考研英语作文新花样使用对照手法
考研作文新花样使用对照手法
来源：智阅网
考研英语作文是拉开考生成绩差距的题型，也是检验考生英语书面表达能力的题型。
但是作文不是单单背诵几篇经典范文就可以得高分了，而是需要考生有自己的思路，千篇一律的结构形式很容易让老师审美疲劳。
下面是考研英语作文新花样——使用对照手法，希望能给大家一些启示。
一、为什么从对照手法开始
修辞格不是一个语法概念，而是文字处理的手法，指为增强表达效果而使用的一些修饰手法。
很多考生在准备考试时，语法单词学得较多、修辞概念缺乏，也没有这方面的学习意识，写出的文章自然是结构上千篇一律、内容上单调乏味、句式缺乏灵动、往往是意思上表达清楚了，读起来总是缺少些“文化”气息，想摆脱模板，修辞格的研习就显得比较重要了。
有些读者可能认为，修辞格属于较为高级的手法，在应试写作的准备过程中，没有必要深究。
这种想法有一定道理，从词义修辞(Lexical Stylistic Device)而言，考生的确不必学习明喻、暗喻、提喻、夸张等修辞手法;从音韵修辞(Phonetic Stylistic Devices)而言，掌握头韵(alliteration)、尾音(consonance)涉及选词和音韵的配合，非一朝一夕所能实现。
因为这两者更多地是从文学修辞角度，而不是从句子结构角度理解写作，但是，如果我们换一个角度，从结构修辞考虑问题，就会发现修辞格结构并非不可准备，掌握得好，还会成为最为有利的增分亮点。
然而，英语发展至今，已经形成了其固有的修辞体系：词义修辞、结构修辞和音韵修辞。
即使从结构修辞角度出发，又从何处学起呢?笔者认为，从对照手法学起较为合理。
原因有二：其一，对照从句子结构的布局考虑词汇，这对于语法基础相对较为扎实的考生而言，可以形成一些较为固定的句型，比较易于掌握;其二，按照结构修辞格
手法的方式顺序，也是先熟悉对照手法，然后依次为排比(parallelism)、渐进(Climax)、突降(Anticlimax)、反复(Repetition)、和修辞反问(Rhetorical Question)，按照循序渐进、先易后难的学习思路，也应该先学习对照手法，然后再修习其他方法。
下面分别从表现手法、使用种类和写作应用三个角度，谈一谈对照手法在写作中的应用。
二、什么是对照
对照一词(Antithesis)，源自希腊语antitithenai，意为“相反”，即将意义相反的词语放在对称结构中，形成对比和反差。
词汇不必华丽，但是结构要严整，层次要分明，语义要映衬，在图画描述、段落阐述中经常用到。
写作中最为常用的一种结构修辞格，对照手法的历史渊源颇深，在英语世界的诗文、议论文、演讲、谚语中使用十分频繁。
例如：
I take thee to my wedded wife, to have and to hold from this day forward, for better or worse, for richer or poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and cherish, till death do we part, according to God’s holy ordinance, and thereto I light the e my troth.
愿娶汝为妻，从今日起，无论境遇顺逆，富贵或贫困，身患疾病或身体康泰，彼此相爱珍惜，至死不渝，特立此誓言。
上段为英美国家教堂婚礼中的结婚誓言，新郎需立下誓言，表示对爱情婚姻的珍重、以及白头偕老的决心，在此段誓言中，共有三次使用对照手法：better or worse, richer or poorer, in sickness and in health，前两次用形容词比较级形成对照、最后一次用名词短语形成对照，在教堂庄重肃穆的气氛烘托下，就显得语气庄重、态度诚恳、感情真挚。
对照手法在英美文学作品中不乏名段，其中大家最为熟悉的，恐怕就是查尔斯.狄更斯在《双城记》中的开场白了：It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way….
