高中英语牛津上海版高中二年级第一学期现在完成进行时巩固提升与复习
高中英语牛津上海版高中二年级第一学期非谓语巩固提升练习(有答案)
非谓语巩固提升练习语法专项练习一、综合能力训练A. soundingB. to be soundedC. to soundD. to have sounded2. We can't count on a man like Jim __________ us the necessary help.A. to giveB. givingC. to be givenD. given3. We sometimes imagine a desert island _____________ a sort of paradise, where the sun always shines.A. beB. /C. beingD. is4. What do you think of the idea Mr Smith put forward_______________ the production cost?A. reducingB. to reduceC. to reducingD. reduced5. He hurried to the station, only________________ the train had left.A. findingB. foundC. to findD. find6. In my opinion, ____________________ t hat famous university will be the only way to becomea world-class writer.A. attendingB. attendedC. attendD. having attended7. Is it possible for a Chinese school to accept the policy the use of mobile phones on campus?A. being permittedB. to permitC. permittedD. permittingA. lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost9. The children were happily making a snowman, _________________with cold.A. their faces turned redB. their faces were redC. their faces redD. their faces to be redA. burnB. went onC. lightedD. on11. Having heard of the result , I felt a great weight off my mind.A. takingB. takenC. takeD. to be takenA. being builtB. to be builtC. BuiltD. having been built13. —The Smiths are considering their summer holidays in north Canada.—I can't them spending their holidays in such a cold place.A. spending; expectB. to spend; imagineC. to spend; supposeD. spending; imagineA. to be sentB. on sendingC. on being sentD. to send15. —What made Mr Brown so angry?— in the rain for two hours.A. Because of waitingB. Being kept to waitC. Being kept waitingD. He was kept waiting16. When Mrs Green goes back to her home after class, she expects John, her husband, to at home.A. be cookingB. have been cookingC. have cookedD. cook17. —Did the newspaper give you the information you need?—Yes; but I had to read the newspaper entirely.A. for reading itB. to look for itC. finding itD. by looking for it18. Everything___________________ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.A. to takeB. takingC. to be takenD. taken19. _______________ to give up smoking, I threw away my__________________ cigarettes.A. Determined; remainedB. Determined; remainingC. Determining; remainingD. Determining; remainedA. to listen; to climbB. listening; to climbC. listening; climbD. listening; to climbing21. to the right, you will find the house you are looking for. You can't miss it.A. You turnB. TurnC. To be turningD. Turning22. _________________ f rom heart trouble for years, his father has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A. To sufferB. SufferedC. Being sufferedD. Having suffered23. The husband rolled away all the money the family had, leaving his wife and children behind him.A. cryB. to cryC. cryingD. cried24. where to go, he asked a policeman the way.A. Having lost his way and not knowingB. Losing his way and didn' t knowC. Lost his way and not knowingD. Lost his way and didn't knowA. discussed; staredB. being discussed; staringC. to be discussed; staredD. discussed; staring26. in a simple style, the book clearly describes the author's childhood experiences ina small town.A. WritingB. To be writtenC. Being written D; Written27. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, from east to west, while those from north to south are called avenues.A. running; runningB. run; runningC. running; runD. run; run28. of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend her.A. Warned; followedB. Warning; followingC. Having warned; followedD. Having been warned; following29. The classroom is so dirty that it needs badly.A. cleanB. to cleanC. being cleanedD. cleaningUniversity._________________________________________A. are; being shownB. being; being shownC. being; showingD. are; be shown31. —Why did Bob weep?—He couldn' t bear like that before the whole class.A. making fun ofB. being made fun ofC. to be laughed atD. being made fun32. What worried the child most was to visit his mother in hospital.A. his not being allowedB. his not allowingC. his being not allowedD. having not beenallowedA. come; permittedB. coming; permittedC. coming; being permittedD. to come; being permitted34. The first textbook _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. have writtenB. to be writtenC. being written D: written35. _______________ exercise early in the morning has become part of his retired life.A. TakeB. TakesC. TakingD. Taken36. The murder was brought in, with his hands behind his back.A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied37. It is rather difficult to make friends with him, but his friendship, , is more true than any other's.A. once gainedB. when to gainC. after gainingD. while gaining38. made the student interest in his study.A. Being punished; to loseB. Punished; loseC. Being punished; loseD. Having been punished; lost39. Taiwan-born filmmaker Ang Lee won the Best Director Oscar at the 78th Academy Awards, the highest honor in American movie fields.A. to considerB. consideringC. considerD. considered40. by his grandparents, Jimmy wasn't used to living with his parents.A. To bring upB. To be brought upC. Brought upD. Being upKeys:1．C. want to do是常用句式，sound为感官动词，要用主动形式表被动意义。
牛津上海英语高二第一学期语法复习课件 (共29张PPT)
练习：
1. It rained heavily in the south, _____serious
flooding in several provinces.
supposing / providing /provided that 如果
compared with/to 与…相比
例如 ① Judging from his accent ,he is from the south . ② Considering your health , you ‘d better have a rest .
A. caused
B. having caused
C. causing
D. to cause
2 ___the city center, we saw a stone statue of
about 10 meters in height.
A Approaching
B. Approached
C. To approach
分词：Participles
分词的概述
分词的两种形式：现在分词(-ing)和过去分词(-ed)。
现在分词的完成式结构： having done 现在分词一般式的被动结构： being done 现在分词完成式的被动结构： having been done 分词的否定结构 ：在分词之前加上not
分词：Participles
The students are discussing a book written by LuXun.
