2015年12月四级真题(三套全)
听力的短对话,填词部分从2016年起不考了,本套题中没有收录。
2015年12月四级第一套Part ⅡListening ComprehensionSection BQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard9. A) It is used by more people than English. B) It is more difficult to learn than English.C) It will be as commonly used as English. D) It will eventually become a world language.10. A) Its popularity with the common people. B) The effect of the Industrial Revolution.C) The influence of the British Empire. D) Its loan words from many languages.11. A) It has a growing number of newly coined words.B) It includes a lot of words form other languages.C) It is the largest among all languages in the world.D) It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) To place an order. B) To apply for a job.C) To return some goods. D) To make a complaint.13. A) He works on a part-time basis for the company.B) He has not worked in the sales department for long.C) He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.D) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.14. A) It is not his responsibility. B) It will be free for large orders.C) It depends on a number of factors. D) It costs 15 more for express delivery.15. A) Make inquiries with some other companies.B) Report the information to her superior.C) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.D) Ring back when she comes to a decision.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) No one knows for sure when thy came into being.B) No one knows exactly where they were first made.C) No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D) No one knows what they will look like in the future.17. A) Measure the speed of wind. B) Give warnings of danger.C) Pass on secret messages. D) Carry ropes across rivers.18. A) To find out the strength of silk for kites. B) To test the effects of the lightning rod.C) To prove the lightning is electricity. D) To protect houses against lightning. Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She was born with a talent for languages. B) She was trained to be an interpreter.C) She can speak several languages. D) She enjoys teaching languages.20. A) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.B) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.C) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.D) They would like to live abroad permanently.21. A) She became an expert in horse racing.B) She learned to appreciate classical music.C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D) She got a chance to visit several European countries.22. A) Take part in a cooking competition. B) Taste the beef and give her comment.C) Teach vocabulary for food in English. D) Give cooking lessons on Western food. Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education.B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.C) He often helped his mother do housework.D) He grew up in a poor single parent family.24. A) Stupid. B) Active. C) Brave. D) Careless.25. A) Watch educational TV programs only. B) Write two book reports a week.C) Help with housework. D) Keep a diary.Part III Reading ComprehensionSection AScholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society. However, they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is 36 different from that of an industrial society. As informatization progress in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society 37 the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information. But such a view is a 38 analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media. A different 39 is possible when the actual amount of information 40 by the user is taken into account. In fact, the more information 41 throughout the entire society, the wider the gap becomes between “information haves”and “information have-nots,”leading to digital divide.According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major 42 : class, sex, and generation. In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class. With 43 to sex, digital divide exists between men and women. The greatest gap, however, is between the Net-generation, 44 withSection BJoy: A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.[A] When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729, that the people of Ireland eat their children, heinsisted it would solve three problems at once: feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severe depression, and stimulate the restaurant business. Even as a satire (讽刺), it seems disgusting and shocking in America with its child-centered culture. But actually, the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.[B] If you spend much time with educators and policy makers, you’ll hear a lot of the following words: “standards,”“results,”“skills,”“self-control,”“accountability,” and so on. I have visited some of the newer supposedly “effective” schools, where children shout slogans in order to lean self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can’t sit still.[C] A look at what goes in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when people think about education, they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child, or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.[D] I’m a mother of three, a teacher, and a developmental psychologist. So I’ve watched a lot of children-talking, playing, arguing, eating, studying, and being young. Here’s what I’ve come to understand. The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance, nor their lack of skills. It’s their enormous capacity for joy. Think of a 3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what he can and cannot sink in the bathtub, a 5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends, or an 11-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip. A child’s ability to become deeply absorbed in something, and derive intense pleasure from that absorption, is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.[E] A friend told me the following story. One day, when he went to get his 7-year-old son from soccer practice, his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice. The coach had criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills. The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down. He seemed wrapped in sadness. But just before he reached the car door, he suddenly stopped, crouching (蹲伏) down to peer at something on the sidewalk. His face went down lower and lower, and then, with complete joy he called out, “Dad. Come here. This is the strangest bug I’ve ever seen. It has, like, a million legs. Look at this. It’s amazing.” He looked up at his father, his features overflowing with all those legs. This is the coolest ever.”[F] The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant byproduct of youth—something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities, like perseverance (坚持不懈), obligation, and practicality. Yet moments like this one are just the kind of intense absorption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking. Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy. Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with small figures, conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub, and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example. In some cases, schools should help children find new, more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy: making art, making friends, making decisions.[G] Building on a child’s ability to feel joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn’t be that hard. It would just require a shift in the education world’s mindset (思维模式). Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like marking things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.[H] Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish, or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in anation where there is awful poverty, low academic achievement, and high dropout rates, think again. The more horrible the school circumstances, the more important pleasure is to achieving any educational success.[I] Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured by their administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility. The assumption is that children shouldn’t chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work；instead, they should learn to delay gratification (快乐) so that they can pursue abstract goals, like going to college.[J] Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children, it makes no sense educationally. Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school, kids need to want to learn. You can force a child to stay in his or her seat, fill out a worksheet, or practice division. But you can’t force the child to think carefully, enjoy books, digest complex information, or develop a taste for learning. To make that happen, you have to help the child find pleasure in learning—to see school as a source of joy.[K] Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine; unpleasant, but necessary and good for you. Why not instead think of learning as if it were food—something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it as a pleasure?[L] Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs. The more difficult a child’s life circumstances, the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom. “Pleasure” is not a dirty word. And it doesn’t run counter to the goals of public education. It is, in fact, the precondition.46. It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.47. What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they are doing.48. Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.49. It is human nature to seek joy in life.50. Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.51. Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful experience.52. Adults do not consider children’s feeling when it comes to education.53. Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.54. In the so-called “effective” schools, children are taught self-control under a set of strict rules.55. To make learning effective, educators have to ensure that children want to learn.Section CPassage OneWhen it’s five o’clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they’re done.These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows on that clock-based work schedules hinder morale (士气) and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 am to 10 a.m., research from 10 a.m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a listof things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities—from project planning, holiday shopping, to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under “clock time” vs “task time.” They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in the business culture. Smart companies, they believes will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It’ll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.56. What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?A) It makes everybody time-conscious.B) It is a convenience for work and life.C) If may have a negative effect on creative work.D) It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.57. How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A) They combine clock-based and task-based planning.B) They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.C) They set a time limit for each specific task.D) They accomplish their tasks one by one.58. What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments aboutclock-timers?A) They seize opportunities as they come up.B) They always get their work done in time.C) They have more control over their lives.D) They tend to be more productive.59. What do the researchers say about today’s business culture?A) It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B) It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C) It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers’ lives,D) It aims to bring employees’ potential and creativity into full play.60. What do the researchers suggest?A) Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.B) It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C) Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D) A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.Passage TwoMartha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2004. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was “paying her dues,” and that “there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew.”Surely, the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful. Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society,At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person’s individual circumstances. Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing. They can affect a person’s ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all, more than 45,000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life.Some laws make senses No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖)work in a school. But too often collateral (附随的) consequences bear no relation to public safety. Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.The point is not to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it is to recognize that in America’s vast criminal justice system, second chances are crucial. It is in no one’s interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.61. What does the well-known columnist’s remark about Martha Stewart suggest?A) Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.B) Her business went bankrupt while she as in prison.C) Her release from prison has drawn little attention.D) Her prison sentence might have been extended.62. What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals in America?A) They backslide after serving their terms in prison.B) They are deprived of chances to turn over a new leaf.C) They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.D) They are convicted regardless of their individual circumstances.63. What are the consequences for many Americans with a criminal record?A) They remain poor for the rest of their lives.B) They are deprived of all social benefits.C) They are marginalized in society.D) They are deserted by their family.64. What does the author think of the post-conviction laws and rules?A) They help to maintain social stabilityB) Some of them have long been outdated.C) They are hardly understood by the public.D) A lot of them have negative effects on society.65. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?A) To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.B) To appeal for changes in America’s criminal justice system.C) To ensure that people with a criminal record live a decent life.D) To call people’s attention to prisoners’ conditions in America.2015年12月四级第二套Part ⅡListening ComprehensionSection BQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard9. A) From the wanted column. B) From some of her friends.C) From a telephone directory. D) From a television commercial.10. A) She received full-time education abroad. B) She graduated from an open university.C) She finished her secondary school. D) She studied in a vocational college.11. A) She is a shorthand-typist. B) She works as a tour guide.C) She is a policewoman. D) She teaches an evening class.