人教版小学四年级英语上册期末试题(含答案)

一、听录音,找出你所听到的单词,将序号填在前面的括号内。

(5分)( )1. A. bedroom B. living room c. kitchen D. study( )2. A. phone B. bed C. bathroom D. table( )3. A. sofa B. fridge C. desk D. chair( )4. A. board B. wall C. shelf D. fan( ) 5. A. Make the bed B. Sit on the sofa C. Set the table D. Watch TV二、选出与你所听到的单词同类的一个选项。

(5分)( )1. A. rice B. chair C. bed ( )2. A. window B. study C. pen( )3. A. music B. egg C. milk ( )4. A. notebook B. wall C. father( )5. A. bus B. drive C. chair三、听录音,根据录音内容排序。

(10分)()Go to the living room. Watch TV. ()Is she in the study? No, she isn’t.()I have a new pen. It’s very nice.()Are they on the table? Yes, they are.()I’m in the bedroom.四、听录音,把左右两边的对话连接起来。

(10分)A B1.Is this your bedroom? A. Read a book.2.Are they near the phone? B. Yes, it is.3.Go to the study. C. You can see a bedroom and a study.4.This is my home. D. Take a shower.5.Go to the bathroom. E. No, they aren’t.Ⅱ笔试部分(70分)一、写出相应的字母。

(10分)1、写出所缺的大写或者小写字母。

(1)____ b (2)_____ u (3) Y _____ (4) K_______ (5) X_________2、写出左右相邻所缺的字母。

(1) Cc______ Ee (2)______Ll_______ (3)_______Qq_________二、请按正确拼写重组单词。

(10分)byo gril firend rluer p encil-csae三、完成单词并将单词与相应的图片连线。

(10分)1.te__cher2.b__d3.brea____4.doo___5.ch___cken门鸡肉教师床面包四、将下列单词归类。

(10分)beef , fish ,book ,kitchen, mother, sister, living room , bag , rice , study1.family member(家庭成员):_______ ________2.food (食品): ________ _________ __________3.school things (学习用品): ______ _______4.room(房间):_______ ________五、将问句和相应的合句用直线连起来。

(5分)1.What’s your father? A. Sure, here you are.2.How many books do you have? B. Yes, she is.3.May I have a look? C. I have 3.4.What would you like? D. He is a doctor.5.Is she in the study? E. I’d like some beef.六、选出正确的英文释义。

(5分)()1、你叔叔是做什么的? A. What’s your uncle? B. Who’s your uncle?()2、你想要什么? A. What do you like? B. What would you like?()3、晚饭吃什么? A. What’s for dinner? B. What’s dinner?()4、我的笔记本在哪里? A. Where is my Chinese book? B. Where is my notebook?()5、这位司机在书房里。

A. The driver is in the study. B. The teacher is in the kitchen.七、连词组句。

(10分)1. your, What’s , father?__________________________________2.classroom? , in, the, What’s__________________________________3.would, like? , you, What___________________________________4.study? , Are, in, the, they___________________________________5. books, many, How, you , do, have?________________________________________八、阅读短文,判断下列句子的正误,在括号内打“√”或“×”。

(5分)I’m Tom. I’m eleven years old. I live near the school. I go to school every day. In my family there are three people. My mother, my father and I. My father is a bus driver. He is friendly(友好).He has a lot of friends. My mother is a teacher. She works at my school. She does housework every day. I love them.( )1.Tom is ten years old.( )2.There are three people in his family.( )3.His father is a teacher.( )4.Tom does housework every day.( )5.Tom’s father has a lot of friends.九、阅读短文,选出最佳答案。