1、作定语时
牛津上海版高二上英语第4讲现在完成时和现在完成进行时教案
1 对 3 指导讲义学员姓名：学科教师：年级：高二指导科目：英语讲课日期时间主题此刻达成时和此刻达成进行时1、理解“此刻达成时”及“此刻达成进行时”的定义、掌握基本时间状语及其用法；学习目标2、能够正确划分和灵巧运用这两种时态。
教课内容1、上一次课后稳固作业复习；2、互动探究教课建议：1、老师放音频让学生听写空白处单词或句子；2、可让学生哼唱或老师自己展现，以调换学生的学习兴趣；3、关于波及“此刻达成进行时”语法点的部分，老师可适合重复或增强，以惹起学生对时态的重视，而后引入本课解说内容。
You Make MeWe are one,One for sure ,All ______ (united) ,You’ ll want no more,Ohhhh you make me...Ohhhh you make me...We are ______ (one),One for sure ,All united ,You’ ll need no more,Ohhhh you make me....Ohhhh ....All my life, I’ ve been__________________ (I ’ ve been waiting for)someone like you - yeah !All my life, I’ ve beenI’ ve been waiting forsomeone like you - yeah !I ’ ve beenlooking for someone like you yeah !__________________ (I ’ ve been waiting for)someone like youYou make me...We are one.此刻达成时【知识梳理1】此刻达成时的一般用法1) 表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚才达成或结束，往常使用不拥有连续意义的动词，arrive,become, begin, break 等。
牛津上海版高二英语上册同步教案 第20讲 综合复习与检测
many/few十n.+(复) adj. +n.(不可数)much/little+ n.（不可数）【例句】There is so little time left that I have to leave at once.剩下的时间不多了，我得马上离开。
There were such a lot of people in the street that we could hardly move on. 街上人太多，我们简直无法往前走。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.他关窗子的时候用力太猛，把玻璃都震破了。
【知识梳理3】He then spent years wandering the earth until he found his home on the islandwandering the earth是动名词结构，在句中充当介词宾语，原句应是：He then spent years (in) wandering the earth until he found his home on the island.He had a difficult time (in) adapting himself to the strange environment. 他曾经很难适应这个陌生的环境。
The bride was engaged in preparing for the wedding ceremony.新娘忙着为婚礼作准备。
（可以适当引导学生回顾一些以动名词做宾语的动词）【知识梳理4】The Phantom fell in love with Christine, a beautiful young singer at the Opera.(1) 句中a beautiful young singer at the Opera是名词词组作Christine的同位语，用于补充说明Christine的身份。
高中英语牛津上海版高中二年级第—学期期中巩固提升练习(二)(有答案)
高二上学期期中巩固提升练习（二）Directions: After reading the two passages below. fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word.;For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Are you on a diet? Then maybe you should consider (21)_________(sit) by the window the next time you eat out.A new book claims that where you sit in a restaurant can affect how many you consume.A New research found that people sitting farthest from the front door ate the fewest salads and were 73 percent (22)________(likely) to order dessert.Those seated at a dark table ate heavier food and ordered more of it (23)______ diners seated at bright bar tables ordered more salads and fewer desserts.According to the researchers, the darker it is, the more invisible you (24)______ feel, the less easy it is to see how much you‟re eating and the less guilty you are when you eat more.In contrast, (25) ________(see) the sunlight, people or trees outside might make you more conscious of (26)________ you look, might make you think about walking or might make you want a green salad.The researchers also noted that slim diners chewed around 15 times per mouthful, three chews more than heavier diners. By eating more slowly, the diner consumes less in the time (27)_________ takes for the brain to register satisfaction.(B)Beijing‟s annoying smog(雾) seems to have hurt the city‟s appeal to tourists. Last year, Beijing Youth Daily reported that the number of visitors to Beijing (28)_________(fall) 50 percent since January. It‟s said that the city‟s bad air quality was to blame for the decline. It‟s also more difficult (29) _______(attract) high-end employees to work in Beijing, especially those with children.However, the blanket of poisonous smog hasn‟t hurt Beijing‟s office market, (30)_______ has jumped up quickly on a global ranking to become the fourth-most-expensive location to rent office space in the world. According to a recent research, office space in Beijing‟s Central Business District costs (31)________ average $1,412 per square meter per year.That‟s more expensive than No.5-rankes central Tokyo or No.6-rangked Madison & Fifth Avenues in New York. The research took into consideration both published rental rates and “additional costs,” which include agent fees and (32)_________costs to make the deal happen.London (33)_________ (remain) the world‟s most expensive city in which to rent office space. Hong Kong, home to the priciest office space in Asia, comes in second globally. The cities(34)___________(experience) the highest annual growth in office rental rates are both in South Africa with 40 percent rate rise for Durban and 44 percent for Sandton.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. Note that there is one word or phrase more than you need.It's the customary bedtime practice every parent would feel fearful ----being asked to read the same book for many times. But while the 35 repetition might be boring for mum or dad, it is the best way for toddlers to learn new words, according to research.The findings suggest parents are wasting money by spending a fortune on huge book collections in the hope they will inspire their little ones. Instead, a small selection of favourites such as The Very Hungry Caterpillar or The Gruffalo will 36 far more.Dr Jessica Horst, of the University of Sussex‟s WORD Lab devised an experiment to check how quickly three -year -olds could recognize and 37 six new words. The children were visited three times in a week. One group heard the same story three times back -to -back each time and another was read three 38 stories. All had the same 39 of new words which appeared the same amount of times.When researchers returned a week later, they found the children who heard the same story over and over had 40 learned 3.6 of the new words. While those 41 to a variety of stories remembered only 2.6.They also noted the …repetition‟ group learned at a faster rate than those in the “ 42 ” group.Dr Horst said: …We are showing that less is more, to a point. And, 43 , the more times you read to a child and the more books you have will help them. But you don‟t need to go crazy and buy every single Thomas the Tank Engine book. Reading the same books over and overagainhelps.‟Speaking of the 44 studies, we have found one in three don‟t read to their children before putting them to bed. Yet 30 minutes of one-on-one literacy sessions can improve reading age by nearly two years in less than five months.III Cloze:(15%)Is the world really going mad?The other day I was sitting in a restaurant45 a quick drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly46 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn't long47 the whole room was filled with smoke. I asked with an apology for permission (允许) to open a window to stop myself48 !Nowadays air pollution is something that hardly question any more. However, I still can't walk down the street in any of the big cities without49that people are suffering from the air pollution. It is time for the government departments of the world to introduce emission (废气排放) controls on all cars and50 the public transport system to encourage people to51their cars at home. A friend of mine takes flying lesson each morning and it really makes him52when he climbs above the smog layer (烟雾层) and looks down53it and thinks:"I'm breathing that!" This kind of54results from the bad management of resources. Waste things can55should, be treated properly. Road construction, House building, and industrial development are all earthmoving(earth-reducing) operations and can change the balances of56created over millions of years. I would like to57 serious studies done on all these main works before they are built. Also, there should be58 national parks set up to keep the most beautiful parts of countries in their natural59 .45. A. have B. had C. having D. have had46. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed47. A ago B. after C. before D. now48. A. standing B. sitting C. talking D. dying49. A. thinking B. forgetting C. deciding D. learning50. A. increase B. reduce C. improve D. raise51. A.wash B. repair C. drive D. leave52. A. sick B. tired C. foolish D. excited53. A. on B. at C. from D. for54. A.discussion B. question C. pollution D. operation55. A. but B. yet C. or D. and56. A. life B. mind C. humans D. plants57. A. see B. look C. observe D. watch58. A. few B. any C. more D. no59. A. situation B. states C. soils D. places(A)It was a cold winter day. A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth (收费站). “I’m paying for myself, and for the six cars behind me,” she said with a smile, handing over seven tickets. One after another, the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed, “Some lady up ahead already paid your fare.”It turned out that the woman, Natalie Smith, had read something on a friend’s refrigerator: “Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.” The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home. When it stayed on her mind for days, she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down. “I thought it was beautiful,” she said, explaining why she’d taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters, “like a message from above.” Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students, one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter. Alice put it in the newspaper, admitting that though she liked it, she didn’t know where it came from or what it really meant.Two days later, Alice got a call from Anne Herbert, a woman living in Marin. It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper, after turning it around in her mind for days.