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) It provides him with career opportunities. B) It helps enlarge his customer network.C) It has been off and on for ten years. D) It was interpreted for four years.13. A) Individual service. B) Home-made beer.C) Traditional setting. D) Social games.14. A) The quality of beer. B) The atmosphere.C) The owner’s attitude. D) The right location.15. A) It is a rather tough job.B) It is a profitable business.C) It helps old people kill time.D) It makes retirees feel useful.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) It is becoming increasingly popular. B) It helps the user to escape reality.C) It gives rise to serious social instability. D) It hurts a person and those around them.17. A) They use drugs just for fun. B) They take drugs to get high.C) They use drugs as medicine. D) They keep drug use a secret.18. A) It is quite common in entertainment circles.B) It is the cause of various social problems.C) It is hard to get rid of.D) It is fatal to the user.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Taking up exercises after recovery. B) Producing tasty healthy frozen food.C) Finding new ways to cure heart disease. D) Going on a diet upon leaving the hospital.20. A) It was carefully tested with consumers. B) It was promoted by health organizations.C) It was disapproved by many diet experts. D) It was highly expected by the general public.21. A) Competitive price. B) Low expectations.C) Vigorous promotion. D) Unique ingredients.22. A) It was suggested by the firm’s vice-president.B) It matches the food’s dark green packaging.C) It has a positive implication for consumers.D) It tricks the elders into impulse purchasing.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) It is practical in most of the states.B) It will be abolished sooner or later.C) It has drawn a lot of criticism from overseas.D) It has to be approved by the Supreme Court.24. A) Whether the practice should be allowed to continue in the future.B) Whether there should be a minimum age limit for execution.C) What type of criminals should receive it.D) What effect it might have on youngsters.25. A) The court sentenced him to life in prison for killing two friends.B) The governor changed his death sentence to life in prison.C) He was the first minor to be executed in South Carolina.D) He was sentenced to death for a crime he committed as a minor.Part III Reading ComprehensionSection AFor many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December 36 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two 37 , record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception: November was the warmest ever 38 , and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.Enjoy the snow now, because 39 are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niño year.EI Niño, Spanish for “the child”, 40 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the 41 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are 42 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 43 dry weather. Marine life may be affected too; EI Niños can 44 the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich (营养丰富的) water that supports large fish 45 ,and the unusually warmSection BHow to Eat Well[A] Why do so many Americans eat tons of processed food, the stuff that is correctly called junk (垃圾) and should really carry warning labels?[B] It’s not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by Supermarkets offer more variety than ever, and there are over four times as many famers’ markets in the U.S. as there were 20 years ago. Nor is it for lack of available information. There are plenty of recipes (食谱), how-to videos and cooking classes available to anyone who has a computer, smartphone or television. If anything the information is overwhelming.[C] And yet we aren’t cooking. If you eat three meals a day and behave like most Americans, you probably get at least a third of your daily calories (卡路里) outsides the home. Nearly two-thirds of us grab fast food once a week, and we get almost 25% of our daily calories from snacks. So we’re eating out or taking in, and we don’t sit down—or we do, but hurry.[D] Shouldn’t preparing—and consuming—food be a source of comfort, pride, health, well-being, relaxation, sociability? Something that connects us to other humans? Why should we want to outsource (外包) this basic task, especially when outsourcing it is so harmful?[E] When I talk about cooking, I’m not talking about creating elaborate dinner parties or three-day science projects. I’m talking about simple, easy, everyday meals. My mission is to encourage green hands and those lacking time or money to feed themselves. That means we need modest, realistic expectation, and we need to teach people to cook food that’s good enough to share with family and friends.[F] Perhaps a return to real cooking needn’t be far off. A recent Harris poll revealed that 79% of Americans say they enjoy cooking and 30% “love it”; 14% admit to not enjoying kitchen work and just 7% won’t go near the stove at all. But this doesn’t necessarily translate to real cooking and the result of this survey shouldn’t surprise anyone; 52% of those 65 or older cook at home five or more times per week; only a third of young people do.[G] Back in the 1950s most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked virtually every night. The intention to put a home-cooked meal on the table was pretty much universal. Most people couldn’t afford to do otherwise.[H] Although frozen dinners were invented in the 40s, their popularity didn’t boom until televisions became popular a decade or so later. Since then packaged, pre-prepared meals have been what’s for dinner. The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts (催化剂),but the big food companies—which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking—made the home cook an endangered species.[I] Still, I find it strange that only a third of young people report preparing meals at home regularly. Isn’t this the same crowd that rails against processed junk and champions craft cooking? And isn’t this the generation who say they’re concerned about their health and the wee-being of the planet? If these are truly the values of many young people, then tier behavior doesn’t match their beliefs.[J] There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some food campaigns to reduce calories in their processed foods, but the Standard American Diet is still the polar opposite of the healthy, mostly plant-based diet that just about every expert says we should be eating. Considering that the governments standards are not nearly ambitious enough, the picture is clear: by nor cooking at home, we’re not eating the right things, and the consequences are hard to overstate. [K] To help quantify (量化) the costs of a poor diet, I recently tried to estimate this impact in terms of a most famous food, the burger (汉堡包). I concluded that the profit from burgers is more than offset (抵消) by the damage they cause in health problems and environmental harm.[L] Cooking real food is the best defense—not to mention that any meal you’re likely to eat at home contains about 200 fewer calories than one you would cat in a restaurant.[M] To those Americans for whom money is a concern, my advice is simple; Buy what you can afford, and cook it yourself. The common prescription is to primarily shop the grocery store, since that’s where fresh produce, meat and seafood, and dairy are. And to save money and still eat well you don’t need local organic ingredients; all you need is real food. I’m not saying local food isn’t better, it is. But there is plenty of decent food in the grocery stores.[N] The other sections you should get to know are the frozen foods and the canned goods. Frozen produce is still produce; canned tomatoes are still tomatoes. Just make sure you’re getting real food without tons of added salt or sugar. Ask yourself, would Grandma consider this food? Does it look like something that might occur in nature? It’s pretty much common sense: you want to buy food, not unidentifiable foodlike objects.[O] You don’t have to hit the grocery store daily, nor do you need an abundance of skill. Since fewer than half of Americans say they cook at an intermediate level and only 20% describe their cooking skills as advanced, the crisis is one of confidence. And the only remedy for that is practice. There’s nothing mysterious about cooking the evening meal. You just have to do a little thinking ahead and redefine what qualifies as dinner. Like any skill, cooking gets easier as you do it more; every time you cook, you advance your level of skills,. Someday you won’t even need recipes. My advice is that you not pay attention to the number of steps and ingredients, because they can be deceiving.[P] Time, I realize, is the biggest obstacle to cooking for most people. You must adjust you priorities to find time to cook. For instance, you can move a TV to the kitchen and watch your favorite shows while you’re standing at the sink. No one is asking you to give up activities you like, but if you’re watching food shows on TV, try cooking instead.46. Cooking benefits people in many ways and enables them to connect with one another.47. Abundant information about cooking is available either online or on TV.48. Young people do less cooking at home than the elderly these days.49. Cooking skills can be improved with practice.50. In the mid-20th century, most families ate dinner at home instead of eating out.51. Even those short of time or money should be encouraged to cook for themselves and their family.52. Eating food not cooked by ourselves can cause serious consequences53. To eat well and still save money, people should buy fresh food and cook it themselves.54. We get a fairly large portion of calories from fast food and snacks.55. The popularity of TV led to the popularity of frozen food.。
2015年12月四级真题答案第三套
2015年12月四级真题答案第三套Section A Directions : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will bea pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, Cand D,and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 1.A.Children should be taught to be more careful.B.Children shouldn't drink so much orange juice.C.There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D.Timmy should learn to do things in the right way. 2.A.Fitness training. B.The new job offer. puter programming. D.Directorship of the club. 3.A.He needs to buy a new sweater. B.He has got to save on fuel bills. C.The fuel price has skyrocketed. D.The heating system doesn't work. mitting theft. B.Taking pictures. C.Window shopping. D.Posing for the camera.5.A.She is taking some medicine. B.She has not seen a doctor yet. C.She does not trust the man's advice. D.She has almost recovered from the cough.6.A.Pamela's report is not finished as scheduled. B.Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry. C.Pamela is not good at writing research papers. D.Pamela's mistakes could have been avoided.7.A.In theleft-luggage office. B.At the hotel reception. C.In a hotel room. D.At an airport. 8.A.She was an excellent student at college. B.She works in the entertainment business. C.She is fond of telling stories in her speech.D.She is good at conveying her message. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 9.A.Arranging the woman's appointment with Mr.Romero. B.Fixing the time for the designer's latest fashion show. C.Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D.Preparing for the filming on Monday morning. 10.A.Her travel to Japan.B.The awards ceremony.C.The proper hairstyle for her new role.D.When to start the make-up session. 11.A.He is Mr.Romero's agent. B.He is an entertainment journalist. C.He is the woman's assistant. D.He is a famous movie star. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12.A.Make an appointment for an interview. B.Send in an application letter. C.Fill in an application form. D.Make a brief self-introduction on the phone. 13.A.Someone having a college degree in advertising. B.Someone experienced in business management.C.Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D.Someone willing to work beyond regular hours. 14.A.Travel opportunities. B.Handsome pay. C.Prospects for promotion. D.Flexible working hours. 15.A.It depends on the working hours. B.It is about 500 pounds a week. C.It will be set by the Human Resources. D.It is to be negotiated. Section B Directions..In this section, you will hear 3 shortpassages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A., B,Cand D..Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16.A.To give customers a wider range of choices. B.To make shoppers see as many items as possible. C.To supply as many varieties of goods as it can. D.To save space for more profitable products. 17.A.On the top shelves. B.On the bottom shelves. C.On easily accessible shelves. D.On clearly marked shelves. 18.A.Many of them buy things on impulse. B.A few of them are fathers with babies. C.A majority of them are young couples. D.Over 60% of them make shopping lists. 19.A.Sales assistants promoting high margin goods. B.Sales assistants following customers around.C.Customers competing for good bargains.D.Customers losing all sense of time. Passage Two Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. 20.A.Teaching mathematics at a school. B.Doing research in an institute. C.Studying for a college degree. D.Working in a hi-tech company 21.A.He studied the designs of various clocks. B.He did experiments on different materials. C.He bought an alarm clock with a pig face. D.He asked different people for their opinions. 22.A.Its automatic mechanism. B.Its manufacturing process. C.Its way of wakingpeople up. D.Its funny-looking pig face. Passage Three Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 23.A.It is often caused by a change of circumstances. B.It actually doesn't require any special treatment. C.It usually appears all of a sudden. D.It generally lasts for several years. 24.A.They cannot mix well with others. B.They irrationally annoy their friends. C.They depend heavily on family members. D.They blame others for ignoring their needs. 25.A.They lack consistent support from peers. B.They doubt their own popularity. C.They were born psychologically weak. D.They focus too much on themselves. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and（26）in a file cabinet.It could remain there for years and, often（27）, never reach the outside world. Things have done a complete about-face since then.（28）the change has been the astonishingly（29）development in recent years of the computer.Today, any data that is 30 about us in one place or another--and for one reason or another--can be stored in a computer bank.It can then be easilypassed to other computer banks.They are owned by individuals and by private businesses and corporations, lending 31 , direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and（32）at the local, state, and federal level. A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized data as a frightening（33 ）of their privacy.Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been steadily growing over the years as the computer becomes increasingly （34）, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain.In 1970, a national survey showed that percent of the people（35）felt their privacy was being invaded.Seven years later, percent expressed the same worry.Arecent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had shot up to percent.。
