新四级翻译之--合并译法使字句
四级翻译句子结构整合技巧

狮为百兽之首,在中国传统中,狮子被视为是能
带来好运的吉祥物(mascot)。
The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck As the king of animals, the lion is regarded as a mascot which can bring good luck in Chinese tradition. The lion, as / being the king of animals, is regarded as a mascot which can bring good luck in Chinese tradition.
lated into English and referenced by foreigners.
1.四级段落翻译技巧:修饰后置
例题:
• 做秘书是一份非常复杂的需要组织、协调和沟通能力的工作。
• Being a secretary is a very complex job which needs the ability to organize, coordinate and communicate.
分析:
本句中“非常复杂的需要组织、协调和沟通能力”是修饰工作的,所以修饰部分 放在后面用which引导定语从句。备考时也要注意,不要逐字翻译进行单词的罗 列,一定注意句式分开层次。
place, with many ancient bridges, Chinese-style hotels and
restaurants.
英汉翻译 之 合译法

英汉翻译之合译法合译法多用于英语简单句的翻译,特别是两个或两个以上的英文句子共用相同的主语的时候,汉语一般不喜欢重复某一名词,或重复使用某一代词作主语,这这种情况下,往往将原文数句合译为一句。
This novel is of no great literary merit. It is merely a pot-boiler.这部小说纯属胡编乱造,没有多大文学价值。
I wasn’t an enemy, in fact or in feeling, I was an ally.无论在事实上,还是在情感上,我都不是他们的敌人,而是他们的盟友。
Confucius was a believer in moral action and in what we today call human development. He advocated the establishment of harmony within the social order.孔子信仰道德的行为,信仰我们今天所说的人的发展,提倡在社会秩序内建立和谐。
Young people don’t hesitate to attempt one thing after another. Eager to experiment, they welcome new ideas. They are restless and alive and never satisfied. They seek perfection.年轻人总是不停地探索,急于实验,乐于接受新的思想。
他们充满活力,永不满足,追求尽善尽美。
有时候是为了行文紧凑、简练的原则而将两句或数句合并为一句来翻译;I was slow to understand the deep grievance of women. This was because, as a boy, I had envied them.我迟迟未能理解女人的深切苦楚,因为我小时候曾羡慕过她们。
汉英翻译技巧.

汉英翻译技巧汉英翻译技巧1:合并(Combination(1 天气寒冷,河水都结冰了。
It was so cold that the river froze.(2 理论必须密切联系实际,这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。
That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.(3 他在战斗中表现突出,受到连长的表扬。
He was commended by the company commander for his distinguished performance in the battle.(4 年满十八岁的公民,都有选举权和被选举权。
All citizens who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote and to stand for election.(5 当时,友谊商店只对外宾开放,不对中宾开放。
At the time the friendship store was exclusively open to foreign visitors.(6 她对自己所取得的成就充满了自豪,这也不是没有道理的。
She is justifiably proud of her achievements.(7 这家小工厂经过技术改造,发展很快,使人感到惊讶不已。
This small factory underwent a technological renovation, thus developing with surprising speed.(8 只要看一眼这封信,你就会明白你上当了。
A glance at this letter will convince you that you have been taken in.(9 看门人惊呆了,喘着粗气,摇摇晃晃地走下楼梯。
新四级翻译之--合并译法使字句

• We must seize new opportunities and meet new challenges, opening ourselves wider to the outside world more actively, and taking more effective measures to expand foreign trade and absorb more foreign funds.
• 汉译英时,往往必须先找出主谓框架树起主干, 然后将各种关系词、短语(介词短语、名词短 语)、附加成分(同位语、插入语)、分词结构、 从句(定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句)等添 加到主干,使树木枝繁叶茂。翻译汉语的多个分 句时,注意分析各个分句之间的逻辑关系,确定 好主从关系,采用恰当的方式进行连接。
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3 分合并举
• 翻译是一项综合思维活动,因此,翻译方法的采用也
往往不是单一的,而是几种方法同时并用,相辅相成。分 合并举,就是如此。
1.Confucius was a believer in moral action and in what we today call human development. He advocated the establishment of harmony within the social order. • 孔夫子信仰道德行为,信仰我们今天所说的人的发展,提 倡在社会秩序内建立和谐。
• 3) Thanks to telecommunications, our work and life have changed unprecedentedly .(介词 短语)
2019年6月大学英语四级翻译十大技巧

