高三英语一轮复习语法(非谓语动词)归纳
人教版高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题 专题二 专题二 非谓语动词
2.现在分词作定语 当该动词与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或用来表示被修饰的名词的用 途时,用现在分词形式。 The lecture,starting at 7:00 pm last night,was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. 始于昨天晚上7点的这次演讲,紧跟在用望远镜对月球进行观测之后。 [名师点津]被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表正在进行时,用现在 分词的被动式作定语,表示该动作的被动和进行。
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知design在句中应用非谓语动词 形式,与逻辑主语buildings构成被动关系,故应用过去分词作定语。故填 designed。
3.But the results support existing healthy eating advice to limit (limit) red
作原因状语,此时常与表示情感的形 I was frightened to find that in front of
容词连用,如
my door sat a dog.
glad,happy,frightened,surprised 等。 我惊恐地发现门前坐着一只狗。
2.分词作状语 用法
现在分词短语作状语,常表原因、 伴随、时间、结果等,与句子主语 之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
用法
例句
某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,且往
往用于一些系表结构中,此时这些过去分 词既不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示
Absorbed in
his book,he didn’t
一种状态,如lost(迷路的),seated(坐着的), hidden(隐瞒的),lost/absorbed in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着……的),tired of(对……感
高考英语：非谓语动词考点精华讲义
高考英语：非谓语动词考点精华讲义高三的一轮复习已经进行了一大半，许多同学做题依然错误百出，其中一个重要原因是不能看懂句子结构，甚至分不清谓语动词和非谓语动词。
今天分享一下我总结的非谓语动词复习讲义，希望能够帮助大家更好地掌握这一重要的语法专题。
一、分类：动词不定式、动词-ing形式、动词的过去分词总的特点：1.非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句主语保持一致。
2.Doing/T o do (sth.)+单数V : 非谓语动词作主语，谓语用单数。
二、动词不定式1、特点：表将来2、形式：①基本型：to+动词原形（do）。
②被动式：to be done ③完成时:to have done ④进行时：to be doing3、句子功能：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语（宾补）Eg: ①To catch the early train, you`ll have to get up early.(目的状语)②I rushed there in a taxi only to find the library closed.(结果状语：意外结果)。
③This is very good music to dance to.(定语)④It is necessary to learn English well.(主语，it 为形式主语)4、不定式的省略1）（为了避免重复）并列结构中第二个to：I want to get up early and read English.例外：前后表对比时，to不可省去:To be or not to be ,that is the question.It is better to lose one’s life than to lose one’s spirit.2) （为了避免重复）省去to后的不定式结构：—Would you liketo go shopping?—Yes,I`d like to.例外：to后有have/be时，保留be或have—Did you go shopping yesterday? —No, but I ought to have.5、不定式主动形式表被动意义1）主(sth)+ be + 主补/表语（表性质的adj. + to do）2) 主＋Vt + 宾语 + 宾补（adj.+ to do)3) 主 + Vt+ 宾语+定语(to do): 不定式作定语与所修饰的名词（代词）构成逻辑动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
高三英语一轮复习 语法(非谓语动词)归纳
语法（非谓语动词）I. 动词不定式和动名词的构成形式动词不定式是由“ to + 动词原形”构成；动名词由动词+ing构成。
主动式有：一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式；II. 动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解一．做主语⒈不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
如：①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb + some time + to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等；在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。
在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。
高三英语一轮语法复习之非谓语动词写作指导讲义
非谓语动词写作指导第一局部：非谓语动词在剧中所做成分一、非谓语动词作状语George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.乔治战后归来，却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。
One evening Harry phoned me, asking me to come to his flat as soon as possible.一天晚上哈里给我打，要求我尽快去他家。
Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital immediately.因为受伤较重，他得被立即送往医院。
二、非谓语动词作宾语She pretended not to see me when I passed by.当我经过时，她假装没看见我。
I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里所看到的一切。
三、非谓语动词作宾补I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.我抬头看，注意到一条蛇正沿树蜿蜒而上，捕捉它的早餐。
I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much.发现我的家乡变化如此之大我感到很惊奇。
I saw him go upstairs.我看到他上楼了。