2015年12月英语四级3
2015年12月四六级真题及答案（卷3）Part I Writing1.【题干】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Listening is more important than talking." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of listening. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】【解析】Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A2.【题干】Question 1【选项】A.They admire the courage of space explorers.B.They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.C.They were going to watch a wonderful movie.D.They like doing scientific exploration very much.【答案】B【解析】M: Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month?W: Sure. It's actually the most impressive one I've seen on that topic.Q: What do we learn about the speakers?3.【题干】Question 2【选项】A.At a gift shop.B.At a graduation ceremony.C.In the office of a travel agency.D.In a school library.【答案】A【解析】W: Are you looking for anything in particular?M: Yes. My son is graduating from high school and I want to get him something special.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?4.【题干】Question 3【选项】A.He used to work in the art gallery.B.He does not have a good memory.C.He declined a job offer form the art gallery.D.He is not interested in any part-time jobs.【答案】C【解析】M: Mike told me yesterday that he'd been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery.W: Really? If I remember right, he had a chance to work there but he turned it down.Q: What does the woman say about Mike?5.【题干】Question 4【选项】A.Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.B.He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.C.The woman should have informed him earlier.D.He will be unable to attend the birthday party.【答案】D【解析】W: Would you like to come to Susan's birthday party tomorrow evening?M: I'm going to give a lecture tomorrow. I wish I could be in two places at the same time.Q: What does the man mean?6.【题干】Question 5【选项】A.Reward those having made good progress.B.Set a deadline for the staff to meet.C.Assign more workers to the project.D.Encourage the staff to work in small groups.【答案】B【解析】W: Aren't you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making?M: Yes. I think I'll give them a deadline and hold them to it.Q: What is the man probably going to do?7.【题干】Question 6【选项】A.The way to the visitor’s parking.B.The rate for parking in LotC.C.How far away the parking lot is.D.Where she can leave her car.【答案】A【解析】W: Excuse me, could you tell me where the visitor's parking is? I left my car there.M: Sure. It's in Lot C, over that way.Q: What does the woman want to know?8.【题干】Question 7【选项】A.He regrets missing the classes.B.He plans to take the fitness classes.C.He is looking forward to a better life.D.He has benefited form exercise.【答案】D【解析】W: You look great now that you've taken those fitness classes.M: Thanks. I've never thought better in my life.Q: What does the man mean?9.【题干】Question 8【选项】A.How to work efficiency.B.How to select secretaries.C.The responsibilities of secretaries.D.The secretaries in the man’s company.【答案】D【解析】W: I really admire the efficiency of your secretaries.M: Our company selects only the best. They have a heavy workload and we give them a lot of responsibilities.Q: What are the speakers talking about?10.【题干】Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 9【选项】A.It is more difficult to learn than English.B.It is used by more people than English.C.It will be as commonly used as English.D.It will eventually become a world language.【答案】B【解析】Q: What does the man say about Chinese?W: Hi, Leo. Why do you say English will become the world language?M: Well, for one thing, it's so commonly used. The only language that is used by more people is Chinese.W: Why is English spoken by so many people?M: It's spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire. And now, of course, there's influence of America as well.W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn. But English does have two great advantages.W: What are they?M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words from many other languages as well.W: Why is that?M: Well, partly because English speakers have travelled a lot. They bring back words with them, so English really does have an international vocabulary.W: And what's the other advantage of English?M: It's that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn't have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs, not like Latin, Russian, and German for example.W: Why is that?M: Well, it's quite interesting actually. It's because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language and only the common people spoke English. They try to make the language as simple as possible, so they made the grammar easier.11.【题干】Question 10【选项】A.It has words from many languages.B.Its popularity with the common people.C.The influence of the British Empire.D.The effect of the Industrial Revolution.【答案】C【解析】Q: What made English a widely used language?W: Hi, Leo. Why do you say English will become the world language?M: Well, for one thing, it's so commonly used. The only language that is used by more people is Chinese.W: Why is English spoken by so many people?M: It's spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire. And now, of course, there's influence of America as well.W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn. But English does have two great advantages.W: What are they?M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words from many other languages as well.W: Why is that?M: Well, partly because English speakers have travelled a lot. They bring back words with them, so English really does have an international vocabulary.W: And what's the other advantage of English?M: It's that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn't have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs, not like Latin, Russian, and German for example.W: Why is that?M: Well, it's quite interesting actually. It's because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language and only the common people spoke English. They try to make the language as simple as possible, so they made the grammar easier.12.【题干】Question 11【选项】A.It includes a lot of words form other languages.B.It has a growing number of newly coined words.C.It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.D.It is the largest among all languages in the world.【答案】A【解析】Q: What is said to be special about English vocabulary?W: Hi, Leo. Why do you say English will become the world language?M: Well, for one thing, it's so commonly used. The only language that is used by more people is Chinese.W: Why is English spoken by so many people?M: It's spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire. And now, of course, there's influence of America as well.W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn. But English does have two great advantages.W: What are they?M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words from many other languages as well.W: Why is that?M: Well, partly because English speakers have travelled a lot. They bring back words with them, so English really does have an international vocabulary.W: And what's the other advantage of English?M: It's that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn't have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs, not like Latin, Russian, and German for example.W: Why is that?M: Well, it's quite interesting actually. It's because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language and only the common people spoke English. They try to make the language as simple as possible, so they made the grammar easier.13.【题干】Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 12【选项】A.To return some goods.B.To apply for a job.C.To place an order.D.To make a complaint.【答案】C【解析】Q: What is the woman's purpose in making the phone call?M: Hello. Yes?W: Hello. Is that the sales department?M: Yes, it is.W: Oh, well, my name's Jane Kingsbury of GPF Limited. Hmm, we need some supplies for our design office.M: Uh, what's sort?W: Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.M: A DO44 or DO45?W: Uh, I don't know. What's the difference?M: Well, the 45 costs 15 pounds more.W: Hmm, so what's the total price then?M: It's 387 pounds.W: Does that include value added tax?M: Oh, I'm not sure, most of the prices do. Yes, I think it does.W: Hmm, what are the boards actually made of?M: Oh, I don't know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff these days. It's white anyway.W: Hmm, and how long does it take to deliver?M: Oh, I couldn't really say. It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know.W: Ok. Now we also want some drawing pens, ink and rulers and some drawing paper.M: Oh, dear, the girl that takes orders for supplies isn't here this morning, so I can't take those orders for you. I only do the equipment, you see.W: OK. Well, perhaps I'll ring back tomorrow.M: So do you want the drawing board then?W: I'll have to think about it. Thanks very much. I'll let you know. Goodbye.M: Thank you. Goodbye.14.【题干】Question 13【选项】A.He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.B.He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.C.He has not worked in the sales department for long.D.He works on a part-time basis for the company.【答案】B【解析】Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?M: Hello. Yes?W: Hello. Is that the sales department?M: Yes, it is.W: Oh, well, my name's Jane Kingsbury of GPF Limited. Hmm, we need some supplies for our design office.M: Uh, what's sort?W: Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.M: A DO44 or DO45?W: Uh, I don't know. What's the difference?M: Well, the 45 costs 15 pounds more.W: Hmm, so what's the total price then?M: It's 387 pounds.W: Does that include value added tax?M: Oh, I'm not sure, most of the prices do. Yes, I think it does.W: Hmm, what are the boards actually made of?M: Oh, I don't know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff these days. It's white anyway.W: Hmm, and how long does it take to deliver?M: Oh, I couldn't really say. It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know.W: Ok. Now we also want some drawing pens, ink and rulers and somedrawing paper.M: Oh, dear, the girl that takes orders for supplies isn't here this morning, so I can't take those orders for you. I only do the equipment, you see.W: OK. Well, perhaps I'll ring back tomorrow.M: So do you want the drawing board then?W: I'll have to think about it. Thanks very much. I'll let you know. Goodbye.M: Thank you. Goodbye.15.【题干】Question 14【选项】A.It is not his responsibility.B.It will be free for large orders.C.It costs 15 more for express delivery.D.It depends on a number of factors.【答案】D【解析】Q: What does the man say about delivery?M: Hello. Yes?W: Hello. Is that the sales department?M: Yes, it is.W: Oh, well, my name's Jane Kingsbury of GPF Limited. Hmm, we need some supplies for our design office.M: Uh, what's sort?W: Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.M: A DO44 or DO45?W: Uh, I don't know. What's the difference?M: Well, the 45 costs 15 pounds more.W: Hmm, so what's the total price then?M: It's 387 pounds.W: Does that include value added tax?M: Oh, I'm not sure, most of the prices do. Yes, I think it does.W: Hmm, what are the boards actually made of?M: Oh, I don't know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff these days. It's white anyway.W: Hmm, and how long does it take to deliver?M: Oh, I couldn't really say. It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know.W: Ok. Now we also want some drawing pens, ink and rulers and some drawing paper.M: Oh, dear, the girl that takes orders for supplies isn't here this morning, so I can't take those orders for you. I only do the equipment, you see.W: OK. Well, perhaps I'll ring back tomorrow.M: So do you want the drawing board then?W: I'll have to think about it. Thanks very much. I'll let you know. Goodbye.M: Thank you. Goodbye.16.【题干】Question 15【选项】A.Report the information to her superior.B.Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.C.Ring back when she comes to a decision.D.Make inquiries with some other companies.【答案】C【解析】Q: What does the woman say she will possibly do tomorrow?M: Hello. Yes?W: Hello. Is that the sales department?M: Yes, it is.W: Oh, well, my name's Jane Kingsbury of GPF Limited. Hmm, we need some supplies for our design office.M: Uh, what's sort?W: Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.M: A DO44 or DO45?W: Uh, I don't know. What's the difference?M: Well, the 45 costs 15 pounds more.W: Hmm, so what's the total price then?M: It's 387 pounds.W: Does that include value added tax?M: Oh, I'm not sure, most of the prices do. Yes, I think it does.W: Hmm, what are the boards actually made of?M: Oh, I don't know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff these days. It's white anyway.W: Hmm, and how long does it take to deliver?M: Oh, I couldn't really say. It depends on how much work we've got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know.W: Ok. Now we also want some drawing pens, ink and rulers and some drawing paper.M: Oh, dear, the girl that takes orders for supplies isn't here this morning, so I can't take those orders for you. I only do the equipment, you see.W: OK. Well, perhaps I'll ring back tomorrow.M: So do you want the drawing board then?W: I'll have to think about it. Thanks very much. I'll let you know. Goodbye.M: Thank you. Goodbye.Section B17.【题干】Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 16【选项】A.No one knows exactly where they were.B.No one knows for sure when they came into being.C.No one knows for what purpose they were.D.No one knows what they will.【答案】B【解析】Q: What does the speaker say about kites?No one knows for sure just how old kites are. In fact, they have beenin use for centuries. 