河南省三门峡市陕州中学2020┄2021届高三上学期第二次精英对抗赛 英语试题

河南省三门峡市陕州中学2021届高三上学期第二次精英对抗赛英语试题2020┄2021学年上期高三第二次精英对抗赛英语试卷第I卷注意事项：1. 答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

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第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ASports are the base of my life, next to my mother who raised me when my dad left us. I have been into sports since I was six years old. I have known many coaches and heard hundreds of their tips, but they usually focused on drills to develop my skills and reach the next level of play.When I was in Senior Two, I met the new school basketball coach, Brian Pawloski. I thought I was certain to be selected for the school team since I had been in it the year before. I showed up to the tryouts and put out about 90% effort since I thought I’d make it with no problem. That was a big mistake.Brian Pawloski is the hardest-working coach I have ever met. He didn’t expect 100% effort, he expected 200% effort. One example：he once made us do 40 suicide drills for the 40 lay-ups （投篮）we missed in a game. Some think this is crazy, but it isn’t. After this conditioning practice, as we were getting a cup of cold water to d rink, I said, “coach, that was the best pract ice I ever had.” I was complete ly sincere. This man was and is the person who influenced me most at my high school. He expects us to be excellent not just on the court but in the classroom. If I am not working on basketball, I am reading a book that he thinks will help us better underst and life’s challenges, including Wooden, Coach, and The Screwtape Letters.In the first two years I slacked off, not putting forth my full potential. Now, unlike the coaches of my youth, this man was interested in how he did off the court. He always made sure I kept up with my studies and was able to be trusted. I can honestly say that no other coach has given me so much advice on how to succeed in basketball, but more importantly, in life. My school is lucky to have such a great person to teach, coach and influence their students. I will always remember my high-school basketball days as one of the hardest times I have ever worked in my life not only in basketball but in my growth as an individual.21. Different from other coaches, Coach Brian ________.A. concentrated on skill trainingB. expected the team to do well in their studiesC. trained the team to the edge of deathD. asked the team to do more reading than training22. The underlined phrase “slacked off” in the last paragraph proba bly means ________.A. paid no attentionB. showed no interestC. made less effortD. had less passion23. In the author’s eye, Coach Brian is ________.A. professional and seriousB. hardworking and honestC. skilled and cruelD. strict and helpfulBThe Netherlands on Monday introduced its first-ever intelligent bicycle, fitted with electronic devices to help bring down the high accident rate among elderly cyclists in the bicycle-mad country.Developed for the government by the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research （TNO）, the intelligent bicycle, runs on electricity. A commercial-available bicycle is expected to be on the market in the next two years and should sell forbetween 1, 700 to 3, 200 euros per bicycle.The devices on the bike are linked through an onboard computerwith a vibrating （震动的） warning system fitted in the bicycle's saddle and handlebars to warn cyclists of the coming danger.The saddle vibrates when other cycli sts approach f rom behind, while, the handlebars do the same when barriers appear ahead."Accidents often happen when cyclists look behind them or get a fright when they are passed at high speed," said Maurice Kwakkernaat, one of T NO's research scientists involved in the project. "The onboard system technology has already been at work in the car industry," he said.''More and more elderly people are using a bicycle, not only for short distances, but also for longer distances," Dutch Environment and Infrastructure Minister Melanie Schultz van Haegen told AFP. "This type of bicycle is truly needed in the Netherlands because it will help us bring down the number of elderly people who are injured every year and allow them to continue to enjoy cycling," she said.In the Netherlands, bicycles outnumber the population of 17 million by at least one million and there are some 25,000 km of bicycle path in the country. Those statistics are set to grow as more and more people take to two-wheeled transport, leading to an increased risk of injury.Last year, 184 cyclists died in the country, of which 124, or 67%, were older than 65, according to the Central Statistics Office. The year before, 200 cyclists died, the majority of victims also being elderly.The current model weighs 25 kilograms but researchers are working on making the onboard systems smaller.24. The intelligent bicycle is aimed to ________.A. protect the environmentB. help reduce traffic pressureC. popularize the use of bicyclesD. improve safety for elderly cyclists25. Which part of the intelligent bicycle will vibrate when another cyclist was suddenly foundahead？A. The handlebars.B. The wheels.C. The saddle.D. The onboard computer.26. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. the elderly ride bicycles wherever they goB. the accident rate among elderly cyclists is highC. the number of elderly cyclists is decreasingD. the elderly are planning to give up cycling27. Which is the best title for the passage？