外语教学心理学复习题汇编
外语教学心理学试题答案
外语教学心理学试题答案外语教学心理学是研究外语教学过程中的心理现象和规律的科学。
它涉及到外语学习者的认知发展、情感态度、学习策略、动机以及教师的教学方法和心理因素等多个方面。
以下是外语教学心理学试题的答案：1. 外语学习者的认知发展阶段包括感知运动阶段、前运算阶段、具体运算阶段和形式运算阶段。
在感知运动阶段，学习者通过感官体验和动作来认识世界。
前运算阶段，学习者开始使用语言和符号，但思维仍以直观为主。
具体运算阶段，学习者能够进行逻辑思考，但仅限于具体情境。
形式运算阶段，学习者能够进行抽象思维和假设推理。
2. 外语学习者的情感态度对学习效果有重要影响。
积极的情感态度如自信心、学习兴趣和动机可以促进学习，而消极的情感态度如焦虑、恐惧和厌恶则可能阻碍学习。
3. 学习策略是学习者为了提高学习效率而采取的行动和步骤。
有效的学习策略包括认知策略（如组织信息、使用记忆技巧）、元认知策略（如自我监控、自我调节）和社交策略（如合作学习、寻求帮助）。
4. 动机是推动学习者进行学习活动的内在或外在因素。
内在动机如兴趣、好奇心和自我实现可以激发学习者的持久学习动力，而外在动机如奖励、惩罚和社会压力可能只产生短期效果。
5. 教师的教学方法和心理因素对外语教学效果有直接影响。
有效的教学方法包括直接法、听说法、交际法和任务型教学法等。
教师的心理因素如教学态度、自我效能感和情感智力也会影响教学效果。
6. 外语教学心理学的研究方法包括实验法、观察法、调查法和案例研究法等。
这些方法可以帮助研究者深入了解外语教学过程中的心理现象和规律。
7. 外语教学心理学的主要理论包括行为主义理论、认知主义理论、建构主义理论和社会文化理论等。
这些理论从不同角度解释了外语学习的心理过程和影响因素。
8. 外语教学心理学在实际教学中的应用包括设计合理的教学目标、选择有效的教学方法、评估学习者的认知发展和情感态度、培养学习者的自主学习能力和合作精神等。
9. 外语教学心理学的发展趋势包括跨学科研究、实证研究和应用研究等。
外语教学心理学试题
外语教学心理学试题一、选择题1. 外语教学中，学习者的认知风格对其学习效果有重要影响。
以下哪种认知风格被认为是“场独立性”？A. 学习者偏好通过内在动机驱动学习B. 学习者倾向于依赖外部反馈和指导C. 学习者喜欢通过直观和感觉进行学习D. 学习者偏好通过逻辑和分析处理信息2. 根据Vygotsky的社会文化理论，以下哪个概念最能够描述学习者通过更有知识的他人的帮助达到更高学习水平的过程？A. 认知冲突B. 近端发展C. 远端发展D. 独立发展3. Gardner的多元智能理论中，认为人类有多种类型的智能，以下哪项不是他提出的智能类型之一？A. 音乐智能B. 逻辑数学智能C. 人际交往智能D. 自然观察智能4. 在外语教学中，学习者的动机可以分为内在动机和外在动机。
以下哪种动机属于内在动机？A. 为了获得家长的赞扬而学习外语B. 为了通过考试而学习外语C. 因为对外语文化感兴趣而学习外语D. 为了将来找工作而学习外语5. Krashen的输入假说理论中，提倡学习者接收到的语言输入应该略高于他们当前的语言水平，这种输入被称为：A. 基础面输入B. 可理解输入C. 过度输入D. 优化输入二、填空题6. 在外语教学中，__________是指学习者在学习过程中产生的焦虑感，这种焦虑可能来源于对语言能力的不自信、对失败的恐惧或是对评价的担忧。
7. __________理论认为，学习者通过模仿、练习和重复来掌握语言结构，这种理论强调了语言形式的准确性。
8. 根据__________理论，学习者在语言习得过程中，会经历从全球理解到细节理解的逐步调整过程。
9. 在外语教学中，__________是指教师根据学习者的具体情况和需求，调整教学策略和方法，以提高教学效果。
10. __________是一种以学习者为中心的教学方法，强调通过真实情境中的交流和互动来促进语言学习。
三、简答题11. 描述认知主义在外语教学中的应用及其对学习者的影响。
(完整版)心理学专业英语复习资料
心理学专业英语复习资料I. Translate the Following English Phrases into Chinese1. Research Methods 研究方法2. Psychophysics 心理物理学3. Theories of Learning 学习理论4. Social Cognition 社会认知5．Personality Test 人格测试6. Extraneous Variable 无关变量7. Longitudinal Study 纵向研究8. Crystallized Intelligence 晶体智力9. Motor control 运动控制10. Corpus Callosum 胼胝体11. Group Thinking 群体思维12. Social Loafing 社会懈怠13. Social Exchange 社会交换14. Social Approval 社会赞许15. Diffusion of Responsibility 责任分散16. Recency Effec 近因效应17．Trace Decay 痕迹消退18. Retrograde Amnesia 倒摄遗忘19. Social Support 社会支持20. Self-efficacy 自我效能21. Case Study 个案研究II. Translate the Following Chinese Word Groups into English1. 机能主义functionalism2. 自我实现self—actualization3．一般规律研究法nomothetic method4. 分层抽样stratified sampling5. 外在信度external reliability6. 选择性注意selective attention7. 知觉恒常性perceptual constancy8. 自我概念self concept9. 液体智力fluid intelligence10. 安全型依恋secure attachment11. 性别图示gender schema12. 亲社会行为pro social behavior13. 从众实验conformity experiment14. 头脑风暴brain storming15. 社会助长social facilitation16. 旁观者效应bystander effect17. 标准差standard deviation18. 柱状图bar chart19. 正态分布normal distribution20. 临界值critical value21. 知觉适应perceptual adaptationIII. Multiple Choices1. Like Carl Rogers, I believe people choose to live more creative and meaningful lives. My name isa. Wertheimer.b. Washburn.c. Skinner.d. Maslow.2. The goals of psychology are toa. develop effective methods of psychotherapy.b. describe, predict, understand, and control behavior.c. explain the functioning of the human mind.d. compare, analyze, and control human behavior.3. The "father" of psychology and founder of the first psychological laboratory wasa. Wilhelm Wundt.b. Sigmund Freud.c. John B. Watson.d. B. F. Skinner.4. You see a psychologist and tell her that you are feeling depressed. She talks to you about the goals you have for yourself, about your image of yourself, and about the choices that you make in your life and that you could make in your life. This psychologist would probably belong to the __________ school of psychology.a. humanisticb. psychodynamicc. behavioristicd. Gestalt5. Biopsychologistsa. limit the scope of their study to animals.b. are concerned with self-actualization and free will.c. stress the unconscious aspect of behavior.d. attempt to explain behavior in terms of biological or physical mechanisms.6. In a study of effects of alcohol on driving ability, the control group should be givena. a