大学语文、大学英语(文)模拟题
专升本大学语文试题模拟题及答案
专升本大学语文试题模拟题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列词语中，注音全部正确的一组是：A. 翩跹（piān xiān）踌躇（chóu chú）峥嵘（zhēngróng）B. 徜徉（cháng yáng）蹉跎（cuō tuó）缱绻（qiǎnquǎn）C. 倜傥（tì tǎng）踯躅（zhí zhú）缱绻（qiǎn juǎn）D. 峥嵘（zhēng róng）徜徉（cháng yáng）踌躇（chóu chú）2. 下列句子中，没有语病的一句是：A. 他不仅学习好，而且品德也很高尚。
B. 由于天气原因，航班不得不取消。
C. 这种新药的疗效，经过临床试验证明是显著的。
D. 经过几天的紧张工作，他终于完成了任务。
3. 下列句子中，使用了拟人的修辞手法的是：A. 春风又绿江南岸，明月何时照我还。
B. 独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。
C. 黄河远上白云间，一片孤城万仞山。
D. 落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色。
4. 下列句子中，属于反问句的是：A. 难道你不知道吗？B. 你不知道吗？C. 你应该知道。
D. 你不知道？5. 下列句子中，使用了排比修辞手法的是：A. 他勤奋学习，成绩优异，品德高尚。
B. 春天的花开了，夏天的果实熟了，秋天的落叶黄了，冬天的雪花飘了。
C. 他既聪明又勤奋，既谦虚又好学。
D. 他的成绩很好，他的品德也很高尚。
6. 下列句子中，使用了设问修辞手法的是：A. 我们为什么学习？为了更好的未来。
B. 我们为什么学习？C. 为了更好的未来，我们学习。
D. 学习为了什么？7. 下列句子中，使用了夸张修辞手法的是：A. 他的学问博大精深。
B. 他的成绩好得不得了。
C. 他的学问深不可测。
D. 他的成绩好到令人难以置信。
8. 下列句子中，使用了反复修辞手法的是：A. 他勤奋学习，勤奋工作，勤奋生活。
大学英语 A5
大学语文 A5一、阅读理解1、If you have recently started collecting stamps, or are thinking about starting, you may be wondering if the hobby is expensive. Can you enjoy it with limited money? What if you have no money at all for the hobby? The answer is an absolute positive one. Not all collections consist mainly of unused stamps that you buy in the post office. Used stamps are worth saving, have value, and they may cost you nothing. In fact, many stamp collectors save only used stamps!The first place to search for stamps, then, is your own mailbox. You can ask people who write to you to use commemorative(纪念性的) stamps on their mail. Also, if you write away for offers that require a self-addressed stamps envelope, you can put commemoratives on your return envelopes, knowing that they will come back to you later. Neighbors, friends, and relatives are another good source of stamps. A majority of people is only too happy to save the stamps on their mail for someone who will appreciate them. You may even know someone who works in an office that gets a lot of mail. Many businesses get a lot of foreign mail and regularly throw away stamps that may have interest or value to a collector. And don't forget to ask your parents if they have any old letters which may still have stamps on the envelopes.Now that you have stamps on paper, what do you do with them? The most common way to get stamps off paper is to soak them in water, then dry them on paper. To understand more about soaking stamps, it is best to find a handbook on stamp collecting at the library.Stamp clubs are another place to get stamps. A club may offer stamps as prizes, or have inexpensive stamps you can afford to buy. If you don't have a stamp club around you, try to start one with a few others. All it takes are four or five other stamp collectors who are interested in getting together to learn about and trade stamps and ideas. Obtaining a pen pal(笔友) in another country is a very good way to get stamps from that country. His or her extra stamps may seem really common in that country, but over here they are much scarcer.(1)、Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word "positive" in Paragraph 1 ?A：certainB：interestingC：impossibleD：clear答案： A(2)、Which of the following is true?A：Collecting stamps is a bad hobby.B：Collecting stamps is a hobby for rich people.C：Used stamps are all worth collecting.D：Collecting used stamps can save your money.答案： D(3)、The writer suggests that you should ______.A：ask your friends to write to you as often as possibleB：ask your friends to write to each other as often as possibleC：tell your pen pals to write to you as often as possibleD：get used stamps from all kinds of people you know答案： D(4)、To soak used stamps in water is the best way to ______.A：get rid of the printB：make the stamps cleanC：get stamps off paperD：increase the value of the stamps答案： C(5)、If you are a member of a stamp club, you can ______.A：become rich by collecting stampsB：have a meeting every dayC：get more stamps without anythingD：exchange stamps with the other members答案： D2、It was 1985, and Rafe Esquith was beginning his third year of teaching in Los Angeles public schools. He faced a class of 40 sixth-graders from low-income homes where English rarely was spoken, and the best reader among them was two years below grade level.But to everyone's surprise, he decided to teach them Shakespeare.Five families agreed to let their children play "Macbeth"for two hours after school. This proved to be so much fun that, within weeks, Esquith had 28 kids happily soaking up the drama of blood and betrayal in medieval Scotland. They were learning many words they had never heard before.But when Esquith asked a school district supervisor for official approval, he received this note: "Mr. Esquith, it is not appropriate that you stay after school to teach Shakespeare. It would bebetter if you did something with the children that is academic."It would not be the last time that the narrow thinking of big-city school administration got in Esquith's way. Yet the bearded, 6-foot-tall cyclone has proved that a teacher who thinks very big--much harder lessons, larger projects, extra class time---can help disadvantaged children in ways most educators never imagine.This was difficult at first, until he stumbled upon a concept of teaching that is at the core of his success. American children, even those from hardworking immigrant cultures, have in Esquith's view been wrongly taught that learning should always be fun, by teachers who think hard lessons are bad for kids from low-income homes. When faced with something difficult, such students don't know what to do.The Declaration of Independence says Americans are entitled to the pursuit of happiness, but the emphasis in public schooling has been on the happiness, he believes. "What happened to pursuit?" Esquith said. So he has created an entirely new universe in his classroom, cherishing effort and the slogan, "There Are No Shortcuts".As for their own dramatic performances, Esquith got around the original ban on his after-school "Macbeth" rehearsals by switching to Thornton Wilder's "Our Town.". When that class finally performed the Shakespeare play, a school district supervisor showed up. The high-ranking district administrator came up afterwards and shook his hand. "Rafe", she said, "I've never seen Shakespeare done better."