高中英语虚拟语气讲解(很完整的总结)

Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气

(1)If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li.

If he hadn’t been warned，he would have taken that food.

(2)If he were free, he would help us. If I had money, I would buy the car.

If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad now.

(3) If he should come/were to come/came here, we would hold the party.

If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.

1.倒装/省略

当虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可省略，而将were, should, had 等词置于句首。请改写以上六个例句中符合倒装/省略条件的句子！

2.错综时间虚拟条件句。主从句的动作若不是同时发生时，须区别对待。

①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在/将来的事实不符。

If they had informed us, we would not come here now.

If you had listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.

If you hadn’t watched television so late, you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.

If I had studied hard at school, I would be a student in the key university now and find a good job after four years.

②从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反，而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。

If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better.

3. 含蓄虚拟条件句。指将条件从句隐藏在上下文中的一类条件句。

But for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。(But for your help=If it hadn’t been for your help...) Without your instruction, I wouldn’t have made such great progress.

Without air, there would be no living things.

I didn’t know he was a cheat, or (else) I wouldn’t have believed him. 我不知道他是个骗子，不然我也不会相信他了。(or else=if I had known he was a cheat…) I’m really very busy; otherwise I would certainly go there with you. 我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。(otherwise=if I were not so busy…)

A few hours earlier, and you would have seen the famous writer. 要是你早来几个小时，你就见到这位著名的作家了。(A few hours earlier=If you had come a few hours earlier…)

Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. 如果出生在好时代，他早就成为学者了。(Born in better times=If he had been born in better times…)

I would write to her, but I don’t know her address. 我会给她写信的，就是不知道她的地址。(but =i f I knew her address…)

Given more attention, the flowers could have grown better.

⊙Tom shouldn't/ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm.

She should/ought to have attended the meeting, but she injured her leg.

You could have done it better, but you didn't try your best.

You needn't have watered the flowers, for it's going to rain.

(1)He behaved as if nothing had happened.

It looks as if he hadn’t had a meal for a week.

He talked about Rome as if he had been there before.

They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.

(2)He looks as if he were an artist.

It looks as if he were ten years younger today.

She treats the boy as if he were her own son.

When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.

(3)It looks as if it might snow.

She talks and talks as if she would never stop.

It looks as if he could live for another century.

He learns English so hard as if he would go to America.

⊙如果as if/though引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或可能性很大，则用陈述句语气。

It sounds to me as if he needs some help.

It smells as if something in the kitchen is burning.

Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.

三、wish之后的宾语从句，表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望。