high dosage of alcohol.b. one-half the dosage given the experimental group.c. a driving test before and after drinking alcohol.d. no alcohol at all.7.The phrase "a theory must also be falsifiable" meansa. researchers misrepresent their data.b. a theory must be defined so it can be disconfirmed.c. theories are a rich array of observations regarding behavior but with few facts to support them.d. nothing.8. A common method for selecting representative samples is to select thema. randomly from the larger population.b. strictly from volunteers.c. by threatening or coercing institutionalized populations.d. from confidential lists of mail order firms.9. The chief function of the control group in an experiment is that ita. allows mathematical relationships to be established.b. provides a point of reference against which the behavior of the experimental group can be compared.c. balances the experiment to eliminate all extraneous variables.d. is not really necessary.10. Which of the following best describes a double-blind experimental procedure?a. All subjects get the experimental procedure.b. Half the subjects get the experimental procedure, half the placebo; which they receive is known only to the experimenter.c. Half the subjects get the experimental procedure, half the placebo; which they receive is not known to subjects or experimenters.d. All subjects get the control procedure.11. A simple experiment has two groups of subjects calleda. the dependent group and the independent group.b. the extraneous group and the independent group.c. the before group and the after group.d. the control group and the experimental group.12. One of the limitations of the survey method isa. observer bias.b. that it sets up an artificial situation.c. that replies may not be accurate.d. the self-fulfilling prophecy.13. To replicate an experiment means toa. use control groups and experimental groups.b. use statistics to determine the effect of chance.c. control for the effects of extraneous variables.d. repeat the experiment using either identical or improved research methods.14. Information picked up by the body's receptor cells is termeda. cognitionb. perception.c. adaptation.d. sensation.15. The incoming flow of information from our sensory systems is referred to asa. sensation.b. perception.c. adaptation.d. cognition.16. A researcher presents two lights of varying brightness to a subject who is asked to respond "same" or "different" by comparing their intensities. The researcher is seeking thea. just noticeable difference.b. absolute threshold.c. subliminal threshold.d. minimal threshold.17. Film is to camera as __________ is to eye.a. retinab. irisc. lensd. pupil18. Black and white vision with greatest sensitivity under low levels of illumination describes the function ofa. the cones.b. the visual pigments.c. the rods.d. the phosphenes.19. Unpleasant stimuli may raise the threshold for recognition. This phenomenon is calleda. aversive stimulation.b. absolute threshold.c. perceptual defense.d. unconscious guard.20. When infants are placed in the middle of a visual cliff, they usuallya. remain still.b. move to the shallow side of the apparatus.c. move to the deep side of the apparatus.d. approach their mothers when called, whether that requires moving to the shallow or deep side.21.The fact that objects that are near each other tend to be grouped together is known asa. closure.b. continuation.c. similarity.d. nearness.22. An ability to "read" another person's mind is termeda. clairvoyance.b. telepathy.c. precognition.d. psychokinesis.23. The fact that infants will often crawl off tables or beds shows thata. depth perception is completely learned.b. human depth perception emerges at about 4 months of age.c. integration of depth perception with motor skills has not yet been accomplished.d. depth perception is completely innate.24. Sensations are organized into meaningful perceptions bya. perceptual constancies.b. localization of meaning.c. perceptual grouping (Gestalt) principles.d. sensory adaptation.25. The analysis of information starting with features and building into a complete perception is known asa. perceptual