初中常见动词短语分类辨析
中考英语动词分类及短语

中考专题动词的分类及动词短语第一讲动词的分类【中考解】【考点分布】 1. 2.系 3.助 4.情【考点内容】掌握中及物和不及物的法作用和延性的用法,牢系和助基本用法及情的辨析与运用。
【命】 1.察看在特别境中、系、助及情的运用2.的辨析【定】:表示作和状的【分】:依照其和在句中的作用可分:、系、助和情一、系动词系有必然的,不仅不完满,不能够独作,必和表一起构成,明主的状、性、特色或身份。
详尽分下表功能例表示状表示主所的状am, is, are, was, were的 be表示持表示主或保持某种身份或状keep, remain, stay, stand, lie 的系表示感官表示人体感官的系look, feel, smell, taste, sound 的系表示状表示主从一种状到另一种状的系She is a friendly girl and always gets on well with others. 她很友好,是能和人友好相。
She more beautiful than three years ago. 她比三年前漂亮多了。
The window remained open all the night. 扇窗子通宵开着。
The food in that restaurant looks delicious, but it tastes bad.那家餐的食品看起来不,但起来吃。
【注意】:( 1)一般情况下,系没有被形式。
( 2)表示状的系一般不用于行(feel 除外);化系表示“ ⋯⋯”,可用于行。
It ’s getting warmer and warmer.天气得暖和。
7、— The oranges ____________sweet.—Of course. They are from Yongxing, Chenzhou.A. tasteB. eatC. drink9、— Why do you ______ so upset?—D. feel二、助动词助动词:自己没有词义,不能够单独作谓语,只能和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语,以表示时态、语态、语气、人称和数,构成否定、疑问、重申、省略等。
动词和动词短语-考点精讲

考点八动词和动词短语命题趋势:动词是用来描述主语的动作行为或状态的一类词。
动词在句中作谓语,用来说明主语是什么、处于什么状态或做什么。
动词有不同的形式,这些形式体现了动作发生的时间、语态等信息。
中考对动词的考查方式灵活、题型多样。
在备战2020年中考时,考生要牢记近义动词及动词短语的不同含义,多做练习,在实践中加以区分。
中考考查重点:1. 动词辨析;2. 动词短语辨析。
考向一:动词的分类考向二:实义动词考向三:连系动词(2021·青海中考真题)Mom is cooking chicken soup, it _____ so good. A.sounds B.tastes C.smells 考向四:助动词考向五:动词的甚本形式考向六:动词短语(2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题)—Hello! I’d like to speak to the Customer Service Department.1.(2021·辽宁中考真题)These photos ______ the doctors’ unusual working experiences.A.record B.receive C.remember D.realize2.(2021·辽宁中考真题)Our national hero Yue Fei ______ to devote (贡献)himself to the country at a young age.A.failed B.forgot C.promised D.refused3.(2021·辽宁丹东市·中考真题)Mother’s Day ______ us once every year to be thankful to mothers. A.reminds B.warns C.requires D.promises4.(2021·辽宁丹东市·中考真题)Abing’s Erquan Yingyue ______ sad and moving.A.looks B.sounds C.smells D.tastes5.(2021·江苏常州市·中考真题)Don’t ______ your child with others because every child is a treasure. A.compare B.complain C.contact D.consider6.(2021·湖南郴州市·中考真题)—Whose skirt is this?—It ______ be Carol’s. She is the only girl in the team.A.mightB.needC.must7.(2021·辽宁中考真题)Sit down, please. You ______ be tired after standing for so long.A.could B.can C.must D.might8.(2021·辽宁中考真题)Don’t you know passengers ______ smoke on high-speed trains?A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.wouldn’t D.couldn’t9.(2021·辽宁丹东市·中考真题)—Look! There are so many people in the restaurant.—Yes. The food there ______ be delicious.A.shouldn’t B.can’t C.must D.need10.(2021·江苏常州市·中考真题)—Could you play the piano at the age of five?—No, I ______. I started at six.A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.couldn’t11.(2021·辽宁中考真题)—Sam, let’s ______ these old things. I don’t need them anymore.12A.separate from B.deal withC.believe in D.depend on13.