(1)、 It can be learned from the passage that Esquith's students _____________.A：liked the traditional teaching betterB：were relatively poor in intelligenceC：were mainly from immigrant familiesD：refused to cooperate with the new teacher答案： C(2)、At first, Esquith's Shakespeare-teaching ______________.A：won the support of the school authorityB：got slow response from the school authorityC：did not draw attention from the school authorityD：was not allowed by the school authority答案： D(3)、It is implied that most educators ______________.A：fail to realize the potential of disadvantaged studentsB：fail to introduce fun into the learning of disadvantaged studentsC：are reluctant to admit the unfair treatment to disadvantaged studentsD：are unaware of the difficulty faced by disadvantaged students答案： A(4)、Esquith's principle of teaching is different from the general one in that _________. A：he insists on giving harder lessons to more advanced studentsB：he places greater emphasis on hard work in students' learningC：he pays less attention to students' academic performancesD：he dismisses the concept of extra homework for students答案： B(5)、What is the main idea of the passage?A：An inspiring teacher wins the love and respect of his students.B：An experienced teacher contributes to the school and the students.C： An innovative teacher makes changes in the students.D：An optimistic teacher helps build confidence in the students.答案： C二、词汇与语法1、I really don't know how to ______ the problem.A：copeB：dealC：tackleD：dispose答案： C2、How did you like the ________ of the interpreter at the press conference?A：performanceB：achievementC：materialD：words答案： A3、Helen Keller lost both her sight and hearing after a severe illness ________.A：she was 19 months oldB：of her age in 19 months oldC：when she was 19 months oldD：when 19 months old she was答案： C4、I believe you'll get through the tough moment, _____?A：don't IB：won't IC：don't youD：won't you答案： D5、You'd better tell him what to do next as soon as he _______ back.A：comeB：cameC：is comingD：comes答案： D6、I wish he would ________ from scattering his ash all over the carpet.A：refrainB：preventC：shelterD：protect答案： A7、The manager promised to keep me ____ of how our business was going on.A：to be informedB：on informingC：informedD：informing答案： C8、The worst thing _______ television is that many people have become its slaves. A：aboutB：inC：withD：from答案： A9、This couple has two daughters, _________ of whom is working in the U. S.A：the youngerB：the youngestC：a youngerD：the young答案： A10、When the girl heard the news, she could do nothing but ________ back home.A：goingC：to goD：go答案： D三、完型填空If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or __21__ in your work would depend，to a great extent, on your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. __22__ the utmost importance is your attitude. A person who begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is __23__ that he is going to fail is exhibiting a weakness, which can only hinder his success. On the other hand，a person who is secure __24__ his belief that he is probably as capable of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt __25__ it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. Having the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. This book has been designed to help you capitalize __26__ the strength and overcome the weakness that you bring to the job of learning. As we get further along in the book, we'll be __27__ in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening __28__ skills. However, to begin with，you should pause __29__ examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your __30__, your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.(1)、A：improvementB：victoryC：failureD：achievement答案： C(2)、A：Out ofB：OfC：ToD：Into答案： B(3)、A：ensureB：certainlyD：surely答案： C (4)、A：ontoB：onC：offD：in答案： D (5)、A：toB：atC：ofD：for答案： B (6)、A：onB：butC：forD：except答案： A (7)、A：dealB：dealtC：be dealt D：dealing 答案： D (8)、A：learnt B：learned C：learning D：learn答案： C (9)、A：toB：ontoD：with答案： A(10)、A：intelligenceB：workC：attitudeD：weakness答案： C四、汉译英(1)、那是我去过的最好的音乐会之一。
专升本英语考试卷
2022年陕西统招专升本第八次全真模拟大学英语试卷本次模拟考试面向2022年陕西省统招专升本全体考生考试分值：150分卷制【大学英语】60题选择+4题阅读+1题英译汉+1题作文【大学语文】20题选择+12题填空+12题词语解释+10题判断+4题阅读+1题作文【高等数学】5题选择+5题填空+10题计算+2题应用与证明考试时间：【大学英语】9:00——11:30【大学语文/高等数学】14:00——16:30I.Vocabulary and structure (60 points)1.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ______ when he arrived at the party. [单选题] *A. had left(正确答案)B. leaveC. had been leftD. will leave2.Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ______ to the nation. [单选题] *A. has leftB. is to leaveC. leavesD. is to be left(正确答案)3.The work ______ by the time you get here. [单选题] *A. will have been done(正确答案)B. is doneC. had been doneD. would have done4.It ______ for a week and the streets were flooded. [单选题] *A. has rainedB. was rainedC. had been raining(正确答案)D. should have rained5.Sorry, but we cannot go to San Diego. Our cousins ____ to see us next Sunday. [单选题] *A. comeB. are coming(正确答案)C. have comeD. came6.The bus is late and Julie is cold. She ____ for the bus for 10 minutes. [单选题] *A. waitsB. waitedC. has been waiting(正确答案)D. has waited7.All of us think it difficult to ______ the difference between the two things. [单选题] *A. talkB. speakC. lectureD. tell(正确答案)8.George is so ______ in debt that he is afraid to show up in the pub in case he meets his six creditors. [单选题] *A. involved(正确答案)B. concentratedC. devotedD. concerned9.A new situation is likely to ______ when the school leaving age is raised to 16. [单选题] *A.riseB. arise(正确答案)C. happenD. raise10.