]n.动机;动力inefficient[,ini'fiʃənt] a.无效的;效率低的exceptional[ik'sepʃənəl] a.1.例外的;2.异常的,特殊的hinder ['hində]vt.阻止;妨碍typical['tipikəl] a.典型的,代表性的to date到目前为止attend to专心;注意;照顾make the grade取得成功,达到理想标准fall apart四分五裂;崩溃Word资料.be true of符合于……,对……适用classify [/'klæsifai/]vt.1.把……分类,把……分等级;2.把……列为(as)aged['eidʒid] a.年老的,老的northwestern[,nɔ:θ'westən] a.1.在西北的,向西北的;2.来自西北的approximate [ə'prɔksimit,ə'prɔksimeit] a.近似的,大约的;vt.1.近似,接近;2.使接近;vi.接近(to)paradox ['pærədɔks] 1.似非而可能是的论点;2.自相矛盾的话proportion [prəu'pɔ:ʃən] n.比率,比例;vt.使成比例,使相称dependency [ di'pendənsi]n.从属;依赖(on)advantageous [,ædvən'teidʒəs] a.有利的,有助的liability[,laiə'biləti]n.1.责任,义务;2.[pl.]债务,负债;3.不利条件,妨碍的人(或物)inactive [in'æktiv] a.不活动的;不活跃的appreciation[ə,pri:ʃi'eiʃən] n.1.欣赏,鉴赏;2.正确评价;3.感激,感谢salient['seiljənt, -liənt] a.1.突出的,凸起的;2.显著的resettlement[ri'setlmənt;]n.重新定居,重新安置acknowledge[ək'nɔlidʒ] vt.1.承认;2.表示感谢fore [fɔ:] ad.在前面;a.1.先时的,先前的;2.在前部的;n.前部gathering['ɡæðəriŋ]n.1.聚集;2.集会birthrate ['bə:θreit]n.出生率elsewhere[,els'hwεə] ad.在别处;向别处demography[di:'mɔɡrəfi]n.人口统计学alter['ɔ:ltə] vt./vi.改变,改动experiential[ik,spiəri'enʃəl] a.经验的;凭经验的continued[kən'tinju:d] a.继续的,连续的lengthen['leŋθən]vt.使延长;vi.变长,延伸wealthy['welθi] a.富裕的;丰富的neglect[ni'ɡlekt]vt.1.忽视,忽略;2.疏忽;n.忽略;疏忽expectation[,ekspek'teiʃən]n.1.期待;2.估计寿命slippery['slipəri] a.1.滑的;2.圆滑的demographer [di:'mɔɡrəfə] n.人口学家revision[ri'viʒən]n.修订,修改upwards['ʌpwədz] ad.向上;趋向上升Word资料.approximate to与……接近to the fore 1.在前面,到前面;2.在显著地位resistance to对……的阻力esteem[i'sti:m]vt./n.尊敬,尊重cope[kəup]vi.对付,妥善处理(with)parenting['pεərəntiŋ]n.父母对孩子的养育tone[təun]n.1.音调,音色;2.腔调,语气;3.[语]声调,语调infant'infənt]n.婴儿,幼儿;a.婴儿的,幼儿的lovable['lʌvəbl] a.可爱的,讨人喜欢的manageable['mænidʒəbl] a.易管理的unlovable[,ʌn'lʌvəbl] a.不可爱的;不讨人喜爱的worthless['wə:θlis] a.1.无价值的,无用的;2.不足道的,不可取的ultimately ['ʌltimətli]ad.最后,最终地self-defeating[,selfdi'fi:tiŋ] a.1.自我挫败的;2.有违被衰的crisis ['kraisis] n.1危机;2.决定性时刻withdraw[wið'drɔ:, wiθ-]vt.1.收回,提取;2.撤退,撤销;vi.1.撤退,退出;2.退缩,逃避现实inconsiderate[,inkən'sidərət] a.不替别人考虑的;不体谅人outcome['autkʌm]n.1.结果,结局;2.出路,出口reinforcement[,ri:in'fɔ:smənt] n.增强,加固;强化tangible['tændʒəbl] a.1.可触摸的,可感知的;2.确实的,真实的attribute[ə'tribju:t, 'ætribju:t]n.1.属性,特征;2.[语]定语;vt.把……归因于(to)fold[fəuld] vt./vi.折叠;对折;n.褶(痕)appropriate [ə'prəuprieit, ə'prəupriət] a.适合的,恰当的,相宜的cope with对付;处理no other……than 1.除……外没有,只有;2.正是,就是take advantage of 1.利用;2.占……便宜act out 1.将……表演出来;2.(用行动)表示出来election[i'lekʃən]n.选举;选举权presidential [,prezi'denʃəl] a.总统(或校长)的,总统(或校长等)职务的winner['winə] n.获胜者,优胜者;成功者republican[ri'pʌblikən] a.1.