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中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
COMMON MISTAKES IN PAPERS AND DOCTOR DISSERTATIONS
---胡壮麒院士报告
时间：2005.03.10 上午10:00
地点：金属所研究生大厦109室
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
(A) Units
Kg—kg, KPa—kPa, Mpa—MPa KW—kW, Kev—keV, KHz—kHz KJ/mol—kJ/mol, um—µm, µ(µs, µg,---) oK—K, oC, oF, k/cm—K/cm 说明：1.横杠(—)后面与括号中的内容是正 确 的（除特殊标注外） 2.灰兰色是正确的，红色是错误的。
philips lab.---Philips Lab. K. c. Turkdogan---K. C. Turkdogan Mcmillan---McMillan, Mcdonald---McDonald Fig. 3. Analysis of impurities containing in ferrite Table 4 Comparison of sintered permanent magnets
(C) Subscript (下标)
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所 Fe2B—Fe2B Ni3Al---Ni3Al Nd2(Fe,Co)14B---Nd2(Fe,Co)14B H3PO4---H3PO4 PO2---PO2
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
(D)Capital and small letters
E P T G M k h da d c m µ n p f a
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
1 dyn/cm2 = 0.1 Pa 1 bar = 105 Pa 1 kgf/m2 = 9.80665 Pa 1 kgf/cm2 = 0.0980665 Pa 1 kgf/mm2 = 9.80665 Pa 1 psi = 6894.76 Pa=6.89476kPa 1 ksi = 6894.76 kPa=6.89476MPa 1 mm Hg =133.322 Pa 1 torr = 133.322 Pa 1 atm = 101325 Pa 3 X 10-3 MPa = 3kPa
(F)Particular words
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所 velocity(rate) of weight loss at different heating speeds(rates) perpendicular(orthogonal) design phase curve(diagram) of W-O system different(differential) thermal analyser crack development—crack growth
(G) Articles
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
an(a) university a(an) almost unique experience a(an) X-ray diffractometer a(an) obstacle an(a) uniform pressure a(an) experiment an(a) uniaxial pressure a(an) ultrasonic bath
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
1018 1015 1012 109 106 103 102 101 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12 10-15 10-18
exa peta tera giga mega kilo hecto deca deci centi milli micro nano pico femto atto
[ ] -------, Acta Metal. [ ] -------, Scr. Metal. Mater.
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
[ ] Coles B., Mixed Conduction and defect structure of ZrO2-CeO2-Y2O3 solid Solution, J.Electrochem. Soc., 1984, 131,2407
northeastern university--Northeastern University
(E) Singular and plural numbers
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所 X-rays diffraction---X-ray diffraction a three-stages pattern---a three-stage pattern two-phases magnet---two-phase magnet two kind of blades---two kinds of blades a three-point bending test Following words cannot be used in flural number: advice, information, work, knowledge, progress, machinery, etc. Following words cannot be used in singular number: people, scissors, spectacles, etc.
பைடு நூலகம்
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
* Phase analysis illustrate(illustrates)a good crystalline structure belong(belonging) on(to) ZnO Phase. * According to the results will be listed(listed) latter (later) in the section 3.2, the difference reflect(reflects the influence on particle size. * It cause(causes) Zn vapor molecules to loss (lose) sufficient energy. * It also can been determined(can determine) the beast (best) combination of experiments. * The turbulent viscosity will be calculation(calculated) by this new model. 实验过程描述用一般过去式，结果分析（对结果的描述）用 一般现在式。
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
* Fig. 1 Curve of the reaction losed(lost) in weight (Curve of weight loss during the reaction) * Over amount of Ti content will prevents(prevent) Fe2B formation. * Prof. Wang synthesis(synthesized) the desilication reagent. * It makes the reaction to go faster. (It makes the reaction go faster. * The solvent influence(influenced) the process. * The thesis is consists(consisted) of 6 chapters. * The thermal decompose(decomposition) temperature of basic zinc carbonate should be controled(controlled) to be higher then(than) 360 K to get nanometer ZnO. * Owing to(Because) surfaces of chemically produced particles tend to adsorb the oxygen, it form(forms) oxide on the surfaces quickly.
