2019年高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 重点1 考点2 即时巩固 Word版含答案
第一编专题四第1讲重点一考点2提分单句训练Ⅰ. 单句填空❶(2018·鹰潭二模)Garl Hearn，a local official，said officials had to take it down as they were worried about drivers __stopping__ (stop) in front of sign in order to take photographs.解析：句意：一个当地官员卡尔·和恩说官员们不得不拿下它因为他们担心为了在告示牌前面照相停下的司机们。
drivers与stop是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
❷(2018·北京海淀区二模)Like great athletes or scientists，great teachers have the ability __to inspire__ (inspire) others as well.解析：句意：就像伟大的运动员和科学家一样，伟大的老师也有激励他人的能力。
the ability to do sth. “做某事的能力”。
被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语，常见的该类名词有ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，opportunity，attempt，way等。
❸(2018·北京西城区二模)We are in complete agreement with the suggestions __mentioned__ (mention) in your letter.解析：句意：我们完全同意你在信中提出的建议。
mention与the suggestions是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。
in agreement with“同意”。
❹(2018·山大附中三模)In nineteenth sixty，Wilma Rudolph became the first American woman __to win__ (win) three gold medals in one Olympics.解析：句意：在1960年，威尔玛鲁道夫成为第一个在一届奥运会上获得三块金牌的美国女人。
当名词被序数词修饰，且该名词与作定语的非谓语动词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系时，需用不定式作后置定语。
❺(2018·济南一模)Suddenly，I felt someone __moving__ (move) my luggage. I opened my eyes and looked up.解析：句意：突然，我觉得有人在动我的行李。
我睁开眼睛抬起头来。
feel sb. doing sth. “感觉某人正在做某事”。
练有小得：常用不定式作宾语的动词有afford，agree，choose，demand，decide，determine，expect，hope，manage，refuse，want，wish，offer，pretend，promise等。
❻(2018·保定一模)Meilun is very lively，often __jumping__ (jump) onto the roof and hanging upside down from a rail.解析：句意：美仑很活泼，经常跳到屋顶上从一个轨道上倒挂着。
Meilun与jump是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。
❼(2018·皖北二模) __Seeing__ (see) our returning to the car，Dad was eager to hear allabout what we’d seen.解析：句意：看见我们回到车上，爸爸渴望听到所有我们所看到的事情。
Dad与see 是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
❽(2018·唐山一模)It is polite __to offer__ (offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands.解析：it is polite to do sth. “做某事是有礼貌的”，在该句式中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。
❾(2017·北京卷)Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time __spent__ (spend) with his students.解析：句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。
句子已经有谓语了，spend和time之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。
○10(2018·深圳二模)Though __caught__ (catch) in the rain unexpectedly，we still treasured the memory and will always recall the warmth and kindness of the Chinese couple.解析：句意：尽管出乎意料地遭遇到大雨，我们仍然珍惜这段记忆并且永远会回忆起这对中国夫妇的温暖和善良。
be caught in“遭遇……”，在句中作状语，应用过去分词形式。
考生容易将catch的过去式和过去分词写为catched，catched。
练有小得：需熟记的几个短语be caught in(遭遇)；be buried in(专心；埋于)；be lost in(迷路；迷失)；be dressed in(穿着)；be stuck in(困于；卡在)；be hidden(藏身)；be addicted to(沉溺于)等短语，在句中作状语或补语用过去分词形式。
○11(2018·金丽衢二模)But Jie declined the invitation，__preferring__ (prefer) to lead a quiet life with his mother in the mountains.解析：句意：但是介子推拒绝了邀请，他宁愿和母亲在山中过安静的生活。
Jie与prefer 是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。
注意prefer的现在分词形式要双写最后一个字母r。
○12(2018·泸州四模)The engineers say the new material could provide an alternative to air conditioners，which are expensive __to run__ (run).解析：句意：工程师们说这种新型材料可替代空调，空调开起来太贵了。
不定式和句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
练有小得：动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词后，构成“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构。
这类形容词有：easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous等，表示主语的特征或性质，不定式和句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。
○13The hall was dark when I came in；the show was about __to begin__ (begin).解析：句意：当我进去时，大厅里一片漆黑，演出马上就要开始了。
结合句意判断此处考查固定搭配be about to do sth. “马上/即将做某事”，故空格处填to begin。
错解分析：考生极易忽视句意理解，误认为设空处于介词about之后，而填动名词beginning作宾语，about doing意为“关于做某事”。
○14(2018·江苏)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period，__exceeding__ (exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.解析：考查非谓语动词。
句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12,000个的预期数量。
分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。
○15(2016·上海卷) __Wondering__ (wonder) how my mum could consume so quickly，I began observing her daily routine for two weeks.解析：句意：想知道妈妈怎么吃菜这么快，我两周来开始观察她的日常活动。
I与wonder 是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
