2019年8月雅思真题回忆及解析
【雅思】8月28日考试完整版机经及解析(含范文)
【雅思】8月28日考试完整版机经及解析(含范文)听力LISTENINGPart 1新题／旧题：新题场景：志愿者的申请主题：工作申请题型及数量：10+填空关键信息June FridayPart 2新题／旧题：旧题场景：澳洲地区的地理及农业主题：地域介绍题型及数量：4选择题+6匹配题11-14)Multiple Choice11.What are the features that affect gardening in CanberraA.inland cityB.high altitudeC.has mountain around it12. what should gardeners keep record itA.duration of frostB.number of frostC.average frost temperature13. what about rainfall in CanberraA.plentifulB.seasonableC.unreliable14.what are the problem of soil in CanberraA.stop plants getting enough waterB.high level of mineralsC.very acidi15-20) Matching15. E (offering shade)16. F (insider house)17. C (near water)18. A (west near fence)19. B (ventilate close to street)20. DPart 3新题／旧题：旧题场景：音乐对缓解压力的讨论主题：学术分析对话题型及数量：6选择题+4地图21-26)Multiple Choice21. why do Sarah and James choose rock music in the experiment?A. it will produce more measurable results22. what does James say about the book Building A case?B. it offers practical help23. why does Sarah add some statistics in their experiment? 为什么SarahC. she thinks it will make her better with figures24. what are the relations of the study of Warwick University with that in Sarah and James’s?B. physical results25. what are the main focuses of the study of Sydney University?A. the relationship between music and relaxation26. The University of Lowa?B. the number of people used was too small.27-30) Matching27. limitation of the self-written questionnaire: E. get additional materials from the internet28. the complaint with the disturbance: F. borrow equipment29. the unreliability of CD players: A. get help from technicians30. the insufficient time of writing report: D. divide the workloadPart 4新题／旧题：旧题场景: 最古老的机械电脑-安提凯瑟拉机器主题: 报告题型及数量：10+填空The world oldest mechanical computer - Antikythera mechanism31-40) Completionsdiscovered in 1990, Greek island of Antikythera31.It was in the cargo of a ship that sank about 2000 years ago32.People find one item was assumed to be a lump of rock.33.One machine, called a Dome. can take photographs with a light coming from different angles.34.This has made far more of the inscriptions on the mechanism legible35.The blade runner was originally designed to examine engines for cracks.36.The mechanism is thought to have been mounted in a wood frame.How this to be used?37.The person simply rotated a handle to operate the gear wheels.38.the mechanism could predict when an eclipse39.It helped in planning the timing for agricultural and religious calendar of events40.a number of clocks were made, providing astronomical information as well as showing the time of day.阅读READING本场考试三篇，两篇新题一篇旧题，难度较大。
(完整word版)剑桥雅思8阅读理解解析含翻译
剑桥雅思8-第三套试题-阅读部分-PASSAGE 1-阅读真题原文部分:READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Striking Back at Lightning With LasersSeldom is the weather more dramatic than when thunderstorms strike. Their electrical fury inflicts death or serious injury on around 500 people each year in the United States alone. As the clouds roll in, a leisurely round of golf can become a terrifying dice with death - out in the open, a lone golfer may be a lightning bolt's most inviting target. And there is damage to property too. Lightning damage costs American power companies more than $100 million a year.But researchers in the United States and Japan are planning to hit back. Already in laboratory trials they have tested strategies for neutralising the power of thunderstorms, and this winter they will brave real storms, equipped with an armoury of lasers that they will be pointing towards the heavens to discharge thunderclouds before lightning can strike.The idea of forcing storm clouds to discharge their lightning on command is not new. In the early 1960s, researchers tried firing rockets trailing wires into thunderclouds to set up an easy discharge path for the huge electric charges that these clouds generate. The technique survives to this day at a test site in Florida run by the University of Florida, with support from the Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI), based in California. EPRI, which is funded by power companies, is looking at ways to protect the United States' power grid from lightning strikes. 'We can cause the lightning to strike where we want it to using rockets, ' says Ralph Bernstein, manager of lightning projects at EPRI. The rocket site is providing precise measurements of lightning voltages and allowing engineers to check how electrical equipment bears up.Bad behaviourBut while rockets are fine for research, they cannot provide the protection from lightning strikes that everyone is looking for. The rockets cost around $1, 200 each, can only be fired at a limited frequency and their failure rate is about 40 per cent. And even when they do trigger lightning, things still do not always go according to plan. 'Lightning is not perfectly well behaved, 'says Bernstein. 'Occasionally, it will take a branch and go someplace it wasn't supposed to go. ' And anyway, who would want to fire streams of rockets in a populated area? 'What goes up must come down, ' points out Jean-Claude Diels of the University of New Mexico. Diels is leading a project, which is backed by EPRI, to try to use lasers to discharge lightning safely - and safety is a basic requirement since no one wants to put themselves or their expensive equipment at risk. With around $500, 000 invested so far, a promising system is just emerging from the laboratory.The idea began some 20 years ago, when high-powered lasers were revealing their ability to extract electrons out of atoms and create ions. If a laser could generate a line of ionisation in the air all the way up to a storm cloud, this conducting path could be used to guide lightning to Earth, before the electric field becomes strong enough to break down the air in an uncontrollable surge. To stop the laser itself being struck, it would not be pointed straight at the clouds. Instead it would be directed at a mirror, and from there into the sky. The mirror would be protected by placing lightning conductors close by. Ideally, the cloud-zapper (gun)would be cheap enough to be installed around all key power installations, and portable enough to be taken to international sporting events to beam up at brewing storm clouds.A stumbling blockHowever, there is still a big stumbling block. The laser is no nifty portable: it's a monster that takes up a whole room. Diels is trying to cut down the size and says that a laser around the size of a small table is in the offing. He plans to test this more manageable system on live thunderclouds next summer.Bernstein says that Diels's system is attracting lots of interest from the power companies. But they have not yet come up with the $5 million that EPRI says will be needed to develop a commercial system, by making the lasers yet smaller and cheaper. 'I cannot say I have money yet, but I'm working on it, ' says Bernstein. He reckons that the forthcoming field tests will be the turning point - and he's hoping for good news. Bernstein predicts 'an avalanche of interest and support' if all goes well. He expects to see cloud-zappers eventually costing 100, 000 each.Other scientists could also benefit. With a lightning 'switch' at their fingertips, materials scientists could find out what happens when mighty currents meet matter. Diels also hopes to see the birth of 'interactive meteorology' - not just forecasting the weather but controlling it. 'If we could discharge clouds, we might affect the weather, ' he says.And perhaps, says Diels, we'll be able to confront some other meteorological menaces. 'We think we could prevent hail by inducing lightning, ' he says. Thunder, the shock wave that comes from a lightning flash, is thought to be the trigger for the torrential rain that is typical of storms. A laser thunder factory could shake the moisture out of clouds, perhaps preventing the formation of the giant hailstones that threaten crops. With luck, as the storm clouds gather this winter, laser-toting researchers could, for the first time, strike back.Questions 1-3Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.1 The main topic discussed in the text isA the damage caused to US golf courses and golf players by lightning strikes.B the effect of lightning on power supplies in the US and in Japan.C a variety of methods used in trying to control lightning strikes.D a laser technique used in trying to control lightning strikes.2 According to the text, every year lightningA does considerable damage to buildings during thunderstorms.B kills or injures mainly golfers in the United States.C kills or injures around 500 people throughout the world.D damages more than 100 American power companies.3 Researchers at the University of Florida and at the University of New MexicoA receive funds from the same source.B are using the same techniques.C are employed by commercial companies.D are in opposition to each other.Questions 4-6Complete the sentences below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 4-6 on your answer sheet.4 EPRI receives financial support from………………………….5 The advantage of the technique being developed by Diels is that it can be used……………….6 The main difficulty associated with using the laser equipment is related to its……………….Questions 7-10Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below.Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.In this method, a laser is used to create a line of ionisation by removing electrons from 7 …………………………. This laser is then directed at 8 …………………………in order to control electrical charges, a method which is less dangerous than using 9 …………………………. As a protection for the lasers, the beams are aimed firstly at 10………………………….A cloud-zappersB atomsC storm cloudsD mirrorsE techniqueF ionsG rockets H conductors I thunderQuestions 11-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this11 Power companies have given Diels enough money to develop his laser.12 Obtaining money to improve the lasers will depend on tests in real storms.13 Weather forecasters are intensely interested in Diels's system.READING PASSAGE 1篇章结构体裁说明文主题用激光回击闪电结构第1段：闪电带来的危害第2段：科研人员正在研究回击闪电的方法第3段：先前的闪电回击术介绍第4段：火箭回击术的缺陷第5段：更安全的激光回击术第6段：激光回击术的技术原理第7段：激光回击术的缺陷第8段：通过实地实验改进激光回击术第9段：激光回击术对其他学科也有益处第10段：激光回击术的其他用途解题地图难度系数：★★★解题顺序：按题目顺序解答即可友情提示：烤鸭们注意：本文中的SUMMARY题目顺序有改变，解题要小心；MULTIPLE CHOICE的第三题是个亮点，爱浮想联翩的烤鸭们可能会糊掉。
2019年8月1日雅思阅读考试真题及解析
2019年8月1日雅思阅读考试真题及解析八月的第一场雅思考试已经顺利地落下了帷幕，可以说是有人欢喜有人愁。
今天就跟着店铺来一起看看2019年8月1日雅思阅读考试真题及解析。
