大学英语四级改革适用(听力)-试卷262
大学英语四级改革适用（听力）-试卷262(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Listening Comprehension(总题数：12，分数：50.00)1.Part II Listening Comprehension__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.Section A__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：（分数：4.00）A.The snow on the Rocky Mountains.B.The controversy surrounding die Oscar. √C.The Revenant, "Spotlight" and "The Big Short".D.Black actors' and their performances.解析：A.DiCaprio has won his first Oscar.B.DiCaprio will join a protest.C.DiCaprio appears in the film "The Revenant". √D.DiCaprio will compete with the film "Best Picture".解析：（分数：4.00）A.Sweden.B.China.C.Switzerland. √D.France.解析：A.The Fourth Industrial Revolution. √B.Geological Security.C.China's Economic Forecast.D.World Economic Growth.解析：（分数：6.00）A.229.B.270.C.10D.36 √解析：A.Their boat caught fire. √B.Their boat collided with another boat.C.Their boat was damaged by a hurricane.D.They decided to repair their boat.解析：A.By a plane.B.By a boat. √C.By radio contact.D.By a help center.解析：3.Section B__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：（分数：8.00）A.BasketballB.Table tennis.C.Long-distance race.D.Cross-country skiing. √解析：A.Beautiful scenery in the countryside.B.Dangers of cross-country skiing.C.Pain and pleasure in sports.D.A sport he participates in. √解析：A.He can't find good examples to illustrate his point.B.He can't find a peaceful place to do the assignmentC.He doesn't know how to describe the beautiful country scenery.D.He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing. 11. √解析：A.New ideas come up as you write. √B.Much time is spent on collecting dataC.A lot of effort is made in vain.D.The writer's point of view often changes.解析：（分数：8.00）A.Journalist of a local newspaper.B.Director of evening radio programs.C.Producer of television commercials.D.Hostess of the weekly "Business World". √解析：A.He ran three restaurants with his wife's help.B.He and his wife did everything by themselves. √C.He worked both as a cook and a waiter.D.He hired a cook and two local waitresses.解析：A.He hardly needs to do any advertising nowadays.B.He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers. √C.He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.D.He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.解析：A.The restaurant location.B.The restaurant atmosphere. √C.The food variety.D.The food price.解析：4.Section C__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：（分数：6.00）A.Its protection is often neglected by children.B.It cannot be fully restored once damaged.C.There are many false notions about it √D.There are various ways to protect it解析：A.It may make the wearer feel tired.B.It will gradually weaken the eyes of adults.C.It can lead to the loss of vision in children. √D.It can permanently change the eye structure.解析：A.It can never be done even with high technology.B.It is the best way to restore damaged eyesightC.It is a major achievement in eye surgery.D.It can only be partly accomplished now. √解析：（分数：6.00）A.They think they should follow the current trend.B.Nursing homes are well-equipped and convenientC.Adult day-care centers are easily accessible.D.They have jobs and other commitments. √解析：A.They don't want to use up all their life savings. √B.They fear they will regret it afterwards.C.They would like to spend more time with them.D.They don't want to see their husbands poorly treated. 解析：A.Provide professional standard care.B.Be affectionate and cooperative.C.Be frank and seek help from others. √D.Make full use of community facilities.解析：（分数：8.00）A.Health and safety conditions in the workplace. √B.Rights and responsibilities of company employees.mon complaints made by office workers.D.Conflicts between labor and management解析：A.Replace its out-dated equipment √B.Improve the welfare of affected workers.C.Follow government regulations strictly.D.Provide extra health compensation.解析：A.They requested to transfer to a safer department. √B.They quit work to protect their unborn babies.C.They sought help from union representatives.D.They wanted to work shorter hours.解析：A.To show how they love winter sports.B.To attract the attention from the media.C.To protect against the poor working conditions. √D.To protect themselves against the cold weather.解析：。
大学英语四级改革适用(听力)-试卷258
大学英语四级改革适用（听力）-试卷258(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Listening Comprehension(总题数：12，分数：50.00)1.Part II Listening Comprehension__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.Section A__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：（分数：4.00）A.The Taliban.B.The Islamic State. √C.Al-Qaeda.D.Harem.解析：A.10.B.7.C.15D.13 √解析：（分数：4.00）A.The SAT will be cancelled. √B.The SAT is a standardized test.C.The College Board is a private company.D.Many universities require SAT scores.解析：A.A company runs the SAT.B.The SAT was cancelled in 2013.C.The SAT is a college entrance exam.D.400,000 people cheated in 2014. √解析：（分数：6.00）A.March 1 and March 2.B.March 11 and March 12.C.From March 20 to March 22.D.From March 21 to March 22. √解析：A.The United States used to accuse Cuba of supporting terrorism. √B.Over the past 90 years, no U. S. citizen has ever visited Cuba.C.Embassies will be reopened in both countries.D.Foreign relations between the two countries have improved in the past 40 months.解析：A.The president will be the first person to visit Cuba in 90 years.B.The president will visit Fidel Castro in Havana.C.The president will meet with opposition leaders of Cuba.D.The president will visit Raul Castro in Havana. √解析：3.Section B__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：（分数：8.00）A.He likes Sweden better than England.B.He prefers hot weather to cold weather.C.He is an Englishman living in Sweden. √D.He visits London nearly every winter.解析：A.The bad weather.B.The gloomy winter.C.The cold houses. √D.The long night.解析：A.Delightful.B.Painful.C.Depressing. √D.Refreshing.解析：A.They often stay up late reading.B.They work hard and play hard. √C.They Like to go camping in summer.D.They try to earn more and spend more.解析：（分数：8.00）A.English Literature.B.Management.C.French. √D.Public Administration.解析：A.English teaching.B.Staff training.C.Careers guidance. √D.Psychological counseling.解析：A.Nottingham.B.Yorkshire. √C.French.D.China.解析：A.Its generous scholarships.B.Its worldwide fame.C.Its well-designed courses.D.Its pleasant environment. √解析：4.Section C__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：（分数：6.00）A.Characteristics of Japanese artists.B.Some features of Japanese culture.C.The art of Japanese brush painting. √D.The uniqueness of Japanese art.解析：A.To calm themselves down.B.To enhance concentration. √C.To show their impatience.D.To signal lack of interest.解析：A.How listeners in different cultures show respect. √B.How speakers can win approval from the audience.C.How speakers can misunderstand the audience.D.How different Western and Eastern art forms are.解析：（分数：8.00）A.Directing personnel evaluation.B.Buying and maintaining equipment. √C.Drawing up plans for in-service training.D.Interviewing and recruiting employees.解析：A.Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.B.The training program he ran was a failure.C.Two of his workers were injured at work.D.Two of his employees committed theft. √解析：A.A better relationship with his boss.B.Advancement to a higher position. √C.A better-paying job in another company.D.Improvement in the company's management.解析：A.She has more self-confidence than Chris.B.She works with Chris in the same division.C.She has more management experience than Chris.D.She is competing with Chris for the new job. √解析：（分数：6.00）A.They help us see the important values of a culture. √B.They guide us in handling human relationships.C.They help us express ourselves more effectively.D.They are an infinite source of human knowledge.解析：A.Their wording may become different.B.The values they reflect may change. √C.Their origins can no longer be traced.D.They may be misinterpreted occasionally.解析：A.Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures. √B.Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance.C.Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones.D.Certain values have always been central to a culture. 解析：。