expectancy.b. top-down processing.c. bottom-up processing.d. Gregory's phenomenon.26.One recommended way for parents to handle problems of occasional bed wetting in children is toa. limit the amount of water they drink in the evening.b. punish them for "wet" nights.c. wake them up during the night to use the toilet.d. consider medication or psychotherapy.27. Teachers, peers, and adults outside the home become important in shaping attitudes toward oneself in Erikson's stage ofa. trust versus mistrust.b. initiative versus guilt.c. industry versus inferiority.d. integrity versus despair.28. With aging there is a decline of __________ intelligence, but not of __________ intelligence.a. fluid; fixedb. fixed; fluidc. fluid; crystallizedd. crystallized; fluid29. The single most important thing you might do for a dying person is toa. avoid disturbing that person by not mentioning death.b. allow that person to talk about death with you.c. tell that person about the stages of dying.d. keep your visits short and infrequent in order to avoid tiring that person.30. The five-factor model of personality includesa. social interactionism.b. neuroticism.c. agreeableness.d. sense of humor.31. An adjective checklist would most likely be used by aa. psychodynamic therapist.b. behaviorist.c. humanistic therapist.d. trait theorist.32. Jung believed that there are basic universal concepts in all people regardless of culture calleda. persona.b. collective consciousness.c. archetypes.d. mandalas.33. Behaviorists are to the external environment as humanists are toa. stress.b. personal growth.c. humankind.d. internal conflicts.34. Self-actualization refers toa. a tendency that causes human personality problems.b. what it is that makes certain men and women famous.c. anyone who is making full use of his or her potentials.d. the requirements necessary for becoming famous, academically distinguished, or rich.35. If you were asked to describe the personality of your best friend, and you said she was optimistic, reserved, and friendly, you would be using the __________ approach.a. psychodynamicb. analyticalc. humanisticd. trait36. The halo effect refers toa. the technique in which the frequency of various behaviors is recorded.b. the use of ambiguous or unstructured stimuli.c. the process of admitting experience into consciousness.d. the tendency to generalize a favorable or unfavorable first impression to unrelated details of personality.37.A truck gets stuck under a bridge. Several tow-trucks are unable to pull it out. At last a little boy walks up and asks the red-faced adults trying to free the truck why they haven't let the air out of the truck's tires. Their oversight was due toa. divergent thinking.b. cognitive style.c. synesthesia.d. fixation.38. __________ thinking goes from specific facts to general principles.a. Deductiveb. Inductivec. Divergentd. Convergent39. In most anxiety disorders, the person's distress isa. focused on a specific situation.b. related to ordinary life stresses.c. greatly out of proportion to the situation.d. based on a physical cause.40. The antisocial personalitya. avoids other people as much as possible.b. is relatively easy to treat effectively by psychotherapy.c. tends to be selfish and lacking remorse.d. usually gives a bad first impression.41. One who is quite concerned with orderliness, perfectionism, and a rigid routine might be classified as a(n) __________ personality.a. histrionicb. obsessive-compulsivec. schizoidd. avoidant42.In psychoanalysis, patients avoid talking about certain subjects. This is calleda. avoidance.b. transference.c. analysis.d. resistance.43. In psychoanalysis, an emotional attachment to the therapist that symbolically represents other important relationships is calleda. resistance.b. transference.c. identification.d. empathy.44. In aversion therapy a person __________ to associate a strong aversion with an undesirable habit.a. knowsb. learnsc. wantsd. hopes45. Behavior modification involvesa. applying non-directive techniques such as unconditional positive regard to clients.b. psychoanalytic approaches to specific behavior disturbances.c. the use of learning principles to change behavior.d. the use of insight therapy to change upsetting thoughts and beliefs.46. A cognitive therapist is concerned primarily with helping clients change theira. thinking patterns.b. behaviors.c. life-styles.d. habits.47.