《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷(一)
翻译证的考试题库和答案

翻译证的考试题库和答案以下是一份模拟的翻译证考试题库及答案,供参考:一、单选题(每题2分,共20分)1. 翻译中,以下哪项不是直译的特点?A. 保持原文风格B. 保持原文结构C. 保持原文意义D. 过度自由发挥答案:D2. 翻译中,以下哪项不是意译的特点?A. 保持原文风格B. 保持原文意义C. 保持原文结构D. 灵活处理原文答案:C3. 翻译中,以下哪项不是增译的特点?A. 增加原文没有的信息B. 增加原文隐含的信息C. 增加原文省略的信息D. 增加原文多余的信息答案:D4. 翻译中,以下哪项不是减译的特点?A. 省略原文多余的信息B. 省略原文隐含的信息C. 省略原文省略的信息D. 省略原文没有的信息答案:D5. 翻译中,以下哪项不是变译的特点?A. 改变原文结构B. 改变原文风格C. 改变原文意义D. 保持原文意义答案:C6. 翻译中,以下哪项不是倒译的特点?A. 倒置原文语序B. 倒置原文结构C. 倒置原文意义D. 保持原文意义答案:C7. 翻译中,以下哪项不是分译的特点?A. 分开翻译原文B. 分开翻译原文结构C. 分开翻译原文意义D. 合并翻译原文答案:D8. 翻译中,以下哪项不是合译的特点?A. 合并翻译原文B. 合并翻译原文结构C. 合并翻译原文意义D. 分开翻译原文答案:D9. 翻译中,以下哪项不是换译的特点?A. 替换原文词汇C. 替换原文意义D. 保持原文意义答案:C10. 翻译中,以下哪项不是反译的特点?A. 反转原文语序B. 反转原文结构C. 反转原文意义D. 保持原文意义答案:C二、多选题(每题3分,共15分)11. 翻译中,以下哪些属于直译的特点?()A. 保持原文风格C. 保持原文意义D. 过度自由发挥答案:ABC12. 翻译中,以下哪些属于意译的特点?()A. 保持原文风格B. 保持原文意义C. 保持原文结构D. 灵活处理原文答案:ABD13. 翻译中,以下哪些属于增译的特点?()A. 增加原文没有的信息B. 增加原文隐含的信息C. 增加原文省略的信息D. 增加原文多余的信息答案:ABC14. 翻译中,以下哪些属于减译的特点?()A. 省略原文多余的信息B. 省略原文隐含的信息C. 省略原文省略的信息D. 省略原文没有的信息答案:ABC15. 翻译中,以下哪些属于变译的特点?()A. 改变原文结构B. 改变原文风格C. 改变原文意义D. 保持原文意义三、判断题(每题2分,共20分)16. 直译就是完全按照原文的字面意思翻译。
翻译理论练习题

翻译理论练习题翻译是一门充满挑战的艺术,需要翻译者具备良好的文字表达能力和深厚的语言背景。
翻译理论是翻译工作的理论基础,这一文章将通过以下几道练习题来探讨翻译理论的实践应用。
1. 什么是翻译?翻译是将一种语言的意义转化为另一种语言的过程。
翻译不仅仅涉及语言层面的转换,还需要考虑文化、背景等因素。
翻译的目的是让不同语言之间的交流变得可能。
2. 翻译的分类有哪些?翻译可分为口译和笔译两种形式。
口译是通过口头表达进行翻译,通常用于会议、演讲等场合。
笔译是通过书面文字进行翻译,包括文学、商务、法律等领域。
3. 翻译的基本原则是什么?翻译的基本原则包括忠实传递原意、准确性、流畅性和可读性。
翻译者应力求在忠实于原文的前提下,将原文的意义准确传达给读者,并确保译文易于理解和流畅。
4. 翻译中遇到的主要困难是什么?翻译者在翻译过程中经常会遇到词义的多义性、语言结构的差异、文化差异等困难。
这些难题需要翻译者具备广泛的知识背景和良好的语言理解能力。
5. 翻译中的文化因素有哪些?翻译不仅仅是语言之间的转换,还涉及到文化的传递。
文化因素包括历史、习俗、价值观等各个方面。
翻译者需要在翻译过程中充分考虑这些文化因素,以确保翻译的准确性和地道性。
6. 翻译者应该具备哪些技巧?翻译者应该具备准确理解原文意思的能力,同时要善于选择合适的词语和句型来表达意思。
此外,翻译者还要注重上下文的理解和语境的适应,以确保整体的连贯性。
7. 翻译中的常见误区有哪些?翻译中常见的误区包括过度字面翻译、过度自由翻译、忽略上下文等。
翻译者需要避免这些误区,注重整体的语言表达和意义的传递。
8. 翻译中的技术工具有哪些?现代翻译中使用的技术工具包括翻译记忆库、机器翻译等。
这些工具可以提高翻译效率和准确性,但仍然需要人工翻译的判断和修正。
9. 翻译的过程中如何提高自身的能力?翻译是一个不断学习和提高的过程。
翻译者可以通过积累语言素材、不断阅读和研究、与其他翻译者交流等方式来提高自身的翻译能力。
《翻译理论与技巧》大作业Family Portrait+中译英(1)

Family PortraitMy mother, who is seventy years old, recently sent me a photograph of herself that I had never seen before. While cleaning out the attic of her Florida home, she came across a studio portrait she had taken about a year before she married my father. This picture of my mother is about a twenty-year-old girl and the story behind it has fascinated me from the moment I began to consider it.The young in the picture has a face that resembles my own in many ways. Her face is a bit more oval than mine, but the softly waving brown hair around it is identical. The small, straight nose is the same model I was born with. My mother’s mouth is closed, yet there is just the slightest hint of a smile on her full lips. I know that if she had smiled, she would have shown the same wide grin and down-curving “smile lines” that appear in my own snapshots. The most haunting feature in the photo, however, is my mother’s eyes. They are an exact duplicate of my own large, dark-brown ones. Her brows are plucked into