(5分)This is Jim’s bedroom. It’s new and nice. A bed and a chair are in it. A desk is on the floor. Some flowers are on it .A bookshelf is behind the bed. Some English books are on the shelf. A picture is on the wall. Some people are in the picture. The man is his father. The woman is his mother. Who is the boy? Do you know?( )1.Whose room is it ? A. Jim’s room. B. Father’s room. C. Mother’s room.( )2.Where are the flowers? A. On the floor. B. In the desk. C. On the desk.( )3.What’s on the shelf? A. Some Chinese books. B. Some math books.C. Some English books.( )4.Who is the woman? A. Jim. B. Jim’s mother. C. Jim aunt.( )5.Who is the boy? It’s _____ . A. Jim B. Mike. C. David.期末测试题答案Ⅰ听力部分一、1.B.living room 2.C.bathroom 3.B.fridge 4.D.fan 5.C.Set the table二、1.chicken(A) 2.bathroom (B) 3.sience(A) 4.Chinesebook(A) 5.desk (C)三、1.I have a new pen. It’s very nice. 2.Is she in the study? No, she isn’t.3.Are they on the table? Yes, they are.4.Go to the living room. Watch TV.5.I’m in the bedroom.(42135)四、1.b 2.e 3.a 4.c 5.dⅡ笔试部分一、1.B, U, y, k, x 2.Dd, Kk, Mm, Pp, Rr二、boy, girl, friend, ruler, pencil-case三、1.teacher,c 2.bed,d 3.bread,e 4.door,a 5.chicken,b四、1.mother,sister 2.beef.fish.rice 3.book,bag 4.kitchen,living room. study五、1.D 2.C 3.A 4.E 5.B六、1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A七、1.What’s your father? 2.What’s in the classroom?3.What would you like?4.Are they in the study?5.How many books do you have?八、×√××√九、ACCBA。

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期末测试卷(试题)-2024-2025学年人教精通版英语四年级上册(含答案,含听力原文,无音频)

期末测试卷(试题)-2024-2025学年人教精通版英语四年级上册(含答案,含听力原文,无音频)

期末测试卷时间:60分钟满分:100分听力部分笔试部分总分题号一二三一二三四五六七八九得分听力部分(30分)一、听录音,选择你所听到的单词。

(10分)( )1. A.30 B.40 C.50( )2. A. boy B. girl C. man( )3. A. home B. room C. school( )4. A. door B. bed C. desk( )5. A. beef B. fish C. bread二、听录音,判断图片与所听内容是(T)否(F)相符。

(10分)三、听录音,选择正确的答语。

(10分)( )1. A. Miss Green is. B. Yes, she is. C. She's a teacher.( )2. A. Yes, it is. B. Two pencils. C. It's a bag.( )3. A. It's my ruler. B. I have 2. C. It's blue.( )4. A. Yes, I do. B. I'd like some beef. C. Yes,I can.( )5. A. It's near the door. B. Yes, it is. C. I can 12.笔试部分(70 分)一、看图片写单词。

(6分)二、按要求完成下列各题。

(10分)1. they are(缩写形式)2. I(宾格)3. let us(缩写形式)4. shoes(单数形式)5. too(同音词)6. eye(同音词)7. boy(复数) 8. potato(复数)9. hot(反义词) 10. seven(后一个数字)三、单项选择。

(6分)( )1. It's today.A. windB. sunC. snowy( )2. I likeA. potatoB. potatosC. potatoes( )3. What's this English?A. inB. onC. of( )4. Let's go and Miss Liu.A. lookB. watchC. see( )5. An elephant has a nose.A. thinB. tallC. long( )6. My mother is a .A. nurseB. farmC. policeman四、给句子选择正确的答语。

人教版(PEP)小学英语四年级上册期末测试卷 (含答案)

人教版(PEP)小学英语四年级上册期末测试卷  (含答案)

四年级上期末检测试题一.选出下列每组单词中不同类的一项。

()1. A.teacher B. family C.farmer ()2. A.study B.kitchen C.desk ()3. A.beef B.bowl C.spoon ()4. A.fan B.floor C.friend ()5. A.story book B.Chinese book C.candy 二.读句子或对话,选择相应的图片。

A. B. C.D E.()1.—Where is the cat ?—It’s on the chair.()2.Let’s clean the classroom.()3.—What colour are your shoes ?—They’re blue.()4.I’d like some noodles and vegetables.()5.My aunt is a nurse. She is friendly.三.单项选择()1.--_______ your aunt’s job ?--She is a cook.A.WhatB.What’sC.Who’s()2.This is the ______ .A.teachers deskB.teachers’ deskC.teacher’s desk()3.____ clean the classroom.A.LetB.Let’sC.let’s()4.Amy has long hair and ____ schoolbag is brown.A.myB.hisC.her()5.I can _____ chopsticks.ingees()6.--How many people are there in your family?--______A.I can see three .B.I have four.C.Five.()7.Look at the picture. Is this your father?--_____A.Yes, it is.B.Yes, he is .C.Yes, they are.()8.--I lost my Chinese book.--Look!______A.Thank you !B.Here it is .C.It’s nice.()9.What ____ you like for dinner ?A.isB.areC.would()10.My sister works on a farm. She is a ____.A.driverB.farmerC.doctor四.读句子选择正确的图片。

