china meteorological forcing dataset
基于多源数据的安吉白茶产量遥感估算研究
基于多源数据的安吉白茶产量遥感估算探究摘要：安吉白茶是一种以中国浙江安吉县为产区的珍贵茶叶，其生长环境多变，特殊是受到气候变化的影响较大，因此对其产量的准确估算显得尤为重要。
本探究基于多源数据，包括植被指数、地表温度、降水等参数数据，通过遥感技术进行安吉白茶产量的遥感估算。
起首利用Landsat8 OLI遥感影像提取出安吉白茶种植区域的陆地遮盖数据，结合MODIS地表温度与植被指数数据对种植区域进行土地遮盖类型分类，接受谷粒多普勒雷达图像实现了地形高程信息的得到。
其次，利用Meteorological Forcing Dataset for Land Surface Model (MFDLSM)得到了安吉县的土地利用类型和地表温度、降水数据，融合在一起得到不同月份的作物生长期的土地利用类型影像，通过NDVI、EVI等指数的时空差异性，依据多元线性回归模型反演得到安吉白茶产量，并验证了该方法的准确性和可行性。
关键词：安吉白茶，遥感技术，多源数据，地表温度，降水，产量估算Abstract:Anji white tea is a precious tea with Anji County, Zhejiang Province, China being its primary production area. Due to its changeable growth environment, especially the impact of climate change, the accurate estimation of its yield is particularly important. Based on multi-source data, including vegetation index, land surface temperature, precipitation and other parameter data, this study carried out remote sensing estimation of Anji white tea yield. Firstly, the land cover data of the Anji white tea planting area was extracted from Landsat8 OLI remote sensing image. Combined with MODIS land surface temperature and vegetation index data, we classified the land cover type of the planting area, and obtained thetopographic elevation information by means of grain Doppler radar images. Secondly, using the Meteorological Forcing Dataset for Land Surface Model (MFDLSM), we obtained the land use type and land surface temperature and precipitation data in Anji County. We fused them together to obtain land use type images during the crop growth period of different months. The yield of Anji white tea was then determined by multi-linear regression model inversion according to the temporal and spatial differences of NDVI and EVI indexes, and the accuracy and feasibility of the method were verified.Keywords: Anji white tea; remote sensing technology; multi-source data; land surface temperature; precipitation; yield estimation。
多源气象数据融合格点实况产品研制进展
多源气象数据融合格点实况产品研制进展
资助课题：国 家 重 点 研 发 计 划 （２０１８ＹＦＣ１５０６６０１）、国 家 自 然 科 学 基 金 项 目 （９１４３７２２０）、公 益 性 行 业 （气 象 ）科 研 专 项 经 费 项 目 （ＧＹ ＨＹ２０１３０６０４５，ＧＹＨＹ２０１５０６００２）、国 家 气 象 科 技 创 新 工 程 ——— “气 象 资 料 质 量 控 制 及 多 源 数 据 融 合 与 再 分 析 ”攻 关 任 务 。
源观测资料 及 多 模 式 模 拟 数 据，获 得 高 精 度、高 质 量、时空连续的多源 数 据 融 合 气 象 格 点 产 品 是 行 之 有效的手段。多源 气 象 数 据 融 合 研 究 重 点 是，地 面 站点观测数据与卫 星、雷 达 等 遥 感 手 段 获 取 的 面 观 测 数 据 ，不 同 分 辨 率 面ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ观 测 数 据 之 间 的 时 、空 匹 配 技 术 ，以 及 不 同 观 测 之 间 系 统 性 偏 差 订 正 技 术 ，多 源 观 测资料融合分析技术等。中外多源数据融合气象格
国 家 气 象 信 息 中 心 ，北 京 ，１０００８１ 犖犪狋犻狅狀犪犾犕犲狋犲狅狉狅犾狅犵犻犮犪犾犐狀犳狅狉犿犪狋犻狅狀犆犲狀狋犲狉，犅犲犻犼犻狀犵１０００８１，犆犺犻狀犪 ２０１８０６２７ 收 稿 ，２０１９０１０８ 改 回 ．
师春香，潘，谷军霞，徐宾，韩帅，朱智，张雷，孙帅，姜志伟．２０１９．多源气象数据融合格点实况产品 研 制 进 展．气 象 学 报，７７ （４）：７７４７８３ 犛犺犻犆犺狌狀狓犻犪狀犵，犘犪狀犢犪狀犵，犌狌犑狌狀狓犻犪，犡狌犅犻狀，犎犪狀犛犺狌犪犻，犣犺狌犣犺犻，犣犺犪狀犵犔犲犻，犛狌狀犛犺狌犪犻，犑犻犪狀犵犣犺犻狑犲犻．２０１９．犃狉犲狏犻犲狑狅犳 犿狌犾狋犻狊狅狌狉犮犲犿犲狋犲狅狉狅犾狅犵犻犮犪犾犱犪狋犪犳狌狊犻狅狀狆狉狅犱狌犮狋狊．犃犮狋犪犕犲狋犲狅狉狅犾狅犵犻犮犪犛犻狀犻犮犪，７７（４）：７７４７８３
4.4 Reading and writing(同步练习)-2020-2021学年上学期高一英语(人教版新教材必修第一册)(解析版)
人教版必修一·U4第四课时随堂训练（解析版）一、单项选择（共8小题）1. I can never understand the reason _______ he explained to me.A．why B．that C．when D．Where2. It’s such a difficult problem _______ nobody can work out.A．as B．that C．which D．so that3. He bought a new building ________top is different from those of the others around.A．what B．which C．that D．Whose4. It is in the hall can house 10,000 people the opening ceremony of the Global 5G Technology Summit will be held.A．which;that B．where;that C．which;who D．where; whom5. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affectedA．whose B．that C．who D．Which6. As President, he appointed men to high government positions ________ he considered most capable, ________ some of them openly defied his authority.A．which … as though B．/ … thoughC．which … even if D．whom … as though7. The movie Jurassic Park was a big hit, with its novel idea ___________ a mixture of fear and excitement into people’s hearts.A．strikes B．struck C．to strike D．Striking8. It ________ me that nobody is in favour of the new changes.A．catches B．bears C．charges D．strikes【答案与解析】1.考查定语从句。
2001年中国气象辐射资料年册
中国气象辐射资料年册 ANNUAL SOLAR RADIATION DATA OF CHINA2001年国家气象中心NATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL CENTER前言太阳辐射是地球大气运动的主要能源，也是地球气候形成的最重要因子。
多年来的实践证明，太阳辐射观测资料在对大气运动规律研究、气候预测、农作物产量评估、气候资源的开发利用等研究领域是必不可少的基础数据，《中国气象辐射资料年册》是国家气象中心定期出版的气象资料产品之一。
随着社会的发展和人类的进步，包括气候变化在内的环境问题越来越受到国际社会和广大民众的关注，与气候有关的资源问题已经成为制约可持续发展的因素之一，天气气候与国民经济和人们的日常生活更加密切。
愿我们的气象信息资源在国民经济建设中发挥出更大的作用，为您提供更全面更完美的气象信息服务。
