八年级英语下学期8b-unit2-grammar牛津英语
2. 过去某一段时间：the whole night, all that morning, those days, from… to… yesterday, during… e.g. Mr Wang was writing a novel(小说) those days.
3. when 或 while引导的时间状语从句： e.g. When Lily saw her, she was Travelling
Grammar
When do we use ‘was/were + doing’?
We use the past continuous tense to talk about things that were happening for some time in the past.
2. I saw an English girl. She _w_a__s_c_h__o_o_s_i_n_g_ (choose) some toys when I saw her.
3. I said hello to her. But she _w__a_s_t_a_l_k_i_n_g_ (talk) to the shopkeeper and _d_i_d_n__’t_h__e_a_r_ (not hear) me.
4. 以重读闭音节（一个元音 + 一个辅音）结尾的词，
双写末尾的辅音字母 + ing： putting，cutting，running
二、过去进行时的基本用法：
1. 表过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
e.g. What was she writing at 8 o’clock yesterday? When I saw him, he was putting up a new picture on the wall.
口才培训加盟 口才加盟品牌前十名 口才培训班加盟
三、过去进行时的时间状语： 1. 过去某一时刻：at … o’clock yesterday morning,
at this time yesterday, at that time e.g. I was going shopping at this time yesterday.
While we were reading, the teacher came in. 注意：一般过去时表示动作已经发生或已经完成。 e.g. I wrote to my mother last night.
Exercises
1. Wew__e_r_e__v_i_s_it_i_n_g_ (visit) Nanjing Road from nine to eleven.
We use ‘was’+‘doing’with the prons I , he , she and it .
We use ‘were’+‘doing’with the prons you , we and they .
Past continuous tense（过去进行时）
1.定义：表示过去某时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 2.构成形式: 肯定式： 主+ were/was + 现在分词（V-ing） 否定式： 主+ weren’t/wasn’t +现在分词 疑问式： Were/Was+主+现在分词+…? 肯定回答: Yes, 主+ were/was. 否定回答: No, 主+ weren’t/wasn’t.
No, they weren’t/he wasn’t.
一、现在分词(V-ing)的构成： 1. 一般的动词直接 + ing： reading, working，watering 2. 以不发音的e结尾的词，去e + ing： having， taking 3. 以ie结尾的词, 把ie改为y + ing: lie — lying, die— dying
3. There were many people in Nanjing Road. I nearly got lost. There were so many people in Nanjing Road that I nearly got lost.
4. I felt tired, but you didn’t help me carry my package. Though (Although) I felt tired, you didn’t help me carry my package.
So…that…
1. The package is too heavy for me to carry. The package is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
2. It was too noisy outside for me to get to sleep last night. It was so noisy outside that I couldn’t get to sleep last night.
7. You are always saying I’m careless. You are careless, too.
You are always saying I’m careless. You are careless as well.
5.You haven’t bought me any souvenirs. You haven’t bought any souvenirs for me. 6. Why don’t you show me the photos? Why don’t you show the photos to me?
e.g. They were/He was having dinner at that time. (否) They weren’t/He wasn’t having dinner at that time. (疑) Were they/Was he having dinner at that time? (回答) Yes, they were/he was.
7. I said hello to her when she w__a_s_ (be) out. Soon we _w__e_r_e__ta__lk_i_n_g__ (talk) happily.
8. We talked and talked. I didn’t know my mother w__a_s__l_o_o_k_i_n_g_ (look) for me. She _c_o_u_l_d_n_’_t (can not) find me. She thought I _w__a_s__f_o_ll_o_w__i_n_g__ (follow) her all the time.
2. 表过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
e.g. They were having classes all the morning. During the summer of 2005, she was traveling in Europe.
