专八英美文学习题-浪漫主义时期
专业八级英美国文学作家作品
英美文学知识考点分析经过对英语专业八级考试大纲以及近三年真题人文知识部分全真题的认真研究，详细、逐题分析后，我们可以清楚看出对英美文学知识的考查一般占了其中的3小题（30%）。
通过分析，可以把对英美文学知识的考查重点归纳为以下几类：一、对知名的英美文学家及其作品的重点考查1．The novel Emma is written by________.（2005年真题第35题）A. Mary ShelleyB. Charlotte Bronte?C. Elizabeth C. GaskellD. Jane Austen该题是关于英国文学知识，考查的是英国著名小说家的作品,考查作家作品是专业八级人文知识文学部分的重要考试内容。
问题问小说Emma为何人所作？该书为浪漫主义时期女作家Jane Austen所作，因此答案是D。
2．Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte? （2007年真题第35题）A. Oliver TwistB. MiddlemarchC. Jane EyreD. Wuthering Heights该题考查的也是关于英国小说家的作品。
问题Emily Bronte写了哪部小说？Emily Bronte是英国维多利亚时期的女作家、诗人，小说Wuthering Heights是她的代表作品，因此答案为D。
3．Death of a Salesman was written by________.（2007年真题第37题）A. Arthur MillerB. Ernest HemingwayC. Ralph EllisonD. James Baldwin该题是关于美国小说家的作品。
Arthur Miller是美国著名的剧作家，他的作品有Man Who Had All the Luck，Death of A Salesman，All My sons等，因此答案为A。
英国浪漫主义时期文学试题含答案
I.Multiple Choice.1.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Romanticism in England?A.Spontaneity in expressing feelings.B.Emphasis on reason.C.Worship of nature.D.Simplicity in language.2.The writer of “The solitary Reaper” also wrote _________.A.“Holly Willie’s Prayer”B.“The Defense of Poetry”C.“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”D.“The Fall of Bastille”3._________ can be found among Percy Bysshe Shelley’s love lyrics.A.“One Word Is Too Often Profaned”B.“When We Two Parted”C.“A Red, Red Rose”D.“Song to Celia”4.Romanticism prevailed in England during the period _________.A.1789—1823B. 1798—1823C. 1789—1832D. 1798-18325.Lyrical Ballads (1798) was written by ________.A.James Thomson and William CollinsB.Thomas Gray and Robert BurnsC.Percy Bysshe Shelley and George Gordon ByronD.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge6.“The Lamb” is included in William Blake’s _________.A.Poetical SketchesB. Songs of InnocenceC. Songs of ExperienceD. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell7.Robert Burns’poem _______ has long become a universal parting song of all the English-speaking countries.A.“A Red, Red Rose”B. “Auld Lang Syne”C. “My Heart’s in the Highlands”D. “John Anderson, My Jo”8.George Gordon Byron was a staunch champion of the people’s cause. He raised his voice in defense of the oppressed workers in his well-known _________.A.Song for the LudditesB. The Prisoner of ChillonC. The Vision of JudgementD. The Revolt of Islam9. The following statements are about Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. Which statement is NOT true?A. George Gordon Byron used his own experiences as the material of the long poem.B. The first canto deals with the hero’s journey in Portugal and Spain.C. The second canto describes Albania and Greece.D. The fourth canto describes Greek.10. Which is Percy Bysshe Shelley’s masterpiece?A. IsabellaB. Prometheus UnboundC. Prometheus BoundD. Endymion11. Which is Percy Bysshe Shelley’s work of literary criticism?A. An Essay on CriticismB. A Defence of PoetryC. On the Necessity of AtheismD. Of Studies12.Which poet belongs to the Active Romantic group?A. John MiltonB. William WordsworthC. Charles LambD. John Keats13. Which work is not based on ancient Greek mythology?A. Prometheus BoundB. Prometheus UnboundC. EndymionD. Paradise Lost14. The literary form which is fully developed and the most flourishing during the Romantic Period is __________.A. proseB. dramaC. novelD. poetry15. English Romanticism, as a historical phase of literature, is generally said to have ended in 1832 with _______.A. the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament and the death of Walter ScottB. the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s Lyrical BalladsC. the publication of T.S. Eliot’s The Waste LandD. the passage of the Bill of Rights in the Parliament16. All of the following poets are regarded as “Lake Poets” EXCEPT ________.A. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. Robert SoutheyC. William WordsworthD. George Gordon Byron17. The Byronic Hero first appeared in _________.A. Oriental TalesB. The Rime of the Ancient MarinerC. Childe Harold’s PilgrimageD. Don Juan18. The two major novelists of the English Romantic period are _______.A. William Wordsworth and John KeatsB. William Blake and Oliver GoldsmithC. Jane Austen and Walter ScottD. John Keats and Jane Austen19. The poems such as “The Chimney Sweeper” are found in both Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience by _______.A. William WordsworthB. William BlakeC. John KeatsD. Lord Gordon Byron20. William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT _______.A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speechII.True or False?1.English Romantic Period is one of poetical revival.2.Percy Bysshe Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus Bound, borrows the basic story from a Greek myth.3.Romanticism was a literary trend prevailing in England during the period 1789 to 1832.4.From her novel we can deduce Jane Austen’s view of life is realistic.5.Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that the former is heavilyreligious but the latter secular.6.William Blake’s central concern in Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience is happiness, which gives the two books a strong social and historical reference.7.William Blake’s Songs of Experience paints a world of misery, poverty mixed with love and happiness with a melancholy tone.8.William Blake’s Songs of Experience paints a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone.9.Samuel Taylor Coleridge asserted that poetry originated from “emotion recollected in tranquility”.10.William Wordsworth asserted that poetry originated from “emotion recollected in tranquility”.11.English Romanticism rose and grew under the impetus of the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution.12.Emotion, common sense and intuition of humankind are what the romanticists emphasize in their works.13.Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage is written in the Spenserian stanza.14.The English Romantic period produced two major novelists: Charles Lamb and Jane Austen.15.Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey are known as the escapist romanticists.III.Match.(1)Column A Column B1.Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage A. Wordsworth and Coleridge2.Ode to the West Wind B. William Blake3.Kubla Khan C.Jane Austen4.“Auld Lang Syne” D. William Wordsworth5.“The Chimney Sweeper” E. Percy Bysshe Shelley6.“Ode to a Nightingale” F. John Keats7.Ivanhoe G. Robert Burns8.Pride and Prejudice H. Samuel Taylor Coleridge9.“To the Cuckoo”I. Walter Scott10.Lyrical Ballads J. George Gordon Byron(2)Column A Column B1.“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” A. George Gordon Byron2.The Rime of the Ancient Mariner B. John Keats3.Thalaba the Destroyer C. Thomas Gray4.Don Juan D. Jane Austen5.Prometheus Unbound E. Robert Southey6.“Ode on a Grecian Urn” F. William Wordsworth7.Tales from Shakespeare G. Charles Lamb8.Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard H. Percy Bysshe Shelley9.Sense and Sensibility I.Mary Shelley10.Frankenstein J. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeIV.Reading ComprehensionRead the following quotations and answer the questions.Passage 1O, my luve’s like a red, red rose,That’s newly sprung in June;O, my luve’s like the melodie,That’s sweetly play’d in tune.As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,So deep in luve am I;And I will luve thee still, my dear,Till a’ the seas gang dry.Questions:1.Who wrote this poem?2.What is the title of the poem?3.What is the rhyme scheme of the quoted lines?4.The odd-numbered lines are iambic tetrameter, what about the even-numbered lines?5.What do you know about the poem?Passage 2However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters.“My dear Mr. Bennet,” said his lady to him one day, “have you heard that Netherfiled Park is let at last?”Mr. Bennet replied that he had not.Questions:1.From which novel is this passage taken from?2.Who is the author of this novel? another two novels written by the author.4.What is “this truth”?5.What is this story about?V.Essay QuestionWhat do you know about William Wordsworth? You may talk about his literary status, his representative works and his poetic principles, etc.English Romanticism TestI. Multiple Choice.1B 2C 3A 4D 5D 6B 7B 8A 9D 10B11B 12D 13D 14D 15A 16D 17C 18C 19B 20DII. True or False1T 2F 3F 4T 5F 6F 7F 8T 9F 10T 11T 12F 13T 14F 15TIII.Match.(1)1J 2E 3H 4G 5B 6F 7I 8C 9D 10A(2)1F 2J 3E 4A 5H 6B 7G 8C 9D 10IIV.Reading ComprehensionPassage 11.Robert Burns2.A Red, Red Rose3.ABCBDEFE4.Iambic trimeter5.