thin lines, which are like two pencil strokes added to highlight those fine, luminous eyes. I’ve also carefully studied the clothing and jewelry in the photograph. Although the photo was taken fifty years ago, my mother is wearing a blouse and skirt that could easily be worn today. The blouse is made of heavy eggshell-colored satin and reflects the light in its folds and hollows. It has a turned-down cowl collar and smocking on the shoulders and bellow the collar. The smocking (tiny rows of gathered material) looks hand-done. The skirt, which covers my mother’s calves, is straight and made of light wool or flannel. My mother is wearing silver drop earrings. They are about two inches long and roughly shield-shaped. On her left wrist is a matching bracelet. My mother can’t find this bracelet now, despite the fact that we spent hours searching through the attic for it. On the third finger of her left hand is a ring with a large, square-cut stone.The story behind the picture is as interesting to me as the young woman it captures. Mom, who was earning twenty-five dollars a week as a file clerk, decided to give her boyfriend (my father) a picture of herself. She spent almost two weeks’ salary on the skirt and blouse, which she bought at a fancy department store downtown. She borrowed the earrings and bracelet from her older sister, my aunt Dorothy. The ring she wore was a present from another young man she was dating at the time. Mom spent another chunk of her salary to pay the portrait photographer for the hand-tinted print in old-fashioned tones of brown and tan. Just before giving the picture to my father, she scrawled at the lower left, “Sincerely, Beatrice.”When I studied this picture, I react in many ways. I think about the trouble that Mom went into in order to impress the young man who was to be my father. I laugh when I look at the ring, which was probably worn to make my father jealous. I smile at the serious, formal inscription my mother used at this stage of the budding relationship. Sometimes I am filled with a mixture of pleasure and sadness when I look at this frozen long-ago moment. It is a moment of beauty, of love, and—in a way—of my own past.照片我的母亲已经是七十高龄。
翻译理论与实践(赵秀明)期末复习题

一、翻译的基本理论复习题(一)列举至少三种翻译标准(中、西均可), 并指出是由谁提出的。
中国的: 严复, 信雅达三字标准; 林语堂: 忠实, 通顺, 美的标准傅雷, 神似;茅盾:意境论;钱钟书:化境赵秀明: 韵味说外国的:泰特勒的三原则(1.译文应完全复写出原作的思想 2.译文的风格和笔调应与原文的性质相同3.译文应和原作同样流畅)费道罗夫的等值论:等值即译文和原文等值, 表现在读者看了原文和译文之后, 其感受的等值性。
奈达的等效理论奈达从社会语言学和语言交际功能观点, 提出“最接近的, 自然的等效翻译”概念, 认为翻译必须以接受者服务为中心, 要根据不同接受者的要求对译文作相应调整。
二)翻译的主要方法有_直译_和_意译_。
“直译”就是忠实的再现原作思想内容, 并尽量保存原作语言形式的表现方法。
原文如在形、义上与译语全同或是基本相同的可以直译, 原语中的比喻或形象能为译语读者所接受的有时也可以采用直译。
“意译”是忠实传达原作思想内容而放弃原作形式。
多强调译文的效果, 不求表层次形式对应, 只求语言在深层次中的对应。
不是主观臆断, 是以不背离原文为限度, 注意翻译时对原文结构的调整, 用规范的译语表达。
(三)列举你所掌握的翻译技巧。
技巧是翻译的具体策略, 在直译和意译两大类翻译方法之下, 具体的翻译技巧有分切、转换、转移、还原、阐释、融合、引申、反转、替代、拆离、增补、省略、重复、重组、移植等。
再概括起来, 可以归结为增、减、移、换四大策略。
(四)列举中、西翻译史上著名翻译家至少十位。
傅雷, 季羡林, 草婴, 鲁迅, 杨绛, 朱生豪, 张谷若, 诺思, 查普曼, 费洛里欧, 何兰德, 阿瑟伟利, 弗兰茨库恩, 玄奘、义净、徐寿、李善兰、赵元益、卞之琳、叶水夫、黄龙、茅盾;乔叟、西塞罗、哲罗姆、阿尔弗雷德国王、波伊提乌、诺思(五)谈谈翻译的困难(至少两点)。
首先理解的困难。