Passage1：非洲某个国家的农业参考原文及答案：A By tradition land in Luapula is not owned by individuals，but as in many other parts of Africa is allocated by the headman or headwoman of a village to people of either sex， according to need. Since land is generally prepared by hand，one ulupwa cannot take on a very large area； in this sense land has not been a limiting resource over large parts of the province. The situation has already changed near the main townships， and there has long been a scarcity of land for cultivation in the Valley. In these areas registered ownership patterns are becoming prevalent.B Most of the traditional cropping in Luapula，as in the Bemba area to the east，is based on citemene，a system whereby crops are grown on the ashes of tree branches. As a rule，entire trees are not felled （v. 砍到），but are pollarded （v. 截去树梢）so that they can regenerate. Branches are cut over an area of varying size early in the dry season， and stacked to dry over a rough circle about a fifth to a tenth of the pollarded area. The wood is fired before the rains and in the first year planted with the African cereal finger millet （Eleusine coracana）. The grain of this crop is used to brew local beers such as cipumu， which contribute several vitamins of the B complex to peoples’ diet. Cipumu is also used in cementing reciprocal working relationships （Pottier 1985）.C During the second season， and possibly for a few seasonsmore the area is planted to variously mixed combinations of annuals （n. 一年生植物）such as maize，pumpkins （Telfiria occidentalis）and other cucurbits，sweet potatoes，groundnuts，Phaseolus beans and various leafy vegetables，grown with a certain amount of rotation （n. 轮流）. The diverse sequence ends with vegetable cassava， which is often planted into the developing last-but-one crop as a relay.D Richards （1969） observed that the practice of citemene entails a definite division of labour between men and women. A man stakes out a plot in an unobtrusive manner，since it is considered provocative towards one’s neighbours to mark boundaries in an explicit way. The dangerous work of felling branches is the m en’s province，and involves much pride. Branches are stacked by the women，and fired by the men. Formerly women and men cooperated in the planting work， but the harvesting was always done by the women. At the beginning of the cycle little weeding is necessary， since the firing of the branches effectively destroys weeds. As the cycle progresses weeds increase and nutrients eventually become depleted to a point where further effort with annual crops is judged to be not worthwhile： at this point the cassava is planted， since it can produce a crop on nearly exhausted soil. Thereafter the plot is abandoned，and a new area pollarded for the next citemene cycle.E When forest is not available-this is increasingly the case nowadays-various ridging systems （ibala）are built on small areas，to be planted with combinations of maize，beans，groundnuts and sweet potatoes， usually relayed with cassava. These plots are usually tended by women，and provide subsistence. Where their roots have year-round access to watertables （n. 地下水位、潜水面）mango， guava and oil-palm trees often grow around houses， forming a traditional agroforestry （n. 农林业）system. In season some of the fruit is sold by the roadside or in local markets.F The margins of dambos are sometimes planted to local varieties of rice during the rainy season， and areas adjacent to vegetables irrigated with water from the dambo during the dry season. The extent of cultivation is very limited，no doubt because the growing of crops under dambo conditions calls for a great deal of skill （Dougnac 1987：9-10）. Near towns some of the vegetable produce is sold in local markets.G Fishing has long provided a much needed protein supplement （n. 补充）to the diet of Luapulans， as well as being the one substantial source of cash. Much fish is dried for sale to areas away from the main waterways. The Mweru and Bangweulu Lake Basins are the main areas of year-round fishing， but the Luapula River is also exploited （v. 开采）during the latter part of the dry season. Several previously abundant and desirable species，such as the Luapula salmon or mpumbu （Labeo altivelis）and pale （Sarotherodon machochir）have all but disappeared from Lake Mweru，apparently due to mismanagement （Huckaby 1979）.H Fishing has always been a far more remunerative activity in Luapula that crop husbandry （n. 农业、资源管理）. A fisherman may earn more in a week than a bean or maize grower in a whole season. I sometimes heard claims that the relatively high earnings to be obtained from fishing induced an‘ easy come，easy go’ outlook a mong Luapulan men. On the other hand， someone who secures good but erratic earnings may feel that their investment in an economically productive activity is notworthwhile because Luapulans fail to cooperate well in such activities. Besides， a fisherman with spare cash will find little in the way of working equipment to spend his money on. Better spend one’s money in the bars and have a good time！I Only small numbers of cattle or oxen are kept in the province owing to the prevalence of the tse-tse fly. For the few herds， the dambos provide subsistence grazing during the dry season. The absence of animal draft power greatly limits peoples’ ability to plough （n. 耕、犁）and cultivate land：a married couple an rarely manage to prepare by hand-hoeing.J Most people keep freely roaming chickens and goats. These act as a reserve for bartering （物物交换），but may also be occasionally slaughtered for ceremonies or for entertaining important visitors. These animals are not a regular part of most peoples’ diet.K Citemene has been an ingenious system for providing people with seasonal production of high quality cereals and vegetables in regions of acid， heavily leached soils. Nutritionally，the most serious deficiency was that of protein. This could at times be alleviated when fish was available，provided that cultivators lived near the Valley and could find the means of bartering for dried fish. The citemene/fishing system was well adapted to the ecology of the miombo regions and sustainable for long periods，but only as long as human population densities stayed at low levels.L Although population densities are still much lower than in several countries of South-East Asia， neither the fisheries nor the forests and woodlands of Luapula are capable，with unmodified traditional practices，of supporting the people in sustainable manner. For instance，even in a normal seasonpeople suffer from a lack of energy，protein，vitamins and minerals in the diet. A third of under-five children brought to clinics are either stagnant （adj. 停滞的）in growth， or are losing weight.M Overall， people must learn to intensify and diversify their productive systems while yet ensuring that these systems will remain productive in the future， when even more people will need food. Increasing overall production of food， though a vast challenge in itself， will not be enough， however. At the same time storage and distribution systems must allow everyone access to at least a moderate share of the total.Questions 1-4 .................................................................................Complete the sentences below with words taken from Reading Passage 1.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.1 In Luapula land allocation is in accordance with2 The citemene system provides the land with where crops are planted.3 During the second season， the last planted crop is4 Under suitable conditions， fruit trees are planted nearQuestions 5-8 .................................................................................Classify the following items with the correct description.Write your answers in boxes 5-8 on your answer sheetA fishB oxenC goats5 be used in some unusual occasions， such as celebrations.6 cannot thrive for being affected by the pests.7 be the largest part of creating profit.8 be sold beyond the local area.Questions 9-12 ...............................................................................Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1？In boxes 9-12 on your answer sheet， writeTRUE if the sataement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this9 People rarely use animals to cultivate land.10 The local residents eat goats on a regular time.11 When it is a busy time， children are usually taken as the labor force.12 Though citemene has been a sophisticated system，it could not provide enough protein.Questions 13 ...................................................................................Choose the correct letter， A， B， C or D.Write the correct letter in the box 13 on your answer sheet.What is the writer’s opinion about the traditional ways of practices？A They can supply the nutrition that people need.B They are not capable of providing adequate support to the population.C They are productive systems that need no more improving.D They will be easily modified in the future.1. need2. ashes3. vegetable cassava4. houses5. C6. B7. A8. A9. TRUE10. FALSE11. NOT GIVEN12. TRUE13. BPassage2：考古发现古埃及水下遗迹参考答案：待补充Passage3： facial expression面部表情参考原文及答案：A A facial expression is one or more motions or positions of the muscles in the skin. These movements convey the emotional state of the individual to observers. Facial expressions are a form of nonverbal communication. They are a primary means of conveying social information among aliens， but also occur in most other mammals （哺乳动物）and some other animal species. Facial expressions and their significance in the perceiver can， to some extent， vary between cultures with evidence from descriptions in the works of Charles Darwin.B Humans can adopt a facial expression to read as a voluntary action. However， cause expressions are closely tied to emotion， they are more often involuntary （不知不觉的）. It can be nearly impossible to avoid expressions for certain emotions，even when it would be strongly desirable to do so； a person who is trying to avoid insulting an individual he or she finds highly unattractive might ，nevertheless，show a brief expression of disgust before being able to reassume a neutral expression. Microexpressions（微表情）are one example of thisphenomenon. The close link between emotion and expression can also work in the other direction； it has been observed that voluntarily assuming an expression can actually cause the associated emotion.C Some expressions can be accurately interpreted even between members of different species- anger and extreme contentment （满足，满意）being the primary examples . Others ，however，are difficult to interpret even in familiar individuals. For instance， disgust and fear can be tough to tell apart. Because faces have only a limited range of movement，expressions rely upon fairly minuscule differences in the proportion and relative position of facial features， and reading them requires considerable sensitivity to same. Some faces are often falsely read as expressing some emotion， even when they are neutral， because their proportions naturally resemble those another face would temporarily assume.D Also， a person 1s eyes reveal much about how they are feeling，or what they are thinking. Blink rate（眨眼率）can reveal how nervous or at ease a person may be. Research by Boston College professor Joe Tecce suggests that stress levels are revealed by blink rates. He- supports his data with statistics on the relation between the blink rates of presidential candidates and their success in their races. Tecce claims that the faster blinker in the presidential debates has lost every election since 1980. Though Tecce 1 s data is interesting，it is important to recognize that non-verbal communication is multi-channeled，and focusing on only one aspect is reckless. Nervousness can also be measured by examining each candidates’ perspiration，eye contact and stiffness.E As Charles Darwin noted in his book The Expression of theEmotions in Man and Animals：the young and the old of widely different races， both with man and animals， express the same state of mind by the same movements. Still， up to the mid—20th