“A Red, Red Rose”is one of Robert Burns’most popular love lyrics. It’s composed of four quatrains with alternate lines of four and three feet. It is a good example of how Burns made use of old Scottish folk poetry to create immortal lines by revising the old folk material. Burns clearly states and restates the theme: The speaker loves the young lady beyond measure. Its charm mainly lies in its rhythmic simplicity and its vehement sentiment.Passage 21.Pride and Prejudice2.Jane Austen3.Sense and Sensibility, Mansfield Park, Emma, Northanger Abbey, Persuasion (写两个即可)4.It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.5.The story centers round the poor, beautiful and intelligent heroine Elizabeth Bennet who stands for “prejudice”, one of the daughters in Bennet’s family and the hero Fitzwilliam Darcy, a rich proud young man who stands for “pride” and a minor couple, her sister Jane and his friend Charles Bingley. At first, Mr. Darcy slights and offends Elizabeth with his pride. Later, he is fascinated by Elizabeth. However, due to the slander from Mr. Wickham, Elizabeth is full of prejudice against Mr. Darcy. After a succession of twists and turns, things are cleared up. Elizabeth finally changes her feeling toward Darcy from original prejudice to now admiration and marries herself to Darcy. Bingley and Jane get married too with the help of Darcy. The novel ends with the marriage of the happy couples.V. Essay QuestionWilliam Wordsworth, the representative poet of the first generation of Romantics and the chief spokesman of Romantic poetry, was one of the founders of English Romanticism. He is remembered as a poet concerned with the human relationship to nature and a fierce advocate of using the vocabulary and speech patterns of common people in poetry.In 1798, he and Samuel Taylor Coleridge published their joint work Lyrical Ballads, which marked the beginning of English Romanticism. William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey are known as the “Lake Poets”because they had lived for a time in close association in the mountainous Lake District in the northwest of England and William Wordsworth is the most talented member of “Lake Poets”. In 1843, he became “Poet Laureate” after Southey.In the Preface to Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth set forth his principles of poetry. “All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.” He appealed to individual sensation, i.e, pleasure, excitement and enjoyment, as the foundation in the creation and appreciation of poetry. “Poetry takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility…) tranquil contemplation of an emotional experience matures the feeling and sensation, and makes possible the creation of good poetry like the mellow of old wine.” The function of poetry lies in its power to give an unexpected splendor to familiar and commonplace things, to incidents and situations from common life. Nature inspires poetry. He skillfully combined natural description with expressions of inward states of mind. His poems are characterized by a sympathy with the poor, simple peasants, and a passionate love of nature. Wordsworth advocated the use of language of the common people, the simplicity of the poetic language. The language of the poet should not be abstract and should be “language really used by men”.。
专业英语八级英国文学(浪漫主义时期文学)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级英国文学（浪漫主义时期文学）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．As a great poet, William Blake’s fame has been mainly resting upon two volumes of poems, Songs of Innocence and______.A．The French RevolutionB．The Marriage of Heaven and HellC．MiltonD．Songs of Experience正确答案：D解析：四部作品The French Revolution(《法国革命》)、The Marriage of Heaven and Hell(《天堂与地狱的合婚》)、Milton(《弥尔顿》)和Songs of Experience (《经验之歌》)都是威廉.布雷克的作品。
但是能与Songs of Innocence(《天真之歌》)齐名的诗集是第四部。
知识模块：英国文学（浪漫主义时期文学）2．Robert Burns is a famous romantic______.A．poetB．essayistC．dramatistD．novelist正确答案：A解析：罗伯特.彭斯是一位著名的诗人。
知识模块：英国文学（浪漫主义时期文学）3．______is NOT written by Robert Burns.A．The Tree of LibertyB．An Evening WalkC．My Heart s in the HighlandD．A Red, Red Rose正确答案：B解析：An Evening Walk(《黄昏散步》)是William Wordsworth(威廉.华兹华斯)的诗作。
英美文学选读（英国）浪漫主义时期笔记
Chapter 3 The Romantic Period1. The Romantic Period: The Romantic period is the period generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s Lyrical Ballads and to have ended in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott’s death and the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament. It is emphasized the special qualities of each individual’s mind.2.Social background:a. during this period, England itself had experienced profound economic and social changes. The primarily agricultural society had been replaced by a modern industrialized one.b. With the British Industrial Revolution coming into its full swing, the capitalist class came to dominate not only the means of production, but also trade and world market.3.The Romantic Movement:it expressed a more or less negative attitude toward the existing social and political conditions that came with industrialization and the growing importance of the bourgeoise. The romantics demontrated a a strong reaction against the dominant modes of thinking of the 18th-century writers and philosophers. They saw man as an individual in the solitary state. Thus, the Romanticism actually constitutes a change of direction from the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of the human spirit.The Romantic period is an age of poetry. Blake, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats are the major Romantic poets. They started a rebellion against the neoclassical literature, which was later regarded as the poetic revolution. Wordsworth and Coleridge were the major representatives of this movement. Wordsworth defines the poet as a “man speaking to men”, and poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.” Imagination, defined by Coleridge, is the vital faculty that creates new wholes out of disparate elements. The Romantics not only extol the faculty of imamgination, but also elevate the concepts of spontaneity and inspiration, regarding them as something crucial for true poetry. The natural world comes to the forefront of the poetic imagination. Nature is not only the major source of the poetic imagery, but also provides the dominant subject mattre. It is in solitude, in communion with the natural universe, that man can exercise this most valuable of faculties.Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending the great poets and dramatists of their own national heritage against the advocates of classical rules.Poetry: to the Romantics, poetry should be free from all rules.they would turn to the humble people and the common everyday life for subjects.Prose: It’s also a great age of prose. With education greatly developed for the middle-class people, there was a rapid growth in the reading public and an increasing demand for reading materials.Romantics made literary comments on the writers with high standards, which paved the way for the development of a new and valuable type of critical writings. Colerige, Hazlitt, Lamb, and De Quincey were the leading figures in this new development.Novel: the 2 major novelists of the period are Jane Austen and Walter Scott.Gothic novel: a tyoe of romantic fiction that predominated in the late 18th century, was one of the Romantic movement. Its principal elements are violence, horror, and the supernatural, which strongly appeal to the reader’s emotion. With is description of the dark, irritional side of human nature, the Gothic form exerted a great influence over the writers of the Romantic period.3. Ballads: the most important form of popular literature; flourished during the 15th century; Most written down in 18th century; mostly written in quatrains; Most important is the Robin Hood ballads.4. Romanticism: it is romanticism is a literary trend. It prevailed in England during the period of 1798-1832. Romanticists were discontent with and opposed to the development of capitalism. They split into two groups.Some Romantic writers reflected the thinking of those classes which had been ruined by the bourgeoisie called Passive Romantic poets represented by Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey.Others expressed the aspiration of the labouring classes called Active or Revolutionary Romantic poets represented by Byron and Shelley and Keats.5. Lake Poets:Wordsworth, Coleridge and Robert Southey have often been mentioned as the “Lake Poets” because they lived in the Lake District in the northwestern part of England6. Byronic Hero a proud, mysterious rebelling figure of noble origin rights all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and is against any kind of tyrannical rules; It appeared first in Childe H arold’s Pilgrimage and then further developed in later works as the Oriental Tales, Manfred and Don Juan; the figure is somewhat modeled on the life and personality of Byron himself, and makes Byron famous both at home and abroad.7. Main Writers:A. William Blake(1757-1827):1. Literarily, Blake was the first important Romantic poet, showing a comtempt for the rule of reason, opposing the calssical tradition of the 18th century,and treasuring the individual’s imagination.2. His first printed work, Poetic Skelches, is a collection of youthful verse. Joy, laughter, love and harmony are the prevailing notes.3. The Songs of Innocence is a lovely volume of of poems, presenting a happy and innocent world, though not without its evils and sufferings. The wretched child described in “The Chimney Sweeper,”orphaned, exploited, yet touched by visionary rapture, evokes unbearable poignancy when he finally puts his trust in the order of the universe as he knows it. Blake experimented in meter and rhyme and introduced bold metrical innovations which could not be found in the poetry of his contemporaries.4. The Songs of Experience paints a different world, a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a malancholy tone. The little chinmney sweeper sings “notes of woe”while his parents go to the church and praise “God & his Priest & King”—the very intrument of their repression. A number of poems in the Songs of Experience also find a counterpart in the Songs of Experience. The 2 books hold the similar subject-matter, but the tone, emphasis and conclusion differ.5. Childhood is central to Blake’s concern in the Songs of Innocence and the Songs of