汉语和英语都是很发达的语言, 以表达丰富细致著称, 要理解的准确必须处处细致。
17春秋华师《翻译理论与技巧》在线作业

17春秋华师《翻译理论与技巧》在线作业华师《翻译理论与技巧》在线作业一、单选题(共31 道试题,共62 分。
)1. And I suppose she’ll tell all the boys, the old cat. ____A. 我想她会告诉所有的男人,这只老猫B. 我想她会告诉所有的男人,这个长舌的老太婆!正确答案:2. 明年将出版更多的书籍。
____A. Next year will publish a greater number of new booksB. A greater number of new books will be published next year.正确答案:3. Electric power became the servant of man only after the motor was invented. ____A. 只是在电动机发明之后,电力才成了人类的仆人B. 只是在电动机发明之后,电力才开始造福于人类。
正确答案:4. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的,非下苦功不可。
____A. The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effortB. Language is something one cannot master it without painstaking effort.正确答案:5. The little girl ____ by the drug-pusher to carry drugs into the country.A. was made useB. was made usedC. was made use ofD. was made used of正确答案:6. 但我的事现在搞得满城风雨,人人皆知了。
____A. But there has been too much publicity about my case.B. But now everybody in the city knows about my thing.正确答案:7. People someti mes expect gratitude when they aren’t entitled to it. ____A. 有时人们在没有权利这么做的时候,也希望别人感激他们。
中西方翻译理论试题及答案

中西方翻译理论试题及答案中西方翻译理论的发展历史悠久,各有特色。
西方翻译理论倾向于结构主义和语言学的分析,而中国传统翻译理论则更侧重于文化和哲学的考量。
本文将探讨中西方翻译理论的基本观点、发展历程以及它们在翻译实践中的应用,最后提供一些典型的试题及答案,以供学习和参考。
一、中西方翻译理论的基本观点西方翻译理论西方翻译理论的发展经历了古典时期、中世纪、文艺复兴、现代和后现代等阶段。
每个阶段都有其代表性的理论家和观点。
例如,罗马时期的哲人西塞罗提出了“直译”与“意译”的区分;20世纪初,语言学家尤金·奈达提出了“功能对等”和“动态对等”理论,强调翻译应使目标语言读者能够获得与原文读者相同的信息和感受。
中方翻译理论中国传统翻译理论的起点可以追溯到佛教经典的翻译。
如鸠摩罗什的“文质论”和玄奘的“五不翻”原则,都体现了对原文和译文之间关系的深刻理解。
近现代,中国翻译学者如严复提出的“信、达、雅”原则,至今仍对翻译实践有着重要的指导意义。
二、中西方翻译理论的发展历程西方翻译理论的发展西方翻译理论的发展经历了从文本中心到读者中心的转变。
20世纪中叶,随着结构主义和解构主义的兴起,翻译研究开始关注文本的多义性和读者的解读过程。
后现代翻译理论则更加强调文化差异和权力关系在翻译中的作用。
中方翻译理论的发展中国传统翻译理论的发展与佛教经典的翻译密切相关。
随着时间的推移,翻译理论逐渐融入了更多的文化和哲学元素。
近现代,中国翻译理论开始吸收西方的一些理论,形成了更加开放和多元的理论体系。
三、翻译理论在实践中的应用理论指导实践无论是西方的语言学翻译理论还是中国的文质论,都为翻译实践提供了重要的指导。
翻译者在实践中需要根据原文的文体、内容和目标读者的特点,选择合适的翻译策略。
实践反馈理论翻译实践也为理论的发展提供了丰富的素材。
通过分析具体的翻译案例,翻译学者可以提炼出新的理论观点,进一步完善和发展翻译理论。
四、典型试题及答案1. 试题:请简述尤金·奈达的“功能对等”理论。
翻译理论与实践考试试卷

翻译理论与实践考试试卷I。
Alternative Choice:15 %1. There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil。
The drill may just miss the oil although it is near.译文A:石油钻探很大程度上要靠运气。
哪怕钻机打到石油边上,也可能找不到石油。
译文B:钻探石油有很大的运气,即使钻机就在附近也有可能错过石油。
2.I have no manners whatsoever。
If I feel like it,I eat with my fingers,or out of a can,or standing up——-in other words, whichever is easiest。
译文A:事实上我没有任何规矩,如果我觉得喜欢,我就用手指吃,或用罐头吃,或站着吃--换句话说,看那种吃法最容易。
译文B:我实在是一点规矩也没有。
只要觉得合适,我可用手抓着吃,直接拿着罐头吃,或是站着吃:反正怎么省事就怎么吃。
3. 过去的一年.全国人民团结奋斗,开拓进取,社会主义现代化事业取得重大成就.译文A:In the past, the Chinese people worked hard with a united and pioneering spirit, achieving great success in the drive for socialist modernization.译文B:In the last year, the Chinese people united and worked hard,pioneered and forged ahead,and made great achievements in the cause of China’s socialist modernization。
《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷(一)

《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷(一)一.在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。
1.翻译是跨()、跨()、跨()的交际活动。