____of them knew about the plan because it was a secret. [单选题] *A. SomeB. AnyC. No oneD. None(正确答案)11.It _______ the village where we spent our holidays last summer. [单选题] *A. reminds me of(正确答案)B. reminds me toC. remembers me ofD. remembers me to12.It's too expensive for me. I can't _______it. [单选题] *A. spendB. costC. payD. afford(正确答案)13.I didn't know what to do but then an idea suddenly______ to me. [单选题] *A. happenedB. enteredC. occurred(正确答案)D. hit14.Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to ______ any further responsibilities. [单选题] *A. take on(正确答案)B. bring onC. get onD. carry out15.Dear, do send the children to bed. I can't _______their noise any longer. [单选题] *A. put offB. put upC. stand upD. put up with(正确答案)16.Will you please _____ my parcel at the post-office as you pass? [单选题] *A. pick outB. pick up(正确答案)C. take outD. take up17.In making such models, skills as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure are ______. [单选题] *A. called onB. called upC. called for(正确答案)D. called in18.The little boy ______ his hiding place when he coughed. [单选题] *A. gave away(正确答案)B. gave upC. got awayD. got in19.None of us expected the chairman to ______ at the party. We thought he was still in hospital. [单选题] *A. turn inB. turn up(正确答案)C. turn overD. turn down20.When he heard the bad news, he ______ completely. [单选题] *A. broke awayB. broke upC. broke down(正确答案)D. broke out21.If I had more time, I would ____ golf as a hobby. [单选题] *A.take inB.take onC.take up(正确答案)D.take over22.Would you like me _____ the radio a bit? [单选题] *A. turning downB. turned downC. turn downD. to turn down(正确答案)23.Since the road is wet this morning, ______ last night. [单选题] *A. it must have rained(正确答案)B. it must rainC. it must be rainingD. it must have been rained24.I took the medicine, but it didn't have any ______ on me. [单选题] *A. effect(正确答案)B. relationC. touchD. affect25.You _____ all those calculations. We have a computer to do that sort of thing. [单选题] *A. must not have doneB. should not haveC. can not have doneD. needn't have done(正确答案)26.With all this work on hand, he _____ to the cinema last night. [单选题] *A. mustn't goB. wouldn't goC. oughtn't goD. shouldn't have gone(正确答案)27.“I saw Mary in the library yesterday. ”“You _______her, she is still in hospital. ” [单选题] *A. mustn't have seenB. could not seeC. can't have seen(正确答案)D. must not see28.He regretted _____ the decision so hastily. [单选题] *A. makeB. making(正确答案)C. to makeD. have made29.The speech _____ the project has bothered me greatly. [单选题] *A. being concernedB. concerning(正确答案)C. be concernedD. concerned30.Do you know any other foreign language ______ English? [单选题] *A. exceptB. butC. besides(正确答案)D. beside31.He had no choice but ______ to see him. [单选题] *A. to go(正确答案)B. wentC. goingD. go32.It was raining again, _____ is very bad for our crops. [单选题] *A. itB. thatC. whatD. which(正确答案)33.I have two brothers, both of_____ are doctors. [单选题] *A. whichB. themC. whom(正确答案)D. who34. ______ doesn't matter ______ they will come to the meeting next month. [单选题] *A. It, whether(正确答案)B. That, whetherC. If it, whoD. Whether, it35.Everybody has arrived. It's time we ______ . [单选题] *A. would startB. shall startC. started(正确答案)D. had start36.This is the most difficult book _____ . [单选题] *A. what I have ever readB. which I have ever readC.I have ever read itD. that I have ever read(正确答案)37.Although young, Fred could resist ______ what to do and what not to do. [单选题] *A. to be toldB. having been toldC. to have been toldD. being told(正确答案)38.Frankly speaking, I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being. [单选题] *A. didn't do(正确答案)B. have doneC. don't doD. haven't done39.The music was so _____ that the audience were ______ to death. [单选题] *A. boring ... bored(正确答案)B. bored...boringC. bored... boredD. boring... boring40.When he came back after an absence of 20 years, he found his hometown completely _____. [单选题] *A. changingB. to be changedC. to changeD. changed(正确答案)41.Hardly had we arrived home ______ we all sat down to rest. [单选题] *A. thanB. thenC. when(正确答案)D. until42.Most people come to realize that it is about time the government ______ further measures to control the population. [单选题] *A. must takeB. is takingC. takesD. took(正确答案)43.I really appreciate ______ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself. [单选题] *A. you to offerB. that you offerC. your offering(正确答案)D. that you are offering44.The manager promised to keep me _____ of how our business was going on. [单选题] *A. to be informedB. on informingC. informed(正确答案)D. informing45.No one thought that John's suggestion was worth ______ . [单选题] *A. to considerB. considering(正确答案)C. to be consideredD. of consideration46.The young man got his motor bicycle type _____ early this morning. [单选题] *A. changed(正确答案)B. changeC. changingD. be changed47.He is ______ strong a man ______ he can lift ten stones like this one. [单选题] *A. such …soB. such …thatC. so …that(正确答案)D. so a …for48.______ enough money, they decided to call off the construction project. [单选题] *A. Not to have raisedB. Not raisingC. Having not raisedD. Not having raised(正确答案)49.While reading the newspaper, ______. [单选题] *A. a colorful advertisement caught my eyesB. my attention was attracted by an advertisementC I was attracted by a colorful advertisement(正确答案)D. What attracted my eyes was a colorful advertisement50._____ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for. [单选题] *A. The girl was educatedB. The girl educatedC. The girl to be educatedD. The girl's being educated(正确答案)51.If the city had built more homes for the poor in 1990, the housing problems in that area now ______ so serious. [单选题] *A. wouldn't have beenB. wouldn't be(正确答案)C. will not have beenD. shouldn't have been52.--- Could I borrow your dictionary?