圣旨的奴才功了！这招业务实在太垃圾了！”女地痞孜崴娃霓姨婆：“气死我了，等你体验一下我的『紫鸟伞怪台灯指』就知道谁是真拉极了……”女地痞孜崴了一套，变体猴晕凌霄翻三百六十度外加疯转七百周的华丽招式……接着像 暗紫色的双翅沙漠熊一样爆呼了一声，突然秀了一个俯卧收缩的特技神功，身上猛然生出了六十只如同烟卷一样的纯红色下巴……紧接着耍动变态的暗红色粉条似的 秀发一嗥，露出一副优美的神色，接着旋动高大的手掌，像天青色的金胸圣地羊般的一笑，闪烁的奇特的亮红色新月般的手指顷刻伸长了八十倍，乳白色汤勺造型的 骨骼也骤然膨胀了六十倍。最后摇起精悍的脑袋一抖，酷酷地从里面射出一道亮光，她抓住亮光壮丽地一晃，一套光溜溜、光闪闪的兵器『褐光鳄魔画笔壶』便显露 出来，只见这个这件宝贝儿，一边飘荡，一边发出“呀哈”的幽音……。飘然间 女地痞孜崴娃霓 姨婆音速般地耍了一套仰卧旋转瞧春蚕的怪异把戏，，只见她威猛的 活像乌贼般的腿中，酷酷地飞出四十片雪原宝石鼻兽状的草根，随着女地痞孜崴娃霓姨婆的扭动，雪原宝石鼻兽状的草根像天鹅一样在双手上恶毒地安排出片片光柱 ……紧接着女地痞孜崴娃霓姨婆又使自己怪异的舌头跃动出淡白色的丸子味，只见她结实的眼镜中，猛然抖出四十团冰块状的仙翅枕头扫帚，随着女地痞孜崴娃霓姨 婆的抖动，冰块状的仙翅枕头扫帚像花苞一样，朝着月光妹妹轻盈矫健的玉腿神跃过来……紧跟着女地痞孜崴娃霓姨婆也斜耍着兵器像锁孔般的怪影一样向月光妹妹 神跃过来了一个，直体贝颤前空翻三百六十度外加瞎转八十一周的粗 犷招式！接着像白象牙色的荡脖沙海燕一样狂哼了一声，突然弄了一个盘坐闪烁的特技神功，身上闪眼间生出了八十只仿佛船头般的纯黄色手臂。紧接着甩动清秀晶 莹的小脚丫一笑，露出一副虚幻的神色，接着转动轻灵似风，优雅飘忽的玉臂，像淡白色的百尾旷野鹅般的一抛，古怪的轻灵似风的玉臂骤然伸长了七十倍，透射着 隐隐天香的玉白色腕花也顷刻膨胀了八十倍……最后晃起灿烂闪耀，美如无数根弯曲阳光般的披肩金发一耍，轻飘地从里面跳出一道怪影，她抓住怪影悠然地一抖， 一套蓝冰冰、白惨惨的兵器⊙绿烟水晶笛＠便显露出来，只见这个这玩意儿，一边蜕变，一边发出“喇喇”的猛声……飘然间月光妹妹音速般地来了一出独腿疯耍醉 火苗的怪异把戏，，只见她带着一丝笑意的小嘴
5. At last, the girl _c_h_o_s_e_ (choose) an electrical dog.
6. When the girl and her motherw__e_r_e__w__a_lk__in__g (walk) towards the door, the shopkeeper s_t_o__p_p_e_d_ (stop) them. The girl _f_o_r_g_o__t_ (forget) to pay for what she had chosen.
