2014南京大学翻译硕士考研历年真题翻译硕士英语试题
2014年考研英语真题及参考答案
2014年考研英语（一）真题（完整版）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a （n） ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___.Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate ___12___ mental effort.Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___13___ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ___14___.The Web-based program ___15___ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps ___16___ of your progress and provides detailed feedback ___17___ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it___18___modifies and enhances the games you play to ___19___ on the strengths you are developing—much like a（n） ___20___exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.[A]where[B]when[C]that[D]why2. [A]improves[B]fades[C]recovers[D]collapses3. [A]If[B]Unless[C]Once[D]While4. [A]uneven[B]limited[C]damaging[D]obscure5. [A]wellbeing[B]environment[C]relationship[D]outlook6. [A]turns[B]finds[C]points[D]figures7. [A]roundabouts [B]responses[C]workouts[D]associations8. [A]genre[B]functions[C]circumstances[D]criterion9. [A]channel[B]condition[C]sequence[D]process10. [A]persist[B]believe[C]excel[D]feature11. [A] Therefore[B] Moreover[C] Otherwise[D] However12. [A]according to[B]regardless of[C]apart from[D]instead of13. [A]back[B]further[C]aside[D]around14. [A]sharpness[B]stability[C]framework[D]flexibility15. [A]forces [B]reminds[C]hurries[D]allows16. [A]hold[B]track[C]order[D]pace17. [A]to[B]with[C]for[D]on18. [A]irregularly[B]habitually[C]constantly[D]unusually19. [A]carry[B]put[C]build[D]take20. [A]risky[B]effective[C]idle[D]familiarSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosingA, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency” George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on.” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency —permanent dependency if you can get it — supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance” —invented in 1996 —is about redefining the unemployedas a “jobseeker” who had no mandatory right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at ?71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.21. George Osborne’s scheme was intended to[A]provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits.[B]encourage jobseekers’ active engagement in job seeking.[C]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily.[D]gua rantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefits.22. The phrase, “to sign on” （Line 3, Para. 2） most probably means[A]to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre.[B]to accept the government’s restrictions on the allowance.[C]to register for an allowance from the government.[D]to attend a governmental job-training program.23. What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme?[A]A desire to secure a better life for all.[B]An eagerness to protect the unemployed.[C]An urge to be generous to the claimants.[D]A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.24. According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one feel[A]uneasy[B]enraged.[C]insulted.[D]guilty.25. To which of the following would the author most probably agree?[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.[B]Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.[C]The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.Text 2All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work, and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed todo so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.26.a lot of students take up law as their profession due to[A]the growing demand from clients.[B]the increasing pressure of inflation.[C]the prospect of working in big firms.[D]the attraction of financial rewards.27.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?[A]Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.[B]Admissions approval from the bar association.[C]Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.[D]Receiving training by professional associations.28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from[A]lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance.[B]the rigid bodies governing the profession.[C]the stem exam for would-be lawyers.[D]non-professionals’ sharp criticism.29.The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive”partly because it[A]bans outsiders’ involvem ent in the profession.[B]keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.[C]aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.[D]prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.30.In this text, the author mainly discusses[A]flawed ownership of Am erica’s law firms and its causes.[B]the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America.[C]a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it.[D]the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education.Text 3The US$3-million Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from thetelephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels, The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They couldcement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere, It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.31. The Fundamental Physics Prize is seen as[A]a symbol of the entrepreneurs’ wealth.[B]a possible replacement of the Nobel Prizes.[C]an example of bankers’ investments.[D]a handsome reward for researchers.32. The critics think that the new awards will most benefit[A]the profit-oriented scientists.[B]the founders of the new awards.[C]the achievement-based system.[D]peer-review-led research.33. The discovery of the Higgs boson is a typical case which involves[A]controversies over the recipients’ status.[B]the joint effort of modern researchers.[C]legitimate concerns over the new prizes.[D]the demonstration of research findings.34. According to Paragraph 4,which of the following is true of the Nobels?