[ ] Paul Hagenmuller, Solid Electrolytes, Academic press, 1978 [ ] Proc. 1st international symposium on molten salts chemistry
** Same reference is repeatedly found in a thesis with different reference number.
(H) Verb
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
* The powders were grinded(ground) in a ball mill. * The liquid metal was casted(cast) into a mold. * The as-casted(as-cast) structure is dendritic. * There are many twined(twinned) crystals. * A sheet of corrosion-resistant superalloy was cladded(claded)on the blade. * A kind of clading(cladding) material was applied on vanes. * The liquid metal was treated by electromagnetic stiring(stirring). * In the process of sol-gel method, some factors including solution concentration, agitation intensity, PH(pH) value and droping(dropping) rate was(were) studied. * It show(shows) that (the) nernst(Nernst) equation is obeied(obeyed).
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
two thousands people---two thousand people The news is good. Prof. Zhang as well as Prof. Li is coming. All is lost. I read it in one and a half hours. The number of students is increasing. A number of students are absent today. There are many phases in the interdendritic region. hydrogen’s charging---hydrogen charging specimen’s thickness---specimen thickness rod’s center---rod center Prof. Wan’s result density’s difference—density difference 有生命体加所有格；无生命的不加‘s
(B) References
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
[46] Capehart T. W. J. Appl. Phys., 73(10):6476 [48] J. Yang, J. Applied physics, 1994, 73:3658 [79] Yang J., Materials letters, -----[86] E. f. Kneller, Mater. Lett., -----[ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] -------, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions -------, Metall. Mater. Tran. -------, Metall. Mater. Trans. -------, Metall. Mater. Transactions -------, Met. Mater. Trans.
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
Dustin-kurz---Dustin-Kurz
J. mater. sci. technol.
---J. Mater. Sci. Technol.
National natural science foundation
---National Natural Science Foundation
COMMON MISTAKES IN PAPERS AND DOCTOR DISSERTATIONS
---胡壮麒院士报告
时间：2005.03.10 上午10:00
地点：金属所研究生大厦109室
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
(A) Units
Kg—kg, KPa—kPa, Mpa—MPa KW—kW, Kev—keV, KHz—kHz KJ/mol—kJ/mol, um—µm, µ(µs, µg,---) oK—K, oC, oF, k/cm—K/cm 说明：1.横杠(—)后面与括号中的内容是正 确 的（除特殊标注外） 2.灰兰色是正确的，红色是错误的。
philips lab.---Philips Lab. K. c. Turkdogan---K. C. Turkdogan Mcmillan---McMillan, Mcdonald---McDonald Fig. 3. Analysis of impurities containing in ferrite Table 4 Comparison of sintered permanent magnets
(C) Subscript (下标)
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所 Fe2B—Fe2B Ni3Al---Ni3Al Nd2(Fe,Co)14B---Nd2(Fe,Co)14B H3PO4---H3PO4 PO2---PO2
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
(D)Capital and small letters
E P T G M k h da d c m µ n p f a
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
1 dyn/cm2 = 0.1 Pa 1 bar = 105 Pa 1 kgf/m2 = 9.80665 Pa 1 kgf/cm2 = 0.0980665 Pa 1 kgf/mm2 = 9.80665 Pa 1 psi = 6894.76 Pa=6.89476kPa 1 ksi = 6894.76 kPa=6.89476MPa 1 mm Hg =133.322 Pa 1 torr = 133.322 Pa 1 atm = 101325 Pa 3 X 10-3 MPa = 3kPa
(F)Particular words
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所 velocity(rate) of weight loss at different heating speeds(rates) perpendicular(orthogonal) design phase curve(diagram) of W-O system different(differential) thermal analyser crack development—crack growth
(G) Articles
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
an(a) university a(an) almost unique experience a(an) X-ray diffractometer a(an) obstacle an(a) uniform pressure a(an) experiment an(a) uniaxial pressure a(an) ultrasonic bath
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
1018 1015 1012 109 106 103 102 101 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12 10-15 10-18
exa peta tera giga mega kilo hecto deca deci centi milli micro nano pico femto atto
[ ] -------, Acta Metal. [ ] -------, Scr. Metal. Mater.