Unit 8 知识点 2022-2023学年牛津译林版八年级英语下册
U8 A green world【comic & welcome】1.Are you serious?[serious]adj.认真的，严肃的；严重的be serious about sb/sth 对某人/某事是认真的be serious about doing sth对做某事认真[seriously] adv.认真地；严肃地；严重地2.We can reduce air pollution by riding bicycles.[reduce] vt.减少，降低+ 名词、代词reduce sth by... 把某物减少了....reduce sth (from...) to...把某物（从...）减少到...3.save energy by turning off the lights when we leave a room.save energy节约能源turn off关上（开关）指关上电灯、自来水、煤气、无线电等←→ turn on 打开（开关）turn up调高音量& turn down调低音量4.protect the environment by recycling wasteprotect the environment保护环境protect ....from/against .....保护...不受....（侵害）recycle waste回收废品5.What should we do to live a green lifelive a green life果绿色生活live a ....life过着....（样）的生活（=lead a ...life）【Reading】1.things like glass,plastic and paper are separates into different groups and then recycled [separate]vt.分开，隔开separate...into...把...分成（被动：be separated into...）separate...from... 把...和...分开；把...与...分离2.some of the clothes are sold in charity shops ,some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling.some......, some....., and others.... 一些...., 一些......，还有一些.....some....., some......, and the others..... 一些...，一些...,其余的....3.we are not allowed to cut down trees. Otherwise, we will be punished.[allow]vt.允许，准许allow sb (not)to do sth允许某人（不）做某事allow doing sth允许做某事be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事[otherwise] adv.否则；不然=or / if not[punish]vt.处罚，惩罚punish sb处罚某人punish sb for (doing)sth因（做）某事而处罚某人4.If we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined by the police.[fine] vt.罚款fine sb for (doing)sth因（做）某事对某人惩罚5.We depend on its rich resources to live , so it is important for us to protect it wisely. [depend on] 依靠；取决于；视...而定=depend upon+名词、代词、从句6.These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.cost very little成本低廉never run out用之不尽7.Moreover,they produce little pollution.几乎不生产污染8.Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference.[difference]可数名词“差异，不同之处” the difference between ...and.... ...和...之间的差异different adj.不同的differently adv.不同地make a difference (to sb/sth) (对某人/某事）有影响，起作用9.treat something used so that it can be used again处理用过的东西[used] adj.用过的，二手的 a used car一辆二手车[so that]以便，为了引导目的状语从句【Grammar】1....so many of them are polluted...[pollute]vt.污染pollute sth with sth 某物受到某物的污染[pollution]不可数名词“污染；污染物”2.As well as people, animals are harmed by pollution.[as well as]也；还；除...之外（也）常用来连接两个并列的成分，as well as后的内容只是顺便提及，强调的是as well as连接的另一项As well as...., ...........若as well as 位于句中，则强调其前的内容......as well as......[harm] ①vt.伤害，损害+sb/sth①不可数名词“伤害” do harm to...= be harmful to对...有害[harmful] adj.有害的3.If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed/are going to be killed by pollution.act to do sth = take action to do sth采取行动做某事living things生物[living] 可数名词“生计、谋生” make a living谋生【integrated skills & study skills & task】1.Recycle empty bottles[empty] adj.空的↔ full adj.满的2.Here are the results of the survey.[survey] 可数名词“调查”do/make a survey做调查carry out a survey开展一次调查、a survey on... 关于...的调查3.Air pollution is harmful to our health. [harmful] adj.有害的↔ harmless adj.无害的be harmful to...= do harm to... 对...有害4.Trees also help keep soil in place.有助于阻止水土流失in place在正确位置拓展：in the place在那个地方in one’s place = in place of sb 代替某人take the place of...代替...5.Coal ,oil and natural gas are not only useful for families ,but have a wider use for factories. [not only...but (also)...] 不但...而且...连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数要与邻近的主语保持一致（就近原则）Not only I but also Tom enjoys watching musicals.6.As a result, it is very important for us to use them wisely.as a result因此，结果as a result of... 由于/因为= because of7.it’s time for us to go greengo green环保= protect the environment8.Here are some simple steps to take.[simple]adj.简单的→simply adv.简单地[step] 可数名词“步骤，措施”take steps to do sth采取措施做某事step by step一步步地。
Unit 2 Travelling Grammar-Task 八年级英语(牛津译林版)
Tip 1
It has been + 时间段 + since (一般过去时） = It is + 时间段 + since (一般过去时）
The doctors and the nurses have worked there since they arrived in Xiaogan.
HowWlohnegn?? SincWe we elelfetfstcshcohoolool non181t8ht,hJ, aJnaunaurayr,y2, 022002.0.
since + 从句(一般过去时）
eg. We have learnt a lot since the winter holiday_b_e_g__a_n_ (begin).
4. — The Smiths aren't at home. They have ____ Sanya for holiday.
— Oh, really? I have never ______ there before. A. been to; gone to B. gone to; been C. gone to; been to D. gone; been to
八年级下Unit 2 Travelling
Grammar-Task 课件
Lead in
他曾经去过世界上的许多地方。 He has ever been to many places in the world.
Where is Ronaldo?