Experience, and this concern gives the 2 books a strong social and historical reference. The two “Chimney Sweeper”poems are good examples to reveal the relation between an economic ciecumstance, i.e. the exploitation of child labor, and an ideological circumstance, i.e. the role played by religion in making people compliant to exploitation. The poem from the Songs of Innocence indicates the conditions which make religion a consolation, a prospect “illusionary happiness;”the poem from the Songs of Experience reveals the nature of religion which helps bring misery to the poor children.6. Blake’s Marriage of Heaven and Hell marks his entry into maturity. The poem plays the double role both as a satire and a revolutionary prophecy. Blake explores the relationship of the contrries. Attraction and repulsion, reason and energy, love and hate, are necessary to human existence. The “Marriage”means the reconciliation of the contraries, not the subordination of the one to the other.Main works: Poetical SketchesSongs of Innocence is a lovely volume of poemsHoly Thursday reminds us terribly of a world of loss and institutional cruelty.Songs of Experience paints a different world, a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone.Marriage of Heaven and HellThe book of UrizenThe Book of LosThe Four ZoasMilton7. Language Character: he writes his poems in plain and direct language. His poems often carry the lyric beauty with immense compression of meaning. He distrusts the abstractness and tends to embody his views with visual images. Symbolism in wide range is also a distinctive feature of his poetry.B. William Wordsworth(1770-1850) In 1842 he received a government pension, and in the following year he succeeded Southey as Poet Laureate.Lyrical Ballads:But the Lyrical Ballads differs in marked ways from his early poetry, notably the uncompromising simplicity of much of the language, the strong sympathy not merely with the poor in general but with particular, dramatized examples of them, and the fusion of natural description with expressions of inward states of mind.Short poems:According to the subjects, Wordsworth’s short poems can be calssified into two groups: poems about nature and poems about human life.Wordsworth is regarde as a “worshipper of nature.”He can penetrate to the heart of things and give the reader the very life of nature. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”is perhaps the most anthologized poem in english literature, and one that takes us to the core of Wordsworth’s poetic beliefs. It’s nature that gives him “strength and knowledge full of peace.”Wordswoth thinks that common life is the only subject of literary interest. The joys and sorrows of the common people are his themes. “The Solitary Reaper” and “To a Highland Girl” use rural figures to suggest the timeless mystery of sorrowful humanity and its radiant beauty. In its daring use of subject matter and sense of the authenticity of the experience of the poorest, “Resolution and Independence ”is the triumphant conclusion of ideas first developed in the Lyrical Ballads.Wordsworth is a poet in memory of the past. To him, life is a cyclical journey. Its beginning finally turns out to be its end. His philosophy of life is presented in his masterpiece The Prelude.Wordsworth deliberate simplicity and refusal to decorate the truth of experience produced a kind of pure and profoud poetry which no othr poet has ever equaled. He maintained that the scenes and events of everyday life and the speech of ordinary people were the raw material of which poetry could and should be made.Main Works:Descriptive Sketches, and Evening WalkLyrical Ballads.The PreludePoems in Two VolumesOde: Intimations of ImmortalityResolution and Independence.The ExcursionPoets: The Sparrow’s Nest, To a Skylark, To the Cuckoo, To a Butterfly, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud( is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature.), An Evening Walk, My Heart Leaps up, Tintern AbbeyThe ThornThe sailor’s motherMichael,The Affliction of MargaretThe Old Cumberland BeggarLucy PoemsThe Idiot BoyMan, the heart of man, and human life.The Solitary ReaperTo a Highland GirlThe Ruined CottageThe PreludeLanguage character: he can penetrate to the heart of things and give the reader the very life of nature. And he thinks that common life is the only subject of literary interest. The joys and sorrows of the common people are his themes. His sympathy always goes to the suffering poor.He is the leading figure of the English romantic poetry, the focal poetic voice of the period. His is a voice of searchingly comprehensive humanity and one that inspires his audience to see the world freshly, sympathetically and naturally. The most important contribution he has made is that he has not only started the modern poetry, the poetry of the growing inner self, but also changed the course of English poetry by using ordinary speech of the language and by advocating a return to natureC. Percy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822)he grew up with violent revolutionary ideas, so he held a lifelong aversion to crulty, injusticce, authority, institutional religion and the formal shams of respectable society, condemming war, tyranny and exploitation. He realized that the evil was also in man’s mind. Even after a revolution, that is after the restoration of human morality and creativity, the evil deep in man’s heart might again be loosed. So he predicated that only through gradual and suitable reforms of the existing institutions couls benevolence be universally established and none of the evils would survive in this “genuin society,”where people could live together happily, freely and peacefully.Shelley expressed his love of freedom and his hatredtoward tyranny in several of his lyrics. One of the greatest political lyrics is “Men of England.” It is not only a war cry calling upon all working people to risse up against their political oppressors, but an address to them pointing out the intolerable injustice of economic exploitation. The poem was later to become a rallying song of the British Comuunist Party.Best of all the well-known lyric pieces is Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind”here Shelley’s rhapsodic and declamatory tendencies find a subject perfectly suited to them. The autumn wind, burying the dead year, preparing for a new spring, becoms an image of Shelley himself, as he would want to be, in its freedom, its destructive-constructive potential, its universality. The whole poem had a logic of feeling,a not easily analyzable progression that leads to the triumphant, hopeful and convincing conclusion: if winter comes, can spring be far behind?Shelley’s greatest achievement is his four-act poetic drama, Prometheus Unbound. The play is an exultant work in praise of humankind’s potential, and Shelley himself recognized it as “the most perfect of my products.”Main works:The Necessity of Atheism, Queen Mab: a Philosophical Poem, Alastor, or The Spirit of SolitudePoem: Hymn to Intellectual Beauty, Mont BlancJulian and Maddalo, The Revolt of Islam, the Cenci, Prometheus Unbound, Adonais, Hellas,Prose: Defence of PoetryLyrics:genuine society,“Ode to Liberty”,“Old to Naples”“Sonnet: England in 1819”, The Cloud, To a Shylark, Ode to the West WindPolitical lyrics: Men of EnglandElegy: Adonais is a elegy for John Keats’s early deathTerza rimaPersonal Characters: he grew up with violent revolutionary ideas under the influence of the free thinkers like Hume and Godwin, so he held a life long aversion to cruelty, injustice, authority, institutional religion andthe formal shams of respectable society, condemning war, tyranny and exploitation. He expressed his lo ve for freedom and his hatred toward tyranny in several of his lyrics such as “Ode to Liberty”,“Old to Naples”“Sonnet: England in 1819”Shelley is one of the leading Romantic poets, and intense and original lyrical poet in the English language. Like Blake, he has a reputation as a difficult poet: erudite, imagistically complex, full of classical and mythological allusions. His style abounds in personification and metaphor and other figures of speech which describe vividly what we see and feel. Or express what passionately moves us.D: Jane Austen(1755-1817): born in a country clergyman’s family:Main Works:Novel: Sense and SensibilityPride and Prejudice(the most popular)Northanger AbbeyMansfield ParkEmmaPersuasionThe WatsonsFragment of a NovelPlan of a NovelPersonal Characters: she holds the ideals of the landlord class in politics, religion and moral principles; and her works show clearly her firm belief in the predominance of reason over passion, the sense of responsibility, good manners and clear—sighted judgment over the Romantic tendencies of emotion and individuality.Her Works’ Characters: his works’s concern is about human beings in their personal relationships. Because of this, her novels have a universal significance. It is her c onviction that a man’s relationship to his wife and children is at least as important a part of his life as his concerns about his belief and career. Her thought is that if one wants to know about a man’s talents, one should see him at work, but if one wan ts to know about his nature and temper, one should see him at home. Austen shows a human being not at moments of crisis, but in the most trivial incidents of everyday life. She write within a very narrow sphere. The subject matter, the character range, the social setting, and plots are all restricted to the provincial life