共和国的;2.[R-](美国)共和党的;n.1.共和主义者;2.[R-]共和党党员democratic[,demə'krætik,-kəl] a.民主的,民主主义的Word资料.nominee[,nɔmi'ni:]n.被提名者;被任命者vote[vəut]n.1.选举,投票;2.票,选票;vi.投票,选举certainty['sə:tənti]n.一定;必定nomination[,nɔmi'neiʃən]n.提名;任命loyalty['lɔiəlti]n.忠诚;忠心decline[di'klain]vi.1.下倾,下降;2.衰退,衰落;3.谢绝,拒绝;vt.拒绝,谢绝;n.1.下倾,下降;2.衰退,衰落democrat['deməkræt] n.1.民主主义者,民主人士;2.[D-]民主党党员voter['vəutə]n.选举人,投票人strategically[strə'ti:dʒikəli]ad.战略上地,颇具策略地pursue[pə'sju:, -'su:] vt.1.追赶;2.追求,寻求;3.进行,从事impact ['impækt, im'pækt] n.1.冲击,碰拦;2.效果,影响;vt.装紧,压紧headquarters [,hed'kwɔ:təz][复]n.1.司令部,指挥部;2.(机构,企业)总部,总店economy[i'kɔnəmi]n.1.经济;2.节约strategist['strætidʒist] n.战略家rating['reitiŋ]n.1.等级,规格;2.评定结果,(电视)收视率poll[pəul]n.1.选举,投票;2.民意测验;vt1.得到选票;2.对……进行民事测验;vi.投票stir[stə:]vt.1.搅拌,搅动;2.激起,打动;vi.微动;活动;n.惊动;轰动strategy['strætidʒi]n.战略;策略constitutional [,kɔnsti'tju:ʃənəl] a.1.宪法上规定的;2.组成的,构成的provision[prəu'viʒən]n.1.供应,供应品;2.条款,规定;3.[常pl.]给养,口粮electoral[i'lektərəl] a.选举的representation[,reprizen'teiʃən]n.1.描写,表现;2.代表,代理congress['kɔŋɡres, kən'ɡres]n.1.(代表)大会;2.国会,议会;3.[C-](美法等的)参议院,上院House[haus, hauz]n.[英]议院district['distrikt]n.1.区,行政区;2.地区,区域representative [,repri'zentətiv] n.代表,代表人;a.典型的,有代表性的presidency['prezidənsi]n.1.总统(或校长,会长,行长等)职务(或职权,任期);2.管辖overwhelming[,əuvə'hwelmiŋ] a.压倒之势的stand no chance没有可能;没有希望Word资料.identify……as把……看作impact on对……之影响contest ['kɔntest, kən'test] n.1.竞争,比赛;2.争夺,竞争;3.争论,争辩rivalry ['raivəlri]n.竞争;对抗dozen ['dʌzən]n.1.一打,十二个;2.十来个,十几个nominate['nɔmineit, 'nɔminət, -neit]vt.1.提名;2.任命;3.命名electorate[i'lektərət]n.全体选民;选区inevitably[in'evitəbli]ad.不可避免地,必然地dominance['dɔminəns,-nənsi]n.优势,控制,统治assault[ə'sɔ:lt] n.1.攻击,袭击;2.(军)冲击,突击,强击parliamentary[,pɑ:lə'mentəri] a.议会的,国会的congressman['kɔŋɡresmən]n.(美)国会议员statistically[stə'tistikli]ad.在统计方面dominant['dɔminənt] a.占优势的;支配的majority[mə'dʒɔriti] n.1.多数,大半;2.多数党,多数派automatically[,ɔ:tə'mætikəli]ad.自动地;习惯性地competitor[kəm'petitə]n.竞争者;对手running['rʌniŋ]n.1.跑,赛跑;2.竞选inevitable[in'evitəbl] a.不可避免的,必然(发生)的peaceful ['pi:sful] a.1.平静的,安宁的;2.和平的,和平方式的transfer[træns'fə:]vt.1.转移,传输;2调动;3.改变;vi.1.转移,转学;2.换车;换船;n.转移,传输,变换overturn[,əuvə'tə:n, 'əuvətə:n]vt./n.1.打翻,使翻过来;2.推翻,颠覆,毁灭;vi.翻身;倒下foolproof['fu:l,pru:f] a.1.连傻子都懂的;2.不会出毛病的; 3.有安全装置的monopoly[mə'nɔpəli]n.垄断;专卖opposition[,ɔpə'ziʃən]n.1.反对,反抗;2.对立,意见相反monopolize[mə'nɔpəlaiz]v.垄断;专卖moderation[,mɔdə'reiʃən]n.1.温和,适度;2.缓和,减轻legislation[,ledʒis'leiʃən] n.1.立法;2.法律,法规temporarily['tempərərili, ,tempə'rεə-]ad.暂时地,临时地break up打碎;结束;驱散;散开;分解in the running参赛,参加竞选Word资料.in power掌权的,执政的out of power丧失权力in favour of 1.