高级语法和用法2(伴随状语)

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Ⅳ.高级语用法2——伴随状语

——重视思维的训练和培养运用能力，连接考试

●伴随状语是英语句中比较常见又较为高级的语法现象。经典台词：

Notting Hill 诺丁山

William: “I live in Notting Hill, you live in Beverly hill. Everyone in the world knows who you are.”

Anna: “I’m also just a girl, standing in front of a boy, asking

现代分词短语作伴随状语

●当一个主语的两个或多个动作同时发生，相互并列，相互

伴随或相互促进时。这时在英语中可以用到3种不同的表达方法：

1.用and 连接的并列结构。

2.用when, while, as,连接的时间状语从句

3.用分词短语作伴随状语。

举例：1. They walked down the street and looked for their little sister

2. As they walked down the street, they looked for their little sister.

3. They walked down the street, looking for their little sister.

为同时省略了主语和逻辑连接词。

●伴随状语中两个动作必须一主一随，多个动作必须一主多

随。主动作为中心谓语，次动作为伴随状语。有点像中国的妻妾制。《让子弹飞》

●对动作地位的安排。（英语的形合与严整）

多妻制还是一妻多妾制

多妻制：同一个主语，多个动作并列

一妻多妾制：同一个主语，一个动作做谓语，其他动作做伴随状语

举例：1. They walked down the street, looking for their little sister.

→→Walking down the street, they looked for their little sister.

2. Turning around, he saw an ambulance.

→→He turned around, seeing an ambulance.

状语在句中的位置很灵活，具有可调整性。所以非谓语动词的位置在句中也可根据理解或句式需要而安排调整。举例：He sat in the chair, reading a novel, when his friends came.

→→Reading a novel, he sat in the chair when his friends came. →→When his friends came, he sat in the chair reading his novel.

练习：

1. 总经理笑着向我们走来。

译文：

2.下山的时候，我们在途中遇见了汤姆。

译文：

3.不懂这门语言，他发现自己很难开始工作。

译文：

4.他获得了奥斯卡将，成功的进入了名人的殿堂。

译文：

5.总的说来，男孩比女孩更喜欢运动。

译文:

6.天母玛丽来到我身边，对我说：顺其自然吧。（Let It Be）译文：

过去分词短语作伴随状语

过去分词短语作伴随状语可表背景条件，原因，时间和假设。主语与伴随动作之间是被动关系，是动作的接受者。

1.Delighted with her work, they made her the general manager.

2.Born into a tenant family, he had only two years of schooling.

3.He soon fell asleep, exhausted by the journey.

4.The town looks magnificent, seen from the hill.

5.Driven beyond endurance, they rose in struggle against their

oppressors.

练习：

1.在他的影响下，学生们都动起来了。

译文：

2.由于这个失败而使他情绪低落，跑去找他的妈妈。

译文：

3.我们被他的真诚感动了，接受了他的礼物。

译文：

4.给我一个支点，我将撬起整个地球。

译文：

5.从山上看，这个公园很大。

译文：

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