福建福州市2022-2023学年高三英语第一学期期末综合测试模拟试题含解析

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The reign of the next Japanese emperor will be known as “Reiwa” (令和) era, in________ n ame the character for “harmony” is included.A．which B．whatC．whose D．as2．—I will pick you up at 7 o’clock tomorrow morning. Is that all right?—________. See you then.A．I’d love to.B．That’s settled.C．It’s up to you D．My pleasure3．Chinese President Hu Jintao called for an immediate cease-fire in Libya _____ an even worse humanitarian crisis in the country at the BRICS Summit in Hainan Province.A．to prevent B．to have prevented C．preventing D．having prevented 4．Most of the money for the reconstruction of the quake-stricken town has been allocated by the government, the rest ______ from the coming charity concerts.A．to be collected B．having been collectedC．being collected D．to have been collected5．The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad2 more comfortable_______.A．held B．holding C．be held D．to hold6．Premier Li Keqiang officially ______ the plan to develop the Bay Area in his government work report delivered at the start of the National People’s Congress session in March.A．laid out B．laid offC．laid down D．laid up7．________ work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress is deeply rooted in our social values.A．How B．WhetherC．That D．Why8．The athletes, especially the winners, should remain modest ________ rapid progress they have made.A．whatever B．howeverC．how much D．no matter9．I really don’t know _________ she gets by on such a modest salary.A．what B．whyC．how D．that10．Efforts will be made to______ new teaching mo dels to exploit the students’ potential. A．accelerate B．innovateC．differentiate D．compile11．Peter has previous experience, ______ I think he’s the right person for the job. A．or B．butC．for D．so12．____________ you are familiar with the autho r’s ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as you possible can.A．Now that B．Ever sinceC．So that D．In case13．It gives us great delight ______ Chinese science fictions are becoming increasingly popular.A．how B．whatC．that D．why14．－Did Tom go back late last night?—No. It was just nine o'clock he arrived home.A．when B．after C．until D．that 15．“Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a product-making factory into a product-making power, ______________ driven by innovation and emphasizing quality over quantity.A．the one that B．one thatC．one D．the one16．Anyway, we’re here now, so let’s ___________ some serious work.A．come up with B．get down toC．do away with D．live up to17．The Lifelong Learning Programme ________ to enable people to take part in learning experiences has taken off across Europe.A．having been designed B．being designedC．designed D．designing18．You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________. A．purpose B．reference C．memory D．assessment19．The accident have been caused by a dog running across the road, but we don’t know for sure.A．might B．shouldC．will D．must20．---What’s wrong with your cell phone? I can’t get through.--- Oh, my line was cut off because I ________ my bill.A．haven’t paid B．hadn’t paid C．wasn’t paying D．don’t pay第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）In recent years, China has witnessed the growth of luxury (奢侈品) brands. In this mark et, Chinese consumers are now the largest spenders. It’s clear that a new generation of young, materialistic people is increasingly relying on luxury brands to improve its self-image.I am a fashionist too, at least in spirit—I love to look at clothes and shoes. But I don’t understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels.When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that’s a scary thing.What’s interesting is that scientists have found that having luxury things doesn’t lead to happiness.Study after study has shown that although we want material things, when we get them we don’t suddenly become “happy” people. In fact, a series of studies by Leaf Van Boven at the University of Colorado, US, has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things. That’s because experiences are more easily combined with a person’s identity. If I travel to Yunnan, that adventure affects how I think in the future. My memories become a part of me.Moreover, as Van Boven has observed, young people who pursue happiness through “things” are liked less by their peers. People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.It’s natural to want to express your self through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn’t tied to a designer label. Convey your own message. Take somelessons from the late Apple co-founder Steve Jobs. He was always in Levis jeans and a black turtleneck. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, routinely appears in hoodies and sneakers. These people, successful people, have style. You don’t have to break the bank to send a message about who you are.Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.1、What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?A．The author enjoys buying luxury brands herself.B．The author agrees to spend money on material things.C．The author is critical of youths tying their looks to designer labels.D．The author finds it natural for fashionists to follow fashion trends.2、Leaf Van Boven’s studies showed that ________.A．traveling changes a person’s identity greatlyB．people dislike those who love luxuriesC．experiences can bring people more happiness than luxuriesD．luxuries have a negative effect on people’s happiness3、What is the author’s advice on expressing oneself?A．Be selective about designer labels.B．Create your own personal unique style.C．Choose styles that are simple and comfortable.D．Try styl es like Mark Zuckerberg’s.4、The main purpose of the article is to ______.A．persuade readers to invest in experiences instead of luxuriesB．prove how luxury leads to an unpleasant lifeC．tell how to express yourself through appearancesD．report on a series of studies about luxuries and happiness22．（8分）According a recent report in New Scientist, a breakthrough birth occurred under the radar some five months ago. With the help of John Zhang from the New Hope Fertility Center in New York City, a Jordanian couple gave birth to a child with one more than two genetic parents.So-called three-parent babies actually have more like 2.001 parents, according to experts. And the baby boy born earlier this year isn’t the first child to have a little moreDNA than Mom and Dad could provide on their own. An IVF technique that relied on small transfers of donors’ DNA was pioneered in the United States during the 1990s but was banned after fewer than 100 babies were born.This Jordanian newborn represents the first successful birth in a new wave of “three-parent” techniques—ones that are more sophisticated and that will likely stick around much longer.For now, there is no country where the method used to give birth to the baby boy is really legal. Zhang performed the procedure in Mexico, where, he told New Scientists, “There are no rules.”These techniques involve the transfer of mitochondrial（线粒体的）DNA or mtDNA．Often called the “power plants” of the cell, the mitochondria transform energy from food into energy that can power a cell. When someone’s mitochondria don’t function properly, it’s b ad news indeed for cells. Mitochondrial diseases can cause a whole host of life-threatening problems, and it’s estimated that as many as 4,000 children are born with such conditions in the United States each year. In this case, the couple had lost two children at young ages due to Leigh syndrome, a neurological disorder caused by a mutation（变异）in the mother’s mitochondrial DNA．1、Why do experts call the baby boy a three-parent baby?A．Because his father has married two women.B．Because his DNA is from three donors.C．Because he has DNA from his parents and a donor.D．Because his mother gave birth to him with the help of Zhang.2、The underlined word “sophisticated” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to“________”.A．developed B．importantC．specific D．expensive3、Why did the Jordanian couple lose two children?A．The mother suffered from many diseases.B．The mother couldn’t get enough energy.C．The mother’s body function couldn’t work properly.D．The mother had the disease caused by a mutation in mtDNA．4、What can be inferred form the text?A．The IVF technique was used around the world during the 1990s. B．Mitochondrial diseases can be transferred from mothers to babies.C．The baby boy was born in Jordan five months ago.D．Fathers’ mitochondrial diseases can’t affect young babies.23．（8分）30 November 2017,Serbian tennis player Novak Djokovic defeated Scottish Andy Murray 6-1, 7-5,7-6in the Australian Open 2017 final to win the Grand Slam event (大满贯) for the sixth time. Murray has lost five Australian Open finals, facing Djokovic in all but one of them.Djokovic dominated the first set, winning 6-1 in just half an hour. He served seven aces (得分的发球) in total in the match. Murray fought back in the second set, which went up to twelve games lasting for 80 minutes. It was the longest set and Murray had nine aces, twelve in total for the match. Djokovic had 41 unforced errors, compared to Murray’s 65.The third set lasted for 63 minutes and at 6-6 it went to a tie breaker, which Djokovic won 7--3, to win the eleventh Grand Slam title of his career.Djokovic has now equalled the record of Roy Emerson winning six Australian Opens. Djokovic after the match said,” Andy, you are a great champion and friend. I’m sure you’ll have more opportunities to fight for this trophy”. Murray congratulated Djokovic, saying “I feel like I’ve been here before. Congratulations, Novak. Six Australian Opens is an incredible feat(业绩). The last year has been incredible. Good job.” He also left a message for his wife Kim Sears, “I’ll be on the next flight home.” The couple is expecting a baby.Yesterday, Jamie Murray, Andy Murray’s elder brother，won the Australian Open Men’s doubles with Bruno Soares. Andy Murray was there in the audience, recording his brothers speech, to which Jamie said, “Andy, you should be in bed!”1、On 30 November 2017 Djokovic beat Murray for the ________ time, and won Australian Open Final 2017.A．