Ⅱ. 单句改错❶(2018·海口二模)When talked about sport，I always felt very exciting，because I like it so much. __talked→talking；exciting→excited__解析：句意：当谈论运动时，我总是很兴奋，因为我非常喜欢运动。
I与talk是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
在句中作表语说明主语I的心理感受时，表“兴奋的”，应用excited。
❷(2018·南充三模)As for me，if I have a better idea，I will choose stick to it. __choose 后加to__解析：句意：就我而言，如果我有更好的主意，我会坚持我的主意。
choose to do sth. “选择做某事”，stick to sth. “坚持某事”。
❸(2018·石家庄一模)In the beginning，I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid make mistakes. __make→making__解析：句意：一开始，我在我们的口语课上总是保持沉默以避免犯错误。
avoid后需接动名词作宾语，故make改为making。
❹(2018·枣庄二模)Actually，my mother helped me cooked it and I had practiced for several days. __cooked→cook__解析：句意：事实上，妈妈帮我做的菜而且我练了好几天。
2019届高考英语二轮复习(通用版)练习：第1板块语法填空+短文改错组合练(4)(含解析)
语法填空+短文改错组合练（四）题组(一)I •语法填空(2019新疆维吾尔自治区适应性检测)On learningAs we all kno w, lear ning is a process of gaining kno wledge. Lear ning is on e's own bus in ess, __1__ cannot rely on others. It is on e's lifelo ng task, which cannot __2__ (fini sh) in one move.A successful learner is an __3__ (independence) one, who has __4__ a determined will and amaz ing patie nee. He will try to discover his own way of lear ning. In stead of wait ing for the help of his teachers and frien ds, he will make efforts __5__ (create) favorable con diti ons on his own strong spirit. It will certa inly be __6__ great help, if there is a good en vir onment, eno ugh books and __7 ______ (equip), as well as in structi ons from his teachers and frien ds.Even if one has got all these favorable con diti ons, one cannot be sure to succeed in lear ning. So the most important factor in learning __8_ (lie) in one's own effort.To lear n is rather __9__〔他旬working and perseveri ng bus in ess. Many a man is a failure because he cannot bear such hardships. Persiste nt efforts can make up for a lack of tale nt and __10_ (able) one to get a great deal of progress in lear ning.1 . _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______5. ______6. _______7. _______8. _______9. ______ 10. ______n .短文改错(2019 郑州市质量预测)I can still remember I was once asked to make speech before the whole class at the age of 9. You can imagi ne how shy I was whe n I thought of that with so many eyes fixed to me. I had no more choice but to prepare for it, though. The hardest part was my oral prese ntati on from my memory, for readi ng from the paper was n't allowi ng. The real mome nt bega n before I stood on the platform with my legs trembli ng or my mi nd bla nk. But my liste ners were wait ing patie nt. Gradually, I found me back, giving my speech at last. After what seemed to be a long time, I heard all the listeners applauding loudly. Ever since then, my fear of speak before the audienee had disappeared. Actually, now rve become a great speaker!题组(二)I .语法填空(2019 桂林市调研考试)I had an __1__ (interest) experience playing ping 卩°哩last year. I was play ing aga inst a fine opp onent. When the score was 20 to 20, I placed my bat on the table, __2__ (thank) my opponent and began to walk away. She called me back and said we had to continue __3__ one of us won."Look，” I said, “ if we continue, either you or I will win. If you win __4__ (easy), I will begi n todoubt my skill. If I win, you will be un happy. Is n't it __5__ (good) to know that we both played well, that we enjoyed the competition, and that we played to an equal score ?” This was a surpris ing ending for my opp onent and for the pers ons __6__ (watch) this con test. It made sense to me to leave with a tie game, an impasse (僵局)：no winner, no loser!Our prese nt tech no logy makes __7__ possible for n ati ons to destroy other n ati ons. In such a nuclear time there can be no winners, only losers. Under these __8 __ (condition), the only choice__9__ (avoid) global destruct ion is a global impasse. We cannot destroy this beautiful pla net by holding on to __10__ old understanding of victory. The only victory is in achieving a satisfying impasse. No one wins, but no one loses, either.1 . _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______5. ______6. _______7. _______8. _______9. ________ 10. _______n .