--- I'd get it for you ______ I could remember who last borrowed it. [单选题] *A. except thatB. unlessC. only ifD. if only(正确答案)53.All the afternoon he worked in his study with the door ______. [单选题] *A. to lockB. lockingC. lockD. locked(正确答案)54.The garden requires ________. [单选题] *A. watering(正确答案)B. being wateredC. to waterD. having watered55.If I had a bike, I ______ it to you yesterday. [单选题] *A. would have lent(正确答案)B. would lendC. have lendD. could lend56.Hardly ______ his speech when he saw the audience rise as one. [单选题] *A. had he finished(正确答案)B. did he finishC. he finishedD. he had finished57.They have sent all the invitations to their relatives and friends, ______? [单选题] *A. have theyB. did theyC. haven't they(正确答案)D. didn't they58.Only by shouting at the top of his voice ______. [单选题] *A. he was able to make himself hearB. he was able to make himself heardC. was he able to make himself heard(正确答案)D. was he able to make himself hear59.It is essential that the application form ______ before Friday morning. [单选题] *A. shall be handed inB. be handed in(正确答案)C. will be handed inD. must be handed in60.It's a pity that we should stay at home when we have ______ weather. [单选题] *A. so fineB. so fine aC. such a fineD. such fine(正确答案)Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension. (50 points)Passage OneThis is not the world we know. This world is controlled by computers. Men and women can be seen, but they are following orders given to them by machines. The machines were designed by mad scientists, but at some point even the mad scientists were taken over by their super-inventions.Does this sound familiar? You have probably read something like it in magazines or books, or seen it in a film. Why is it so popular? One of the reasons is that it reflects the fears of many people; fear of the unknown, fear of what is not understood or, at least, fear of something that is not completely understood.The fact is that every day it seems that computers take control of another area of our lives. Some factory jobs are now done by robots and the robots are controlled by computers. Our bank accounts are managed by computers. At the airport, our tickets are sold by a computer.Certainly, many of these operations are made more efficient by computers, but our admiration is sometimes mixed with unsafe feelings. And this lack of safety is caused by the fact that we do not know how computers do these things, and we really might do't know what is the next.But we can find out how computers work, and once we understand them, we can use computers instead of worrying about being used by them. Today, there is a new generation of computer wizards ( 奇才 ) who know exactly how computers get things done. These young men and women, usually university students, are happy to sit for hours, sometimes for days, designing programs, not eating, not sleeping, but discovering what can be done by these wonderful slaves which they have learned to control. These computer wizards have learned to use the computer and search for new tasks for their machines.61.We can know that the scientists who designed the machines _____________. [单选题] *A. are careless in their daily lifeB. are unkind and cruelC. are out of their mindD. have great abilities(正确答案)62.The reason why many people are afraid of computers is that ____________. [单选题] *A. they don't know anything about computersB. they haven't really understood computers(正确答案)C. there are so many computer gamesD. computers are often down63.The author mentions computer wizards in order to point out that __________. [单选题] *A. computers can be controlled by man(正确答案)B. there should be more people devoted to computersC. only young people are interested in computersD. more time and energy is required to control computers64.This passage is probably written to suggest that __________. [单选题] *A. some day computers can deal with all human problemsB. computers can be used in place of traveling to our jobsC. people should not fear computers(正确答案)D. computer technolog y will not meet people's needs in various situations65.The author's attitude (态度 ) towards widely used computers is_________. [单选题] *A. positive(正确答案)B. anxiousC. worriedD. curiousPassage TwoKnowledge is power. But there is another thing we must remember. An intelligent mind needs a strong body to make it most useful.There are a great many good exercises for building up our bodies. Many of them may be done indoors in rainy weather. Indoor exercises, however, are never as helpful as those taken out of doors because in the open air there is more oxygen. The air in the house is not fresh. But out of doors it is very fresh, especially in the morning. But what shall we play? There are a number of games such as football, basketball, races and so on. Any game with plenty of exercises is good. Do not neglect your health. It is of as much importance as your mind. Our country now needs people with creative minds, good judgment, and healthy bodies.66.One who has an intelligent mind is ______ . [单选题] *A. very strongB. very healthyC. very clever(正确答案)D. very stupid67.“An intelligent mind needs a strong body to make it useful. ” means ______ . [单选题] *A. if you want to make your strong body useful, you must have an intelligent mindB. in order to make your intelligent mind useful, you must have a strong body(正确答案)C. to make your strong mind and strong body most useful you need a strong bodyD. if you have a strong body you will have a strong mind68.Which of the following statements is true? [单选题] *A. Indoor exercises are as helpful as outdoor ones.B. Indoor exercises are no more helpful than outdoor exercises.C. Neither indoor exercises nor outdoor exercises are helpful.D. Outdoor exercises are more helpful than indoor ones.