大学英语四级改革适用(听力)模拟试卷259(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷259(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. What has been declared a global public health emergency?2. How many people were proved to be infected in the UK?1．A．WHO.B．Zika.C．Geneva.D．Flu.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力2．A．1.B．5.C．3D．18正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：Agricultural experts say crop diversity is important to feed the increasing population of our planet. They say having a large variety of plants also helps to protect against possible crop diseases and future crises. Hundreds of thousands of different plants now exist. But many experts say the number has decreased sharply during the past century. One of the world’s largest seed conservation projects has predicted further losses. (3) The Millennium Seed Bank Partnership is warning that up to 100,000 plant species could permanently disappear. The rich collection of genes that decide their qualities would disappear with them. (4) Many experts blame climate change and loss of habitat, normal growth area, for damaging plant life. They say human activities and poorly planned, overly heavy use of land are also responsible. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says modern business farming is responsible for the loss of farmers’traditional crop varieties. The “Green Revolution”of the 20th century changed agriculture. As a result, some traditional crops were lost.3. Which organization has warned about the danger to crop diversity?4. Which of the following statements is true according to the news?3．A．The Green Revolution.B．The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.C．The Millennium Seed Bank Partnership.D．The Modern Business Farming.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力4．A．Global warming may be largely responsible for the disappearance of plant pecies.B．New types of plants come into existence around the world every year.C．The diversity of genes may be largely responsible for the disappearance of plant species.D．Approximately 100,000 kinds of plants around the world die out every year.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：(5) Police are investigating threats against dozens of schools this week in seven U. S. states. Threats were called in to at least 26 schools in New Jersey on Tuesday. Most were to schools in suburbs of New York City, police said. Other threats were called in Tuesday to schools in Maryland, Iowa, Massachusetts, Delaware, Arizona and Florida. Wednesday brought more bomb threats to schools in Delaware and Arizona. (6) The threats come at a time when polling shows Americans are worried about terrorist attacks. At Clifton High School, a voice mail warned of a bomb. A separate call warned of a “mass shooting”at the school later on Tuesday. The responses to the threats varied, according to news reports. Some schools moved students to other buildings while officials searched the threatened schools. (7) In New Jersey, some students said they waited outside their schools for an hour or more without coats in below freezing temperatures. Other schools closed for the day. And some kept students “locked down”in their classrooms.5. What are police doing?6. Which of the following statements is true according to the news?7. What measures did schools take?5．A．They are calling 26 schools in New Jersey.B．They are trying to protect some American schools.C．They are locking down some students in their classrooms.D．They are warning a high school of a bomb.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力6．A．Terrorist attacks remain a major concern for Americans.B．Schools are the number one target for terrorists.C．Police are incapable of keeping schools safe.D．Many students have become ill due to terrorist threats.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力7．A．Some schools asked their students to stay off campus.B．Some schools asked their students to stay outside classrooms.C．Some schools were closed for the week.D．Some schools searched for bombs.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力Section B听力原文：W: Good afternoon, Mr. Jones. I’m Teresa Chen, and I’ll be interviewing you. How are you today?M: I am fine,thank you. And you,Miss Chen?W: Good,thanks. Can you tell me something about your experience in this kind of work?M: Well, for several years, I managed a department for the Brownstone Company in Detroit, Michigan. Now I work part time because I also go to school at night. I’m getting a business degree.W: Oh, how interesting. Tell me,why do you want to leave your present job?M: I’ll finish school in a few months, and I’d like a full-time position with more responsibility.W: And why would you like to work for our company?M: Because I know your company’s work and I like it.W: Could you please tell me about your special skills and interests?M: Of course, I’m good at computers and I can speak Spanish. I used to take classes in Spanish at the local college. And I like travelling a lot.W: Can you give me any references?M: Yes, certainly. You can talk to Mr. McCaw, my boss, at the Brownstone Company. I could also give you the names and numbers of several of my teachers.W: All right,Mr. Jones,and would you like to ask me any questions?M: Yes, I wonder when I’ll be informed about my application for the job.W: Well, we’ll let you know as soon as possible. Let’s stay in touch. Thank you very much for coming this afternoon.M: Thank you.8. What does the man say about his working experience?9. Why does the man want to leave his present job?10. What is the man interested in?11. What question did the man ask the woman?8．A．He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school.B．He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years.C．He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago.D．He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力9．A．He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.B．He is eager to find a job with an increased salary.C．He likes to work in a company close to home.D．He would rather get a less demanding job.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力10．A．Sports.B．Travel.C．Foreign languages.D．Computer games.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力11．A．When he is supposed to start work.B．What responsibilities he would have.C．When he will be informed about his application.D．What career opportunities her company can offer.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：M: Lisa, Lisa! Over here, darling I It’s wonderful to see you. Oh, Lisa, you look marvelous.W: Oh,Paul,you look tired. Two months away in the capital? Paul, I think you’ve been working too hard.M: I’m fine. The city is very hot at this time of the year. It’s good to get back to some fresh air. You know, Lisa, what they say about pregnant women really is true.W: What’s that, Paul?M: They say they look beautiful.W: Well, I have had a lot of attention while you’ve been studying hard on your course in D. C.M: Oh?W: Oh, don’t worry. Of a man over 50, father has told all his business friends the good news about the baby. And the phone hasn’t stopped ringing.M: Oh, look, darling. There’s a taxi.W: Paul, tell me about this special project you mentioned on the phone. You sounded very excited about it !M: You know, I’ve learned a lot from the project. I’m surprised that we are still in business.W: That’s because we have a wonderful sales manager—you!M; Thanks. But that’s not the problem at all. Lisa, our little company, and it is little compared to the giants in the city. Our little company’s in danger. We are out of date. We need to expand. If we don’t, we will be swallowed up by one of the giants.12. What do we learn about Lisa?13. What do people say about pregnant women from the conversation?14. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?15. What does the man say about his company?12．A．She is pregnant.B．She is over 50.C．She has just finished her project.D．She is a good saleswoman.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力13．A．They say they look tired.B．They say they look beautiful.C．They say they are forgetful.D．They say they are very busy.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力14．A．He takes good care of Lisa.B．He is the CEO of a giant company.C．He is good at business management.D．He works as a sales manager.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力15．A．It is in urgent need of further development.B．It produces goods popular among local people.C．It has been losing market share in recent years.D．It is well positioned to compete with the giants.