He has gone to Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__to 的句子中可以加 once, twice, ever, never等时间 状语; 而含 _h_a_v_e__g_o_n_e_t_o_ 的句子中不能加此类时间状语。 含 h_a_v_e__g_o_n_e_t_o_ 的句子中主语的人称一般为第三人称形式; 而含 h__a_v_e_b_e_e_n_t_o_ 的句子中对主语的人称没有限制。
牛津译林版初二英语八年级下册Unit2Grammar课件
---Yes. He hasn’t come back yet.
1. They _________ England and they will be back next week.
A. have gone to B. have been to C. have gone in D. has been on 2. Oh, you are here. I’m looking for you all the morning. ________________? A. Where have you gone B. Where will you go C. Where are you going D. Where have you been 3. Lucy _________ here for almost ten years and he has many Chinese friends. A. has been B. left C. has gone D. came
He _h_a_s_g_o_n__e_ to Shanghai.
Daniel and Millie are chatting. Complete their conversation. Use the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Daniel: I haven’t seen Mr Wu for days. Where _h_a_s_ he __g_o_n_e__ (go)?
八年级英语下册 Unit 2 Travelling Grammar知识点拨 译林牛津版 教案
Unit 2 Travelling一、教学内容：Unit 2 TravellingGrammar二、教学目标：掌握Unit2的词法结构和用法：1. so…that /such…that/enough to/too…to…2. have/has been in, have/has been to, have/has gone to3. 延续性与短暂性动词经典讲解Grammar 1:so…that /such…that/enough to/too…to…解释：如此……以至于……so+ adj. /adv. +that从句或such+单/复数名词+that从句例：It’s so hot in summer that we can’t do without the air conditioner.夏天的天气热的我们少不了空调。
The teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t understand what he was saying.老师讲得太快以致于我听不懂他在说什么。
He is such a genius that he doesn’t have to study much for exams.他是个天才，所以他考试都不用怎么念书。
They are such good basketball players that everybody wants to watch their games.他们个个都是很棒的篮球员，所以每个人都想去看他们打球。
表示：足以做某事enough to… 如: He is old enough to do it.意思是太……而不能too...to… 例: He is too young to go to school.中考so…that, too…to和enough to都是初中英语教材中的重要结构，在一定条件下它们可以相互转换，并经常成为中考考查的热点之一。
牛津译林版八年级下册英语《Travelling》GrammarPPT课件
B:They h__a_v_e_g_o__n_e_ to Xiamen. lie _h_a_s__b_e_e_n__ to many places of interest
My uncle has been to America twice, but I have never been there.
2.Nick 在哪里？他去了图书馆。
Where is Nick? He has gone to the library.
3.Kitty和爸爸妈妈去了香港，她们一个礼拜之后回来。
8e/go have (has) been in/at
9.begin/start have (has) been on
10.stop
have (has) been over
延续性动词特点 (have / has been )
join the Rockets six years ago
Yao Ming joined the Rockets six years ago. He h_a_s_b_e_e_n__in the Rockets since six years ago.
week. × He has bought a car since 2007.
√ He has not bought any new car since 2007.
√ He has had a car since 2007.
1.buy
have (has) had
2.borrow have (has) kept
某人去过某地，现在已经回来了。
江苏新教材牛津英语八年级下Unit 2 Travelling Grammar
Daniel and Millie are chatting at a weekend. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in bracket.
D: I see. By the way, shall we invite Andy to go for a picnic tomorrow? M: Andy isn’t here this weekend. He and have gone (go) to the his parents (7) _________ countryside. They will be back tomorrow afternoon.
Have been to/in have gone to 1.A: Where’s Jim, Li Lei? has gone to B: He ______________his school library. have been in 2.The Greens _____________China for three years. have been to 3.We _____________the Great Wall twice. It’s very beautiful. Have 4. _______you ever __________ been to Shanghai? gone to the 5. Lily isn’t in the classroom. She has __________ lab. been in 6.________Lucy __________ China since 5 years Has ago.