[A]Their endurance has done justice to them.[B]Their legitimacy has long been in dispute.[C]They are the most representative honor.[D]History has never cast doubt on them.35.The author believes that the now awards are[A]acceptable despite the criticism.[B]harmful to the culture of research.[C]subject to undesirable changes.[D]unworthy of public attention.Text 4“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences （AAAS）, deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.” In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Soc ial Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.Unfortunately, despite 2? years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades Americ a's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities an d social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda.Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?[A] Critical[B] Appreciative[C] Contemptuous[D] Tolerant37. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to[A] retain people’s interest in liberal education[B] define the government’s?role in education[C] keep a leading position in liberal education[D] safeguard individuals’ rights to education38. According to Paragraph 3, the report suggests[A] an exclusive study of American history[B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects[C] the application of emerging technologies[D] funding for the study of foreign languages39. The author implies in Paragraph 5 that professors are[A] supportive of free markets[B] cautious about intellectual investigation[C] conservative about public policy[D] biased against classical liberal ideas40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter”[B] Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter”[C] The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education[D] Progressive Policy vs. Liberal EducationPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs A and E have been correctly placed Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET （10 points）[A] Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece, the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.[B]In another case, American archaeologists Rene Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample （make test excavations on） large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copan, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copan collapsed.[E] To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging. Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such as ancient buildings or fields.[F] Most archaeological sites, however, are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searches can take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evan combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans’s interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos （Knossós）on the island of Crete, in 1900.[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery. They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording, and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites. Two and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.41. → A →42. → E →43. → 44. →45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music. （46）It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. （47）By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the perfo rmer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. （48）Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an intense crescendo and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society. （49）Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development,an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. （50）One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:Write a letter of about 100 words to the president of your university, suggesting how to improve students’ physicalcondition.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. （10 points）Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1） describe the drawing briefly,2） interpret its intended meaning, and3） give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET（20 points）。
2014年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题(完整版)及参考答案
2014 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C orD on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not whatthey used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance'sname, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "seniormoments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on ourprofessional, social, and personal 5 .Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lotthat can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the rightmental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections inthe brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 ,because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expandand fluctuate 12 mental effort.39Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain trainingprogram"designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 .The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The programkeeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Mostimportantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--muchlike a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.[A]where[B]when[C]that[D]why2.[A]improves[B]fades[C]recovers[D]collapses3.[A]If[B]Unless[C]Once[D]While4.[A]uneven[B]limited[C]damaging[D]obscure5.[A]wellbeing[B]environment[C]relationship[D]outlook6.[A]turns[B]finds[C]points[D]figures7.[A]roundabouts[B]responses[C]workouts[D]associations8.[A]genre[B]functions[C]circumstances[D]criterion9.[A]channel[B]condition[C]sequence[D]process10.[A]persist[B]believe[C]excel[D]feature11.[A]Therefore[B]Moreover[C]Otherwise[D]However12.[A]according to[B]regardless of[C]apart from[D]instead of13.[A]back[B]further[C]aside[D]around14.[A]sharpness[B]stability[C]framework[D]flexibility15.[A]forces[B]reminds[C]hurries[D]allows16.[A]hold[B]track[C]order[D]pace17.[A] to[B]with[C]for[D]on18.[A]irregularly[B]habitually[C]constantly[D]unusually19.[A]carry[B]put[C]build[D]take20.[A]risky[B]effective[C]idle[D]familiar答案：1-5 ABDCA 6-10 ACBDC 11-15 DABAD 16-20 BDCCB答案解析：1. [标准答案] [A][考点分析] 上下文语义和连词辨析[选项分析] 本题考查连词。