赞成,支持;2.为……的利益,有利于;3.支付给come into power上台;开始掌权carry on 1.经营,进行;ɑ.继续anaesthetics[,ænis'θetiks]n.麻醉学vaccine['væksi:n]n.牛痘苗;疫苗;a.牛痘的;疫苗的diabetes[,daiə'bi:ti:z]n.糖尿病developmental[di,veləp'mentəl] a.1.发展的,开发的;2.促使成长的,起改进作用的disorder[dis'ɔ:də]n.1.混乱;2.失调,紊乱;vt.使混乱;使失调irrelevant[i'reləvənt] a.不相干的,离题的,与……不相干(to)misleading[,mis'li:diŋ] a.引入歧途的;使人误解的irresponsible[,iri'spɔnsəbl] a.无责任感的,不负责任的unethical[ʌn'eθikl] a.不合伦理的;不合道德的thalidomide [θə'lidəmaid]n.[药]萨立多胺(原用作中枢神经镇静剂,因有造成胎儿缺肢畸形的副作用,已被禁用)replacement[ri'pleismənt] n.1.复位,复职;2.替换,代替refinement[ri'fainmənt]n.精炼,精制simulate['simjuleit]vt……假装,冒充;ɑ.模仿,模拟cell[sel] 1.细胞;2.小房间,单人牢房toxicity[tɔk'sisəti]n.毒性eventual[i'ventʃuəl] a.最后的,结局的dose[dəus]n.(一次)剂量replace[ri'pleis]vt.1.把……放回(原处),使恢复(原职);2.更换,以……替代tube[tju:b, tu:b]n.1.管,软管;2.电子管,真空管;3.[英]地铁partly['pɑ:tli]ad.部分地;在一定程度上polio['pəuliəu]n.[医]脊髓灰质炎,小儿麻痹症biomedical[,baiəu'medikəl] a.生物医学的ethics['eθiks]n.[pl.]1.[用作单]伦理学;2.伦理观,道德标准undergo[,ʌndə'ɡəu] vt.经历,经受;忍受suitable['sju:təbl] a.合适的;适当的rabbit ['ræbit]n.兔Word资料.litter['litə]n.1.(供动物睡眠或植物防冻的)干草;2.杂乱无章;3.(猫狗等)一窝(仔畜);4.[总称]乱丢的东西(尤指废纸等杂物);vt.1.为(动物)铺草;2.(多产动物)产(仔);3.乱丢refine[ri'fain]vt.1.提纯,精制;2.使精美,使改进;vt.1.精炼,提纯;2.变优雅regeneration[ri,dʒenə'reiʃən, ri:-]n.新生,再生,复兴paralyse['pærəlaiz]vt.1.使麻痹,使瘫痪;2.使无力,使气馁regrow[ri:'ɡrəu]vt.再生长,重新生长reproduce[,ri:prə'dju:s]vt.1.繁殖;2.再生产,再生长(器官);2.复制;4.再现,重现sacrifice to向……献祭;为……而牺牲;为……而失去do research into进行……的研究be central to对……极为重要的do experiment on用……做实验be irrelevant to与……不相干;不切题test on对……进行试验aim for瞄准;以……为目标pet[pet]n.宠物,爱畜;a.宠爱的,表示亲昵的delightful[di'laitful] a.令人高兴的;讨人喜欢的humanity[hju:'mænəti] n.1.人性,博爱,仁慈;2.人类negative['neɡətiv] a.1.否定的,否认的;2.反面的,消极的;3.[数]负的,[电]阴性的;n.1.负片,底片;2.负数remark[ri'mɑ:k]vt.说,评论;vi.评论,议论(on);n.评论,看法touching['tʌtʃiŋ] a.动人的,使人感伤的going['ɡəuiŋ]n.进行状况;a.进行中的;现行的coming['kʌmiŋ] a.正在到来的,即将来到的;n.来到,到达literal['litərəl] a.1.精确的,如实的;2.逐字的,字面的grant[ɡrɑ:nt, ɡrænt]vt.同意;准予;n.1.同意,授予;2.拨款contented[kən'tentid] a.满足的,满意的serene[si'ri:n] a.安详的;宁静的contemplate['kɔntəm,pleit] vt.1.注视,凝视;2.沉思plea[pli:]n.1.请求,恳求;2.托词devotion[di'vəuʃən]n.献身,忠诚ownership['əunəʃip]n.1.拥有;2.所有权,所有制Word资料.imperative [im'perətiv] a.1.绝对必要的,迫切的;2.命令,强制的;3.[语]祈使的stricken['strikən]I. strike的过去分词II.a.1.被打中的,被击伤的;2(常用以构成复合词)受灾的,受侵袭的relief[ri'li:f]n.1.(痛苦,压迫等)减轻,宽慰;2.救济donation[dəu'neiʃən]n.捐献;赠送afflict[ə'flikt]vt.使苦恼,折磨deprive[di'praiv]vt.夺去,剥夺;使失去(of)individualistic['indi,vidjuə'listik, -dʒu-] a.个人主义(者)的prevail[pri'veil, pri:-]vi.1.胜过(over,against);2.