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力Section C听力原文：Farmington, Utah, is a more pleasant community since a local girls’4-H club improved Main Street. Six 4-H girls worked to clean a 72-foot curbside that was covered with weeds, rocks and trash. Each member volunteered to clean up and to dig and plant five flats of flowers. They also took turns in watering, weeding and maintaining the plot. Participation in this project helped the girls develop a new attitude towards their parents of their own homes; they’ve learned how to work with tools, and improve their work habits. One mother said that before her daughter was involved in this project, she would not even pour a weed. The experience on Main Street stimulated self-improvement, and encouraged members to take pride in their home grounds and in the total community. City officials cooperated with the 4-H members in planting trees, building cooking facilities, pick-me tables, swings and public rest rooms. The 4-H girls planted trees and took care of them during the early stages of growth. The total park project needed more plantings in the following years. Members of the 4-H club agreed to follow the project through to completion, because they receive satisfaction from the results of constructive work. The project is a growing one and has spread from the park to the school and the shopping centre. Trees and flowers have all been planted in the shopping centre, making the atmosphere pleasant.16. What do we learn about Main Street in Farmington?17. What do the 4-H club members do about the curbside?18. What have the 4-H girls learned from the project?19. Why did the 4-H girls agree to follow the park project through tocompletion?16．A．It is lined with tall trees.B．It was widened recently.C．It has high buildings on both sides.D．It used to be dirty and disorderly.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力17．A．They repaved it with rocks.B．They built public restrooms on it.C．They beautified it with plants.D．They set up cooking facilities hear it.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力18．A．What makes life enjoyable.B．How to work with tools.C．What a community means.D．How to improve health.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力19．A．They were obliged to fulfill the signed contract.B．They were encouraged by the city officials’ praise.C．They wanted to prove they were as capable as boys.D．They derived happiness from the constructive work.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：According to a survey on a reading conducted in 2001 by the U. S. National Education Association( NEA) , young Americans say reading is important, more important than computers and science. Over 50% of the 12 to 18-year-olds interviewed said they enjoy reading a lot. 79% find it stimulating and interesting. And 87% think it is relaxing. About 68% of those surveyed disagree with the opinion that reading is boring or old-fashioned. Over half the teenagers interviewed said they read more than ten books a year. The results also show that middle school students read more books than high schoolers. Over 66% of teens liked to read fiction, such as novels and stories, only 26% were interested in non-fiction, such as history books. 64% of students listed reading stories about people my own age as their favorite topic. Mysteries and detective stories came second on the list at 53% . Just under 50% saidthey were interested in reading about their own culture in tradition. Of the teenagers who participated in the survey,49% said that libraries are where they get most of their books. However, many complain that their school libraries do not have enough up-to-date interesting books and magazines. Even though many teenagers in the U. S. enjoy reading, they still have other interests. When asked which activity would be the most difficult to give up for a week,48% said listening to music. TV would be difficult to give up for 25% of those surveyed.20. What does the survey on teenager reading show?21. What books are most popular among teenagers according to the survey?22. What activity do teenagers find the most difficult to give up for a week?20．A．The majority of them think it less important than computers.B．Many of them consider it boring and old-fashioned.C．The majority of them find it interesting.D．Few of them read more than ten books a year.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力21．A．Novels and stories.B．Mysteries and detective stories.C．History and science books.D．Books on culture and tradition.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力22．A．Watching TV.B．Listening to music.C．Reading magazines.D．Playing computer games.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：Thank you for coming, everyone. Today’s presentation will show how we see the development of the motor car in the short to medium term, and that is why we have invited all of you here today. Let’s start with power. It’s clear that petrol-driven engines have no future. Already there are many alternative fuel vehicles on the market, powered by anything from solar power to natural gas. Some independent thinkers have even produced cars that run on vegetable oil. But as we all know, of all these alternative fuel vehicles, the most practical are electric vehicles. Sure, in the past electric vehicles have their problems, namely, a limited driving range, and very few recharging points, which limited their use. Now, however, recent developments in electric vehicle technology mean they can match conventional petrol engines in terms of performance and safety. Let’s not forget that electric vehicles arecleaner. Plus, importantly, the power source is rechargeable, so this does not involve using any valuable resources. Moving on to communications, very soon, cars will be linked to GPS satellites, so they’ll do all the driving for you. What controls remain for the users will be audio-based, so, for example, you’ll just have to say “a bit warmer”,and the air conditioning will adjust automatically. You’ll also be able to receive email, music and movies, all via an internet link. So just type in the destination you want, sit back, sleep, watch your movie, whatever.23. What is the presentation mainly about?24. What used to restrict the use of electric vehicles?25. What does the speaker say about electric vehicles of today?23．A．Advice on the purchase of cars.B．Information about the new green-fuel vehicles.C．Trends for the development of the motor car.D．Solutions to global fuel shortage.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力24．A．Limited driving range.B．The short life of batteries.C．Huge recharging expenses.D．The unaffordable high price.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力25．A．They need to be further improved.B．They can easily switch to natural gas.C．They are more cost-effective than vehicles powered by solar energy.D．They can match conventional motor cars in performance and safety.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力。
大学四级CET4历年真题听力(附文本)(2024)
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听力文本中的文化背景知识
英美国家文化习俗
了解英美国家的节日、风俗、习 惯等，有助于更好地理解听力文 本中的相关内容。
教育体制和校园生活
熟悉英美国家的教育体制和校园 生活，可以更好地融入听力文本 所描述的情境中。
社会热点和时事政治
掌握当前的社会热点和时事政治 ，有助于理解短文类听力文本中 涉及的相关话题。
扩大词汇量，熟悉常用的 短语和表达方式，有助于 更好地理解听力材料中的 信息。可以通过阅读、听 力练习和记忆单词等方式 来积累词汇和短语。
在备考过程中，要注意提 高自己的听力速度。可以 通过听一些速度较快的英 语材料来逐渐适应和提高 自己的听力速度。同时， 也要注意训练自己在有限 的时间内准确地捕捉关键 信息。
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考试技巧点拨
总结了听力考试中的高分技巧，帮助学员更好地应对考试。
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THANKS
感谢观看
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多角度练习
通过不同的练习方式，如精听、泛听、听写等，全面提高听力水平。
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注重积累
在听力练习过程中，注意积累常用的词汇、短语和表达方式，提高语 言感知能力。
定期自测与反思
定期进行自测，了解自身的听力水平和进步情况，并针对存在的问题 进行反思和调整学习方法。
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总结回顾与展望
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模拟试题难度分析
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词汇难度
涉及大学四级考试大纲要求的词汇，包括一些专业术语和常用表 达。
语速和语音
语速适中，发音清晰，符合大学英语四级考试听力部分的要求。
题型多样性
包含多种题型，如选择题、填空题和判断题，以全面考察学生的听 力理解能力。
大学英语四级改革适用(听力)模拟试卷250(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷250(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Why does the naked eye seldom see the dance of the songbirds?2. What should the researchers do next?1．A．The songbirds have transparent legs.B．The songbirds dance very quickly.C．The songbirds often hide behind the leaves.D．The songbirds never dance in the day time.正确答案：B解析：由新闻首句可知，科学家们发现一种鸣鸟会跳踢踏舞，但是因为动作太快，人们的肉眼往往看不到。
2．A．To study the daily schedule of the songbird.B．To discover the relationship between the courtship and dance.C．To research how the dance was invented.D．To find more songbirds’ dances.正确答案：B解析：新闻中提到，研究人员下一步要做的是搞清楚他们的示爱与这种舞步之间的关系。
听力原文：(3)The World Bank has warned that 100 million more people will be pushed into poverty by 2030 unless action is taken to prevent global warming. It says global warming will ravage crops and fuel the spread of malaria and other diseases. Laura Becca reports from Washington. “The World Bank says that climate change is already having an effect on the poorest people who were struggling to raise crops in extreme weather and low rainfall. They say the world’s poorer receive fewer resources and are woefully unprepared to deal with further climate shocks such as rising seas or severe drought.(4)They’re calling for more to be done to help those in need and they want world leaders to act to reduce carbon emissions. That report had been released just a few weeks before a UN climate summit in Paris.”3. What will make more people become poor by 2030?4. What should world leaders do?3．A．Global warming.B．Nuclear wars.C．Food crisis.D．Economic depression.正确答案：A解析：新闻中提到，世界银行发出警告如果不制止全球变暖现象的话，到2030年全球的贫困人口会再增加一亿。