2014年南京大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年南京大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I.Phrase Translation1.NATO【答案】北大西洋公约组织(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)2.Genebank【答案】基因库3.CBD【答案】中央商务区(Central Business District)；交货前付款(cash before delivery)4.YOG【答案】青奥会(Youth Olympic Games)5.IMF【答案】国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)6.ISO【答案】国际标准化组织(International Standard Organization)7.OPEC【答案】石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)8.UNESCO【答案】联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization)9.Euromart【答案】欧洲共同市场(European Common Market)10.negative population growth【答案】人口负增长11.the European economic community【答案】欧洲经济共同体12.World Intellectual Property Organization【答案】世界知识产权组织13.Greenhouse effect【答案】温室效应14.Masscult【答案】大众文化，通俗文化15.I-steel【答案】工字钢16.无人售票【答案】self-service ticketing17.货到付款【答案】cash on delivery18.战略伙伴关系【答案】strategic partnership19.西部大开发【答案】Go-West Campaign;China Western Development20.打假【答案】anti-fraud campaign;rack down on counterfeit goods21.反腐倡廉【答案】combat corruption and build a clean government十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台圣才电子书22.黑客【答案】hacker23.和平过渡【答案】peaceful transition24.市场准入【答案】market access25.网民【答案】netizen26.工业园区【答案】industrial park27.绿色食品【答案】green food28.泡沫经济【答案】bubble economy29.脱口秀【答案】talk show30.素质教育【答案】quality-oriented education;education for all-round developmentII.Sentence translation1.The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June15.【答案】卖方须在6月15日前将货交给买方。
2014年考研英语(一)真题及答案解析
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)As many people hit middle age,they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be.We suddenly can’t remember1we put the keys just a moment ago,or an old acquaintance’s name,or the name of an old band we used to love.As the brain2,we refer to these occurrences as“senior moments.”3seemingly innocent,this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n)4impact on our professional, social,and personal5.Neuroscientists,experts who study the nervous system,are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done.It6out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do,and the right mental7can significantly improve our basic cognitive8. Thinking is essentially a9of making connections in the brain.To a certain extent,our ability to10in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.11, because these connections are made through effort and practice,scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate12mental effort.Now,a new Web-based company has taken it a step13and developed the first“brain training program”designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental14.The Web-based program15you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills.The program keeps16of your progress and provides detailed feedback17your performance and improvement.Most importantly,it18modifies and enhances the games you play to19on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n)20exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.[A]where[B]when[C]that[D]why2.[A]improves[B]fades[C]recovers[D]collapses3.[A]If[B]Unless[C]Once[D]While4.[A]uneven[B]limited[C]damaging[D]obscure5.[A]wellbeing[B]environment[C]relationship[D]outlook6.[A]turns[B]finds[C]points[D]figures7.[A]roundabouts[B]responses[C]workouts[D]associations8.[A]genre[B]functions[C]circumstances[D]criterion9.[A]channel[B]condition[C]sequence[D]process10.[A]persist[B]believe[C]excel[D]feature11.[A]Therefore[B]Moreover[C]Otherwise[D]However12.[A]according to[B]regardless of[C]apart from[D]instead of13.[A]back[B]further[C]aside[D]around14.[A]sharpness[B]stability[C]framework[D]flexibility15.[A]forces[B]reminds[C]hurries[D]allows16.[A]hold[B]track[C]order[D]pace17.[A]to[B]with[C]for[D]on18.[A]irregularly[B]habitually[C]constantly[D]unusually19.[A]carry[B]put[C]build[D]take20.[A]risky[B]effective[C]idle[D]familiarSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1In order to“change lives for the better”and reduce“dependency”George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer,introduced the“upfront work search”scheme.Only if the jobless arrive at the job centre with a CV,register for online job search,and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly.What could be more reasonable?More apparent reasonableness followed.There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance.“Those first few days should be spent looking for work,not looking to sign on.”he claimed.“We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.”Help?Really?On first hearing,this was the socially concerned chancellor,trying to change lives for the better,complete with“reforms”to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidizes laziness.What motivated him,we were to understand,was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”—protecting the taxpayer,controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.Losing a job is hurting:you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state.It is financially terrifying,psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get.You are now not wanted;you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get.You are now not wanted;you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life.Worse,the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared.Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always:a job.But in Osborneland,your first instinct is to fall into dependency—permanent dependency if you can get it—supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood.It is as though20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk ofunemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens.Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance”is about redefining the unemployed as a“jobseeker”who had no fundamental right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions.Instead,the claimant receives a time-limited“allowance,”conditional on actively seeking a job;no entitlement and no insurance,at£71.70a week,one of the least generous in the EU.21.George Osborne’s scheme was intended to.[A]provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits[B]encourage jobseekers’active engagement in job seeking[C]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily[D]guarantee jobseekers’legitimate right to benefits22.The phrase,“to sign on”(Line3,Para.2)most probably means.[A]to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre[B]to accept the government’s restrictions on the allowance[C]to register for an allowance from the government[D]to attend a governmental job-training program23.What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme?[A]A desire to secure a better life for all.[B]An eagerness to protect the unemployed.[C]An urge to be generous to the claimants.[D]A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.24.According to Paragraph3,being unemployed makes one feel.[A]uneasy[B]enraged[C]insulted[D]guilty25.To which of the following would the author most probably agree?[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’laziness.[B]Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.[C]The jobseekers’allowance has met their actual needs.[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.Text2All around the world,lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this.One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is justone path for a lawyer in most American states:a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of200law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with$100,000of debt on top of undergraduate w-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work,and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.Sensible ideas have been around for a long time,but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer,those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’efficiency.After all,other countries,such as Australia and Britain,have started liberalizing their legal professions.America should follow.26.A lot of students take up law as their profession due to.[A]the growing demand from clients[B]the increasing pressure of inflation[C]the prospect of working in big firms[D]the attraction of financial rewards27.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?[A]Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.[B]Admissions approval from the bar association.[C]Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.[D]Receiving training by professional associations.28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from.[A]lawyers’and clients’strong resistance[B]the rigid bodies governing the profession[C]the stem exam for would-be lawyers[D]non-professionals’sharp criticism29.The guild-like ownership structure is considered“restrictive”partly because it.[A]bans outsiders’involvement in the profession[B]keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares[C]aggravates the ethical situation in the trade[D]prevents lawyers from gaining due profits30.In this text,the author mainly discusses.[A]flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes[B]the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America[C]a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it[D]the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal educationText3The US$3-million Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment,as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March.And it is far from the only one of its type.As a News Feature article in Nature discusses,a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years.Many,like the Fundamental Physics Prize,are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs.These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields,they say,and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.What’s not to like?Quite a lot,according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature.You cannot buy class,as the old saying goes,and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobles,The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them,say scientists.They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research.They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research.They do not fund peer-reviewed research.They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism.Some want to shock,others to draw people into science,or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.As Nature has pointed out before,there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed.The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences,launched this year,takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include.But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize,each of whom must still be living,has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson.The Nobles were,of course,themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money.Time,rather than intention,has given them legitimacy.As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards,two things seem clear.First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one.Second,it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere,It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research,after all—but it is the prize-givers’money to do with as they please.It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.31.The Fundamental Physics Prize is seen as.