25 centuries ago, kites were well-known in China. These first kites were probably made of wood. They may even have been covered with silk, because silk was used a lot at that time.Early kites were built for certain uses. In ancient China, they were used to carry ropes across rivers. Once across, the ropes were tied down and wooden bridges were hung from them. Legend tales of one general who flew musical kites over the enemy’s camp. The enemy fled, believing the sounds to be the warning voices of angels. By the 15th centuries, many people flew kites in Europe. Marco Polo may have brought the kite back from his visit to China. The kite has been linked to great names and events. For instance, Benjamin Franklin used the kite to prove that lightening is electricity. He flew the kite in a storm. He did this in order to draw lightening from the clouds. He tied a metal key and a strip of silk to the kite line. The silk ribbon would stop the lightening from passing through his body. Benjamin’s idea was first laughed at, but later on it led to the invention of the lightening rod.With such grand history, kite flying is sure to remain an entertaining and popular sport.18.【题干】Question 17【选项】A.Carry ropes across rivers.B.Measure the speed of wind.C.Pass on secret messages.D.Give warnings of danger.【答案】A【解析】Q: What did ancient Chinese use kites to do?No one knows for sure just how old kites are. In fact, they have been in use for centuries. 25 centuries ago, kites were well-known in China. These first kites were probably made of wood. They may even have been covered with silk, because silk was used a lot at that time.Early kites were built for certain uses. In ancient China, they were used to carry ropes across rivers. Once across, the ropes were tied downand wooden bridges were hung from them. Legend tales of one general who flew musical kites over the enemy’s camp. The enemy fled, believing the sounds to be the warning voices of angels. By the 15th centuries, many people flew kites in Europe. Marco Polo may have brought the kite back from his visit to China. The kite has been linked to great names and events. For instance, Benjamin Franklin used the kite to prove that lightening is electricity. He flew the kite in a storm. He did this in order to draw lightening from the clouds. He tied a metal key and a strip of silk to the kite line. The silk ribbon would stop the lightening from passing through his body. Benjamin’s idea was first laughed at, but later on it led to the invention of the lightening rod.With such grand history, kite flying is sure to remain an entertaining and popular sport.19.【题干】Question 18【选项】A.To protect houses against lightning.B.To test the effects of the lightning rod.C.To find out the strength of silk for kites.D.To prove that lightning is electricity.【答案】D【解析】Q: Why did Benjamin Franklin fly a kite in a storm?No one knows for sure just how old kites are. In fact, they have been in use for centuries. 25 centuries ago, kites were well-known in China. These first kites were probably made of wood. They may even have been covered with silk, because silk was used a lot at that time.Early kites were built for certain uses. In ancient China, they were used to carry ropes across rivers. Once across, the ropes were tied down and wooden bridges were hung from them. Legend tales of one general who flew musical kites over the enemy’s camp. The enemy fled, believing the sounds to be the warning voices of angels. By the 15th centuries, many people flew kites in Europe. Marco Polo may have brought the kite back from his visit to China. The kite has been linked to great names and events. For instance, Benjamin Franklin used the kite to prove that lighteningis electricity. He flew the kite in a storm. He did this in order to draw lightening from the clouds. He tied a metal key and a strip of silk to the kite line. The silk ribbon would stop the lightening from passing through his body. Benjamin’s idea was first laughed at, but later on it led to the invention of the lightening rod.With such grand history, kite flying is sure to remain an entertaining and popular sport.20.【题干】Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 19【选项】A.She enjoys teaching languages.B.She can speak several languages.C.She was trained to be an interpreter.D.She was born with a talent for languages.【答案】B【解析】Q: What does the speaker say about herself?I have learned many languages, but I have not mastered them the waya professional interpreter or translator has. Still, they have opened doors for me. They have allowed me the opportunity to seek jobs in international contexts and help me get those jobs. Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it. I can’t imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions. Since 1977, I have spent much more time abroad than in the United States. I like going to new places, eating new foods and experiencing new cultures. If you can speak the language, it’s easier to get to know the country and its people. If I had the time and money, I would live for a year in as many countries as possible.Beyond my career, my facility with languages has given me a few rare opportunities. Once just after I returned from my year in Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse event.I learned a lot about the sport. In Japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought. They asked, “Was it as good as American beef?” It was very exciting for me to be on Japanese TV speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was.21.【题干】Question 20【选项】A.They acquire an immunity to culture shock.B.They would like to live abroad permanently.C.They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.D.They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.【答案】D【解析】Q: What does the speaker say about many people who have lived overseas for a while?I have learned many languages, but I have not mastered them the waya professional interpreter or translator has. Still, they have opened doors for me. They have allowed me the opportunity to seek jobs in international contexts and help me get those jobs. Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it. I can’t imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions. Since 1977, I have spent much more time abroad than in the United States. I like going to new places, eating new foods and experiencing new cultures. If you can speak the language, it’s easier to get to know the country and its people. If I had the time and money, I would live for a year in as many countries as possible.Beyond my career, my facility with languages has given me a few rare opportunities. Once just after I returned from my year in Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse event.I learned a lot about the sport. In Japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought. They asked, “Was it as good as American beef?” It was very exciting for me to be on Japanese TV speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was.22.【题干】Question 21【选项】A.She became an expert in horse racing.B.She got a chance to visit several European countries.C.She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D.She learned to appreciate classical music.【答案】C【解析】Q: How does the speaker’s experience of living in Vienna benefit her?I have learned many languages, but I have not mastered them the waya professional interpreter or translator has. Still, they have opened doors for me. They have allowed me the opportunity to seek jobs in international contexts and help me get those jobs. Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it. I can’t imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions. Since 1977, I have spent much more time abroad than in the United States. I like going to new places, eating new foods and experiencing new cultures. If you can speak the language, it’s easier to get to know the country and its people. If I had the time and money, I would live for a year in as many countries as possible.Beyond my career, my facility with languages has given me a few rare opportunities. Once just after I returned from my year in Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse event.I learned a lot about the sport. In Japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought. They asked, “Was it as good as American beef?” It was very exciting for me to be on Japanese TV speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was.23.【题干】Question 22【选项】A.Taste the beef and give her comment.B.Take part in a cooking competition.C.Teach vocabulary for food in.D.Give cooking lessons on.【答案】A【解析】Q: What was the speaker asked to do in a Japanese studio?I have learned many languages, but I have not mastered them the waya professional interpreter or translator has. Still, they have opened doors for me. They have allowed me the opportunity to seek jobs in international contexts and help me get those jobs. Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it. I can’t imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions. Since 1977, I have spent much more time abroad than in the United States. I like going to new places, eating new foods and experiencing new cultures. If you can speak the language, it’s easier to get to know the country and its people. If I had the time and money, I would live for a year in as many countries as possible.Beyond my career, my facility with languages has given me a few rare opportunities. Once just after I returned from my year in Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse event.I learned a lot about the sport. In Japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought. They asked, “Was it as good as American beef?” It was very exciting for me to be on Japanese TV speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was.24.【题干】Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 23【选项】A.He had only a third-grade education.B.He once threatened to kill his teacher.C.He grew up in a poor single-parent household.D.He often helped his.【答案】B【解析】Q: What do we learn about Ben Carson?Doctor Ben Carson grew up in a poor single parent household in Detroit. His mother, who had only a third-grade education, worked two jobs cleaning bathrooms. To his classmates and even to his teachers, he was thought of as the dumbest kid in the class, according to his own not so fond memories. He had a terrible temper, and once threatened to kill another child. Doctor Carson was headed down a path of self-destruction until a critical moment in his youth. His mother, convinced that she had to do something dramatic to prevent him from leading a life of failure, laid down some rules. He could not watch television except for two programs a week, could not play with his friends after school until he finished his homework, and had to read two books a week and write book reports about them. His mother’s strategy worked. “Of course, I didn’t know she couldn’t read, so there I was submitting these reports.” He said. “She would put check marks on them like she had been reading them. As I began to read about scientists, economists and philosophers, I started imaging myself in their shoes. As he got in the habit of hard work, his grades began to soar. Ultimately, he received a scholarship to attend Yale University. And later, he was admitted to the University of Michigan Medical School. He is now a leading surgeon at John’s Hopkins Medical School, and he’s also the author of three books.25.【题干】Question 24【选项】A.Careless.B.Stupid.C.Brave.D.Active.【答案】B【解析】Q: What did Ben Carson classmates and teachers think about him when he was first in school?。
2015年12月英语四级真题答案及解析(卷三)
2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解(第3套)Part ⅠWriting这是一篇四级考试中常见的议论文.话题围绕“Never go out there to see what happens，go out there to make things happen.”这句话展开，要求考生进行评论，同时在题目要求中也明确给出了作文主题the importance of being participants rather than mere onlookers in life.考生应该明确这一主题，并围绕其展开论述.一、点明主题：不做看客，要做实践者(being participants instead of onlookers in life)二、分析原因三、提出问题和建议主题词汇put…into practice将……付诸实践carry out执行；实现gain获得accumulate积累gradually逐渐地make a progress取得进步theory理论action行动would rather…than比起……更情愿……stand by袖手旁观句式拓展1.For some people, watching what happens to others is good enough to learn a lesson, while for others, only practicing by themselves can finally make them get the real skills in对一些人而言，看发生在别人身上的事情足以让他们吸取教训，而对于其他人而言，他们只有亲身实践才能最终得到生活中的真正技能.2.No matter how many authentic theories you've got before,nothing will happen until you put them into practice.无论你曾经接受了多少权威的理论，若不付诸实践，一切都无济于事.Part ⅡListening ComprehensionM: I don't know what to do with Timmy. This morning I found orange juice spilled all over the kitchen floor.W: Don't be so hard on him. He's only four.Q: What does the woman mean?C.四个选项中出现了children，careful，juice和Timmy等词，故推测本题考查的内容与孩子的行为相关.对话中，男士抱怨说他都不知道该拿蒂米怎么办了，今天早上，他发现桔子汁在厨房洒了一地，而女士则说，别对蒂米太严厉了，他才四岁.由此可见，女士认为男士不用小题大做，故答案为C..2.W: Excuse me, sir. I would like to know about the fitness training program in your club.M: I'll have you speak with the director in charge of new accounts.Q: What is the woman interested in?A.四个选项均为名词短语，且出现了fitness，job，computer和club 等词，故推测本题考查的内容与健身或者工作相关.对话中，女士向男士询问俱乐部健身锻炼的事情，男士则说他会带着女士去找专门负责新会员的经理.由此可知，女士是对俱乐部健身锻炼感兴趣，故答案为A..3.W: It's really cold in this apartment. Can we turn up the heat a little bit?M: Sorry. I've run out of money and can hardly pay the fuel bill. Maybe you'd better put on a sweater.Q: what does the man mean?B.四个选项中出现了sweater，save，fuel bills和heating等词，故推测本题考查的内容与寒冷天气以及取暖相关.对话中，女士说她觉得很冷，问能不能把暖气开大一点，而男士则表示抱歉，说自己没钱了，都快付不起燃料费账单了，建议女士穿上毛衣.由此可知，男士想要节省燃料费，故答案为B.4.M: I'm sorry, Miss. But you have to come with me to the security office. The video cameras in our shop have recorded everything you did.W: No, no. I...I didn't do anything. I'll call the police if you dare insult me.Q: What does the man think the woman was doing?A.四个选项均为动名词短语，且出现了theft，pictures，shopping和camera等词，故推测本题考查的内容与商店里发生的事情相关.对话中，男士要将女士带到保安室去，并说商店里的摄像头已经把女士所做的事都录下来了，而女士则表示自己什么都没有做，如果男士敢侮辱她的话，她就报警.由此可知，男士认为女士偷了商店里的东西，故答案为A.5.M: I think you ought to see a doctor right away about that cough.W: Well, I'll wait a few more days.I'm sure I'll get over it soon.Q: What do we learn about the woman?B.选项均以she开头，且出现了medicine，doctor和cough等词，故推测本题考查的内容与女士的健康状况相关.男士说女士应该马上去看医生，而女士则说再等几天，她相信自己的咳嗽很快就会好的.由此可知，直到本对话发生时，女士都还没有去看医生，故答案为B..6.M: I've heard that Pamela made quite a few mistakes in her lab report.W: Well, she wouldn't have if she hadn't been in such a hunt to get it done.Q: What does the woman imply?D.四个选项均提到了Pamela，且出现了report，hurry，writing和mistakes等词，故推测本题考查的内容与帕米拉的报告相关.对话中，男士说他听说帕米拉的实验报告出了很多错，而女士则说，如果她不是那么急着做完的话，就不会出这么多的错.由此可知，帕米拉实验报告中的错误本来是可以避免的，故答案为D..7.M: We'd better check out before 12 o'clock, Marry. And now there are only 30 minutes left.W: Let's hurry up. You go pay the bill and I'll call the reception to have our luggage taken downstairs.Q : Where did this conversation most probably take place?C.四个选项均是表示地点的介词短语，故推测本题考查的内容与对话发生的地点相关.对话中，男士说他们最好能在中午l2点之前退房，现在只剩半小时了，女士建议加快速度，并让男士去付账，她自己给前台打电话，叫人把行李送到楼下.由此可知，对话发生的时候，两人还没有开始办理退房手续，还在宾馆的房间里，故答案为C..8.W: Have you ever heard this speaker before?M: Yeah. She's excellent. She gets her point across and it's entertaining at the same time.Q: what does the man say about the speaker?D.四个选项均以she开头，且出现了college，works，speech和message 等词，可以推测本题考查的内容与女士的情况相关.对话中，女士问男士以前是否听过这个演讲者的讲座，男士说他听过，并认为这位演讲的女士很棒，她不仅将自己的观点表达得很清楚，而且讲得很有趣.由此可知，这位女演讲者擅长传达自己想要传达的信息，故答案为D.. Conversation OneM: (8) What should I do about Mr. Romero? Remember? He said it was important and couldn't wait. I think he may want you for that new movie he's directing.W: That's absolutely correct.