(正确答案)69.The air in the house does not remain fresh very long. It’s because_________. [单选题] *A. the fresh air can't come into the houseB. there is only a little fresh air coming in and a little waste going out(正确答案)C. the air in the house can't move at allD. the house gives off wastes70. Our country now _____ with creative minds, good judgment and healthy bodies. [单选题] *A. needs men and women(正确答案)B. only needs menC. only needs scientistsD. does not need women but menPassage ThreeSurvival is an art. Survivors are artists. The best acting is done in daily life, not on the stage. My late uncle Sir Alexander Korda, the motion- picture producer who could “charm money out of an empty safe ”, was a gifted survivor.Once, a group of investors called him in to complain that he had lost 5 000 000 of their money. Most men would have tried to defend themselves. Alex did not. “You are right, ”he said quietly, “I have been wasteful, and careless. I have chosen the wrong scri pts, paid too little attention to the budgets. I am too old for this business. I will retire. I on ly hopeyou will forgive me. ”Within an hour, the investors were busy encouraging Alex, cheering him up. It was out of the question for him to resign; they wouldn't hear it. And by lunchtime, Alex had 2 000 000 more of their money and was back in the action again. When I asked him if he was happy about it, he said, “No. They would have put up three or four million, I think. Still, it's a good lesson for you to learn. Always s ettle for less than you could get. It doesn't hurt to have a reputation as a gentleman. ”71.According to the author, Sir Alexander Korda is an excellent artist because ______. [单选题] *A. he is a motion-picture producerB. he knows well about how to survive(正确答案)C. he had a gift to act in the movieD. he can get large amounts of money from investors72. The phrase to “charm money out of an empty safe ” in the context means . [单选题] *A. to put all your money to your savings accountB. to draw your money back if it is not in a safe placeC. to avoid wasting money if you have an empty pocketD. to be able to get money even if it looks impossible(正确答案)73.What would most probably have happened if Sir Alexander Korda had defended himself ？ [单选题] *A.He would resign and live miserably.B.He would be considered a gentleman.C.The investors would not forgive him.(正确答案)D.The investors would give him more money.74.Alex did not defend himself because__________ . [单选题] *A.he hoped to have a happier lifeB.his nature prevented him from doing soC. he wanted to test if he could give the best actingD. he knew the way to cope with the investors(正确答案)75.Alex was not happy with the settlement because . [单选题] *A.he thought he could have got more from the investor(正确答案)B.he didn't teach the author a good lessonC.he didn't like the way he behavedD.D. he lost his reputation as a gentlemanPassage FourTime is the biggest problem of most students. It becomes particularly difficult when you have to do library research for a term paper or report. Finding information in the library can take so much time that many students avoid it until the last possible minute. Library research does not have to be time consuming. If you learn to use a library efficiently, you can save yourself a great deal of time.The exercises in this section are designed to familiarize you with the library so that you can find the information you need quickly.The first and the most important thing to know about a library is that when you cannot find something, ask a librarian for help. The librarians are paid not just to shelve books, but to provide information and assistance. The most helpful librarians are usually those who work in the reference room. They will help you get started on a term paper and even help you find material. There are two basic places to begin looking for information, the card catalog and the various periodical indexes. The card catalog is a list of all the books in the library. A periodical index is a list of all the magazine and journal articles written on any subject.76.According to the author, finding information in the library needs a lot of time, so students should ______. [单选题] *A. avoid it until the last possible minuteB. do library researchC. learn how to use it efficiently(正确答案)D. save a great deal of time77. It is the librarians' duty to do all the following things except______. [单选题] *A. arranging and lending booksB. helping students locate the needed booksC. helping students find needed materialsD. helping students write their term paper(正确答案)78.In what way could a student get familiarized with the library while reading this section? [单选题] *A. By doing the exercises provided.(正确答案)B. By asking the librarians.C. By looking into the catalog part.D. By reading in the reference room.79.If you need to find a magazine article in the library, the best way for you to do is to______. [单选题] *A. look in the card catalogB. look in the periodical indexes(正确答案)C. search through the bookshelvesD. go to the reference room80.The passage is taken from an introduction of a chapter, and the title of the chapter is probably ______. [单选题] *A. Save Your Study TimeB. Using the Library for Your Term PaperC. Using the Library Efficiently(正确答案)D. Library--- An Information SourceⅢ. Translation. (20 points)Now colleges and universities are seeing a change in students’ lifestyle.More and more college students prefer to stay in the dormitory in their leisure time and become indoors men or indoors women.The internet offers students many options to kill the spare time.Various on-campus services,from food delivery to laundry services,are fuelling the culture of staying in dormitories.Some students argue that outdoor sports or social activities are no better than staying in the dormitory and playing on a computer.Irregular life and lack of physical exercise have become the health enemy of college students. [填空题] *_________________________________IV. Writing. (20 points)The harm of Computer Games1.很多学生迷恋电脑游戏；2.电脑游戏的危害；3.你的观点。
中国地质大学(北京)继续教育学院
中国地质大学(北京)继续教育学院现代远程学历教育 2017年秋季入学测试《大学语文、大学英语》综合模拟题大学语文部分：一、选择题（每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个是正确答案，请将正确选项前的字母填在答题卡中相应的位置，否则无效。
1.“多行不义必自毙”这句话出自：（ A ）A.《郑伯克段于鄢》B.《论语》 C .《孟子》 D .《李将军列传》2.《就任北京大学校长之演说》既肯定大学的宗旨是“研究高深学问”,又批评“求学为升官发财”的腐败风气,这种论证方法是( C )A.演绎法B.归纳法C.对比法D.类比法3.《吃饭》的主要表现方法是( B )A.对比B.类比C.侧写D.象征4.《垓下之围》中,揭示项羽内心世界中知耻重义一面的情节是( D )A.惊闻楚歌B.悲歌“虞兮”C.对吕马童说“吾为若德”D.马赠亭长,自刎乌江5.下列文章中,“传其事以为官戒”的是( D )A.《冯谖客孟尝君》B.《张中丞传后叙》C.《种树郭橐驼传》D.《马伶传》6.下列《前赤壁赋》的语句中,描写箫声的是( C )A.耳得之而为声B.飘飘乎如遗世独立C.舞幽壑之潜蛟D.寄蜉蝣于天地7.《先妣事略》:“入城,则缉纟卢,灯火荧荧,每至夜分。