of the late 18th century England. Concerning three or four landed gentry families with their daily routine life.Her novels’ structure is exquisitely deft, the characterization in the hig hest degree memorable, while the irony has a radiant shrewdness unmatched elsewhere. Her works’ at one delightful and profound, are among the supreme achievements of English literature. With trenchant observation and in meticulous details, she presents the quiet, day-to-day country life of the upper-middle-class English.G: Questions and answers:1. what are the characteristics of the Romantic literature? Please discuss the above question in relation to one or two examples.a. in poetry writing, the romanticists employed new theories and innovated new techniques, for example, the preface to the second edition of the Lyrical Ballads acts as a manifesto for the new school.b. the romanticists not only extol the faculty of imagination, but also elevate the concepts of spontaneity and inspiration.c. they regarded nature as the major source of poetic imagery and the dominant subject.d. romantics also tend to be nationalistic.2.Make a contrast between the two generations of Romantic poets during the Romantic AgeThe poetic ideals announced by Wordsworth and Coleridge provided a major inspiration for the brilliant young writers who made up the second generation of English Romantic poets. Wordsworth and Coleridge both became more conservative politically after the democratic idealism. The second generation of Romantic poets are revolutionary in thinking. They set themselves against the bourgeois society and the ruling class.3.what are Austen’s writing features?Jane Austen is one of the realistic novelists. Aust en’s work has a very narrow literary field. Her novels showa wealth of humor, wit and delicate satire.4. what is the historical and cultural background of English Romanticism?a. Historically, it was provoked by the French Revolution and the English Industrial Revolution.b. Culturally, the publication of French philosopher Rousseau’s two books provided necessary guiding principles for the French Revolution which aroused great sympathy and enthusiasm in England;c. England experienced profound economic and social changes: the enclosure movement and the agricultural mechanization; the capitalist class grasped the political power and came to dominate the English society.H. topic discussion:1. Discuss the artistic features of Shelley’s poems.A. Percy Bysshe Shelly is an intense and original lyrical poet in the English language.B. His poems are full of classical and mythological allusions.C. His style abounds in personification and metaphor and other figures of speechD. He describes vividly what we see and feel, or expresses what passionately moves us.2. What does Wordsworth mean when he said “All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings recollected in tranquility”?This sentence is considered as the principle of Wordsworth’s poetry c reation which was set forth in the preface to the Lyrical Ballads. Wordsworth appealed directly on individual sensations, as the foundation in the creation and appreciation of poetry.3. How do you describe the writing style of Jane Austen? What is the significance of her works?Jane Austen is a writer of the 18th century through she lived mainly in the 19th century. She holds the ideals of the landlord class in politics, religion, and moral principles. Austen’s main literary concern is about human beings in their personal relationships. Austen defined her stories within a very narrow sphere.。
浪漫主义时期测试题参考答案.doc
imagination n Lyrical BalladsWilliam Wordsworth Prometheus Unbound lyricsPercy Bysshe Shelleyottava rima reas on Samuel Taylor Coleridge Robert Southey Prometheus Bound Bepp o 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Key to Test of Romantic Age I. Fill in the blanks. (30‘)1. William Wordsworth Samuel Taylor Coleridge Lyrical Ballads Walter Scott9. George Gordon Byron Spenserian10. John Keats11. personification12. Odes13. Walter Scott14. William Hazlitt15. Charles Lamb16. Jane Austen Walter Scott17. The French Revolution The English Industrial Revolution18. Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard19. Robert BurnsII. Identify the author with his or her work. (6‘)FEBCADIII. Choose the best answer. (15')26-30. D D A C A31-35. C C A A B36-40. A B D B AIV. Define the literary terms. (4‘)41. Refer to Page 642 on your text book.42. Refer to Page 645 on your text book.V. Give brief answers to the questions. (10‘)43. A. George Gordon Byron.B. Don Juan is his masterpiece.In his works appeared the "Byronic heroes", who are men with fiery passions and unbending will and express the poet's own ideal of freedom. These heroes rise against tyranny and injustice, but they are merely lone fighters striving for personal freedom and some individualistic ends.44. A. William Wordsworth.B. These words are taken from the Preface to the Lyrical Ballads. It serves as the manifesto of the English Romantic Movement in poetry.VI.Read the quotations carefully and then answer the questions. (35')45. A. lambic pentameter with the rhyming scheme of abab.B.The third foot contains two accented syllables.C.Two accented syllables slow down the pace in keeping with the literary meaning of the phrase "wind slowly".46. A. Robert BumsB. A Red, Red RoseC.loveD. aE.trimestersF.abcbG.This poem is one of Robert Bums9 popular love lyrics and is also a good example of how the poet made use of old Scottish folk poetry and created immortal lines by revising the old folk material. The extreme simplicity of the language and the charming rhythmic beat of the verse express better than anything else the poet's true sentiments toward his beloved.47. A. It's taken from “Ode to the West Wind". The poet is Percy Bysshe Shelley.B.The rhyme scheme is terza rima: aba, bcb, cdc, ded, ee.C.The symbolic meaning of the wind is subject to various interpretations:(1)It symbolizes regeneration which follows the destruction and death of winter.(2)Personally, Shelley sees it as a force that will reinvigorate him, the wind of spirit and inspiration at a time when he feels his own powers as a poet are on the decline.(3)Socially and politically, the wind represents the destructive and revolutionary energies that had been seen in Europe over the previous 30 years, overthrowing long-established and corrupt social order in France and Italy.(4)Spiritually, it is an abstract expression or manifestation of the spirit with nature, a driving force behind the turning wheel of the seasons and the cycles of life and death.D.It expresses Shelley's optimistic belief that the old world must go, a new world must come with the spring, laden with fresh sweet promises for suffering humanity. It anticipates the triumph of the new over the old.48. A. Pride and Prejudice; Jane AustenB.Mr. Bennet is a man of intricate character and quit wit. His teasing tone and sarcastic humor are just beyond his wife's understanding.Mrs. Bennet, an empty-headed woman, is simple and naive, eager to talk with any slight encouragement.C.This is the first sentence of Pride and Prejudice and stands as one of the most famous first lines in literature. It is significant in the following aspects:(1)It briskly introduces the arrival of Mr. Bingley at Netherfield, the event that sets the novel in motion.(2)It offers a miniature sketch of the entire plot, which concerns itself with the pursuit of "single men in possession of a good fortune,, by various female characters.(3)It sets the tone for the entire novel, in that the whole work is a masterpiece of irony both structurally and verbally. The sentence begins as though the novel were going to be a greatphilosophical discourse, but the truth it is expected to explore is no more than a consideration of a common social situation. Thus there is an ironic difference between the formal manner of the statement and the ultimate meaning of the sentence.Expanded Exercises1.Pride and Prejudice is generally considered one of Jane Austen's most successful and popular works. The plot is very thin, but around it Austen has woven vivid pictures of everyday life of simple country society. The style is lucid and graceful, with touches of humor and mild satire. The conversations are interesting and amusing, and immediately bring the characters to life.2.Open.。
专八英美文学习题-浪漫主义时期.docx