【精品】人教版小学英语四年级上册期末考卷含参考答案

【精品】人教版小学英语四年级上册期末考卷含参考答案

【精品】人教版小学英语四年级上册期末考卷(考试时间:90分钟,满分:100分)一、听力理解(共10题,每题2分,总分20分)1. 听录音,选择正确的图片。

2. 听录音,选择正确的单词。

3. 听录音,选择正确的句子。

4. 听录音,判断对错。

5. 听录音,选择正确的答案。

6. 听录音,填空。

7. 听录音,回答问题。

8. 听录音,选择正确的图片。

9. 听录音,选择正确的单词。

10. 听录音,选择正确的句子。

二、词汇选择(共10题,每题2分,总分20分)1. A. good B. bad C. happy D. sad2. A. apple B. banana C. orange D. pear3. A. cat B. dog C. elephant D. tiger4. A. read B. write C. play D. draw5. A. one B. two C. three D. four6. A. red B. blue C. green D. yellow7. A. morning B. afternoon C. evening D. night8. A. hot B. cold C. warm D. cool9. A. happy B. sad C. angry D. tired10. A. big B. small C. tall D. short三、语法填空(共10题,每题2分,总分20分)1. I have a ___________.2. She is ___________.3. They are ___________.4. This is a ___________.5. That is a ___________.6. It is ___________.7. We are ___________.8. You are ___________.9. He is ___________.10. She is ___________.四、阅读理解(共5题,每题4分,总分20分)阅读下面的短文,然后回答问题。

人教版小学四年级英语上册期末试题含答案

人教版小学四年级英语上册期末试题含答案

人教版小学四年级英语上册期末试题(含答案)Ⅰ听力部分(30分)一、听录音,找出你所听到的单词,将序号填在前面的括号内。

(5分)( )1. A. bedroom B. living room c. kitchen D. study( )2. A. phone B. bed C. bathroom D. table( )3. A. sofa B. fridge C. desk D. chair( )4. A. board B. wall C. shelf D. fan( ) 5. A. Make the bed B. Sit on the sofaC. Set the tableD. Watch TV二、选出及你所听到的单词同类的一个选项。

(5分)( )1. A. rice B. chair C. bed( )2. A. window B. study C. pen( )3. A. music B. egg C. milk( )4. A. notebook B. wall C. father( )5. A. bus B. drive C. chair三、听录音,根据录音内容排序。

(10分)()Go to the living room. Watch TV.()Is she in the study? No, she isn’t.()I have a new pen. It’s very nice.()Are they on the table? Yes, they are.()I’m in the bedroom.四、听录音,把左右两边的对话连接起来。

( 10分)AB1.Is this yourbedroom? A. Read a book.2.Are they near thephone? B. Yes, it is.3.Go to thestudy.C. You can see a bedroom and a study.4.This is myhome.D. Take a shower.5.Go to thebathroom.E. No, they aren’t.Ⅱ笔试部分(70分)一、写出相应的字母。

人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期四年级英语期末测试卷及答案(含两套题)精选全文

人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期四年级英语期末测试卷及答案(含两套题)精选全文

…○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○…………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………… 学校:______________姓名:_____________班级:_______________考号:______________________可编辑修改精选全文完整版人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期期末测试卷四年级 英语本试卷总分100分,考试时间40分钟。

题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 总分 得分听力部分一、听录音,选出与你所听单词相符的图片。

(2分×5=10分)( ) 1. A. B. C.( ) 2. A.B .C.( ) 3. A. B. C.( ) 4. A. B. C.( ) 5. A.B.C.二、听录音,选出你所听句子中含有的单词。