[A]a symbol of the entrepreneurs’wealth[B]a possible replacement of the Nobel Prizes[C]an example of bankers’investments[D]a handsome reward for researchers32.The critics think that the new awards will most benefit.[A]the profit-oriented scientists[B]the founders of the new awards[C]the achievement-based system[D]peer-review-led research33.The discovery of the Higgs boson is atypical case which involves.[A]controversies over the recipients’status[B]the joint effort of modern researchers[C]legitimate concerns over the new prizes[D]the demonstration of research findings34.According to Paragraph4,which of the following is true of the Nobles?[A]Their endurance has done justice to them.[B]Their legitimacy has long been in dispute.[C]They are the most representative honor.[D]History has never cast doubt on them.35.The author believes that the now awards are.[A]acceptable despite the criticism[B]harmful to the culture of research[C]subject to undesirable changes[D]unworthy of public attentionText4“The Heart of the Matter,”the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences(AAAS),deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America.Regrettably,however,the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In2010,leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by“federal,state and local governments,universities, foundations,educators,individual benefactors and others”to“maintain national excellence inhumanities and social scientific scholarship and education.”In response,the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences.Among the commission’s51 members are top-tier-university presidents,scholars,lawyers,judges,and business executives,as well as prominent figures from diplomacy,filmmaking,music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable.Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry,the report supports full literacy;stresses the study of history and government,particularly American history and American government;and encourages the use of new digital technologies.To encourage innovation and competition,the report calls for increased investment in research,the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the21st century,increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages,international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.Unfortunately,despite2½years in the making,“The Heart of the Matter”never gets to the heart of the matter:the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits.Sadly,the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing“progressive,”or left-liberal propaganda.Today,professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine,and sometimes legitimate,intellectual investigation.The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education.Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.36.According to Paragraph1,what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?[A]Critical[B]Appreciative[C]Contemptuous[D]Tolerant37.Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to.[A]retain people’s interest in liberal education[B]define the government’s role in education[C]keep a leading position in liberal education[D]safeguard individuals’rights to education38.According to Paragraph3,the report suggests.[A]an exclusive study of American history[B]a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects[C]the application of emerging technologies[D]funding for the study of foreign languages39.The author implies in Paragraph5that professors are.[A]supportive of free markets[B]cautious about intellectual investigation[C]conservative about public policy[D]biased against classical liberal ideas40.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Ways to Grasp“The Heart of the Matter”[B]Illiberal Education and“The Heart of the Matter”[C]The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education[D]Progressive Policy vs.Liberal EducationPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For Questions41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes.Paragraphs And E have been correctly placed Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET(10points)[A]Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable—for example,the Parthenon in Athens,Greece,the pyramids of Giza in Egypt;and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England.But these sites are exceptions to the norm.Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching,while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge,an early hominid site in Tanzania,was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in1911.Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the1970s.[B]In another case,American archaeologists RenéMillion and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City.At its peak around AD600,this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world.The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas,but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.[C]How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground?Typically,they survey and sample(make test excavations on)large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.[D]Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes.In one case,many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copan,Honduras,have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot.The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD500and850,when Copan collapsed.[E]To find their sites,archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques.Airborne technologies,such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft,allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging.Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features,such as ancient buildings or fields.