高考英语虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编及答案
高考英语虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编及答案
一、选择题
1．His suggestion that she ________ in his home suggested he ________ very warm-hearted. A．would stay; was B．stayed; be
C．should stay; be D．stay; was
2．If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ.
A．was not; would die B．were not; would have died
C．had not been; would died D．had not been; would have died
3．Had electronic computers not been invented, many problems of space flight .
A．could not have solved B．could not be solved
C．can not have been solved D．could not have been solved
4．How I wish I ______ my mouth before I shouted at my mum!
A．shut B．have shut
C．had shut D．would shut
5．I strongly suggest that the information ____ in my report ____ to Mr Brown without delay. A．to be referred to; to be e-mailed B．referring to; e-mail
C．referred to; be e-mailed D．being referred to; being e-mailed
6．That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it's high time we ____ strong actions against him.
A．betrayed, take B．had betrayed, took
C．has betrayed, took D．has betrayed, take
7．We require the thief _________ into prison.
A．refers to being put B．referred to be put
C．refer to being put D．referred should be put
8．I can’t thank you more, Tony. But for your timely warning, I into great trouble yesterday. A．had got B．got C．would have got D．would get 9．Studies show that historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments, the development of the company would already be way ahead.
A．were it not for B．if there being no
C．hadn't it been for D．if it is not for
10．They both look as if they ______ ten years younger after a heart-to-heart talk.
A．are B．were C．have been D．had been 11．Yesterday, Jane walked away from the heated discussion. Otherwise, she _____ something arbitrary that she would regret forever.
A．must have said B．said C．might say D．might have said 12．_____, the student insisted that he _____ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty. A．To avoid being affected; be B．To avoid to be affected; would be C．Avoid being affected; should be D．Avoiding to be affected; be
13．He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.
A．would come B．would have come C．came D．had come 14．Sam insisted that he______the law and______.
A．didn't break;mustn't be punished B．doesn't break;shouldn't punish
C．hadn't broken;be not punished D．hadn't broken;not be punished
15．Look at the trouble you are in！_______your parents’ advice.
A．If only you would have followed B．If only you followed
C．If only you would follow D．If only you had followed
16．-Would you ___ first aid to him, had it been possible?
-Yes, but I _____.
A．have offered; had got hurt.B．offer; had got hurt.
C．have offered; got hurt.D．had offered; had got hurt.
17．Mr Smith’s doctor suggested that he ______ and exercise regularly.
A．should eat B．will eat C．can eat D．would eat 18．But for the belief that things better soon, many people couldn’t have survived the rough time.
A．had got B．got C．would get D．will get
19．Ms. Lin suggested that he the reading competition.
A．has taken part in B．take a part in C．takes part in D．take part in 20．What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
21．We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ________more places of interest yesterday.
A．visited B．had visited
C．would visit D．would have visited
22．His expression suggested that he ____the invitation and he suggested full preparations _____. A．had accepted; would be made B．accepted; be made
C．has accepted; make D．had accepted; be made
23．It is highly recommended that the general public________one-metre social distance to avoid any possible risk of getting infected.
A．keep B．will keep C．must keep D．keeps
24．The teacher made a request that all the homework ________ before class.