I • Multiple Choices:1 • Romanticism fights against the ideas of______ .A. realismB. RenaissanceC. EnlightenmentD. feudalism2.The main literary stream is ____ •A. poetry B・ novels C. prose D. periodicals3.___ has a another name called “The Daffodils”.A. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner^^B. “Tintern Abbey"C. “Revolutiorf'D. “I Wandered Lonely as a CloucT4.Coleridge5s ____ is a "conversation^ poem.A. Frost at MidnightB. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner^C. ChristabelD. Biographia Literaria5.Byron，s ___ i s regarded as the great poem of the Romantic Age.A. Childe Harold's PilgrimageB. Hours of IdlenessC. LaraD. Don Juan6.Prometheus Unbound is ___ masterpiece.A. Wordsworth?sB. Byron'sC. Shelley'sD. Keats'7.___ lived the longest life.A. WordsworthB. ByronC. ShelleyD. Keats8・ Keats5 first poem is ___ •A. O SolitudeB. On First Looking into Chapman's HomerC. PoemsD. Endymion9.Keats5 best ode is ___ .A. "On a Grecian Um"B. 4To Autumn"C. “To Psyche"D・“To a Nightingale"10.The best works of William Hazlitt is ___ ・A. The Spirit of the AgeB. Table TalkC. The Characters of Shakespeare "s PlaysD. On the English Poets11.The publication of _______ marks the beginning of the Romantic Movement inEngland.A. 4<Tintern Abbey^^B. Lyrical BalladsC. Frost at NightD. “The Daffodils^^12.The Prelude has also been called ____ .A. The Last BrazilB. The First ImpressionC. Growth of a Poet's MindD. The Spirit of the Age13.Wordsworth^ "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” has also been called______ •A. “The Solitary Reaper,^B. “The Daffodils^^C. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner?,D. “O Solitude^^14.___ is considered Wordsworth's masterpiece.A. The PreludeB. EndymionC・Don Juan D. Biographia Literaria15.The prose writers in the English Romantic Age developed a kind of ______ .A. models of classicism B・ familiar essayC. rules of neo-romanticismD. ways of modernism16.The best essayist in the English Romantic Age is ___ •A・ Keats B. Walter Scott C. Charles Lamb D. William HazlittThe themes of Pride and Prejudice are ____ .A. pride and prejudiceB. the writer^ own personalitiesC. love and marriageD. Both A and C____ is considered the father of historical novelist in the English Romantic Age.A. Jane AustenB. Charles LambC. William HazlittD. Waler ScottLamb's writings are full of ______ for he is especially fond of old writers.A. romanticismB. conversationsC. inspirationsD. archaisms Lamb is a romanticist of ______________ •A. the city B・ the countryside C. nature D. imagination is based on Boccaccio's Decameron.A. EndymionB. Isabella D. Hyperion D. LamiaCritics agree that ____ is a great romantic poet, standing with Shakespeare, Milton and Wordsworth in the history English literature.A. KeatsB. WordsworthC. ColeridgeD. WilliamThe reader can get a broad panorama of the social life of the English Romantic Age from ____ •A. Dun JuanB. The PreludeC. Kubla KhanD. IsabellaSome critics think that some of Byron\ poems show his _____ •A. individual heroism and pessimism B・ love of nature and optimismC. love of old writersD. hatred for the imperialismOne of Coleridge's best "conventional" poems is ____ .A. Kubla KhanB. Frost at NightC. ChristabelD. Biographia LiterariaColeridge's best literary criticism is _________ ・A. Kubla KhanB. Frost at NightC. ChristabelD. Biographia Literaria___ is Shelley^s masterpiece.A. ZastrozziB. The Necessity of AtheismC. Queen MabD. Prometheus Unbound____ i s a joint book by Charles Lamb and his sister.A. John WoodvilB. Essays of EliaC. Mr HD. Tales from ShakespeareBecause of ______ , Shelley was expelled from the Oxford University.A. The Masque of AnarchyB. A Defence of PoetryC. The Necessity of AtheismD. The Triumph of Life_____ i s Shelley^s first book written in ___B. The Necessity of Atheism; ItalyA. 1789...1821 B. 1778...1823 C. 1798...1832 D. 1768 (1819)Byron, Shelley and Keats belong to Romantic poets of __ generation.A. the firstB. the secondC. the thirdD. the forthThe Examiner is a famous ____ in the English Romantic Age.A ・ novel B. poem C. periodical D. newspaperII Literary Terms:1 • Romanticism2. Ode3. Pastoral4. Satire5. ImageKey to the multiple choices: 1-5 CADAD 6-10 CACDA16-20 CDDDA 21-25 BAAAB31-33 CBC 11-15 BCBAB 26-30 BDDCAKey to the literary terms:1. A movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music, and art in Western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. The romanticist portrays people, scenes and events as they impress him or as he imagines them to be. A Romantic work has one or more of the following characteristics: an emphasis on feeling and imagination; a love of nature; a belief in individual and common man; and interest in the past ，the unusual ，the unfamiliar, the bizarre or picturesque^ a revolt against authority or tradition. It expresses the ideology and sentiment of the classes and strata that were dissatisfied with the development of capitalism. There have been many varieties of romanticism in many different times and places. Some ideas of English Romanticism were expressed by the poets William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and some were showed by Shelley ，Byron and Keats.A. Zastrozzi\ Eton C ・ Queen Mab; GreeceThe Romantic Age began in ___ D. Prometheus Unbound^ Italy and came to an end in ____ ・2. A long, stately lyric poem in stanzas of varied metrical pattern, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion，to honor a person or a season or commemorate an event. Two famous odes are Percy Bysshe Shelley^s “ Ode to the West wind” and John Keats's Ode on a Grecian Urn•”3.From Latin pastor, a shepherd. The first pastoral poet was Theocritus, a Greek of the 3rd century B.C. The pastoral was especially popular in Europe from the 14th through the 18th centuries, with some fine examples still written in England in the 19th century. The pastoral mode is self-reflexive. Typically the poet echoes the conventions of earlier pastorals in order to put "the complex into the simple畀as William Empson observed in Some Versions of Pastoral (1935). The poem is not really about shepherds，but about the complex society the poet and readers inhabit.4.A kind of writing holds up to ridicule or contempt the weaknesses and wrongdoings of individuals^ groups, institutions, or humanity in general. The aim of satirists is to set a moral standard for society, and they attempt to persuade the reader to see their point of view through the force of laughter. The most famous satirical work in English literature is Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels.5.A concrete picture, either literally descriptive, as in "Red roses covered the white wall/1 or figurative, as in "She is a rose畀each carrying a sensual and emotive connotation. A figurative image may be an analogy, metaphor, simile, personification^ or the like. Impressionism, a literary style conveying subjective impressions rather than objective reality, taking its name from the movement in French painting in the mid-19th century, notably in the works of Manet, Monet, and Renoir The Imagists represented impressionism in poetry; in fiction, writers like Virginia Woolf and James Joyce.。
英美文学选读-美国-浪漫主义时期-练习题汇总(选择大题)
I．Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.Chapter23.The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the ___ inthe American literary histrory.A.individual feelingsB.idea of survival of the fittestC.strong imaginationD.return to nature (024)24. Henry David Thoreau's work,__,has always been regarded as a masterpiece ofNew England Transcendentalism.5A.WaldenB.The pioneersC.NatureD.Song of Myself(024)23.The hightide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around .[A]1820 [B]1850 [C]1880 [D]1920(034)25.Which group of writers are among those who may be called early pioneers of American literature?[A]Mark Twain and Henry James.[B]Fenimore Cooper and Washington lrving.[C]Ernest Hemingway and William Faulkner[D]Jack London and O‘Henry. (034)31.The Romantic Writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the （）in the American literary history.A. individual feelingB. survival of the fittest(054)C. strong imaginationD. return to nature24.The Romantic Period, one of the most important periods in the history of American literature, stretches from the end of __________ to the outbreak of ___________.（）A. the 17th century…the American War of IndependenceB. the 18th century…the American Civil WarC. the 17th century…the American Civil WarD. the 18th century…the U.S.-Mexican War(057)29.The them e of Washington Irving‘s Rip Van Winkle is（）.A. the conflict of human psycheB. the fight against racial discrimination(057)C. the familial conflictD. the nostalgia for the unrecoverable past25．The Romantic Period, one of the most important periods in the history of American literature, stretches from the end of ______________ to the outbreak of ____________.A．the 17th century…the American War of IndependenceB．the 18th century…the American Civil WarC．the 17th century…the American Civil Wa rD．the 18th century…the U.S. – Mexican War（074）26．Which of the following statements is NOT true of American Transcendentalism?4 A．It can be clearly defined as a part of American Romantic literary movement. B．It can be defined philosophically as ―the re cognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively‖.C．Ralph Waldo Emerson was the chief advocate of this spiritual movement.D．It sprang from South America in the late 19th century. （074）39.A preoccupation with the ______ view of original sin and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne，Melville and a host of lesser writers.A. optimisticB. CalvinisticC. PlatonicD. Socratic(087)40. The American ______ as a cultural heritage exerted great influences over American moral values in the American Romantic period.A. Puritanism B．AtheismC. DeismD. Cynicism(087)39. In the American Romantic writings,______ came to function almost as a dramaticcharacter that symbolized moral law.3A. fireB. waterC. treesD. wilderness(094)40. The desire for an escape from society and a return to ______ became a permanentconvention of the American literature.2A. the family lifeB. natureC. the ancient timeD. fantasy of love(094)24. The fiction of the American _____ period ranges from the comic fables of Washington Irving to the social realism of Rebecca Harding Davis.A. RomanticB. RevolutionaryC. ColonialD. Modernistic（097）32.A preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of _____ and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne, Melville and a host of lesser writers.1A. love and mercyB. bitterness and hatredC. original sinD. eternal life（097）1 Hawthorne28.Hester Pryme, Dimmsdale,Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely the names ofthe characters in ___.A.The Scarlet LetterB.The House of the Seven GablestC.The Portrait of a LadyD.The pioneers(024)27.Hawthorne generally concerns himself with such issues as in his fiction.