“Here’s the idea,” Anne says. “Anything you think there should be more of, do it randomly.” Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools, leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town, and giving money secretly to a proud old lady. Anne says, “Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can.”The acts of random kindness spread. If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid, who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later. Like all great events, kindness begins slowly, with every single act. Let it be yours!60. Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her?A. She knew the car drivers well.B. She wanted to show kindness.C. She hoped to please others.D. She had seven tickets.61. Who came up with the phrase according to the passage?A. Judy Foreman.B. Natalie Smith.C. Alice Johnson.D. Anne Herbert.62. Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence above?A. Kindness and violence can change the world.B. Kindness and violence can affect one’s behavior.C. Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves.D. Kindness and violence can shape one’s character.63. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. People should practice random kindness to those in need.B. People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.C. People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet.D. People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver.(B)A Guide to the University64. Where and when can you cook your own food?A. The Globe, FridayB. The Lower Café, SundayC. The TWU Cafeteria , FridayD. The McMillan Hall , Sunday.65. The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre_________.A. is open six days a weekB. offers services free of chargeC. trains students in medical careD. gives advice on mental health66. How can you seek help from the Writing Centre?A.By applying onlineB. By calling the centreC. By filling in a sign-up formD. By going to the centre directly67. What is the function of TWU Express?A. To carry students to the lecture halls.B. To provide students with campus toursC. To take students to the Mattson Centre.D. To transport students to and from the stores.(C)Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The herds of bulls and horses depicted running along the walls of the Lascaux caves in France are among the most magnificent examples of prehistoric art ever discovered.But rather than displaying hunting scenes, new evidence suggests that the images actually represent the frightening sounds which came from the mouths of the caves.US researcher Steven Waller believes that the echoes(回声) of clapping outside the cave would have sounded like hundreds of animal feet drumming on the ground. He proposes that the caves were preserved for their sound properties, which prehistoric peoples mistook for supernatural noises.Ancient stories explained echoes from the mouths of certain giant caves as replies from spirits, so our ancestors chose to decorate these caves with paintings believing that they were inhabited by spirits and gods.Beside animal sounds, many ancient cultures attributed thunder in the sky to …thunder gods,‟ so it makes sense that some lasting echoes within the caves were interpreted as thunder and inspired paintings of those thunder gods on cave walls.The idea is also supported by audio theory, which shows statistically significant similarities between the rock are sites and modern sound reflection equipment.As for the presence of the famous Stonehenge(巨石阵) in Britain, Mr. Walker also suggests it may have been the sound of the prehistoric monument, rather than the sight, that inspired its creation.He claims that its architects may have been trying to recreate a sound-effect similar to theritual sound made during religious dancing.People taking part in a religious dance around a pair of pipes would have heard the music grow quieter as they moved past certain pipes due to a natural phenomenon known as an …interference pattern.‟ If they were blindfold, it would have created the illusion that the sound was intermittently being reduced by invisible gods as they danced. According to Dr. Walker, the effects became so impressive that ancient people attempted to capture it in store. Therefore the Stonehenge appeared.However some British experts said that it was clear that Stonehenge had been created overseveral centuries rather than being …thrown up overnight.‟They claimed that there was no question in the traditional view that lining up along the mid-summer sunrise and mid-winter sunset was the ultimate purpose for its building.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)68. According to ancient people, who lived in the big caves?69. Modern sound science finds that ____ and _____ have much in common.70. According to Walker, how was the sound made weaker during religious dancing?71. The traditional view believes that Stonehenge was built in order to ______.Complete the sentences using the given phrases in their proper forms:72.Nowadays, many students______________________playing online games.73.Experts suggested that we should read more________________________.74.___________________facility and scale,our school is really a modern school.75.So far, Shanghai______________________an international financial center.76.Experts say that drinking tea along with meal_______________the body’s absorption of iron.77.He saved the only man who__________________the car crash at the cost of his life.78.____________should we waste our youth.Or we will certainly regret in old age.79.The teacher tried her best_________students_________various class activities.80.China is faced with the serious problem of environment,__________that of population.81.The successful bidding for the winter Olympic Games_______________the sport history of our country.Translation:82.当他发现没有房间的时候，他茫然不知所措。
牛津上海版高二英语上册同步教案 第10讲 综合复习与检测
此环节教案预期时间60分钟1.2...此环节教案预期时间20（练题）13此环节设计时间在10分钟内（以学生自我总结为主，TR根据教案中的总结进行引导为辅，为本次课做一个总结回顾；总结方式可以多种多样，如画思维导图、默想回忆、抢答形式等。
教案中给到重难点/易错点等的总结条目。
）教学建议：基础题：一．阅读理解Section BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Industry can often bring progress, but it can sometimes bring pollution and other dangers as well. In the nineteen seventies, an accident happened in a small town in the north of England. A chemical factory exploded(爆炸).Twenty-eight people were killed in the disaster(灾难), and more than a hundred were injured. The factory was destroyed, and the roofs of some houses in the town were torn off. The fire that followed the explosion burned for two days. It sent up huge clouds of smoke that were seen thirty miles away.After the explosion, a lot of people immediately thought of going to the town and helping their friends. Others were only interested in watching the firemen.1. What is the passage about?A. Industry.B. Pollution.C. Factory.D. Firemen.2. According to the author, industry __________.A. is good to peopleB. is harmful to peopleC. is dangerous to peopleD. is good to people, but sometimes is harmful to people3. When did the accident in the chemical factory happen?A. In 1970.B. In the 1970s.C. In 1870.D. In the 1870s.4. After the explosion, there was __________.A. a big fireB. a heavy smokeC. a huge cloudD. much noise5. After the explosion, __________.A. all the people nearby went to helpB. not all the people nearby went to helpC. all the people nearby just watched the firemenD. even the firemen refused to help(B)One silly question I simply can't understand is ' How do you feel?', usually the question I asked of a man's action—a man on the go, walking along the street or busily working at his desk. So what do you expect him to say? He'll probably say,' Fine, I'm all right. ‘, but you've put a bug in his ear — maybe now he's not sure. If you are a good friend, you may have seen something in his face, or his walk that he overlooked(忽略) that morning. It starts him worrying a little. First thing you know, he looks in a mirror to see if everything is all right, while you go merrily on your way asking someone else ' How do you feel?'Every question has its time and place. It's perfectly acceptable，for example，to ask ' How do you feel?’ if you're visiting a close friend in hospital. But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying to take a train, or sitting at his desk working, it's no time to ask him that silly question.When George Bernard Shaw, the famous writer of plays, was in his eighties, someone asked him, ' How do you feel?' Shaw put him in his place. 'When you reach my age,' he said, 'either you feel all right or you're dead. '1. According to the author, greetings such as ' How do you feel?' __________.A. show one's consideration for othersB. are a good way to make friendsC. are proper to ask a man in actionD. generally make one feel uneasy2. The question ' How do you feel?' seems to be correct and suitable when asked __________.A. a man working at his deskB. a person having lost a close friendC. a stranger who looks worriedD. a friend who is ill3. The author seems to feel that a busy man should __________.A. be praised for his effortsB. never be asked any questionC. not be bothered(烦扰)D. be discouraged from working so hard4. George Bernard Shaw's reply in the passage shows his __________.A. cheerfulnessB. clevernessC. kindnessD. politeness5. 'you've put a bug in his ear' means that you've __________.A. made him laughB. shown concern for himC. made fun of himD. given him some kind of warningTranslationDirections; Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in thebrackets.1. 去年建造的那家新医院使我们受益匪浅。