A．should hand in B．must be handed in
C．be handed in D．were handed in
25．She wouldn’t have flown off the handle _____the fact that you didn’t intend to hurt her. A．were she to know B．had she known
C．did she know D．should she have known
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．D
解析：D
【解析】
考查suggest的用法。句意：他建议她待在家里，这表明他很热心。句中suggestion表示“建议”，后面是that的同位语从句，解释说明suggestion的内容，要用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形；suggest在此句的意思是“表明，暗示”，后面的名词性从句不用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词suggested用一般过去时态，故宾语从句也用过去时态，由此可知答案为D。
2．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有青霉素，很多人在二战中就会死于疾病或小的伤口。if条件句用had done表示和过去的事实相反，主句用would have done表示虚拟。故选B。
【点睛】
虚拟语气在条件句中的用法是：虚拟条件句与现在事实相反的假设，从句是If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)，主句是：主语+should,would, might,could＋动词原形；与过去相反的假设从句用：If+主语+had +过去分词，主句是：主语＋should, would, might, could ＋have done；与将来相反的假设，从句用1、If+主语+动词过去式，主语＋should, would do，2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形，加主句3、If+主语+should +动词原形，加上主句的might, could＋动词原形。
3．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟条件句。句意：如果没有电子计算机的发明，许多太空飞行的问题是不可能解决的。本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，如果含有“were，should，had”时，可省去if而将“were，should，had”置于句首，构成倒装句。本句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟。所以主句为：sb would/could/might/should have done。从句谓语动词为： had done。故D选项正确。
【点睛】
If虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：
句为：sb had done。故D选项正确。
4．C
解析：C
【解析】
试题分析：C考察虚拟语气。wish后接与过去相反的事实时，用过去完成时表示虚拟。句意：我多么希望在我跟妈妈大吼之前把嘴巴闭起来。故选C
考点：考察虚拟语气。
5．C
解析：C
【解析】
试题分析：通过分析句子结构，可知这个句子中包含一个宾语从句。Refer与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。表示“建议”的suggest之后的宾语从句用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，故选C。
考点：非谓语动词的用法以及宾语从句的虚拟语气
点评：非谓语动词的用法的解题思路，① 解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能（如状语、定语或宾补）；②找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系（主动还是被动）；③ 搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式；④ 将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字从意顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。这类动词包括：demand，suggest， order， insist， propose等。这些动词后面的从句中用“should+动词原形”构成虚拟语气，其中“should”可以省略。例如：He insisted that all of us (should) be there on time by any means. The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. [注意]：当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，暗示”时，其后的从句中不用虚拟语气。例如：The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.他的表情暗示出他对我为他所做的事非常满意。He insisted that he was honest.他坚持认为自己是诚实的。
6．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：那不是他第一次背叛我们。我认为我们早该对他采取强硬措
施了。That is/was the first time that+完成时，是固定句型；句中使用的是“That was…”，故应使用过去完成时。在固定搭配it’s (high/about) time…中，从句应使用过去时表示虚拟语气。故选B。
7．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意：我们要求所提到的那个小偷应该被关进监狱。分析句子成分，referred to 为后置定语，修饰 the thief，因两者构成被动关系，故使用动词的过去分词，即 referred to，故排除A、C选项；require意为“需要,要求",后接从句要用虚拟语气,即其后的从句：谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略。且the thief 与 put into prison 构成被动关系，故选用被动语态，即 the thief (should) be put into prison，综上，故选B。【点睛】
后接虚拟语气的常见词
1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.
She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.
2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：
It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.
Their decision was that the school remain closed.