(2021·湖北鄂州市·中考真题)—Why does Linda dislike me?—I don’t know. You’ll have to ______ the reason yourself.A.go out B.bring out C.come out D.find out14.(2021·辽宁丹东市·中考真题)I’ll go to senior high school soon. I can’t believe how fast the time ______! A.went on B.went off C.went by D.went out15.(2021·辽宁丹东市·中考真题)If you ______ his invitation, he will be unhappy.A.cut down B.write down C.take down D.turn down16.(2021·广西玉林市·中考真题)—Why did he ______ your invitation that day?—Because he had an important meeting.A.turn down B.put away C.turn up D.cut down17.(2021·江苏常州市·中考真题)My cousin is creative enough to ______ the new challenging task.A.take on B.take out C.put up D.put in1.(2020·浙江·乐清市乐成公立寄宿学校一模)—I’m sorry, Mr Hu. I ________ my English book at home,—It doesn’t matter. Please remember ________ it here this morning.A.forgot; to bring B.left; to take C.forgot; to take D.left; to bring2.(2020·江苏·扬州教育学院附中一模)—I hope Bob won’t ________ my invit ation. How I wish he could come to the party!—It’s hard to say. He left his plane ticket at home when he went to the airport last time.A.forget B.remember C.refuse D.accept3.(2020·浙江·乐清市乐成公立寄宿学校一模)—Whose cap is it? Is it Cindy’s?— It ________ be hers. Don’t you remember she even didn’t come to the party?A.can’t B.might C.may not D.must4.(2021·浙江·温州市第十二中学二模)—Jack, let’s go to the cinema after school.5—If you set your mind on it, you should find a way to ________ it.A.choose B.remember C.achieve D.suppose6.(2021·江苏扬州·三模)A hard-working man ________ become a great scientist, but a great scientist ________ be a hard-working man.A.can’t; can B.may not; must C.can’t; must D.may not; can7.(2021·河北石家庄·模拟预测)—________ you give me a hand? I can’t move the box by myself.—No problem.A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need8.(2021·江苏·淮阴中学新城校区一模)—What is that young lady’s job?—She ________ be a nurse, I’m not sure.A.must B.may C.need D.would9.(2021·江苏·无锡市江南中学二模)According to the rule, used batteries ________ be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes.A.may B.would C.should D.might10.(2020·江苏·仪征市实验初中三模)— Listen! Tom ________ be listening to the music while doing his homework.—Let’s go upstairs to remind him to turn it off.A.should B.could C.would D.must11.(2020·黑龙江·哈尔滨市光华中学校三模)—Look at my new shoes. It cost eight hundred dollars.—Eight hundred dollars for a pair of shoes? You ________ be joking.A.can B.should C.must12.(2020·湖南·长沙市雅礼实验中学一模)— The work ________ in two hours.—No problem. Let’s do it now.A.should have finished B.must be finished C.must finish13.(2020·山东·东营市实验中学三模)—Let’s ________ this box of old things and decide what to give away.—This old bread maker! Aunt Tang bought a new one for me.A.look for B.look through C.look forward to D.look up1415.(2020·浙江·乐清市乐成公立寄宿学校一模)We were looking forward to seeing the three film stars in today’s concert, but to our great disappointment, only one ________.A.grew up B.showed up C.woke up D.got up16.