高中英语牛津上海版高中二年级第—学期 语法填空专项讲解及练习(有答案)
语法填空一、非谓语（一）非谓语动词的解题步骤：（谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态）1. 辨别谓语和非谓语分析句子结构，区别谓语动词与非谓语动词例题1：We all hope to enjoy harmonious relationships with our parents. In real life, however, this is not always possible. The poem “Those Winter Sundays” by Robert Hayden expresses the speaker’s regret over the way the speaker, when he was young, ____33____ (treat) his father.treated。
例题2：Beware first-class travelers! Passengers sitting in the rear of a plane have the best chance of survival in an event of a crash, an extraordinary and costly aviation（航空，飞行）experiment ever (33) ______ (conduct) has revealed.conducted。
2. 分析语态非谓语动词和逻辑主语之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系根据现在分词表“主动，进行”；过去分词表“被动，完成”；动词不定式一般表目的或意料之外的结果，作定语时往往表“将来的动作”进行进一步的分析。
例题1：The man sticks out his hand, (30)_____ (say), “Hi, I’m Paul.”saying。
例题2：Today, roller skating is easy and fun．But a long time ago, it wasn’t easy at all. Before 1750, the idea of skating didn’t exist. That changed because of a man___33_____(name)Joseph Merlin.named。
高中英语牛津上海版高中二年级第一学期 Unit1-Unit3巩固提升练习(有答案)
U1-U3巩固提升练习Grammar and VocabularySection A:Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have similar feelings about their parents, __25_____( say) that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common argument between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad about messy rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children's refusal to help with the housework. On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them ____26____ dropping the towel in the bathroom, not ___27___( clean) up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.The research , conducted by St. George University, ___28____(show) that different parents have different approaches to these problems. However, some approaches are more popular than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but __29___( late ) clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children's behavior. On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the consequences of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don't help their parents with the shopping don't find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they ____30___ (force) to reconsider their action.Psychologists say that communication is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should talk to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents __31__scold their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and understanding each other ___32__problems between parents and children can be settled.(B)Side-effects of drugs are usually provided when patients are advised by doctors to take them whether they are over-the-counter medicine or health nutritional supplements. 33 (convince) that the pills will work wonders inside their bodies, patients usually buy them and take them blindly.In order for a chemical to be considered a safe drug, it must 34 (prove) safe and its benefits outweigh the risks through experiments. However, no substance that has the power to do this is completely safe. Drugs are approved only after tests have demonstrated that they are relatively safe when 35 (use) as directed. Thus some very dangerous drugs are approved because they are necessary to treat serious illnesses. Many people suffer ill effects from drugs called side effects, even though they take the drug exactly as directed. The human population contains a great variety of genetic variation, but drugs 36 (test) on just a few thousand people. When a particular drug is taken by millions, some people 37 not respond in a predictable way, 38 _the drug has been tested. A patient may also acquire a tolerance for a certain drug, 39 means the patient has to take ever larger doses to produce the desired effect. Tolerance may lead to addiction,40 the person becomes so dependent on the drug that he or she will have severe psychological and physical disturbances when the drug is taken away.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Evaluating one's education at the close of each business day, most trained teachers, administrators, politicians, and statesmen made ___41___ analyses of all that has transpired (泄露产生）。
牛津上海版高二年级第一学期 高二上学期期中巩固复习及提升练习(有答案)
高二上学期期中复习Unit1 重点词组复习1. 一系列2. 渴望做某事3. 在…方面相同的4. 到达并登记5. 得全优6．老实说7. 总体来说；在诸多方面8. 遵守诺言9. 设法做成某事10. 涉及；有关；指11. 成功地做某事12. 尽管事实是这样的13. 为……和某人竞赛14．把A和B结合15. 每四年16．参加17. 田径项目18. 迫不及待地做某事19. 参赛和某人竞争20. 被要求做某事Keys:1. a series of 2.be dying to （do something） 3.be equal in 4. check in 5. get straight A’s 6.to be honest7. in many ways=generally speaking 8. keep one’s word = to keep a promise 9. manage to do (to something)10.refer to 11. manage to do 12. Despite the fact that 13. compete with sb for sth 14. combine A with B15. every four yoers 16. participate in 17. track and field 18. can’t wait to do 19. compete in sth against sb.20. be required to do sth.Unit2. 重点词组复习1、辅导中心2、对……有信心3、胜任4、骗取某人的某物5、浪费时间做某事6、赚钱7、被迫做某事8、一位有经验的教师9、愿意做某事10、把……描述为11、按照自己的节奏12、对……提出意见13、独立地14．成就感15．使……适应16.由于；因为17.解决办法18. 有资格做Keys: 1. tutorial centre 2. have confidence in3. be qualified for／as4. cheat sb out of sth5. waste time(in)doing something6. make money7. be forced to do sth8. an experienced teacher 9. be willing to do10. describe sth as 11. at one’s own pace12. make comments on 13. on one’s own14. sense of achievement 15. adapt to16. as a result of 17. solution to doing sth18.are qualified forUnit3. 重点词组复习1.开始流行2.用……阐明……3.反对做某事4.乍一看5.在某处寻找……6.向某人抱怨……7.与……联系在一起8.热衷于做某事9.提醒某人某事10.抵制……的诱惑11.大量的书12.带来13.阻止某人做某事Keys: 1. Come into fashion 2. illustrate sth with 3. object to doing sth 4. at first sight5. search sp for sth6. complain to sb. of sth7. be linked to8. be keen on sth 9. remind sb of sth 10. resist the temptation11. a number of books 12. bring along 13. stop\ prevent\ keep sb. from doing sth练习：Grammar and vocabulary.Section A1. In the USA, when children are 18 years old, they try to be independent ___________ their parents.A. onB. forC. ofD. about2. The weather turned out to be very good, ___________ was more than we could expect.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. it3. We ___________ the house all the afternoon, and we still need another hour before we can finish.A. paintedB. are painting C .have been painting D. have painted4. There are twenty three boys in our class, two of ___________ are good at singing.A. themB. thatC. whomD. who5. Believe me, Peter. Remember: It is ___________ who ___________ your best friend.A. I, isB. I, amC. me, isD. me, am6. When I saw Li Hua yesterday, she ___________ with a little boy in front of the museum.A. chattedB. was chattingC. had chattedD. would chat7. They were very happy when their son came ___________ top in the exam.A. outB. offC. onD. with8. Some students like staying up late into the night, __________ their lessons for the coming examination.A. to prepareB. preparingC. are preparingD. prepare9. Is this the reason __________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained10. Every baby loves its mother. ___________, every Chinese loves our motherland.A. DifferentlyB. SimilarlyC. NeverthelessD. Physically11. With the National Day coming soon, we are proud of the great ___________ of our motherland.A. achievementsB. commentsC. recommendationsD. solutions12. __________ all the difficulties: lack of money and inadequate labor forces, we finished the task in time.A. Because ofB. In spite ofC. even thoughD. even if13. __________ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.A. FacedB. Being facedC. FacingD. To face14. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left __________.A. unsatisfiedB. unsatisfyingC. to be unsatisfyingD. being unsatisfied15. Pop music is such an important part of society ___________ it has even influenced our language.A. asB. thatC. whichD. where16. The teacher called Tom to his office because he Was caught ___________ in the exam.A. to cheatB. cheatingC. cheatedD. cheat17. The population of the city is ___________ that in my hometown .A. larger thanB. more thanC. as greater asD. as many as18. The young mart, ___________ several attempts to beat the world record in high jumping,decided to have another try.A. to makeB. makingC. madeD. having made19. I am too sleepy to be ___________ of how cold it was.A. confidentB. certainC. awareD. capable20. Great Britain ___________ England, Scotland, and Wales.A. is consisted ofB. makes upC. composes ofD. is made up of21. The number of participants _______ medal in the Table-tennis Tournament will reach 50,________ is the large number ever recorded.A. compete for; whichB. compete to ; thatC. competing for; whichD. competing to; whichKeys: 1. CACCB 6. BABAB 11. ABAAB 16. BADCD 21. CSection BKeys: 22. IGJHB 27. ACDEReading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Public image refers to how a company is viewed by its customers, suppliers, and stockholders, by the financial community, by the communities in which it operates, and by federal and local governments. Public image is controllable 31 , just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are.would be widely looked down upon.facilities, contacts of outsiders with company employees, product quality and dependability, pricesand the use of public relations and publicity.31. A. at considerable extent B. to considerable