5th B．6thC．4th D．11th2、According to the news report, which of the following statements is true?A．It was a piece of cake for Djokovic to win the 2nd set.B．Djokovic and Murray quite admired each other.C．Djokovic became the 1st to win six Australian Opens.D．Murray couldn’t wait to go back to his wife because she just gave birth to a baby. 3、According to the passage , Murray is most probably considered to be ________. A．friendly and considerate B．selfless but dishonestC．unconfident but modest D．prideful and out - going24．（8分）Researchers at the University of York in England published their findings on facial recognition that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces.There have been many studies recently on facial recognition technology. But the authors of this study say theirs is the first time that scientists have been able to put a number to the abilities of humans to recognize faces. Rob Jenkins, leader of the research, said the researchers’ study centered on “the number of faces people actually know.” and were not able to discover whether there is a “limit on how many faces the brain can handle.”Jenkins said the ability to te ll individual people apart is “clearly important.” In today’s modern world of big cities, we meet and deal with thousands of people. The study suggests our facial recognition abilities help us to deal with the many different faces we see on the screens, as well as those we know. The results of the study give a baseline for comparing the “facial vocabulary” of humans with facial recognition software.Today, facial recognition technology is used in many ways, including by law enforcement agencies to prevent crime and violence. Governments use it to keep secret areas secure and, in extreme cases, control populations. Some governments use the software to watch people and find out where they go and what they do. Even Facebook uses facial recognition. For example, when you name a friend, Facebook technology may recognize the person’s face from a different picture you had shared before.For the human study, people spent one hour writing down as many faces from their personal lives as possible. At first, they found it easy to come up with many faces. But by the end of the hour, they found it harder to think of new ones. Their change in speed let the researchers estimate when they would have run out of faces completely. 1,000 to 10,000 faces remembered. People who took part in the study were also shown thousands of photographs of famous people. Researchers asked them which ones they recognized.To make sure they knew these people, researchers required them to recognize two different photos of each famous person. The results showed that the participants knew between 1,000 and 10,000 faces.How do they explain such a wide range? Jenkins said one explanation may be that some people have a natural ability for remembering faces. “There are differences in how much attention pe ople pay to faces and how well they process the information.” Also it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So, they may have had more social contact throughout their lives.Researchers t hink age may be an interesting area for further research. “It would be interesting to see whether there is a peak age for the number of faces we know”, Jenkins said. He said it is possible that we gather more faces throughout our lifetime. But, he added, there also may be an age at which we start to find it harder to remember all of those faces.1、What can we learn from the research?A．People can remember up to 5,000 faces averagely.B．People can write down up to 10,000 faces quickly.C．There is a limit to the number of faces a person can remember.D．There is a peak age for the number of faces a person can remember.2、The scientists carried out the research aiming to ______.A．be the first to number the faces people can rememberB．help people recognize many different facesC．improve people’s facial vocabularyD．develop facial recognition software3、Facial recognition technology is used by governments to ________.A．predict and prevent crime B．track and monitor peopleC．name a friend on Facebook D．control populations in secret areas 4、In Jenkins’ opinion, what may contribute to people’s different faci al vocabulary? A．Growing conditions. B．Natural environment.C．Personal experience. D．Information technology.25．