(2分×5=10分) ( ) 1. I have a good friend. He is tall and ________.A. strongB. thinC. quiet( ) 2. My friend has blue ________. A. glassesB. glassC. class( ) 3.—What’s in your desk?—Many keys and a ________.A. keyB. maths bookC. notebook( ) 4. My ________ is a doctor. A. auntB. uncleC. cousin( ) 5.—Where is the picture?—It’s on the ________.A. windowB. doorC. light三、听录音,选出与你所听句子相符的图片。

人教版四年级上册英语期末试卷及答案

人教版四年级上册英语期末试卷及答案

人教版四年级上册英语期末试卷及答案一、听力部分(30分)第一部分:听音标号。

(每小题1分,共5分)1. A. apple B. cat C. pig D. cup2. A. book B. desk C. ball D. bag3. A. horse B. duck C. cow D. dog4. A. orange B. pear C. banana D. strawberry5. A. car B. bike C. bus D. train第二部分:听音选择正确的选项。

(每小题1分,共5分)6.My father is a _______. (A. doctor B. teacher)7.I like ________. (A. swimming B. singing)8._______ do you go to school? (A. How B. What)9.What’s your _______? (A. name B. age)10.I have ________ books. (A. two B. four)第三部分:听音画圈。

(每小题1分,共5分)11.A piano B. a cake C. a dress12.A. red B. read C. rice13.A. park B. party C. pear14.A. door B. doll C. desk15.A. bike B. boy C. bird第四部分:听音排序。

(每小题2分,共10分)16.B. first C. second A. third17.C. first B. second A. third18.C. first A. second B. third19.A. first C. second B. third20.A. first B. second C. third第五部分:听音根据问题选择正确的答案。

2023-2024学年全国小学四年级上英语人教版期末考试试卷(含答案解析)

20232024学年全国小学四年级上英语人教版期末考试试卷一、听力部分(20分)1. 听录音,选出你听到的单词。

(5分)(1)A. cat B. dog C. bird(2)A. book B. pen C. pencil(3)A. red B. blue C. green(4)A. big B. small C. tall(5)A. happy B. sad C. tired2. 听录音,选出你听到的句子。

(5分)(1)A. How are you? B. How old are you? C. What's your name?(2)A. I'm seven. B. I'm eight. C. I'm nine.(3)A. My name is Tom. B. My name is Mary. C. My name is John.(4)A. I like apples. B. I like bananas. C. I like oranges.(5)A. He is my father. B. She is my mother. C. They are my friends.3. 听录音,判断正误。

(5分)(1)It's a sunny day. ()(2)The girl is wearing a red dress. ()(3)The boy has a black cat. ()(4)They are playing football. ()(5)She is reading a book. ()4. 听录音,填空。

(5分)(1)I have a _______.(2)She is _______ years old.(3)The book is _______.(4)He is my _______.(5)They are _______.二、阅读理解(30分)1. 阅读短文,选择正确答案。

人教版四年级上册期末英语试卷(附答案)(2023新版)

人教版四年级上册期末英语试卷(附答案)(2023新版)一、听力部分一、听音选出你所听到的单词。

(5分)1. A. cup B. cat C. car2. A. book B. cook C. took3. A. bus B. bug C. bud4. A. desk B. disk C. dusk5. A. egg B. eye C. ear二、听音,选出合适的应答句。

(5分)1. A. I'm fine, thank you. B. My name is Alice.2. A. Yes, she is my teacher. B. He is my friend.3. A. I am eight years old. B. I have a pencil.4. A. It's green and white. B. Yes, it is.5. A. I have a cat. B. I like dogs.三、根据所听到的内容,判断下列图画与听到的内容是否相符,相符的在题号前的括号内打“√”,不相符的打“×”。

(5分)( ) 1. A. B. C.( ) 2. A. B. C.( ) 3. A. B. C.( ) 4. A. B. C.( ) 5. A. B. C.二、笔试部分一、写出下列字母的左邻右舍。

(10分)1) A:______B_____ 2) C:______D_____ 3)E:______F______G_____ 4) H:______I_____J_____ 5)K:______L_____二、选择正确的答案。