[A]the evil in man‘s heart[B]the material pursuit[C]the racial conflict [D]the social inequality(034)29. Which of the following works best illustrates the Calvinistic view of original sin? (044)A. Stowe‘s Uncle Ton’s CabinB. James‘s The Portrait of a Lady.C. Hemingway‘s A Farewell to ArmsD. Hawthorne‘s The Scarlet Letter.39.After his experiences in the forest, Young Goodman Brown returns to Salem ______.A. desperate and gloomyB. renewed in his faithC. wearing a black veilD. unaware of his own sin(044)24.The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne is known for his―black vision.‖The term―black vision‖refers to（）.A. Hawthorne‘s observation that every man faces a black wallB. Hawthorne‘s belief that all men are by nature evilC. that Hawthorne employed a dream vision to tell his storyD. that Puritans of Hawthorne‘s time usually wore black clothes(054)36.Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely characters in （）.A. The House of the Seven GablesB. The Scarlet Letter(054)C. The Portrait of a LadyD. The Pioneers23.In Young Goodman Brown by Hawthorne, the name of Goodman Brown‘s wife is （）, which also contains many symbolic meanings.A. RuthB. HesterC. FaithD. Mary(057)36.Nathaniel Hawthorne held an unceasing interest in the―interior of the heart‖ of man‘s being. So in almost every book he wrote, Hawtho rne discussed（）A. love and hatredB. sin and evilC. frustration and self-denialD. balance and self-discipline(057) 29．Nathaniel Hawthorne held an unceasing interest in the ―interior of the heart ‖of man‘s being. So in almost every book he wr ote, Hawthorne discusses______________.A．love and hatred B．sin and evilC．frustration and self—denial D．balance and self—discipline（074）30．In Young Goodman Brown by Hawthorne, the name of Goodman Brown‘s wife is ______________, which also contains many symbolic meanings.A．Ruth B．HesterC．Faith D．Mary（074）28．Hawthorne intended to ______ in The Scarlet Letter.A．tell a story of parental loveB．tell a story of sin and bloody violenceC．call the readers back to the plantation way of livingD．reveal the human psyche after they sinned（084）30．In many of Hawthorne‘s stories and novels, the Puritan concept of life is condemned, or the Puritan past is shown in an almost totally negative light, especially in his ______ and The Scarlet Letter.5A．Twice-Told Tales B．The Blithedale RomanceC．The Marble Faun D．The House of the Seven Gables（084）27. According to ______, ―There is evil in every human heart，which may remain latent，perhaps，through the whole life；but circumstances may rouse it to activity.‖4A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Edgar Ellen PoeC. William Faulkner D．Theodore Dreiser(087)34. Hawthorne‘s view of man and human history originated，to a great extent，from ______.A. TranscendentalismB. PuritanismC. HumanismD. Expressionism(087)38.Almost every book written by Hawthorne discusses _____，which reflects his unceasing interest in the ―interior of the heart‖ of man‘s being.A. sin and evilB. 1ove and hatredC. frustration and self - denialD. balance and self - discipline(087)34. The Birthmark drives home symbolically ______ point that evil is a man'sbirthmark, something he was born with.A. Whitman'sB. Melville'sC. Hawthorne'sD. Emerson's(094)40. Hawthorne was not a Puritan himself, but his view of man and human history originated, to a great extent, in_______.A. CalvinismB. PuritanismC. RealismD. Naturalism（097）23. With the scarlet letter A as the biggest symbol of all, ______ proves himself to be one of the best symbolists.A. HawthorneB. DreiserC. JamesD. Faulkner(104)40. In 1837, ______ published Twice - Told Tales, a collection of short stories which attracted critical attention.3A. EmersonB. MelvilleC. WhitmanD. Hawthorne(104)39. ―The Birthmark‖ drives home symbolically Hawthorne‘s point that ______ isman‘s birthmark, something he is born with.2A. purityB. generosityC. evilD. love（107）40. The Blithedale Romance is a novel ______ wrote to reveal his own experiences onthe Brook Farm and his own methods as a psychological novelist.1A. Herman MelvilleB. Nathaniel HawthorneC. Washington IrvingD. Walt Whitman（107）2 Whitman26.Walt whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first ofall lies in his use of __,poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A.blank verseB.heroic coupletC.free verseD.iambic pentameter(024)31.Whitman‘s poems are characterized by all the following features except.[A]a strict poetic form[B]a simple and conversational language[C]a free and natural rhythmic pattern[D]an easy flow of feelings(034)26.Whitman‘s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ______ . (044) 5A. the strict poetic formB. the free and natural rhythmC. the easy flow of feelingsD. the simple and conversational language23．Walt Whitman, whose ______________ established him as the most popular American poet of the 19th century.A．Leaves of Grass B．Go Down, MosesC．The Marble Faun D．As I Lay Dying（074）31．Which of the following statements might be true of the theme of ―Song of Myself‖ by Whitman?4A．This poem describes the growth of a child who learned about the world around him and improved himself accordingly.B．This poem shows the author‘s cynical sentiments against the American Civil War. C．This poem reflects the author‘s belief in Unitarianism or Deism.D．This poem reflects the au thor‘s belief in the singularity and equality of all beings in value. （074）37．As ______ saw it, poetry could play a vital part in the process of creating a new nation. It could enable Americans to celebrate their release from the Old World and the colonial rule.A．Wordsworth Longfellow B．William BryantC．Walt Whitman D．Robert Frost（084）38．Walt Whitman is a poet with a strong sense of mission, having devoted all his life to the creation of the ―single‖ poem, ______.A．The Love Song of J．Alfred Prufrock B．The Waste LandC．Murder in the Cathedral D．Leaves of Grass（084）29.What Walt Whitman prefers for his new subject and new poetic feelings is ―______，‖that is，poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme．A. fixed verseB. free verseC. fixed endingD. free ending(087)32.What Whitman prefers for his new subject and new poetic feelings is ―______ ,‖that is, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A. blank verseB. free rhythmC. balanced structureD. free verse(094)26. By means o f ―_____,‖ Whitman believed, he has turned the poem into an open field, an area of vital possibility where the reader can allow his own imagination to play. 3A. balanced structureB. free verseC. fixed verseD. regular rhythm（097）24. The author of Leaves of Grass , a giant of American letters, is ______.A. FaulknerB. DreiserC. JamesD. Whitman(104)39. In his poetry, Whitman shows concern for ______ and the burgeoning life of cities.A. the colonistsB. the capitalistsC. the whole hard -working peopleD. the intellectuals(104)23. Two people could be ―twain yet one‖ : their paths could be different, and yet theycould achieve a kind of transcendent contact, ______ believed. 2A. Walt WhitmanB. Ezra PoundC. Washington IrvingD. Nathaniel Hawthorne（107）30. Walt Whitman ‘s ______ is a collection of poems incorporating his emotions andfeelings before and during the Civil War when he stood firmly on the side of the North. 1A. Leaves of GrassB. ―Cavalry Crossing a Ford‖C. ―Song of Myself‖D. Drum Taps（107）3Melville27. ―Then all collapsed, and the great shroud of the sea rolled on as it rolled five thousand years ago.‖ In the quoted sentence, the author might imply that ______.(044) 5A. nothing changes in the 5000 years of human historyB. ma n‘s desire to conquer nature can only end in his own destructionC. nature is evil as it was 5000 years agoD. nature has the ultimate creative power30. Beside symbolism, all the following qualities EXCEPT ______are fused to make Melville‘s Moby-Dick a world classic.4A. narrative powerB. psychological analysis(044)C. speculative agilityD. optimistic view of life37.Like Nathaniel Hawthorne,（）also manages to achieve the effect of ambiguity through symbolism and allegory in his narratives.A. Mark TwainB. Henry JamesC. R. W. EmersonD. Herman Melville(054)39.In Moby-Dick, the white whale symbolizes（）for Melville, for it is complex, unfathomable, malignant, and beautiful as well.3A. natureB. human societyC. whaling industryD. truth(057)32．In Moby—Dick, the white whale symbolizes ______________ for Melville, for it is complex, unfathomable, malignant, and beautiful as well.A．nature B．human societyC．whaling industry D．truth（074）25．Herman Melville wrote his semi-autobiographical novel ______ concerning the sufferings of a genteel youth among brutal sailors.2A．Typee B．RedburnC．Moby-Dick D．Mardi（084）31．The white whale, Moby Dick, symbolizes ________ for Melville, for it is complex, unfathomable, malignant, and beautiful as well.A．society B．natureC．ocean animals D．