专业英语四级(听力)模拟试卷262(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷262(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. DICTATIONPART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.1．正确答案：Dining Customs in the USA Americans, like many people elsewhere in the world, / like to invite friends to their homes for an evening of food, drink and conversation. / Formal dinners in fine homes and hotels in the US / are much the same as formal dinners anywhere in the world. / But as most people in the US have no servants, / their dinner parties at home tend to be informal. / Guests may sit down at a table, / or as many new small homes have no separate dining room or very small dining space. / Guests can also serve themselves and eat in the living room, / holding their plates or trays on their knees. / 涉及知识点：听写2．正确答案：Costs in Colleges and Universities Nearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their educations. / There are many costs. / First of all, there is tuition. / At some schools, the tuition is very high, ten thousand dollars a year or more. / At other schools, it may only be a few hundred dollars a year. / At some community colleges, tuition is free. / There are other costs as well. / Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities. / They may live in dormitories or apartments, and they must pay for it. / Finally, students must buy textbooks for their courses. / 涉及知识点：听写3．正确答案：Rainbow You will not always see a rainbow when it rains while the sun shines. / The sun must be in the right position over the horizon. / And remember to turn your back to the sun / when you look toward the sky. / A rainbow will never appear in the path between you and the sun. / Rainbows hold an important place in the traditional stories and beliefs / that make up many cultures. / For example, some cultures say the rainbow represents a bridge between life and death. / Still others see the rainbow as a sign of good things to come. / 涉及知识点：听写4．正确答案：The Color of Snow Generally, the color of snow appears white. / This is because the light we see from the sun is white. / Most natural materials take in some sunlight / This gives them their color. / However, when light travels from air to snow, some light is sent back, or reflected / Snow crystals have many surfaces to reflect sunlight / Yet the snow does take in a little sunlight. / It is this light that gives snow its white appearance. / Sometimes, snow may appear to be blue. / The blue light is the product of a long travel path through the snow. / 涉及知识点：听写5．正确答案：Camps Many children spend weeks at traditional camps by lakes in the mountains. / There are camps for all interests: / horseback riding, rock climbing, art, and science, to name a few. / There are even camps to learn how to be a clown. / Many Americans have happy memories of going away to camp as kids. / Now, grown-ups can relive those times. / In some state, for example, adults can spend a week at a snowboarding camp. / But, for some adults, the best camps are the ones / where they can be with their kids. / There are some weekend camp programs for parents and children together. / 涉及知识点：听写。
大学英语四级改革适用(听力)模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 2. Listening ComprehensionPart II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文：M: Mary, would you join me for dinner tonight?W: You treated me last weekend. Now it’s my turn. Shall we try something Italian? Q: What do we learn from the conversation?1．A．They are both anxious to try Italian food.B．They are likely to have dinner together.C．The man will treat the woman Id dinner tonight.D．The woman refused to have dinner with the man.正确答案：B解析：男士邀请女士跟他一起吃晚饭，女士说“上周末你请了我，这次轮到我请你了”，说明这次女士要请男士吃饭，故B正确而D错误。
女士说“我们尝尝意大利食品好吗?”这只是一个提议，并不是A所说的那样anxious。
C将请客的人物颠倒了。
知识模块：短对话听力原文：W: Good afternoon. I’m calling to inquire about the four-bedroom house you advertised in the newspaper.M: I’m sorry, but it’s already sold.Q: What do we learn about the house from the conversation?2．A．It’s only for rent, not for sale.B．It’s not as good as advertised.C．It’s being redecorated.D．It’s no longer available.正确答案：D解析：女士询问广告中的house的情况，男士说“sorry”，就应该预感到不妙，而关键是要抓住but后面的信息：“它(这套房子)已经售出”，即D项“买不到了”。
大学英语四级改革适用(听力)模拟试卷200(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷200(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. According to the news report, what has happened last October?2. What did preliminary results from this mission suggest?1．A．A rocket has been successfully launched.B．There was a rocket hitting the moon.C．A deep dark hole appeared on the moon’s South Pole.D．There was an amazing finding made by LRO.正确答案：B解析：新闻中指出，美国宇航局的一枚火箭以每小时9000公里的速度，撞上月球南极的一个黑暗陨石坑而粉碎。
这与B项的“火箭撞月”意思相同。
新闻中提到的是美国宇航局的火箭在月球上撞毁，故A项“成功发射火箭”错误。
新闻只是提到火箭撞上黑暗陨石坑，而非C项“月球南极出现一个黑暗的深坑”，故排除C。
D项“LRO有惊人的发现”都是火箭撞上月球的结果，与问题中的去年10月不相关，也排除。
2．A．Some form of water existed on the moon.B．The water on the moon was as much as in the desert.C．There was a lot of rocket remaining on the moon surface.D．A large area has been affected by the rocket正确答案：A解析：新闻中指出，科学家们根据各种结果和发现推断月球上有某种形式的水存在(there was someform of water on the moon)。
大学英语四级改革适用(听力)模拟试卷450(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷450(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. What makes sun bears become night owls?2. What does Kaitlyn Gaynor say about the behaviour pattern shifts of so many species?1．A．The melting of the polar iceberg.B．The illegal hunting of animals.C．The disturbance of human activity.D．The pollution in their natural habitat.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力2．A．They might reshape the entire ecosystems.B．They are caused by land development.C．They can be foreseen and prevented.D．They will destroy the environment completely.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：A motorist was prepared to meet his maker when he found himself trapped in his Cadillac for 14 hours on a hot, summer day.Cleveland resident Peter Pyros was backing his car out of the driveway in August when suddenly the battery died. Because the electric buttons used to active the door wouldn’t work, he became a prisoner in his own car, reported the Detroit Free Press.He tried shouting for help and pounding on the window, hoping it would break, but to no avail. After more than half a day stuck in the vehicle and barely able to breathe, a curious neighbour discovered Pyros before contacting police. They charged Pyros’battery long enough so he could let himself out of the car.What Pyros was unaware of is that his car was equipped with a manual door release handle. The only problem was he didn’t know it existed and the owner’s manual was not inside the vehicle. Pyros may be alive but he’s not happy. He’s suing the maker of his car for not making the emergency set easier to locate.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. What is the news report mainly about?4. Why didn’t Pyros use the manual door release handle?3．A．An accident caused by battery explosion.B．A man trapped in his own car.C．A car maker facing a severe penalty.D．A motorcycle crashing into a car.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力4．A．Because it was broken in an accident.B．Because it was not equipped in his car.C．Because he was too nervous to remember it.D．Because he was unaware of it.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：E-commerce is often blamed for the woes of brick-and-mortar retailers. But on Thursday, Sears’CEO Eddie Lampert cast blame on the company’s retirees—specifically, pension plan payouts—for draining company coffers.The statements came in a blog post by Lampert in which he outlined that since 2005, Sears has contributed over $4.5 billion to its pension fund.“Had the company been able to employ those billions of dollars in its operations, we would have been in a better position to compete with other large retail companies, many of which don’t have large pension plans, and thus have not been required to allocate billions of dollars to these liabilities,”he wrote.One way Sears has stayed buoyant in recent years: partnerships with Amazon. At the end of August, Sears announced it would expand the pilot program that enables Sears to install and balance automobile tires that consumers purchase through Amazon. The deal seems like a win-win for both retailers, as well as customers. Amazon shoppers who buy tires, including Sears’Die-Hard brand, can ship the tires to a nearby Sears Auto Centre for installation.