”这里表现的母亲的品德是( B )A.俭朴B.勤劳C.待人厚道D.严以教子8.下列《马伶传》的语句中,暗含讽刺当朝权奸之意的是( D )A.其士女之问桃叶渡、游雨花台者,趾相错也B.新安贾合两部为大会C.异哉!马伶之自得师也D.见昆山犹之见分宜也9.《秋夜》所写的事物中,在象征寓意上与枣树相近的是( C )A.天空B.小粉红花C.小青虫D.月亮10.《诗经、氓》中“淇则有岸，隰则有泮”两句是（ D ）A.反喻氓当初誓言滔滔不绝B.描写出嫁时渡淇水的情景C.描写被弃后渡淇水的情景D.反喻自己的怨恨无穷无尽11.称赞《史记》为“史家之绝唱，无韵之《离骚》”的是（ D ）A.班固B.茅盾C.巴金D.鲁迅12.《诗经》中保存民歌最多的是( A )A.国风B.大雅C.颂D.小雅13.杜甫诗歌的风格特点是（ D ）A.清新淡雅B.豪放飘逸C.深婉华美D.沉郁顿挫14.北宋词坛豪放派的代表作家是（ C ）A.柳永B.李清照C.苏轼D.辛弃疾15.提出“文章合为时而著，歌诗合为事而作”的著名主张的作家是( A )A.杜甫B.白居易C.辛弃疾D.韩愈16.我国第一部纪传体通史著作是（ C ）A.《左传》B.《战国策》C.《史记》D.《春秋》17.李商隐《无题》中推已而及对方的一联是（ D ）A.相见时难别亦难，东风无力百花残B.春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干C.晓镜但愁云鬓改，夜吟应觉月光寒D.蓬山此去无多路，青鸟殷勤为探看18.楚辞的开创者是：（ C ）A. 孔子B. 孟子C. 屈原D. 宋玉19.莫伯桑在文坛上崭露头角的成名作是（ D ）A.俊友B.苦恼C.一生D.羊脂球20.茅盾的第一部长篇小说是（ D ）A.子夜B.春蚕C.林家铺子D.幻灭21.李密《陈情表》是一篇（ C ）A.书信B.小说C.奏疏D.传记22.《山居秋暝》是一首（ A ）A.山水诗B.边塞诗C.爱情诗D.寓言诗23.《西洲曲》是一首 ( C )A．汉乐府B．北朝乐府 C．南朝乐府D．唐乐府24.“奇文共欣赏，疑义相与析”出自（ B ）A.《归园田居》B.《移居》C.《饮酒》D.《种豆南山下》25.盛唐山水诗人中能与王维齐名的是（ A ）A.孟浩然B.李白C.杜牧D.谢灵运26.王维是唐代著名的( A )A．田园山水诗人B．边塞诗人C．现实主义诗人D．浪漫主义诗人27.高适是唐代著名的( B )A．田园山水诗人 B．边塞诗人 C．现实主义诗人 D．浪漫主义诗人28.下列人物都属于“唐宋八大家”，其中不属于宋代的是（ C ）A．欧阳修B．王安石 C．柳宗元D．曾巩29.找出下列比兴句（ A ）A.“淇则有岸，濕则有泮”。
自考《大学语文》模拟题(二)附答案
自考《大学语文》模拟题（二）附答案第Ⅰ部分选择题一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1．食以草具中，食的解释正确的是【A】A．给人吃B．食物C．以为食D．吃2．下列文章，体现民本思想的是【A】A．《寡人之于国也》B．《秋水》C．《五代史伶官传序》D．《论毅力》3．梁启超在《论毅力》中两次采用层递修辞手法，其目的在于【D】A．比较不同层次的人生态度B．阐明毅力大小不同结果也不同C．显示毅力的重要性D．强调只有毅力至强方能取得事业成功4．《吃饭》中，作者在谈到音乐和烹调时，所倡导的社会理念是【D】A．以民为本B．完美人格C．中庸之道D．和而不同5．《垓下之围》一文最后太史公曰的太史公指的是【A】A．司马迁自称B．《史记》点评者C．《资治通鉴》的作者D．《资治通鉴》的点评者6．下列作品，属于寓言性传记文的是【D】A．《秋水》B．《张中丞传后叙．》C．《马伶传》D．《种树郭橐驼传》7．下列属于编年体史书的是【C】A．《史记》B．《汉书》C．《资治通鉴》D．《三国志》8．《种树郭橐驼传》所揭露的社会弊端是【B】A．狗彘食人食而不知检B．长（zhǎng）人者好烦其令C．窃钩者诛，窃国者为诸侯D．以求学为干禄之终南捷径9．《前赤壁赋》的主客问答中的客所代表的是【C】A．苏子本人B．吹洞箫者C．思想矛盾中的消极面D．思想矛盾中的积极面10．《爱尔克的灯光》的行文特点是【C】A．夹叙夹议，充满思辨色彩B．善用白描，作者不动声色C．熔记叙、议论、抒情于一体D．熔记叙、描写、抒情于一体11．《都江堰》说都江堰的水，合在一起比赛着飞奔的力量，这里所用的修辞手法是【B】A．比喻B．比拟C．借代D．排比12．《饮酒》（其五）中，包涵大隐隐于市意味的诗句是【A】A．心远地自偏B．悠然见南山C．飞鸟相与还D．欲辩已忘言13．下列典故，属于言典（即言论典故）的是【D】A．玉环飞燕皆尘土B．忽复乘舟梦日边C．闲来垂钓碧溪上D．长风破浪会有时14．《早雁》中，暗示逃难民众有家难回的诗句是【C】A．云外惊飞四散哀B．长门灯暗数声来C．岂逐春风一一回D．水多菰米岸莓苔15．易安居士李清照在《声声慢》中，以寻寻觅觅所体现的心态是【A】A．失落感B．急切感C．休闲感D．绝望感16．从日常生活看，《雨巷》所抒写的是【B】A．对丁香姑娘的追寻与失落B．对恋人的追寻与失落C．对革命事业的追寻与失落D．对美好理想的追寻与失落17．《祖国啊，我亲爱的祖国一诗中四个层次的内容之间的关系是【D】A．对等并列B．抑扬交错C．相互对比D．逐层推进18．《断魂枪》中下列人物，属于东方的大梦不得不醒的醒者是【A】A．沙子龙B．王三胜C．孙老者D．小顺子19．《麦琪的礼物揭示人物心理活动的主要方法是【D】A．直接心理刻画B．自然环境烘托C．肖像和对话呈示D．行为和表情显现20．《金鲤鱼的百裥裙选自【C】A．《城南旧事》B．《金桥》C．《台湾作家小说选集》D．《晓云》二、多项选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
东南大学网络教育入学考试本科大学语文模拟题及答案二
东南大学网络教育入学考试本科大学语文模拟题及答案二东南大学远程教育专升本模拟试卷《大学语文》试卷（二）一、选择题：（本大题15个小题，每小题2分，共30分。
在每个小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的，把所选项前的字母填在括号内。
）1、《关山月》（和戎诏下十五年）的是（）A．汉末人B．南北朝人C．唐代人D．宋代人2、“茕茕孑立，形影相吊”一语出自（）A．《秋水》B．《谏逐客书》C．《陈情表》D．《寡人之于国也》3、下列成语中，出自《冯谖客孟尝君》一文的是（）A．狡兔三窟B．功亏一篑C．望洋兴叹D．贻笑大方4、“扫荡这食人者，掀掉这筵席，毁坏这厨房，则是现在的青年的使命”一句的修辞手法是（）A．拟人B．排比C．象征D．反复5、下列各诗题中属于乐府旧题的是（）A．《杜陵叟》B．《关山月》C．《白雪歌》D．《泊秦淮》6、下列句子中，含有使动用法的是（）A．吾非至于子之门则殆矣，吾长见笑于大方之家。
B．远人不服，则修文德以来之。
C．彼以艰苦忍耐之力，冒其逆而突过之。
D．孟尝君怪其疾也，衣冠而见之。
7、下列句子中含有宾语前置现象的是（）A．察邻国之政，无如寡人之用心者。
B．姜氏何厌之有？不如早为之所，无使滋蔓。
C．天下之不亡，其谁之功也？D．苟有能反是者，又爱之太殷、忧之太勤。
8、下列带点的词解释正确的是（）A．以分宜教分宜，安得不工哉？工：工整。
B．门者故不入，则甘言媚词作妇人状，袖金以私之。
私：私自。
C．清风徐来，水波不兴。
徐：慢慢。
D．遥岑远目，献愁供恨，玉簪螺髻。
目：眼睛。
9、下列带点的字解释正确的是（）A．臣侍汤药，未曾废离。
汤：菜汤。
B．君臣相顾，不知所归。
顾：照顾。
C．对酒当歌，人生几何？当：当作。
D．陈力就列，不能者止。
就：担任。
10、下列句子中，“乃”字可译为“才”的是（）A．于是，乃徙为上郡太守。
B．良久，乃许之，以为前将军。
C．今乃弃黔首以资敌国，却宾客以业诸侯。
D．（马伶）既去，而兴化部又不肯辄易之，乃竞辍其技不奏。
2021年大学语文(专升本)模拟题1
一、选择题:1~20小题，每小题2 分,共40分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的，把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。
,1、（单选）下列文章中,体现民本思想的是（）（本题2 分）A、《寡人之于国也》B、《秋水》C、《五代史伶官传序》D、《论毅力》答案:A解析:孟子是我国战国时期著名的思想家，他倡导“民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻”的民本思想，反对暴政虐民和兼并战争，主张施仁政、行王道以统一天下。
《寡人之于国也》选自《孟子梁惠王上》，体现了孟子的民本思想。
2、（单选）创作“问题小说”的作家是（）（本题2 分）A、梁实秋B、冰心C、沈从文D、巴金答案:B解析:冰心是“五四”以来著名的女作家，她以问题小说起步，走上文坛。
她发表的第一篇问题小说是《两个家庭》。
3、（单选）在下列诗作中，以弃妇为抒情主人公的是（）（本题2 分）A、《短歌行》B、《国殇》C、《氓》D、《关山月》答案:C解析:《氓》是一首弃妇自诉婚姻悲剧的长诗，主要反映了春秋时期男尊女卑、夫妻地位不平等的社会现实。
4、（单选）“三曹”中诗风悲凉慷慨、气韵沉雄的是（）（本题2 分）A、曹丕B、曹操C、曹植D、曹睿答案:B解析:曹操的诗往往以乐府旧题表现新的内容,有的反映当时社会的动乱，有的抒写个人宏大的抱负,情感深沉，风格苍凉悲壮。
5、（单选）《天净沙秋思》中，概括全篇主题思想的是（）（本题2分）A断肠人在天涯B、枯藤老树昏鸦C、古道西风瘦马D、小桥流水人家答案:A解析：“断肠人在天涯”是贯穿《天净沙秋思》的主线，也是全篇的主旨所在。
小令前几句铺叙九种景物，以夕阳西下为背景，渲染出悲凉的气氛，都是为了表现天涯游子的思归之情。
6、（单选）俄国作家屠格涅夫是（）（本题2 分）A、18 世纪中期批判现实主义作家B、19 世纪中期批判现实主义作家C、17 世纪早期批判现实主义作家D、20 世纪中期批判现实主义作家答案:B解析:屠格涅夫是一位具有资产阶级民主主义思想的俄国贵族知识分子，是一位杰出的诗人和戏剧家，也是19 世纪中期俄国批判现实主义代表作家。
大学语文_模拟题
《大学语文》模拟题一、单选题1.我国古代现存最早的韵书是().A.《切韵》B.《广韵》C.《声类》D.《韵集》[答案]:A2.我国已知的第一部词典是().A.《尔雅》B.《方言》C.《释名》D.《辞源》[答案]:A3.形体结构不同,但意义完全相同可以相互替代的两个字属于()字.A.繁简B.异体C.通假D.古今[答案]:B4."江"字是"六书"中的()字.A.象形B.形声C.会意D.指事[答案]:B5.在汉语中,由一个语素构成的词语叫做().A.单义词B.多义词C.单纯词D.合成词[答案]:C6.《麦琪的礼物》在线索布置上的特点是().A.一条明线B.两条明线C.一条暗线D.明暗线交织[答案]:D7.《诗经》在结构上的特点是().A.重章复沓B.一贯到底C.层层递进D.起承转合[答案]:A8.《王风·黍离》的主题是().A.歌颂爱情B.赞美亲情C.歌功颂德D.悲悼故国[答案]:D9."关关雎鸠,在河之洲"运用了()的表现手法.A.赋B.比C.兴D.风[答案]:C10.《诗经》中"颂"的内容是().A.民间歌谣B.朝廷官吏的作品C.祭祀.重大典礼的乐歌D.贵族文人的乐歌[答案]:C11.《鄘风·相鼠》中"相鼠有皮,人而无仪.人而无仪,不死何为?"运用()的表现手法.A.风B.赋C.比D.兴[答案]:A12.《九歌》中祭祀天上最尊贵的神的篇目是().A.《云中君》B.《大司命》C.《东君》D.《东皇太一》[答案]:D13.《国殇》的主题是().A.赞颂自然神明C.感伤国破家亡D.悼念阵亡将士之魂[答案]:D14.《陌上桑》选自()编集的《乐府诗集》.A.郭茂倩B.左克明C.班固D.乐府机关[答案]:A15.汉乐府被评价为:().A."饥者歌其食,劳者歌其事"B."感于哀乐,缘事而发"C."五言之冠冕"D."唯歌生民病"[答案]:B16.被刘勰称为"五言之冠冕"的是().A.《诗经》B.汉乐府C.《古诗十九首》D.曹植[答案]:C17.《古诗十九首》的出现标志着中国古代文人()的成熟.A.五言叙事诗B.五言抒情诗C.七言叙事诗D.七言抒情诗[答案]:B18."胡马依北风,越鸟巢南枝"运用了()手法.A.比兴B.夸张C.直抒胸臆D.对比[答案]:A19."志深而笔长""梗概而多气"是用来形容()的.A.太康文学B.正始文学C.先秦文学[答案]:D20."周公吐哺,天下归心"运用的手法是().A.用典B.比喻C.夸张D.借代[答案]:A二、判断题1.我国已知的第一部词源著作是《尔雅》.[答案]:错误2.《诗经》共有三百篇,故称为"诗三百".[答案]:错误3.乐府既可以是官署名称,又可以用作诗体.[答案]:正确4.《古诗十九首》的诗歌是由萧统所创作的.[答案]:错误5.《庄子》的行文特点是平铺直叙,条理清晰,循循善诱,擅于辩论.[答案]:错误6.孟浩然是盛唐边塞诗派的代表诗人.[答案]:错误7.《春江花月夜》被闻一多先生誉为"诗中的诗,顶峰上的顶峰".[答案]:正确8.李白的人生经历中只去过一次长安,在"供奉翰林"后,并无任何实际职任,李白渐感自己的政治理想破灭,乃上书请还,玄宗即命赐金放还,再未入长安.[答案]:错误9.《将进酒》是汉乐府旧题.[答案]:正确10."万里归船弄长笛,此心吾与白鸥盟"表明黄庭坚已有归隐之意.[答案]:正确11."苏门四学士"之一的秦观效仿苏轼,作词风格以豪放见长.[答案]:错误12.苏轼遭遇三次贬谪,临死前曾《自题金山画像》,诗云:"心似已灰之木,身如不系之舟.