2019年6月大学英语四级翻译十大技巧一、分句法把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子.使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子或干脆把原文的一个句子拆开,译成两个或两个以上的句子。
如:八月中旬,修理组人员在骄阳下工作译: It was in mid-August, and the repair sectionoperated under the blazing sun.(一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句.二、合句法把原文中两个或以上的简单句,主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。
例:她已试了好几次,要帮他们另找一所出租的房子,结果并未成功。
译文:She had made several attempts to help them findother rental quarters without success.(多个简单句合成一个单句.三、正译法就汉译英来说,就是把句子按照与汉语相反的表达方式译成英语。
例:我们强烈反对公司的新政策译: We strongly object the company's new policy.四、反译法就汉译英来说,就是把句子按照与汉语相反的表达方式译成英语.例:酒吧间只有五个顾客还没有走译文:Only five consumers remained in the bar.五、顺序法顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序.不会影明对原文内容的理解.例:即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时,电仍然为我们工作:开动电冰箱,把水加热或使室内空调机继续运转。
Even when we tum off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, drivingourrefrigerators,heating our water,or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.在句子中.句子前半部分是一个让步状语从句,后半句的"开动","加热","使……运转"都是"电在为我们工作"的具体内容。
翻译技巧:合译法

Chapter 5 Combination(合译法)Part V Exercises参考译文:A. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.(词的合译)1. 千真万确?2. 她大吃一惊。
3. 这房间非常舒适。
4. 我们必须达到目的。
5. 这么做是对的。
6. 他在地震中安然无恙。
7. 这里严禁抽烟。
8. 他确实死了。
9. 我疲惫不堪。
10. 我们应该坦诚相待。
11. 他害怕得发抖。
12. 他们都认为这么做是公平的。
13. 这是一些宣传方法。
14. 这些吃的绰绰有余了。
15. 我讨厌这种拥挤的场面。
B. Translate the following sentences into English.(词组、习语的合译)1. His room is always in a mess.2. He is determined to turn over a new leaf.3. Many people went hungry at that time.4. He suddenly made some startling statements.5. His report is nothing but some old stuff.6. Don’t take this for miraculous cures.7. There is no need for you to humble yourself.8. He is a careless guy.9. This is only a wishful thinking.10. She always speaks in a low voice.11. The picture is extremely enchanting.12. I am not asking you to do anything wrong.13 How can you kick down the ladder?14. Great changes have taken place here.15. He returned home with great joy.20. Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?C. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.(句子的合译)1. 他会想念许许多多往事,许许多多朋友,也会想起玛丽。
合词合句译法

第十节合词译法无论是西方作家.还是中国作家,都喜欢连用同义词以强调其表达的意思。
西方作家常用的是成对词,而中国作家常用的是一条前后两个部分为同一意思的四字成语,或两条同义成语。
既然这些同义词表达的是同一个意思.我们就可以他们合起来翻译也就是采用合词译法.请看下面的翻译实例。
1) You’ll supply financial power, and we’ll supply man power. Isn't that fair and square?你们出钱,我们出人,这难道还不公平吗?2) In our workshop there is a hard and fast rule against smoking.我们车间有严格的规定,不许吸烟。
(或:我们车间严禁吸烟。
)3) He is dead and gone. 他的确死了。
4) His father is a man who forgives and forgets. 他父亲非常宽容。
5) Her son was wise and clever, but her daughter was silly and foolish.她的儿子非常聪明,可她的女儿却很笨。
6) She shook and trembled with fear. 她吓得不停地发抖。
7)He is a man of culture and learning. 他是个很有学问的人。
8) We must reach our goals and aims. 我们必须到达目的。
9)He suffered aches and pains.他遭受百般疼痛。
10) It's a ways and means of propaganda. 这是种宣传方法。
11) It’s right and proper to try it. 试一试是完全正确的。
12) The room is cozy and comfortable.这个房间非常舒适。
大学英语四级翻译技巧(4)