extentC. to considerate extentD. at considerate extent32. A. establishes B. plays C. makes D. obtains33. A.. but B. however C.and D. as34.A. possible B. easy C.not impossible D. impossible35.A. they B. some C.it D. we36.A. plant B. jobs C.machines D. themselves37.A. while B. when C.as D. and38.A. that B. if C.which D. /39.A. that B. who C.whose D. of which40.A. been B. developed C.found D. learned41.A. With B. Such C.Like D. /42.A. a more B. more C.most D. the most43.A. with B. without C.in D. of44.A. They B. It C.Some D. Most45.A. related to B. connected with C.relative to D. related withKeys: 31. BBCDC 36. BABAB 41. BAABBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe discovery of a dwarfed(矮个的) "human being" who lived in Flores, Indonesia, up to 18,000 years ago is changing the way we think about the human family. This "Flores Human" was three foot tall and her brain was smaller than that of the average chimp (黑猩猩), yet she and her relatives apparently lived fully human lives. They seem to have made tools, worked together to find food and cook it, and perhaps even buried their dead with ceremony.It was a major surprise to find tools associated with the new human family member. The tools are like those formerly seen only with European fossils(化石) from our own species; Homosapiens (智人) , and the oldest of them were made 94,000 years ago. Homo sapiens is thought to have arrived in the island about 40,000 years ago, much too late to be responsible for the tools. Ifstructure(结构) of its brain must have been more like our own than a chimp's, despite being just a third the size of ours.This "new human" was suspected to be a dwarfed branch of Homo erectus(直立人). When creatures are separated in regions with rare resources but few enemies, being big is a disadvantage, and evolution tends to shrink them, a process known as island dwarfing. Could natural selection make a human smaller while keeping—even improving—mental ability? Quite possibly, believes Christopher Wills of the University of California.Has the "Flores Human" even shown the ability of language? "I find it difficult to imagine that people could make tools, use fire, and kill large animals without fairly advanced communication." Wills says. Did "Flores Human" possess the basic components of human culture—such as the burying of the dead with ceremony? Emiliano Brunet of the Italian Institute points out that Indonesia's hot, wet environment is bad for fossilization. It is reasonable to assume, he says, that the 18,000-year-old bones of the most complete Flores woman were well-preserved because she was buried with special care.46. According to the passage, the "Flores Human" ____________________ .A.lived a partly human lifeB.was a branch of Homo sapiensed tools before Homo sapiens arrivedD.had a brain as large as a common chimp's47. The underlined part "this tiny human" in Paragraph 2 refers to ________________________ .A. a chimpB. Flores HumanC. Homo sapiensD. Homo erectus48. This passage mainly talks about __________________ .A.the tools made by "Flores Human"B.the language used by "Flores Human"C.the evolution of "Flores Human"D.the major surprising findings about "Flores Human"49. According to the passage, it is believed that "Flores Human" ______________________ .A.was dwarfed by its enemiesB.could use languageC.left a lot of fossils in hot and wet environmentD.reached Flores 40,000 years agoBNo matter where you live, education is an important answer to a bright future. In most societies, schooling improves your ability to get a good job, to support yourself and your family, and to contribute to your country's economy. But many children around the world don't have the opportunity to attend school—currently, more than 425 million children aged 6-17. In many nations, more boys than girls receive a formal education. In these countries, various social and economic problems prevent girls from going to and staying in school. One of the main reasons for this is poverty (贫穷) —school can be expensive, and in many countries, school is not free. Even where it is free, the fees for books, uniforms and transportation can be too costly for many families. When resources are limited, parents often educate their sons first. Even though more girls are attending school than ever before, nearly a quarter of all girls aged 6-11 are currently not enrolled in primary schools. Compared withprimary school, a much smaller number of children attend secondary school — but again, more of them are boys. Education has special benefits for girls, both when they are young and in their adult lives. Girls with little or no education are more likely to become teenage mothers and to live in poverty; girls with more schooling marry and have children later, and lead healthier, more prosperous lives. To achieve these benefits, girls need to complete at least 6 to 7 years of schooling. Today, of our 6 billion population, nearly 1 billion adults can not read — and two thirds of them are women.50. In families with limited income, parents tend.A.to give education to their sons while ignore their daughtersB.to give education to their daughters while ignore their sonsC.to keep all their children from schoolD.send all their children to school51. Compared with primary school, the number of boys attending secondary school is .A. as big as that of girlsB. bigger than that of girlsC. smaller than that of girls ________D. not mentioned52. According the passage, the main reason that many children don't have the opportunity to attend school is _______________________________ .A. politicalB. socialC. economicD.culturalCFor centuries, the only form of written correspondence（通信) was the letter. Letters were, and are, sent by some form of postal service, the history of which goes back a long way. Indeed, the Egyptians began sending letters from about 2000 BC, as did the Chinese a thousand years later.Of course, modern postal services now are much more developed and faster, as they do on cars and planes for delivery. Yet they are still too slow for some people to send urgent documents （紧急文件). and letters.The invention of the fax(传真) machine increased the speed of delivering documents even more. When you send a fax you are sending a copy of a piece of correspondence to someone by telephone service. It was not until the early 1980s that such a service was developed enough for businesses to be able to fax documents to each other.The fax service is still very much in use when copies of documents require to be sent, but, as a way of fast correspondence, it has been largely replaced by e-mail. E-mail is used to describe messages sent from one computer user to another.There are advantages and disadvantages with e-mails. If you send someone an e-mail, then he will receive it extremely quickly. Normal postal services are rather slow as far as speed of delivery is concerned.However, if you write something by e-mail, which you might later regret, and send it immediately, there is no chance for second thoughts. t least, if you have to address and seal(封) the envelope and take it to the post box, there is plenty of time to change your mind. The message is« think before you e-mail \53. We can learn from the text that_________________ .A.the postal service has over the years become fasterB.e-mail is less popular than the fax serviceC.the postal service has over the years become slowerD.the fax service has a history as long as the postal service does54. It can be inferred from the text that _________________ .A.the fax machine was invented after the 1980sB.letters have been used in China for about 1,000 yearsC.the fax service had been fully developed by the 1980sD.letters have been used in Egypt for about 2,000 years55. In the last sentence of the last paragraph, the writer mentions "think before youe-mail" to show that ____________ .A.you'd better not send your e-mail in a hurryB.you may regret if you don't seal your envelopeC.you may regret before you send something by e-mailD.you need plenty of time to send an e-mail56. The text mainly deals with_______________ .A.the invention of fax machinesB.the advantage of fax machinesC.the advantage of e-mailsD.the progress in correspondenceKeys: 46. CBDB50. ABC53. ACADSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A—F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.57.I had spent six years working nights while I attended college during the day. I always wanted to be a teacher, and I worked hard to earn my degree. When I finally graduated, I was very optimistic. With the help of the friends who teach at the school, I landed an interview with the principal. I noticed a tiny hole in my stockings that morning. I thought about changing, but I knew I'd be late if I did. By the time I got to the interview, the hole stretched from my ankle to my knee. I walked in and immediately apologized for not looking my best. I spent the rest of the time trying to sit in a way that he couldn't see the hole.I didn't get the job. In fact, one of my friends told me the principal's only comment was: "Ifa person doesn't present her best image at an interview, what kind of teacher is she going to be?"I worked for ten years as an administrative in a large accounting firm. When the office manager retired last year, I applied for the position. I wasn't even granted an interview. I thought it was an oversight, so I asked the director of personnel what happened. He told me I didn't fit the image of an office