[F]Most archaeological sites,however,are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them.Such searches can take years.British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamen existed from information found in other sites.Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before he located the tomb in1922. In the late1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evan combed antique dealers’stores in Athens, Greece.He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the1400s to1200s BC.Evans’s interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos(Knossós)on the island of Crete,in1900.[G]Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking,looking for surface clues such as small fragmentsof pottery.They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape.Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar,magnetic-field recording,and metal detectors.Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites.Two and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations,illustrating how sites look,and presenting the results of archaeological research.41.→A→42.→E→43.→44.→45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life.It might be poetic,philosophical,sensual,or mathematical,but in any case it must,in my view,have something to do with the soul of the human being.Hence it is metaphysical;but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical:sound.I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music.(46)It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words,all we can do is articulate our reactions to it,and not grasp music itself.Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions.He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity.The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected,as in the last piano sonata.In musical expression,he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention.(47)By all accounts he was a freethinking person,and a courageous one,and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding,let alone the performance,of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music.His compositions demand the performer to show courage,for example in the use of dynamics.(48)Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word.He was not interested in daily politics,but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.(49)Especially significant was his view of freedom,which,for him,was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence.For him,order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence;order is a necessary development,an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation.It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Erotica Symphony,but the second,so that suffering does not have the last word.(50)One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable,but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.SectionⅢWritingPart ADirections:Write a letter of about100words to the president of your university,suggesting how to improve stu -dents’physical condition.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following drawing.In your essay,you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)interpret its intended meaning,and3)give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)2014年全真试题答案Section I Use of English1.A2.B3.D4.C5.A6.A7.C8.B9.D10.C11.D12.A13.B14.A15.D16.B17.D18.C19.C20.BSection II Reading ComprehensionPart AText121.B22.C23.D24.A25.DText226.D27.C28.B29.A30.CText331.D32.B33.B34.A35.AText436.A37C38.C39.D40.BPart B41.C42.F43.G44.D45.BPart C46.这就是为什么当我们尝试用语言来描述音乐时，我们能做的只是清楚地表达对音乐的反应，却不能领会音乐的精髓。
南京大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解
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目 录2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part O e: Proof ReadingThe following sentences contain some errors. Copy and edit them on your answer sheet. (1.5×10) 1．An important information I got from her is our teacher’s new marriage.2．She had a lot of difficulty with the long vowel /ei/, so I taught her how to pronounce.3．The tutor asked the pupils: “How to write an essay on your mother?”4．The volleyball players of our department went through very tough training for a whole semester and finally win the championship of the university.5．I felt frustrated and wondered why my English wasn’t improved even after having watched many movies and read many books.6．The news of the H1N1 flu worried the headmaster, but another news was upbeat: so far, everyone in his school was healthy.7．All of us in the class would like to become a teacher in the future.8．In high school, we had to take many classes, Chinese, English, physics, chemistry, mathematics and history and so on.9．The students found it dissatisfied that their hard work was not rewarded or recognized. 10．The university attaches great importance to teacher’s research and publications.【答案与解析】1．An: The（information为不可数名词，因此将An改为The。
南京大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2012年_真题-无答案
南京大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2012年(总分149,考试时间90分钟)ⅠDirections: Translate the following abbreviations, terminology, words or underlined words into their target languages respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each.1. 不可再生资源2. 泡沫经济3. 通货紧缩4. 财政赤字5. 参政议政6. 人才流失7. 扶贫8. 春蕾计划9. 按揭贷款10. 网民11. 用户在技术交流时，向贵方专家提出了许多问题。
12. 中国的经济是一个大问题，各级导务必优先考虑。
13. 一座大厦如果有了白蚁，不加防治，不到十年时间，里面的地板就会被蛀蚀一空。
14. 我们要有一个农、林、牧、副、渔布局合理，全面发展，能够满足人民生活和工业发展需要的发达的农业。