__________ is best known for his research on conformity.a. Aschb. Rubinc. Schachterd. Zimbardo48. Solomon Asch's classic experiment (in which subjects judged a standard line and comparison lines) was arranged to test the limits ofa. social perception.b. indoctrination.c. coercive power.d. conformity.49. Aggression is best defined asa. hostility.b. anger.c. any action carried out with the intent of harming another person.d. none of these50. Which of the following is the longest stage of grieving for most people?a. shockb. angerc. depressiond. agitation51. Which of the following is NOT part of the definition of psychology?A) scienceB) therapyC) behaviorD) mental process52．The term psychopathology refers toA) the study of psychology.B) study of psychological disorders.C) the distinction between psychologists and psychiatrists.D) the focus of counseling psychology.53. In which area of psychology would a researcher interested in how individuals persist to attain a difficult goal (like graduating from college) most likely specialize?A) motivation and emotionB) physiological psychologyC) social psychologyD) community psychology54. A psychologist who focused on the ways in which people's family background related to their current functioning would be associated with which psychological approach?A) the behavioral approachB) the psychodynamic approachC) the humanistic approachD) the cognitive approach55. The researcher most associated with functionalism isA) William James.B) Wilhelm Wundt.C) Charles Darwin.D) E. B. Titchener.56. A psychologist is attempting to understand why certain physical characteristics are rated as attractive. The psychologist explains that certain characteristics have been historically adaptive, and thus are considered attractive. This explanation is consistent with which of the following approaches?A) the sociocultural approachB) the humanistic approachC) the cognitive approachD) the evolutionary approach57. Which approach would explain depression in terms of disordered thinking?A) the humanistic approachB) the evolutionary approachC) the cognitive approachD) the sociocultural approach58. Which of the following would a sociocultural psychologist be likely to study?A) the impact of media messages on women's body imageB) the way in which neurotransmitters are implicated in the development of eating disordersC) the impact of thinking patterns on weight managementD) the benefits of exercise in preventing obesity59. Why is psychology considered a science?A) It focuses on internal mental processes.B) It classifies mental disorders.C) It focuses on observation, drawing conclusions, and prediction.D) It focuses on behavior.60. Why is it important to study positive psychology?A) Psychologists are only interested in the experiences of healthy persons.B) We get a fuller understanding of human experience by focusing on both positive and negativeaspects of life.C) Negative experiences in people's lives tell us little about people's mental processes.D) Psychology has been too focused on the negativeIV. Blank filling1.The perspective that focuses on how perception is organized is called psychology.2.A(n) is a broad explanation and prediction concerning a phenomenon of interest.3.The variable is expected to change as a result of the experimenter's manipulation.4.Bill refuses to leave his house because he knows spiders live outside. Bill is most clearlysuffering from a .5.Learned _______ may develop when a person is repeatedly exposed to negative events overwhich he/she has no control.6.Troublesome thoughts that cause a person to engage in ritualistic behaviors are called________.7.Psychologists consider deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressful behaviors to be______.8.Ken is impulsive, reckless, and shows no remorse when he hurts other people. He is often introuble with the law. Kevin is most likely to be diagnosed with _______ personality disorder.9.The researcher known as the "father of modern psychology" was Wilhelm _______.10.Asking someone to think about their conscious experience while listening to poetry wouldbe an example of _______.11.The field of psychology that is interested in workplace behavior is called Industrial and___________ psychology.12.