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
[ ] Coles B., Mixed Conduction and defect structure of ZrO2-CeO2-Y2O3 solid Solution, J.Electrochem. Soc., 1984, 131,2407
northeastern university--Northeastern University
(E) Singular and plural numbers
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所 X-rays diffraction---X-ray diffraction a three-stages pattern---a three-stage pattern two-phases magnet---two-phase magnet two kind of blades---two kinds of blades a three-point bending test Following words cannot be used in flural number: advice, information, work, knowledge, progress, machinery, etc. Following words cannot be used in singular number: people, scissors, spectacles, etc.
பைடு நூலகம்
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
* Phase analysis illustrate(illustrates)a good crystalline structure belong(belonging) on(to) ZnO Phase. * According to the results will be listed(listed) latter (later) in the section 3.2, the difference reflect(reflects the influence on particle size. * It cause(causes) Zn vapor molecules to loss (lose) sufficient energy. * It also can been determined(can determine) the beast (best) combination of experiments. * The turbulent viscosity will be calculation(calculated) by this new model. 实验过程描述用一般过去式，结果分析（对结果的描述）用 一般现在式。
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
* Fig. 1 Curve of the reaction losed(lost) in weight (Curve of weight loss during the reaction) * Over amount of Ti content will prevents(prevent) Fe2B formation. * Prof. Wang synthesis(synthesized) the desilication reagent. * It makes the reaction to go faster. (It makes the reaction go faster. * The solvent influence(influenced) the process. * The thesis is consists(consisted) of 6 chapters. * The thermal decompose(decomposition) temperature of basic zinc carbonate should be controled(controlled) to be higher then(than) 360 K to get nanometer ZnO. * Owing to(Because) surfaces of chemically produced particles tend to adsorb the oxygen, it form(forms) oxide on the surfaces quickly.
[ ] Paul Hagenmuller, Solid Electrolytes, Academic press, 1978 [ ] Proc. 1st international symposium on molten salts chemistry
** Same reference is repeatedly found in a thesis with different reference number.
(H) Verb
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
* The powders were grinded(ground) in a ball mill. * The liquid metal was casted(cast) into a mold. * The as-casted(as-cast) structure is dendritic. * There are many twined(twinned) crystals. * A sheet of corrosion-resistant superalloy was cladded(claded)on the blade. * A kind of clading(cladding) material was applied on vanes. * The liquid metal was treated by electromagnetic stiring(stirring). * In the process of sol-gel method, some factors including solution concentration, agitation intensity, PH(pH) value and droping(dropping) rate was(were) studied. * It show(shows) that (the) nernst(Nernst) equation is obeied(obeyed).
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
two thousands people---two thousand people The news is good. Prof. Zhang as well as Prof. Li is coming. All is lost. I read it in one and a half hours. The number of students is increasing. A number of students are absent today. There are many phases in the interdendritic region. hydrogen’s charging---hydrogen charging specimen’s thickness---specimen thickness rod’s center---rod center Prof. Wan’s result density’s difference—density difference 有生命体加所有格；无生命的不加‘s
(B) References
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
[46] Capehart T. W. J. Appl. Phys., 73(10):6476 [48] J. Yang, J. Applied physics, 1994, 73:3658 [79] Yang J., Materials letters, -----[86] E. f. Kneller, Mater. Lett., -----[ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] -------, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions -------, Metall. Mater. Tran. -------, Metall. Mater. Trans. -------, Metall. Mater. Transactions -------, Met. Mater. Trans.
中国 科学 院金 属研 究所
Dustin-kurz---Dustin-Kurz
J. mater. sci. technol.
---J. Mater. Sci. Technol.
National natural science foundation
---National Natural Science Foundation