流行,盛行starvation[stɑ:'veiʃən] n.饥饿;饿死kwashiorkor[,kwɑ:ʃi'ɔ:kə]n.[医]恶性营养不良症deficiency[di'fiʃənsi]n.缺乏,不足starve[stɑ:v]vi.1.饿死;2.挨饿;3.极需,渴望(for);vt.使饿死;使挨饿sustain[sə'stein]vt.1.支撑,承受住;2.供养,维持unreasonable[,ʌn'ri:zənəbl] a.1.不讲道理的,非理智的;2.不合情理的,过度的bring out 1.使显现,显示;2生产,使产生attach……to使……与……相关,把……附加到goings and comings 1.来往;2.活动,发生的事take……for granted 1.认为真实;2.视为当然at ease自在的,舒适的plea for恳求;请求not that……并不是说not (never)for a moment决不;从不break in on(upon) 1.打扰;2.打断,闯进feel bitter at对……怀恨seize hold of 1.抓住;2.占有daydream['deidri:m]vi./n.白日做梦symptom['simptəm]n.症状,征兆habitual[hə'bitjuəl] a.1.习惯性的,习以为常的2.惯常的,已成规则的maladjustment[,mælə'dʒʌstmənt]n.1.失调;2.不适应环境compensatory[kəm'pensətəri] a.赔偿,补偿的Word资料.equilibrium[,i:kwi'libriəm]n.1.平衡,均衡,平均,相称;2.均势;3.(心情的)平静;4.(判断上的)不偏不倚intellectual[,intə'lektjuəl, -tʃuəl] n.知识分子;a.智力的,理智的detail ['di:teil, di'teil]n.细节,详情;vt.详述,详细说明enhance[in'hɑ:ns, -hæns]vt.提高;增强spur [spə:]vt.1.用催马刺催促(马);2.激励,鞭策;n.1.踢马刺;2.刺激(物),激励,鼓舞initial[i'niʃəl] a.1.最初的,开始的;2.词首的;n.首字母inventor[in'ventə]n.发明者,创造者waylay[,wei'lei, 'weilei]vt.伏击;拦住……问讯muse[mju:z]v./n.沉思,冥想confront[kən'frʌnt]vt.1.面对,遭遇;2.正视,对抗painter['peintə] n.漆工;画家sensitivity[,sensi'tiviti]n.敏感性;灵敏度inner['inə] a.1.内部的,里面的;2.思想的,精神的;n.内部;里面reflection[re'flekʃən] n.1.反射,反映,映像;2.深思,考虑creativity[,kriei'tiviti]n.创造性effortless['efətlis] a.1.不作努力的;2.不费力的,容易的dreamlike['dri:mlaik] a.梦一般的,梦幻的surrounding[sə'raundiŋ]n.[pl.]周围的事物;环境;a.周围的character['kærəktə]n.1.性格,品质;2.特性,特征;3.人物,角色;4.(书写或印刷)符号,(汉)字thinker['θiŋkə]n.思想家;思考者steadily['stedili]ad.稳固地;稳定地vividly['vividli]ad.鲜明地;生动地drift[drift] n.1.漂流;2.趋势,倾向;vi.漂流;漂泊;vt.使漂流trace [treis]n.1.痕迹,踪迹;2.微量,少许;vt.跟踪,查找undisturbed[,ʌndi'stə:bd] a.不受干扰的;宁静的tune[tju:n, tu:n]n.1.曲调,曲子;2.和谐,协调;vt.1.为(乐器)调音;2.和谐,调节midst[midst] n.中间,当中;prep.(=amidst)在……当中impoverished[im'pɔvəriʃt] a.贫困的,赤贫的well-being['wel'bi:ŋ]n.1.健康;2.福利,幸福modest['mɔdist] a.1.谦虚的,谦恭的;2.适中的,不过分的Word资料.investment[in'vestmənt]n.投资;(时间,精力的)投入excitement[ik'saitmənt]n.刺激;兴奋to excess过分,过度,过量substitute……for用……代替……be contrary to与……相反in reality实际上,事实上put off 1.延期;2.消除;3.阻碍let go of放手;放开be confronted with面临,面对draw on 1.用做来源,依靠;2.临近gaze at凝视,注视be unaware of不知道……,没觉察到……dream of梦见;梦想in one's mind's eye在脑海里at sea 1.在海上,在航海中;2.迷惑,茫然go over 1.越过,渡过;2.仔细检查impress……on使……铭记,牢记be free from没有……的;不受……的put aside 1.放在一边,撇开;2.储存be beneficial to对……有益add up to 1.总和是;2.[口]总起来意味着perchance[pə'tʃɑ:ns]ad.[古]1.偶然,意外地;2.可能,或许miserable['mizərəbl] a.悲惨的;可怜的far-fetched['fɑ:'fetʃt] a.1.牵强的;2.未必会的,靠不住的veteran['vetərən]n.1.