本期责任编辑：王颖资料审核：孙化南杨燕茹终审：王颖目录(LIST)前言(Intrduction)说明(Explanatory Note)z北京(Beijing)54511 北京(Beijng) (1)z天津(Tianjin)54527 天津(Tianjin) (2)z河北(Hebei)54539 乐亭(Leting) (3)z山西(Sanxi)53487 大同(Datong) (51)53772 太原(Taiyuan) (4)53963 侯马(Houma) (51)z内蒙古(Naimenggu)50527 呼伦贝尔盟(海拉尔)(Hailaer) (5)50834 索伦(Sulen) (52)52267 额济纳旗(Ejiniqi) (6)53068 二连浩特(Erlianhaote) (7)53336 乌拉特中方旗海流图(Hailiutu) (52)53543 伊克昭盟东胜(Dongshen) (53)54102 锡林郭勒盟（锡林浩特）(Xilinhaote) (53)54135 通辽(Tongliao) (54)z辽宁(Liaoning)54324 朝阳(Chaoyang) (54)54342 沈阳(Shenyang) (8)54662 大连(dalian) (55)z吉林(Jiling)54161 长春(changchun) (9)54292 延吉(Yuanjie) (55)z黑龙江(Heilongjiang)50136 漠河(Mohe) (10)50468 黑河(Heihe) (11)50742 富裕(Fuyu) (56)50873 佳木斯(Jiamusi) (56)50953 哈尔滨(Haerbing) (12)z上海(Shanghai)58362 上海(Shanghai) (13)z江苏(Jiangsu)58144 清江(Qingjiang) (57)58238 南京(Nanjing) (14)58265 吕泗(Lusi) (57)z浙江(Zhijiang)58457 杭州(Hangzhou) (15)58665 洪家(Hongjia) (58)z安徽(Anhui)58321 合肥(Hefei) (16)58531 屯溪(Tunxi) (58)z福建(Fujian)58737 建瓯(Jianou) (59)58847 福州(Fuzhou) (17)z江西(Jiangxi)57993 赣州(Gangzhou) (59)58606 南昌(Nanchang) (18)z山东(Shandong)54764 烟台(Yantai) (19)54823 济南(Jinan) (20)54936 莒县(Juxian) (60)z河南(Henan)57083 郑州(Zhengzhou) (21)57178 南阳(Nanyyang) (60)58208 固始(Gushi) (61)z湖北(hubei)57461 宜昌(Yichang) (61)57494 武汉(Wuhan) (22)z湖南(Hunan)57649 吉首(Jishou) (62)57687 长沙(Changsha) (23)57874 常宁(Changning) (62)z广东(Guangdong)59287 广州(Guangzhou) (24)59316 汕头(Santou) (25)z广西(Guanxi)57957 桂林(Guailing) (26)59431 南宁(Nanning) (27)59644 北海(Baihai) (63)z海南(Hainan)59758 海口(Haikou) (28)59948 三亚(Sanya) (29)59981 西沙(Xisha) (63)z重庆(Chongqing)57516 重庆(Chongqing) (30)z四川(Sichuan)56146 甘孜(Gangzi) (64)56173 红原(Hongyuan) (64)56196 绵阳(Miangyang) (65)56385 峨眉山(Emeishan) (65)56666 攀枝花(Panzhihua) (66)57602 泸州(Luzhou) (66)z贵州(Guizhou)57816 贵阳(Guiyang) (32)z云南(Yunnan)56651 丽江(Lijiang) (67)56739 腾冲(Tengcong) (67)56778 昆明(Kunming) (33)56959 景洪(Jinghong) (34)56985 蒙自(Mengzi) (68)z西藏(Xizang)55228 噶尔(Geer) (35)55299 那曲(Naque) (68)55591 拉萨(Lasa) (36)56137 昌都(Changduo) (37)z陕西(Shanxi)53845 延安(Yanan) (69)57036 西安(Xian) (38)57245 安康(Ankang) (69)z甘肃(Gansu)52418 敦煌(Dunhuang) (39)52533 酒泉(Jiuquan) (70)52681 民勤(Minqing) (70)52889 兰州(Lanzhou) (40)z青海(Qinghai)52754 刚察(Gangcha) (71)52818 格尔木(Geermu) (41)52866 西宁(xining) (42)56029 玉树(Yushu) (71)56043 果洛(Guolu) (72)z宁夏(ningxia)53614 银川(Yinchuan) (43)53817 固原(Guyuan) (72)z新疆(Xinjiang)51076 阿勒泰(Aletai) (44)51133 塔城(Tacheng) (45)51431 伊宁(Yining) (46)51463 乌鲁木齐(Urumuqi) (47)51567 焉耆(Yanqi) (73)51573 吐鲁番(Tuolufan) (73)51628 阿克苏(Akesuo) (74)51709 喀什(Kashi) (48)51828 和田(Hetian) (49)52203 哈密(Hami) (50)z台湾(暂缺)(Tianwan)附录(Appendix)…………………………………………………………………… (75-76)说 明<<中国气象辐射资料年册>>的资料来源于气象辐射信息化资料,其资料具有一定的代表性(除台湾省资料暂缺外),能较准确地、全面地反映我国太阳和地球的辐射基本状况,有助于了解我国全年不同时段内的能量收支情况,更好地为国民经济服务。
剑桥雅思阅读8原文翻译及答案（test3）
剑桥雅思阅读8原文翻译及答案(test3)店铺为大家整理收集了剑桥雅思阅读8真题解析：test3阅读原文解析，希望对各位考生的备考有所帮助,祝每位烤鸭考试顺利，都能取得好成绩!剑桥雅思阅读8原文(test3)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Striking Back at LightningWith LasersSeldom is the weather more dramatic than when thunderstorms strike. Their electrical fury inflicts death or serious injury on around 500 people each year in the United States alone. As the clouds roll in, a leisurely round of golf can become a terrifying dice with death — out in the open, a lone golfer may be a lightning bolt’s most inviting target. And there is damage to property too. Lightning damage costs American power companies more than $100 million a year.But researchers in the United States and Japan are planning to hit back. Already in laboratory trials they have tested strategies for neutralising the power of thunderstorms, and this winter they will brave real storms, equipped with an armoury of lasers that they will be pointing towards the heavens to discharge thunderclouds before lightning can strike.The idea of forcing storm clouds to discharge their lightning on command is not new. In the early 1960s, researchers tried firing rockets trailing wires into thunderclouds to set up an easy discharge path for the huge electric charges that these clouds generate. The technique survives to this day at a test site inFlorida run by the University of Florida, with support from the Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI), based in California. EPRI, which is funded by power companies, is looking at ways to protect the United States’ power grid from lightning strikes. ‘We can cause the lightning to strike where we want it to usin g rockets,’ says Ralph Bernstein, manager of lightning projects at EPRI. The rocket site is providing precise measurements of lightning voltages and allowing engineers to check how electrical equipment bears up.Bad behaviourBut while rockets are fine for research, they cannot provide the protection from lightning strikes that everyone is looking for. The rockets cost around $1,200 each, can only be fired at a limited frequency and their failure rate is about 40 per cent. And even when they do trigger lightning, things still do not always go according to plan. ‘Lightning is not perfectly well behaved,’ says Bernstein. ‘Occasionally, it will take a branch and go someplace it wasn’t supposed to go.’And anyway, who would want to fire streams of rockets in a p opulated area? ‘What goes up must come down,’ points out Jean-Claude Diels of the University of New Mexico. Diels is leading a project, which is backed by EPRI, to try to use lasers to discharge lightning safely —and safety is a basic requirement since no one wants to put themselves or their expensive equipment at risk. With around $500,000 invested so far, a promising system is just emerging from the laboratory.The idea began some 20 years ago, when high-powered lasers were revealing their ability to extract electrons out of atoms and create ions. If a laser could generate a line of