manager. He suggested I renew my wardrobe—get rid of my colorful skirts and dangling earrings—before I applied again for another position. I was shocked. I do a great job, and the way I dress shouldn't have any bearing. My clothes reflect my personal style.When I was a telemarketing specialist in Athens, I applied for a promotion. My interview went so well I was offered the job on the spot. I was ecstatic. I remembered that I reacted to the offer with too much enthusiasm. Once the boss sensed how excited I was he knew I wasn't going to turn him down. Consequently, he offered me a lower salary than I'd hoped for. I was convinced I could have gotten more had I contained myself.Open and close your conversation on a positive note. For example, if you've studied the company's annual report and you should have! Consider remarking on any substantial progressthe firm has made within the past year, or cite an area of company involvement that interests you. When you leave, summarize why you're the best candidate for the job and thank the person for his interest.Master the art of small talk. Most people who appear comfortable with strangers in social and business situations will tell you that they've worked hard to look that way. Read a weekly news magazine and at least one daily newspaper—especially the sports section—so you can hold your own in a conversation.Ask questions. Too often when people meet, they feel awkward about what to say after the introductions. Almost everyone likes to be asked questions, so don't be afraid to be the initiator.There is the matter of how you speak. Any voice coach will tell you can learn to sound more relaxed, more assertive and more confident. One good technique is to record your voice on a tape. As you play it back, be alert for voice tones that sound apologetic, tentative, or imploring.In this book—You Are The Massage. Secrets of the Master Communicators, media consultant Roger Ailes suggests a voice-improvement exercise he calls "tape and ape".Get a cassette tape of a famous actor or actress reading a classic. Record yourself reading the same selection and compare. "Your goal isn't to become a performer," says Ailes, "But when you hear a good speech and attempt to emulate it, you will improve your voice. "Section DDirections: Read the following passage. Then answer the questions or complete the sentences according to the information given in the passage you have just read.PITTSBURGH — For most people, snakes seem unpleasant or even threatening. But Howie Choset sees in their delicate movements a way to save lives.The 37-year-old Carnegie Mellon University professor has spent years developing snakelike robots. He hopes his robots will eventually slide through fallen buildings in search of victims trapped after natural disasters or other emergencies.Dan Kara is president of Robotics Trends, a Northboro, Mass-based company that publishes an online industry magazine and runs robotics trade shows. He said there are other snake-like robots being developed, mainly at universities, but didn't know of one that could climb pipes.The Carnegie Mellon machines are designed to carry cameras and electronic sensors andcan be controlled with a joystick (操纵杆). They move smoothly with the help of small electric motors, commonly used by hobbyists in model airplanes.Built from lightweight materials,the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller. They can sense which way is up, but areonly as good as their human operators, Choset added.Sam Stover, a search team manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agencybased in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable poles."It just allows us to do something we've not been able to do before," Stover said, "We needed them yesterday. "He said sniffer dogs are still the best search tool for rescue workers, but that they can onlybe used effectively when workers have access to damaged building.Stover, among the rescue workers who handled the aftermath (后果) of Hurricane Katrina,said snake robots would have helped rescuers search flooded houses in that disaster.Choset said the robots may not be ready for use for another five to ten years, depending on funding.32. Which institution is responsible for the development of Choset's robots?33.Choset believes that his invention _______________________________________________________ .34.By saying "We needed them yesterday" (paragraph 7), Stover means that snake-like robots_________ .35.What is the text mainly about?Keys: 57. CADEF62. Carnegie Mellon University63. Can find victims more quickly than a sniffer dog64. Would have been put to use in past rescue work65. The development of snake—like roboesTranslation66. 那个学生连续两年获得全优，她的父母为此很自豪 (row)67．尽管困难重重，她还是设法提前完成了任务.(spite)68．自主学习的优势之一就是它能让你学习任何你感兴趣的东西。
高中英语牛津上海版高中二年级第一学期期末巩固提升卷(二)(有答案)
高二上学期期末巩固提升卷（二）Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.(A)The key to handling interactions with grace: anticipating (expect; foresee) the other person's point of view (often before he knows it himself).How to frame criticism---No one likes (17)___(tell) he is doing something wrong, which means that even "constructive criticism" is usually received with destructiveness. That's (18) ____Denver psychologist SusanHeitler --- a power of two , a website focused on building communicative skills---(19) _____ (recommend) feedback that “skips the complaining and goes straight to the explaining."For instance, (20)_____cooking, don't say to your husband, "That's not the way to saut. It will dry out the potatoes." Instead, offer helpful advice, such as "My grandma taught me three tips for keeping sauteed potatoes soft and yummy: Start your potatoes and onions in a hot skillet; keep adding small amounts of butter, and keep stirring until the onions are translucent."For parents, the same approach applies to homework and chores. Choose (21) __ (encourage) statements over stem commands, and say what you'd prefer your child to do rather than what he has not done and has done incorrectly. Say "I'd love to see your playroom, cleaned up by this weekend so your friends can have fun there" instead of “This place is (22) _____ mess! What have you been doing? You haven't picked up one thing. No one is coming over this weekend (23) ____ this room is spotless."(B)I became an oil well owner in 1968, at the age of 22. My father (24) ______ (run) governor and he had to divest himself of many holdings to avoid conflicts of interest. He gave my sisters and me part ownership of a well that he had bought from an old Army buddy. That (25)______ soundpretty grand, but the well had been in operation for years and-was producing a trickle (flowing in drops ) enough to pay each of us $28 a month.It wasn't that unusual at that time to own an oil well. In many countries, the government owns the rights to oil, gas, and other underground resources and controls development. Here, oil companies deal directly with the people who own the booty, (26) ___tends to encourage entrepreneurism and development, for better or worse.In 1973, I started receiving letters from Exxon (27)______(explain) that the company planned to utilize our oil field, so we (28) _____(pay) a percentage of what the entire field produced(29)___ ___what came from our individual well. There was a risk: We could earn less. The company offered to buy me and my siblings out for$5,000 each. .My sisters were elated (excited) One bought a horse with the money; the other put an addition on her house. I figured that if Exxon wanted our well so badly, they had to know (30) ______ I didn’t, so I hung onto my share.The royalties plunged to about$10 a month.I was beginning to feel (31) _____(little) like J.R.Ewing and a lot more like Cliff Barnes, the Dupe(a person who is tricked) who was always getting outfoxed by the E wings. But time passed and technology progressed until, last year, I started receiving letters and calls from wildcatters who wanted to use newer techniques to siphon (draw) the remaining oil out of the field, now (32) ____ (call)the Webster tract. In some cases, they were sending $6,000 checks to buy m y share.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Should a desperate mother be allowed to entice donors with cash?The Case of The Bone Marrow BuyerAll Doreen Gummoe could do was __33__. Her daughter Jordan Flynn had been born with Fanconi anemia, a rare inherited blood disorder that destroys bone marrow and makes__34___ highly susceptible to cancer. In spring 2012, when Jordan was 14, doctors found preleukemia cells in her blood. Without an __35___bone marrow transplant, she would likely die with months.Typically, siblings are the most viable donors, but Jordan's brothers weren't matches. In 2005, Gummoe had given birth to twin girls, Julia and Jorja, who also have Fanconi anemia. Someday, they will likely each need transplants as well.Gummoe, who lives in Lewiston, Maine, turned to the National Marrow Donor Program's registry, __36___to find a willing donor for Jordan in the 2 percent of people who are registered. Sometimes a donor isn't willing to undergo the procedure, even if he or she is a match. Years ago, transplants required a ____ biopsy in the pelvic bone. Today, the method, apheresis, involves ___38__donors to a machine that draws blood, harvests stem cells, and returns the blood, which __39___ regenerates the stem cells that have been removed.