century most anthropologists （人类学家）believed that facial expressions were entirely learned and could therefore differ among cultures. Studies conducted in the 1960s by Paul Ekman eventually supported Darwin’s belief to a large degree.F Ekman’s work on facial expressions had its starting point in the work of psychologist Silvan Tomkins. Ekman showed that contrary to the belief of some anthropologists including Margaret Mead， facial expressions of emotion are not culturally determined，but universal across human cultures. The South Fore people of New Guinea were chosen as subjects for one such survey. The study consisted of 189 adults and 130 children from among a very isolated population，as well as twenty three members of the culture who lived a less isolated lifestyle as a control group. Participants were told a story that described one particular emotion； they were then shown three pictures （two for children）of facial expressions and asked to match the picture which expressed the story’s emotion.G While the isolated South Fore people could identify emotions with the same accuracy as the non-isolated control group， problems associated with the study include the fact that both fear and surprise were constantly misidentified. The study concluded that certain facial expressions correspond to particular emotions and can not be covered，regardless of cultural background，and regardless of whether or not the culture has been isolated or exposed to the mainstream.H Expressions Ekman found to be universal included those indicating anger， disgust， fear， joy， sadness， and surprise（note that none of these emotions has a definitive social component，such as shame，pride，or schadenfreude）. Findings on contempt （which is social） are less clear， though there is at least some preliminary evidence that this emotion and its expression are universally recognized. This may suggest that the facial expressions are largely related to the mind and each parts on the face can express specific emotion.Questions 28-32 .............................................................................SummaryComplete the Summary paragraph described below. In boxes 28-33 on your answer sheet， write the correct answer with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDSThe result of Ekman’s study demonstrates that fear and surprise are persistently 28 and made a conclusion that some facial expressions have something to do with certain 29 which is impossible covered，despite of 29 and whether the culture has been 30 or 31 to the mainstream.Questions 33-38 .............................................................................The reading Passage has seven paragraphs A-H.Which paragraph contains the following information？Write the correct letter J-J^ in boxes 34-38 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.33 the difficulty identifying the actual meaning of facial expressions34 the importance of culture on facial expressions35 collected data for the research on the relation between blink and the success in elections36 impossible to differentiate some closely related expressions37 an indicator to reflect one’s extent of nervousness38 the relation between emotion and facial expressionsQuestions 39-40 .............................................................................Choose two letters from the A-EWrite your answers in boxes 39-40 on your answer sheet.Which Two of the following statements are true according to Ekman’s theory？A No evidence shows animals have their own facial expressions.B Mind controls man’s facial expressions.C Facial expressions are concerning different cultures.D Different spots on face convey certain state of mind.E The definite relationship between facial expressions and state of mind exists28. misidentified29. emotions30. cultural background31. isolated32. exposed33. C34. A35. D36. H37. D38. B39. B40. D。
2019年8月10日雅思阅读考试真题及解析
2019年8月10日雅思阅读考试真题及解析上周六完成了最新一期的雅思考试，那么大家对自己的考试分数有没有信心呢？和来一起看看2019年8月10日雅思阅读考试真题及解析。
一、考题解析P1 芭蕾P2 潮汐能P3 IT公司选址二、名师点评1. 本次考试难度整体简单。
2. 整体分析：涉及发展史类（P1）、科学类（P2）、商业类（P3）本场考试题型整体偏细节题型，配对题行较少，第一篇共两个题型（判断和填空），定位明显，逻辑清晰，简单易懂；第二篇文章为旧题，话题比较陌生，好在题型定位明显，并无太大理解障碍；第三篇为新题，，共两个题型，说明性质文体，但话题不够熟悉，行文方式学术化较强，难度略高。
3. 主要题型：本次考试配对题型比例较低，主要出现在第二篇中，细节题偏多，尤其是判断与填空题型占主要，故对考生来说，要求快速定位能力。
4. 文章分析：第一篇文章主要介绍芭蕾舞的发展历程；第二篇文章讲述科学家利用海洋潮汐，为人类提供能量来源，例如发电等；第三篇介绍IT公司选择公司地址时需要考虑的因素；5. 部分答案及参考文章：Passage 1：题型：判断6+填空 7Until 1689，ballet in Russia was nonexistent. The Tsarist control and isolationism in Russia allowed for little influence from the West. It wasn＇t until the rise of Peter the Great that Russiansociety opened up to the West. St. Petersburg was erected to embrace the West and compete against Moscow’s isolationism. Peter the Great created a new Russia which rivaled the society of the West with magnificent courts and palaces. His vision was to challenge the west. Classical ballet entered the realm of Russia not as entertainment，but as a “standard of physical comportment to be emulated and internalized-an idealized way of behaving. The aim was not to entertain the masses of Russians，but to create a cultivated and new Russian people.Empress Anna，（1730 –1740）was devoted to ostentatious amusements （balls， fireworks， tableaux）， and in the summer of 1734 ordered the appointment of Jean-Baptiste Landé as dancing-master in the military academy she had founded in 1731 for sons of the nobility. In 1738， he became ballet master and head of the new ballet school， launching the advanced study of ballet in Russia， and winning the patronage of elite families.France provided many leaders such as Charles Didelot in St Petersburg （1801-1831），Jules Perrot（1848-1859）and Arthur Saint-Léon （1859-69）.In the early 19th century， the theaters were opened up to anyone who could afford a ticket. A seating section called a rayok，or ＇paradise gallery＇， consisted of simple wooden benches. This allowed non-wealthy people access to the ballet， because tickets in this section were inexpensive.One author describes the Imperial ballet as “unlike that of any other country in the world…the most prestigious of the ballet troupes were those attached to the state-supported theatres. The directors of these companies were personally appointed by the tsar， and all the dancers were， in a sense， Imperial servants.In the theatre，the men in the audience always remained standing until the tsar entered his box and，out of respect，after the performance they remained in their places until he had departed. Curtain calls were arranged according to a strict pattern： first，the ballerina bowed to the tsar’s box， then to that of the theater director， and finally to the general public1. T2. F3. NG4. T5. T6. F7. theater8. win worldwide popularity9. dance and dress10. ？11. successful publication12. director13. comic技巧分析：本文并未出现配对题型，考生应尽可能利用定位法找出答案，细节题型同时出现，考生可以根据顺序原则快速定位答案范围，同时留意三个题型间的关系，如处在中间的判断题，可以根据单选的最后一题出现的位置向后找，可以提高效率；做选择题时需要注意巧妙利用排除法，找出最合适的答案；最后需要注意多选题答案一般涉及文章一部分，根据其出现的位置，可以从文章结尾向前找答案，节省时间。
雅思A类大作文2019真题范文汇总 持续更新
2018已经结束，让我们开始2019新的雅思征程吧！本文将持续记录2019年全球雅思A类写作大作文真题分享给大家！2019-08-31: Task 2Nowadays some people claim that public museums and art galleries will not be needed because people can see historical objects and works of art by using a computer. Do you agree or disagree with this opinion?2019-08-24: Task 2Research into new types of medicine and treatments are essential for improve health and deal with diseases. Who do you think should fund these researches: private companies, individuals or governments?Questions and samples related to topic “HEALTH”:2019-08-24: Task 2When a new town is planned, it is more important to develop public parks and sports facilities than shopping centers for people to spend their free time in. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Questions and samples related to topic “PEOPLE”:2019-08-24: Task 2Some people think that government should spend money for faster public transportation, others think that there are other important priorities of public transport (cost, environment). Discuss both view and give your opinion.Questions and samples related to topic “GOVERNMENT,MONEY”:2019-08-24: Task 2In some countries, the unemployment is high, therefore some people think children should study only primary education and not secondary education as because they cannot ?nd jobs in the future. To what extent do you agree or disagree.Questions and samples related to topic “EMPLOYMENT,EDUCATION”:2019-08-24: Task 2When new towns are planned, it is important to build more public parks and sports facilities, rather than shopping centres for people to spend their free time. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2019-08-17: Task 2More and more parents are allowing their children to play on computers and tablets as they think that children should learn technology skills. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?Questions and samples related to topic “TECHNOLOGY”:2019-08-17: Task 2Some people think the manufacturers or shopping malls should sell less packaged products and others argue that people have the responsibility to buy products with less packaging. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.Questions and samples related to topic “CONSUME”:2019-08-17: Task 2Study shows that many criminals have a low level education. For this reason, some people believe that the best way to reduce crime is to educate people in prison, so that they can get a job when they leave prison. Do you agree or disagree?Questions and samples related to topic “CRIME,EDUCATION”:2019-08-17: Task 2Government should stop spending on restoration of old buildings in cities. Instead they should spend the money on housing and road development. Do you agree or disagree?Questions and samples related to topic “GOVERNMENT,MONEY”:2019-08-10: Task 2Some people say that drug companies have a responsibility to spend money on researching medicines that will help people in poorer countries. Others say the main responsibility of drug companies is to make money. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Questions and samples related to topic “MONEY”:2019-08-10: Task 2Some people think zoos are cruel and all the zoos should be closed. However, some people think zoos can help protect the rare animals. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Questions and samples related to topic “ANIMAL”:2019-08-07: Task 2Nowadays many of us prefer to throw damaged things away, whereas in the past people used to repair damaged items and keep them for a long time. Why has this change happened? What are the effects of this change? Give relevant examples from your knowledge or experience.Questions and samples related to topic “WASTING”:2019-08-01: Task 2Some people think learning history in school is important. Some others think learning subjects more relevant to life is important. Discuss both views and give your opinion.Questions and samples related to topic “SCHOOL,HISTORY”:2019-08-01: Task 2In many countries, the cost of living is on the rise. What effects do higher prices have on individuals and society? How to deal with higher costs?Questions and samples related to topic “LIFESTYLE”:2019-07-27: Task 2Today, the quality of life of people in big cities is getting worse. What are the causes of this problem? Any measures should be taken to solve it?Questions and samples related to topic “LIFESTYLE,CITY”:2019-07-27: Task 2Some parents give their children everything that their children ask for and accept what their children want to do. Is this good for children? What could be consequences for these children when they grow up?Questions and samples related to topic “CHILDREN,PARENT”:2019-07-27: Task 2Some people think that young people should spend free time with families instead of outside entertainment, others disagree. Discuss both views and give your opinion.Questions and samples related to topic “YOUNG PEOPLE”:2019-07-27: Task 2Parents are trying to reach childcare tutors, to learn how to care children? Is that essential? Give your opinion on this and illustrate an exampleQuestions and samples related to topic “PARENT,CHILDREN”:2019-07-20: Task 2Many people aim to achieve a balance between work and other parts of lives, but few people achieve it. What are the problems in trying to achieve it and how to overcome these problems?Questions and samples related to topic “LIFESTYLE,WORK”:2019-07-20: Task 2The news media’s tendency to report problems and emergencies rather than positive development is harmful to individuals and the society. To what extend do you agree or disagree?Questions and samples related to topic “MEDIA”:2019-07-18: Task 2The restoration of old buildings in major cities in the world costs enormous government expenditure. This money should be used in new housing and road development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Questions and samples related to topic “GOVERNMENT,MONEY”:2019-07-18: Task 2Reading for pleasure can develop imagination and language skills better than watching TV. To what extent you agree or disagree?Questions and samples related to topic “LEISURE ACTIVITY”:2019-07-18: Task 2Many employers believe that good social skills is as important as good quali?cations to succeed in a job, so they are employing people who are with good social skills. To what extent you agree or disagree?Questions and samples related to topic “EMPLOYMENT”:2019-07-18: Task 2Houses are essential for people. Some people think that the government should o?er free houses for people who cannot a?ord to pay for it. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?Questions and samples related to topic “HOUSE,GOVERNMENT”:2019-07-06: Task 2Many people today prefer to eat locally produced food. Do the advantages of this trend outweigh disadvantages for the environment and economy?Questions and samples related to topic “FOOD,ENVIRONMENT”:2019-07-06: Task 2More and more business meetings and business training have taken place on the internet. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?Questions and samples related to topic “BUSINESS,INTERNET”:2019-06-29: Task 2Some people claim that many things children learn at school have actually wasted their time. Other people argue that everything taught at school is useful in the future. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “CHILDREN”:2019-06-29: Task 2Sending criminals to prison is not the best method of dealing with them. Education and job training are better ways to help them. Do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “CRIME”:2019-06-29: Task 2Some people from poor and rural backgrounds find it difficult to get university education. Universities have to make it easy to let them in, especially for those groups. To what extent do you agree or not?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “EDUCATION”:2019-06-29: Task 2For some people, consumer goods have become most important thing in the life. Doadvantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “EDUCATION”:2019-06-24: Task 2New technologies provided machines which replaced workers to do certain physical jobs and tasks. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “TECHNOLOGY”:2019-06-22: Task 2Many museums and historic sites are mainly visited by tourists, not local people. Why is it the case? What can be done to attract local people?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ART”:2019-06-22: Task 2As countries develop, more and more people buy and use their own cars. Do advantages of this trend for individuals outweigh the disadvantage for the environment?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ENVIRONMENT”:2019-06-22: Task 2Many famous sports players advertise in sports products. Do you think advantages outweigh the disadvantages?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “AD,SPORT”:2019-06-22: Task 2Some people believe that a country becomes more interesting and develops faster when its population includes a mixture of different nationalities and cultures. Do you agree or disagree?【范文】2019-06-13: Task 2In many countries today, people in cities ether live alone or in small family units, rather than in large, extended family groups. Is this a positive or negative trend?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “LIFESTYLE”:2019-06-13: Task 2Individuals can do nothing to improve the environment. Only governments and large companies can make a difference. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ENVIRONMENT”:2019-06-01: Task 2Human activities have negative effects on plant and animal species. Some people think it is too late to do anything about this problem. Others believe that effective measures can be taken to improve this situation. Discuss both views and give our opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ENVIRONMENT”:2019-06-01: Task 2An increasing number of developing countries are expanding their tourist industry. Why do you think it is the case? Do you think it is a positive development?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “TOURISM”:2019-06-01: Task 2Earlier technological developments brought benefits and changes to the lives of ordinary people more than recent technological developments. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “TECHNOLOGY”:2019-06-01: Task 2Some people think that books should be stopped in school and that videos, films and computers should be used instead. To what extent do you agree?2019-05-25: Task 2In some countries, secondary schools aim to provide a general education with a range of subjects. In others, it has a narrow range of specific subjects to focus student to their future career. What system will be more appropriate in today’s world?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “EDUCATION”:2019-05-23: Task 2In many countries, a high proportion of criminal acts are committed by teenagers. Why has this happened? What can be done to deal with this?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “CRIME”:2019-05-23: Task 2There is little control over the design and construction of new homes and office buildings, and people can build in whatever style they like. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “HOME,BUILDING”:2019-05-23: Task 2It is important to give children a possibility to act independently and make their own decisions from early age. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this idea?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “CHILDREN”:2019-05-23: Task 2Some people think that big international sporting events are not worth for the host country. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this idea?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “SPORT”:2019-05-18: Task 2People are surrounded by many kinds of advertising which can influence their life. Does the positive effect of this trend outweigh the negative effect?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “AD”:2019-05-18: Task 2Employers should give their staff at least 4 weeks’ holiday. It can make them perform better in their work. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “BUSINESS”:2019-05-11: Task 2Most of the world’s problems are caused by over-population. To what extend do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “POPULATION”:2019-05-11: Task 2Many businesses think that the new employees who graduate from schools lack basic interpersonal skills, such as working with colleagues as team. What has caused this and what are solutions to the problems?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “BUSINESS”:2019-05-11: Task 2In some countries, more and more shops are open long hours every day. What are positive and negative developments of this situation?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “BUSINESS”:2019-05-04: Task 2As technology is used more in the workplace, some people tend to believe that young people can find jobs more easily than older people. To What extend do you agree or disagree?Questions and samples related to topic “TECHNOLOGY”:2019-05-04: Task 2Children spend a lot of time playing computer games rather than playing sport. Why has this happened? Do you think it is a positive or negative development?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “GAME,SPORT”:2019-05-04: Task 2Some people think the best way to solve environmental problems is to increase the cost of fuel for cars and other vehicles. To what extend do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ENVIRONMENT”:2019-05-04: Task 2In many cities, young people prefer shopping as a form of leisure activity. Why has this happened? Do you think it is a positive or negative development?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “SHOPPING”:2019-05-04: Task 2Some people think studying in groups is good for school students and others think self study is better. Explain both and give your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “STUDY”:2019-05-04: Task 2Some people think that the development of technology help to decrease crime, others think that encourage crime.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “TECHNOLOGY”:2019-04-27: Task 2Mainly museums and historical sites are visited by tourist not local people. Discuss the reasons and give a solution to this problem.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “TOURISM”:2019-04-27: Task 2Economic wealth in rich countries brings happiness. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ECONOMIC”:2019-04-27: Task 2Some people think certain old buildings are more worth preserving than the other ones. Which types of old buildings should be preserved? To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “BUILDING”:2019-04-27: Task 2Some people think that it is a waste of time for an individual to plan for the future and that it is more important to focus on the present. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “WASTING”:2019-04-25: Task 2Why are young people leaving their homes from rural areas to study or work in thecities? Do advantages of this development outweigh its disadvantages?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “LIFESTYLE”:2019-04-25: Task 2In many countries today, people in cities either live alone or in small family units, rather than in large, extended family groups. Is this a positive or negative trend?