这是最好的时代，也是最坏的时代;是智慧的时代，也是愚蠢的
时代;是信仰的时代，也是怀疑的时代;是光明的季节，也是黑暗的季节;是充满希望的春天，也是令人绝望的冬天;我们的前途拥有一切，我们的前途一无所有;我们正走向天堂，我们也正直下地狱。
《双城记》的写作背景是法国大革命，处在这个时期的法国社会，资本主义和封建专制尖锐对立，一方面资本主义经济获得发展，而另一面封建统治严重制约社会进步，同时等级制度森严，导致工人、城市平民和广大农民生活困苦，强烈要求改变生活状况，在资产阶级启蒙主义思想影响下，社会各界呼唤社会变革称为这个时代的主基调。
如此复杂的社会背景，查尔斯.狄更斯却用七个对照句生动形象地展
示在读者面前。
其中best/worst, age of wisdom/age of foolishness, epoch of belief/epoch of incredulity, season of light/season of darkness, spring of hope/the winter of despair，将形容词、名词和短语梯次使用，使得句子由短促转为绵长，语气由舒缓转为紧促，读来排山倒海、一气呵成，可谓对照手法的极致。
对照手法的一些特点可供写作者借鉴：选词时，可以通过选择形容词、名词、短语、或者事物对立面，形成反差对比，以突出主题。
当形容词形成对照时，名词的特性显得格外突出，尤其是主语名词的
特点、状态就显得格外鲜明;当短语形成对照时，不仅可以形成修辞增字[耳海燕1]
，还可以使得前后动词形成鲜明对比，语义更加明确;相比之下，一物两面更体现修辞手法，而不是词语的选择，它使得事物的对立矛盾更加突出，当这种反差感在读者头脑中产生时，文章主题就显得十分突出，对于主题阐述随之进入较深层面。
那么如何将上述手法，运用于考试类写作之中呢?
三、对照手法的种类
在考试写作中有一定实操性的对照手法可分三类：1)词汇与词汇对照;2)短语和短语对照;3)一物两面对照。
多注重词汇选择、句子结构构造，和应试类型写作的考查范围不矛盾，经过练习完全可以掌握。
1)词汇和词汇对照：
英文写作最基本的单位是词汇，写作时可以通过形容词或名词的选择形成对比，单词不必很难，但是在结构上要对称，语义上要形成反差，这样即使用简单的词汇，也能写出不错的效果：
例句1：一朵鲜花在温室中绽放，在风雨中死去。
一般英文的写法：A fresh flower is blooming in a green house. But it is dying in the heavy rain and strong wind.
对照的写法：A tiny flower is blooming in a large greenhouse. However, the delicate plant is withering in a violent storm.
对比：两个句子表达了相同的意思，一般英文的写法用词也算准确，意思表达也很清楚，但是对照式写法在表意之外，还对称使用形容词，使用两对形容词：tiny和large，delicate(柔弱的)和violent(强烈的)，使得结构构成平行对称，语义形成对比反差，花朵生命力脆弱的特点就很突出了。
不仅写出了相对较多的字数，也体现出了一定的选词和修辞能力。
对照手法的应用对我们的写作帮助很大，考生们要好好运用哦，何凯文编写的《2017考研英语写作高分攻略》这本书对我们的考试
帮助很大，要好好利用哦，加油。
考研外语二作文万能模板
考研外语二作文万能模板一、图表作文。
开头段，描述图表内容，引出主题。
According to the chart/table, we can see that…。
As is shown in the diagram…。
The chart/table provides some interesting data/statistics about…。
The diagram illustrates the changes in…over the period from…to…。
The table shows the comparison between…in terms of…。
主体段1，分析数据变化原因。
There are several reasons accounting for this phenomenon. First and foremost,…。
Another contributing factor is that…。
Moreover, the rapid development of…also plays a significant role in…。
In addition, the change in…can be attributed to…。
主体段2，进一步分析数据变化原因。
Furthermore, it should be noted that…。
In addition, the improvement in…is another factor that leads to…。
Besides, the increase/decrease in…can be explained by the fact that…。
结尾段，总结图表内容，提出建议或展望未来。
In conclusion, from the above analysis, we can draw the conclusion that…。
研究生英语作文万能模板直接套用
研究生英语作文万能模板直接套用There are different opinions/views/discussions/debates on the topic of (topic). Some people argue that (argument 1), while others believe that (argument 2). In this essay, I will explore both sides of the issue and provide my own perspective.(Argument 1) One common viewpoint is that (argument 1). Supporters of this idea claim that (reason 1). They argue that (evidence 1). For example, (real-life example).On the other hand, (argument 2) is also a prevalent perspective. Proponents of this view contend that (reason 2). They emphasize that (evidence 2). For instance, (real-life example).However, I lean towards the belief that (personal opinion). Although I understand the reasoning behind (argument 1), I find that (personal reasoning). Moreover, (additional point).Another important consideration is (additional aspect to be considered). (Elaborate on this aspect and explain its relevance to the topic).In conclusion, while there are valid arguments for both sides of the issue, I personally believe that (personal opinion). It is crucial to consider (additional aspect) when examining (topic) to attain a comprehensive understanding of the situation. Therefore, it is essential to carefully weigh all arguments and evidence before drawing a firm conclusion.。
苍盾考研英语作文模板
苍盾考研英语作文模板考研英语作文是许多考生的难点之一掌握一些作文模板可以帮助考生在考试中快速组织语言提高写作效率。