（10分）After nearly half a century behind the wheel, Hisao Matsumoto, 85, is not ready to stop driving. “I’m not that old yet,” he says. “I still have 15 more years togo till I reach 100.” Mr. Matsumoto is one of more than 5 million drivers aged 75 or older. A million more will be on the roads by 2021. Worried, the police are trying to persuade many of them out of driving, because over-75s are twice as likely to cause a fatal accident as younger drivers, according to the National Police Agency (NPA).Nearly half of older drivers who caused fatal accidents had signs of cognitive impairment (认知障碍). Hundreds of older drivers turn the wrong way into motor ways every year. In January an 85-year-old man steered his vehicle into oncoming traffic on a country road, hitting a car and two schoolgirls. Police believe he mistook the accelerator for the brake. The man’s family said he had rejected their requests to hand over his keys many times.Such stubbornness is common, notes Kazunori Iwakoshi, who heads an NGO that supports elderly drivers. Many drivers argue that they have never had an accident and it is unfair to do that, so they resent themselves being cast aside.Since last March over-75s renewing their licenses must take cognitive tests to screen for dementia (老年痴呆). The NPA expects these changes to take 15,000 drivers off the road each year. Last year more than 250,000 over-75s gave up their licenses after their families’ constant stream of persuasion, says Mr. Iwakoshi. His organization publishes a check list for elderly drivers, aimed at getting them to assess their responses themselves.Mr. Matsumoto is lucky. His city gives pensioners unlimited access to public transport. However, thousands of elderly people are stuck in rural communities with no buses.1、Why do the police try to persuade elderly drivers to stop driving?A．To encourage younger drivers to drive safely.B．To reduce the number of deadly accidents.C．To introduce the National Police Agency.D．To stress the significance of safe driving.2、Which word is cl osest in meaning to the underlined word “resent” in paragraph 3? A．resemble B．supportC．injure D．dislike3、What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A．Tests to assess elderly drivers’ responses.B．Families’ contributions to traffic safety.C．Ways to renew licenses for elderly drivers.D．Measures to control the number of elderly drivers.4、What is implied about the restriction to elderly drivers in the last paragraph?A．It can cause some new problems.B．It is popular among elderly drivers.C．It will do elderly drivers more harm than good.D．It brings about easy access to public transport.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）We all admit that modern technology has taken over our lives, for good of course. Young people celebrate the fast speed 1 can move at. But there is a group of people who cannot 2 .It is the group of people who are caught up between traditional and 3 society, not exactly old and 4 change, but trying very hard to become modernized, ending up being 5 in the middle. They are 40 to 60 years old and6 the latest iPhone or Samsung phone. They buy an iPad just7 they can afford to, and to play the same games on a larger screen.They are almost 8 the teenagers five years ago, 9 on their phones playing a game or using social media. They’re everywhere. And I saw something today that made me extremely 10 .On a train, a mother was 11 playing a Candy Crush-like game. Her daughter was sitting beside her. The little girl, about five years old, was talking to her mother about her day, shouting the next stop’s name cheerily-obviously desperate attempts to get her mother’s 12 .The mother? All she did was nod and say the occasional “mmhm”. With her eyes on the 13 , she concentrated on completing the level. I watched the girl make a final 14 to get her mom to look at her, and when she had 15 , she sighed and fell silent, defeated.It broke my heart, and got me 16 —what kind of game can make you17 that you have the most beautiful thing in the world, a person you love with all your heart? What does it 18 when you won’t even look into her eyes or listen to her?The scene was so familiar years ago when parents 19 that their childrenwere too interested in their mobile devices. Look how the tables have turned now. I’m 20 whether to laugh or to cry. But all I can do now is hope that this storm passes.1、A．tradition B．challenge C．technology D．knowledge2、A．make up B．keep up C．turn up D．fix up3、A．stressful B．complicated C．developing D．modern4、A．resisting B．accepting C．expecting D．considering5、A．lost B．stuck C．set D．involved6、A．own B．sell C．pick D．bring7、A．since B．when C．until D．because8、A．among B．like C．with D．beyond9、A．seldom B．never C．always D．ever10、A．sad B．happy C．confused D．curious11、A．tired of B．good at C．focusing on D．used to12、A．advice B．attention C．support D．reward13、A．window B．girl C．book D．screen14、A．talk B．sigh C．attempt D．practice15、A．failed B．stopped C．spoken D．done16、A．working B．realizing C．learning D．wondering17、A．forget B．feel C．imagine D．recognize18、A．change B．mean C．prove D．explain19、A．admitted B．decided C．complained D．questioned20、A．uncertain B．uninterested C．afraid D．serious第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。