老兵,老手;2.[美]退伍军人;a.老练的;经验丰富的administration [əd,mini'streiʃən] n.1.管理,经营;2.行政,行政机关sleepy['sli:pi] a.困倦的,嗜睡的link[liŋk]n.环节,联系;vt.用环连接;联系elude [i'lju:d]vt.(巧妙地)逃避,躲避respectively[ri'spektivli]ad.各自地,分别地definitive[di'finitiv] a.1.决定的,确定的;2.限定的,明确的Word资料.evolve[i'vɔlv]vt.1.使发展,使形成,制定;2.引申出,推论;vi.1.进展;2.进化differ ['difə] vi.1.不同,相异(from);2.与……意见不同(from,with)surprisingly[sə'praiziŋli]ad.惊人地;出乎意料地namely['neimli] ad.即,也就是plus[plʌs]prep.加,加上;a.1.正的;2.附加的acronym['ækrəunim] n.首字母缩略词eyeball['aibɔ:l]n.眼球correlation[,kɔ:ri'leiʃən]n.相互关系,关联physiology[,fizi'ɔlədʒi] n.生理学unhappy[,ʌn'hæpi]n.1.不快乐的,愁苦的;2.不幸的dreamer['dri:mə]n.1.做梦的;2.空想家volunteer[,vɔlən'tiə]n.志愿者;志愿兵;a.志愿的;vi.志愿identity[ai'dentəti]n.1.同一,一致;2.身份,本体primarily['praimərəli, prai'me-] ad.1.首先,起初;2.首要地,主要地merry['meri] a.欢乐的,愉快的psychology[psai'kɔlədʒi]n.1.心理学;2.心理location[ləu'keiʃən]n.1.定位,测位;2.位置,场所reinforce[,ri:in'fɔ:s] vt.1.增援,支援;2加强,增加;3.进一步证实influence on对……的影响break into分成(部分)check into调查compel[kəm'pel]vt.强迫(to)rightly['raitli]ad.1公正地,正当地;2.合适地,恰当地laborer['leibərə] n.劳动者;工人antithesis [æn'tiθisis] n.1.对偶(修辞学)对句;2.对立,对立面voluntary['vɔləntəri] a.1.自愿的,志愿的;2.自发的undertake[,ʌndə'teik]vt.1.着手做,进行;2承担,从事,进行;3承担,答应(to)coronary['kɔ:rənəri] a.冠的;冠状的;n.1.冠状动脉;2.冠状动脉血栓形成compulsion[kɔm'pʌlʃən]n.强制,强迫Word资料.。
2022年自考英语二课后汉译英
阐明:前面加○旳为往年考过旳题目,其背面旳数字为考过旳次数。
前面加△旳为也许考到旳题目。
第一课:1、Like the national push for Asian literacy in Australia, there has been foreign languages fervor in china, with English on top of the list. 就如澳大利亚在全国推广学亚洲语言同样,中国也掀起一股外语热,在这股热潮中英语高居榜首。
2、Is English such a difficult language that it really demands people to invest a large amount of time and energy before it is mastered? 英语真旳有这样难,需要人们投入大量旳时间和精力才干掌握吗?○3、From my personal experience, I think learning English means far more than learning its pronunciation, grammatical rules, etc. 从我个人旳经验来看,英语学习不仅仅是指学习英语发音和语法规则等。
14、Without a complete understanding of the language, the English a foreigner speaks will inevitably sound strange or even unintelligible though there is not anything wrong with his pronunciation, sentence structure and the words he uses. 对英语没有全面旳理解,即便有完美旳发音、句子构造、措词,一种外国人所讲旳英语也会是稀奇古怪甚至难以理解旳。
全国高等教育自学考试大学英语二复习资料Unit2B