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. Why did Sears’CEO Eddie Lampert cast blame on the company’s retirees?6. How much has Sears contributed to its pension fund since 2005?7. What would Sears do next?5．A．Because they are not content with the pension plans.B．Because they all support e-commerce.C．Because they consume too much capital of the company.D．Because they keep partnerships with Amazon.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力6．A．More than $4.5 billion.B．More than $5.4 billion.C．More than $4.5 million.D．More than $5.4 million.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力7．A．It would end its partnerships with Amazon.B．It would expand the pilot program.C．It would sell tires online.D．It would change its pension plan.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力Section B听力原文：W: Hi, Steven. What’s up?M: I am planning a summer vacation, trying to coordinate schedules with friends and family, but maybe there’s another way, even a better way, to take a vacation.W: What do you mean?M: I mean maybe I should travel alone this time. Nowadays, people are travelling alone in record numbers.W: There are many places that people have longed to go. But I often hear them say they have nobody to go with.M: True. I should travel alone. Last year, my editor sent me to Paris to explore the city by myself. That was the assignment. On my own, thousands of miles from home, I could slow down. I began to really enjoy all of the marvelous, everyday things I miss when talking with or looking after companions.W: Sounds to me so amazing. By travelling alone, we are able to zero in on details because there is no one to distract us, no one to tell us to hurry along, to stop lingering on some shopping centres to buy things you don’t want.M: Definitely. And you have the freedom to pursue your particular interests. You can develop your aesthetic sense at your own pace. You can explore art and design shops, places that may inspire a new hobby or a creative endeavor.W: Alone, we can be reflective, like the day I took myself to a tea ceremony in Tokyo. We can step outside our comfort zone. Alone, we can climb a hill on an autumn afternoon, and consider how we are living our life and how we want to live it in the future- a process that can get inhibited when other people are around.M: Indeed.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What is the man busy with?9. What does the man say about his assignment in Paris?10. Why is travelling alone so beneficial according to the speakers?11. What does the woman say about her trip in Tokyo?8．A．Planning his academic study for summer vacation.B．Arranging a party with his friends and family.C．Planning a summer vacation.D．Thinking about travelling to Paris.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力9．A．He missed marvelous, everyday things in Paris.B．He was well taken care of in Paris.C．He was accompanied by several friends in Paris.D．He travelled alone but enjoyed his trip in Paris.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力10．A．Because you don’t have to take care of your companions.B．Because you are free to pursue your particular interests.C．Because you can go to art and design shops.D．Because you will have the chance to enjoy the local life.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力11．A．It was comfortable.B．The tea ceremony was enjoyable.C．It was reflective.D．The hill was beautiful.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：W: Now we have Adam Grant, a psychologist at Wharton Business School with his new book Option B.M: Thank you. I read a study days ago which showed that highly creative adults grew up in families where their parents argued more, not only argued more, but argued reasonably in front of their children.W: As a mom, I just thought that was something you’re never supposed to do.M: Well, the more I read about this research, the more I realized that if you never disagree in front of your kids, they think there’s one right answer to everything, whereas if they see you argue, they realize that there might be multiple perspectives on a problem, and they have to learn to think for themselves.W: I see. Are there any rules for this sort of arguing?M: Yes, there are a few rules for good arguing. One is to argue like you’re right, but listen like you’re wrong. Instead of arguing to win, you can argue to learn. And the key is you have to acknowledge when your opponent has made a good point.W: I think most of us are terrible at hearing criticism. Think about what happens to you physically. Your shoulders start to tense. Your body tightens up. Your heart races. And you just feel like you’re being physically attacked.M: Yes. I have advice on this. And it only takes 23 words: “I am giving you these comments because I have very high expectations of you, and I am confident that you can reach them.”It changes the conversation. Instead of saying “this person is about to attack me,”the person receiving the feedback says “this person is trying to help me.”W: Sounds quite enlightening!Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. What did the study the man read show about highly creative adults?13. What do kids learn from disagreements between their parents?14. What is the key to good arguing?15. How would we react physically when we hear criticism?12．A．They grew up in highly harmonious families.B．They grew up in families with fierce arguments.C．They grew up in families with reasonable arguments.D．They grew up in relatively stable families.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力13．A．Strategies to win an argument.B．The importance of being less aggressive.C．Multiple angles on a problem.D．The importance of family harmony.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力14．A．You have to admit it when your opponent has made a good point.B．You have to defeat your opponent by all means to win an argument.C．You have to argue back even if your opponent has made a good point.D．You have to be alert when your opponent has made a good point.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力15．A．Our body temperature rises.B．Our mind goes mad.C．Our blood pressure goes up.D．Our shoulders tighten.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力Section C听力原文：Are you worried your heart is much older than you are and that you’re on the verge of having a heart attack? Well, a test can estimate the age of your ticker, as well as revealing how long you can expect to live without having a heart attack or a stroke. But a new update to the 16-question tool offers advice and interventions to help lower the vital organ’s age and keep you alive for longer.Produced by NHS Choices and the British Heart Foundation, the Heart Age Tool asks for information about your age, gender, height and weight. It also seeks to know where you live, whether you’re an active smoker and your ethnicity—all factors that impact the risk of having a heart attack or stroke. The free tool-initially launched last year—also searches for information about your cholesterol levels, blood pressure and whether or not you have any other conditions that increase your risk. It is designed to work on people aged 30 or older who have not already been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. The updated tool comes after new research found four in five people have hearts much older than they are due to a poor lifestyle.In the worst cases, men and women in their mid-40s had hearts typical of 60-year-olds, scientists found. A worrying 89% of men below 40 had unhealthy hearts, compared with just 41% of women, researchers discovered.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What do we learn about the Heart Age Tool?17. Whom does the Heart Age Tool apply to?18. What can we learn from the end of the talk?16．A．It is a recently launched device.B．It is a portable device.C．It is a list of 6 questions.D．It is a list of 16 questions.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力17．A．Anyone over 30-year-old and with heart-related disease.B．Those at the age of 30 or older and without cardiovascular disease.C．Old people who have been diagnosed with heart disease.D．People in their mid-40s and diagnosed with heart disease.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力18．A．Men tend to have an healthy heart even when they reach the age of 40.B．Women tend to have an unhealthy heart when they are in their 40s.C．More men under 40 have heart problems than women.D．More women over 40 have heart problems than men.