以下是一些考研英语作文的模板供你参考1. 观点对比型模板开头Nowadays there is a heated debate over whether 主题. Some people believe that 观点一 while others argue that 观点二.主体Those who support 观点一 hold that 支持原因一. For instance 举例说明. Moreover they argue that 支持原因二. However those who oppose 观点一 believe that 反对原因. They point out that 反对原因的进一步解释.结尾In my opinion 个人观点. The reasons are as follows firstly 原因一 secondly 原因二. Therefore I believe that 结论.2. 问题解决型模板开头It is widely acknowledged that 问题 has become a serious issue in our society. The reasons for this problem are as follows 原因一原因二 and 原因三.主体To address this problem several measures should be taken. Firstly 措施一. Secondly 措施二. Additionally 措施三.结尾In conclusion 问题 is a complex issue that requires a multifaceted approach. By implementing the measures mentioned above we can hope to see a positive change in the near future.3. 图表作文型模板开头The chartgraphtable illustrates that 图表描述. It can be seen that 主要趋势或特点.主体Several factors contribute to this phenomenon. Firstly 因素一. Secondly 因素二. In addition 其他因素.结尾In summary the chartgraphtable provides a clear picture of 总结图表所展示的信息. It is imperative that 建议或评论.4. 故事经历型模板开头Last week I encountered a situation that left a deep impression on me. It was when 具体事件.主体During the event I noticed several things that were particularly striking. For one thing 细节一. For another 细节二. These observations led me to reflect on 反思的内容.结尾In retrospect the experience taught me that 学到的教训或感悟. It has also reinforced my belief in the importance of 加强的信念或价值观.5. 议论文型模板开头There is a widespread concern over 主题. It is generally believed that 普遍观点.主体Many arguments support the idea that 支持观点的理由一. For example 举例说明. On the other hand 支持观点的理由二. Furthermore 其他支持理由.结尾Despite the opposing views I firmly believe that 个人观点. The evidence presented above is a solid foundation for this belief and I am convinced that 结论.使用这些模板时记得要根据具体的作文题目灵活调整确保内容的准确性和逻辑性。
实用英语写作技巧之二十四如何用比较与对照法推展篇章
24.1 Comparison and Contrast（⽐较与对照） Often we may want to describe several aspects of two subjects that have both similarities and differences.When we compare two things，we show how they are similar；when we contrast two things，we show how they are different.We may compare or contrast two schools，two cars，two friends，two jobs，two cities，etc.。
For this purpose，we may employ the combined techniques of comparison and contrast.In writing the essay，you should always bear two important decisions in mind：①Whether you are to do a comparison，a contrast，or a mixture，or②Whether you are to use an item-to-item（逐事⽐较）or point-to-point（逐点⽐较）method of development（both have been explained and illustrated in Unit14） Model Essay 24-1 Shanghai and New York are two of the biggest cities in the world.They are different in some ways，but they are similar in some other ways. Shanghai is one of the most densely populated cities in Asia，and New York is one of the most densely populated cities in North America.The population of Shanghai is homogenous，but thepopulation of New York is heterogeneous.The people in Shanghai speak Chinese；the people in New York speak English instead.The cost of living in Shanghai is generally low in comparison with that in New York.While the people in Shanghai take buses or ride bikes to go to work，the people in New York drive cars or take subways to get to work.The people in Shanghai use fans to keep cool，where as the people in New York use air-conditioning. Both Shanghai and New York are cities of great wealth and poverty.In both cities，there is a great deal of beauty and a great deal of ugliness.Many people in Shanghai are as kind and helpful as those in New York.Conversely，some people in Shanghai are as dangerous as those in New York.In both cities，there are people who work all day and people who work all night.Both cities are never asleep. To some visitors，both Shanghai and New York are a paradise and a jungle. 