短文改错(2019 湖南市东部六校联考)I'd like to introduce Sarah to you. She is a good friend of me. Actually she is an exchange student from Ireland, whom has been studying in my school for two mon th. Wan ti ng to take an adva ntage of her short time here, Sarah works hardly. She had not studied Chinese before arriving here, but she has some difficulty communicating with people. She woke up early every morning to study a bit before class. I admire her in depe ndence for doing all of this while live so far away from her family. Besides, Sarah is in great help. Busy as she is, she often takes time help classmates with their En glish homework. A lovely girl, is n't she?题组(三)I .语法填空(2019 •西省四校联考)What defines a healthy city? Is it a place with a lot of open spaces __1__ people can exercise and enjoy the fresh air? A place with little or no polluti on? A place in which people can __2__ (free) socialize and express their ideas? Perhaps, it's all that plus more. Other considerations are the availability of health and fitness facilities, an excellent healthcare program and sincere efforts by __3__ local government to actively promote health and wellness among its citizens. Of all the cities in the world, one of the top six __4__ (healthy) cities is Cope nhage n, Denm ark.Cope nhage ners love to walk. Foot traffic acco unts __5__ 80% of all traffic in the Cope nhage n city cen ter. Those who prefer it can also bike. It is estimated that more tha n a third of all work trips in Copenhagen __6__ (carry) out on a bike. As for the climate here, the city does not have the bless ing of pleasa nt weather all year round. __7__ everythi ng starts to freeze, it tur ns several city squares into huge skating fields. The frozen parts of the city also make __8__ easier for residents to skate around. The city also has museums and art galleries for the kids and __9__ (grown- up). It has the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts and the Royal Library housed in a rather gra nd build ing __10__ (call) the Black Diamo nd.1 . _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______5. ______6. _______7. _______8. _______9. ________ 10. ______n .短文改错(2019 内蒙古四校统一能力测试)ln order to enrich all students' life, a tour to DengtaijiaTourist Attract ion arra nged by the Stude nts' Union on August 18th. The attracti on is one of Shima ntan Nati onal Forest Park attract ion. Located in Wuga ng city, Pin gdi ngsha n, it is well kllOWIl with its highest peak looks like an ancient lampstand. We started out by the bus at 6 : 30 at the school gate. But after we got there at about 8 : 00, we began to climb the highest peak. A delicious lunch was careful prepared at farmers' cottages for them. In the after noon, we went for a won der boat ride in the Shimantan Reservoir, after that we gathered at 5 pm and returned.题组(四)I .语法填空(2019辽宁省部分重点高中协作校联考)There is good and bad n ews about the nu mber of trees on our pla net. The good n ews is __1_ there are seven times more trees than we __2_ (think). A few years ago, scientists estimated the world had 400 billi on trees, but a new study makes a __3 ______ calculate) that there are around threetrillio n trees. That's a three __4__ (follow) by 12 zeroes. But Dr Thomas Crowther told the BBC that this new nu mber is un able __5__ (cha nge) anything.What is the bad news? Thousands of years ago, the earth had around six trillion trees. Human activity has cut the nu mber of trees on the pla net __6__ half. A good example of this is __7__ fact that Europe used to be one of the gia nt forests. Dr Crowther said people are __8 ____ resp on sibility)for the loss of three trillion trees. Another 15 billion trees are lost each year because of deforestation (毁林)and farmland. The scientists said this figure is “_9__ (extreme) higher t h an a century ago. Dr Crowther added, “ Thisstudy highlights how much more effort __10_ (need) if we are to restore healthy forests worldwide. ”1 . _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______5. ________6. _______7. _______8. _______9. ________ 10. ______n .短文改错(2019福建省普通高中毕业班质检)Last mon th, I find that my little brother looked up to me. I no ticed he started copy ing way that I was dressed. He even bega n copy ing my ways of speak ing and greet my frien ds. At first, I thought that he was play jokes. So I yelled at him, “ Knockt off. Much with my surprise, he burst into tear. Then I realized that what he was doing those things just because he admired me. To comfort my sadly brother, I took himto shop at the store for a blue shirt like me. Our mother smiled proud whe n we happily came back home in our shirts.语法填空+短文改错组合练（四）题组（一）I .语法填空语篇解读：本文讲述了如何做一个成功的学习者。