“ If there were compensation (money given as a payment) for bone marrow donors, that might put more people in the registry,” says Gummoe. “ There'd be a better chance of finding a donor."However, according to 1984’s National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA), buying and selling organs, including bone marrow, is _40__. So in 2009----two and a half years before Jordan would need her transplant---Gummoe became the lead plaintiff(原告) in a lawsuit filed against the U. S attorney general (chief law officer) to __41___ the law. .The government responded that "statute (law) plainly classifies ‘bone marrow' as an organ for which compensation is __42___ .” Furthermore, by enacting NOTA into law, Congress took the position that "human body parts should not be viewed as commodities."Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Capt. Scott Kelly and Col. Tim Kopraare standing back-to-back on a steel platform in the Neutral Buoyancy Lab in Houston, outfitted in space suits. A crane slowly lowers the astronauts into huge swimming pool. Kelly and Kopra will spend six hours underwater, doing a _ 43 _ space walk, going through every step of _44__ part of the space station's robotic arm. It's a maintenance task that will do in space in November.They spend 30 minutes getting latched into the suits, each of which weighs 230 pounds empty. "See how each astronaut has three or four guys helping him?” says astronaut Kevin Ford. "On the station, it's just one guy. The procedure to get into the space suits and out the hatch is a 400-step checklist. And you don't want to__45___too many of those steps.”Spacewalking is the ultimate thrill ride. When you're outside the station, _46_ you’re your one-person space craft, you are literally an independent astronomical body, _ 47__ of Earth, orbiting at 17,500 miles an hour. When you look at Earth between your boots, that first step is more than one million feet down.But spacewalking also exemplifies (倒证)，just how dangerous space is, how a single connector not ____ mated can lead to catastrophe, or how a single O-ring can lead to _49_, as it did with the Challenge shuttle disaster in 1986. NASA deals with risk by swinging (squeezing) all the surprise out of it. All the scripting, the rehearsal, the design considerations---life in space isn't just stranger than folks realize; it's _50 .The space walk is in some ways a microcosm of the whole space station program: difficult, awe-inspiring, and strangely tautological(重复的). Astronauts walk in space to __51__ and the space station so that the future astronauts will have a base to fly to.And they fly in space because of human _52_, because nothing tests our ability and character like _53__ ourselves beyond what we can now. We fly in space because space is the eighth continent. We fly in space as curious __54__now because one day we may need to fly in space, as miners or settlers.These are long-horizon ideas---centuries long. Even so, what __55__ from them as a sense of how hard living, working, and travelling in space still is. We take for granted something that is anything but routine. The astronauts experience every day.One day on the station, Mike Fincke decided it would be __56_ to call one of his professors from MIT. "So the department secretary answers the phone," Fincke says. "She said, 'Well, he's busy right now’. Pause. 'But I guess because you're calling from space, 1'll _57_ .”43. A. individual B. virtual C. practice D. timely44. A. replacing B. structuring C. installing D. cleaning45. A count B. delete C. leave D. skip46.A. sealed B. trapped C. blocked D. shut47. A. a tiny star B. a tiny moon C. a separate planet D. a huge rocket48.A.tightly B. properly C. swiftly D. constantly49.A.failure B. disappearance C. destruction D. trouble50. A. less interesting B. more boring C. harder D. less demanding51. A. operate B. maintain C. conduct D. supervise52.A. progress B. advancement C. consciousness D. ambition53..A.imposing B. stretching C devoting D. preparing54.A.explorers B. researchers C. witnesses D. travellers55.A.has gained B. has learned C. is missing D. has suffered56.A.fun B. easy C. impossible D. unnecessary57.A. cut you off B. call you back C. let you down D. put you' throughSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Dad,I’m writing to you as I feel it’s been quite a while since we last spoke (two years to be exact, you hung up on me). So how is Germany? How old are your other children now? What have you been up to this year? I finished my A-levels this summer. But enough small talk. On our European road trip in the summer, the journey took us close to your house and I asked Mum and my stepdad if we could pay a visit so that I could see you. Outside your house, I couldn’t bring myself to get out of the car and knock on the door.I’ve tried so many different forms of communication －email, the phone and I also suggested Skype. Yet I still can’t get through to you.My mum, step dad and I sat around the table trying to work out why I had felt unable to knock on your door that day. At last it came to me. I think, perhaps subconsciously, I was saving myself the grief of your response.Why can’t your parental obligations stretch to all three of your children, not just your two recent ones? In our previous conversations, which ended suddenly, as your older son needed to be put to bed, I’d ask you how he was doing at school, and you’d talk about the weather. No onelistening would be able to tell there was any difference between our relationship and one you might have with a neighbour.Forget your excuses – that the flight to visit me is expensive and that you need to look after your other children (I hope you can see the irony(讽刺) in that). While you watch their school plays, don’t you consider that I would have liked you to be there at mine?Perhaps the reason I didn’t knock on your door was that I just don’t care anymore. I’m exhausted trying to make this work. Maybe a part of me wasn’t actually bothered whether I saw you or not that day — you’ve already lost so much meaning in my life; you are someone who just sends me a birthday card.This isn’t me being bitter, although I was initially. It’s just a way of telling you how I really feel.Phoebe58. How did Phoebe feel when she was sitting in the car outside her father’s house?A. ExcitedB. PuzzledC. DisappointedD. Embarrassed59. Based on this letter, we can learn that Phoebe’s father _____________.A. lives in the same city with his daughterB. got divorced and left Phoebe and her motherC. has never had any communication with PhoebeD. takes good care of all his children60. What does the “irony” refer to in Paragraph 5?A. He ended his conversation with Phoebe just to put his son to bed.B. He lives in a big house but has no money to buy an air ticket.C. He talked with Phoebe, his daughter, as if with a neighbour.D. Phoebe is also his child but he excuses himself from caring about her.61. Phoebe didn’t knock on her father’s door that day because _____________.A. she was afraid of his dad’s unexpected responses to her visitB. she didn’t want to bother her father’s happy life with his current familyC. she was tired of being the one who make efforts for their relationshipD. she suddenly realized that her father had no meaning in her l(B)4 Hotels That Will Make Your Life EasierBY JOHN BRANDONFor the business traveler who is all about efficiency: Check out these hotels that will get you in and out with a minimum of trouble.When you are pressed for time on a business trip, nothing can infuriate you more than a slow hotel check-in process. On your next trip, try these hotels that offer a speedier check-in process.1.Yotel New YorkThe self-service kiosks at this high-tech New York hotel work just like the ones you’d see at an airport. There are just five-steps to register and obtain your card key. There is even a robotic luggage bellboy. You tap in the number of bags you are carrying and sizes, then wait for a robot arm to swing down and store your luggage in a locker (say, for a day trip). This also speeds up the check-in process if the first thing you need to do, like me, is head to a series of meetings.2. Marriott Detroit AirportAnother option for business travelers in a hurry: Marriott is rolling out its mobile check-in app to 325 hot els this year, including the Marriott Detroit Airport hotel. (I’ve tested the app itself but not for a real visit quite yet.) Here is the basic idea: you download the iphone or Android app. The night before, you can “check-in” virtually. When you arrive, y ou get an alert that the room is ready and your key, which is already tied to your reservation, is waiting for you at the desk.3. Hyatt Regency MinneapolisI happened to stay at this hotel recently and liked how fast the kiosk check-in works. Like theYotel, the kiosk asks you to insert your credit card, similar to an airport terminal. The whole process took about three minutes, when I left, I was equally impressed with the fastcheck-out. An agent meets you in the lobby with an ipad and asks for an email to use for a receipt. The big advantage: you never have to wait in line.4. Radisson: LaCrosseThe Radisson is trying to make the kiosk process even faster, at a few select hotels like the Radisson Lacrosse in Wisconsin, you use a mobile app to register and then receive a barcode by email or text. When you get the kiosk, you scan the barcode to get your key without any other steps required. It’s super fast. You can find this new check-in system at the Radisson hotels in Salt Lake City, Seattle, and Phoenix as well.62. What does the word “infuriate” in paragraph 2 most mean?A. annoy.B. remind.C. amuse. D impress.63. Which two hotels offer a mobile app for customers to check in?A.Yotel New York and Marriott Detroit Airport.B.Marriott Detroit Airport and Radisson: LaCrosse.C.Marriott Detroit Airport.and Hyatt Regency Minneapolis.D.Hyatt Regency Minneapolis and Radisson: LaCrosse.64. Which hotel will send you a receipt by email?A.Yotel New York.B.Marriott Detroit Airport.C.Radisson: La Crosse.D.Hyatt Regency Minneapolis.65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.At Yotel New York, a robot will help you with all the check-in process.B.With its check-in app, you may enter your room in Marriott without a key.C.Hyatt Regency Minneapolis is close to an airport terminal.D.The bar code you receive from Radisson contributes to the fast check-in.