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：Norm Pethrick, a 36-year-old man in Australia’s northern city Darwin, was praised on Thursday for jumping onto a crocodile’s back to save his wife Wendy at Litchfield National Park, a popular tourist spot southwest of Darwin, a local newspaper reported. Ms. Pethrick was standing on a river bank Wednesday afternoon when the saltwater crocodile attacked her, locking its jaws on both her legs as it tried to drag her underwater. Norm Pethrick, who with his wife had been collecting water, immediately went to help her. He jumped onto the back, poked the eyes of the crocodile and finally got his wife free. Ms. Pethrick was later taken to Royal Darwin Hospital for a medical treatment. The doctors said she was suffering eight puncture wounds in her right leg, a puncture wound in her left leg and a serious cut to one of her fingers. “This could have been a fatal and tragic situation,”said the general manager of Royal Darwin Hospital, Dr. Len Notaras, according to a local report. He said Ms. Pethrick was saved by her husband’s “quick and diligent actions.”Dr. Notaras also said she would remain in hospital for three to four days andhave an operation to clean the wounds, which are easy to get infected because of bacteria on the teeth of the crocodile.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What is the accident?20. What was Ms. Pethrick doing when the accident happened?21. How were Ms. Pethrick’s wounds?19．A．Animal attack.B．Tourist conflict.C．Ship wreck.D．Road accident.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力20．A．She was swimming.B．She was fishing.C．She was sitting in a boat.D．She was standing on a river bank.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力21．A．They were mainly on her left leg.B．They were mainly on her right leg.C．They were mainly on her fingers.D．They were mainly on her arms.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：Billionaire Bill Gates has made a $100 million investment to help researchers find a cure for Alzheimer’s. The brain disease causes people to slowly lose their memory and mental abilities as they grow old. Gates, the co-founder of Microsoft, said he has given $50 million to the Dementia Discovery Fund. The London-based fund aims to bring business and government together to seek treatments for the brain-wasting disease. Another $50 million will go to start-up groups working in Alzheimer’s research, Gates said. The money is a personal donation and not from his charitable organization, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.“The disease is a huge problem, a growing problem, and the scale of the tragedy—even for the people who stay alive—is very high,”Gates told the Reuters news agency. Despite many years of research, scientists have not found a treatment that can slow the progression of Alzheimer’s. Current drugs can do no more than ease some of the effects. But Gates said he is hopeful that treatments can be found, even if they might still be more than 10 years away. Gates’usual health focus is on helping fight infectious diseases in poorer countries. He said Alzheimer’s became his mission partly for personal reasons, and partly because it has been so difficult to find effectivetreatment. Some men in his family have suffered from Alzheimer’s, he said. In a blog post about the investments, Gates wrote, “I know how awful it is to watch people you love struggle as the disease robs them of their mental capacity. It feels a lot like you’re experiencing a gradual death of the person that you knew.”Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What does the Dementia Discovery Fund aim to do?23. How much did Bill Gates give to start-up groups working in Alzheimer’s research?24. What does the speaker say about the research on Alzheimer’s?25. What is Gates’usual health focus on?22．A．Find private funds to help those with brain-wasting disease.B．Call on medical research groups to help those with brain-wasting disease.C．Call on the government to help those with brain-wasting disease.D．Unite business and government together to help those with brain-wasting disease.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力23．A．$50 million.B．$100 million.C．$150 million.D．$200 million.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力24．A．Scientists have found an effective way to cure the disease.B．Scientists have found a treatment that can prevent its progression.C．Scientists have not found a treatment that can slow its progression.D．Scientists have found an effective way to expand people’s mental capacity.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力25．A．Helping fight brain-wasting disease all over the world.B．Helping fight infectious diseases in poorer countries.C．Helping fight poverty in the third world.D．Helping fight ageing problems all over the world.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力。
大学英语四级改革适用(听力)-试卷280
大学英语四级改革适用（听力）-试卷280(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Listening Comprehension(总题数：12，分数：50.00)1.Part II Listening Comprehension__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.Section A__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分数：4.00）A.The effects of floods in the U.S.B.A heavy storm system struck the U.S.C.U.S. states were facing floods threats. √D.Tornadoes destroyed homes in the U.S.解析：解析：新闻开门见山提出主旨：美国16个州正面临洪水危机(under a flood warning)，紧接着介绍暴风雨引发的一系列美国洪灾。
因此新闻主旨就是“美国正面临洪灾危机”。
C正确。
A“美国洪灾的影响”只在新闻结尾提到，是部分内容，并非主旨。
B“一次严重暴风雨袭击美国”虽然有在新闻中提到，但这只是说明美国洪灾的起因，而不是主要内容。
D错在Tornadoes，新闻说的是洪灾(flood)，而非卷风。
A.It came in early December.B.It ended in Michigan.C.It destroyed buildings near Memphis.D.It caused dozens of deaths. √解析：解析：新闻中提到，数十人死于这场暴雨带来的恶劣条件中(dozens of people died)，故D正确。
2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题和答案(第2套)
2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题和答案（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students’ opinions on whether university sports facilities should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) It hit a bird shortly after takeoff.B) Its crew members went on strike.C) It narrowly escaped a plane crash when turning around.D) Its captain got slightly injured during the forced landing.2. A) Panic.B) Nervous.C) Relieved.D) Contented.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) He is now kept in a secure area.B) He has escaped the zoo once again.C) He has been caught a second time.D) He finally disappeared six days ago.4. A) Squeezed.B) Threatened.C) Disappointed.D) Frustrated.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It is condemned as a crazy idea.B) It is enriching the city’s night life.C) It is questioned by local residents.D) It is giving rise to safety concerns.6. A) Avoid entering one-way streets.B) Ensure the safety of pedestrians.C) Follow all the traffic rules drivers do.D) Give way to automobiles at all times.7. A) To ease the city’s busy traffic.B) To bring new life into the city.C) To add a new means of transport.D) To reduce the city’s air pollution.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Take it seriously.B) Discuss it regularly.C) Make it sound scary.D) Talk about it openly.9. A) By shopping around for the best deals.B) By making abstract sums relevant.C) By citing concrete examples.D) By visiting discount stores.10. A) Paying their kids to help with housework.B) Setting kids a good example by sharing chores.C) Giving kids pocket money according to their needs.D) Urging kids to deposit some of their gift money.11. A) The importance of cutting down family expenses.B) The need to learn important lessons from her elders.C) The delight in seeing their savings grow.D) The necessity of saving into a pension.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He is a successful businessman.B) He reviews books on political affairs.C) He has published a new bestseller.D) He has worked in several banks.13. A) The man’s ideas about education.B) The man’s academic background.C) The man’s attempts at drawing public attention.D) The man’s proposals to solve economic problems.14. A) To reduce students’ financial burden.B) To motivate all students to be successful.C) To give students incentive to excel in economics.D) To provide remedies for students’ poor performance.15. A) Improving school budgeting.B) Increasing tuition fees.C) Seeking donations.D) Raising taxes.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To show his sympathy towards people always being busy.B) To prevent people from complaining about being “busy”.C) To call on busy people to take care of themselves.D) To help busy people to sort out their priorities.17. A) Avoid saying we are busy.B) Reflect on their true purpose.C) Describe our schedule in detail.D) Respond as most busy people do.18. A) To show their achievements resulted from great efforts.B) To prove they stand out as accomplished professionals.C) To cover up their failure to achieve some purpose.D) To tell others a complete lie about their inability.