ionisation in the air all the way up to a storm cloud, thisconducting path could be used to guide lightning to Earth, before the electric field becomes strong enough to break down the air in an uncontrollable surge. T o stop the laser itself being struck, it would not be pointed straight at the clouds. Instead it would be directed at a mirror, and from there into the sky. The mirror would be protected by placing lightning conductors close by. Ideally, the cloud-zapper (gun) would be cheap enough to be installed around all key power installations, and portable enough to be taken to international sporting events to beam up at brewing storm clouds.A stumbling blockHowever, there is still a big stumbling block. The laser is no nifty portable: it’s a monster that takes up a whole room. Diels is trying to cut down the size and says that a laser around the size of a small table is in the offing. He plans to test this more manageable system on live thunderclouds next summer.Bernstein says that Diels’s system is attracting lots of interest from the power companies. But they have not yet come up with the $5 million that EPRI says will be needed to develop a commercial system, by making the lasers yet smaller and cheaper. ‘I cannot say I have money yet, but I’m working on it,’ says Bernstein. He reckons that the forthcoming field tests will be the turning point —and he’s hoping for good news. Bernstein predicts ‘an avalanche of interest and support‘ if all goes well. He expects to see cloud-zappers eventually costing $50,000 to $100,000 each.Other scientists could also benefit. With a lightning ‘switch’ at their fingertips, materials scientists could find out what happens when mighty currents meet matter. Diels also hopes to see the birth of ‘interactive meteorology’ —not justforecasting the weather but controlling it. ‘If we could discharge clouds, we might affect the weather,’ he says.And perhaps, says Diels, we’ll be able to conf ront some other meteorological menaces. ‘We think we could prevent hail by inducing lightning,’ he says. Thunder, the shock wave that comes from a lightning flash, is thought to be the trigger for the torrential rain that is typical of storms. A laser thunder factory could shake the moisture out of clouds, perhaps preventing the formation of the giant hailstones that threaten crops. With luck, as the storm clouds gather this winter, laser-toting researchers could, for the first time, strike back.Questions 1-3Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.1 The main topic discussed in the text isA the damage caused to US golf courses and golf players by lightning strikes.B the effect of lightning on power supplies in the US and in Japan.C a variety of methods used in trying to control lightning strikes.D a laser technique used in trying to control lightning strikes.2 According to the text, every year lightningA does considerable damage to buildings during thunderstorms.B kills or injures mainly golfers in the United States.C kills or injures around 500 people throughout the world.D damages more than 100 American power companies.3 Researchers at the University of Florida and at the University of New MexicoA receive funds from the same source.B are using the same techniques.C are employed by commercial companies.D are in opposition to each other.Questions 4-6Complete the sentences below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 4-6 on your answer sheet.4 EPRI receives financial support from ..................... .5 The advantage of the technique being developed by Diels is that it can be used.....................6 The main difficulty associated with using the laser equipment is related to its.....................Questions 7-10Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below.Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.In this method, a laser is used to create a line of ionization by removing electrons from 7 ..................... . This laser is then directed at 8 ..................... in order to control electrical charges, a method which is less dangerous than using 9..................... . As a protection for the lasers, the beams are aimed firstly at10 ..................... .A cloud-zappersB atomsC storm cloudsD mirrorsE techniqueF ionsG rockets H conductors I thunderQuestions 11-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNo if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this11 Power companies have given Diels enough money to develop his laser.12 Obtaining money to improve the lasers will depend on tests in real storms.13 Weather forecasters are intensely interested in Diels’s system.