2.篇章的粘连分()粘连和()粘连两大类,粘连的目的是实现篇章的()。
3.社会符号学的翻译标准是()相符、()相似。
4.格赖斯的()原则和利奇的()原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。
5. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据,以符号学的意义观为核心。
语言符号具备三种意义,它们是()意义、()意义和()意义。
6. 语言对比是研究语言在()中产生的意义。
7. 泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则:A.译文应完整地再现原文的()。
B.译文的()()应与原文的性质相同。
C.译文应像原文一样()。
8. 汉语语法呈()性,英语语法呈()性。
9. 严复的三字翻译标准是_____、_____、____。
10. 鲁迅认为翻译标准可以用________和________这四个字来表示。
二.判断各例画线部分译文恰当如否。
如译文恰当,就在后面括号中打√;译文不恰当,就在后面括号中打×。
1.对外开放取得新近展。
1990年共批准“三资”企业99家,全省“三资”企业已达284家。
()New progress has been made in the process of opening to the outside world. In 1990, the province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures”, the total number of which reached 284.2.我们要培养出适应社会主义现代化需要的一代“四有新人”。
()We must bring forth a new generation of well-educated and self-disciplined people with lofty ideals and moral integrity, such as are necessary for our socialist modernization drive.3.这次旅游可选择的地方有北京、上海或西安。
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《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷(一)一.在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。
1.翻译是跨()、跨()、跨()的交际活动。
2.篇章的粘连分()粘连和()粘连两大类,粘连的目的是实现篇章的()。
3.社会符号学的翻译标准是()相符、()相似。
4.格赖斯的()原则和利奇的()原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。
5. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据,以符号学的意义观为核心。
语言符号具备三种意义,它们是()意义、()意义和()意义。
6. 语言对比是研究语言在()中产生的意义。
7. 泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则:A.译文应完整地再现原文的()。
B.译文的()()应与原文的性质相同。
C.译文应像原文一样()。
8. 汉语语法呈()性,英语语法呈()性。
9. 严复的三字翻译标准是_____、_____、____。
10. 鲁迅认为翻译标准可以用________和________这四个字来表示。
二.判断各例画线部分译文恰当如否。
如译文恰当,就在后面括号中打√;译文不恰当,就在后面括号中打×。
1.对外开放取得新近展。
1990年共批准“三资”企业99家,全省“三资”企业已达284家。
()New progress has been made in the process of opening to the outside world. In 1990, the province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures”, the total number of which reached 284.2.我们要培养出适应社会主义现代化需要的一代“四有新人”。
()We must bring forth a new generation of well-educated and self-disciplined people with lofty ideals and moral integrity, such as are necessary for our socialist modernization drive.3.这次旅游可选择的地方有北京、上海或西安。
()The places this tour can choose are Beijing, Shanghai and Xi‟an.4.不是所有的金属都具有同样好的导电性能。
()All metals do not conduct electricity equally well.5.大会将于今年十二月在北京隆重开幕。
()The meeting will begin the following December in Beijing ceremoniously.6. 在农村,特别是比较偏僻落后的农村,还残存着少数包办买卖婚姻的陋习。
()In China‟s more remote and backward rural areas, corrupt practices exist in the form of forced marriage …7. 我给你打国际直拨就跟给楼下的李姐打电话差不多,一拨就通。
()An international phone to you is as easy as a call to Sister Li downstairs.8. 我们的事业从胜利走向胜利。
()We have won one victory after another for our cause9. 从这次讲座中,我们学到了许多美国历史方面的知识。
()We studied much knowledge of American history from the lecture.10. 她觉得她再也不能忍受她丈夫的侮辱。
()She feels that she cannot stand her husband‟s insult any longer.三.译文比较。
下列各例均有两种译文。
把你认为较好的译文(A或B)填写在每例后的括号里。
如:明年将出版更多的书籍。
( B )A.Next year will publish a greater number of new books.B.A greater number of new books will be published next year.1.语言这东西不是随便可以学好的,非下苦功不可。