(2021·江苏·高港实验学校二模)A new high-speed railway station ________ Taixing ________ Shanghai will be built soon.A.connecting; to B.connected; to C.connects; with D.connected; and17.(2021·河北石家庄·模拟预测)By the end of 2025, garbage-sorting system will be ________ in Shijiazhuang. A.set up B.given up C.shut off D.brought out18.(2021·江苏·淮阴中学新城校区一模)— Excuse me, which is the way to Kaiming Middle School?—________ this street, and you’ll find it on your right.A.Write down B.Go down C.Lie down D.Sit down19.(2021·江苏·无锡市江南中学二模)—What can I do for you, Linda?—I hope you can help me ________ the useless words in my article.A.make up B.cut out C.turn off D.put up20.(2020·广东·深圳市耀华实验学校二模)— Simon knows a lot. When we ________, he is always a good guide.—That’s w hy we all want to travel with him.A.go shopping B.go sightseeing C.go on picnics考点八动词和动词短语命题趋势:动词是用来描述主语的动作行为或状态的一类词。
重难点08 动词和动词短语-2023年中考英语【热点重点难点】专练(全国通用)(解析版)

专项一词汇重难点08动词和动词短语1.实义动词1.1.常考动词的用法辨析(1)look,see,watch,read的区别:(3)borrow,lend,keep的区别:1.2.及物动词和不及物动词(1)及物动词:可接单宾语、双宾语和复合宾语结构。
When someone gives me money, I feel they don't think at all.give后接双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)当有人给我钱时,我感觉他们根本就没有思考。
We elected him monitor of our class.elect后接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)我们选他当我们班的班长。
(2)不及物动词:不及物动词后面一般不可以直接接宾语,但有时不及物动词和介词或副词一起使用,构成动词短语,此时其后可以接宾语。
What will happen without electricity?没有电,会发生什么?I'm waiting for the bus.我正在等公交车。
1.3.延续性动词和非延续性动词(1)延续性动词表示一种可持续的行为过程或状态,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
而非延续性动词表示行为或过程在短暂瞬间内完成,不可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已经开始10分钟了。
The film began ten minutes ago.电影10分钟之前就开始了。
(2)延续性动词和非延续性动词的转换:连系动词指连接主语和表语的动词,主要用来说明主语的身份、性质、特征或状态。
连系动词只有主动形式。
2.助动词助动词本身没有词义或意义不完整,不能单独作谓语,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语,表示时态、语态、语气等,帮助构成否定、疑问、强调或省略等。
3.1.助动词be的用法be用作助动词和用作连系动词一样,有人称、数和时态的变化,主要用来构成进行时态和被动语态。
初中英语动词及动词短语考点

初中英语动词及动词考点1动词的基本框架动词包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
(一)实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词:及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
(2)动词+宾语+宾补We call the bird Polly.我们叫这只鸟Polly。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园玩。
注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:have,see,watch,notice,hear等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我。
常见的带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell等。
2.不及物动词不及物动词自身意思完整,不用接宾语。
Horses run fast.马跑得快。
(1)有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
We study English.我们学习英语。
(及物动词)We study hard.我们努力学习。
(不及物动词)(2)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语,它的作用相当于一个及物动词。
①动词+介词Listen to the teacher carefully.仔细听老师讲。
此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词之间。