四、非谓语动词作定语Laura was away in Paris fbr over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail waitingfor her.劳拉去巴黎待了一周多的时间。
非谓语动词扩展形态知识点总结讲义-高三英语高考一轮复习语法专题
2024届高三英语高考一轮复习【语法专题】非谓语动词扩展形态知识点总结（讲义）六种扩展形态being done / to be donehaving done / having been doneto have done / to have been done这个形态描述的是一种生动形象的场景感，比如下面的句子：The silence of the library is sometimes broken by a sudden cough or the sound of pages being turned.being turned描述书页正在被翻，而书页只有正在被翻的时候才会有声音，才符合句意，整个句子描述一个图书馆的场景，不知道各位能不能体会到。
除了这个基本用法以外，being done还有可能出现在主语或宾语的位置上，这个时候它不描述“正在被”，只是单纯的doing动名词的被动形式而已。
例如：Being educated in a top-level university abroad is what many students wish for.（主语）The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without being recognized.（宾语）比较简单的一个形态，就是to do的被动形式而已。
需要特别注意的是，to be done在考试里会涉及到和to do区分的情况，比如：With some books to buy, he went into the bookstore on the way home.这里如果按照规则分析，书应该是被买，所以貌似写成with some books to be bought才合理。
类似的例子还有：With some urgent business to attend to, Mr. Smith has decided to put off his journey to Paris.紧急的事务应该是被参与，是不是应该写成with some urgent business to be attended to？答案当然是否定的。
2023届高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破非谓语动词：现在分词语法考点总结讲义
高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破非谓语动词：现在分词语法考点总结得语法者得天下，高考英语处处离不开英语语法知识，词汇是基础，那么语法则是通往高分的阶梯，掌握好英语语法的核心知识，解答高考英语题目则会游刃有余。
本校高中英语教研组精心整理了该套语法专项突破讲义，适合高考英语一轮复习使用，希望同学们好好利用。
明年六月，金榜题名！分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词，具有形容词功能，同时又表现各种动词性特点，在句子中可以作状语，表语，宾补，定语等，用途非常广泛，分为现在分词和过去分词两种，是一种非谓语动词形式，分词可以有自己的状语，宾语，逻辑主语。
一、定义现在分词（present participle）（又称-ing形式，现在进行时），是分词的一种，在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表语，补语，状语），并且它们具有动词的性质，所以又是类动词的一种。
二、特征和功能一面具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语；另一面具有形容词和副词的特征，可以充当表语，定语，状语，补足语，可以表示主动或正在进行的动作。
三、垂悬结构现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应该与句子的主语一致，但有时现在分词的主语与其所在句中的主语并不一致，这种现在分词即所谓的垂悬现在分词。
垂悬现在分词容易使句意模糊，甚至造成歧义，因而通常被认为是不合规范或错误的用法，例如：不论是走路或睡觉，我总是在想着这个问题。
Walking or sleeping，this subject was always in my mind.---->walking or sleeping 的逻辑主语是句中的my应改为：Walking or sleeping, I was always thinking of the subject.在爬山时，探险家们看见几头野猪。
Climbing up the hill, several boars were seen.应改为：Climbing up the hill, the explorers saw several boars.四、两个基本特点1、在时间上，表示动作正在进行。
高中英语一轮复习非谓语动词讲义
非谓语动词 1.知道非谓语和谓语之间的区别2.掌握ing 、done 、to do 的不同用法3. .了解非谓语在句子都能做什么成分 [解读要点]（状语、定语、宾语、宾补、主语、表语）Many Chinese brands ，having developed their reputations over centuries ，are facing new challenges from the modern market.很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。
There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题仍需要解决。
[先试做题组]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save (save) their valuable time.2．The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment ， to allow (allow) more patients to be treated.[再解读要点]1．不定式作状语（to do ）作目的状语，可用in order to 替换，意为“为了；想要”。
To make it easier to get in touch with us ，you 'd better keep this card at hand.为了便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。
2．分词作状语非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。
现在分词（doing ）作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
语法非谓语动词复习课件-2023届高三英语一轮复习
完成式
To have done
She pretended to have read the novel.（表示主动）
To have been done
不要看到done就很激动，认为 有done就是被动语态，be和 done同时存在才表示被动。
完成式表示不定式动作发生在谓 语动作之前。
Sb/sth be seen to do 变为被动补充to（某人被看 见做······）
I see her singing the song. 我看到她正在唱歌。 She is seen singing the song by me.
I see the song sang be her. 看到那首歌被他唱。 I see him beaten. 看到他被打。
用法
例句
说明
补足语 We all found his
作宾补的现在分词与宾
（宾补； argument convincing 语逻辑上是主动关系，
主补） and interesting.