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.The Nature of GeniusThere has always been an interest in geniuses and prodigies. The word ‘genius’, from the Latin gens (= family) and the term ‘genius’, meaning ‘begetter’, comes from the ea rly R o m a n c u l t o f a d i v i n i t y a s t h e h e a d o f t h e f a m i l y . I n i t s e a r l i e s t f o r m , g e n i u s w a s c o n c e r n e d w i t h t h e a b i l i t y o f t h e h e a d o f t h e f a m i l y , t h e p a t e r f a m i l i a s , t o p e r p e t u a t e h i m s e l f . G r a d u a l l y , g e n i u s c a m e t o r e p r e s e n t a p e r s o n s c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a n d t h e n c e a n i n d i v i d u a l s h i g h e s t a t t r i b u t e s d e r i v e d f r o m h i s g e n i u s o r g u i d i n g s p i r i t . T o d a y , p e o p l e s t i l l l o o k t o s t a r s o r g e n e s , a s t r o l o g y o r g e n e t i c s , i n t h e h o p e o f f i n d i n g t h e s o u r c e o f e x c e p t i o n a l a b i l i t i e s o r p e r s o n a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 4 " > 0 0 T h e c o n c e p t o f g e n i u s a n d o f g i f t s h a s b e c o m e p a r to f o u r f o l k c u l t u r e , a n d a t t i t u d e s a r e a m b i v a l e n t t o w a r d s t h e m . W e e n v y t h e g i f t e d a n d m i s t r u s t t h e m . I n t h e m y t h o l o g y o f g i f t e d n e s s , i t i s p o p u l a r l y b e l i e v e d t h a t i f p e o p l e a r e t a l e n t e d i n o n e a r e a , t h e y m u s t b e d e f e c t i v e i n a n o t h e r , t h a t i n t e l l e c t u a l s a r e i m p r a c t i c a l , t h a t p r o d i g i e s b u r n t o o b r i g h t l y t o o s o o n a n d b u r n o u t , t h a t g i f t e d p e o p l e a r e e c c e n t r i c , t h a t t h e ya r e p h y s i c a l w e a k l i n g s , t h a t t h e r e s a t h i n l i n eb e t w e e n g e n i u s a n d m a d n e s s , t h a t g e n i u s r u n s i n f a m i l i e s , t h a t t h e g i f t e d a r e s oc l e v e r t h e yd o n t ne e d s p e c i a l h e l p , t h a t g if t e d n e s s i s t h e s a m e a s h a v i ng ahi g h I Q , t h a t s o m e r a c e s a r e m o r e i n t e l l i g e n t o r m u s i c a l o r m a t h e m a t i c a l t h a n o t h e r s , t h a t g e n i u s g o e s u n r e c o g n i s e d a n d u n r e w a r d e d , t h a t a d v e r s i t y m a k e s m e n w i s e o r t h a t p e o p l e w i t h g i f t s h a v e a r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o u s e t h e m . L a n g u a g e h a s b e e n e n r i c h e d w i t h s u c h t e r m s a s h i g h b r o w , e g g h e a d , b l u e - s t o c k i n g , w i s e a c r e , k n o w - a l l , b o f f i n a n d , f o r m a n y , i n t e l l e c t u a l i s a t e r m o f d e n i g r a t i o n . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 5 " > 0 0 T h e n i n e t e e n t h c e n t u r y s a w c o n s i d e r a b l e i n t e r e s t i n t h e n a t u r e o f g e n i u s , a n d p r o d u c e d n o t a f e w s t u d i e s o f f a m o u s p r o d i g i e s . P e r h a p s f o r u s t o d a y , t w o o f t h e m o s t s i g n i f i c a n t a s p e c t s o f m o s t o f t h e s e s t u d i e s o f g e n i u s a r e t h e f r e q u e n c y w i t h w h i c h e a r l y e n c o u r a g e m e n t a n d t e a c h i n g b y p a r e n t s a n d t u t o r s h a d b e n e f i c i a l e f f e c t s o n t h e i n t e l l e c t u a l , a r t i s t i c o r m u s i c a l d e v e l o p m e n t o f t h e c h i l d re n b u t c a u s e d g r e a t d if f i c u l t i e s o f a d j u s t m e n t l a t e r i n t h e i r l i v e s , a n d t h e f r e q u e n c y w i t h w h i c h a b i l i t i e s w e n t u n r e c og n i s e d b y t e a ch e r s a n d s c h o o l s . H o w e v e r , t h e di f f i c u l t y w i t h t h e e v i d e n c e p r o d u c e d b y t h e s e s t u d i e s , f a s c i n a t i n g a s t h e y a r e i n c o l l e c t i n g t o g e t h e r a n e c d o t e s a n d a p p a r e n t s i m i l a r i t i e s a n d e x c e p t i o n s , i s t h a t t h e y a r e n o t w h a t w e w o u l d t o d a y c a l l n o r m - r e f e r e n c e d . I n o t h e r w o r d s , w h e n , f o r i n s t a n c e , i n f o r m a t i o n i s c o l l a t e d a b o u t e a r l y i l l n e s s e s , m e t h o d s o f u p b r i n g i n g , s c h o o l i n g , e t c . , w e m u s t a l s o t a k e i n t o a c c o u n t i n f o r m a t i o n f r o m o t h e r h i s t o r i c a l s o u r c e s a b o u t h o w c o m m o n o r e x c e p t i o n a l t h e s e w e r e a t t h e t i m e . F o r i n s t a n c e , i n f a n t m o r t a l i t y w a s h i g h a n d l i f e e x p e c t a n c y m u c h s h o r t e r t h a n t o d a y , h o m e t u t o r i n g w a s c o m m o n i n t h e f a m i l i e s o f t h e n o b i l i t y a n d w e a l t h y , b u l l y i n g a n d c o r p o r a l p u n i s h m e n t w e r e c o m m o n a t t h e b e s t i n d e p e n d e n t s c h o o l s a n d , f o r t h e m o s t p a r t , t h e c a s e s s t u d i e d w e r e m e m b e r s o f t h e p r i v i l e g e d c l a s s e s . I t w a s o n l y w i t h t h e g r o w t h o f p a e d i a t r i c s a n d p s y c h o l o g y i n t h e t w e n t i e t h c e n t u r y t h a t s t u d i e s c o u l d b e c a r r i e d o u t o n a m o r e o bj e c t i v e , i f s t i l l n o t a l w a y s v e r y s c i e n t i f i c , b a s i s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 6 " > 0 0 G e n i u s e s , h o w e v e r t h e y a r e d e f i n e d , a r