Unit 1 人教版八年级英语下册 语法与知识点

Unit 1第一部分：Grammar一、情态动词（Modal Verbs）情态动词should意为“应该，应当”，必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。

用以表达职责和义务、提出劝告，而且表述的是自己的主观看法。

注意：should在以why，who，how等疑问词开头的问句中，意为“竟然，居然，怎么会”，表示意外、惊喜或在说话人看来是不可思议的。

表示反射或强调的代词叫做反身代词。

反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词的宾格形式，词尾加self或selves组成。

反身代词可译“本人”、“本身”，为加强语气，也常翻译为“亲自”、“自己”。

不定人称代词one-----oneself.第二部分：单词用法Section A1.What’s the matter?怎么了？该句常用询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了什么麻烦，其后用with引出对象。

1). What’s the matter with sb.?=what’s wrong with sb.?=what’s the trouble/problem with sb.?=what’s one’s trouble/problem?e.g. What’s the matter with Tom?=what’s _________ with Tom?=What’s the _________ with Tom?=What’s Tom’s _________?2). matter, 名词，“问题，事情”e.g. We have important _________(matter) to discuss.我们有些重要的问题要讨论。

3). 动词，“要紧，关系重大”e.g. It dosen’t _________ that you came late.2.I have a cold.我感冒了。

1).have/get/catch a cold “感冒，着凉”The old man _________ a cold yesterday.那位老人昨天感冒了。

2). “have +a/an +疾病名称”意为“得了….病”have a fever, have a cough,have a headache…3.I have a sore back.我背痛。

“I have a sore + 身体部位”意为“…痛”辨析sore和ache4.Katy _________ (lie) on the bed and read the letter last night.凯蒂昨晚躺在床上看书。

He _________(lie) to me about the result.对于结果他对我说了谎。

2). rest 动词，“休息，放松”May him rest in peace.have/take a rest 休息，放松=rest5.You need to take breaks away from the computer.take breaks = take/have a break 休息We are _________ a break under the tree.我们正在树下休息。

6.Yeah，I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.是的，我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐太久了。

1). In the same way:以同样的方式，以相同的方式She worked out the math problem in the same way.2).without为介词，意为“无，没有，不”You can’t buy things _________ money! 你没有钱就买不了东西。

He left without _________ anything.他什么都没有说就离开了。

7.…When the driver saw an old man lying on the side og the road.这时，司机看到路边躺着一位老人。

see/watch/notice/hear sb.doing sth. 强调看到/听到的动作的正在进行see/watch/notice/hear sb.do sth. 强调看到/听到的动作的完整性e.g. I often _________ him _________ in the garden last month.上个月，我总是看到他在花园里干活。

(强调全过程)I _________ him _________ in the garden when I passed by yersterday.昨天我看见他正在花园里干活。

(强调动作正在进行)8.He expected most or all the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.1).expect +名词/代词“期待；预料”I am _________ a phone call from her.我正在等她的电话。

2).expect to do sth.She expects to go there next week. 她期望下周去那里。

3).expect sb. to do sth. He expected her to go with him.4).expect +that 从句I expect that he’ll come back tomorrow.9. But to my surprise, they all agreed to go with him.1). to one’s surprise “使…惊讶的是，出乎…意料”________ my _________(surprise), he refused to cooperate with us.让我惊讶的是，他拒绝与我们合作。

2). agree “同意”a. agree to do sth. “同意做某事”b. agree with sb.c. agree on sth. “就某事达成一致”e.g. My mother agreed _________(buy) me a new pen.I entirely agree _________ you.We agree _________ the question.Thanks _________ you, I am not lost.幸亏你我才没有迷路。

Thanks _________ sending me such a nice gift. 谢谢你寄给我这么好的一个礼物。

11.get into trouble “造成麻烦（或烦恼）;陷入困境” trouble是不可数名词。

be in trouble “再麻烦和困境中”e.g. Lisa _________ _________ trouble when she climed the mountain.Let us help the people who are ________ _________.12.Did you fall down?e.g. The dog _________ down dead.那条狗倒下去死了。

The boy _________ _________ _________ the tree and broke his legs.The girl _________ _________ the bike.Section B1.Someone felt sick.Sick;生病的，恶心的。

ill也是生病的，也可表示品质恶劣的He is an _________ student, because he smokes and drinks.I have to look after my _________ sister home at home today.2.Someone got hit on the head.有人头部受到了撞击。

1).get hit 为系表结构：get hit +on/in +the+身体部位的名词，表示“某身体部位受到了撞击”e.g. The police officer _________ _________on the shoulder. 这位警官的肩膀受到了撞击。

2). hit, “打击，击中”如果强调“集中某人的部位”可以用“hit sb. on/in the + 身体部位”e.g. The bullet hit him on the back. 子弹击中了他的后背。

3).hit可以做名词，“轰动一时的成功的人或事；风靡一时的作品”。

e.g. The song was a hit at once.3. have problems breathing1). breathe, a.动词“呼吸”e.g. He was breathing hard when he finished the race.b. 名词，breath，没有“e”take a deep breath 深呼吸；hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸2). have problems (in) doing sth. “做某事有困难或麻烦”e.g. I have _________ _________ English. 我学习英语有困难。

e.g. I am _________ to _________ up early.我习惯早起。

A pen is _________ to _________.钢笔是用来写字的。

He _________ to _________ books for an hour every day.他过去常常每天读一个小时的书。

5. find + 宾语+ 宾补1). find 宾语adj. We found him dishonest. 我们发现他不诚实。

2).find 宾语doing We found him _________others’ homework. 我们发现他在抄别人作业。

3).find 宾语副词和介词短语I am so glad to find you _________.我很高兴发现你在家。

I found the clothes _________ _________ style. 我发现这些衣服过时了。

Our money is _________ out. 我们的钱快用光了。

We are running out _________ money. 我们的钱快用光了。