(20分)( ) 1. Touch your ( head nose eyes ).( ) 2. —How are you? —I'm ( twelve ).A. fineB. notC. eleven( ) 3. —What's this/that? —It's ( an and ) apple.( ) 4. I have ( a an ) English book and ( a an ) Chinese book.( ) 5. —______ your English teacher? —Miss Li.A. WhoB. What'sC. Who's( ) 6. —______ is it? —It's a pencil.A. WhatB. WhoC. How( ) 7. The ( boy girl ) is Tom's friend.( ) 8. I am ( a an ) student.( ) 9. —______ these your bags? —Yes, they ______.A. Are, areB. Are, aren'tC. Is, are( ) 10. —What's the time? —It's ( tree three ).三、将下列单词排成一句话。

人教版四年级上学期英语期末考试试题(含答案)

四年级上学期英语期末考试试题(满分100分时间60分钟)听力部分一、Listen and choose.(听录音,选择录音中所包含的单词,将标号写入题前括号中。

)()1. A. light B. computer C. really()2. A. cook B. classroom C. cousin()3. A. family B. fan C. friendly()4. A. help B. her C. hair()5. A. little B. living room C.lost()6. A. pass B. maths C. parents()7. A. beef B. bowl C. knife()8. A. toy B. teacher C. table()9. A. dinner B. nurse C. doctor()10. A. phone B. people C. picture二、Listen and judge.(听录音,判断听到的内容与图片是否相符,相符打“√”,不相符打“×”。

)()()()()()三、Listen and choose.(听录音,选出你所听到的句子,将标号写入题前括号中。

)()1. A. What would you like? B. Would you like some juice?()2.A. Let’s go and see. B. Let me help you.()3.A. Where is it? B. Who is he?()4.A. I’d like some fish. B. I like fish.()5.A. He is short and thin. B. She is friendly.四、Listen and tick.(听录音,在表格中相应的位置打“√”。

)五、Listen and circle and write.(听录音,圈出正确的字母或字母组合,将对应的单词写在四线三格上。

2024年人教版小学四年级上学期期末英语试题与参考答案

2024年人教版英语小学四年级上学期期末复习试题与参考答案一、听力部分(本大题有12小题,每小题2分,共24分)1、What is the weather like today?A. It’s sunny.B. It’s rainy.C. It’s cloudy.Answer: CExplanation: The question asks about the weather today. The answer ‘C. It’s cloudy’ indicates that the weather is overcast.2、Who is speaking on the phone?A. Li Ming.B. Wang Mei.C. Zhang San.Answer: BExplanation: The question inquires about the identity of the person speaking on the phone. The answer ‘B. Wang Mei’ indicates that it i s Wang Mei speaking.3、Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer. (听对话,选择最佳答案。