(9) Now, we have to fit him in somewhere. Uh...what does Monday morning look like?M: That doesn't look so good. You have a make-up session starting at 6:00, then filming starts at 8:00, and that's going to take the whole morning.W: Well, what's after that?M: (10) You have lunch with your agent to discuss the awards ceremony and you'll have to meet him at one o'clock at the restaurant.W: Oh, terrific! Listen. I cannot miss that. But I still have to make time for Mr. Romero.M: Well, now, don't forget you got a three-o'clock appointment with your fashion designer.W: That's right. You know he's showing the latest fashions from Japan? You know that loose-fitting look?Those clothes are so in this year.M: At 4:30 you have an appointment with your hairdresser. Then at 7:00, you have dinner with a journalist. Now remember, be nice to that guy.W: Do I have to? That won't be easy and it's likely to run late. How does Tuesday look?M: Well, you have to spend the whole morning at the photographer's. They are taking photos to publicize your new movie.W: What about the afternoon? Am I free then?M: Let me see...Yes, you are free after 3:30.W: Then you can set up a meeting with Mr. Romero at 4:00.M: OK.(11) I'll get on it right away.预览三道题各选项，其中出现了the woman’s appointment，her travel，awards ceremony和make-up session等词，因此推测对话内容可能与女士的工作安排相关.9.What are the speakers doing?A.对话开头男士说罗梅罗先生急着见女士，可能是想让女士出演他导演的新电影，女士说一定得把他安排进来.由此可以推断，对话中的两人正在安排女士的时间，好让她能够与罗梅罗先生见面，故答案为A..10.What is the woman going to discuss with her agent over lunch on Monday?B.对话中，男士告诉女士她周一需要和自己的经纪人吃午饭，讨论一下关于颁奖仪式的事情，故答案为B..11.What do we learn from the conversation about the man?C.对话中，男士和女士一起讨论女士的日程安排，从第一句罗梅罗先生想要让女士出演他导演的新电影可知，女士是位电影演员，而男士对女士的日程安排非常了解，并且由最后一句可知，男士服从女士的安排.综合这些内容可以推断出，男士是女士的助理，故答案为C..Conversation TwoM: I'm phoning up about this job you advertised in the paper. This...er...young sales manager?W: Oh, yes.M: I'd like to apply for it. Would you send me an application form?W: (12) No. You simply send in a written application, a letter.M: Can you tell me a bit more about the job?W: (13) Well, we are very looking for someone who isn't too concerned about working fairly long hours.M: What do you mean by long hours?W: (13) This is a job which does, as the advertisement says, have travel possibilities, and very often, one would be away at weekends, for instance.M: Oh, I thought you meant working in the evenings and working overtime.W: Well, it could also mean working in the evenings. But for a managerial post, I'm afraid we don't pay over time. Um...that's for other grades.M: Oh. What kind of money are you paying then?W: (15) Well, this is to be negotiated. Uh, it depends partly on your experience and education. Perhaps you can tell me briefly what that is?M: I've just left school and got A level in geography.W: Oh, I see.M: (14) And it's the travel that appeals to me. That's why I'm inquiring about the job. W: Yes, I see. What sort of a salary were you thinking in terms of?M: Starting off, I thought it would be something like ￡500 a week?W: Well, send in a written application and then we'll consider your case along with all the other applicants.M: All right. Many thanks. Goodbye.W: Bye.预览四道题各选项，其中出现了interview，application，experienced，pay和working hours等词，由此推测对话可能与工作求职相关.12.What does the woman say an applicant should do first to apply for the job?B.对话开头，男士表示他对女士公司销售经理的职位感兴趣，请女士给她发一份申请表，而女士则让男士直接寄一封书面的求职申请信.因此，如果男士想要申请这份工作，他首先应该做的就是寄一份书面申请信，故答案为B.. 13.What kind of a person is the company looking for?D.对话中女士明确说，他们需要能够长时间工作的员工，而当男士要求她再进一步解释的时候，她说这份工作经常需要在周末出差.由此可知，这份工作需要能够在非正常工作时间加班，故答案为D.14.What does the man like most about the job?A.对话中，男士明确表示职位广告中出差这一要求吸引了他，这也正是他想要得到这份工作的原因，故答案为A..15.What does the woman say about the salary if the man is accepted by the company?D.对话中男士问到了薪水问题，而女士回答说这还有待讨论，部分取决于男士的工作经历以及教育背景.由此可以推断，即使男士得到了这一职位，他的薪水待遇也不是明确规定好了的，而是得再商议，故答案为D..Passage One(16) A typical large supermarket offers around 17,000 to 20,000 items for sale and it wants to make sure that its customers see as many of them as possible. That's why you'll normally find essential goods like bread, vegetables and meat in completely different parts of the store.(17) Products with a high profit margin are always placed on shelves within easy reach of the customer, while lower margin items like sugar or flower are on the top or bottom shelves .Many people make shopping list before they visit supermarkets.(18) But even so, around 60% of all supermarket purchases are the result of decisions that are taken in the store. For this reason, supermarkets try to attract their customers by placing certain kinds of product next to each other. In the UK, beer will often be found next to items for babies because research shows that fathers of babies buy them on their way home from work and will buy beer at the same time. Research has also shown that this kind of impulse buy happens more frequently when no sales assistants are nearby. Supermarkets have made selling such a fine art that their customers often lose all sense of time.( 19 ) When interviewed, customers normally guess they've only spent half an hour in the supermarket even when they have been there for over 45 minutes.But that shouldn't be too surprising. Any really profitable supermarket knows that it should keep its clocks well hidden.预览四道题各选项，由选项中出现的customers，shelves，buy，shopping lists和bargains等词，可以推测短文可能与购物行为相关.16.Why are essential goods displayed in totally different parts of the supermarket?B.短文开头提到，超市希望顾客看到尽可能多的商品，这就是为什么他们会把生活必需品分散摆放的原因，故答案为B..17.Where are goods with a high profit margin usually found?C.短文中提到，利润高的商品所摆放的位置都是顾客容易够到的地方，也就是在那些容易接触到的货架上，故答案为C.18.What does the speaker say about supermarket goers?A.短文中提到，虽然很多人在去超市之前会列一张购物清单，但还是有60％左右的购买行为是在购物现场决定的.因此，大部分去超市购物的人都有冲动消费的行为，故答案为A.19.What shouldn't be too surprising according to the speaker?D.短文临近结尾时提到了一次采访，接受采访的顾客通常感觉自己仅在超市里待了半个小时，而实际上他们已经待了超过45分钟了.因此，调查发现，顾客在超市中没有了时间感，而这一现象并不奇怪，故答案为D.Passage Two(20) When Matty Sallin was working on a degree in art and technology at university, he got an interesting assignment in electronics class: Create something for the house hold. He decided to create an alarm clock."Everybody has to use an alarm clock of some kind every day, and it's extremely unpleasant!" he says.(21)He asked different people what they'd like to wake up to instead of a noisy alarm. A lot of them said, "The smell of bacon." (22) So Sallin invented a new kind of alarm clock: a wooden box with a pig face and a digital clock that uses the smell of cooking bacon rather than sound to wake someone up. He explains, "There's nodanger of burning, because I built it carefully. It uses light bulbs instead of a flame for cooking and turns off automatically after ten minutes." Just a few easy steps are required to set the "alarm"."What you do is put in a couple of frozen strips the night before," says Sallin. Bacon is preserved, so there is no danger of its spoiling overnight."If you set the alarm for 8: 00, it will turn on at 7: 50 and slow cook for ten minutes under the bulbs," he says. Then the bulbs turn off and a fan blows the smell out through the nose of the pig."So instead of an alarm, you smell yourself awake," says Sallin."Then you can open the door on the side and pull the bacon out and eat it."预览三道题各选项，由选项中出现的designs，clocks，alarm clock，pig face，automatic mechanism和manufacturing process等词，可以推测短文的内容与某种闹钟的创新设计相关.20.What was Matty Sallin doing when he created an alarm clock?C.短文一开始就说，马蒂·赛尔林在大学攻读艺术和技术学位时，曾有一项有趣的任务是发明家用器具，因此，他决定发明一个闹钟.由此可知，他当时还在读大学，故答案为C.21.What did Matty Sallin do before making the new type of alarm clock?D.短文中提到，在马蒂·赛尔林决定设计一款新闹钟时，他先征求了不同的人关于闹钟的想法，然后才开始动手制作，故答案为D..22.What makes the newly invented alarm clock so unique?C.短文提到，在征求了多人的意见后，赛尔林发现人们对闹钟感到最不满的是它吵闹的叫醒方式，而且人们最希望在受到烤腌肉香味的诱惑中醒来，所以，他才自己动手创造出了一款能够定时烤制腌肉，然后将香味散发出去，使人从梦中醒来的闹钟，故答案为C..Passage ThreeMost people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon and have identified three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. (23) The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation, for example, a divorce or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, itusually does not last for more than a year. Unlike the second type, the third kind of loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.(24) People who experience habitual loneliness have problem socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many of them think there is little or nothing they can do about it.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, for example, friends, family members, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have is not the only reason for loneliness. It is more important how many social contacts we think or expect we should have.( 25 ) In other words, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.预览三道题各选项，其中出现了大量带有负面含义的词，如cannot mix well，irrationally annoy，depend heavily on，blame others，doubt和psychologically weak等，并且第23题的各选项中还出现了treatment一词，据此推断本文可能与某种不正常的精神状态相关.23.What does the speaker say about situational loneliness?A.短文中提到了三种类型的孤独，其中第二类为情景孤独，而短文中在对这一类孤独的介绍中指出，它通常是由于环境的变化所引起的，故答案为A..24.What problem will people have if they experience habitual loneliness?A.短文中在提到habitual loneliness时说，那些经历习惯性孤独的人在社交方面存在问题，无法亲近他人，也就是说，他们不合群，不能与他人融洽地交往，故答案为A..25.Why do some people suffer loneliness according to psychologists?B.短文末尾部分提到，心理学家发现，虽然孤独的人可能有许多社交，但他们有时觉得自己应该有更多的社交，他们质疑自己的受欢迎程度.故答案为B..26.locked away.此处应该填人动词的过去分词或词组，与句中的typed并列，构成被动语态.locked away意为“把……锁起来”.27.forgotten此处应该填入动词过去分词构成的形容词，表示状态.forgotten意为“被遗忘的”.该句指出，个人信息放在那里多年，根本就没有重见天日的机会.因此，它们是“被遗忘的”.28.Responsible for.该空所在句是一个倒装句，其正常语序应该是The astonishingly 29development in recent years of the computer has been 28 the change.所以该空应该填人一个形容词或词组作表语.responsible for意为“对……负责，对……承担责任”.29.swift.此处应该填入形容词，被副词astonishingly修饰的同时，修饰名词development，合在一起，表示“惊人地快速发展”.swift意为“快速的”.30.collected.此处应该填入动词的过去分词，与is一起构成被动语态.collected意为“收集”.31.institutions.此处应该填入一个名词，被lending修饰.institutions意为“机构”.ernment agencies.此处应该填入一个名词或名词词组，与前面的名词或词组并列.government agencies意为“政府机构”.33.invasion .此处应填入一个名词，被形容词frightening修饰.invasion意为“侵犯”.34.efficient.此处应填入一个形容词，被前面的副词increasingly修饰.efficient意为“有效率的”.35.questioned.此处应填人一个形容词或动词分词形式作people的后置定语.questioned意为“被问到的”.Part ⅢReading Comprehension名词：B. amount量；F. differences区别；G. favorite特别喜爱的东西；O. theories 理论动词：A. advocate提倡，主张；C. confirmed确认，批准；H. happening发生；K. obtaining获取；M. protest抗议；N. rejected拒绝，驳回.形容词：D. crazy发狂的，发疯的；E. definite确定的；G. favorite最喜欢的副词：I. immediately马上，立即；J. naturally自然地；L. primarily主要地36.G.favorite.形容词辨析题.该空前面是所有格形式baby’s，后面是名词toy，故推测空格处为形容词.根据常识推断，婴儿的玩具一般都是他们喜欢的，故答案为favorite“最喜欢的”.备选形容词中，crazy“发狂的，发疯的”和definite“确定的”均与句意不符，可以排除.37.M.protest.动词辨析题.该空前面是情态动词may，故空格处应填入动词原形.根据下文可知，孩子认为妹妹分到了更多果汁，因此一定会表示不满，由此确定protest“抗议”为答案.备选动词中，只有两个动词原形，而advocate意思为“主张”，不符合句意，可以排除.38.B.amount.名词辨析题.该空前面为冠词the，后面为介词of，故推测空格处应填入名词.根据句意：4岁大的孩子也许会抗议说妹妹分到了更多果汁，仅仅是因为玻璃杯的形状不同，而不是果汁的——.形状不同，也许容量是一样的，由此确定amount“量”为答案.备选名词中，differences“不同”和theories“理论”均不符合句意，可以排除.39.O.theories名词辨析题.空格前为形容词child-sized，空格后为介词about，故推测该空格处为名词.根据句意：孩子们就像一些很棒的小科学家一样，总是会验证他们孩子们般大小的事物运转的——.由此可知，theories“理论”符合句意，故为答案.备选名词differences“区别”不符合句意，可以排除.40.I.immediately.副词辨析题.空格前是will，空格后是test，故该空格处应填入副词.联系上下文，孩子一而再地把勺子扔到地上，直到父母说不再捡起，随后，孩子便有了各种疑问，故可知孩子会马上验证父母的话.由此确定immediately“马上，立即”为答案.备选副词中，naturally“自然地”和primarily"主要地”均不符合句意，可以排除.41.D.crazy.形容词辨析题.空格前为drive you，可以联想到固定结构drivesb.+ adj..根据上文可推知，孩子扔勺子继而试探家长的反应，并不是为了让他们抓狂，由此确定crazy“发狂的，发疯的”为答案.备选形容词definite“确定的”不符合句意，可以排除.42.F. differences.名词辨析题.空格前为those，空格后是系动词are，故空格处应填人名词.上文提到，she is learning that her desires and yours Can differ“她正是在了解她的需求和你的需求是会不同的”，此处指不同之处，所以differences“区别”为答案.43.J. naturally.副词辨析题.空格前为主语abilities和动词unfold，根据句子结构可判断空格处为副词.该句句意为：孩子们的认知能力会像花朵一样绽放，可知这一定是个自然的过程，由此确定naturally“自然地”为答案.备选副词primarily“主要地”不符合句意，可以排除.44.H. happening动词辨析题.空格前为what else is，空格后为介词短语，故推测该空格处为动词的分词形式或形容词.上文指出，孩子们的认知能力像花朵绽放一样，与生命中其他——的事情毫无关联.备选项中，happening“发生”符合句意，故为答案.备选的动词分词形式中，confirmed意思是“确认，批准”；obtaining意思是“获取”；rejected意思是“拒绝，驳回”，形容生活中的事情都太过于具体，不符合句意，可以排除.45.N. rejected.动词辨析题.空格前是have been，空格后是or modified，故该空格处应填入动词的过去分词.根据句意，尽管多年来他的很多具体结论被——或是修改，他的想法仍然启发了全世界研究者们的诸多研究.由此确定rejected“拒绝，驳回”为本题答案.备选动词过去分词中，confirmed意思为“确认，批准”，不符合句意，可以排除.46.The author was advised against theimproper use of figures of speech.作者被建议不要使用不合适的修辞.由题干中的figures of speech定位到文章I段画线处.47.The author's mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.作者的母亲通过指出他看似完美的论文中的错误，给他上了宝贵的一课.由题干中的flaws和perfect essay定位到文章C.段画线处.48.Awritershouldpolishhiswriting repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.一个作家应该反复打磨自己的作品，从而更加接近完美.由题干中的repeatedly和perfection定位到文章K段画线处.49. Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can't produce anything.作家们一生中也许会经历一段无法创作的时期。
2015年12月大学英语四级真题及解析
2015年12月英语四级(CET4)真题试卷PartI Writing (30 minutes)For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying ‚Learning is a daily experience and lifetime mission.‛You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write atleast 120 words but no more than180words.Part II Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conver sat ions and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.A) They admire the courage of space explorers.B) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.C) They were going to watch a wonderful movie.D) They like doing scientific exploration very much.2. A) At a gift shop.B) At a graduation ceremony.C) In the office of a travel agency.D) In a school library.3. A) He used to work in the art gallery.B) He does not have a good memory.C) He declined a job offer form the art gallery.D) He is not interested in any part-time jobs.4.A) Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.B) He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.C) The woman should have informed him earlier.D) He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5.A) Reward those having made good pro gre ss.B) Set a deadline for the staff to meet.C) Assign more workers to the project.D) Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6. A) The way to the visitor’s parking.B) The rate for parking in Lot C.C) How far away the parking lot is.D) Where she can leave her car.7. A) He regrets missing the classes.B) He plans to take the fitness classes.C) He is looking forward to a better life.D) He has benefited form exercise.8.A) How to ? work efficiency.B) How to select secretaries.C)The responsibilities of secretaries.D) The secretaries in the man’s company.Conver sat ion OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) It is more difficult to learn than English.B) It is used by more people than English.C) It will be as commonly used as English.D) It will eventually bec ome a world language.10.A) It has words words from many languages,B) Its popularity with the common people.C) The influence of the British Empire.D) The effect of the Industrial Revolution.11.A) It includes a lot of words form other languages.B) It has a growing number of newly coined words,C) It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.D) It is the largest among all languages in the world. Conversation 2Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) To return some goods.B) To apply for a job.C) To place an order.D) To make a complaint.13. A) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.B) He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.C) He has not worked in the sales department for long.D) He works on a part-time basis for the company.14. A) It is not his responsibility.B) It will be free for large orders.C) It costs 15 more for express delivery.D) It depends on a number of factors.15.A) Report the information to her superior.B) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.C) Ring back when she comes to a decision.D) Make inquiries with some other companies.