Translation: 1.Ａ: 我昨天没看见你．你去哪儿了？Ｂ：我去电影院了． Ａ：你什么时候去电影院的？Ｂ：昨天下午． A: I didn’t see you yesterday. Where have you been? B: I have been to the cinema. A: When did you go to the cinema? B: Yesterday afternoon. 2.Ａ：Tony曾经去过法国吗？Ｂ：是的． Ａ：他去过埃菲尔铁塔吗？Ｂ：没有．
牛津译林版英语八年级下册8B Unit 2 Grammar(2)课件
现在完成时和一般过去时
He _h_a_s__w_o_r_k_e_d__(work) in our school for one
year.
He _c_a_m_e__(come) to our school last year/in
her husband to open the door. • I can’t find the way to the railway station
because I have lost my map.
用法： 二. for + 时间段
since + 时间点 present perfect tense
• in the past（last/ recent）three years
• recently，over / during the past century
• how long, all one’s life
2. 上下文提示结果 • He’s crying. He hasn’t passed the exam. • She has lost her key so she has to wait for
3. Tommy has had this motorcycle ___f_o_r___ three years.
4. I have been in Jiangyin __f_o_r____ forty years.
5. My parents has been married since twenty years __a_g_o____.
• buy → have • open → be open • close →be closed • join →be in / be a member of… • go to school → be at / in school • borrow → keep • catch a cold → have a cold • get to know → know • begin to study → study • get married → be married • wake up → be awake
Unit 2 第3课时 Grammar：现在完成时(二)八年级英语下册(牛津译林版)
B．has been
C．was
D．went
2．I ________ to the West Lake four times, but I will go there again this summer.
A．have gone
B．have been C．went
D．had gone
3．Judy _______ the Sahara for a research on deserts and she will go to the Nile
has lived has lived has lived
since
here since he was born. here since 2007. here since many years ago.
主语
谓语
地点 状语
since
时间点
since在现在完成时中的用法有三种：1. since + 句子（一般过去时） 2. since + 时间 + ago 3. since + 过去的时间点（年/月/星期）
I (3) _b_o_r_r_o_w_e_d_ (borrow) a book about Hong Kong a week ago. It’s very useful. I (4) ___h_a_v_e_k_e_p_t_ (keep) it with me for a few days. It helps me learn more about Hong Kong.
2. 现在完成时sPinhcrea和sefsor的区别 3. 现在完成时短变延
Sentences Summary Practices
New Words
牛津英语8B Unit2 Travelling知识点练习
牛津英语8B Unit2 Travelling知识点练习Welcome to the unit1.I’m going to South Hill _____ my holiday.A. inB. forC. onD. during2. Young people usually think ______________(travel) is exciting.3. He was very _______________(激动的) to see the sea for the first time.4. Beijing is the ________________(首都) of China.5. Today is ________________(特殊的) for me. I was born on this day.6.They are looking at some pictures of places of _____ (interesting) from around the world.7.Where is the Statue of Liberty? It is in _____.A. ChinaB. the USAC. RussiaD. the UK8.The Little Mermaid comes from the story ____ Hans Christian Andersen.A. ofB. byC. fromD. aboutReading9. He could ____________(骑) a horse when he was a child.10. Most children like _____________(卡通) characters.11. I couldn’t stop____________(take) photos with them because they all looked so nice.12. I had to spend hours ______________(correct) the mistakes.13. My parents and I had a really____________(美妙的) time in the countryside.14. _________ , I met David and Sandy yesterday afternoon.A. In the wayB. By the wayC. On the wayD. To the way15. I ___________(not see) you since last month.16. We were screaming and laughing _______ the ride.A. inB. throughC. byD. after17. David likes ball games , _________ basketball and football.A. such asB. for example18. It was the ________ (good) part of the day.19. They spent _______ ______ _______(一整天)at Hong Kong Disneyland.20. Take the teacher’s advice, you will _______________(感觉到) better soon.21. We all love Liu Qian’s ________________(魔术).22. To this news, I have the same____________(feel) with you.23. I bought ________ ________ ________ (几个) key rings for my classmates.24. ____________ the day , we watched the fireworks in front of Sleeping Beauty Castle.A. At the end ofB. At the endC. In the end ofD. In the end25.I know you_________ to Beij ing. Hope you’ve enjoyed yourself there.A. will goB. wentC. have goneD.have been26.The roller coaster moves _______ high speed. It is exciting.A. atB. inC. byD. under27. The little boy ___________(hurry) past me without stopping.28. What do you think ____ (be) the best part of the day at Hong Kong Disneyland?29. Shall we do some _______(shop) this weekend?Grammar30. —Where is your mother, David ?