专题四 语法填空和短文改错(第1讲) 重点2 2019高考英语二轮复习课件
专题四 语法填空和短文改错
第1讲 重点二 语法必备
词性转换、比较等级和名词的数
2018年高考加大了对形容词和副词的考查力度。2018高考对名词
知考向
的考查以名词的数、名词的复数形式和词性转换为主。完形填空
会涉及对名词、形容词和词义辨析。
定考点 语法填空如提示词是形容词或副词，应考虑词性转换或比较等ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้级；如提示词是名词，考虑词性转换或名词复数形式。
是不可数名词 ，前面不能加不定冠词 ，也没有复数形式 。常用于短语 have
fun“ 玩得开心 ” ； for fun“ 为了玩乐 ” ； make fun of“ 取笑 ” ；fun 作形容词 时，意为“有趣的；给人欢乐的”。
officially 6．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be ______________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
1 2 3
真 题 体 验
即 时 巩 固
素 能 强 化
真 题 体 验
正面解读增分语法填空
考法1 考查词性转换——确定词性，联系构词法 careful 1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)However，be __________(care) not to go to extremes. 解析：句意：然而小心不要走极端。设空在句中作表语，应用形容词，根 据 句 意 可 知 该 处 填 careful ， 表 “ 小 心 的 ” 。 care 的 另 外 两 个 形 容 词 分 别 是
education“接受良好的教育”。
certainly 5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)It is ____________(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little
2019年高考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 重点5
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
解析：句意：直到近期，他们才开始鼓励农村地区与旅游有关的活动的发 展。not until位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装结构，此处指过去所发生的动作， 需用一般过去时，故填did。 did 8．(2015·天津卷)Only when Lily walked into the office ______she realize that
第一编
专题四 语法填空和短文改错
第1讲 重点五 语法必备
增分书面表达的特殊句式
第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
高考语法填空和短文改错对特殊句式的考查较少，主要涉及特殊 知考向 句式中谓语动词的时态和语态、状语从句的省略、祈使句、感叹 句和there be句式中的各种时态的应用。 根据It is/was或否定类结构判断考查强调或倒装，根据省略句、
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
被强调部分为at the hotel，故设空处填that。
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第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
did 7．(2016·江苏卷)Not until recently ______they encourage the development of
tourist－related activities in the rural areas.
she had left the contract at home.
2019年高考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 重点2
空前是 the most ，故设空填形容词与之构成最高级，名词 success 的形容词是
successful。
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第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
education 4 ． (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She is determined to carry on with her ____________
解析：句意：这个头衔将在伦敦的一个仪式上正式授予我。设空在句中修 饰谓语will be given，应用副词作状语，故填official的副词officially，意为“正式 地”。 7．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a achievement real sense of ______________(achieve). 解析：句意：然后首先处理重要的任务，那么你会感觉到一种真正的成就 感。介词 of 后应接名词作宾语， a sense of achievement“ 一种成就感 ” ，此时
是不可数名词 ，前面不能加不定冠词 ，也没有复数形式 。常用于短语 have
fun“ 玩得开心 ” ； for fun“ 为了玩乐 ” ； make fun of“ 取笑 ” ；fun 作形容词 时，意为“有趣的；给人欢乐的”。
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
·
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第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
officially 6．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be ______________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
2019年高考英语总复习：短文改错题(考点分析及配套例题及解析)ppt课件
are→be every year！________
3．Dear fellow students，it's high time that we pay attention to pay 前加 should 或 pay→paid this phenomenon._________________________________
2．掌握常用连接词的含义和用法 (1)and“和、 而且”， 表递进、 并列或顺承关系； but“但是”， 表转折关系；or“或者、否则”，表选择或结果。 (2)not only...but also...“ 不 仅 …… 而 且 ……” ；
both...and...“…… 和 …… 两 者 都 ” ； not...but...“ 不 是 …… 而 是……”。 (3)either...or...“ 或 者 …… 或 者 ……” ； neither...nor...“ 既 不……也不……”。
but→and agreed.________
2．(2018· 课标全国卷Ⅲ改编)Everyone was silent，waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph and→or aloud.________
3 ． (2017· 课标全国卷 Ⅰ 改编 )Before getting into the car ，I thought I had learned the instructor's orders，so once I started the
so→yet/but car，my mind went blank.________________
2019年高考英语二轮专题复习课件专题4 语法填空和短文改错 重点1 考点1
解析：句意：最近几年，压力被认为是从高血压到精神 问题的起因。根据句中时间状语In recent years可知本句用现在 Stress与regard是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。主语是 动词用单数形式，填has been regarded。be regarded as... “被认为…
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第一编 专题四 语法填空和短文改错
14．(2015·课标全国Ⅰ)It was raining lightly when I __a_r_r Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care.