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) No one knows exactly where they were ??B) No one knows for sure when thy came into being.C) No one knows for what purpose they were ?D) No one knows what they will ?????17. A) Carry ropes across rivers.B) Measure the speed of wind.C) Pass on secret messages.D) Give warnings of danger.18. A) To protect houses against lightning.B) To test the effects of the lightning rod.C) To find out the strength of silk for kites.D) To prove the lightning is electricity.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) She enjoys teaching languages.B) She can speak several languages.C) She was trained to be an interpreter.D) She was born with a talent for languages.20. A) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.B) They would like to live abroad permanently.C) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.D) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21.A) She bec ame an expert in horse racing.B) She got a chance to visit several European countries.C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D) She learned to appreciate classical music.22. A) Taste the beef and give her comment.B) Take part in a cooking competition.C) Teach vocabulary for food in ??D) Give cooking lessons on ????Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education.B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.C) He gre w up in a poor ???D) He often helped his ???24.A) Careless.B) Stupid.C) Brave.D) Active.25.A) Write two book reports a week.B) Keep a diary.C) Help with housework.D) Watch education??Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see？There areother bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most of this is a comet. Comets were formed around the same the earth was formed. They are made up of ice and other frozen liquids and gasses. these dirty snow balls begin to orbit the sun just as the planets do. As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gasses in it begin to unfreeze. They combine with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun and solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet thus forming its tail. The tail and generally fuzzy atmosphere around the cometare that can help this phenomenon in the night sky. In any given year，about dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’t see them all of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the _________eye. Comet Hale-Bopp discovered in 1995 was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit bought it _________to the earth within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won’t be back for another 4 thousand years or so.Part Ш Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices givenin a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December 36 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two 37 , record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception; November was the warmest ever 38 , and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.Enjoy the snow now, bec ause 39 are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niuo year.EI niuo, Spanish for ‚the child‛, 40 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the 41 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are 42 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 43 dry weather. Marine life may be affected too; EI Ninos can 44 the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich（营养丰富的）water that supports large fish 45 ,and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral(珊瑚).注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2015年12月英语四级考试真题(第三套带详解).docx
2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)Part Ⅰ Writing ( 30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying”Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen.” You can citexamples to illust rate the importance of being participants rather than mere onlookers inlife.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes)听力音频地址：/attached/media/20160426/20160426161254_0664.mp3Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。
1 A. Children should be taught to be more careful。
B。
Children shouldn’t drink so much orange juice.C。
There is no need for the man to make such a fuss。
D. Timmy should learn to do things in the right way。
2. A. Fitness training.B. The new job offer。
C。
Computer programming。
D。
Directorship of the club。
2015年12月四级英语考试真题与答案解析
2015年12月四级英语考试真题与答案解析作文（一）周思远题目：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Learning is a daily experience and a lifelong mission。
”You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning。
You should write at least 120 words，no more than 180 words。
参考范文：Currently in this constantly changing world，learning becomes a seemingly convenient but actually more complex matter。
As an old saying goes，”Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission”。
Apparently，the meaning of this saying is that if we truly desire to learn something，we are supposed to devote our life to it。
There are several reasons accounting for this viewpoint。
For one thing，learning itself is an actually complicated and painful matter，and as a result，it is advisable for us to commit much more time even our whole life to it。
2015年12月英语四级阅读真题(第三套卷)
2015年12月英语四级阅读真题（第三套卷）新东方&新东方在线联合发布Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks,You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions36to45are based on the following passage.Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society,However,they generally agree with the idea that equality in the information society is36different from that of an industrial society.As informatization progresses in society,the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society37the quantity of Information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the Ways of using and exchanging information.But such a view is a38analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media.A different39is possible when the actual amount of information40by the user is taken into account.In fact,the more information41throughout the entire society,the wider the gap becomes between "information haves"and"information have-nots,"leading to digital divide.According to recent studies,digital divide has been caused by three major 42classy,sex,and generation.In terms of class,digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class.With 43to sex,digital divide exists between men and women.The greatest gap,however,is between the Net-generation,44with personal computers and the Internet,and the older generation,45to an industrial society.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2015年12月四级真题答案三套(完整版)
写作第一版：For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning“. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.解题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : “学习的重要性”第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论参考范文:Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission. This is a proverb full of logic. In other words, learning is significant in our whole life. Indeed, we can learn many things from it. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.There are many reasons which can explain this phenomenon and the following are the typical ones. The first reason is that learning can light our road in the coming future. There is no denying the fact that the society is developing increasingly fast and we are often easily surpassed by the people around. The only way to avoid this is to learn to improve ourselves. As an illustration, I’d like to take myself as an example. After graduation from college, my life has been full of working pressure, which contributes to my decision of pursuing further education. That’s why I can make my own way in such a competitive society.The effect of learning can be boiled down to two major ones. First, with the spirit of learning, we are more capable of overcoming the difficulties in the future. More importantly, we can enrich our spare time life by learning. No matter who you are, you must remember that learning is the basic skill in our life.写作第二版：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Listening is more important than talking." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of paying attention to others' opinions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.解题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : “倾听重要性”第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论“Listening is more important than talking.”This proverb means that listening is something worthwhile to consider when we have communication with others. People often focus on their speaking ability, believing that good speaking equals good communication. There is some truth in this statement, but people who hold this opinion ignore a more important fact. God gave people two ears and one mouth, so it requires us to keep the ratios of listening and speaking by two to one. The ability to speak well is a necessary component to successful communication. The capability of listening is as important as speaking in that listening is the best respect forpeople around us. Listen attentively when others are speaking. It is the best and the most effective compliment that you can give them.To conclude, Listening can prevent interruption or formulate a response even before other speakers have finished. Good listeners are often some of the best speakers who can improve the quality of the communication. So listeners should interact with speakers, and respond promptly.写作第三版：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of being participants rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.解题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : “实践重要性”第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论There is an old saying “Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen”. It’s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.Only when you participate more can you make things perfect. Participation has been more and more important in the society. Students are asked to enter society and get some ideas of it. Surely participation has many advantages. Firstly, it can offer students a chance to contact society and meet different kinds of people. In this way people can gain some valuable social experience, which will be useful to their future life. Secondly, as college students, we can apply what they have learned in class to practical work, thus knowing themselves more clearly. Take the study of oral English for example, participation in any chances of communications with others in English, which enables us to become fluent in speaking.In summary, participation is the key factor in our daily life no matter who you are, no matter what you are doing. We should put their studies in the first place and see participation just as a useful supplement, so they ought to try to strike a balance between them.听力原文2015年12月四级听力原文第一版Part 1 短对话Question 1- M: Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month?-W: Sure. It’s actually the most impressive one I’ve seen on that topic.Q:What do we learn about the speakers?* 1.B. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.Question 2- W: Are you looking for anything in particular?- M: Yes. My son is graduating from high school, and I want to get him something special.Q:Where does the conversation most probably take place?* 2.A. At a gift shop.Question 3- M: Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery.-W: Really? If I remember right, he had a chance to work there, but he turned it down.Q:What does the woman say about Mike?* 3.C. He declined a job offer from the art gallery.Question 4- W: Would you like to come to Susan’s birthday party tomorrow evening? - M: I’m going to give a lecture tomorrow. I wish I could be in two places at the same time.Q:What does the man mean?4.D. He will be unable to attend the birthday party.Question 5- W: Aren’t you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making? - M: Yes. I think I will give them a deadline and hold them to it.Q:What is the man probably going to do?5.B. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.Question 6- W: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the visitors’ parking is? I left my car there.- M: Sure. It’s in Lot C. Over that way.Q:What does the woman want to know?6.A. The way to the visitor’s parking.Question 7- W: You look great! Now that you’ve taken those fitness classes.- M: Thanks. I’ve never felt better in my life.Q:What does the man mean?7.D. He has benefited from exercise.Question 8- W: I really admire the efficiency of your secretaries.- M: Our company selects only the best. They have a heave workload and we give them a lot of responsibilities.Q:What are the speakers talking about?8.D. The secretaries in the man’s company.Part 2 长对话Conversion 1W: Hi Leo, why do you say English would become the world language?M: Well. For one thing, it’s so commonly used, the only language that is used by more people is Chinese.W: Why is English spoken by so many people?M: It’s spoken in many countries of the world because of the British empire. And now of course is the influence of America as well.W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn. But English does have two greatest advantages.W: What are they?M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words for many other languages as well.W: Why is that?M: Well, partly because English speakers have travelled a lot, they bring back words with them. So English really does have an international vocabulary.W: And what is the other advantage of English?M: It that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn’t have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs, not like Latin, Russian and German for example.W: Why is that?M: Well, it’s quite interesting actually, it’s because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language, and only the common people spoke English. They tried to make their language as simple as possible. So they made the grammar easier.