八、合并译法(一):使用从句一般来说,汉语句子结构较松散,简单句多,句与句之间少有连接词。
英语则会利用各种连接方法将句子串联起来。
因此,汉译英时常要用到合并译法,将汉语短句连接成英语长句。
1.使用状语从句汉语短句之间存在着因果、转折、条件等逻辑关系。
在汉译英时要理清关系,添加适当的连接词将汉语短句译为状语从句。
例1:中国人喝茶的历史较短,三国以后江南人才开始喝茶。
译文:Tea has a shorter history in China since people south of the Yangtze River began to drink tea only after the Three Kingdoms Period.注:原文两个短句暗含因果关系,可用since引导的状语从句来翻译后一个短句。
2.使用定语从句如果汉语中的两个句子中有重复出现在名词或名词短语,译者在翻译时可将其中处于次要位置的句子处理为定语从句,重复的名词用关系词which, who, when, where等替代。
例2:香港是购物天堂,对各国游客产生了巨大的诱惑力。
译文:Hong Kong is a shopping mecca that greatly attracts tourists from all over the world.注:“香港”是原文两个短句的共同主语,翻译时可将后一个短句前添加关系词“that”,译为定语从句。
3.使用同位语从句同位语从句的作用是对先行词进行解释说明。
如汉语中短句A说明了短句B中的某个名词,翻译时可将A译为B的同位语从句。
例3:发展是硬道理,我们都必须坚持这一原则。
译文:We should all embrace the principle that development is the absolute truth.注:“发展是硬道理”是对“原则”一词的说明,因此这一短句译成同位语从句,用以修饰先行词“principle”。
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• 拆句法和合并法: • 拆句法是把一个长而复杂的句子拆译成若干个较短、较简
单的句子,通常用于英译汉;合并法是把若干个短句合并 成一个长句,一般用于汉译英。 • 汉语简单句较多;英语长句较多。 • 所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利用连词、分词、介词、不 定式、定语从句、独立结构等把汉语短句连成长句;而英 译汉时又常常要在原句的关系代词、关系副词、主谓连接 处、并列或转折连接处、后续成分与主体的连接处,以及 意群结束处将长句切断,译成汉语分句。
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• 如: • 我们必须抓住新的机遇,迎接新的挑战,采取更
加有力的措施,以更为积极地姿态扩大对外开放, 力争对外贸易和吸收外资有新的增长。 • 译:We must seize new opportunities and meet new challenges. We must open ourselves wider to the outside world more actively, and take more effective measures to expand foreign trade and absorb more foreign funds.
light. • 十点三十分的时候,街上来往的车辆稀少了。
12/29/2019Fra bibliotek 从语法结构上看
(1) 在主谓连接处拆译 Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United States. 同中国加强合作,符合美国的利益。
• 汉译英时,往往必须先找出主谓框架树起主干, 然后将各种关系词、短语(介词短语、名词短 语)、附加成分(同位语、插入语)、分词结构、 从句(定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句)等添 加到主干,使树木枝繁叶茂。翻译汉语的多个分 句时,注意分析各个分句之间的逻辑关系,确定 好主从关系,采用恰当的方式进行连接。
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2 合并方法
(1)把原文中的两个或两个以上的简单句译成一个单句。 This novel is of no great literary merit. It is merely a pot-boiler. 这部小说纯属胡编乱造,没有多大文学价值。
A man in a newish suburb feels that he has one foot in the city and one in the country. As this is the kind of compromise he likes, he is happy. 住在新郊区的人,觉得一只脚在城里,一只脚在乡下,非 常开心,因为这种城乡折衷之地是他喜欢的。
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• (3)把原文中的并列复合句译成一个单句。 • From Florence the river Arno ran down to Pisa, and
then it reached the sea. • 阿诺河从佛罗伦萨流经比萨入海。 • The time was 10:30,and traffic on the street was
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• 评:我们必须抓住新的机遇(1),迎接新的挑战(2), 采取更加有力的措施(3),以更为积极地姿态扩大对外 开放(4),力争对外贸易和吸收外资有新的增长(5)。
• 分析:可以发现(1)和(2)是并列关系,添加and进行 连接,(3)和(4)是并列关系,(5)是其目的,因此, 着三个分句连为一体,(3)and(4)to(5)。
TRANSLATION CET4 (合并译法)
翻译技巧
1 主语的选择
6 减译法
2 无主句的翻
译
7 增译法
3 调整语序
8 合并译法
4 词性转换
9 “让”字句
的译法
5 动词时态的
翻译
10 “使”字句
的译法
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合并译法
1.
合并 译法
2.
合并 方法
3.
合并 练习
1 合并译法
• 合并译法亦称化零为整法,主要是根据行文紧凑、 简练的原则,将两句或数句并译成一句。
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• (3)合译 • 中国是个大国,百分之八十的人口从事农业,但
耕地只占土地面积的十分之一,其余为山脉、森 林、城镇和其他用地。
• China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other uses.
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• (2)把原文中的主从复合句译成一个单句。 • He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant,but
he did not like his brother,who was aloof and arrogant. • 他喜欢热情文雅的妹妹,而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥 哥。 • When I negotiate, I get nervous. When I get nervous, I eat. • 谈判时我总是有点紧张。紧张时我就吃点东西。
• 前两句说得比较笼统,后三句说明了具体的措施和做法, 英语句子体现具体信息的部分往往可以利用分词结构表达。
• We must seize new opportunities and meet new challenges, opening ourselves wider to the outside world more actively, and taking more effective measures to expand foreign trade and absorb more foreign funds.
(2)在定语从句前拆译 I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. 我要感谢你们无与伦比的盛情款待。中国人民正 是以这种热情好客而闻明世界的。