Text B Worlds within WorldsNew Words1.planet n.行星2.revolve vi.旋转;绕转3.solar a.太阳的, 日光的;利用太阳光的rgely ad.1.大量地;2.主要地5.glitter vi.闪闪发光, 闪烁n.闪光6.cloudless a.无云的, 晴朗的7.unlikely a.未必可能的;靠不住的8.astronaut n.宇航员9.thrilling a.1.令人激动的;2.颤动的, 震颤的10.outer a.外部的11.whereas conj.而, 却;反之12.lesser a.较小的, 更少的, 次要的13.concerned a.1.有关的;2.关切的, 担心的14.microscopic a.1.显微镜的;2.微观的;3.微小的, 细微的15.whilst conj.1.当…时;2.然而;3.虽然, 尽管16.plateau ([复]plateaus或plateaux) n.高原17.tropical a.1.热带的;2.炎热的18.coloured a.有色的19.religion n.宗教;宗教信仰20.circumstance n.[pl.]情况, 环境;境遇Phrases and Expressions1.a great many 很多2.above all 首先, 首要3.as a rule 通常;一般说来together with 和First of all let us consider the earth (that is to say, the world) as a planet revolving round the sun.The earth is one of nine planets which move in orbit round the sun.These nine planets, together with the sun, make up what is called our solar systems.How this wonderful system started and what kept it working with such wonderful accuracy is largely a mystery but astronomers tell us that it is only one of millions of similar systems in space, and one of the smallest.The stars which we see glittering in the sky on a dark and cloudless night are almost certainly the suns of other solar systems more of less like our own, but they are so far away in space that it is unlikely that we shall ever get to know very much about them.About our own solar system, however, we are learning more every day.Before the American and Russian astronauts made their thrilling journeys into outer space it was difficult for us torealize what our earth looked like from hundreds of thousands of miles away, but the photographs which the astronauts were able to take show us the earth in space looking not very different from what the moon looks like when we look at it from the earth.The earth is, however, very different from the moon, which the American astronauts have found to be without life or vegetation, whereas our earth is very much alive in every respect.The moon, by the way, is called a satellite because it goes round our earth as well as round the sun.In our words, it goes round the sun with our earth.The surface of our earth is covered by masses of land and larger areas of water.Let us consider the water areas first.The total water area is about three times as large as the land area.The very large separate areas of water are called "oceans" and the lesser areas are called "seas."In most of the oceans and seas some of the water is found to be flowing in a particular direction ―that is to say, from one part towards another part of the ocean or sea concerned.The water which is flowing in this manner is said to be moving as a "current." There are many thousands of currents in the waters of the