②动词+副词+介词Let’s go on with our work!让我们继续我们的工作吧!He gets along well with his classmates.他与他的同学们相处得很好。
动词词组及词义辨析

动词词组及词义辨析1.不同的动词,后面加上相同的小品词1)动词+away构成的短语有:throw away扔掉;put away把……收拾好;give away捐赠,分发;carry away运走;run away,潜逃;跑开;go away走开等。
2)动词+for构成的短语有:answer for负责;provide for供养;call for提倡,要求;plan for打算,为……计划;hope for 希望,期待;ask for请求,寻找;需要;send for派人去请;go for努力获取;pay for偿还,赔偿;wait for等待;look for寻找等。
3)动词+on构成的短语有:try on试穿,试验;put on穿上,上演;hold on不挂断,停止;carry on继续开展,坚持;keep on继续;go on继续;get on上(车、船);come on赶快等。
4)动词+over构成的短语有:come over过来;hand over移交;go over仔细检查,复习;get over克服,恢复;look over 检查;think over仔细考虑;take over接受,接管;turn over翻转等。
5)动词+up构成的短语有:bring up抚育,培养;call up召唤,打电话给;come up走进,上来;cut up切碎:fix up. 修理;give up放弃;go up上升,增长;grow up长大;look up尊敬;向上看;查寻;make up 虚构;弥补,组成;put up举起,搭建;pick up捡起,(开车)接某人,偶然得到;set up建立,创(纪录);send up发射;show up揭露,露面;turn up出现,把……调高一点;take up 占据,开始从事等。
6)动词+out构成的短语有:go out出去,熄灭;look out留神,当心;walk out走出;set out出发,开始:put out扑灭,生产;give out发出,发表;hand out分发;pick out挑选;find out找出,发现;speak out 大声地说出;turn out生产,打扫;get out出去,离开;work out计算出,解决,锻炼; carry out 实现,执行;bring out出版,start out出发,动身等。
常用动词辨析及常见多义词

常用动词辨析:1.七穿:put on,wear,have on,dress,be in,pull on,try onυ dress作及物动词时,意思是“给……穿衣服”,可跟别人,也可跟反身代词。
dress既可表示状态,也可表示动作。
be dressed in和be in后常接颜色一类的名词或衣服名称。
wear和haveυ on都表示状态。
Wear用于一般式时表示经常的穿戴情况,用于进行式时表示暂时的穿戴情况。
have on不用于进行时态。
put on表示动作,其反义词为take off。
have on、wear、put on可广义地用于穿(戴)衣服、袜、鞋、手套、首饰、眼镜等。
pull on表示动作迅速,其反义词为“pullυoff”。
try on、fit … on表示穿戴的动作,意为“试穿(衣服)、试戴(帽子)”。
2.三建议:advise,persuade,suggestυ advise表示“劝说、建议”,而persuade表示“说服”的结果和结论。
搭配:advise sb. (not) to doυ sth.,advise doing sth.,advise that-clause(虚拟语气),persuade sb. (not) to do sth.,persuade / talk sb. into doing sth.,persuade sb. out of doing sth.,persuade sb. of sth.(使某人想起某事),suggest doing sth.,suggest that-clause(虚拟语气或不用)3.三个看起来:seem,look,appear以上三个词都可表示“好像”,而且往往可以相互替换。
但是look强调根据外部表象作出的判断;seem强调说话人的主观判断;appear表示根据外部表象作出判断时,等于look,但appear有时说明外部表象是一种假象。
中考英语必考动词的分类及辨析

在英语中,动词的使用形式变化多样,与汉语语法截然不同,因此成为我们学习中的一大难点。
由近几年中考题可以看出动词为单项选择题的必考点,尤其是对动词短语的考查,偏向take、turn、put、down 等。
考查形式主要集中在三个方面:①同一动词+不同介词;②不同动词+同一介词;③不同动词+不同介词。
对动词的考查侧重感官系动词词义的辨析,也偶尔涉及实义动词的辨析。
设题形式均为简单句。
一、系动词系动词不能单独作谓语,必须跟表语一起构成谓语。
常用的系动词分类如下:(1)be动词:am, is, are, was, were(2)感官类:look, sound, smell, taste, feel(3)变化类:become, get, grow, go, turn(4)状态类:keep, stay二、助动词助动词本身没有词义,不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词一起构成谓语,表示时态、语态、语气等特征,共同构成否定、疑问、强调、省略等句子。
主要的助动词有be, have, has, had, do, does, did, will, would 和shall等。
三、实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其语法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语如:Can you open the window?(2)动词+宾语+宾补如:We call him Bill.I saw Tom play in the park yesterday.注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有make, let, see, watch, hear, notice等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语如:May I ask you a question?Please pass me the book.常见的带双宾语的动词有:give, bring, buy, get, lend, offer, pass, teach, tell, write, return等。