表示宾语的性质或状态。
I heard Tom arguing 还是那些词，经常接宾 with someone else. 补的词
不定式的基本形式：to do 不定式的否定形式：not to do
注意：to还可能是一个介词， 当to是介词时，后面接ing 形式。
To doing To do
To后接doing To后接动词原形
To是介词
To是非谓语不定 式的一部分
不定式的时态和语态
语态 时态
主动语态
一般式
To do
不定H式e的pr一et般en式d表ed示not to see us.
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语法（非谓语动词）I. 动词不定式和动名词的构成形式动词不定式是由“ to + 动词原形”构成；动名词由动词+ing构成。
主动式有：一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式；被动式有：一般式、进行式和完成式。
时态主动被动语态动词不定式to do to be done一般式动名词doing being done动词不定式to be doing to be being done 进形式动名词doing being done动词不定式to have done to have been done 完成式动名词having done having been done动词不定式to have been doing完成进形式动名词having been doingII. 动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解一．做主语⒈不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
如：①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb + some time + to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of anhour.④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult, easy, hard, important,impossible, necessary 等；在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。
在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。
这一句式有时相当于Sb is ＋形容词＋to do句式，如：It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.⒉动名词做主语Learning without practice is no good.动名词做主语时，也常用It句式。
如：①It's +no good(no use, fun, a pleasure, a waste of time)+doing… It's no good reading in dim light.It's no use sitting here waiting.②It's＋形容词＋doingIt's dangerous swimming in the sea in windy days.这样用的形容词有expensive, nice, tiring等，但important, necessary则不适用于这种结构，应用不定式代替，如：It's important for you to keep fit.③There is no + doingThere is no saying what will happen next.There is no denying that he has stolen the bike.在这一结构中，动名词后常带宾语，相当于"It's impossible to…"结构。
⒊动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作，常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作，经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。
如：It's no good eating too much fat.It's no good for you to eat so much fat.②动名词结构作主语，可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语。
如：It's no use your pretending that you didn't know the rules.二、作宾语⒈不定式作宾语①以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。
如：agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail ,help, hope, lean, long,manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等，这些词大部分可接that引导的从句。
如：I decided to ask for my money back.I decided that I would ask for my money back.When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot.When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start backon foot.②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。
如：We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.He feels it his duty to help the poor.③介词but, except, besides + to do(do)在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to 不定式，即带do不带to，带to不带do。
如：The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.⒉动名词作宾语①以下动词后，只能接动名词作宾语，如：admit, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, save, suggest,don't mind, give up, insist on, put off等。
如：I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town.You must give up smoking, for it does too much harm to your health.②动名词作介词的宾语I should go to attend the birthday celebration instead of staying at home.What about inviting Li Jun to make a speech?动名词前的介词有时可以省略，如：have difficulty(in) doing, have notrouble(in) doing, lose no time (in) doing, prevent/stop…(from)doing, there is no use(in)doing等。
⒊部分动词后面，既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。
如：begin, continue, start, hate, like, love, need, require, want等。
在need, require, want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被动形式，如：Your handwriting needs improving (to be improved). hate, love, like接不定式表示特定的未来事件，接动名词表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为。
在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：①hate, like, love前有would(should)时，如：I'd like to have a cup of coffee.②当谓语动词begin, continue, start等是进行式时，如：The students are starting to work on the difficult math problem.③begin, continue, start与know, understand等状态动词连用时，如：I soon began to understand what was happening.⒋advise, allow, encourage, forbid, permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或带不定式作宾语补足语。
如：Our teachers don't permit our swimming in the lake.Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.⒌部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。
①forget, remember, regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。
如：Don't forget to post the letter for me.Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?Remember to close the windows before you leave.I remember writing him a letter a year ago.We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited to attend the meeting.They regretted ordering these books from abroad.②mean to do 打算做某事mean doing 意味着……I meant to catch up with the early bus.This means wasting a lot of money.③try to do 设法尽力做某事try doing 试着做某事You should try to overcome your shortcomings.Try working out the physics problem in another way.④stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）stop doing 停止做某事On the way to the airport, I stopped to buy a paper.You'd better stop arguing and do as you are told.⑤can't help doing 禁不住……can’t help to do不能帮助干……They couldn't help jumping up at the news.Sorry I have lots of work to do. So I can't help to make up the room for you.⑥go on to do 做不同的事或不同内容的事go on doing 继续不停地做某事，指同一动作的继续He went on to talk about world situation.他接着又谈了世界形势。