( )A.The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effort.nguage is something one cannot master it without painstaking effort. 2.老王说,他没着了。
( )A.Old Wang said he was at the end of his tether.B.Old Wang said he had no scheme at all.3.第二天早晨,她腋下挟着几本书回来了。
( )A.The next morning, she came back with some books under her arm.B.The next morning, she carried some books under her arm and came back.4.利用煤和石油可以制成各种各样的东西。
( )A. A use of coal and oil can produce all sorts of useful things.B.All sorts of useful things can be produced from coal and oil.5.新的一年才过了一个月,经济改革又出现了新的高潮。
( )A.The new year was barely one month old when it witnessed the latestflourish of the economic reform.B.The new year has passed just one month, the economic reform has reached anew climax.6. 但我的事现在搞得满城风雨,人人皆知了。
( )A.But there has been too much publicity about my case.B.But now everybody in the city knows about my thing.7. 争取运动成绩与精神文明双丰收。
( )A.For better athletic records and sportsmanship.B.For a good harvest both in sports and morals.8. 他做实验时心不在焉,几乎引起化学药物爆炸。
( )A.He was absent-minded during the experiments, that nearly caused an explosion of the chemical.B.His absent-mindedness during the experiments nearly caused an explosion of the chemical.9. 长飞公司严格执行自上而下的一条线管理和自下而上的一条线汇报制度,确保了公司高效率快节奏的运转。
( )A.The strict management and report system have been carefully enforced, which ensures Changfei Corporation to run efficiently.B.Changfei Corporation has carefully enforced strict management and a report system, ensures it to run efficiently.10. 她抱怨名单上没有她的名字。
( )A.She complaint that the list did not have her name.B.She complaint about the omission of her name from the list.四.将下列英语句子译成汉语,汉语句子译成英语。
1.如果我们抓住并利用这些机会,武汉的工业将会有灿烂的明天。
2.这两个国家不是用战争,而是以和平友好的方式解决了争端。
3.农民的生活水平不断提高,大部分农民已解决了温饱问题,不少农民已过上小康生活。
4.我们一定要努力工作,不辜负全国人民和全世界人民对我们的期望。
5.以前人们认为原子是最小的元素,现在才知道原子还可以分为原子核(nuclei)与电子(electron)、中子(neutron)与质子(proton)。
6、无条件最惠国待遇(unconditional most-favored-nation treatment)的原则是中国寻求重新加入关贸总协定(GATT)的主要考虑之一。
五.翻译下列短文。
共50分。
(I see four kinds of pressure working on college students‟ today: economic pressure,parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains, only victims.)“In the later 1960s,” one dean told me, “the typical question that I got from students was …Why is there so much suffering in the world?‟ or …How can I make a contribution?‟ Today it‟s …Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?‟ ”Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school.They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law forms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh.The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses—music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. I don‟t know if they are getting As or Cs, and I don‟t care. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They can‟t.(括号内一段仅作背景内容,无须翻译)《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷(一)(答案及参考译文)一、在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。