中考重点常见词汇和短语的辨析

中考重点常见词汇和短语的辨析随着中考的来临,对于考生来说,熟练掌握常见词汇和短语的辨析是非常重要的。
在考试中,常常会出现多个相似意义的词汇和短语,如果不能准确辨析它们,就很容易出错。
因此,在备考期间,我们应该加强对这些词汇和短语的辨析能力的训练。
一、辨析形容词similar与same1. similar意为“相似的”,强调相似而不完全相同。
例:His new car is similar to mine, but it's a different color.2. same则意为“相同的”,完全一样,没有任何差别。
例:Our bikes are the same. We bought them together.二、辨析动词borrow与lend1. borrow表示“借入”,指借别人的东西。
例:Could I borrow your pen? I forgot to bring mine.2. lend表示“借出”,指把自己的东西借给别人。
例:Can you lend me your book? I want to read it.三、辨析介词beside与besides1. beside意为“在……旁边”,常用于表示位置。
例:The cat is sitting beside the table.2. besides意为“除了……之外”,常用于表示除了某事物或某人之外还有其他的事物或人。
例:Besides apples, we also have oranges.四、辨析动词learn与teach1. learn表示“学习”,指通过努力和训练获取新的知识或技能。
例:I learn English every day.2. teach表示“教”,指教授知识或技能给他人。
例:She teaches us math every Monday.五、辨析连词unless与if1. unless意为“除非”,相当于if not。
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初中常见动词短语分类辨析look短语 look for寻找;look after照顾;look over查看;look forward to渴望,向往,to为介词,后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语;look at 看着;look up抬头看,在…查找;look up to尊敬;look down upon瞧不起;look like看起来像;look as if/though看起来好像;look through透过……看 ,翻阅,浏览;look into调查;look out当心;look out of往…外看look about [around]环顾四周look back 回顾,回想look on旁观, 看作,当作(与 as 连用)put短语 put off推迟,put on穿上;上演;put away把…暂时收起来,储存……备用;put up举起,建造,张贴;put out扑灭;put down写下;放下;put aside把…搁在一边;put back放回 put…into把…放入 put one’s heart into 全神贯注turn短语 turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝;turn up把音量开大一点;出现; turnround/around回头;turn over翻开;翻转;turn to朝向;变成;求助于;turn…into…把…变成…;turn into变成;turn out结果证明是;turn away 把脸转过去turn to sb转向某人 turn out结果是turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等) turn over (使)翻过来 turn against背叛turn back折回,往回走 turn around旋转,转过身来call短语 call at拜访,后接地点;call on拜访,后接被拜访的对象;号召;call back回电话;call in 叫来;call up打电话,使回忆起;call for叫某人同往某处,要求;call off取消be短语 be friendly/kind to对…友好;be fed up with对…厌烦;be different from与…不同;be afraid of害怕;be popular with受…欢迎;be fond of喜欢,爱好;be interested in 对…感兴趣;be surprised at对…惊讶;be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意;be proud of对…感到自豪;be strict with对某人严格;be strict in 对某事严格;be good to 对…有好处;be good at擅长于…; be sure of/about对…有把握;be divided into被分成;be made up of由…构成;be angry with对某人生气;be busy with忙于;be full of/filled with装满了;be late for…迟到;be covered with覆盖着;be familiar with对…熟悉;be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的;befamous/known for因…著名;be famous/known as 作为…有名get短语 get on/along (well) with与某人相处(融洽),在…进展(顺利);get up起床;get on上车(船、飞机、马);get off下车(船、飞机、马); get back回去;get back to回到;get away离开,逃脱;get down下来;get home 到家;get into进入,陷入;get out (of) (从…)出去;get to到达get together聚会;get in 收割 get through通过,度过,完成 get hold of 获得,取得get over越过,恢复,克服get readyfor为…作准备 get up起床get used to习惯于take短语 take off(飞机)起飞,脱掉(衣服);take in吸收,上当;改小衣服;take away拿走;take out取出;take on雇佣,呈现;take down取下;take up占据时间、空间,开始从事,拿起。
