02年10月试题和答案

h t t p://e n g b b s .z i x u e zh e .c n2002年下半年(10月)全国高等教育自学考试英语二试卷和参考答案2002下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 (1)2002年10月全国高等教育自学考试英语（二）试题参考答案 (6)2002下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）PART ONEI. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1． _________, they began to get down to business.A. The holidays are overB. The holidays were overC. The holidays being overD. The holidays had been over2． It is becoming increasingly clear to policy-makers _______ schools cannot solve all the problems of the larger community.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. who3． Is a phone conversation a good substitute ________ a face-to-face talk?A. forB. toC. ofD. by4． When we play a game, we enjoy what we are doing, _______ we should not play it.A. insteadB. otherwiseC. neverthelessD. either5． _______ when John came to see him.A. No sooner had he begun to workB. He had scarcely begun to workC. Hardly had he begun to workD. Just as he began to work6． There is no doubt ________ a large number of people have benefited from heart surgery.A. whatB. ofC. ifD. that7． He asked Julia to marry him but she _______ his proposal.A. turned upB. turned onC. turned overD. turned down8． Such people ________ you describe are nowadays.A. asB. thatC. whoD. which9． He said he wouldn’t ________ what would happen next.A. guaranteeB. speculateC. opposeD. promise10． T he literary critics should be as _________ as possible in analysis and judgment.A. positiveB. negativeC. subjectiveD. objectiveII. Cloze test (10 points, 1 point for each time )下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

One day a businessman and his wife went swimming in the river. ___11___ they went into the water, the businessman said to his wife, “This is a big river. I wonder ____12____ there are sharks (鲨鱼) in it.” “Oh,” cried the woman, “Sharks! I don’t want to be their food! I’m not going to swim in this river, but we’ve come a long way here, and it’s ___13___ hot today.” The businessman then saw a man fishing ____14____ the river. He went over and asked the man, “Excuse me, sir. But are there any sharks in the river?”“No, sir,” the man answered. “I’ve never seen a shark here, that’s for sure. ___15___ I don’t think it’s a good idea ____16____ in this river, sir.”h t t p://e n g b b s .z i x u e zh e .c n“We’re ____17____ good swimming,” the businessman laughed. “If there are no sharks in the river, why can’t we swim in it?”So they jumped ___18___ the river and swam out quickly. But the woman was still thinking about the sharks. ____19____ minutes later she turned round and asked the man again, “Are you sure there are not ___20___ sharks here?”“I’m sure, madam, because sharks are afraid of crocodiles (鳄鱼).”11. A. After B. As soon as C. Before D. While12. A. that B. why C. if D. where13. A. really B. actually C. exactly D. definitely14. A. by B. in C. near D. beside15. A. Therefore B. Hence C. However D. Although16. A. being swimming B. to swim C. to be swimming D. swam17. A. neither B. either C. all D. both18. A. under B. into C. in D. onto19. A. A little B. Little C. A few D. Few20. A. any B. some C. many D. muchIII. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Last week I was watching the evening news on TV, which was about a prize for some scientific discovery. The announcer, named Ralph Story, said something that caught my attention. “All great discoveries,” he said, “are made by people between the ages of twenty-five and thirty.” Being a little over thirty myself I wanted to disagree with him. Nobody wants to think that he is past the age of making any important discovery. The next day I happened to be in the public library and spent several hours looking up the ages of famous people and their discoveries. Ralph was right.First I looked at some of the scientific discoveries. One of the earliest discoveries, the famous experiment that proved that bodies of different weights fall at the same speed, was made by Galileo when he was twenty-six. Madame Cure started her research that led to a Nobel Prize when she was twenty-eight. Einstein was twenty-six when he published his world-changing theory of relativity. Well, enough of that. Yet I wondered if those “best years” were true in other fields.How about the field of politics? Surely it took the wisdom of age to make a good leader. Perhaps it does, but look when these people started their careers,. Winston Churchill was elected to the House of Commons at the age of twenty-six. Abraham Lincoln gave up the life of a country lawyer and was elected to government at what age? Twenty-six!But why don’t best years come after thirty? After thirty, I guess, most people do not want to take risks or try new ways. Then I thought of people like Shakespeare and Picasso. The former was writing wonderful works at the ripe age of fifty, while the latter was still trying new ways of painting when he was ninety! Perhaps there is still hope for me.21. What did the author do to prove Ralph, the announce, was wrong?A. He compared he scientific discoveries by young people.B. He went to the bookstore and bought a lot of books.C. He searched for information in books.D. He looked at some of the discoveries by old people.h t t p://e n g b b s .z i x u e zh e .c n22. After he did his research, the author _________.A. believed what Ralph said and became upsetB. wanted even more to argue with RalphC. was sure that he was right to disagree with RalphD. has more serious doubts about Ralph’s words23. How did the author most probably feel in the end?A. A little angry.B. Not too bad.C. Very excited.D. Rather disappointed.24. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. It is certain that wisdom is necessary to make a great leader.B. The author is still hopeful of achieving success in some fields.C. The author is too old to try new things.D. Galileo was twenty-six when he made his famous discovery.25. What can we infer from the passage?A. Some old people have also made important scientific discoveries.B. Ole people cannot make useful discoveries.C. People between the ages of 25 and 30 are great discoverers.D. People can be creative at all ages but younger people are better.Passage TwoQuestion 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.How can we get rid of garbage (垃圾)? Do we have enough energy sources to meet our future energy needs? These are two important questions that many people are asking today. Some people think that we might be able to solve both problems at the same time. They suggest using garbage as an energy source.For a long time people have buried garbage or dumped (倾倒) it on empty land. Now while empty land is getting scarce, more and more garbage is being produced each year. Fortunately, garbage can be a good fuel to use. The things in garbage do not look like coal, petroleum, or natural gas; but they are chemically similar to these fossil fuels. As we use up our fossil-fuel supplies, we might be able to use garbage as an energy source.Burning garbage is not a new idea. Some cities in Europe and America have been burning garbage for years. The heat that is produced by burning garbage is used to boil water. The steam that is produced is used to make electricity or to heat nearby buildings. In Paris, France, some power plants burn almost 2 million tons of the city’s garbage each year. The amount of energy produced is the same as would be produced by burning almost a half million barrels (桶) of oil! But there are problems in using garbage as a fuel. Some garbage that burns easily, like food scraps and paper, must be separated from metals, glass, and other materials that do not burn easily. This separation process is normally costly. Another problem is that burning garbage can pollute the air.Our fossil fuel supplies are limited. Burning garbage might be one kind of energy source that we can use to help meet our energy needs. This method could also reduce the amount of garbage piling up on the earth.26. What are the two problems that can be solved by burning garbage?A. Air pollution and theB. The shortage of energy and that of empty land for holding garbage.C. Air pollution and the shortage of empty land for holding garbage.h t t p://e n g b b s .z i x u e zh e .c nD. Air pollution and the shortage of fossil fuel.27. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The garbage burned is turned into fossil fuels.B. The steam produced is used to make electricity.C. The heat produced is used to boil water.D. The steam produced is used to heat building.28. According to the passage, which of the following four groups of garbage is ready for burning?A. Metals and food scraps.B. Metals and glass.C. Food scraps and paper.D. Glass and paper. 29. Garbage is chemically similar to .A. glassB. metalsC. fossil fuelsD. paper 30. The suitable title for the passage is .A. Garbage DisposalB. Environmental ProtectionC. Man and NatureD. Garbage as an Energy SourcePassage ThreeQuestion 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.How do you find out what is happening in your city or around the world? Most likely, we watch news on TV, listen to news broadcasts on the radio or read newspapers. Before we can find out the new, however, someone has to report it. That’s the job of journalists. They collect information from many places and put it together into a story. Journalists’ articles inform and educate us. They shape the way we think about news.A journalist can be a local reporter, a foreign correspondent (新闻记者) or a magazine article writer. No matter what their assignments are, they must report news quickly and correctly. Time pressure is one characteristic of the job. Deadlines require journalists to work quickly. They often put together a story in half the time they’d like to take. News doesn’t always break (人们通过媒体得知) during regular working hours. A journalist must be ready to report a story at any time. Often that means evenings and weekends.In addition to being quick, journalists must have excellent writing skill, good people skills and a “nose for new”. This is the ability to look at incomplete information and see a story in it. For those reporting on the international scene, a foreign language is a big help. Most journalists have a college degree in journalism, English or political science. Many of them gained their first experience by working on their high school or college newspapers. Good journalist love the challenge of reporting a story, even though it may be dangerous at times. It’s a good thing they enjoy keeping us informed. How else would we find out what’s going on in the world?31. What do journalists do?A. They tell stories.B. They report news.C. They educate peopleD. They publish newspapers.32. How do you understand the sentence “Journalists must have … a ‘nose’ for news” (Line 2, Para 3)?A. They should keep their noses in the newspaper.h t t p ://e n g b b s .z i x u e zh e .c nB. They should have a good sense of smell for news.C. They should be able to see what is worth reporting.D. They should report news quickly and correctly. 33. A good journalist should .A. be accurate and efficientB. be good at relieving pressure.C. Report news on weekdays.D. Travel abroad constantly.34. According to the passage, which of the following statements about a journalist is true?A. A journalist must be ready to work at any time.B. A journalist must have a college degree in journalism.C. A journalist must have related working experience before being hired.D. A journalist must have excellent speaking skills in reporting news.35. Which of the following aspects concerning journalists has not been mentioned in the passage?A. Their various duties.B. Their professional characteristics.C. Their influence on the public.D. Their working conditions.PART TWOIV. Word Spelling将下列汉语单词译成英语。