e b u t t h e p e ak s w h i c h s t a n d o u t t h r o u gh t h e m i s t o f h i s t o r y a n d a r e v i s i b l e t o t h e p a r ti c u l a r o b s e r v e r f r o m h i s o r h e r p a r t i c u l a r v a n t a g e p o i n t . C h a n g e t h e o b s e r v e r s a n d t h e v a nt a g e p o i n t s , c l e a r a w a y s o m e o f t h e m i s t , a n d a d i f f e r e n t l o t o f p e a k s a p p e a r . G e n i u s i s a t e r m w e a p p l y t o t h o s e w h o m w e r e c o g n i s e f o r t h e i r o u t s t a n d i n g a c h i e v e m e n t s a n d w h o s t a n d n e a r t h e e n d o f t h e c o n t i n u u m o f h u m a n a b i l i t i e s w h i c h r e a c h e s b a c k t h r o u g h t h e m u n d a n e a n d m e d i o c r e t o t h e i n c a p a b l e . T h e r e i s s t i l l m u c h t r u t h i n D r S a m u e l J o h n s o n s o b s e r v a t i o n , T h e t r u e g e n i u s i s a m i n d o f l a r g e g e n e r a l p o w e r s , a c c i d e n t a l l y d e t e r m i n e d t o s o m e p a r t i c u l a r d i r e c t i o n . W e m a y d i s a g r e e w i t h t h e g e n e r a l , f o r w e d o u b t i f a l l m u s i c i a n s o f g e n i u s c o u l d ha v eb ec o m e s c i e n t i s t s o f g e n i u s o r v i c e v e r s a ,b u t t h e r e i s n o d o u b t i n g t h e ac c ide n t a l d e t e r m i n a t i o n w h i c h n u r t u r e d o r t r i g g e r e d t h e i r g if t s i n t o t h o s e c h a n n e l s i n t o w h i c h t h e y h a v e p o u r e d t h e i r p o w e r s s o s u c c e s s f u l l y . A l o ng th e c o n ti n u u m o f a b i l i t i e s a r e h u n d r e d s o f t h o u s a n d s o f g i f t e d m e n a n d w o m e n , b o y s a n d g i r l s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 7 " > 0 0 W h a t w e a p p r e c i a t e , e nj o y o r m a r v e l a t i n t h e w o rk s o f g e n i u s o r t h e a c h i e v e m e n t s o f p r o d i g i e s a r e t h e m a n i f e s t a t i o n s o f s k il l s o r a b i l i t i e s w h i c h a r e s im i l a r t o , b u t s o m u c h s u p e r i o r t o , o u r o wn . B u t t h a t t h e i r m i n d s a r e no t d i f f e r e n t f r o m o u r o w n i s d e m o n s t r a t e d b y t h e f a c t t h a t t h e h a r d - w o n d i s c o v e r i e s o f s c i e n t i s t s l i k e K ep l e r o r E i n s t e i n b e c o m e t h e c o m m o n p l a c e k n o w l e d g e o f s c h o o l c h i l d r e n a n d t h e o n c e o u t r a g e o u s s h a p e s a n d c o l o u r s o f a n a r t i s t l i k e P a u l K l e e s o s o o n a p pe a r o n t h ef a b r i c s w e w e a r . T h i s d o e s n o t m i n i m i s e t h e s u p r e m a c y o f t h e i r a c h i e v e m e n t s , w h i c h o u t s t r i p o u r o w n a s t h e s u b - f o u r - m i n u t e m i l e r s o u t s t r i p o u r j og g i n g . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 8 " > 0 0 T o thi n k o f g e n i u s e s a n d t h e g i f t e d a s h a v i n g u n i q u e l y d i f f e r e n t b r a i n s i s o n l y r e a s o n a b l e i f w e a c c e p t t h a t e a c h h u m a n b r a i n i s u n i q u e l y d i f f e r e n t . T h e p u r p o s e o f i n s t r u c t i o n i s t o m a k e u s e v e n m o r e d i f f e r e n t f r o m o n e a n o t h e r , a n d i n t h e p r o c e s s o f b e i n g e d u c a t e d w e c a n l e a r n f r o m t h e a c h i e v e m e n t s o f t h o s e m o r e g i f t e d t h a n o u r s e l v e s . B u t b e f o r e w e t r y t o e m u l a t e g e n i u s e s o r e n c o u r a g e o u r c h i l d r e n t o d o s o w e s h o u l d n o t e t h a t s o m e o f t h e t h i n g s w e l e a r n f r o m t h e m m a y p r o v e u n p a l a t a b l e . W e m a y e n v y t h e i r a c h i e v e m e n t s a n d f a m e , b u t w e s h o u l d a l s o r e c o g n i s e t h e p r i c e t h e y m a y h a v e p a i d i n t e r m s o f p e r s e v e r a n c e , s i n g l e - m i n d e d n e s s , d e d i c a t i o n , r e s t r i c t i o n s o n t h e i r p e r s o n a l l i v e s , t h e d e m a n d s u p o n t h e i r e n e r g i e s a n d t i m e , a n d h o w o f t e n t h e y h a d t o d i s p l a y g r e a t c o u r a g e t o p r e s e r v e t h e i r i n t e g r i t y o r t o m a k e t h e i r w a y t o t h e t o p . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 9 " > 0 0 G e n i u s a n d g i f t e d n e s s a r e r e l a t i v e d e s c r i p t i v e t e r m s o f n o r e a l s u b s t a n c e . W e m a y , a t b e s t , g i v e t h e m s o m e p r e c i s i o n b y d e f i n i n g t h e m a n d p l a c i n g t h e m i n a c o n t e x t b u t , w h a t e v e r w e d o , w e s h o u l d n e v e r d e l u d e o u r s e l v e s i n t o b e l i e v i n g t h a t g i f t e d c h i l d r e n o r g e n i u s e s a r e d i f f e r e n t f r o m t h e r e s t o f h u m a n i t y , s a v e i n t h e d e g r ee t o w h i c h t h e y h a v e d e v e l o p e d t h e p e rf o r m a n c e o f t h e i r a b i l i t i e s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 0 " > 0 0 Q u e s t i o n s 1 4 - 1 8 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 1 " > 0 0 C h o o s e F I V E l e t t e r s , A - K . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 2 " > 0 0 W r i t e t h e c o r r e c t l e t t e r s i n b o x e s 1 4 - 1 8 o n y o u r a n s w e r s h e e t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 3 " > 0 0 N B Y o u r a n s w e r s m a y b eg i v e n i n a n y o r d e r . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 4 " > 0 0 B e l o w a r e l i s t e d s o m e p o p u l a r be l i ef s a b o u tg e n i u s a n d g i f t e d n e s s . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 4 5 " > 0 0 W h i c h F I V E o f t h e s e b e l i e f s a r e r e p o r t e d b y t h e w r i t e r o f t h e t e x t ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 6 " > 0 0 A T r u l yg i f t e d p e o p l e a r e t a l e n t ed i n a l l a re a s . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 4 7 " > 0 0 B T h e t a le n t s ofg e n i u s e s a r e s o o n e xh a u s t e d . / p > p b d s fi d = " 1 4 8 " > 0 0 C G i f t e d p e o p l e s h o u l d u s e t h e i r g i f t s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 4 9 " > 0 0 D A g e n i u s a p p e a r s o n c e i n e v e r y g e n e r a t i o n . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 0 " > 0 0 E G e n i u s c a n b e e a s i l y d e s t r o y e d b yd i s c o u r a ge m e n t . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 5 1 " > 0 0 F Ge n i u s i s i n h e r i t e d . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 5 2 " > 0 0 G G i f t e d p e o p l e a r e v e r y h a r d t o l i v e w i t h . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 3 " > 0 0 H P e o p l e n e v e r a p p r e c i a t e t r u eg e n i u s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 4 " > 0 0 I G e n i u s e s a r e n a t u r a l l e a d e r s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 5 " > 0 0 J G i f t e d p e o p l e d e v e l o p th ei r g r e a t n e s s t h r o u g h d i f f i c u l t i e s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 6 " > 0 0 K G e n i u s w i l l a l w a y s r e v e a l i t s e l f . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 7 " > 0 0 Q u e s t i o n s 1 9 - 2 6 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 5 8 " >0 0 D o t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t s a g r e e w i t h t he i nf o r m a t i o ng i v e n i n R e a d i n g P a s s a g e 2 ? / p >p b d s f i d = " 1 5 9 " > 0 0 I n b o x e s 1 9 - 2 6 o n y o u r a n s w e r s h e e t , w r i t e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 0 " > 0 0 T R U E i f t h e s t a t e m e n t a g r e e s w i t h t h e i n f o r m a t i o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 1 " > 0 0 F A L S E i f t h e s t a t e m e n t c o n t r a d i c t s t h e i n f o r m a t i o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 2 " > 0 0 N O T G I V E N i f t h e r e i s n o i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 3 " > 0 0 1 9 N i n e t e e n t h - c e n t u r y s t u d i e s o f t h e n a t u r e o f g e n i u s f a i l e d t o t a k e i n t o a c c o u n t t h e u n i q u e n e s s o f t h e pe r s o n s u p b r i n g i n g . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 6 4 " > 0 0 20 N i n e t e e n t h - c e n t u r y s t u d i e s o f g e n i u s l a c ke d b o t h o b j e c t i v i t y a n d a p r o p e r s c i e n t if i c a p p r o a c h . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 5 " > 0 0 2 1 A t r u eg e n i u sh a s g e n e r a l p o w e r s c a p a b l e o f e x c e l l e n c ei n a n y a r e a . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 6 " > 0 0 2 2 T h e s k i l l s o f o r d i n a r y i n d i v i d u a l s a r e i n e s s e n c e t h e sa m e a s t h e s k i l l s o f p r o d i g i e s . / p > pb d s f i d = "1 6 7 " > 0 023 T h e e a s e w i t h w h i c h t r u l y g r e a t i de a s a r e a c c e p t e d a n d t a k e nf o rg r a n t e d f a i l s t o l e s s e n th ei r s i g n i f i c a n c e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 68 " > 0 0 2 4 G i f t e d n e s s a n d g e n i u s d e s e r v e p r o pe r s c i e n t if i c r e s e a r c h i n t o t h e i r t r u e n a t u r e s o t h a t a l l t a l e n t m a y b e r e t a i n e d f o r t h e h u m a n r a c e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 6 9 " > 0 0 2 5 G e n i u s e s o f t e n p a y a h igh p ri c e t o a c h i e v e g r e a t n e s s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 0 " > 0 0 2 6 T o b e a g e n i u s i s w o r t h t h e h i g h p e r s o n a l c o s t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 1 " > 0 0 R E A D I N G P A S S A G E 3 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 2 " > 0 0 Y o u s h o u l d s p e n d a b o u t 2 0 m i n u t e s o n Q u e s t i o n s 2 7 - 4 0 , w h i c h a r e b a s e d o n R e a d i n g P a s s a g e3 o n t h e f o l l o w i n g p a g e s . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 3 " >0 0 Q u e s t i o n s 2 7 - 3 2 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 4 " > 0 0 Re a d i n g P a s s a g e 3 h a s s e v e n p a r a g r a p h s , A - G . / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 7 5 " > 0 0 C h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t h e a d i ng f o r p a r a g r a ph s B - G f r o m t h e li s t o f h e a d i n g s b e l o w . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 6 " > 0 0 W r i t e t h e c o r r e c t n u m b e r , i - x , i n b o x e s 2 7 - 3 2 o n y o u r a n s w e r s h e e t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 7 " > 0 0 L i s t o f H e a d i n g s / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 8 " > 0 0 i T h e b i o l o g i c a l c l o c k / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 7 9 " > 0 0 i i W h y d y i n g i s b e n e f i c i a l / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 0 " > 0 0 i i i T h e a g e i n g p r o c e s s o f m e n a n d w o m e n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 1 " > 0 0 i v P r o l o n g i n g y o u r l i f e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 2 " > 0 0 v L i m i t a t i o n s o f l i f e s p a n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 3 " > 0 0 v i M o d e s o f d e v e l o p m e n t o f d i f f e r e n t s p e c i e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 4 " > 0 0 v i i A s t a b l e l i f e s p a n d e s p i t e i m p r o v e m e n t s / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 5 " > 0 0 v i i i E n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 6 " > 0 0 i x F u n d a m e n t a l d i f f e r e nc e s i n a g e i n g o f o b j e c t s a nd o r g a n i s m s / p > p bd s f i d = " 1 8 7 " > 0 0 x Re p a i r ofg e n e t i c m a t e r i a l / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 8 " > 0 0 E x a m p l e A n s w e r / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 9 " > 0 0 P a r a g r a ph A v / p > p b d s fi d = " 1 9 0 " > 0 0 2 7 P a r a g r a p h B / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 1 " > 0 0 2 8 P a r a g r a p h C / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 2 " > 0 0 29 P a r a g r a p h D / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 3 " > 0 0 3 0 P a r ag r a p h E / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 4 " > 0 0 3 1 P a r a g r a p h F / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 5 " > 0 0 3 2 P a r a g r a p h G / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 6 " > 0 0 H O W D O E S T H E B I O L O G I C A L C L O C K T I C K ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 7 " > 0 0 A O u r l if e s p a n i s r e s t r i c t e d . E v e r y o n e a c c e p t s t h i s a s b i o l og i c a l l y o b v i o u s . N o thi n g l i v e s f o r e v e r !H o w e v e r , i n t h i s s t a t e m e n t w e t h i n k o f a r t i f i c i a l l y p r o d u c e d , t e c h n i c a l o b j e c t s , p r o d u c t s w h i c h a r e s u b j e c t e d t o n a t u r a l w e a r a n d t e a r d u r i n g u s e . T h i s l e a d s t o t h e r e s u l t t h a t a t s o m e t i m e o r o t h e r t h e o b j e c t s t o p s w o r k i n g a n d i s u n u s a b l e ( d e a t h i n t h e b i o l o g i c a l s e n s e ) . B u t a r e t h e w e a r a n d t e a r a n d l o s s o f f u n c t i o n o f t e c h n i c a l o b j e c t s a n d t h e d e a t h o f l i v i n g o r g a n i s m s r e a l l y s i m i l a r o r c o m p a r a b l e ? / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 8 " > 0 0 B O u r d e a d p r o d u c t s a r e s t a t i c , c l o s e d s y s t e m s . I t i s a l w a y s t h e b a s i c m a t e r i a l w h i c h c o n s t i t u t e s t h e o b j e c t a n d w h i c h , i n t h e n a t u r a l c o u r s e o f t h i n g s , i s w o r n d o w n a n d b e c o m e s o l d e r . A g e i n g i n t h i s c a s e m u s t o c c u r a c c o r d i n g t o t h e l a w s o f p h y s i c a l c h e m i s t r y a n d o f t h e r m o d y n a m i c s . A l t h o u g h t h e s a m e l a w h o l d s f o r a l i v i n g o r g a n i s m , t h e r e s u l t o f t h i s l a w i s n o t i n e x o r a b l e i n t h e s a m e w a y . A t l e a s t a s l o n g a s a b i o l o g i c a l s y s t e m h a s t h e a b i l i t y t o r e n e w i t s e l f i t c o u l d a c t u a l l y b e c o m e o l d e r w i t h o u t a g e i n g ; a n o r g a n i s m i s a n o p e n , d y n a m i c s y s t e m t h r o u g h w h i c h n e w m a t e r i a l c o n t i n u o u s l y f l o w s . D e s t r u c t i o n o f o l d m a t e r i a l a n d f o r m a t i o n o f n e w m a t e r i a l a r e t h u s i n p e r m a n e n t d y n a m i c e q u i l i b r i u m . T h e m a t e r i a l o f w h i c h t h e o r g a n i s m i s f o r m e d c h a n g e s c o n t i n u o u s l y . T h u s o u r b o d i e s c o n t i n u o u s l y e x c h a n g e o l d s u b s t a n c e f o r n e w , j u s t l i k e a s p r i n g w h i c h m o r。
中国最高,最低温度及日较差在海拔高度上变化的初步分析