24.2 Analysis of the Model Essay（范⽂分析） From the above point-to-point essay，we can see that the similarities and differences of Shanghai and New York are as follows： ①Differences： a.population（homogeneous S （heterogeneous NY nguage （Chinese S （English NY C.cost of living（low S （high NY d.transportation（buses and bikes S （cars and subways NY e.cooling appliances（fans S （air-conditioning NY ②Similarities： a.both are most densely populated b.both are cities of great wealth and poverty c.both are beautiful and ugly d.both have kind and helpful people and dangerous people e.both are never asleep 通过以上⽐较和对照法的结合使⽤，作者巧妙地将与主题有关的五个异同点联系在⼀起，交替进⾏逐点⽐较、对照，这使得读者从始⾄终能够把握⽐较与对照的线索。
考研英语的作文类型有哪些
考研英语的作文类型有哪些1. Different Approaches to Something通过对比说明人们是如何用不同的方式对待某事物的，使读者从中受到启迪。
2. On the Interaction Between Bright and Dark Sides of Something 对事物两方面之间的相互关系和作用进行学问性说明，使读者领悟好事也能变成坏事或反之亦然的道理3. A Deeper Insight into Something 对图表中所揭示的现象、规律、变化等进行深层次的说明3. A Deeper Insight into Something对图表中所揭示的现象、规律、变化等进行深层次的说明4. The Boom in Doing Something透过该现象阐明其深层次的问题5. How to Succeed in Doing Something通过举例说明如何才能胜利地做某事，从而使你的说明更具说服力。
6. On the Causal Relations of Sth. to Sth. Else通过因果关系说明使读者了解事物的成因,并从中有所顿悟。
7. How to Cope Effectively With Something通过现身说法，阐明如何对待某一事物，使读者从中受到启迪。
8. How to Do Something通过介绍如何做某事的过程，使读者受到启发。
9 Reflections on a Piece of Reading就阅读过的文章或书籍谈谈感想，以使其他读者开卷有益。
10. Insight Derived from Data in Tables / Graphs通过对图表中数据或信息的观看和分析, 阐明其内涵或规律性的东西,实现图文并茂。
1. Different Approaches to Something通过对比说明人们是如何用不同的方式对待某事物的，使读者从中受到启迪。
考研《英语》作文五大润色密法：多用被动句
考研英语五大润色作文密法——洞察细节，克敌先机1、多使用被动句因为你要阐述你对图画的观点，你不能总用some people say，others say，这样的句子很没有说服力，你自己写的时候都要怀疑一下。
在一些出国类的考试的写作中，这些都是要坚决禁止的。
因为这样一来你的文章说服力就差了，一旦文章没有说服力，你这篇文章也就徒有其表了。
怎么增强你的文章说服力呢，就是用被动语态，当作一个客观事实来陈述。
汉语中用被动句较少，多使用没有人称的主语或者“大家”“人们”，在英语中多使用被动句。
在庖丁解牛中，那个科学统计法就用到了被动句，这里再举个例子。
Computers have been widely used in various fields.这样一个被动句是对事实的陈述，是一个议论文的标准格式。
如果你把它改成一个主动句 We find some use of computers in various fields. 感觉就很站不住脚。
举这个例子是说明，被动句是我们的作文中应该出现的，通篇都是主动句，偶尔出现1～2个被动句会让你的文章增色不少。
在你复习作文的时候，每天改写几个被动句，练习一下，不要到考场上现想。
台上一分钟，台下十年功。
2、时态要统一由于议论文是要阐述你的观点，很少涉及动作发生的时间，所以写作中时态的运用很有限。
最常使用的是一般现在时，其次是一般将来时和现在完成时，再次是一般过去时和现在进行时，其它时态用的相对不多。
我写作的时候习惯是一般现在时，但要注意事态的统一，不要一会一般现在时，一会一般过去时，那样你的作文就彻底没高分了。
3、高级词汇的使用在上一个帖子中写过一些这方面的东西但是不多，词汇的多变是考试评分标准中的一项，平时多积累一些同义词是大有好处的，这里给大家一个文档，对阅读中常见的同义词进行总结，让大家笑傲考场。
4、避免使用口语体得缩略形式这个是书面英语和口语的一个大区别，大家千万要注意。
2023年考研英语大纲写作新题型作文范文
2023年考研英语大纲写作新题型作文范文2023年考研英语大纲写作新题型作文范文Major Causes for Economic Globalization (1)Since the early 1950s, economic globalization has undergone a rapid growth. To put it simply, the major causes are as follows:To begin with, there is the technological reason. Remarkable development in science and technology has paved the way with richer materials and better skills, among which electronic products and information technology play important roles。
In the second place, there is the economic cause. As the market economy holds a stronger position, multinational corporations and international economic organizations are being more and more popular and powerful, thus laying a solid foundation for the globalization of our economy. (97 words)Main Reasons for Economic Globalization (2)Since the early 1950s, economic globalization has seen a rapid growth. In my opinion, there are two main reasons for this development。
考研英语作文万能模板范文万能句子汇总之考研英语作文范文城市交通等9个话题(含中文对照)
考研英语作文万能模板范文万能句子篇一：考研英语作文范文城市交通思路点拨。
第段描述图画；第二段分析交通堵塞给人和环境带来的影响；第三段建议措施。
思维拓展建议措施部分，还可以从如角度提出呼吁政府投资完善基础设施继续坚持限行的制度。
倡导低碳出行步行骑自行车。
倡导理智选择城市人全部拥挤在大城市带来的负面影响。
How horrible the traffic is！The picture depicts a scenario of a terrible traffic jam in the street. In fact， the traffic jam is so heavy that it is more of a parking lot than a crowded street①。