take photos 照相 take time 花费(时间) take turns 轮流take one\'s place take the place of 坐某人的座位;代替某人的职务 take a seat就坐take a shower淋浴,洗澡take care of照顾 take care小心,当心take one’s temperature量体温 take part in参与,参加take it easy别着急,慢慢来agree短语 agree with同意(意见、想法);agree to同意(计划、办法);agree on协商一件事;pick短语 pick up拾起,捡起,拿起,收听,用车接送客人、货物,收拾、整理;pick out挑选。
cut短语 cut in插嘴 cut down砍到 cut out停止使用 cut up切碎go短语 go over温习,复习;goswimming/skating/shopping/dancing/fishing /hunting/camping去游泳/溜冰/购物/跳舞/钓鱼/打猎/野营;go into走进…;go off爆炸;go out出去,熄灭;go ahead继续向前走;go against违背;go away走开;go back回去,回顾;go by时间流逝,从旁经过;go down下降,下沉;go for为…而去;go in进入;go on(时间)过去,继续,持续,发生;go round绕路;go through经历;go together一起去;go up 上升,攀登;go without没有come短语 come along一道来;come in进来;come into进入;come out出来,出版;come down 倒塌,降下来;come from来自;come back回来;come across偶然遇到;come over过来;come home回家;come to an end结束;come to oneself苏醒过来;come up长出,发芽;come into use开始使用;come round绕道而来;come at 扑向;come on(表示劝说、激动、不耐烦等)快!得啦;跟着来;来临 come along一道来,come to an end终止,结束come true实现come up走近 come up with找到,解决,想到give短语 give up放弃;give off放出、发出(气体、气味、烟雾、光、水、热等);give out 精疲力竭、累倒,耗尽、用完;give away泄露,赠送;give back归还give in屈服,让步,投降make短语make a decision作出决定;make sb. do sth.让某人做某事;make a mistake犯错误;make progress取得进步;make a face做鬼脸;make friends with与…交朋友;be made from 用…材料做成,制成品中看不出原材料;be made of用…材料制成,制成品中看得出原材料;make out辨认;make one’s way克服困难前进;make up编造,虚构,打扮,弥补be made up of由…组成make use of使用,利用make oneself at home随便,别拘束break短语 break down破坏,粉碎,出故障break in 闯进,打断break out爆发break the law违反法律break the record破记录drop短语drop off减弱,减少drop out退出,离队drop by/in顺便来访drop litter扔垃圾drop on训斥,惩罚drop to one's knees跪下drop the curtain闭幕/演出终止 drop over顺便来访 drop back后退,后撤;恢复drop by the wayside迷入歧途,堕落,遭受失败drop dead倒毙,倒地而死;走开,不再捣乱,安静下来drop downv.卧倒,顺着向下移动drop behindv.落后,落伍drop a line 写信给某人fall短语fall about 笑得无法自制 fall away 疏远消失 fall behind 落在...后面 fall down 失败 fall for 迷恋上...的当 fall in 坍塌排队 fall in with 偶然遇到赞同 fall off (数量)减少 (势力、地位等)降低脱离 fall on/upon 攻击 fall out 发生吵架 fall over oneself 煞费苦心;不遗余力 fall short 不符合标准(或要求) fall through 失败,不能实现fall to 开始工作(或吃东西) 开始是...的责任fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默fall in love with…爱上(某人)fall into 陷入,养成,开始,渐渐 fall into a habit of 养成…习惯 fall off 掉下,衰退,减少 fall over 摔倒,落在…上,(头发)披在肩上 fall to pieces 破碎,崩溃,瓦解 fall into ruins 成为废墟 fall to the guound 坠地,失败,落空think短语think of 考虑;关心;想起;对……有某种看法think about 考虑;研究、思考 think over 仔细考虑think highly of 看重;器重think well of 重视 think little of 看轻;看不起think a lot of 喜欢; 尊敬 think aloud 自言自语 think and think 细想 think away 想开了, 想得忘了 think back to 回忆起 think better of 改变看法; (对某人)有较高的评价think for 认为, 预料 think long (for, after) 渴望, 切望think up“设想、构思”;think out “仔细思考并研究出(计划等),或者想透问题”等;set短语set out与set off同义,“动身、出发、启程”,set up“创办、树立、搭起”。