第39卷第5期2015年9月大气科学Chinese Journal of Atmospheric SciencesV ol. 39 No. 5Sep. 2015董丹宏, 黄刚. 2015. 中国最高、最低温度及日较差在海拔高度上变化的初步分析 [J]. 大气科学, 39 (5): 000–000. Dong Danhong, Huang Gang. 2015. Relationship between altitude and variation characteristics of the maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and diurnal temperature range in China [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 39 (5): 000–000, doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895. 1501.14291.中国最高、最低温度及日较差在海拔高度上变化的初步分析董丹宏1, 4黄刚2, 31成都信息工程大学大气科学学院，成都6102252中国科学院大气物理研究大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室，北京1000293全球变化研究协同创新中心，北京1008754中国科学院大气物理研究所季风系统研究中心，北京100029摘要本文利用中国740个气象台站1963～2012年均一化逐日最高温度和最低温度资料，分析了中国地区最高、最低气温和日较差变化趋势的区域特征及其与海拔高度的关系。
结果表明：近50年气温的变化趋势无论是年或季节变化，最低温度的增温幅度都高于最高温度，且其增温显著区域都对应我国高海拔地区。
除了春季，其他季节最高、最低温度及日较差的升温幅度随着海拔高度的升高而增大，其中最高温度的变化趋势与海拔高度的相关性最好。
同一海拔高度上，最高、最低温度在不同年代的增幅具有不一致性：20世纪80年代，二者变化幅度最小；20世纪90年代，二者增幅最大，尤以低海拔地区最为明显。
不同陆面模式对我国地表温度模拟的适用性评估
不同陆面模式对我国地表温度模拟的适用性评估孙帅;师春香;梁晓;韩帅;姜志伟;张涛【摘要】基于CLDAS大气驱动数据驱动CLM3.5陆面模式和3种不同参数化方案下的Noah-MP陆面模式模拟得到的地表温度,利用中国气象局2009 2013年2000多个国家级地面观测站地表温度进行质量评估.结果表明:从时间分布看,模拟地表温度与观测的偏差及均方根误差均呈季节性波动;从空间分布看,模拟地表温度与观测的偏差及均方根误差在中国东部地区相对于中国西部地区更小.选择Noah-MP陆面模式3种不同参数化方案模拟结果进行对比,结果表明:Noah-MP模式的非动态植被方案不变时,考虑植被覆盖度的二流近似辐射传输方案的Noah-MP陆面模式模拟的地表温度优于考虑太阳高度角和植被三维结构的二流近似辐射传输方案Noah-MP陆面模式模拟的地表温度;选择动态植被方案的Noah-MP陆面模式模拟的地表温度优于选择非动态植被方案的Noah-MP陆面模式;总体而言,考虑动态植被方案的Noah-MP陆面模式模拟的地表温度优于其他两种参数化方案的Noah-MP陆面模式以及CLM3.5陆面模式模拟的地表温度.%As an important physical quantity in the land surface process,the ground temperature plays an important role in climate change research,agricultural production and ecological environment.A set of simulation experiments are carried out,in which ground temperature are simulated by Community Land Model 3.5 (CLM3.5) land surface model and Noah-Multi Parameterization Land Surface Model (Noah-MP) of three different parameterization schemes,forced by China Meteorological Administration Land Data Assimilation System (CLDAS) atmosphere forcing data containing high-quality temperature,pressure,humidity,wind speed,precipitation and solarshortwave radiation.The different model-simulated ground temperature is verified by 2000 national ground temperature observation stations of China Meteorological Administration from 2009 to 2013.Results show that errors of different model-simulated ground temperature compared with observations behave seasonal fluctuations from the error analysis of time series.And the ground temperature simulated by CLM3.5 land surface model and Noah-MP land surface model can better represent the spatial distribution of ground temperature of China in seasonal climate state.The ground temperature is underestimated in general,and the underestimation in spring and autumn is smaller than that in summer and winter.On the spatial distribution,the error of the model-simulated ground temperature in the eastern China is smaller than that in the western China,and in the northeastern China and northern Xinjiang the error is even greater.Three different parameterization schemes of Noah-MP land surface model are selected to compare the simulation result.Results show that when the non-dynamic vegetation scheme remain unchanged,considering different radiation transferring schemes,the two-stream approximation radiative transferring scheme considering vegetation coverage of Noah-MP land surface model performs better than the radiative transferring scheme considering the solar altitude angle and vegetation 3D structures of Noah-MP surface land model.When the default two-stream approximation radiative transferring scheme in Noah-MP land model doesn't change,considering the dynamic vegetation scheme of Noah-MP land surface model,the result shows that the ground temperature choosing thedynamic vegetation scheme of Noah-MP land surface model is better than the non-dynamic vegetation scheme named of NoahMP land model.Above all,the ground temperature simulated by the dynamic vegetation scheme of NoahMP land surface model is better than the other two parameterization schemes of Noah-MP land model and the CLM3.5 land surface model.【期刊名称】《应用气象学报》【年(卷),期】2017(028)006【总页数】13页(P737-749)【关键词】CLDAS;CLM3.5;Noah-MP;地表温度;站点观测【作者】孙帅;师春香;梁晓;韩帅;姜志伟;张涛【作者单位】南京信息工程大学地理与遥感学院,南京210044;国家气象信息中心,北京100081;国家气象信息中心,北京100081;国家气象信息中心,北京100081;国家气象信息中心,北京100081;国家气象信息中心,北京100081【正文语种】中文基于CLDAS大气驱动数据驱动CLM3.5陆面模式和3种不同参数化方案下的Noah-MP陆面模式模拟得到的地表温度，利用中国气象局2009—2013年2000多个国家级地面观测站地表温度进行质量评估。
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china meteorological forcing dataset 中国气象强迫数据集（ChinaMeteorologicalForcingDataset）是一种基于气象观测数据的数据集，用于模拟气候模型和生态系统模型等应用。
该数据集包括了全国范围内的气温、降水、风速和相对湿度等参数，并提供了高质量的气象数据。
该数据集是由中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所气候环境变化
研究室（Climate Environment Change Research Center）开发的，经过多年的研究和实践，已成为国内外广泛使用的气象强迫数据集之一。
该数据集的特点在于其具有高时空分辨率、全国覆盖、长时间序列和高质量的数据质量等优点。
目前，该数据集已被广泛应用于气候模拟、生态系统模拟、水文模拟、农业生产预测等领域。
在气候模拟方面，该数据集为气候变化研究提供了重要的数据基础，可以帮助研究人员更好地了解气候变化的趋势和规律。
在生态系统模拟方面，该数据集可以用于模拟不同气候条件下生态系统的变化，为生态系统管理和保护提供重要的科学依据。
在水文模拟方面，该数据集可以用于模拟不同降水条件下的径流变化，为水资源管理和保护提供重要的科学依据。
总之，中国气象强迫数据集（China Meteorological Forcing Dataset）是一种重要的气象数据集，对于气候变化研究、生态系统管理和水资源管理等领域具有重要的应用价值。
该数据集的不断完善和更新将为相关领域的研究提供更为精准和可靠的数据支持。