both A and C （084）30. By writing _______ Melville reached the most flourishing stage of his literary creativity.A. TypeeB. OmooC. MardiD. Moby-Dick(087)27. In 1849, Herman Melville published ______ ,a semi-autobiographical novel, con-cerning the sufferings of a genteel youth among brutal sailors.A. OmooB. MardiC. RedburnD. Typee(094)38. By writing Moby - Dick, _______ reached the most flourishing stage of his literary creativity.A. Herman MelvilleB. Edgar Ellen PoeC. William FaulknerD. Theodore Dreiser（097）26. Melville is best - known as the author of his mighty book, ________, which is one of the world‘ s greatest masterpieces.A. Song of MyselfB. Moby - DickC. The Marble FaunD. Mosses from an Old Manse(104)27. In 1841, ______ went to the South Seas on a whaling ship, where he gained thefirst- hand information about whaling that he used later in Moby -Dick.A. Herman MelvilleB. Nathaniel HawthorneC. Robert Lee FrostD.T.S. Eliot（107）33. In Moby-Dick, for the character Ahab, the white whale represents only ______.1A. evilB. natureC. societyD. purity（107）34. Melville‘s semi- autobiographical novel, ______, concerns the sufferings of agenteel youth among brutal sailors.A. Moby-DickB. RedburnC. MardiD. Typee（107）PART TWOⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1 Hawthorne43.―‗Faith! Faith!‘cried the husband. ‗Look up to Heaven, and resis t the Wicked One.‘‖Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.What idea does the quoted sentence express? (054)43. A. Nathaniel Hawthorne; ―Young Goodman Brown‖B. Goodman Brown here is obviously addressing the image of his wife, urging herto resist the devil. At the same time he is exhorting himself to have faith, to look heavenward, to withstand the infernal eloquence of the Wicked One.Whitman44.―I celebrate myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.I loafe and invite my soul,I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.‖(From Walt Whitman‘s ―Song of Myself‖)Questions:A. Who does―myself‖refer to ?B. How do you understand the line―I loafe and invite my soul?‖C. What does―a spear of summer grass‖symbolize? (057)44．―I celebrate myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.I loafe and invite my soul,I learn and loafe at my ease observ ing a spear of summer grass.‖(from Walt Whitman‘s ―Song of Myself‖)Questions:A．Whom does ―myself‖ refer to?B．How do you understand the line ―I loafe and invite my soul‖?C．What does ―a spear of summer grass‖ indicate?（084）43. ―My tongue，every atom of my blood，form‘d from this soil，this air,Born here of parents born here from parents the same，and theirparents the same，I，now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin，Hoping to cease not till death‖Questions：A. Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.B. What do ―soil‖ and ―air‖ represent in the first line?C. What does the poet try to say in the above four lines? (087)43. A. Walt Whitman, ―Song of Myself‖B. His native land, America or His countryC. I was born and nurtured by this land and shall from now on devote my wholelife to the country.43．There was a child went forth every day,And the first object he look'd upon, that object he became,And that object became part of him for the day or a certain part of the day,Or for many years or stretching cycles of years.Questions:A. Identify the poet.B. From which poem and which collection of the poet are these lines taken?C. What does the poet describe in the poem? (094)43. A. Walt whitman.B. ―There Was a Child Went Forth‖ from Leaves of Grass.C. The poem describes the growth of a child who learned about the world aroundhim and improved himself accordingly. In the poem, Whitman‘s own early experience may well be identified with the childhood of a young, growing America.44. (A lot of common objects have been enumerated in the previous lines, and hereare the last two lines of the poem. )―The horizon‘s edge, the flying sea - crow, the fragrance of salt marsh and shore mud.These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every day. ‖Questions:A. Who is the author of this poem? What is the title of the poem?B. What does the child stand for in the poem?C. How do you understand ― These became part of the child‖ ?（107）44. A. Walt whitman. ―There Was a Child Went Forth‖B. the young, growing America.C. The common objects in the poem reflect the natural process of a boy‘s growth.Ⅲ.Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English.Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.Hawthorne48. ―Young Goodman Brown‖ is one of Hawthorne‘s most profound tales.What is the allegorical meaning of Brown, the protagonist? What does Hawthorne set out to prove in this tale? How does Melville comment on Hawthorne‘s manner of concerning with guilt and evil?（107）4848. A. Allegorically, the protagonist becomes an everyman named Brown, a ―young‖man, who will be aged in one night by an adventure that makes everyone in this world a fallen idol.B. He sets out to prove that everyone possesses some evil secret.C. Melville calls it the ―power of blackness‖.Whitman47. Whitman has made radical changes in the form of poetry by choosing free verse as his medium of expression. What are the characteristics of Whitman‘s free verse? (054) 4747. A. It doesn‘t have fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.B. The poetic lines are simple and prose-like, varying in length, which allows himto express his ideas freely.C. Whitman also applies oral English in his free verse to make it an effective wayto express freely the feelings of common people.Melville47. The white whale, Moby Dick, is the most important symbol in Melville's novel.What symbolic meaning can you draw from it? (024)47. A. To Ahab, the whale is either an evil creature itself or the agent of an evil forcethat controls the universe, or perhaps both.B. To Ishmale, the whale is an astonishing force, an immense power, which defiesrational explanation due to a sense of mystery it carries. It is beautiful, but malignant at the same time. It also represents the tremendous organic vitality of the universe, for it has a life force that surges onward irresistibly, impervious to the desires or wills of men.C. As to the reader, the whale can be viewed as a symbol of the physical limitsthat life imposes upon man. It may also be regarded as a symbol of nature, or an instrument of God's vengeance upon evil man. In general, the multiplicity and ambivalence of the symbolic meaning of the whale is such that it becomesa source of intense speculation, an object or profound curiosity for the reader.Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.Melville50.Retell in a few sentences the story of the last chapter (Ch, 135) ―The Chase－ThirdDay‖ of Melville‘s novel Moby-Dick. Discuss the meaning of the ending of the story. (034) 5050. The story of Moby-Dick is simple, telling the battle between Ahab, captain of thewhaling ship Pequod and the monstrous white whale Moby Dick. Ahab is obsessed by his determination to revenge himself upon the fierce, cunning whale, because it has crippled him. After many days of search and pursuit, the white whale is finally sighted. Chapter 135 is a description of the third day‘s chase.Three boats have been lowered in chase of the whale, but two of them are later destroyed by the whale. Although the whale is harpooned at last, the ship is sunk and all the people aboard are drowned except Ishmale, the narrator of the story who happens to be rescued by another whale ship. Moby-Dick is not merely a whaling tale or sea adventure. It is a tragic epic. The voyage the Pequod has made is a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe, a spiritual exploration into man‘s deep reality and psychology. The battle between Ahab and the white whale symbolizes the struggle between man and nature, man and fate, good and evil.Hawthorne50. ―My faith is gone!‖ cried he (Goodman Brown), after one stupefied moment. ―There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come, devil! For to thee is this world given.‖Comment on this passage from Hawthorne‘s ―Young Goodman Brown‖. (044) 50. A. Goodman Brown utters this cry when he finds his wife Faith, together with lotsof prominent of the village and the church, attending a witches‘ Sabbath inthe woods.B. His cry shows great surprise and disillusionment. Thereafter, he becomesdistrustful and doubtful. He lives a dismal and gloomy life because he is never able to believe in goodness or piety again. Here the author makes a pun of the word ―faith‖. Goodman Brown los es not only his faith in religion and life, but also his faith in his wife, for his wife‘s name is Faith.C. From this story, we also can see that Howthorne is a great allegorist and a masterof symbolism. The story itself is an allegory and is full of symbols such as the forest, the night, the snake and the pink ribbon.50．― ‗My faith is gone!‘ cried he（Goodman Brown）,after one stupefied moment.‗There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come, devil! For to thee is this world given.‘ ‖（from Nathani el Hawthorne‘s ―Young Goodman Brown‖）Make a comment on this passage.（084）50. A. Goodman Brown utters this cry when he finds his wife Faith, together with lotsof prominent people of the village and the church, attending a witches‘sSabbath in the woods.B. His cry shows his great surprise and disillusionment. Thereafter, he becomesdistrustful and doubtful. He lives a dismal and gloomy life because he is never able to believe in goodness or piety again. Here the author makes a pun of the word ―faith‖. Fo odman Brown loses not only his faith in religion and life, but also is faith in his wife, for his wife‘s name in Faith.C. From this story, we can also see that Hawthorne is a great allegorist and amaster of symbolism. The story itself is an allegory and is ful of symbols such as the forest, the snake, and the pink ribbon.00. The most clearly defined literary movement in Romantic period is New England Transcendentalism. Please make a comment on this philosophical and literary school. (047)。
专八备考人文知识题—英国文学部分