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.Q9: What does the man say about Chinese?Q10: What made English a widely used language?Q11: What is said to be special about English vocabulary?9.B. It is used by more people than English.10.C. The influence of the British Empire.11.It includes a lot of words from other languages.Conversation 2Man: Hello. Yes?Woman: Hello. Is that the sales department?M: Yes, it is.W:Oh, well. My name is Jane Kingsbury of GPF limited. We need some supplies for our design office.M: Oh, what sort?W:Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.M: DO44 or DO45?W:Ah, I don’t know. What’s the difference?M: Well, the 45 costs 15 pounds more.W:So what’s the total price then?M:It’s 387 pounds.W:Dose that include valued-added tax?M: Oh, I’m not sure. Most of the prices do. Yes, I think it does.W:What are the boards actually made of?M: Oh, I don’t know. I think it's a sort of plastic stuff these days. It’s white anyway.W:And how long does it take to deliver?M: Oh, I couldn’t really say. It depends on how much work we’ve got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know.W:Ok, now we also want some drawing pens, ink and rulers, and some drawing paper. M: Oh dear. The girl who takes all those supplies isn’t here this morning. So I can’t take those orders for you. I only do the equipment you see.W:Ok, well, perhaps I’ll ring back tomorrow.M: So do you want the drawing board then?W:Oh, I have to think about it. Thanks very much. I’ll let you know. Good-bye. M: Thank you. Good-bye.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you just heard.Question 12: What is the woman’s purpose in making the phone call?Question 13: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Question 14: What does the man say about delivery?Question 15: What does the woman say she will possibly do tomorrow?12.To place an order13.He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.14.It depends on a number of factors.15.Ring back when she comes to a decision.Part 3 短文短文 1No one knows for sure just how old kites are. In fact, they have been in use for centuries. 25 centuries ago, kites were well-known in China. These first kites were probably made of wood. They may even have been covered with silk, because silk were used a lot at that time. Early kites were built for certain uses. In ancient China, they will use to carry ropes to cross rivers. Once across, the ropes were tear down and wooden bridges would hang for them. Legend tells of one General who flew musical kites over the enemies’ camp. The enemy fled, believing the sounds to be the warming voices of angels. By the 15th century, many people flew kites in Europe. Marco Polo may have brought the kite back from his visit to China. The kite has been linked to great names and events. For instance, Benjamin Franklin used kite to prove the lightening electricity. He flew the kite in the storm. He did this in order to draw lightening from the clouds. He tied a metal key and a strip of silk to the kite line. The silk ribbon would stop the lightening from passing through his body. Benjamin’s idea was first laughed at. But later on, it enlightened the invention of the lightening rod. With such grand history, kite flying is short remain an entertaining and popular sport.Question 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 16: What does the speaker say about kite?Question 17: What did ancient Chinese use cats to do?Question 18: Why did BF flied a kite in the storm?16. No one knows for sure when they came into being.17.Carry ropes across river.18.To prove the lighting is electricity.短文2I have learnt many languages, but I’m not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has. Still, they have open doors for me. They have allowed me the opportunity to seek jobs in international contexts and help me get those jobs. Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it.I can’t image living my professional or social life without international interactions. Since 1977, I have spent much more time abroad than in the United States.I like going to new places, eating new foods and experiencing new cultures. If you can speak the language, it’s easier to get to know the country and its people. If I had the time and money. I would live for a year in as many countries as possible. Beyond my career, my facility with languages has given me a few rare opportunities. Once, just after I returned my year in Vienna. I was asked to translate for a German judge at Olympic level horse event and learned a lot about the sport.In Japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on the stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared and tell what I thought. They asked” Was it as good as American beef?” It was very exciting for me to be on Japanese TV, speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.Question 19 What does the speaker say about herself?Question 20 What does the speaker say about many people who have lived overseas for a while?Question 21 How did the speaker experience of living in Vienna benefit her? Question 22 What was the speaker asked to do in the Japanese studio?19.She can speak several languages.20.They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21.She was able to translate for a German sports judge.短文3Dr. Ben Carsen grew up in a poor single parent house-hold in Detroit. His mother, who had only a 3rd grade education helds two jobs cleaning bathrooms. To his classmates and even to histeachers he was thought of as the dummest kid in his class. According to his own not so fond memories.He had a terrible temper, and once threatened to kill another child. Dr. Carsen was headed down part of seld distraction until a critical moment in his youth. His mother convinced that he had to do something dramatic preventing leading a life of failure laid down some rules. He could notwatch television except for two programs a week, could not play with his friends after schooluntil he finished his homework. And had to read two books a week, and write book reports about them. His mother’s strategy worked. “Of course, I didn’t know she couldn’t read. So there I wassubmitting these reports.” he said. She would put check marks on them like she had been reading them. As I began to read about scientists，economists and philosophers.I started imaging myself in their shoes. As he got into the hobbit of hard work, his grade began to soar. Ultimately he received a scholarship to attending Yale University, and later he was admitted to the University of Michigan Medical School. He is now a leading surgeon at Johns Hopkins Medical School and he is also the author of the three books.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.Q23 What do we learn about Ben Carsen ?Q24 What did Ben Caren’s classmates and teachers think of him whenhe was first at school?Q25 What did Ben Carsen’s mother tell him to do when he was a school boy?22.Taste the beef and give her comment.23.He grew up in a poor single parent household.24.Stupid25.Write two book reports a week.Part 4 听写题When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? There are other 26heavenly bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most 27fascinating of this is a comet. Comets were formed around the same the earth was formed. They are 28made up of ice and other frozen liquids and gasses. 29Now and then these dirty snow balls begin to orbit the sun just as the planets do. As a comet gets closer to the sun. Some gasses in it begin to unfreeze. They 30combine with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun and solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet thus forming its tail. The tail and 31generally fuzzy atmosphere around the comet are 32characteristics that can help identify this 33phenomenon in the night sky. In any given year, about dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’t see them all of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the 34naked eye. Comet Hale-Bopp discovered in 1995 was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit bought 35relatively to the earth within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a longway on its earthly visit. It won’t be back for another 4 thousand years or so.26.heavenly27. Fascinating28made up of29.Now and thenbine with31.generally32.Characteristics33.phenomenon34. naked35 .relatively阅读部分第一版36. N) saw37. F) decades38. H) globally39. D) chances40. J) occurs41. A) additional42. B) associated43. G) experiences44. M) reduce45. K) populationsHow to Eat Well46. Cooking benefits people in many ways and enables them to connect with one another. 答案：D Shouldn’t preparing—and consuming—food be a source of comfort, pride, health, well-being, relaxation, sociability?…47. Abundant information about cooking is available either online or on TV.答案：B It’s not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by…48. Young people do less cooking at home than the elderly these days.答案：F． Perhaps a return to real cooking needn’t be far off…49. Cooking skills can be improved with practice.答案：O. You don’t have to hit the grocery store daily, nor do you need an abundance of skill…50. In the mid-20th century, most families ate dinner at home instead of eating out.答案：G. Back in the 1950s most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked virtually every night…51. Even those short of time or money should be encouraged to cook for themselves and their family答案：E. When I talk about cooking, I’m not talking about creating elaborate dinner parties or three-day science projects.…52. Eating food not cooked by ourselves can cause serious consequences.答案：J. There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some food companies to reduce calories in their processed food, but….53. To eat well and still save money, people should buy fresh food and cook it themselves.答案：M. To those Americans for whom money is a concern…54. We get a fairly large portion of calories from fast food and snacks.答案：C. And yet we aren’t cooking…55. The popularity of TV led to the popularity of frozen food.答案：H. Although frozen dinners were invented in the ‘40s, their popularity didn’t boom until televisions became popular a decade or so later…46-55.DBFOGEJMCH56. A) It is disappearing.57. B) electronically.58. D) Spending money is so fast and easy.59. A) It represents a change in the modern world.60. C) He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.61. A) They are culture-related.62. C) They get less sleep on public holidays.63. C) The World Cup.64. B) They want to get sufficient sleep.65. B) Few people really know the importance of sleep.第二版36 G favorite 37 M protest 38 B amount 39 O theories40 I immediately 41 D crazy 42 F differences 43 J naturally44 H happening 45 N rejectedThe perfect essay46. The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.答案: I。
2015年12月英语四级考试真题试卷(含答案)
2015年12月英语四级考试真题(含答案)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Listening is more important than talking?" You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of paying attention to others' opinions. You should write at least 120words but no more than 180words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.A) They admire the courage of space explorers.B) They were going to watch a wonderful movie.C) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.D) They like doing scientific exploration very much.2.A) In a school library.B) At a gift shop.C) In the office of a travel agency.D) At a graduation ceremony.3.A) He used to work in the art gallery.B) He does not have a good memoiy.C) He is not interested in any part-time jobs.D) He declined a job offer from the art gallery.4.A) He will be unable to attend the birthday party.B) The woman should have informed him earlier.C) He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.D) Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.5.A) Set a deadline for the staff to meet.B) Assign more workers to the project.C) Reward those having made good progress.D) Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6.A) Where she can leave her car.B) The rate for parking in Lot C.C) How far away the parking lot is.D) The way to the visitor's parking.7.A) He regrets missing the classes.B) He has benefited from exercise.C) He plans to take the fitness classes.D) He is looking forward to a better life.8.A) How to select secretaries.B) How to raise work efficiency.C) The responsibilities of secretaries.D) The secretaries in the man's company.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) It is used by more people than English.B) It is more difficult to learn than English.C) It will be as commonly used as English.D) It will eventually become a world language.10.A) Its popularity with the common people.B) The effect of the Industrial Revolution.C) The influence of the British Empire.D) Its loan words from many languages.11.A) It has a growing number of newly coined words.B) It includes a lot of words from other languages.C) It is the largest among all languages in the world.D) It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) To place an order.B) To apply for a job.C) To return some goods.D) To make a complaint.13.A) He works on a part-time basis for the company.B) He has not worked in the sales department for long.C) He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.D) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.14.A) It is not his responsibility.B) It win be free for large orders.C) It depends on a number of factors.D) It costs ￡15 more for express delivery.15.A) Make inquiries with some other companies.B) Report the information to her superior.C) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.D) Ring back when she comes to a decision.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16.A) No one knows for sure when they came into being.B) No one knows exactly where they were first made.C) No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D) No one knows what they will look like in the future.17.A) Measure the speed of wind.B) Give warnings of danger.C) Pass on secret messages.D) Carry ropes across rivers.18.A) To find out the strength of silk for kites.B) To test the effects of the lightning rod.C) To prove that lightning is electricity.D) To protect houses against lightning.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) She was born with a talent for languages.B) She was trained to be an interpreter.C) She can speak several languages.D) She enjoys teaching languages.20.A) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.B) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.C) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.D) They would like to live abroad permanently.21.A) She became an expert in horse racing.B) She learned to appreciate classical music.C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D) She got a chance to visit several European countries.22.A) Take part in a cooking competition.B) Taste the beef and give her comment.C) Teach vocabulary for food in English.D) Give cooking lessons on Western food.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A) He had only a third-grade education.B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.C) He often helped his mother do housework.D) He grew up in a poor single-parent family.24.A) Stupid.B) Active.C) Brave.D) Careless.25.A) Watch educational TV programs only.B) Write two book reports a week.C) Help with housework.D) Keep a diary.