15. EU16. IMF17. APEC18. YOG19. FIFA20. ISBN21. sovereign credit rating22. webcasting23. no smoke without fire24. look for a needle in a haystack25. In the negative, right and left, and black and white are reversed.26. Last December, Washington Post first reported that investigations were being made in each of the cities, but officials refused to confirm the story.27. Slowly, Apollo Ⅱ began to rise. The sound of the liftoff overwhelmed the screams of millions of spectators, many of whom now called in unison, "Go! Go! Go! Go!"28. I had been overwhelmed by her beauty and her smile.29. She tried to right her husband from the charge of bribery.ⅡDirections: Translate the following two source texts into their target languages respectively. If the source text is in English, its target languages is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target languages is English.1. When scientists evaluate the connection between tornadoes and climate change, there are two big questions they"re asking: First, are the 2011 tornadoes part of a trend? Has tornado activity changed along with rising global temperatures so far? Second, scientists ask whether the factors that create tornadoes have been affected by climate change and whether those factors are likely to be affected in the future.For one thing, our data on tornado trends are imperfect. At first glance, you might think the number of tornadoes has increased since the 1990s. But most of that is actually the result of more public awareness and better reporting and technology, improving our ability to spot smaller, weaker tornadoes and to notice tornadoes in places where few people live. Bad datum means that we can"t reliably say whether tornado counts are increasing.There are many things that can affect the factors that make tornadoes more likely. Scientists have found that climate change is something that can affect tornado conditions. But when they looked at data for the past 30 years" worth of Aprils in the Mississippi Valley, they don"t see evidence of any trends that would mean tornado weather is already becoming more frequent.Because of that, it would be problematic to claim that the recent spate of tornadoes in the Southeast was caused by climate change. But that"s not the same as saying tornadoes can"t be caused by climate change. It"s not the same as saying that climate change isn"t a contributing factor. Or that tornadoes won"t be caused by climate change in the future. It"s not even the same as saying that, years from now, with better data and technology, we won"t look back and see a trend happening that isn"t obvious today. The big question—are tornadoes caused by climate change?—is made up of lots of little questions. And we don"t know all the answers to the little questions yet.2. 有时候，在工作中重要的是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。
2014年1月南京师范大学翻译硕士专业--英语翻译基础试卷
2014年1月南京师范大学翻译硕士专业英语翻译基础试卷（满分150分）一、词语解释（共30分）1.API2.CBD3.FOB4.BBS5.OTC6.EEC7.MITmunity-level democracy10.pairing-assiatance11.without imposing a single soulution12.consume to take up provisional post in13.advantages of a late comer:14.greenery coverage:15.designated driver:16.蜗居：17.团购优惠券:18.忧患意识:19.地沟油：20．小产权房：21.农家乐：22.盲目投资：23.工伤保险：24.公务用车25.生态移民26.地王27.信访办28.解决民生问题：29.事业编制：30.加强党性修养：二、翻译英译中（60分）（博主查后，发现此文是中央广播电视大学2003—2004学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试英语专业跨文化交际试题）No Englishman believes in working from book learning. He suspects all theories, philosophical or other. He suspects everything new, and dislikes it, unless he can be compelled by the force of circumstances to see that this new thing has advantages over the old. Race-experience is what he invariably depends upon, whenever he can, whether in India, in Egypt, or in Australia. His statesmen do not consult historical precedents in order to decide what to do: they first learn the facts as they are; then they depend upon their own common sense, not at all upon theiruniversity learning or upon philosophical theories. And in the case of the English nation, it must be acknowledged that this instinctive method has been eminently successful.The last people from whom praise can be expected, even for what is worthy of all praise, are the English. A new friendship, a new ideal, a reform, a noble action, a wonderful poem, an exquisite painting -- any of these things will be admired and praised by every other people in Europe long before you can get Englishmen to praise. The Englishman all this time is studying, considering, trying to find fault. Why should he try to find fault? So that he will not make any mistakes at a later day. He has inherited the terrible caution of his ancestors in regard to mistakes. It must be granted that his caution has saved him from a number of very serious mistakes that other nations have made. It must also be acknowledged that he exercises a fair amount of moderation in the opposite direction -- his modern Englishman; he has learned caution of another kind, which his ancestors taught him. "Power should be used with moderation; for whoever finds himself among valiant men will discover that no man is peerless." And this is a very important thing for the strong man to know -- that however strong, he cannot be the strongest; his match will be found when occasion demands it. Not only Scandinavian but English rulers have often discovered this fact to their cost.三、翻译中译英（60分）消费行为和生活方式看似小事，实则是全社会的大问题，每时每刻都会对资源环境产生直接影响，同时也会间接影响生产方式。
翻译硕士《翻译硕士英语》考研名校考研真题库
翻译硕士《翻译硕士英语》考研名校考研真题库第一部分真题类型：一、虚拟语气、定语从句、状语从句二、倒装句、强调句、独立结构三、同位语从句、反意疑问句题1. Since the development of an effective vaccine in 1963, measles _____ much less frequent.A. becameB. becomesC. has becomeD. have become【答案】C查看答案【解析】状语从句或短语用since引导时，主句一般用完成时。
measles 麻疹，形式是复数，实际是单数。
题3. Perhaps I should not have done so, but I changed my mind about the new job even though I was _____ last week.A. to be startedB. to have startedC. to have been startingD. start【答案】B查看答案【解析】过去将来完成时，表示未完成的计划。
题5. The operetta first _____ as a popular form of musical theater in the nineteenth century.A. to emergeB. emergingC. had emergedD. emerged【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：19世纪小歌剧最初以流行音乐剧院形式出现。
本句陈述的是过去发生事实，用一般过去式。
题6. The pollution problem as well as several other issues _____ to be discussed when the Congress is in session next spring.A. are goingB. were goingC. was goingD. is going【答案】D查看答案【解析】句子主语是the pollution problem，谓语动词用单数。