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They will help one reduce fear.B) They should become so popular.C) They will be less challenging after a time.D) They should cover so many different types.20. A) To break one’s ultimate limits.B) To stop being extremely afraid.C) To avoid dangerous mistakes.D) To enjoy the sports to the full.21. A) By allowing our motivation to be at an all-time high.B) By stopping us hurting the same muscles repeatedly.C) By burning as many as 300 calories per hour.D) By enabling us to get an all-over workout.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is natural.B) It is instrumental.C) It is personal.D) It is vital.23. A) To guard against being perceived negatively.B) To prevent themselves from being isolated.C) To conceal personality preferences.D) To maintain workplace harmony.24. A) It helps to enhance team spirit.B) It stimulates innovative ideas.C) It helps to resolve problems.D) It facilitates policy-making.25. A) An innovative mind.B) Corporate culture.C) Mutual trust.D) A healthy mentality.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．A team of researchers led by Priyanka Joshi examined the degree to which men and women relied on “communicative abstraction” to verbally convey their ideas and emotions. Communicative abstraction, according to the researchers, reflects the tendency of people to use “abstract speech that focuses on the broader picture and____26____purpose of action rather than concrete speech focusing on details and the meansof____27____action.” Interestingly, they found that men were far more likely to speak in the abstract than were women.To arrive at this____28____, the researchers examined the linguistic (语言的) patterns of men and women in over 600,000 blog posts written on websites. To do this, the researchers computed abstractness ratings for____29____40,000 commonly used words in the English language. Words considered to be concrete could be easily visualized, such as “table”or “chair”. Words that were more____30____to visualize, for example, “justice” or “morality” were considered to be more abstract. They found that men used____31____more abstract language in their blog posts.What is the____32____of this effect? The researchers suggest that power differences between the genders— that is, men having more power in society—might be a key determinant(决定因素). For instance, in a follow-up study conducted with a sample of 300 students, the researchers____33____power dynamics in an interpersonal setting to see if this would influence communicative abstraction. They found that participants in a high-power interviewer role were more likely to give abstract descriptions of behaviors than were participants in a low-power interviewee role. This suggests that communicating more abstractly does not reflect a____34____tendency of men or women butrather____35____within specific contexts.A) approximatelyB) attainingC) conclusionD) difficultE) emergesF) fixedG) ignoredH) legallyI) manipulatedJ) recommendedK) refrainingL) signalsM) significantlyN) sourceO) ultimateSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to better work towards long-term goalsA) Hal Hershfield, a psychologist at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, wanted to know why people weren’t saving for retirement. Across the board, people are living longer. Logically, they’ll need more money to live comfortably in their post-work years. And yet, savings rates in the U.S. have gone down in recent decades, not up.B) To help explain this seemingly irrational behavior, Hershfield and his team scanned the brains of study participants while asking them to what degree various traits (特征)—like “honorable” or “funny”—applied to their current self, their future self, a current other, or a futureother. As participants answered, Hershfield’s team recorded which parts of their brains lit up. Unsurprisingly, people’s brains were most active when thinking about their current selves and least active when thinking about a current other. But the team found that participants’ brain activity while considering their future selves more closely resembled their brain activity while thinking about a current other rather than the current self.C) Put in practical terms, when thinking of yourself in a month or a year or a decade, your brain registers that person in ways similar to how it would register Taylor Swift or the mailman. Understood in that way, saving for retirement is the equivalent of giving money away to someone else entirely.D) In light of Hershfield’s study, one simple question arises: Is it possible to make our present selves give a damn about our future selves? The answers are anything but simple.E) Seen through the lens of the present self versus the future self, our self-defeating actions—like choosing to watch television rather than go to the gym—suddenly make perfect sense. We get to enjoy the very concrete, immediate benefits of our actions while someone else (namely, our future selves) suffers the hypothetical(假设的), far-off consequences. As a result, the decisions we make for our present selves often look very different from our decisions for our future selves. We believe that tomorrow will be different. We believe that we will be different tomorrow; but in doing so, we prioritize our current mood over the consequences of our inaction for the future self.F) Understanding our procrastination (拖延) through the lens of the present and future selves, we’re left with three possible solutions: The first is to force your future self to do whatever your present self doesn’t want to do. The second is to convince your present self that your future self is, in fact, still you. If the central problem is that we think of our future selves as other people, it follows that trying to identify more closely with our future selves will encourage us to make better long-term decisions.G) In a follow-up study, Hershfield wanted to explore ways to bridge the disconnect between the present and future selves and encourage people to save more for retirement. He and his team took photos of study participants, and then used image processing to visually age their faces. Participants were then placed in a virtual reality setting where they could look into a mirror and see their aged selves looking back at them. Participants who saw their aged selves said they would save 30% more of their salary for retirement than the control group.H) Whatever your long-term goals may be—getting in better shape, launching your own business, writing a book—thinking about your deadline in terms of days rather than months or years can help you wrap your mindaround how close the future really is.I) The third solution is to forget about your future self and use your present self’s love of instant gratification (满足感) to your advantage. While the two tactics (手段) above can be effective in making better long-term choices, in the end, you’re still struggling against human nature. Our brains are hard-wired for instant gratification. Instead of fighting your present self’s need for immediate rewards, why not use it to your advantage? When most of us set goals, we focus on long-term results we want to see—e.g., losing weight, getting a promotion, retiring in comfort, etc. While those visions of our future selves can be inspiring, when it comes to actually doing the day-to-day work, it may be more effective to reframe activities in terms of their immediate, or at least very near-term, rewards.J) Take writing this article, for instance. It’s easy for me to imagine how amazing it will feel at the end of the workday to have this article done. This isn’t just my opinion. Research partners Kaitlin Woolley of Cornell University and Ayelet Fishbach of the University of Chicago have made a career out of studying the differences between the goals that people achieve and the ones that fall to the wayside.K) “In one study, we asked people online about the goals they set at the beginning of the year. Most people set goals to achieve delayed, long-term benefits, such as career advancement, debt repayment, or improved health. We asked these individuals how enjoyable it was to pursue their goal, as well as how important their goal was. We also asked whether they were still working on their goals two months after setting them. We found that enjoyment predicted people’s goal persistence two months after setting the goal far more than how important they rated their goal to be,” Woolley said.L) This pattern held true across a wide variety of goals from exercising to studying to eating healthier foods. For