解析：句意：当我正好在拂晓前到达阳朔时，天正下 when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句中的谓语was ra 谓语动词用一般过去时。
13．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Confucius believed knives would killings and __w__e_re___ (be)too violent for use at the table.
解析：句意：孔子认为刀子会让人想到杀戮，在餐桌 力。believed后面的宾语从句的主语是knives，设空和would rem 两个并列的谓语动词，时态应一致，故该空谓语用一般过去时。 数形式，故用were。 remind sb. of sth. “使某人想起某事”。
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16．(2016·上海卷)Then it hit me—why would she not wan what she ___h_a_d_d_o_n_e___(do).
2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点3 小词不可忽视-冠词、介词
小词不可忽视-冠词、介词、数词和代词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试) Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years. They may vary from place to place and time to time，but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people， __1. causing__ (cause) a far－reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives. The traditional Chinese marriage usually __2. involves__ (involve) some necessary procedures，such as match－making，engagement，meeting the bride，and three bows. __3. In__ addition，a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this—when a new couple is engaged， __4. what__ follows is a __5. choice__ (choose) of the date of their marriage.Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends __6. to attend__ (attend) the wedding. However，quite a few others，especially __7. those__ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. The wedding ceremony is usually hosted __8. warmly__ (warm) and the wedding ceremony very often ends with __9. a__ unique banquet. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a __10. healthy__ (health) baby and so on.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的婚俗习惯。
2019年高考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 重点3
些„„”，而泛指时则译为“一个„„”。
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the 4 ． (2016· 全国卷Ⅰ)While one is being bottle － fed ， ______other is with
mum. 解析：句意：一个用奶瓶喂养，另一个和妈妈在一起。one... the other... 意 为“一个„„另一个„„”。 5．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for a ______ while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy. 解析：句意：你可以出去一会儿，通过锻炼或做些你喜欢的事情来让你的 身体和大脑得到休息。for a while“一会儿”，是固定搭配。
解析： 句意：通过自查许多问题你能够断定你处在巅峰和低谷的时候。 a
number of意为“许多；大量的”，是固定搭配。
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第一编 专题四 语法填空和短文改错
名师点津
1．填冠词的情况 若设空后是(形容词＋)名词，且二者搭配在一起表泛指或特指；或设空后有
序数词或最高级等，设空处一般填冠词。
语as a result表示“结果”，故填a。
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2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road，laying the track and
the then building a strong roof over ______top. 解析：句意：这包括挖路、铺轨道，然后在上面建造一个结实的顶。此处 特指所修地铁的顶部，故用定冠词the。语法填空中无提示词填空的考查方向多 为介词、冠词、连词或代词。当可数名词单数前无冠词时，则考虑填入冠词，
2019年高考英语二轮复习【短文改错题解题指导及训练】附答案解析
2019年高考英语二轮复习【短文改错题解题指导及训练】高考英语短文改错技巧第一步必须熟悉设错方式1. 必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。
⑴多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。
⑵少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。
⑶错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。
2. 平时应加强基本功训练，用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下，以便考前复习。
第一步加强基本功训练短文改错与书面表达一样，最能反映一个人的语言功底。
大家在该题上失分最厉害，因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。
第二步对全文宏观把握大家应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解，这样能对短文有个宏观把握，对上下文有全面的了解。
在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，分析判断，上下兼顾，把明显的、拿的准的题先做完，这样可以缩小包围圈，也有助于对全文的进一步理解。
第三步从语法角度审查1. 查看时态是否一致。
My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. 全文都是用的一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。
2. 查看主谓是否一致。
Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. cost应改为costs，因其主语是it(为形式主语)，且上下文均为一般现在时。
3. 查指代是否一致。
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代词his应改为their。
4. 查平行结构是否平行一致。
由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as 等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。
2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点4 经常考查的并列句和三大
development of chopsticks. 解析：句意：有些人认为中国的伟大圣贤孔子，大约生活在公元前551—
479年，对筷子影响很大。根据句意可知，空格后lived from roughly 551 to 479
B．C．，是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词Confucius指人，故需用关系代词
who引导非限制性定语从句。
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11．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place g the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ____th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h___
填关系代词that/which。
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12．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)Maybe you have a habit t_h_a_t/_w_h_i_c_h______ is driving your family crazy.
及；和”，是固定短语。用来连接两个并列成分，作用相当于and。
6．(2014·广东卷)Our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week， _b_u_t___for
the week after.
解析：句意：我们的房间预订的不是那一周，而是后一周。根据前面的