________ is a statistic that measures the strength of the relationship between two variables.13.In a set of data, the number that occurs most often is called the ______.14.In a set of data, the average score is called the _______.15.A study that collects data from participants over a period of time is known as a(n) ______.16.The variable that a researcher manipulates is called the _______ variable.17._______statistics are used to test a hypothesis.18.A mental framework for how a person will think about something is called a ______.19.Rapid skeletal and sexual development that begins to occur around ages nine to eleven iscalled _______.20.A generalization about a group that does not take into account differences among membersof that group is called a(n) ________.21.Feeling the same way as another, or putting yourself in someone else's shoes, is called______.22.Feelings or opinions about people, objects, and ideas are called _______.23.When you saw a movie in a crowded theater you found yourself laughing out loud witheveryone else. When you saw it at home, though, you still found it funny but didn't laugh as much. This is an example of ________ contagion.24.When Carlos first sat next to Brenda in class he didn't think much of her. After sitting nextto her every day for a month he really likes her. This is best explained by the ________ effect.V．True or false (10 points, 1 point each)1 Positive psychology is not interested in the negative things that happen in people's lives.A) True2 The behavioral approach is interested in the ways that individuals from different cultures behave.A) TrueB) False3. Developmental psychologists focus solely on the development of children.A) TrueB) False4. Psychologists study behavior and mental processes.A) TrueB) False5. Meta-analysis examines many studies to draw a conclusion about an effect.A) TrueB) False6. The 50th percentile is the same as the median.A) TrueB) False7. The standard deviation is a measure of central tendency.A) TrueB) False8. Variables can only have one operational definition.A) TrueB) False9. The scores for 5 participants are 3, 2, 6, 3, and 7. The range is 4.A) TrueB) False10. In correlational research, variables are not manipulated by the researcher.A) TrueB) False11. The placebo effect refers to experimenter bias influencing the behavior of participants.A) TrueB) FalseCarol and Armando work together, go to school together, and socialize together. Carol notices that Armando is always on time to work and class and is never late when they make plans. One day, Armando is late to class. It is likely that Carol would make an external attribution about Armando's lateness.A) TrueB) False12. Violence in movies and television has no effect on people's levels of aggression.A) TrueB) False13. Rioting behavior is usually understood to occur because of groupthink.A) TrueB) False14. Small groups are more prone to social loafing than larger groups.A) TrueB) False15. Piaget believed that children were active participants in their cognitive development.A) True16 A strong ethnic identity helps to buffer the effects of discrimination on well-being.A) TrueB) False17. Older adults experience more positive emotions than younger adults.A) TrueB) False18. Harlow's research showed that infant monkeys preferred to spend time with the "mother" (wireor cloth) on which they were nursed.A) TrueB) False19. To help adolescents research their full potential, parents should be effective managers of theirchildren.A) TrueB) False20. Emerging adulthood is the period between 18 and 30 years of age.A) TrueB) False21. Health psychologists work only in mental health domains.A) TrueB) FalseVI. Essays questions (20 points, 10 points each)1. What is qualitative research interview?2. What is bystander effect? When is it most likely to occur? How can its effects be minimized?3. How important is fathering to children?。