第一阶段：中古英国文学（8世纪——14世纪）1. Which of the following does not belong to the works of Geoffrey Chaucer?A. The Canterbury TalesB. The Vision of Piers PlowmanC. Troilus and CriseydeD. The Romaunt of the Rose2. “_____” brings the readers into a world that be longs to the Celtic legend of King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table.A. The Vision of Piers PlowmanB. The House of FameC. The Romaunt of the RoseD. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight3. Which of the following is the translation work of Geoffrey Chaucer?A. The Canterbury TalesB. Troilus and CriseydeC. The Romaunt of the RoseD. The House of Fame4. In the 14th century, the most important writer is _____.A. LanglandB. WyclifC. GowerD. Chaucer5. In Anglo-Saxon period, “Beowulf” rep resented the _____ poetry.A. paganB. religiousC. romanticD. sentimental6. When we speak of the old English prose, we might think of _____, who is the first scholar in English literature and has been regarded as father of English learning.A. William ShakespeareB. BeowulfC. Julius CaesarD. Venerable Bede7. _____ is not only a prose writer but also a king of Wessex.A. Alfred the GreatB. Venerable BedeC. Adam BedeD. king Arthur8. _____ is the culmination of the Arthurian romance.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. The Story of BeowulfC. Piers the PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales9. William Langland’s “_____” is written in the form of a dream vision.A. Kublai KhanB. Piers the PlowmanC. The Dream of John BullD. Morte d’Arthur10. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the _____.A. FrenchB. LatinC. RomanceD. Science11. In which century were Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales written?A. FourteenthB. FifteenthC. SixteenthD. Seventeenth12. William Langland wrote for _____.A. the royal familyB. the courtC. the monksD. the common people13. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight focuses on _____.A. immediate social issuesB. the real life as well as people’s feelings and desiresC. a remote world belongs to the Celtic Legend of King Arthur and his knightsD. the imagination of the future world14. King Alfred’s Anglo Saxon Chronicle was written in _____ form.A. poeticB. dramaticC. proseD. none of the above【答案及题解】1. B The Vision of Piers Plowman 是作家威廉·兰格伦的作品。
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Ⅰ. Multiple Choices:1.Romanticism fights against the ideas of ______.A. realismB. RenaissanceC. EnlightenmentD. feudalism2.The main literary stream is ____.A. poetryB. novelsC. proseD. periodicals3.____ has a another name called “The Daffodils”.A. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”B. “Tintern Abbey”C. “Revolution”D. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”4.Coleridge’s _____ is a “conversation” poem.A. Frost at MidnightB. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”C. ChristabelD. Biographia Literaria5.Byron’s ____ is regarded as the great poem of the Romantic Age.A. Childe Harold’s PilgrimageB. Hours of IdlenessC. LaraD. Don Juan6.Prometheus Unbound is ____ masterpiece.A. Wordsworth’sB. Byron’sC. Shelley’sD. Keats’7.____ lived the longest life.A. WordsworthB. ByronC. ShelleyD. Keats8.Keats’ first poem is ____.A. O SolitudeB. On First Looking into Chapman’s HomerC. PoemsD. Endymion9.Keats’ best ode is ____.A. “On a Grecian Urn”B. “To Autumn”C. “To Psyche”D. “To a Nightingale”10.The best works of William Hazlitt is ____.A. The Spirit of the AgeB. Table TalkC. The Characters of Shakespeare’s PlaysD. On the English Poets11.The publication of ______ marks the beginning of the Romantic Movement inEngland.A. “Tintern Abbey”B. Lyrical BalladsC. Frost at NightD. “The Daffodils”12.The Prelude has also been called _____.A. The Last BrazilB. The First ImpressionC. Growth of a Poet’s MindD. The Spirit of the Age13.Wordsworth’s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” has also been called _______.A. “The Solitary Reaper”B. “The Daffodils”C. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”D. “O Solitude”14._____ is considered Wordsworth’s masterpiece.A. The PreludeB. EndymionC. Don JuanD. Biographia Literaria15.The prose writers in the English Romantic Age developed a kind of _______.A. models of classicismB. familiar essayC. rules of neo-romanticismD. ways of modernism16.The best essayist in the English Romantic Age is _____.A. KeatsB. Walter ScottC. Charles LambD. William Hazlitt17.The themes of Pride and Prejudice are _____.A. pride and prejudiceB. the writer’s own personalitiesC. love and marriageD. Both A and C18._____ is considered the father of historical novelist in the English Romantic Age.A.Jane AustenB. Charles LambC. William HazlittD. Waler Scottmb’s writings are full of ______for he is especially fond of old writers.A. romanticismB. conversationsC. inspirationsD. archaismsmb is a romanticist of ______.A. the cityB. the countrysideC. natureD. imagination21._____ is based on Boccaccio’s Decameron.A. EndymionB. Isabella D. Hyperion D. Lamia22.Critics agree that ____ is a great romantic poet, standing with Shakespeare,Milton and Wordsworth in the history English literature.A. KeatsB. WordsworthC. ColeridgeD. William23.The reader can get a broad panorama of the social life of the English RomanticAge from _____.A. Dun JuanB. The PreludeC. Kubla KhanD. Isabella24.Some critics think that some of Byron’s poems show his _____.A. individual heroism and pessimismB. love of nature and optimismC. love of old writersD. hatred for the imperialism25.One of Coleridge’s best “conventional” poems is _____.A. Kubla KhanB.Frost at NightC. ChristabelD. Biographia Literaria26.Coleridge’s best literary criticism is _________.A. Kubla KhanB.Frost at NightC. ChristabelD. Biographia Literaria27.____ is Shelley’s masterpiece.A. ZastrozziB. The Necessity of AtheismC. Queen MabD. Prometheus Unbound28._____ is a joint book by Charles Lamb and his sister.A. John WoodvilB.Essays of EliaC. Mr HD. Tales from Shakespeare29.Because of _______, Shelley was expelled from the Oxford University.A. The Masque of AnarchyB. A Defence of PoetryC. The Necessity of AtheismD. The Triumph of Life30.______ is Shelley’s first book written in ____.A. Zastrozzi; EtonB. The Necessity of Atheism; ItalyC. Queen Mab; GreeceD. Prometheus Unbound; Italy31.The Romantic Age began in____ and came to an end in _____.A. 1789...1821 B. 1778...1823 C. 1798...1832 D. 1768 (1819)32.Byron, Shelley and Keats belong to Romantic poets of ___ generation.A. the firstB. the secondC. the thirdD. the forth33.The Examiner is a famous _____ in the English Romantic Age.A. novelB. poemC. periodicalD. newspaperⅡLiterary Terms:1. Romanticism2. Ode3. Pastoral4. Satire5. ImageKey to the multiple choices:1-5 CADAD 6-10 CACDA 11-15 BCBAB16-20 CDDDA 21-25 BAAAB 26-30 BDDCA31-33 CBCKey to the literary terms:1. A movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music, and art in Western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. The romanticist portrays people, scenes and events as they impress himor as he imagines them to be. A Romantic work has one or more of the following characteristics: an emphasis on feeling and imagination; a love of nature; a belief in individual and common man; and interest in the past, the unusual, the unfamiliar,the bizarre or picturesque, a revolt against authority or tradition. It expresses the ideology and sentiment of the classes and strata that were dissatisfied with the development of capitalism. There have been many varieties of romanticism in many different times and places. Some ideas of English Romanticism were expressed bythe poets William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and some were showed by Shelley, Byron and Keats.2. A long, stately lyric poem in stanzas of varied metrical pattern, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honor a person or a season or commemorate an event. Two famous odes are Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “ Ode to the West wind” and John Keats’s Ode on a Grecian Urn.”3. From Latin pastor, a shepherd. The first pastoral poet was Theocritus, a Greekof the 3rd century B.C. The pastoral was especially popular in Europe from the 14th through the 18th centuries, with some fine examples still written in England in the19th century. The pastoral mode is self-reflexive. Typically the poet echoes the conventions of earlier pastorals in order to put "the complex into the simple," as William Empson observed in Some Versions of Pastoral (1935). The poem is notreally about shepherds, but about the complex society the poet and readers inhabit.4. A kind of writing holds up to ridicule or contempt the weaknesses and wrongdoings of individuals, groups, institutions, or humanity in general. The aim of satirists is to set a moral standard for society, and they attempt to persuade the reader to see their point of view through the force of laughter. The most famous satirical work in English literature is Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels.5. A concrete picture, either literally descriptive, as in "Red roses covered the white wall," or figurative, as in "She is a rose," each carrying a sensual and emotive connotation. A figurative image may be an analogy, metaphor, simile, personification, or the like. Impressionism, a literary style conveying subjective impressions rather than objective reality, taking its name from the movement in French painting in the mid-19th century, notably in the works of Manet, Monet, and Renoir. The Imagists represented impressionism in poetry; in fiction, writers like Virginia Woolf and James Joyce.。