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “LIFESTYLE”:2019-04-13: Task 2Some people believe famous people’s support towards international aid organizations draws attention to problems, while others think celebrities make the problems less important. Discuss both views and give your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “CELEBRITY”:2019-04-06: Task 2Many people believe that government should support sports and the arts at school to encourage children to take part in sports, more than supporting professional sports and artistic performances for general public. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “CHILDREN,”:2019-04-06: Task 2Some think the best way to reduce time people spending traveling to work is to replace the parks and gardens close to the city centers with apartment buildings where commuter can live, while others disagree. Discuss both views and give your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “TRANSPORT”:2019-04-06: Task 2Today, many people have little knowledge about the importance of natural world. What are the reasons for this? How can we solve this problem?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ENVIRONMENT”:2019-03-23: Task 2In the future, there will be more older people than younger people in most nations. Is this a positive or negative development?Questions and samples related to topic “POPULATION”:2019-03-23: Task 2Some people believe that the family has greater influence in child’s development. Others believe that other influences (television, friends, music etc) has greater influence. Discuss both views and give your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “CHILDREN”:2019-03-14: Task 2Many small town center shops are running out of business because rural residents tend to go shopping in big cities store. To what extent do the disadvantages of this development outweigh the advantages?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “SHOPPING,CITY”2019-03-14: Task 2Scientists have been warning from many years about environmental protection and we should limit the use of energy in daily lives. What are the reasons for that? How to encouraged people to take an interest towards environment protection?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ENVIRONMENT”2019-03-10: Task 2In many countries, more money is spent on transport system in the cities. In contrast, very little is spent in rural areas. What are the effects of this? What can be done to solve this problem?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “TRANSPORT,SPENTING”2019-03-09: Task 2Some people think that men are naturally more competitive than women. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Questions and samples related to topic “GENDER,COMPETITION”2019-03-02: Task 2The world of work is changing rapidly. Working conditions today are not the sameas before and people no longer rely on taking one job for life. Describe the possible causes and give suggestions on how people should prepare for work in the future.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “WORK”2019-03-02: Task 2Leaders and directors in some organisations are frequently older people. Some people think younger leaders would be better. What extent do you agree and disagree?【范文】2019-03-02: Task 2Some people believe that teenagers should concentrate on all school subjects, others think that they should focus on subjects which they do best or find interesting. Discuss both views and your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “SUBJECT”2019-03-02: Task 2Country should produce all food eaten by their populations and import less as possible. To what extent you agree or disagree.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “FOOD”2019-02-23: Task 2Today people are sleeping less than before in many countries. What effect does it have on an individually and on society? Why do people do it?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “HEALTH”2019-02-23: Task 2Some people think that government is wasting money on the arts and this money could be spent elsewhere. To what extent do you agree with this view?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “MONEY,ART”2019-02-23: Task 2Computer techniques have become cheap and easy to assess, young or adults will work from home and children will study from home. Do you think it is a positive or negative change.Questions and samples related to topic “TECHNOLOGY”2019-02-22: Task 2Some people believe that products are all about good quality and its needs in people, advertisement is unnecessary and only a form of entertainment. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “AD”2019-02-17: Task 2Some countries spend a lot of money to make bicycle usage easier. Why is this? Is this the best solution?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “MONEY”:2019-02-14: Task 2Now many people spend less and less time at home. What are the causes for this? What are the effects of this on individuals and on the society?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “LIFESTYLE”2019-02-14: Task 2Economic growth is only one key factor for ending world poverty problem, however someone says it leads towards a environment damaging and should be stopped. Discuss both of these views and give you own opinion.【范文】2019-02-14: Task 2Plastic shopping bags contribute to the pollution of land and sea, some think they should be banned. Do you agree or disagree? Give examples of your knowledge.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “POLLUTION”2019-02-12: Task 2If you sell a product and the people buy it, then advertising is not necessary and considered as a kind of entertainment. Are you agree or disagree with this? Give an example from your experience to support your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “AD”2019-02-09: Task 2The government should make people take responsibility for their actions to the environment. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ENVIRONMENT”:2019-02-09: Task 2Some people think that a good diet and exercise are not necessary for health and long life. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “HEALTH”2019-02-09: Task 2Some people think that the government should spend on big art pieces and sculptures. Discuss both of these views and give you own opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “MONEY”2019-02-02: Task 2People can access games or films at any time from mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets and laptop computers. Do the advantages of such developments outweigh the disadvantages? 【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “GAME,FILM”2019-02-02: Task 2Some people think that animal testing to advance medical research for human use Is necessary. Others think it is not right. Discuss both of these views and give you own opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ANIMAL”2019-01-29: Task 2Some people believe that family is the most powerful influence in a child’s development. Others believe that the factors such as television, friends, music etc. play a greater role today. Discuss both views and give your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “CHILDREN, FAMILY”2019-01-29: Task 2Many people believe that advertising have negative effects on customers. What extend do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “AD”2019-01-29: Task 2Some parents believe that advertisements are misleading to children, while advertisers claim that they provide knowledge for children. Discuss both views and give your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “AD”2019-01-25: Task 2Most people work hard to earn lots of money and there is no other reason. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “MONEY”2019-01-19: Task 2 (Poland)Some people think that government should spend money on creating new pubic buildings such as museum, city halls, rather than renovating the existing ones. To what extent do you agree or disagree.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “MONEY”2019-01-19: Task 2Some people think the money spent in developing technology for space exploration is not justified. There are more beneficial ways to spend this money. To what extent do you agree or disagree.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “MONEY”2019-01-19: Task 2Some people think that the best way to learn is from newspaper. Others think that the best way to learn is through media. Discuss each views and your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “LEARN,STUDY”2019-01-12: Task 2 (Saudi Arabia; Egypt)People waste a lot of food that was bought from shops and restaurants these days. What causes it and what solutions are possible.【范文】2019-01-12: Task 2 (India; Nepal)Nowadays people live longer, so should people remain in the workforce for a longer time. To what extent do you agree or disagree.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “WORK”2019-01-12: Task 2 (Canada; USA)Many people think that we have to focus on the endangered species while other think that we should pay attention to the problem of human beings. Discuses both and give your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “ANIMAL”2019-01-12: Task 2 (Australia)Some people believe that parents with the help of parenting and child development course can improve the life of children. To what extent do you agree or disagree?【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “CHILDREN”2019-01-05: Task 2 (Turkey)Some employers think that in order to find best employees they need to consider personal qualities rather than qualifications and experience.To what extent do you agree or disagree.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “EMPLOYMENT”2019-01-05: Task 2 (India)In some culture old people are valued more while in some culture young are given more value. Discuss both the views and give your opinion.【范文】Questions and samples related to topic “PEOPLE”。
2019年英语专八真题解析
பைடு நூலகம்
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
1. power and dominance 2. make oneselfbig/ open up 3. make oneself small/ close up 4. the opposite/ complementary 5. occupymg space 6. gender/ sex 7. minds and bodies 8. assertive/ confident/ optimistic 9. different people 10. a gambling opportunity 11. dominance hormone 12. stress hormone 13. assertive or stress-reactive/ confident or stress-reactive 14. change our outcomes/ change the outcomes 15. do the best
And what are nonverbal expressions of power and dominance? Well, this is what they are. In the animal kingdom, nonverbal expressions of power and dominance are about expanding. So you make yourself big, you stretch out, you take up space and you're basically opening up. And… and humans do the same thing. So they do this when they're feeling powerful in the moment. And this one is especially interesting because it really shows us how universal and old these expressions of power are. For example, when athletes cross the finish line and they've won, it doesn't matter if they've never seen anyone do it. They do this. So the arms are up in the V sign, the chin is slightly lifted. But what do we do when we feel powerless? We do exactly the opposite. We close up. We make ourselves small. We don't want to bump into the person next to us. And this is what happens when you put together high and low power. So what we tend to do when it comes to power is that we complement the other's nonverbals. What I mean is if someone is being really powerful with us, we tend to make ourselves smaller. We don't mirror them. We do the opposite.