心理学外国考试题及答案
心理学外国考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 心理学的主要研究对象是什么？A. 人类行为B. 人类心理活动C. 人类心理活动和行为D. 人类生理活动2. 下列哪项不是心理学的分支学科？A. 发展心理学B. 社会心理学C. 神经心理学D. 遗传学3. 弗洛伊德提出的心理学理论是：A. 行为主义B. 认知心理学C. 精神分析学D. 人本主义心理学4. 认知失调理论是由哪位心理学家提出的？A. 斯金纳B. 弗洛伊德C. 阿伦森D. 皮亚杰5. 下列哪个不是情绪的功能？A. 适应功能B. 组织功能C. 动机功能D. 遗传功能二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）6. 心理学的三大流派包括行为主义、认知主义和______。
7. 根据马斯洛的需求层次理论，最基本的需求是______需求。
8. 记忆的过程包括编码、存储和______。
9. 情绪智力理论的提出者是______。
10. 社会学习理论认为，人们通过______来学习行为。
三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）11. 简述什么是自我效能感，并说明它对个人行为的影响。
12. 解释什么是认知失调，并举例说明如何减少认知失调。
四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）13. 论述人本主义心理学的主要观点，并评价其对现代心理学的贡献。
14. 讨论弗洛伊德的精神分析理论对当代心理学的影响。
五、案例分析题（10分）15. 假设你是一名心理咨询师，面对一个因为工作压力而出现焦虑症状的客户，请你分析可能的原因，并提出相应的咨询策略。
答案一、选择题1. C2. D3. C4. C5. D二、填空题6. 人本主义心理学7. 生理8. 提取9. 戈尔曼10. 观察三、简答题11. 自我效能感是指个体对自己完成特定任务的能力的信心或信念。
它影响个人的行为选择、努力程度以及面对挑战时的坚持性。
具有高自我效能感的人更有可能采取行动，面对困难时也更不容易放弃。
12. 认知失调是指个体持有两个或多个相互矛盾的认知（信念、态度或行为）时所产生的心理不适。
英语教师专业考试、教育心理学考试等试题汇编 附答案
一.单项选择。
(共15小题，计30分)( )1. ---How much did you _______ on that woolen T-shirt ?---I _______ 80 yuan for it.A. cost, spendB. spend, paidC. pay, costD. take, cost( )2 ---You look _______ sad, Kate.--- Yeah, I have made mistakes in my report.A. a little, a fewB. little, fewC. a few, a littleD. a little, few.( ) 3. The _______ he is , the he feels.A. busily, happilyB. busy, happyC busier , happierD .more busy, more happy( ) 4.-----I don’t know . Can you help me ?-----I think you should calm down and read texts.A. how to doB. what to do it .C. what to doD. when to do( ) 5.I’d rather _____ at home than _______ to the movie on weekends .A. staying, goingB. to stay, to goC. stay, goD. stayed, went( )6. Not only I but also Tom and Jack _____ interested in English because it _____ useful.A. is, isB. is, areC. are, isD. are, are ( )7. I can’t go _____ because I have to go home at once.A. else anywhereB. anywhere elseC. else nowhereD. somewhere else( )8. Why does this woman decided _____ these places?A. not goB. doesn’t goC. not goingD. not to go( )9. Would you please help me _____ the picture on the wall?A. put upB. put onC. put intoD. put off( )10. Excuse me, could you _____ me your new dictionary?A. borrowB. keepC. lendD. take( )11.The box is ________ heavy ________ I can’t lift it.A. too, toB. so, thatC. very, thatD. too, that( )12. Tom has made many friends since he________ to China.A. cameB. comesC. has comeD. will come( )13.He gave up ______two years ago. That’s to say, he is a non-smoker now.A. smokeB. smokingC. to smokeD. smoked( )14.Do you need ________ to read on the train?A. special anythingB. any special thingC. anything speciallyD. anything special( )15. The children were made ____ homework first.A. doB. to doC. didD. doing二.完形填空(20分)Food is very important. Everyone needs to 16 well if he or she wants to have a strong body .Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is 17 . We begin to get knowledge even when we are very young. Small children are 18 in everything around them. They learn 19 while they are watching and listening. when they are gettingolder , they begin to 20 story books , science books … anything they like . When they find something new, they love to ask questions and 21 to find out the answers.What is the best 22 to get knowledge? If we learn 23 ourselves, we will get the most knowledge. If we are 24 getting answers from others and do not ask why, we will never learn well. When we study in the right way, we will learn more and understand 25 .( )16. A. sleep B. read C. drink D. eat( )17. A. start B. exercise C. knowledge D. meat( )18. A. interested B. interesting C. weak D. better( )19. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything( )20. A. lend B. read C. learn D. write( )21. A. try B. have C. think D. wait( )22. A. place B. name C. way D. news( )23. A. on B. with C. to D. by( )24. A. often B. always C. usually D. sometimes( )25 .A. harder B. much C. better D. well三.阅读理解。
心理学考试题及答案英文