—She _________ the classroom.A. has gone toB. has been toC. have gone toD. has been in31.“Which city ______ you _______?” asked the man as soon as he met me.A. have, gone toB. have ,been toC. has ,gone toD. has ,been in32. —How long ________ her sister __________ Japan?—For about two years.A. have, gone toB. have ,been toC. has ,gone toD. has ,been in33. Kate and her father ___________ there since last year.A. have gone toB. have beenC. has goneD. have been in34. How many places __________ you ________since you came to China?A. have, gone toB. have ,been toC. has ,goneD. have ,been in35.My father ___________ Taizhou many times. He knows it very well.A. has gone toB. has been toC. have gone toD. has been in36. My father _______ Taizhou many times a year.A. has gone toB. has been toC. goesD. went37. —________ have you been to Xinghua?—Twice.A. How longB. How oftenC. How many timesD. How much38. —________ do you go to Xinghua?—Twice a week .A. How longB. How oftenC. How many timesD. How much39.Look at the picture. We can see Andy ________ (play) on the sand.40. —Shall we invite Andy to ________ a picnic tomorrow? — OK!A.goB. go forC. go inD. go with41. .—Where is Tom?—He _____(look) for some information on the internet.42. We __________(be) friends for over ten years.43. My family has owned a train__________1980.A. forB. sinceC. inD. \44. My has owned a train ___________many years.A. forB. sinceC. inD. \45. I have had a cold ___________last Sunday.A. forB. sinceC. inD. \46. I have had a cold __________5 days.A. forB. sinceC. inD. \47. Mimi has lived in Beijing __________he was born.A. forB. sinceC. inD. \48.He ______ _______ ________ ________ (离开) his hometown for ten years.49.He _______ (离开) his hometown ten years ago.50. The film _____ ______ ________ (结束)for ten minutes. What a pity!51. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .A. joinedB. has joinedC. was inD. has been in52. —Do you know him well ?—Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made53. —How long have you ____ here ?—About two months .A. beenB. goneC. comeD. arrived54. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .A. has begunB. had begunＣ. has been on D. began55. — What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it?—Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB. did, buyC. are, havingD. have, had56. They ______ _______ _______ (结婚)for 15years.57. We arrived in Hong Kong _____ ______ ______ ______ (在第一天)of the winter holiday.58. —How long ________ his grandfather _______ ?—For two years.A. has , diedB. did , dieC. has , been deadD. has , been died59. It helps me _______ ______ (学得更多)about Hong Kong.60. He ________ (borrow) the book for two weeks.Integrated skills61. You can go to the Window of the World ________ ________ ________ (一年到头)。
8B Unit2 Grammar 知识点练习八年级英语牛津深圳版(广州沈阳通用)下册
★思维导图★语法：动名词1 动名词的基本形式：动词原形+ing；否定式：not +动词原形+ing。
动名词是由“动词原形+ing”构成，它在句中可作多种成分。
变化规则1)一般在词尾加ing。
buy-buying wait-waiting rain-raining2)以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加ing。
use-using ride-riding3)以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ing。
begin-beginning cut-cutting4)少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ing。
die-dying lie-lying tie-tying5)以oe, ee, ye结尾的动词，直接在词尾加ing。
see-seeing flee-fleeing2 动名词在句中的作用：（1）作主语。
如：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
注意：动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
（2）作表语。
如：Her Job is teaching English. 她的工作是教英语。
（3）作宾语。
如：I like travelling very much. 我很喜欢旅游。
（4）作定语。
如：This is our reading room. 这是我们的阅览室。
3 习惯接动名词作宾语的动词有：enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practise等。
如：My sister enjoys playing tennis. 我姐姐喜欢打网球。
Do you mind opening the window? 你介意开窗吗？4 动名词也可以在短语动词和介词后作宾语，习惯接动名词作宾语的短语有：be afraid of, be busy, be good at, be interested in, be worth, feel like, how / what about, look forward to, pay attention to, succeed in, think of等。