)3、(A) He can sing very well.(B) He can play the piano very well.(C) He can play the violin very well.Answer: (B) He can play the piano very well.解析:This question tests the ability to understand a short dialogue and identify specific information. In the dialogue, the speaker mentions that the boy can play the piano very well.4、(A) swimming, playing the piano(B) swimming, playing the piano, singing and dancing(C) playing the piano, singing and dancingAnswer: (B) swimming, playing the piano, singing and dancing解析:This question also focuses on comprehension of a dialogue. The dialogue mentions that the boy is good at swimming, playing the piano, singing, and dancing. Therefore, the correct option includes all these activities.5、Listen to the conversation between a teacher and a student and answer the question.Teacher: What did you do over the weekend, Jane?Jane: I went to the library to read some interesting books, and then I visited my grandmother. What about you?Teacher:A) I spent the weekend reading books.B) I visited my grandpa in the country.C) I went fishing with my friends.D) I went to the library and saw a movie.Answer: BExplanation: The teacher is asking Jane about her weekend activities, and she mentions visiting her grandmother. The teacher’s response should be related to Jane’s answer, so the correct option is about visiting a grandparent, which is B) I visited my grandpa in the country.6、Listen to the directions and choose the correct one.Teacher: Now, listen to these directions and select the one you think is the easiest to follow.A)Find the red book on the table and take it to the classroom library.B)Go to the second floor, turn left, and then go straight to the science lab.C)Stand in front of the blackboard, and circle the smallest number you can see.D)Sit in the last row, on the third seat from the window, facing the classroom door.Teacher’s voice: To complete your next task, you need to move to the English corner of the classroom.A)AB)BC)CD)DAnswer: DExplanation: The teacher’s instruction is to move to the English corner, which is a specific location in the classroom. The only option that directly references that instruction is D) Sit inthe last row, on the third seat from the window, facing the classroom door. The other options either refer to different tasks or are too general to be directly tied to the instruction given.7、What is Mike doing?A) Dancing.B) Singing.C) Playing the piano.答案:A) Dancing.解析:Listen to the sentence: “Mike is dancing.” Therefore, the correct answer is A) Dancing.8、What can the girl do?A) She can play the piano.B) She can play the violin.C) She can play the erhu.答案:B) She can play the violin.解析:Listen to the sentence: “The girl can play the violin.” Therefore, the correct answer is B) She can play the violin.9、Listen to the following dialogue and answer the question below.Dialogue:A: Excited about the school trip, aren’t you?B: Yes, I can’t wait to go. We’ll visit the Science Museum next week.Question: Where will the students visit next week?A. The Science MuseumB. The Art GalleryC. The History MuseumD. The ZooAnswer: AExplanation: In the dialogue, B explicitly mentions that they will visit the Science Museum next week. Therefore, the correct answer is A.10、Listen to the following instructions and answer the question below.Instructions:To get to the library, walk straight down Main Street for two blocks. Turn left at the stop sign, and then walk for three more blocks. The library will be on your right.Question: How many blocks must you walk before turning left at the stop sign?A. Two blocksB. Four blocksC. Five blocksD. Three blocksAnswer: BExplanation: According to the instructions, you need to walk two blocks down Main Street first. After turning left, you will walk for three more blocks to reach the library. Therefore, you must walk four blocks in total before turning left, making the correct answer B.11、What time does Tom usually get up in the morning?•A) At six o’clock.•B) At seven o’clock.•C) At eight o’clock.•Answer: B) At seven o’clock.•Explanation: In the dialogue, Tom mentions that he gets up at seven o’clock every morning because his school starts early, so option B is the correct answer.12、Where did Sarah go last Sunday?•A) To the park.•B) To the library.•C) To the zoo.•Answer: A) To the park.•Explanation: The conversation reveals that Sarah went to the park with her family last Sunday to enjoy the sunny weather, making option A the right choice.二、选择题(本大题有12小题,每小题2分,共24分)1、The cat is sleeping on the ().A. chairB. in chairC. under chairAnswer: A. chairExplanation: In this sentence, “chair” is a noun and does not need preposition “in” or “under” because the cat is directly on the chair.2、We can go to the () to buy books.A. libraryB. bookstoreC. schoolAnswer: B. bookstoreExplanation: A bookstore is a place specifically where you can buy books, while a library is where you can borrow books for free, and school is an educational institution.3、Read the following sentence and choose the correct word to complete it.John has two apples and he wants to give one to his friend. What does his friend get?A. one appleB. two applesC. twoD. oneAnswer: BExplanation: Since John only wants to give one apple to his friend, his friend will receive two apples - one that John gives and one that John keeps for himself. Therefore, the correct answer is “two apples”.4、Which word does NOT belong in the following list of winter activities?A. skiingB. swimmingC. sledgingD. snowball fightingAnswer: BExplanation: Skiing, sledging, and snowball fighting are all typical winter activities. Swimming, on the other hand, is not typically associated with winter activities, as it often requires warm water, making option B the correct answer.5、Choose the word that has a different sound in the underlined part.A. catB. capC. cakeD. canAnswer: CExplanation: The words ‘cat’, ‘cap’, and ‘can’ have the short ‘a’ sound (/æ/), while ‘cake’ has the long ‘a’ sound (/eɪ/). Therefore, ‘cake’ has a different pronunciation for the underlined part compared to the other options.6、Which sentence is correct?A. She like apples.B. He likes apple.C. They likes apples.D. We like apples.Answer: DExplanation: The correct form should be “We like apples.” because ‘we’ is a plural subject and requires the base form of the verb ‘like’. Option Auses the singular verb ‘like’ with a singular subject, which is incorrect. Option B sh ould be ‘He likes apples’ to agree with the plural object. OptionC incorrectly uses the singular verb ‘likes’ with the plural subject ‘they’.7、What is the weather like in Beijing in winter?A) Warm and humidB) Cold and dryC) Hot and sunnyD) Cool and windyAnswer: B) Cold and dry解析: 北京冬天的天气特点是寒冷干燥。

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