心理学考试题及答案英文1. What is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes called?A. SociologyB. PsychologyC. BiologyD. AnthropologyAnswer: B2. According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which part of the mind is responsible for moral conscience and judgment?A. IdB. EgoC. SuperegoD. LibidoAnswer: C3. What is the term for the phenomenon where a person's behavior is influenced by the presence of others, even when they are not interacting?A. Social FacilitationB. GroupthinkC. DeindividuationD. Social LoafingAnswer: A4. Which of the following is not a stage in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?A. Trust vs. MistrustB. Industry vs. InferiorityC. Identity vs. Role ConfusionD. Self-Actualization vs. StagnationAnswer: D5. In the context of learning theory, what is the term for the process by which behavior is changed through the consequences that follow it?A. Classical ConditioningB. Operant ConditioningC. Social LearningD. Cognitive DissonanceAnswer: B6. What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where people tend to remember information that confirms their pre-existing beliefs or expectations?A. Confirmation BiasB. Availability HeuristicC. AnchoringD. Illusory CorrelationAnswer: A7. Which of the following is a characteristic of a Type A behavior pattern?A. Competitiveness and a sense of urgencyB. Relaxation and a laid-back attitudeC. Low levels of hostility and aggressionD. High levels of patience and toleranceAnswer: A8. What is the term for the process by which a person's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by their perception of the self?A. Self-Perception TheoryB. Self-Efficacy TheoryC. Self-Fulfilling ProphecyD. Social Identity TheoryAnswer: C9. Which of the following is not a component of the Big Five personality traits?A. OpennessB. ConscientiousnessC. Emotional StabilityD. AgreeablenessE. HumorAnswer: E10. What is the term for the tendency of people to attribute their own behavior to external factors, while attributing the same behavior in others to internal factors?A. Fundamental Attribution ErrorB. Self-Serving BiasC. Actor-Observer BiasD. Halo EffectAnswer: A。
外国心理学考试题及答案
外国心理学考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 心理学的主要研究对象是什么？A. 人类行为B. 人类心理过程C. 人类行为和心理过程D. 人类心理和生理过程2. 弗洛伊德的精神分析理论中，哪一部分代表潜意识？A. 自我B. 超我C. 本我D. 他我3. 认知心理学主要研究的是什么？A. 情绪B. 认知过程C. 社会行为D. 人格发展4. 以下哪个理论不属于学习理论？A. 经典条件作用B. 操作条件作用C. 观察学习D. 心理动力学5. 以下哪个术语与记忆有关？A. 感知B. 编码C. 动机D. 情绪6. 认知失调理论是由哪位心理学家提出的？A. 卡尔·罗杰斯B. 亚伯拉罕·马斯洛C. 莱昂·费斯汀格D. 阿尔伯特·班杜拉7. 以下哪项不是情绪的功能？A. 动机B. 适应C. 认知D. 沟通8. 什么是自我效能感？A. 个体对自己能力的信心B. 个体对他人能力的信心C. 个体对环境的适应能力D. 个体的自我意识9. 以下哪个是人格特质理论？A. 弗洛伊德的心理分析理论B. 荣格的分析心理学C. 艾森克的人格维度理论D. 斯金纳的行为主义理论10. 以下哪项不属于发展心理学的研究范畴？A. 认知发展B. 社会文化影响C. 道德发展D. 心理治疗答案：1-5 C C B B B；6-10 C D A C D二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 简述皮亚杰的认知发展阶段理论。
2. 解释什么是社会学习理论，并举例说明。
3. 描述情绪智力的五个主要领域。
三、论述题（每题25分，共50分）1. 论述弗洛伊德的心理发展阶段理论及其对现代心理学的影响。
2. 分析认知行为疗法的主要原理及其在治疗中的应用。
结束语：通过本次外国心理学考试题及答案的练习，希望能够帮助学生更好地理解心理学的基本概念、理论及其应用。
心理学是一门研究人类行为和心理过程的科学，它不仅有助于我们更好地理解自己和他人，还能在教育、医疗、法律等多个领域发挥重要作用。
外教心理学复习题
外语教学心理学复习题一（1-7章）一、选择题1.下列心理学家-------不属于行为主义。
A斯金纳 B布鲁纳 C 华生2.下列心理学家------不属于认知心理学派。
A 巴普洛夫 B皮亚杰 C布鲁纳3.乔姆斯基的转换生成语法以------为基础。
A 行为主义心理学B 认知心理学 C格式塔心理学4.社会观察学习理论的代表人物是-------- 。
A 斯金纳 B加涅 C 班杜拉5外语教学的听说法是建立在-------心理学基础之上的。
A行为主义 B 格式塔 C认知心理学6.奥苏泊尔倡导---------学习。
A 发现 B试误 C阐释7.语言的基本功能是------。
A 思维 B交际 C文化8.借助计算机模拟人类认知和行为活动的是-------理论。
A 行为主义 B信息加工 C格式塔9. 斯金纳的操作性学习指的是-------- 。
A. S-R B. R-S C.S-O-R10.以克拉申的习得理论为基础的外语教学法是-----。
A 自然法B直接法 C交际法二、填空题1. 行为主义心理学家桑代克认为，学习是一种不断尝试、错误的过程，这便是------式学习。
2. 在格式塔心理学里，人的心理具有“完形”即--------功能，如豁然开朗、恍然大悟。
3.根据皮亚杰的认知发展理论，当新信息与人的现有心理图式具有一致性并被纳入现有心理图式，这个过程叫-------；而当新信息与现有心理图式不一致时，须改变现有图式以便吸纳新信息，这个过程叫------。
4. 感觉是人脑对事物——的反映，而知觉是对事物的——反映。
5.感觉和知觉属于——认识。
言语感知属于——信号系统活动，而言语理解则是——信号系统活动。
6.在言语交际活动中，人们感知到的是——，理解到的是——。
7.从言语感知到理解是从语言的——结构到——结构的过程。
8.日常交际过程中，言语感知主要涉及——，——，——等感觉。
9.听觉的主观感受是——，——，和——，分别对应于声学上的——，——和——三个概念。
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外语教学心理学复习题一参考行为主义是美国现代心理学的主要流派之一，也是对西方心理学影响最大的流派之一。
行为主义的发展可以被区分为早期行为主义，新行为主义和新的新行为主义。
早期行为主义的代表人物以华生为首，新行为主义的主要代表人物则为斯金纳等，新的新行为主义则以班杜拉为代表。
行为主义者的主要人物(依据时间先后粗略的排列):罗意德·摩根（C. Lloyd Morgan）伊万·巴甫洛夫爱德华·桑代克约翰·华生爱德华·C·托尔曼（Edward C. Tolman）克拉克·L·赫尔（Clark L. Hull）J·R·坎特（J. R. Kantor）吉伯特·赖尔（Gilbert Ryle）伯尔赫斯·弗雷德里克·斯金纳认知心理学是心理学发展的结果，它与西方传统哲学也有一定联系。