3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。
8．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我特别感谢你，要不是你及时的提醒，我昨天一定陷入了很大的麻烦。本题考查含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，根据but for sth, 主句+would do(表对现在或者将来的虚拟)；but for sth, 主句+would(not) + have done（表示对过去的虚拟）。根据主句中yesterday可知是对过去的虚拟，故选C。
9．A
解析：A
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。句意：研究表明，要是在组织环境上没有接受女性的历史障碍，这个公司的发展将会远远在前面。宾语从句中嵌套了一个虚拟语气的条件状语从句。由主句中的“would already be”可知这是一个虚拟语气的句子，根据句意，可以是对现在情况的虚拟也可以是对过去的虚拟。如果是对现在的虚拟，虚拟语气部分可翻译为if it weren’t for the historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments。如果是对过去的虚拟，虚拟语气部分翻译为if it had not been for the historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments。首先虚拟语气中不可以用is，必须用were，排除D。如果选B，从句中就会缺少谓语动词。所以这题还考查虚拟语气的省略。当if省略时，将were或had提前，其它成份顺序不变，就分别变为Were it not for/ Had it not been for。故选A。【点睛】
if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句，反之为非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种：(1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”，主句用“should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。 (2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用过去式，系动词用were，主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。(3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”，主句用
“should(would, could, might) + 动词原形”。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had, should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。这时，如果出现not等否定词时需放在主语后面。本题中我们就是从主句先判断出这句话使用虚拟语气，再根据句意判断是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟。最后考虑倒装的形式是否正确。从形式上看，选项BD都是错误的，从倒装格式上看，选项C不正确，故选A。具体分析见详解。
10．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：他们俩谈心之后，看上去都年轻了十岁。根据语境，as if引导的表语从句用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词look可知，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选B。
11．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：昨天Jane离开了那场热烈的讨论，否则她可能会说一些让她永远遗憾的武断的话。otherwise在此相当于if she had not walked away from the discussion，即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，所以主句要用should/would/could/might+have done。故选D。
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词及虚拟语气。句意：为了避免受到影响，这个学生坚持要求他应该和他非常淘气的同桌分开。固定短语avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，与逻辑主语the student为被动关系，故用被动语态avoid being done。根据句意，逗号前面部分应该是目的状语，故用不定式作目的状语。第二空动词insist为“坚持要求”之意，后接从句用“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。故选A。
【点睛】
insist的宾语从句的用法一般分为两种情况：
1）如果insist翻译为“坚持说/坚持认为”，且宾语从句的动作为已经发生的情况，此时宾语从句采用正常的陈述语气。如：He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说/认为他是对的。2）如果insist翻译为“坚决主张/要求”，即宾语从句的动作当时尚未发生，此时宾语从句必须采用虚拟语气，构成为从句谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。如：He insisted that he (should) be praised for what he had done.
3）此题中的insist所引导的宾语从句采用了虚拟语气，即he be separated... = he should be separated...
13．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查隐含的虚拟语气。句意：昨天他很忙，否则他就会来参加会议了。这题考查虚拟语气的用法，这里的otherwise是隐含的虚拟条件句，相当于：If he hadn’t been busy yesterday，所以主句用would have done。选B。
14．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：Sam坚持说他没有违法，也不应该受到惩罚。此处考查insist用法，第一：当insist译为“坚持认为”，从句使用陈述语气，该句中insist使用一般过去时，故从句时态应为过去完成时（had+ done）；第二：当insist译为“坚持要求”，从句使用虚拟语气，结构为：主语+should+动词原形，should可以省略。该句第二个空中punish与Sam之间构成被动关系，故填should not be punished，should可省略。故选D项。
15．D
解析：D
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：看看你现在所处的困境。你要是听从你父母的建议多好啊！句意表达与事实相反的假设，要用虚拟语气。Look at the trouble I am in 提示现在已陷入困境，而现在的境况是过去不听从父母的建议导致的。if only“要是……该多好啊”表示对过去事实的相反假设时，条件句中要用过去完成时态来表示。故选D。
【点睛】
if only引导的虚拟语气的用法
If only：常常用来表示强烈的愿望，因为用于虚拟语句时和wish类似，表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。因而使用起来的形式与wish相同。
①表示与将来情况不同：if only＋从句主语＋would(could, might)+动词原形
eg：If only she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。
②表示与现在情况不同：if only＋从句主语＋动词过去式
eg：If only I wasn’t going to London.我希望我没去过伦敦。
③表达与过去情况不同：if only＋从句主语＋would/could have/had＋过去分词
eg：If only you had come to my birthday party.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。
16．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：——如果可能的话，你会给他急救吗？——是的，但是我受伤了。根据后文had it been possible可知是对过去情况的虚拟，时间背景为过去，故第一空填have offered。下文回答为真实的情况，应用一般过去时，故第二空填got hurt。故选C。
17．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：史密斯先生的医生建议他规律性地吃饭与锻炼。这是一个由that引导的宾语从句，由suggest（建议）可知，这句话是医生的建议，所以从句中谓语动词应使用（should）+动词原形。故选A。
【点睛】
在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中，由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：表示“要求”的：ask，desire，request，demand，require，beg；表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move，prpose，suggest，recommend，advise，vote；表示“决定、命令”的：decide，order；表示“主张”的：maintain，urge；表示“同意、坚持”的：consent，insist等。本题的句子是宾语从句，且有谓语动词suggest表示建议，所以其后的从句中谓语动词应使用should+动词原形的形式。故选A。
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是相信情况很快就会好转，许多人就不可能挺过这段艰难的时期。But for是固定搭配，意为“要不是”，引导的短语或句子相当于一个虚拟条件句。根据主句部分many people couldn’t have survived the rough time.可知，此处是对过去情况的假设，but for引导的从句部分是真实情况，根据时间状语soon可知，此处用过去将来时。故选C项。
19．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：林老师建议他参加阅读比赛。suggest表示“建议”，引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。故应填(should) take part in，should可以省略。故选D。
【点睛】
后接虚拟语气的常见词
1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.