A. A Test BicycleB. Elderly CyclistsC. A Smart BicycleD. A Bicycle-mad CountryCYou can love them or hate them, but no matter which tourist destination you visit, chances are you'll see someone with their head buried in a Lonely Planet guidebook.Lonely Planet is one of the world's largest travel guide brands, publishing more than 500 different guides in eight languages. The popular brand also produces television shows, websites and podcasts （播客） all devoted to travel.Some people praise Lonely Planet books because they make traveling easy and affordable. They also save time and make sure you don't miss the best things.They also provide the reviews of hostels, hotels, restaurants and ticket information about your destination.This can be great if you're a nervous traveler, or if you haven't traveled by yourself before. If you're in a country where you don't speak the language, sometimes there's nothing better than getting into a taxi and opening up a guidebook. You simply point to a map that directs the taxi driver to a hostel that's cheap and clean, with friendly staff and cold beer.But others criticize Lonely Planet and other travel guide publishers like them. They say guidebooks take the fun and spontaneity （自发性） out of traveling, and that part of the enjoyment of travel comes from the fact that anything can happen. They also regret that if you follow a guidebook, you'll end up doing the same thing and having the same experience as everyone else. You might end up seeing the same group of people over and over, because everyone is reading the same book and following the same route.Another criticism of travel guides is that they have a large impact on local communities. For example, some locals devote their lives to behaving in ways that attract tourists. They pretend to live a traditional lifestyle, wear traditional clothes and live in traditional houses in order to attract the tourist dollar.28. The Lonely Planet guidebook can bring you the following advantages EXCEPT that _____.A. you can speak a foreign language when opening a guidebookB. you can easily find a nice place to stay in a strange cityC. it provides lots of useful information about your destinationD. it can help you save time and money when traveling29. People criticize the guidebook because ________.A. it is not as useful as most travelers expectB. tourist destinations will be crowde d if everyone follows the same routeC. travelers may not get the chance to have unexpected adventuresD. local people keep modern lifestyles under its influence30. What do we know about the Lonely Planet guidebook from the text？A. It's a world-famous brand only producing guidebooks for travelers.B. It's very useful to a person who's nervous about touring an unfamiliar place.C. It's very useful to a tourist who dosen’t like to repeat others' experiences.D. It is loved by all travelers because of the convenience it brings to travelers.31. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text？（①—⑦ stand for Paragraph l —Paragraph 7 ）A B C DDImagine a world in which there were suddenly no emotion —a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive：knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn：they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear：people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist：in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society's economic underpinnings （支柱） would be destroyed：since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive （动力）to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind, for as we will see, incentives mean a capacity to enjoy them.In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instruments of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True, we consider the length, shape, size or texture, but an object's physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us — hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experience with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are "good" and others are "bad", and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life — from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society uses our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal penal （刑法的） system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.32. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph？A. people would not be able to tell the physical aspects of objects.B. people would be more likely to hurt each other than help.each other.C. People would not get any improvement from experience.D. There would be nothing but lies, arguments and violence.33. In can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependenton ________.A. the ability to make moneyB. the capacity to workC. the motivation to workD. the emotional experience34. Why are the emotional aspects of an object more important than its physical aspects？A. They help society use its members for more profit.B. They encourage us to perform important tasks in the war.C. They help to perfect the legal and penal system to make people afraid.D. They help us adapt our behaviors to the world surrounding us.35. What is the text mainly about？A. People could only live in a world with positive emotions.B. People would always do bad things in the emotionless world.C. Emotions play a vital role in the world we are living in.D. Without emotions, nobody would like to work.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。