其主要特点是强调知识的作用，认知心理学对知识的分类认为知识是决定人类行为的主要因素。
这个思想至少可以追溯到英国的经验主义哲学家如培根、洛克等人。
笛卡尔强调演绎法的作用，认知心理学重视假设演绎法。
康德的图式概念已成为认知心理学的一个主要概念。
认知心理学也继承了早期实验心理学的传统。
19世纪赫尔姆霍茨和东德斯提出的反应时研究法，今天是认知心理学家广泛采用的方法，并已有了新的发展。
冯特是现代实验心理学的奠基人，认知心理学对心理学的对象和方法的看法与他的观点很接近。
他认为心理学的对象是经验，是意识内容，方法是控制条件下的内省。
有些心理学家说，认知心理学又返回到冯特的意识心理学上去了，所不同的是方法更加可靠，更加精巧了。
詹姆斯关于两种记忆，即初级记忆和次级记忆的提法，今天已成为认知心理学关于记忆研究的基础。
格式塔心理学对认知心理学的影响很明显。
它以知觉和高级心理过程的研究著称，强调格式塔的组织、结构等原则，反对行为主义心理学把人看成是被动的刺激反应器。
这些观点对认知心理学有重大影响，如认知心理学把知觉定义为对感觉信息的组织和解释，强调信息加工的主动性等。
在方法上，格式塔心理学主张研究直接的生活经验，主张把直接的生活经验材料与实验资料结合起来，如重视观察者对自己知觉内容的直接描述，并把这个方法称为现象学方法。
这种观点，既不同于冯特和铁钦纳只承认经过严格训练的被试的内省，也不同于行为主义只重视实验室实验的做法，却与认知心理学的基本观点相一致。
认知心理学是反对行为主义的，但也受到它的一定影响。
认知心理学从行为主义那里接受了严格的实验方法、操作主义等。
近年来，认知心理学已不专注于内部心理过程的研究，也注意了行为的研究。
一般认为，人们使用从环境得来的信息，结合记忆内存储的东西，指导未来的行为，并塑造生活环境。
一、选择题1.下列心理学家-------不属于行为主义。
P18 A斯金纳P45B布鲁纳(结构主义) C 华生2.下列心理学家------不属于认知心理学派。
A 巴普洛夫P2 B皮亚杰P29 C 布鲁纳3.乔姆斯基的转换生成语法以------为基础。
P43A 行为主义心理学B 认知心理学C格式塔心理学D唯理主义4.社会观察学习理论的代表人物是--- 。
P33 A 斯金纳B加涅C班杜拉5外语教学的听说法是建立在-------心理学基础之上的。
P4A行为主义 B 格式塔C认知心理学6.奥苏泊尔倡导---------学习。
P32 A 发现B试误C阐释7.语言的基本功能是------。
A 思维B交际C文化8.借助计算机模拟人类认知和行为活动的是-------理论。
P26A 行为主义B信息加工C格式塔9. 斯金纳的操作性学习指的是--- P22 A. S-R（应答性行为）B.R-SC.S-O-R(o指的是有机体)10.以克拉申的习得理论为基础的外语教学法是-----。
P8A 自然法B直接法C交际法二、填空题1. 行为主义心理学家桑代克认为，学习是一种不断尝试、错误的过程，这便试误式学习。
P182. 在格式塔心理学里，人的心理具有“完形”即功能，如豁然开朗、恍然大悟。
P243.根据皮亚杰的认知发展理论，当新信息与人的现有心理图式具有一致性并被纳入现有心理图式，这个过程叫同化；而当新信息与现有心理图式不一致时，须改变现有图式以便吸纳新信息，这个过程叫调节。
(老师上课讲的)P314. 感觉是人脑对客观事物的个别属性的主观反映，而知觉是对事物的反映。
知觉是分析器对外界事物、现象的整体进行的直接反应，是脑形成整体性映象的认知过程。
P925.感觉和知觉属于感性认识。
P92言语感知属于第一信号系统活动，而言语理解则是第二信号系统活动。
P936.在言语交际活动中，人们感知到的是第一信号系统活动，P92理解到的是第二信号系统活动。
P937.从言语感知到理解是从语言的表层结构到底层结构的过程。
P948.日常交际过程中，言语感知主要涉及听觉、视觉、动觉等感觉。
P949.听觉的主观感受（体验）是音高，响度和音色，分别对应于声学上的频率，强度和振动三个概念。
10.在言语交际过程中，听觉感受到的韵律因素主要包括语调，重音和节奏。
P9811.在阅读过程中，一次注视所看到的词数叫作视觉幅度亦称周遭幅度，一次注视所理解的词数叫作认知幅度。
P10812.外语能力包括-------，---------和--------。
三、判断题1. 鹦鹉学舌属于认知学习。
2.电子游戏、程序教学基于斯金纳的操作性条件反射。
3.根据巴普洛夫关于连个信号系统的理论，外语学习（第二信号系统）需要通过母语（第一信号系统）来进行。
4.外语教学的视听法是建立在行为主义心理学基础之上的，并在一定程度上受到格式塔心理学的影响。
5.在Littlewood & Harmer看来，交际教学法是对传统教学方法的彻底否定。
6.奥苏伯尔的有意义学习指的是新学习的内容与我们已有的知识经验建立联系，指理解性学习而不是死记硬背的东西。
7.根据加涅学习条件理论，任何学习要想取得好的效果，必须具备适宜的内部和外部条件。
8.内部言语指的是自言自语。
9.内部言语是从深层结构转向表层结构的中间环节，发生在言语理解过程中。
10.言语理解是一个从表层结构到深层结构的译码过程，从词到句到段。
11.学习知识需要特别注重理解。
理解了的知识便于记忆，不需要复习。
12.知识可以通过理解和记忆来学习，技能需要通过模仿和练习获得。
13.外语教学的主要任务是让学生掌握语言知识。
14.语言知识可以通过教师讲解、课本学习、理解并记住来获得，而言语技能必须通过言语实践来掌握。
15.通过听、说、读、写等言语实践活动，既可以掌握语言知识又可以获得言语技能。
16.掌握语言知识和言语技能在途经与方法上有别。
所以，二者应该各自独立、分开教学。
17.阅读所耗的时间主要是注视的时间，因此缩短注视时间可以提高阅读速度。
18.影响注视时间的因素主要是读者对词汇以及材料内容的熟悉程度以及材料内容的难度等。
19.提高阅读速度的策略之一是对阅读材料进行组块。
20.言语动觉包括说话人身体各部分的运动。
四、名词解释1.图式2.发现学习3.观察学习4.有意义学习5.顿悟6.习得7.第一信号系统8.第二信号系统9. 词的表象10.内部言语11.知识12.技能13.词汇检索14.眼忆幅度五、简答题1.巴甫洛夫的经典性条件反射和斯金纳的操作性条件反射的主要区别？2.根据布鲁纳的观点，人通过哪些方式认识事物？这对外语教学有什么启示？3.一般情况下，学习外语需要经历哪几个步骤？4.在Littlewood & Harmer看来，交际教学法应该怎样合理运用？5.母语学习和第二语言（外语）学习有什么不同？6.克拉申认为，“i+1”为可理解语言输入。
这是为什么？7.在言语交际活动中，说话的音高和响度在一定程度上可以表达某些意义。
试举例说明。
8.在言语交际过程中，语调和重音是如何影响意义表达的？试举例说明。
9.言语知觉通常涉及哪些因素？10.外语言语技能的领会式、复用式和活用式掌握有什么区别？试举例说明。
11.在听力、阅读过程中，词、句、段的理解各受哪些因素的影响？五、论述题1.母语习得和二语（外语）学习有什么区别？这对二语（外语）教学有什么启示？2.什么是语感？哪些因素影响语感的形成？如何培养学生良好的外语语感？外语教学心理学复习题二一、选择题1. 学习外语提倡出声朗读，这是为了增强对语言材料的---------。
A 形象记忆B 情绪记忆C 运动记忆2.选择填空题主要涉及的是学习者记忆过程中的----------。
A识记B 再认C 再现3.在语法课上，老师先讲语法规则，再举例说明，这运用的是-------。
A演绎法B归纳法 C 类比法4.发音、书写主要涉及---------技能。
A 运动B智力C认知5.学习、发展运动技能主要运用--------方法。
A推理B发现C模仿6.新鲜的、不同寻常的刺激物总是能吸引人的注意力，这叫----------。
A随意注意B不随意注意C后随意注意7.在真正的交际过程中，人的注意力集中在言语--------上。
A内容/信息B语言形式C肢体语言8.我们在欣赏英文电影、歌曲时，不知不觉学习了大量的英语语言知识，这个过程叫-----。
A发现学习 B 归纳学习C习得9.听、说技能主要涉及---------。
A领会式掌握 B 复用式掌握C活用式掌握10.对于如”creative”抽象概念的词汇，揭示其词义宜采用-------方法。
A直观 B 上下文语境 C 翻译二、填空题1.短时记忆常通过-------，-------，--------编码处理进入长时记忆。
2.在若干物体中，我们很容易记住其中具有某种独特性的那个，这种现象叫做-----------。
3.词的感性基础指的是词具有一个----、-----、------觉结构。
4.语法有-----------和--------之分。
5.语法内容在外语课本上的比重和安排有多种框架模式。
现行新课程英语教材主要采用------------框架模式。
6.阅读过程主要包括--------和--------两个阶段。
7.初学阅读者常只逐个单词辨认而忽视篇章理解，这便陷入----------。
8.常用的两种阅读策略，一是找出文章大意的快速阅读，即--------，二是寻找具体细节信息的快速阅读，即--------。
三、判断题1. 短时记忆的特点是容量有限（5到9个信息单位）且易遗忘，而长时记忆则具有容量无限不易遗忘的特点。
2.“触景生情”指的是无意重现，即没有预定目的、无需主观努力、自然回想起曾经往事。
3.背诵涉及有意重现和无意重现。
4.词表达的是概念，句子表达的是命题，语段则表达话题。