She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.
2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：
It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.
Their decision was that the school remain closed.
3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。
20．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文可知，是对过去事情的虚拟，是与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
21．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我们在那个小村庄里迷了路，否则昨天我们会参观更多的名胜古迹。由语境及otherwise可知，逗号后的部分是一个含蓄条件句，由lost可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，故用would/could/should/might+have done结构。故选D。
22．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：他的表情表明他接受了邀请，他建议应该充分做准备。suggest作“暗示，表明”讲时，后面接陈述语句，根据句意可知，第一空的动作发生在suggested之前，表示“过去的过去”作，用过去完成时，故排除B、C项；suggest作“建议”讲时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，主语full preparations与谓语动词make是被动关系，故用should be made，should省略。故选D。23．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议公众保持一米的社交距离，避免任何可能的感染风险。recommend表示建议，后面的主语从句中的谓语动词，要用should加动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气。故选A。
24．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要求所有的学生在上课前，上交作业。分析句子可知，request 表示“要求”，that引导一个同位语从句，对“request”的内容解释说明，从句中应使用虚拟语气，即谓语部分用“（should）+动词原形”，且动词短语hand in和同位语从句的主语homework之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故选C项。
25．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果她知道你并没有打算伤害她这一事实的话，她就不会勃然大怒。根据题中wouldn't have 和fact后的同位语从句的时态可知，这是对过去时间的虚拟。在if的非真实条件句中，对过去时间的虚拟从句谓语动词要用had done，省略连词if后，句子要用部分倒装，即had提前至从句主语之前。故选B项。
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外研版英语虚拟语气易错题集锦-名师教育 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．—I don’t know what to wear at the party. — If I you, I would wear a shirt and a tie. A．am B．is C．were D．was 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：if从句的虚拟语气，对于现在的虚拟用一般过去式，be动词都用were,故选C.句意：——我不知道聚会该穿什么。——如果我是你，我会穿一件衬衫加一条领带。故选C 考点：if条件句的虚拟语气 点评：if条件句的虚拟语气，是中考要求掌握的知识点，分为三种情况： 表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用一般过去式（be用were），主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。 2．If I _______ you, I _______ go there. A．is; will B．is; would C．were; would D．was; will 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查虚拟语气，if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用一般过去式，主句用过去将来时。句意：如果我是你的话，我会去那儿的。 1.57．---What would you do if you a million dollars? ---If I you, I’d give it to medical research. A．got, were B．win, am C．won, am D．get, were 【答案】A 【解析】本题是考查的虚拟语气，对于将来的假设，主句用过去将来时，从句用一般过去时，且be动词为were，故选A 2.58．What _____ you _____ if you had a million dollars? A．would, did B．will, do C．would, do D．will, did 【答案】C 【解析】本题是对于虚拟语气的特殊疑问句的考查，根据句子的结构，选C 3．If I you, I give it to Microsoft research. A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：如果我是你，我会把它交给微软研究部。
高考英语动词知识点易错题汇编及答案解析(4)
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