问汝平生功业,黄州惠州儋州".[答案]:错误13.秦观《鹊桥仙》(纤云弄巧)继承传统七夕词基调,写牛郎织女相会而又离别的故事,抒发离愁别恨的凄苦.[答案]:错误14.《前赤壁赋》继承和发展了汉赋惯用的"主客对话,抑客伸主"的表现手法,实际上代表了作者思想中两个不同侧面的矛盾斗争,将其内心的情感表现得淋漓尽致,加强了艺术表达的效果.[答案]:正确15.被宋人洪迈评价为"与律诗可称一代之奇"的是绝句.[答案]:错误16.两宋时期,商业经济繁荣,出现了像汴京.临安一类商业大都市.随着坊市制度的崩溃,市民阶层对于文化娱乐生活的需求不断提高,说话等各种演唱艺术空前繁荣起来.两宋京城,各种勾栏.瓦肆技艺应运而生.勾栏,是宋元时杂戏的演出场所;瓦肆又叫瓦舍,是游艺场所的总称. [答案]:正确17.《金瓶梅》是古代长篇中世情小说的开山之作,显示了中国小说逐步摆脱说唱艺术的影响向近代小说转变的轨迹.[答案]:正确18."北洪南孔"指的是清初著名历史剧作家洪昇和孔尚任,他们分别以《长生殿》和《桃花扇》名震剧坛.[答案]:错误19.《桃花扇》写的是明朝末年"南京近事","实事实人,有凭有据",甚至是"以传奇为信史"的历史剧.[答案]:正确20.七月派诗歌流派,是指1932年之后围绕《现代》杂志的一批诗人,包括戴望舒,何其芳,卞之琳,废名,林庚等.[答案]:错误21.1976年4月5日前后,在首都北京天安门广场爆发了一场气壮山河的群众性诗歌运动.这是当代中国历史的重大事件,也是中国文学史上的一座丰碑,它的意义远远超过了文学自身. [答案]:正确22.《面朝大海,春暖花开》中,诗人将直抒胸臆与暗示.象征手法结合起来,使全诗既清澈又深厚,既明朗又含蓄,畅快淋漓而又凝重.丰富,抒发了诗人向往幸福而又孤独凄凉之情.[答案]:正确23.《松堂游记》按时间顺序谋篇布局,文章脉络清楚,布局井然,取材平常事件,虽无波折,但娓娓道来,语言朴素自然,读来通畅流利,引人遐想.[答案]:错误24.《中年》运用先扬后抑的手法,语言幽默诙谐,描写细腻.[答案]:错误25.《第二次握手》是浩然所著的一本小说,是文革期间流行的手抄本代表作,文革期间列为禁书,1979年作者平反,作品公开出版,引起巨大反响.[答案]:错误26."评书体"小说样式指善于运用群众喜闻乐见的民间艺术语言,在《小二黑结婚》中,这个特点尤为突出.[答案]:正确27.在话剧《雷雨》中,蘩漪,三十年的悲惨遭遇.痛苦已经使她尝尽了人间的酸辛,也把她磨炼得坚强勇敢.始终保持着自己的刚毅.顽强.对冷酷的现实,却没有清醒的认识,把自己的厄运归之于"命".[答案]:错误28.《雷雨》在语言上有一语双关的作用,既突出了人物特点,又深化了戏剧的矛盾冲突.[答案]:正确29.《茶馆》的戏剧结构是独特的,称为"图卷戏".作品没有一个完整的情节线索,没有贯穿始终的矛盾冲突,而是以众多人物的活动带动情节发展.[答案]:错误30.《茶馆》语言幽默,具有个性化,善于根据人物的身份和性格,选取符合他们心理的语言.如满清时旗人松二爷的语言豪爽耿直,带有闯荡多年的侠气和饱经沧桑的沉重感,最后在穷困潦倒中,绝望地喊出:"我爱咱们的国呀,可是谁爱我呢?"[答案]:错误三、填空题1.目前我们国家所知最早的文字是(###).[答案]:甲骨文2.最早北方音系的曲韵是(###).[答案]:《中原音韵》3.现存最完整的韵书是(###).[答案]:《广韵》4.意义互相矛盾或对立的词是(###).[答案]:反义词5.读书百遍,(###).[答案]:其义自见6.《离骚》与《诗经》的"国风"并称为(###)[答案]:"风骚"7.帝子降兮北渚,(###).[答案]:目眇眇兮愁予8.《古诗十九首》最早见于南朝(###)所编的《文选》.[答案]:萧统9.行行重行行,(###).[答案]:与君生别离10.何以解忧?(###).[答案]:唯有杜康11.被称为"浔阳三隐"的有周续之.刘遗民.(###).[答案]:陶渊明12采菊东篱下,(###).[答案]:悠然见南山13.孔子,名丘,字(###).[答案]:仲尼14.天时不如地利,(###).[答案]:地利不如人和15."彼亦一是非,此亦一是非","是亦一无穷,非亦一无穷"出自于庄子的(###).[答案]:《齐物论》16.班固的(###)是我国第一部纪传体断代史.[答案]:《汉书》17.(###)所作的《陈情表》以孝亲之情为依据,感人肺腑.[答案]:李密18.初唐时宫廷诗风的代表作家是(###),他"绮错婉媚"的诗歌广为流传,时人称之为"上官体",并纷纷仿效.[答案]:上官仪19.号称"以孤篇横绝全唐"的七言歌行《春江花月夜》是(###)的作品. [答案]:张若虚20.空里流霜不觉飞,(###).[答案]:汀上白沙看不见21.《秋登万山寄张五》是唐代诗人(###)的作品.[答案]:孟浩然22.《秋登万山寄张五》中的名句是:天边树若荠,(###).[答案]:江畔洲如月23.天生我材必有用,(###).[答案]:千金散尽还复来24.无边落木萧萧下,(###).[答案]:不尽长江滚滚来25.《走马川行奉送出师西征》是唐代诗人(###)的作品.[答案]:岑参26.君不见走马川行雪海边(###)[答案]:平沙莽莽黄入天27."文章合为时而著,歌诗合为事而作"是由(###)提出的.[答案]:白居易28.(###),六宫粉黛无颜色.[答案]:回眸一笑百媚生29.黄庭坚体又称(###).[答案]:山谷体30.落木千山天远大,(###).[答案]:澄江一道月分明四、问答题1.汉字"六书"包括哪些?[答案]:象形.指事.会意.形声.转注.假借.2.作文的文体主要有哪些?各文体语言的表达方式是如何运用的?[答案]:主要有记叙文.议论文.说明文.散文.应用文等.一篇文章中可以有几种不同的语言表达方式,同时不同文体又各有侧重,说明文主要用说明的语言表达方式介绍事物;记叙文主要用叙述.描写的表达方式介绍事物;议论文主要用议论的表达方式,发表作者对某事.某物的看法.态度等;诗歌散文则以抒情为主,凭借某事物抒发作者的主观情感.应用文则主要为叙述.说明和议论.3.从表达方式的角度出发,试析下列这段文字:"对于常瑜来说,披上"白色战袍",驰援武汉打赢这场"没有硝烟的战争",是她职业生涯新的开始;对于梅才让来说,"不要让大山挡住孩子们的眼睛"的座右铭成为他扎根高原的初心;对于褚沣怡来说,戏曲是一把"穿越"的钥匙,十年苦功只为登台呈现最好的艺术品;对于孙国庆来说,一个拥有三十年历史小摊儿倾注了他半生热血,守住"品质"是他的秘诀;对于曹斌贤来说,直播带货只是自己的又一次挑战,在达到小目标之前不想错过每一个浪潮;对于夏浩洋来说,幼儿园老师这份职业给予了他丰富的想象空间,也在用热爱诠释百变人生……在常态化疫情防控形势下,还有许多人坚守着自己的"舞台".梦想不灭,光焰不熄,他们正在用切实行动诠释着这片土地上的澎湃活力."(人民网)[答案]:运用叙议结合的表达方式,在对不同角色坚守"战疫"的叙述中,融入对这些英雄人物的称颂,在议论中升华主题,又兼以抒情,同时排比与比喻的修辞增强文字的感染力与表现力,语言生动形象,简明有力.4.赏析《安塞腰鼓》选段,"它使你惊异于那农民衣着包裹着的躯体,那消化着红豆角角老南瓜的躯体,居然可以释放出那么奇伟磅礴的能量!"试论"能量"源自于哪?[答案]:"能量"源出于农民,"红豆角角老南瓜"的比拟写尽农民的沧桑,所以会"惊异",会感叹"居然",却正也是大自然所赋予的最原始的面貌,这种力量才是最初的,不经雕琢的,不掺杂质的最质朴的力量,是生命的力量,故而"奇伟磅礴",足以撼动人心.5.赏析《蒹葭》的朦胧意境,体会"在水一方"的意境之美.[答案]:《蒹葭》模糊的意象.环境的描写创造了朦胧美:空间和心理的距离产生朦胧美,从白露为霜,到白露未晞,再到白露未已,迷迷茫茫,似有若无,在水一方的伊人,在飘忽的水雾之中时隐时现,而追寻伊人的道路艰险遥远,组合而成的氛围自然也恍惚凄迷,飘忽朦胧,构成"在水一方"的独特意境.6.试论《诗经》风雅精神对后世的影响.[答案]:屈原诗歌的兼善风雅.汉乐府的"缘事而发"."建安诗歌的"风骨"精神,陈子昂倡导指出了"风雅兴寄"和"汉魏风骨"的光辉传统作.李白感慨"大雅久不作".杜甫的"别裁伪体亲风雅".白居易的"唯歌生民病",乃至南宋陆游.清末黄遵宪都与《诗经》的写实精神一脉相承.7.屈原的楚辞开创了哪些文学传统?[答案]:香草美人;士大夫的悲秋心理;悲秋主题;士不遇主题;忠怨形象.8.结合例子,试析汉乐府诗歌对叙事传统的影响.[答案]:汉乐府民歌中,叙事诗数量多,艺术性高,标志着我国叙事诗的成熟.具体体现在(1)有画面,(2)情节曲折完整,(3)人物形象,(4)详略,(5)叙事与抒情结合,如《东门行》是把握丈夫"拔剑东门去"的这一瞬间的画面.《陌上桑》是写罗敷与使君的斗智斗勇,《孔雀东南飞》则是写兰芝夫妇的爱情悲剧,展开有头有尾的完整故事,情节曲折,引人入胜,擅于剪裁,详略得当,在叙事中寄寓对爱情的歌颂与对封建家长制的控诉,而且诗中还出现了贯穿全篇的中心人物,如《孔雀东南飞》中的刘兰芝与焦仲卿,《陌上桑》中的罗敷,《妇病行》中的病妇与丈夫,《孤儿行》中的孤儿,形象鲜明,有一定的性格特征.9.分析《陌上桑》中罗敷的形象,具体又是怎么塑造和刻画的?[答案]:罗敷是位年轻美貌的采桑女,被一个巡行郡县的使君看中,欲行非礼,被罗敷严词拒绝.作品一开始就用正面铺叙与侧面烘托的手法,以及细节描写,突出罗敷的美,以引出下文使君垂涎的情节,同时用外貌美来陪衬她的心灵美.接着写使君的调戏与罗敷的反抗,通过义正辞严的对话,用上层统治者荒淫无耻的对比反衬罗敷的不畏强暴.蔑视权贵的高贵品质与善于临机应变的机智勇敢.10.以《饮酒·其五》为例,分析陶渊明平淡自然的风格.[答案]:陶诗的平淡风格体现在思想内容贴近自然,富于真情实感,语言平易,不假雕饰,且意境鲜明,耐人寻味,尤其注意对意象的整体把握,注意构图的和谐统一,因而能创造出一种似浅而实深的意境,语言上一切都以他所要表达的意境为目标,而不以雕章丽句为能事.他写的都是平平常常.眼见耳闻的事物,发自内心深处的真情实感,因而用的也是平平常常的生活语言.词汇.如《饮酒·其五》,"结庐在人境,而无车马喧"诗起首作者言自己虽然居住在人世间,但并无世俗的交往来打扰.为何处人境而无车马喧的烦恼?因为"心远地自偏",只要内心能远远地摆脱世俗的束缚,那么即使处于喧闹的环境里,也如同居于僻静之地."结庐在人境"四句,就是写他精神上在摆脱了世俗环境的干扰之后所产生的感受."问君何能尔?心远地自偏"中的"心远"是远离官场,更进一步说,是远离尘俗,超凡脱俗.体现人的生命与自然的统一和谐,把哲理寄寓在形象之中.诗人在自己的庭园中随意地采摘菊花,偶然间抬起头来,目光恰与南山相会."悠然见南山"的"悠然"不仅属于人,也属于山,人闲逸而自在,山静穆而高远.写出了作者那种恬淡闲适.对生活无所求的心境."采菊"这一动作不是一般的动作,它包含着诗人超脱尘世,热爱自然的情趣."见"字表现了诗人看山不是有意之为,而是采菊时,无意间,山入眼帘."山气日夕佳,飞鸟相与还"这两句是景物描写.日暮的岚气,若有若无,浮绕于峰际;成群的鸟儿,结伴而飞,归向山林.表现自然的运动,因其无意志目的.无外求,所以平静.充实.完美.人既然是自然的一部分,也应该具有自然的本性,在整个自然运动中完成其个体生命.这就是人与自然的和谐统一.这时我们隐隐可知诗人不光在勉励自己"还",含蓄寄托了与山林为伍的情意,还在规劝其他人;两句虽是写景,实是抒情悟理."此中有真意,欲辨已忘言."诗末两句,诗人言自己的从大自然的美景中领悟到了人生的意趣,表露了纯洁自然的恬淡心情.诗里的"此中",我们可以理解为此时此地(秋夕篱边),也可理解为整个田园生活.所谓"忘言",实是说恬美安闲的田园生活才是自己真正的人生,而这种人生的乐趣,只能意会,不可言传,也无需叙说.这充分体现了诗人安贫乐贱.励志守节的高尚品德.这两句说的是这里边有人生的真义,想辨别出来,却忘了怎样用语言表达."忘言"通俗地说,就是不知道用什么语言来表达,只可意会,不可言传."至情言语即无声",这里强调一个"真"字,指出辞官归隐乃是人生的真谛.因此这首诗是陶诗平淡风格的典范代表.11.翻译:公曰:"姜氏欲之,焉辟害?"对曰:"姜氏何厌之有!不如早为之所,无使滋蔓,蔓难图也.蔓草犹不可除,况君之宠弟乎!"[答案]:庄公说:"姜氏想要这样,我怎能躲开这种祸害呢?"祭仲回答说:"姜氏哪有满足的时候!不如及早处置,别让祸根滋长蔓延,一滋长蔓延就难办了.蔓延开来的野草还不能铲除干净,何况是您受宠爱的弟弟呢?"12.结合《郑伯克段于鄢》的情节,分析郑庄公的人物形象.[答案]:郑庄公老谋深算,阴险狡猾.主要表现在对自己的同胞兄弟"纵其欲而使之放,充分暴露共叔段的"不义".所以当姜氏"请京",太叔"收贰"时,他都尽量满足,并驳回大臣们的建议.但当共叔段"将袭郑"时,他先发制人,一举把他赶到了"共",绝除后患.庄公的阴险,还表现在对待母亲明显违反原则的请求(如"请京"),也不劝阻;对待弟弟的越轨行为(如"收贰"等),从不进行教育,有意养成共叔段的恶性.13.根据《子路曾皙冉有公西华侍坐》,分析孔子四个弟子的不同特征.[答案]:子路:有抱负,坦诚,性格也比较鲁莽.轻率.曾皙:懂礼爱乐,洒脱高雅,卓尔不群.冉有:谦虚谨慎,说话很有分寸.公西华:谦恭有礼,娴于辞令.14.《孟子·公孙丑下》(天时地利人和)一文的论证特点.[答案]:(1)逐层论证,层层深入.文章第1段,开门见山提出中心论点,接着运用战例,分别论证了"天时不如地利","地利不如人和",突出了"人和"的重要;第4段进一步阐发,说明,欲得"人和",必先要"得道".全文紧紧围绕得"人和"这一中心,环环相扣,逐层推理,显示出极其严密的论证艺术和极强的逻辑性.(2)论证中运用排比.对比等手法,使文章气势恢宏,笔酣墨畅,结构缜密.(3)文章上部分运用举例说明,下部分运用对比说明的方法.更加突出其论点.15.从张若虚《春江花月夜》中的意象构建,体会其中的情感和意境.[答案]:全诗紧扣题目春.江.花.月.夜五字来写.诗人写月下的江流.月下的芳甸.月下的花树.月下的沙汀,这一切都因为有了迷人的月色,显得更加朦胧.神秘而又和谐美丽.