2019年雅思阅读理解精选试题及答案汇总10道题
2019年雅思阅读理解精选试题及答案卷面总分：100分答题时间：50分钟试卷题量：10题一、问答题（共10题，共100分）1.Selling Digital Music without Copy-protection Makes SenseA. It was uncharacteristically low-key for the industry’s greatest showman. But the essay published this week by Steve Jobs, the boss of Apple, on his firm’s website under the unassuming title “Thoughts on Music” has nonetheless provoked a vigorous debate about the future of digital music, which Apple dominates with its iPod music-player and iTunes music-store. At issue is “digital rights management” (DRM)—the technology guarding downloaded music against theft. Since there is no common standard for DRM, it also has the side-effect that songs purchased for one type of music-player may not work on another. Apple’s DRM system, called FairPlay, is the most widespread. So it came as a surprise when Mr. Jobs called for DRM for digital music to be abolished.B. This is a change of tack for Apple. It has come under fire from European regulators who claim that its refusal to license FairPlay to other firms has “locked in” customers. Since music from the iTunes store cannot be played on non-iPod music-players (at least not without a lot of fiddling), any iTunes buyer will be deterred from switching to a device made by a rival firm, such as Sony or Microsoft. When French lawmakers drafted a bill last year compelling Apple to open up FairPlay to rivals, the company warne d of “state-sponsored piracy”. Only DRM, it implied, could keep the pirates at bay.C. This week Mr. Jobs gave another explanation for his former defence of DRM: the record companies made him do it. They would make their music available to the iTunes store only if Apple agreed to protect it using DRM. They can still withdraw their catalogues if the DRM system is compromised. Apple cannot license FairPlay to others, says Mr Jobs, because it would depend on them to produce security fixes promptly. All DRM does is restrict consumer choice and provide a barrier to entry, says Mr Jobs; without it there would be far more stores and players, and far more innovation. So, he suggests, why not do away with DRM and sell music unprotected? “This is clearly the best alternative for consumers,” he declares, “and Apple would embrace it in a heartbeat.”D. Why the sudden change of heart? Mr Jobs seems chiefly concerned with getting Europe’s regulators off his back. Rather than complaining to Apple about its use of DRM, he suggests, “those unhappy with the current situation should redirect their energies towards persuading the music companies to sell their music DRM-free.” Two and a half of the four big record companies, he helpfully points out, are European-owned. Mr Jobs also hopes to paint himself as a consumer champion. Apple resents accusations that it has become the Microsoft of digital music.E. Apple can afford to embrace open competition in music players and online stores. Consumers would gravitate to the best player and the best store, and at the moment that still means Apple’s. Mr Jobs is evidently unfazed by rivals to the iPod. Since only 3% of the music in a typical iTunes library is protected, most of it can already be used on other players today, he notes. (And even the protected tracks can be burned onto a CD and then re-ripped.) So Apple’s dominance evidently depends far more on branding and ease of use than DRM-related “lock in”.F. The music giants are trying DRM-free downloads. Lots of smaller labels already sell music that way. Having seen which way the wind is blowing, Mr Jobs now wants to be seen not as DRM’s defender, but as a consumer champion who helped in its downfall. Wouldn’t it lead to a surge in piracy? No, because most music is still sold unprotected on CDs, people wishing to steal music already can do so. Indeed, scrapping DRM would probably increase online-music sales by reducing confusion and incompatibility. With the leading online store, Apple would benefit most. Mr Jobs’s argument, in short, is transparently self-serving. It also happens to be right.Notes to Reading Passage 11. low-key:抑制的，受约束的，屈服的2. showman:开展览会的人, 出风头的人物3. unassuming:谦逊的, 不夸耀的, 不装腔作势的4. iPod：(苹果公司出产的)音乐播放器5. iTunes store：(苹果公司出产的)在线音乐商店6. get off pe rson’s back:不再找某人的麻烦，摆脱某人的纠缠7. gravitate:受吸引，倾向于8. unfazed:不再担忧，不被打扰Questions 1-7Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?Write your answer in Boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.TRUE if the statement reflets the claims of the writerFALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossbile to say what the writer thinks about this1. Apple enjoys a controlling position in digital music market with its iPod music-player and iTunes music-store.2. DRM is a government decree issued with a purpose to protect downloaded music from theft by consumers.3. Lack of standardization in DRM makes songs bought for one kind of music player may not function on another.4. Apple has been criticized by European regulators since it has refused to grant a license FairPlay to other firms.5. All music can be easily played on non-iPod music devices from Sony or Microsoft without too much fiddling.6. Apple depends far more on DRM rather than branding for its dominance of the digital music devices.7. If DRM was cancelled, Sony would certainly dominate the international digital music market.Questions 8-10Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 8-10 on your answe sheet.8. Which of the following statements about Mr. Jobs’ idea of DRM is NOT TRUE?A. DRM places restrictions on consumer’ choice of digital music products available.B. DRM comples iTunes buyers to switch to a device made by Sony or Microsoft.C. DRM constitutes a barrier for potential consumers to enter digital music markets.D. DRM hinders development of more stores and players and technical innovation.9. The word “unfazed” in line 3 of paragraph E, means___________.A. refusedB. welcomedC. not botheredD. not well received10. Which of the following statements is TRUE if DRM was scapped?A. Sony would gain the most profit.B. More customers would be “locked in”.C. A sudden increase in piracy would occur.D. Online-music sales would probably decrease.Questions 11-14Complete the notes below.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.Mr. Steve Jobs, the boss of Apple, explains the reason why he used to defend DRM, saying that the company was forced to do so: the record companies would make their music accessible to …11...only if they agreed to protect it using DRM; they can still…12…if the DRM system is compromised. He also provides the reason why Apple did not license FairPlay to others: the company relies on them to …13….But now he changes his mind with a possible expectation that Europe’s regulators would not trouble him any more in the future. He proposes that those who are unsatisfactory with the current situation in digital music market should …14… towards persuade the music companies to sell their music DRM-free.正确答案：1. TRUESee the second sentence in Paragraph A “… the future of digital music, which Apple dominates with its iPod music-player and iTunesmusic-store.”2. FALSESee the third sentence in Paragraph A “…At issue is “digital rights management” (DRM)—the technology guarding downloaded music against theft.”3. TRUESee the fourth sentence in Parag raph A “Since there is no common standard for DRM, it also has the side-effect that songs purchased for one type of music-player may not work on another.”4. TRUESee the second sentence in Paragraph B “It has come under fire from European regulators who claim that its refusal to license FairPlay to other firms has “locked in” customers.”5. NOT GIVENThe third sentence in Paragaph B only mentions music from the iTunes store, nothing about that of Sony or Microsoft. “Since music from the iTunes store cannot be played on non-iPod music-players (at least not without a lot of fiddling).”6. FALSESee the last sentence in Paragraph E “So Apple’s dominance evidently depends far more on branding and ease of use than DRM-related “lock in”.7. NOT GIVENSee the fourth sentence in Paragraph F only mentions music generally, no particular information about business prospect of Sony “Indeed, scrapping DRM would probably increase online-music sales by reducing confusion and incompatibility.”8. BSee the fourth sentence of Paragraph C “All DRM does is restrict consumer choice and provide a barrier to entry, says Mr Jobs; without it there would be far more stores and players, and far more innovation.”9. CSee the third sentence of Paragraph E and the context “Mr Jobs is evidently unfazed by rivals to the iPod. Since only 3% of the music in a typical iTunes library is protected, most of it can already be used on other players today.”10. ASee the last four sentences of Paragraph F “Wouldn’t it l ead to a surge in piracy? No, because most music is still sold unprotected on CDs, people wishing to steal music already can do so. Indeed, scrapping DRM would probably increase online-music sales by reducing confusion and incompatibility. With the leading online store, Apple would benefit most.”11. the iTunes storeSee the second sentence of Paragraph C “They would make their music available to the iTunes store only if Apple agreed to protect it using DRM.”12. withdraw their cataloguesSee the third sentence of Paragraph C “They can still withdraw their catalogues if the DRM system is compromised.”13. produce security fixesSee the fourth sentence of Paragraph C “Apple cannot license FairPlay to others, says Mr Jobs, because it would depend on them to produce security fixes promptly.”14. redirect their energiesSee the second sentence of Paragraph D “Rather than complaining to Apple about its use of DRM, he suggests, “those unhappy with the current situation should redirect their energies towards persuading the music companies to sell their music DRM-free.”2.new weapon to fight cancer1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way to fight cancer, which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the common cold.2. If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.3. Leonard Seymour, a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University, who has been working on the virus therapy with colleagues in London and the US, will lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour’s pioneering techniques.4. One of the country’s leading geneticists, Prof Seymour has been working with viruses that kill cancer cells directly, while avoiding harm to healthy tissue. "In principle, you’ve got something which could be many times more effective than regular chemotherapy," he said.5. Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the body’s local immune system. "If a cancer doesn’t do that, the immune system wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses findthem a very good place to be because there’s no immune system to stop them replicating. You can regard it as the cancer’s Achilles’ heel."6. Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer. "They replicate, you get a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process," said Prof Seymour.7. Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drugs. "It’s an interesting possibility that they may have an advantage in killing drug-resistant tumours, which could be quite different to anything we’ve had before."8. Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. American scientists have previously injected viruses directly into tumours but this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread throughout the body.9. Prof Seymour’s innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body’s i mmune system, effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do - spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the body’s immune system destroying them on the way.10. "What we’ve done is make chemical modifications to the virus to puta polymer coat around it - it’s a stealth virus when you inject it," he said.11. After the stealth virus infects the tumour, it replicates, but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body’s immune system.12. The therapy would be especially useful for secondary cancers, called metastases, which sometimes spread around the body after the first tumour appears. "There’s an awful statistic of patients in the west ... with malignant cancers; 75% of them go on to die from metastases," said Prof Seymour.13. Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials: adenovirus, which normally causes a cold-like illness, and vaccinia, which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. Forsafety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.14. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed, eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses, before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.Questions 1-6Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 1-6 writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage1.Virus therapy, if successful, has an advantage in eliminatingside-effects.2.Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour’s work on the virus therapy.3.Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.4.Cancer’s Achilles’ heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in a tumor and replicate.5.To infect the cancer cells, a good deal of viruses should be injected into the tumor.6.Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to treat drug-resistant tumors.Question 7-9Based on the reading passage, choose the appropriate letter from A-D for each answer.rmation about researches on viruses killing tumor cells can be found(A) on TV(B) in magazines(C) on internet(D) in newspapers8.To treat tumors spreading out in body, researchers try to(A) change the body’ immune system(B) inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream.(C) increase the amount of injection(D) disguise the viruses on the way to tumors.9.When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates, the copies(A) will soon escape from the tumor and spread out.(B) will be wiped out by the body’s immune system.(C) will be immediately recognized by the researchers.(D) will eventually stop the tumor from spreading out.Questions 10-13Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.In the first clinical trials, scientists will try to ……10…… adenovirus and vaccinia, so both the viruses will be less pathogenic thanthe ……11…….These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the right ……12…… needed. The experiments will firstly be ……13……to the treatment of certain cancers正确答案：1.答案：FALSE (见第2段：If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects. Virus therapy 只能避免一些副作用，而不是根除。
2019-2020-剑桥雅思八雅思口语真题解析(Test 2)-范文模板 (2页)
2019-2020-剑桥雅思八雅思口语真题解析（Test 2）-范文模板本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==剑桥雅思八雅思口语真题解析（Test 2）Part 1 这个题目考的频率非常高。
今年也是一个重点题目。
同学们不要认为这题目在 C 8出现了就不会考了--------绝对还要考。
Which magazines and newspapers do you read ?What kind of articles are you most interested in ?Have you ever read a newspaper or a magazine in a foreign language ?你有没有看过外语报纸或杂志? 神马时候看的和为神马看的Do you think reading a newspaper or magazine in a foreign language is a good way to learn the language ?看外语杂志是否是学外语的一种好方法。
如是你为什么真么觉得，如不是又是为什么。
Part 2 这个题估计还会考但是频率会低。
Describe a restaurant that you enjoyed going to 描述一个你喜欢去的餐馆You should sayWhere the restaurant wasWhy you chose the restaurantWhat type of food you ate in the restaurant and explain why you enjoyed eating in this restaurantPart 3Discussion topics :。
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2019年8月雅思真题回忆及解析梦想在前方，努力在路上。
对于考生来说，拿到证书就是我们向往的远方。
无忧考网搜集整理了2019年8月雅思真题回忆及解析，希望对大家有所帮助。
2019年8月举行了5场考试，时间分别为8月1日、8月10日、8月17日、8月24日、8月31日。
以下内容仅供参考。
8月1日雅思口语真题回忆：Part 1考题总结考题总结基本题NamesDo you like your names?Does your name have any special meaning?What kinds of names are popular in China?Are there many Chinese people who have the same names as you?Is there any tradition about naming babies?HometownWhere’s your hometown?Do you like it?What do you like most about it?What don’t you like about it?Are there any tourist attractions?Do you like to live beside the seaside?Study or workDo you work or study?What’s your major?Do you like it? Do you find it interesting?What work do you do?What do you find most difficult with your job/studies?Do you think your job/subject is easy or difficult?What are you planning to do in the future?Is salary important for work?AccommodationDo you live in a house or flat?Which part of your house do you like most?What’s the difference between an apartment and a house? Which do you prefer? What facilities are there in your neighborhood?What’s your favorite place in your home?Do you live with your family?娱乐题TravellingDo you like travelling?What kind of cities do you like to travel to?What is the best place you have been to?When was your last trip?When was the last time you took a taxi?OutdoorDo you prefer to be indoors or outdoors?Did you like to go outside when you were young?Did you often go over to your friends' house when you were young?Is it important for children to play outdoors?PhotosDo you like to take photos?Do you prefer to take photos yourself or to have other people take photos? How often do you take photos?In what situations do you take photos?How do you keep your photos?Do you like to take photos with your cellphone or camera?MoviesDo you watch movies?How often do you watch movies?What kind of movies do you like?Do you prefer to go to a movie alone or with others?Do you prefer to watch movies at home or in a cinema?MusicDo you like to listen to music?What kinds of music do you like?Have you been to a concert or live performance?What are the differences between listening to live music and from recordings? What kinds of music are popular in China?Is music an important subject at school in China?Public holidaysWhat public holidays do you have in your country?Do people in your country celebrate foreign festivals?What do you usually do during public holidays?What did you do during the last public holiday?Do you think public holidays are important?Why do we need public holidays?How many public holidays do you have in China?Do you think people need more public holidays?How do you usually spend your holidays?Which holiday is your favorite?PaintingWhat do you know about painting?Have you learned drawing or painting?Is it important to hang pictures at home?What kind of paintings do you like?If someone wants to draw a picture of you, will you agree?HandwritingDo you often write with a pen?Is your handwriting easy to read for other people?Do you like to receive cards with hand-written words?Can we tell someone’s personality from his or her handwriting? What’s the difference of writing with a pen and typing on a computer?CookingHave you ever cooked?Do you like cooking?Do you want to learn how to cook?Is it difficult to cook Chinese food for you?HolidayWhat kinds of places do you like to go on holiday?Who would you like to go on holiday with?Where do you plan to go for holidays in the future?SportsDo you like to watch sports on TV?Do you play any sports?Do you have a favourite sport star?What kinds of sport are popular in China?