example, people ate 50% more of a healthy food when directed to focus on the good taste rather than the long-term health benefits. Other studies have shown a greater uptake of exercise in people who were told to think of the enjoyment of doing the exercise now rather than future health gains.M) These findings suggest that when it comes to achieving your goals, enjoying the process itself is more important than wanting the long-term benefits. In other words, present self trumps (战胜) future self. Who says instant gratification has to be a bad thing? By all means, set ambitious long-term goals for your future self, but when it comes to actually following through day-to-day, make sure your present self knows what’s in it for her too.36. Our brains are genetically determined to satisfy immediate desires.37. Taken in a practical way, saving for post-work years is like givingmoney away to others.38. Research found that, as regards achievement of one’s goals, it is important to focus more on enjoying the process than the long-term benefits.39. Regarding our future selves as still being ourselves will help us make better long-term decisions.40. Savings rates in America have dropped in recent decades even though people’s life expectancy has increased.41. Researchers found that enjoyment rather than importance enabled people to persist in their goals.42. When making decisions, we give priority to our current frame of mind without thinking much of the consequences.43. People ate more of a healthy food when they focused on its good taste instead of its longterm benefits.44. As was expected, when people thought of their present selves, their brains were observed to become more active.45. Researchers found that participants who saw the images of their aged selves would save more for their later years than those who didn’t.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.People often wonder why some entrepreneurs have greater success than others. Is it habits, connections, luck, work ethic or any other behavior?I believe the key to success is willpower. Willpower is the ability to control yourself. It is a strong determination that allows you to do something difficult. It is a behavior we are born with more than one we learn; however, it is possible to not only learn it, but also strengthen it with constant exercise.Willpower is just like a muscle; to keep it strong you need to constantly exercise it. People with a great amount of willpower have the discipline to develop positive, successful habits. Even with an incredible amount of talent, without the discipline and motivation to create positive habits, it can be difficult to achieve success.Willpower and habits go hand in hand. It is critical to create good habits and take the actions necessary to stick to those habits day in and day out for greater success. Almost half of our daily actions are part of our habits and not decisions, so once the correct habits are in place,you will automatically perform those tasks on a day-today basis.The best way to create and stick to a habit is to have strong motivation. It’s easier to change your habits to lose weight if you have a health issue and you want to be around longer for your kids, or if your business is something you’re passionate about. Having a valuable outcome associated with a habit will help you stick to that habit permanently.The art of self-control is one that most successful individuals have mastered. Self-control enables you to avoid behaviors that don’t contribute to your success and adopt those that do.Because there is a delayed satisfaction associated with self-control, it can be easy to get off track. However, if you work on sticking to those small positive habits one day at a time, it becomes easier to stay strong and achieve that delayed reward. Once a reward is achieved, it is much easier to continue sticking to your habits.46. What does the author say we need to do to strengthen our willpower?A) Keep it under control.B) Apply it continuously.C) Learn from entrepreneurs.D) Aim at success determinedly.47. How are almost half of our daily actions performed according to the passage?A) Out of habit.B) With determination.C) Like muscle building.D) By self-discipline.48. What will help people stick to doing something constructive automatically?A) Practising it on a day-to-day basis.B) Associating it with improving health.C) Possessing a reasonable amount of talent.D) Foreseeing the desired outcome it will yield.49. How does the art of self-control help us succeed?A) By allowing us to remain clear-headed permanently.B) By enabling us to alter our behaviors constantly.C) By enabling us to take positive actions.D) By allowing us to avoid taking risks.50. Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?A) Most of us are not in the habit of exercising self-control.B) We may not get immediate rewards from self-control.C) Self-control tends to be associated with pains.D) Self-control only brings about small benefits.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Today, most scientific research is funded by government grants, companies doing research and development, and non-profit foundations. As a society, we reap the rewards from this science, but we also help pay for it. You indirectly support science through taxes you pay, products and services you purchase, and donations you make.Funding for science has changed with the times. Historically, science has been largely supported through private patronage (资助), church sponsorship, or simply paying for the research yourself. Today, researchers are likely to be funded by a mix of grants from various government agencies, institutions, and foundations. Other research is funded by private companies. Such corporate sponsorship is widespread in some fields. Almost 75% of U.S. clinical trials in medicine are paid for by private companies. And, of course, some researchers today still fund small-scale studies out of their own pockets. Most of us can’t afford to do nuclear research as a private hobby, but birdwatchers, rock collectors, and others can do real research on a limited budget.In a perfect world, money wouldn’t matter—all scientific studies would be completely objective. But in the real world, funding may introduce biases. Drug research sponsored by the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry is more likely to end up favoring the drug under consideration than studies sponsored by government grants or charitable organizations. Similarly, nutrition research sponsored by the food industry is more likely to end up favoring the food under consideration than independently funded research.So what should we make of all this? Should we ignore any research funded by companies or special interest groups? Certainly not. These groups provide invaluable funding for scientific research. Furthermore, science has many safeguards in place to catch instances of bias that affect research outcomes. Ultimately, misleading results will be corrected as science proceeds; however, this process takes time. Meanwhile, it pays to examine studies funded by industry or special interest groups with extra care. Are the results consistent with other independently funded studies? What do other scientists have to say about this research? A little examination can go a long way towards identifying bias associated with the funding source.51. What does the passage mainly discuss regarding scientific research?A) Its foundation.B) Its rewards.C) Its prospect.D) Its funding.52. What do we learn from the passage about researchers like birdwatchers and rock collectors?A) They have little access to government funding.B) They can do research with limited resources.C) They can do amateur work in their own fields.D) They have no means for large-scale research.53. What would scientific studies look like in a perfect world according to the author?A) They would be totally unbiased.B) They would be independently funded.C) They would be responsibly conducted.D) They would be strictly supervised.54. What does the author say about companies and special interest groups?A) They try hard to pull down the safeguards for research.B) They make extra efforts to research their own products.C) They provide valuable resources for scientific research.D) They reap the most benefits from scientific research.55. What does the author think of research funded by industry or special interest groups?A) Its recommendations should be examined for feasibility.B) Its misleading results should be corrected in time.C) Its validity should be checked with additional care.D) Its hidden biases should be identified independently.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.农历（the lunar calendar）起源于数千年前的中国，根据太阳和月亮的运行规律制定。