面对这如同梦幻般的光明澄澈的境界,诗人由对宇宙自然的美及其永恒的叹赏进而生发出人生短暂的惆怅;由月下江水的流逝进而联想到驾着扁舟在江中飘泊的游子和思念游子的闺中少妇;在自然与人生相互对比和映衬中抒发对人生的感喟.月夜的美景因这些富于哲理意味的诗句而增添神秘气氛,望月怀人的情绪又因这种对宇宙无穷的思索而变得深沉.幽邃.16.通过李白的《将进酒》,分析李白的自我形象.[答案]:这首诗非常形象地表现了李白狂放,纵酒,坦荡,豪放,桀骜不驯(外在);对自己充满自信,孤高自傲,在政治前途出现波折后,又流露出纵情享乐之情.在这首诗里,李白演绎庄子的乐生哲学,表示对富贵.圣贤的藐视.而在豪饮行乐中,实则深含怀才不遇之情.(内心)17.宋人罗大经称"此十四字之间含有八意:万里,地之远也.秋,时之惨也.作客,羁旅也.常作客,久旅也.百年,暮齿也.多病,衰疾也.台,高迥处也.独登台,无亲朋也."试分析这十四字,体会杜甫的语言特征.(杜甫《登高》"万里悲秋常作客,百年多病独登台")[答案]:十四个字包含了他此时此刻极为丰富复杂的思想情绪:"万里"写远离家乡的思乡之情;"悲秋"写萧瑟季节给人的凄凉感受;"常作客"说明这种飘泊异乡的生涯竟是了无期限的;"百年"悲叹人生短暂,年岁迟暮;"多病"指出疾病缠身,形容憔悴衰颓,更添苦恼;"独登台"点明亲朋凋谢,自己孤身流落异乡的孤单寂寞.这种种人生痛苦一齐向诗人袭来,叫诗人怎能不"苦恨繁霜鬓"呢?然而由于有病,诗人不得不"潦倒新停浊酒杯",连销愁的机会都没有了.这首诗以如此概括的语言,抒写如此复杂而又深沉的思想感情,我们不能不佩服诗人驾驭语言的高超技巧.从这首诗也可看出杜诗"句无剩字".语言高度概括集中的特点.18.杜甫为何能被称为"诗史"?[答案]:杜甫饱尝兵荒马乱.家人离散的忧患痛苦,做官.陷贼.流亡.遭贬,生活体验异常丰富,创作也较多,今存诗二百四十九首.由于他和人民一起感受到战争的痛苦,从满目疮痍的村落间观察了肃宗的"中兴",因而在作品中能更客观地描述时代的真实,许多诗篇对战火和灾荒中人民的苦难有深刻的反映,叙事性强,强烈的政治性和炽热的忧国忧民感情,也是杜甫的突出特色,因而有着"诗史"的伟大意义.19.试论盛唐边塞诗的特点.[答案]:其一,边塞诗派的诗人们虽然还有许多其他题材的作品甚至名篇,但大都关心边塞国事.抒发报国豪情.描写边塞生活和绝塞风光.其二,除此之外还刻画边关将士的壮志豪情.其三,他们的创作风格各有特色,但大都意气昂扬,情调豪放,慷慨悲壮,富于阳刚和动感之美.其四,在艺术形式上,边塞诗人多采用七言歌行和七绝,并对这两种体裁的发展作出了贡献.20.白居易《长恨歌》中体现了什么思想感情?[答案]:《长恨歌》描写李隆基和杨玉环的故事.描写了一个"天长地久有时尽,此恨绵绵无绝期"的爱情悲剧.同时开头以"汉皇重色思倾国"微露婉讽意旨,并在前一部分对李隆基荒淫失政.沉溺于与杨玉环的爱情享乐,以致"渔阳鼙鼓动地来"."宛转蛾眉马前死"的后果进行严肃的批判,明确揭示了"长恨"之因.随后以全诗三分之二以上的篇幅想像和渲染马嵬之变后两人"天上人间"的刻骨思念,对爱情悲剧主人公的"长恨"寄予极大同情.。
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《大学语文、大学英语》综合模拟题大学语文部分：一、选择题（每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个是正确答案，请将正确选项前的字母填在答题卡中相应的位置，否则无效。
1、“多行不义必自毙”这句话出自：（ A ）A.《郑伯克段于鄢》B.《论语》 C .《孟子》 D .《李将军列传》2、北宋豪放词的开创者是：（ D ）A. 辛弃疾B. 李清照C. 陆游D. 苏轼3、从体裁上看，《饮酒》（结庐在人境）是：（ A ）A. 五言古诗B. 五言律诗C. 五言绝句D. 乐府诗4、下列作品中属于乐府旧题的是：（ D ）A. 《虞美人》B. 《八声甘州》C. 《水调歌头》D. 《从军行》5、屈原根据战国时期楚地民间祭神乐歌加工而成的组诗是：（ C ）A. 《离骚》B. 《天问》C.《九歌》D. 《九章》6、.老舍最成功的话剧作品是（ C ）A.二马B.日出C.茶馆D.四世同堂7、下列诗句中引发议论的是（ B ）A.桑之未落，其叶沃若B.于嗟鸠兮，无食桑葚C.淇水汤汤，渐车帷裳D.淇则有岸，隰则有泮8、下列各句中，综合运用两种说明方法的是( B )A.古书里最早提到菊花的，恐怕要算《礼记·月令》的“菊有黄华”和《离骚》里的“夕餐秋菊之落英”了B.只要沙漠面部的沙子是细沙而干燥，含有大部分石英，被太阳晒得火热后，经风的吹拂或人马的走动，沙粒移动磨擦起来便会发出声音，这便是鸣沙C.《史记·苏秦列传》里有段故事：“信如尾生，与女子期于梁下，女子不来，水至不去，抱柱而死”D.在母亲的乳汁中混进来的食客，以“乳枝杆菌”一族为最多，占百分之九十九9、李白《登金陵凤凰台》，在“凤凰台上凤凰游，凤去台空江自流”之后感叹人事变迁的诗句是（ D ）A.旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家B.南朝四百八十寺，多少楼台烟雨中C.吴宫花草埋幽径，晋代衣冠成古丘D.总为浮云能蔽日，长安不见使人愁10、被称为是“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”的作品是（ B ）A.《汉书》B.《史记》C.《战国策》D.《红楼梦》11、《郑伯克段于鄢》这篇文章选自：（ B ）A.《战国策》B.《左传》C.《汉书》D.《史记》12、“问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流”这两句采用了什么修辞手法：（ D ）A.夸张B.拟人C.排比D.比兴13、谥号“靖节先生”的诗人是：（ C ）A. 杜甫B. 李白C. 陶渊明D. 曹操14、“精神上的缺陷没有一种是不能由相当的学问来补救的”一语出自：（ A ）A. 培根B. 莫泊桑C. 欧·亨利D. 契柯夫15、唐代号称青莲居士的诗人是：（ C ）A. 杜甫B. 王维C. 李白D. 王昌龄16、楚辞的开创者是：（ C ）A. 孔子B. 孟子C. 屈原D. 宋玉17、茅盾的三部曲系列小说有（ D ）A.爱情三部曲B.蚀C.子夜D.春蚕18、《种树郭橐驼传》的主要创作意图是（ D ）A.赞扬郭橐驼的种树技术B.揭露统治者的政令扰民C.传播郭橐驼的种树经验D.借“养树”之道喻“养民”之道19、《迢迢牵牛星》最主要运用的手法是（ C ）A.比喻B.比较C.比兴D.象征20、盛唐山水田园诗派中，与王维齐名并称的著名诗人是（ C ）A．王昌龄B．岑参C．孟浩然D．高适21、下列传记作品中，带有寓言色彩的是：（ B ）A.《张中丞传后叙》B.《种树郭橐驼传》C.《马伶传》D.《李将军列传》22、柳永《八声甘州》（对潇潇暮雨洒江天）一词所表达的主要内容是：（ C ）A. 仕途失意B. 伤春惜别C. 羁旅行役之苦D. 伤古叹今之悲23、《选择与安排》选自朱光潜的文集是：（ D ）A. 《悲剧心理学》B. 《文艺心理学》C. 《诗论》D. 《谈文学》24、下列各组词语中字的读音，与所给注音全都相同的一组是：（ A ）A. 恶wu，憎恶，可恶，深恶痛绝，好逸恶劳B. 哄hóng，起哄，哄骗，一哄而散，哄堂大笑C.载zai，记载，登载，千载难逢，怨声载道D. 强qiang，勉强，强迫，强弩之末，强词夺理。
25、莫伯桑在文坛上崭露头角的成名作是（ D ）A.俊友B.苦恼C.一生D.羊脂球26、茅盾的第一部长篇小说是（ D ）A.子夜B.春蚕C.林家铺子D.幻灭27、李密《陈情表》是一篇（ C ）A.书信B.小说C.奏疏D.传记28、《山居秋暝》是一首（ A ）A.山水诗B.边塞诗C.爱情诗D.寓言诗29、汤显祖的代表作是（ B ）A.《邯郸记》B.《牡丹亭》C.《南柯记》D.《宝剑记》30、培根是16世纪的：（ C ）A. 法国哲学家B. 俄国文学家C. 英国唯物主义哲学家D. 德国政治理论家31、《心灵的灰烬》的作者是：（ D ）A. 梁启超B. 朱自清C. 朱光潜D.傅雷32、《张中丞传后叙》歌颂的三个人物是（ A ）A张巡、许远、南霁云B张巡、许远、于嵩C张巡、许远、雷万春D张巡、于嵩、雷万春33、刘义庆的《世说新语》是一部（ C ）A.讽刺小说集B.传奇小说集C.笔记小说集D.志怪小说集34、主张“唯陈言之务去”的文学家是：（ A ）A. 韩愈B. 柳宗元C. 苏轼D. 王安石35、《诗经》中的十五国风大多是：（ D ）A. 正声雅乐B. 贵族诗歌C. 宗庙祭祀乐歌D. 民间歌谣二．文言文阅读：阅读《鹧鸪天》（重过阊门万事非）中的一段文字：重过阊门万事非，同来何事不同归?梧桐半死清霜后，头白鸳鸯失伴飞。
原上草，露初晞，旧栖新垅两依依。
空床卧听南窗雨，谁复挑灯夜补衣?1．概括这首词的情感内容。
答：表现了词人对亡妻的深厚感情和无限思念。
2．指出上片所用的比喻及其比喻意义。
答：梧桐半死和白天鸳鸯喻恩爱夫妻中年丧偶清霜喻年老白头喻年老，且有白头偕老的喻意露初晞喻新近丧偶，且有生命短暂之叹3．下片运用了哪些抒情手法?答：借景抒情，借事抒情，接举止抒情，借典故抒情，借比喻抒情阅读《张中丞传后叙》中的一段文字：及城陷，贼缚巡等数十人坐，且将戮。
巡起旋，其众见巡起，或起或泣。
巡曰：“汝勿怖！死，命也。
”众泣不能仰视。
巡就戮时，颜色不乱，阳阳如平常。
4．这里表现出张巡怎样的性格特点?答：从容镇定，视死如归。
5．文中运用了哪几种人物描写方法?答：语言描写，侧面描写，肖像描写。
6．指出文中侧面烘托张巡形象的句子。
答：其众见巡起，或起或泣。
巡曰：“汝勿怖！死，命也。
”众泣不能仰视。
阅读《赵武灵王胡服骑射》中一段文字：王自往请之，曰：“吾国东有齐、中山，北有燕、东胡，西有楼烦、秦、韩之边。
今无骑射之备，则何以守之哉?先时中山负齐之强兵，侵暴吾地，系累吾民，引水围鄗；微社稷之神灵，则鄗几于不守也，先君丑之。
故寡人变服骑射，欲以备四境之难，报中山之怨。
而叔顺中国之俗，恶变服之名，以忘鄗事之丑，非寡人之所望也。
”公子成听命，乃赐胡服，明日服而朝。
于是始出胡服令，而招骑射焉。
请回答：7．这里记叙了赵武灵王坚持推行胡服骑射的哪一个举措？答：亲自登门做说服工作，以国家利益为重的举措。
8．这里塑造人物形象采用了何种描写手法？答：语言描写9．赵武灵王推行胡服骑射的主要原因是什么？答：为了国家的强盛。
三、现代文阅读：阅读《纪念傅雷》中的一段文字：傅雷的性格，最突出的是他的刚直。
在青年时候，他的刚直还近于狂妄。
所以孔子说：“好刚不好学，其蔽也狂。
”傅雷从昆明回来以后，在艺术的涵养，知识学问的累积之后，他才成为具有浩然之气的儒家之刚者，这种刚直的品德，在任何社会中，都是难得见到的，连孔子也说过：“吾未见刚者。
”傅雷之死，完成了他的崇高品德，今天我也不必说“愿你安息吧”，只愿他的刚劲，永远弥漫于知识分子中间。
请回答：1．“浩然之气”见于何书?它的内涵是什么?答：《孟子》内涵是：至大至刚，充塞天地的正气。
2．这两段文字与前文相比，在表达方式上有何不同?它起何作用? 答：这两段文字采用了议论的表达方式；这个议论的作用是：赞扬了傅雷的刚直品德。
3．这段文字表达了作者怎样的心愿?答：希望像傅雷的刚直精神能够永远弥漫于知识分子中间。
阅读《如何避免愚蠢的见识》中的一段文字：就我所知，处理这个普遍存在的人类自高自大问题的唯一方法就是，要经常提醒自己，在茫茫宇宙中一个小小角落的一颗小小星球的生命史上，人类仅仅是一个短短的插曲，而且说不定宇宙中其他地方还有一些生物，他们优越于我们的程度不亚于我们优越于水母的程度。
请回答：4．这段文字中什么地方体现出人的认识要受到时空的限制?什么地方体现出人的认识会受到智能的限制? 答：受到时空限制：在茫茫宇宙中一个小小角落的一颗小小星球的生命史上，人类仅仅是一个短短的插曲；受到智能的限制：宇宙中其他地方还有一些生物，他们优越于我们的程度不亚于我们优越于水母的程度。
5．概括这段文字的大意。
答：宇宙无限，人的认识有限6．这里主要运用了怎样的论证方法?答：主要运用类比论证方法。
（内中也有对比论证方法）阅读《都江堰》中的一段文字：它（都江堰）的水流不像万里长城那样突兀在外，而是细细浸润、节节延伸，延伸的距离并不比长城短。
长城的文明是一种僵硬的雕塑，它的文明是一种灵动的生活。
长城摆出一副老资格等待人们的修缮，它却卑处一隅，像一位绝不炫耀、毫无所求的乡间母亲，只知贡献。
一查履历，长城还只是它的后辈。
7．作者为什么说都江堰的文明“是一种灵动的生活”？答：因为都江堰细细浸润，是流动，同时与人民的生活息息相关。
8．作者把都江堰比作“乡间母亲”的含义是什么？答：把都江堰比作"乡间母亲"，她淳朴无闻，在平凡的生活中哺育了一代又一代人9．文中主要运用了怎样的表现手法？有什么好处？答：运用了对比和拟人的手法。
可以突出都江堰的特点阅读《爱尔克的灯光》中的一段文字，回答问题：我高兴地来，痛苦地去。
汽车离站时我心里的确充满了留恋。
但是清晨的微风，路上的尘土，马达的叫吼，车轮的滚动，和广大田野里一片盛开的菜子花，这一切驱散了我的离愁。
我不顾同行者的劝告，把头伸到车窗外面，去呼吸广大天幕下的新鲜空气。
我很高兴，自己又一次离开了狭小的家，走向广大的世界中去!10．这里用了哪几种人物描写方法?答：心理描写，景物描写11．“但是清晨的微风……”一句在文中起什么作用?答：形象地表达了作者对外面世界的向往，外面的精彩世界驱散了作者的离愁，写出了作者渴望到外面世界的理想与追求。
12．说明这段文字中“我”的感情。
答：写出了我对新生活的理想与追求。
阅读舒婷《祖国啊，我亲爱的祖国》中的一节：我是你簇新的理想，刚从神话的蛛网里挣脱；我是你雪被下古莲的胚芽；我是你挂着眼泪的笑涡；我是新刷出的雪白的起跑线；是绯红的黎明正在喷薄；——祖国啊! 请回答：13．概括这节诗的中心旨意。
答：用一组富于生机活力的意象，象征祖国正如东升的旭日喷薄而起。
14．这里运用了什么表现方法?答：象征手法，用新颖传神的意象象征改革开放的祖国。