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? There are other __26__ bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most __27__ of these is a comet (彗星).Comets were formed around the same time the Earth was formed. They are __28__ ice and other frozen liquids and gases. __29__ these "dirty snowballs" begin to orbit the sun, just as the planets do.As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gases in it begin to unfreeze. They __30__ dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun, a solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet, thus forming its tail. The tail and the __31__ fuzzy (模糊的) atmosphere around a comet are __32__ that can help identify this __33__ in the night sky.In any given year, about a dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can't see them all, of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the __34__ eye. Comet Hale-Bopp, discovered in 1995, was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit brought it __35__ close to the Earth, within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won't be back for another four .【参考答案】26. heavenly27. fascinating28. made up of29. Now and then30. combine with31. generally32. characteristics33. phenomenon34. naked35. relativelyPartIII Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than onceQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society. However, they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is __36__ different from that of an industrial society. As informatization progresses in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society __37__ the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information. But such a view is a __38__ analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media.A different __39__ is possible when the actual amount of information __40__ by the user is taken into account. In fact, the more information __41__ throughout the entire society, the wider the gap becomes between "information haves" and "information have-nots" , leading to digital divide.According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major __42__: class, sex, and generation. In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class. With __43__ to sex, digital divide exists between men and women. The greatest gap, however, is between the Net-generation, __44__ with personal computers and the Internet, and the older generation, __45__ to an industrial society.A) accustomedB) acquiredC) assemblyD) attributeE) championsF) elementsG) expandsH) familiarI) flowsJ) fundamentallyK) interpretationL) passiveM) regardN) respectivelyO) superficialJoy: A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.A) When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729, that the people of Ireland eat their children, he insisted it would solve three problems at once: feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severe depression, and stimulate the restaurant business. Even as a satire (讽刺), it seems disgusting and shocking in America with its child-centered culture. But actually, the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.B) If you spend much time with educators and policy makers, you'll hear a lot of the following words: "standards," "results," "skills," "self-control," "accountability," and so on. I have visited some of the newer supposedly "effective" schools, where children shout slogans in order to leam self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can't sit still.C) A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when people think about education, they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child, or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.D) I'm a mother of three, a teacher, and a developmental psychologist. So I've watched a lot of children—talking, playing, arguing, eating, studying, and being young. Here's what I've come to understand. The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance, nor their lack of skills. It's their enormous capacity for joy. Think of a 3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what he can and cannot sink in the bathtub, a 5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends, or an 11-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip. A child's ability to become deeply absorbed in something, and derive intense pleasure from that absorption, is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.E) A friend told me the following story. One day, when he went to get his 7-year-old son from soccer practice, his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice. The coach had criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills. The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down. He seemed wrapped in sadness. But just before he reached the car door, he suddenly stopped, crouching (蹲伏) down to peer at something on the sidewalk. His face went down lower and lower, and then, with complete joy he called out, "Dad. Come here. This is the strangest bug I've ever seen. It has, like, a million legs. Look at this. It's amazing. " He looked up at his father, his features overflowing with energy and delight. "Can't we stay here for just a minute? I want to find out what he does with all those legs. This is the coolest ever. "F) The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant byproduct of youth—something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities, like perseverance (坚持不懈), obligation, and practicality. Yet moments like this one are just the kind of intense absoiption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking. Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy. Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with small figures, conductingexperiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub, and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example. In some cases, schools should help children find new, more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy: making art, making friends, making decisions.G) Building on a child's ability to feel joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn't be that hard. It would just require a shift in the education world's mindset (思维模式). Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.H) Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish, or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in a nation where there is awful poverty, low academic achievement, and high dropout rates, think again. The more horrible the school circumstances, the more important pleasure is to achieving any educational success.I) Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured by their administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility. The assumption is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead, they should leain to delay gratification (快乐) so that they can pursue abstract goals, like going to college.J) Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children, it makes no sense educationally. Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school, kids need to want to learn. You can force a child to stay in his or her seat, fill out a worksheet, or practice division. But you can't force the child to think carefully, er\joy books, digest complex information, or develop a taste for learning. To make that happen, you have to help the child find pleasure inlearning—to see school as a source of joy.K) Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine; unpleasant, but necessary and good for you. Why not instead think of learning as if it were food—something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it as a pleasure?L) Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs. The more difficult a child's life circumstances, the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom. "Pleasure" is not a dirty word. And it doesn't run counter to the goals of public education. It is, infact, the precondition.46. It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.47. What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they are doing.48. Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.49. It is human nature to seek joy in life.50. Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.51. Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful experience.52. Adults do not consider children's feelings when it comes to education.53. Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.54. In the so-called "effective" schools, children are taught self-control under a set of strict rules.55. To make learning effective, educators have to ensure that children want to leam.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.When it's five o'clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they're done.These days, the time is everywhere-, not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale (士气) and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 a. m. to 10 a. m. , research from 10 a. m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities—from project planning,holiday shopping, to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under "clock time" vs "task time. " They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control Over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in business culture. Smart companies, they believe, will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It'll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.56. What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?A) It makes everybody time-conscious.B) It is a convenience for work and life.C) It may have a negative effect on creative work.D) It clearly indicates the fast pace of modem life.57. How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A) They combine clock-based and task-based planning.B) They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.C) They set a time limit for each specific task.D) They accomplish their tasks one by one.58. What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?A) They seize opportunities as they come up.B) They always get their work done in time.C) They have more control over their lives.D) They tend to be more productive.59. What do the researchers say about today's business culture?A) It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B) It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C) It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers' lives.D) It aims to bring employees' potential and creativity into full play.60. What do the researchers suggest?A) Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.B) It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C) Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D) A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2004. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was " paying her dues," and that " there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew. "Surely, the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful. Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person's individual circumstances. Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing. They can affect a person's ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all, more than 45,000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life.Some laws make sense. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia(恋童癖) work in a school. But too often collateral (附随的) consequences bear no relation to public safety. Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.The point is not to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it is to recognize that in America's vast criminal justice system, second chances are crucial. It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2015年12月大学英语4级真题答案(第三套)
2015年12月大学英语4级真题答案（第三套）Part I WritingBe Participants Rather Than OnlookersJust as the saying goes, never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen. It obviously emphasizes the importance of being participants instead of onlookers in life.There are several reasons to account for it. To start with, you will never realize the essence of life unless you try something on your own. No matter it is success or failure, both will make your life more colorful. Furthermore, chances are only for those who are brave enough to challenge themselves. They tend to have more choices and opportunities than others. Last but not least, Rome is not built in one day. Only if you are a doer rather than a watcher can you get valuable experience for the future.It is no exaggeration to say that some of the young generations prefer to be onlookers, which seems to be easier and less stressful. Therefore, we should have a change starting from applying what we have learned into practice and finally be more practical and effective in our future life.Part II Listening Comprehension（略四级考试共有两套听力）Part III Reading ComprehensionSection A36. G) favorite37. M) protest38. B) amount39. O) theories40. I) immediately41. D) crazy42. F) differences43. J) naturally44. H) happening45. N) rejectedSection B46. I) She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon.47. C) My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rare occasion when she got angry, she was terrifying.48. K) Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay.49. E) Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do.50. B) When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page: “Flawless.”51. F) Franz Kafka once said:“Writing is utter solitude, the descent into the cold abyss of oneself.”52. A) Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher.53. H) My mother said she would help me with my writing, but first I had to help myself.54. J) She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression.55. G) There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce “a better in its place.”Section C56. A) Its success is hard to copy anywhere else.57. B) Lack of the right kind of talents.58. A) Its location is not as attractive to rich people.59. D) It is an old city with many sites of historical interest.60. C) They can do more than providing money.61. C) It may prevent your business and career from advancing.62. B) Encourage people to disagree and argue.63. A) To find out the truth about an issue.64. D) They take care not to hurt each other’s feelings.65. D) Acknowledge their contribution.Part IV TranslationAn annual Chinese speech contest for foreign people is held in Changsha this year, which proves to be a good way of improving the cultural communication between China and other areas in the world. It offers the young people all over the world a good opportunity to learn more about China.A total of 126 contestants from 87 countries gather in the capital of Hunan province, who take part in both the semi-final and the final from 6 July to 5 August.The competition is not the only activity. There are some other plans for the contestants to visit the famous scenic spots and historical resorts.。