Anxious passengers cannot take buses because there are fewbuses. Instead，the street is filled with too many private cars.Exaggerated as it is， the phenomenon is not uncommon nowadays. With the number of private cars increasing②，traffic jams in metropolitans are bound to happen. Heavy transportation pressure in large cities may bring much inconvenience to people and exert negative impacts on the environment. On the one hand，when traffic jam happens， short distance in the past now seems to become terribly long， and drivers could do nothing but to wait. Therefore， a lot of precious time has been wasted on the road. On the other hand，exhausted gas emitted by cars③ has increased the burden of environment and caused carbon emission，which has diverted from the concept of living a low carbon life.Therefore，effective measures should be taken to alleviate the traffic jam. Firstly， taxes levied on the sales of private cars④ should be raised so as to restrict private car ownership rate. Secondly， publictransportation such as buses and subways， which are low-carbon transportation means， should be encouraged and promoted so that we can have a smooth transportation.妙译处都是。
对照式作文800字
对照式作文800字英文回答：I think the compare and contrast essay is a common type of academic writing that requires students to analyze the similarities and differences between two or more subjects. In this type of essay, it's important to provide a clear introduction that presents the subjects being compared and contrasted, as well as a strong thesis statement that highlights the main points of comparison.When I write a compare and contrast essay, I usually start by brainstorming a list of similarities and differences between the subjects. Then, I organize my ideas into a coherent structure, such as a point-by-point or subject-by-subject format. For example, if I were comparing and contrasting two different types of pets, I might discuss their similarities in one paragraph and their differences in another.In terms of language use, I try to vary my vocabulary and use transitional phrases to make the essay flow smoothly. For instance, I might use phrases like "on the other hand" or "similarly" to connect my ideas and show the relationships between the subjects. Additionally, I always make sure to provide specific examples and evidence to support my points, as this helps to make my arguments more persuasive.Overall, I find that writing a compare and contrast essay allows me to develop my critical thinking skills and improve my ability to analyze and synthesize information.It also helps me to communicate my ideas effectively and engage with the reader in a meaningful way.中文回答：我认为对照式作文是一种常见的学术写作类型，要求学生分析两个或更多主题之间的相似之处和不同之处。
考研英语一二作文万能模板大全
说起考研英语作文，大多数人都头疼，无从下手对于作文得分是很可怕的，所以万能模板便救了大家。
模板说白了就是套路，可是套用上去的分往往更加吸引眼球，取得高分，今天为大家整理了英语一和二的写作万能模板，开动脑筋和嘴巴背起来吧。
考研英语一写作模板 一、正面话题模板： As is shown above， in the middle of the cartoon stands + 主题词，which symbolizes + 主题词的另一种表达，+ 同位语即主题词第三种表达 + 表示主题词动作的非谓语动词 (例如：in the middle of the cartoon stands a hot pot，which symbolizes culture，the one containing many Chinese culture symbol. The drawer's intention seems to be highly self-evident and the meaning causes us to be thought-provoking. It is therefore safe to draw the conclusion that + 主题词 + is momentous and fundamental to the mind what food is vital and significant to the body.) Not only I， but also the best philosophers and poets also praise that this concept should be a permanent universal values. Obviously， I can think of no better reasons for the phenomenon other than the following two. Initially， the millennia-long run of + 主题词 + left us with a lot of traditionsthat are extremely profoundly rooted. 加拓展句：主题词 is a kind of emotional strength， which can support us no matter how dark around us becomes.(比如：爱心/自信/亲情/团结/坚持/诚信/友谊/乐观的态度/是一种情感的力量，无论我们周围有多么的黑暗，它都能支持我们。