环境题GarbageWhy do some people throw garbage on the street?What do you do with garbage when you are on the street?How do you feel when you see people throw garbage on the street?Do you think your city is clean or not?The area you live inDo you like the area that you live in?What are some changes in the area recently?Do you know any famous people in your area?Where do you like to go in that area?Crowded placeWhat places do you think are often crowded?When was the last time you were in a crowed place?How do you feel when you are in crowded places?WeatherDo you prefer dry or wet weather?What kind of weather do you like most?What’s your favourite season?What kind of weather is typical in your hometown?SkyHow often do you look at the sky?Do you prefer the sky in the morning or the sky at night?Can you see the moon and stars at night where you live?Is there a good place to look at the sky where you live?Do you like to watch the sky?Have you learned any courses about stars or planets?Where is a good place to watch stars?What is the sky like at night in your hometown?What's your favorite star?CitiesDo you like the city you are living now?Which city have you been to recently?Do you prefer the city or the countryside?What kind of cities do you like?Which city do you want to go to?Park/gardenAre public parks very important in China?Are there many public gardens in China?Do you think there are enough public gardens or parks in your hometown? What do you think are the benefits of having gardens in the city?Why do people who live in cities like public gardens?休闲题Social networkWhy do you use social networking apps?How often do you use social networking applications?Do you think it is good to make friends online?What are the disadvantage of social networking apps?MarketDo you often go to the supermarket?What do street markets sell?Are there many street markets in China?What are the differences between street markets and supermarkets?PerfumeDo you use perfume?What kind of perfume do you like?Do you buy others perfume as gifts?Why do you buy perfume?ReadingHow often do you read?Do you have many books at home?Do you read books related to your profession?What do you usually read?What is your favorite type of book?Do Chinese people like to read?Do Chinese people do enough reading?Morning routineWhat do you do in the mornings?Is breakfast important?What is your morning routine?Do you like to get up early in the morning?Will you change your daily routine in the near future?SleepingHow many hours are you asleep for everyday?Is it necessary to take a nap everyday?Do old people sleep a lot? Why?What time do you usually go to bed?Do you always have a good sleep?Do you take naps at noon?Do you like to read before bed?How have your sleeping habits changed since you were young?LettersDo you write many letters?Do you prefer to write letters by hand or to use a computer?What do you usually write about?Is it hard to think of what to write?E-mailHow often do you write an E-Mail?Who do you write to?What kind of E-Mail do you receive that makes you happy?Do you think it’s importantly to reply E-Mails quickly?Which one is better to use, SMS or email?人类题Visiting relativesDo you often visit your relatives?What do you do when visiting relatives?When was the last time you visited a relative?Why do people visit their relatives?TeacherWhat kinds of teachers do you like best?Who was your favorite teacher when you were young?Would you want to be a teacher in the future?Have you ever had bad teachers before?StarWho is your favorite movie star?Are international superstars popular in your country?Have you ever met a celebrity/ superstar in real life?Do you want to be a superstar?另类题Borrow or lend somethingHave you ever borrowed books from others?Have you ever borrowed money from others?Do you like to lend things to others?How do you feel when people don't return things they borrowed from you? Is borrowing money okay for you?SmileDo you like to smile?When do people smile at others?Do you smile when people take pictures of you?Can you recognize a fake smile?PlanDo you make plans every day?Are you good at managing your time?What is the latest plan you made?What is the hardest part about making plans?MathDo you think mathematics is important?Do you think it's difficult to learn math well?Are girls generally good at math?Do you often use a calculator?TransportationHow did you come here today?Why did you choose that form of transport?What form of transport do you usually use?Do you usually take the bus?Is it convenient to take a bus/taxi in your city?Is driving to work popular in your country?Drink waterHow often do you drink water?What kinds of water do you like to drink?Do you drink bottled water or water from machine?SharingDo you have anything to share with others recently?Did your presents teach you to share when you were a child? What kind of things do you like to share with others?What kind of things are not suitable for sharing?PatienceWere you patient when you were young?How do you feel when other people are not patient?Were you less or more patient when you were angry?PetAre there many people keeping pets in China?Have you ever had a pet when you were young?What pet will you keep if you want?Tea and coffeeDo Chinese people like to drink tea or coffee?Do you prepare tea or coffee for the guests at home?When was the last time you drank tea or coffee?SunglassesDo you like to wear sunglasses?Where can you buy sunglasses?Do people in your country wear sunglasses?ColorWhat’s your favourite color?Do you like dark colors?Are there any colors you dislike?Do you usually wear clothes in your favourite color?ShoesHow often do you buy shoes?Have you ever bought shoes online?Do you know anyone who likes to buy a lot of shoes?What’s your favourite type of shoes?Save moneyDid you save money when you were young?Have you ever given money to other children?Do you think parents should teach children to save money? Do parents give children pocket money in China?GiftsHow often do you buy other gifts?Why do people send gifts?Do you like to send expensive gifts?What kinds of gifts are popular in China?Part 2考题总结考题总结人类题1.A person who made you laugh happily when you were a child2.A person who helps others3.Someone who speaks a foreign language well4.A person who encouraged you to achieve a goal5.A person who has interesting ideas or opinions6.A foreign celebrity you want to meet in person7.Your favorite singer or band8.A person you have seen who is beautiful or handsome9.A person who helps to protect the environment10.An interesting person you would like to meet.11.A childhood friend of yours.12.A teenager you know.13.Someone who is talkative.14.An interesting animal.15.A popular comic actor/actress in your country.地点题16.A park/garden you like visiting17.A beautiful city18.A newly built public facility (such as parks, cinemas etc.) That influences your city19.An indoor or outdoor place where it was easy for you to study20.A place you plan to travel to that is far away from your home21.An interesting part of your country.22.A building you like.23.A quiet place you found.物件题24.Something special you took home from a tourist attraction25.A prize you want to win26.A piece of clothing you like wearing27.A historical building you have been to28.An advertisement you remember well29.A present you received which was made by hand30.Something lost by others but found by you31.An item you bought but do not often use32.Something given to you that you really need33.Something you made that you gave to other people34.A film or TV program that made you laugh35.The last book you read.36.A skill that took you a long time to learn.37.Something important that you lost in the past.38.Something you own that you want to replace.39.A favourite song of yours.经验体验题40.A time a child made you laugh41.An occasion when you invite your family or friends to dinner42.Something you do to stay healthy43.A success you friend has achieved44.An occasion when you got incorrect information45.A practical skill you learned46.An unusual experience of travelling47.An experience that you went out with your friends and had a good time48.A time you borrowed something from your friends or family49.An occasion when you got up early50.A time that you give advice to others51.An experience that the vehicle you took broke down in your travel52.An experience that you received a call from someone you do not know in the public place53.A success your friend has achieved.54.A piece of good news you heard(from TV or the Internet)55.An occasion when you were scared.56.An activity you would do when you are alone in your free time.57.A time that you looked for information from the Internet.58.A time you solved a problem through the internet59.A party that you joined.60.An interesting talk or lecture.61.An occasion when you helped a person.62.A time when you had some medicine.63.A complaint that you made and you were satisfied with the result.64.A game that you played in your childhood.65.A happy experience you had before.66.Something that can help you concentrate.67.Something interesting that your friend has done but you haven’t done.68.A trip that you went on by public transportation.69.A time that you had to change your plan/you changed your mind.文娱类70.A family business you know71.A historical period you would like to know72.A sport that you have watched (on TV) before and you want to try73.A water sport you would like to try in the future74.A language you want to learn (not English)75.A time that a piece of equipment of yours was broken (such as TV).76.A competition you want to take part in.77.A good law in your country.78.A party that you joined.79.A website you like to visit.本次考试考题精选范例解析Do you think it is good to make friends online?Analysis: 上网交朋友的有利原因可以从便利性出发，可以阐明上网交友的优点或描述一些细节，或者可以再加自己的感受就可以了；另外需注意用一般现在式。