oceans and seas, but only certain of the stronger and better marked currents are specially named and of great importance.There currents are important because they affect the climate of the land areas close to where they flow and also because they carry large quantities of microscopic animal and vegetable life which forms a large part of the food for fishes.The nature and characteristics of the surface of the land areas of the earth vary a great deal from area to area and from place to place.The surface of some areas consists largely of high mountains and deep valleys whilst, in other areas, most of the surface consists of plains.If one made a journey over the Continents one world find every kind of surface including mountain ranges, plains, plateaux, deserts, tropical forestlands and empty areas covered permanently by ice and snow.When thinking and learning about the world we should not forget that our world is the home of a vary great many different people ―peoples with different coloured skins, living very different lives and having very different ideas about a great many important things such as religion, government, education and social behaviour.The circumstances under which different people live make a great difference between the way in which they live and the way in which we live, and it ought to be our business to try to understand those different circumstances so that we can better understand people of other lands.Above all, we should avoid deciding what we think about people different from ourselves without first having learned a great deal about them and the kind of lives they have to live.It is true to say that the more we learn about other people , the better we understand their ideas and, as a rule, the better we like those people themselves.词汇讲解:1.revolve v.旋转, 绕转The earth revolves round / around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
汉语言自考本科英语(二)教材中英文对照(1-6课)
汉语言自考本科英语(二)教材中英文对照(1-6课)第1课Text A Critical ReadingCritical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.批判性地阅读批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。
批判性阅读是积极阅读。
它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么,还包括质疑和评价作者的话,并对此形成自己的观点。
成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。
Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than (=from) yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. Ineither case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.考虑写作背景。