(C)In a class this past December, after I wrote some directions on the board for students about their final examination, one young woman quickly took a picture of the board using her smart phone. When I looked in her direction, she apologized, “Sorry. Was it wrong to take a picture”“I can’t read my own handwriting,” the young woman explained. “It’s best if I take a picture of your writing so I can understand the notes.”That remark started a class-wide conversation about taking a picture instead of taking notes. For those in the photo-taking camp, motivations extended beyond their inability to comprehend their own handwriting. Some took pictures of notes because they knew their phone was a safe place to store material. They might lose paper, they reasoned, but they wouldn’t lose their phones. Some took photos because they wanted to record exactly the manner in which I had noted information on the board. Others told me that during class they liked to be able to listen to the discussion attentively.Yet the use of cameras as note takers, though it may be convenient, does raise significant questions for the classroom. Is a picture an effective replacement for the process of note-taking?Instructors encourage students to take notes because the act of doing so is more than merely recording necessary information—it helps prepare the way for understanding. Encouraging students to take notes may be an old-fashioned instructional method, but just because a methodhas a long history doesn’t mean it’s out of date. Writing things down engages a student’s brain in listening, visual, and kinesthetic(触觉的) learning—a view supported by a longstanding research. The act of writing down information enables a person to begin committing it to memory, and to process and combine it, establishing the building blocks of learning new concepts.Taking a picture does indeed record the information, but it deletes some of the necessary mental engagement that taking notes employs. So can the two be equally effective66. The woman apologized in the class because she_________.A. had the bad handwritingB. missed the teachers’ directionsC. took a picture of the boardD. disturbed other students’ learning67. According to the passage, which of the following may NOT explain students’ reluctance to take notes?A. They lack proper techniques for taking notes.B. They want to listen more attentively in class.C. They believe smart phones are much safer for storing notes.D. They want to have the exact version of the notes on the board.68. According to the passage, taking notes by hand__________.A. requires students to think independentlyB. helps students actively participate in learningC. proves to be an old and useless learning methodD. seems unsuitable for students to learn new ideas69. What is the main idea of this passageA. The traditional way of note-taking should be replaced.B. A modern way of note-taking is catching on.C. Note-taking by hand is not out of date.D. A picture is worth a thousand words.Section C (8’)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Arsenic(砷) in Rice May Cause CancerWe Americans ingest an average of 25 pounds of rice a year---and a portion of that comes from drinking beer Yes, rice is a sample in our diet. But is it a safe one? Consumer reports recently found "troubling" levels of inorganic arsenic, a known human carcinogen (a substance which can cause cancer) in almost every rice-containing food it tested. _70_ , but rice takes up arsenic from soil and water more readily than other grains do.Health-conscious consumers rely on brown rice, which has even more arsenic. In the ConsumerReports test, a quarter cup of uncooked white rice had from roughly l to 7 micrograms of inorganic arsenic, while brown rice had from 4 to 10 micrograms. Why the difference? ___71__What about rice cakes? 'They contained from 2 to 8 micrograms per serving, while hot and ready-to-eat rice cereals had 2 to7 micrograms. These levels areat least five times higher than thosefound in other cereals, such as oatmeal.Studies show that people exposed to 'large amounts of arsenic for many years are more likely to die ofcancer. In Bangladesh, people who drank tap water that contained 50 to 149 micrograms of arsenic perliter for 20 or 30 years, for example, were 44 percent more likely to die of cancer. _72_. (The U.S.Environmental Protection Agency limits the total amount of arsenic in drinking water to 10 micrograms per liter.) but our total risk is unclear. There isn't enough data to set a limit on inorganic arsenic in food, says the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.The Bottom Line:_____ Consumer reports recommends that adults eat no more than l+1/2 to 2 cupsof cooked (brown or white) rice a week. And here is a way to lessen risk: Rinse your rice, cook it in sixparts water to one part rice until it reaches eating texture, and then pour off the extra water. This canremove about half the arsenicTranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.74.老实说，这支足球队不太可能赢下比赛。
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现在完成进行时现在完成时（1）现在完成时除可以和for, since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during/in/over the last few years/months/weeks, in recent years等。
例：Great changes have taken place in the last few years in our hometown.过去几年我们的家乡发生了巨大变化。
（2）下列句型中常用现在完成时：It is/has been +一段时间+ since从句This/That/It is the first/second time that+完成时This/That/It is the only...+that+完成时This/That/It is the best/finest/most interesting...+that从句+完成时例：It is the second time that I have been to Shanghai. 这是我第二次来上海。
2. 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时表示到现在为止一直进行的动作，这个动作可能仍在进行，也可能停止了。
现在完成进行时由“助动词have/has+been+v-ing”构成；否定形式have/has+not+been+ v-ing；疑问形式是将have/has提前。
例：①—Hi, Tracy, you look tired. 嗨，特蕾西！你看上去很累。
—Yes. I have been working all the time. 是的，我一直都在工作。
①The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中国人造纸已有2000年历史了。
①I have been telling him to study hard. 我一直告诉他学习要刻苦学习。
基本用法：（1）表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时候刚结束。
例：①I have been waiting you for about one hour.我等你大约一个小时了。
（说话时“等”的动作刚结束）①She has been working all night long. 她工作了一夜。
（说话时“工作”的动作刚结束）（2）表示从过去某时开始的动作一直延续到说话时还在继续进行，并有可能延续下去的动作。
常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。
例：①They have been living here for 10 years. 他们住在这里十年了。
①It has been raining for 3 days. 雨下了三天了。
（3）表示一个过去的动作对现在的影响或造成的结果（相当于现在完成时）。
例：①She has been doing too much work. 她做的工作太多了。
①Who has been insulting you? 谁欺负你了？（4）表示重复（指断断续续，而非一直不停）例：①We have been discussing the matter several times this year.我们今年已讨论那件事数次了。
①I have been saying goodbye to some friends today. 我今天同好几个朋友告了别。
（5）现在完成进行时多用持续性动词，如live, learn, lie, stay, wait, stand, rest, study等；常和all the time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语连用。
例：①What have you been doing recently? 你最近一直在做什么？①I have been fixing the fridge all this morning. 我一上午都在修理冰箱。
3.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较（1）现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成，或者在过去曾经发生过的动作；现在完成时往往表示仍将继续下去的动作。
例：①I have written an article. 我写了一篇文章。
（已完成）①I have been writing an article. 我一直在写一篇文章。
（还在写）①They have built a ship. 他们建了一艘船。
（已完成）①They have been building a ship. 他们一直在建一艘船。
（还在进行）（2）当现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束时，现在完成时强调动作的结果，现在完成进行时则强调动作在不久以前持续进行的情景，并带有感情色彩。
例：①Now we have cleaned the room, we can move the things in.现在房子打扫好了，我们可以往里搬东西了。
（强调打扫完了的结果）①—You look so tired. What have you been doing? 你看起来很累，你干什么了？—I've been playing football. 我踢足球了。
（强调不久前踢球的情景）（3）有些静态动词只能用于现在完成时，一般不能用于现在完成进行时。
例：①I’ve known him for many years. 我认识他有许多年了。
①The war has lasted for a long time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。
（4）有少数动词（如live, work, teach, study等）用两种时态都可以，意思差别不大。
例：①I’ve lived/been living here for 30 years. 我在这儿住了30年了。
①How long have you worked/been working here? 你在这里工作多久了?（1）现在完成进行时不与状态动词连用如：include, believe, belong, doubt, agree, know, have, 注：wish, want, love, hate, own等。
例：They have always had a big house. 他们一直有个大房子。
（2）现在完成进行时没有被动语态例：They have been repairing the house. （√）他们一直在修房子。
The house has been being repaired.（×）时态语态综合讲解在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。
要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。
1.一般现在时一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。
用所给词的适当形式填空：①I'll go there after I ________(finish) my work.①The water will be further polluted unless some measures ________(take)．①My train ________(leave) at 6：30.①A snow ________(expect) to come next week.①On the wall ________(hang) a picture.①This kind of cloth ________(wash) well.①Don't take it away. It ________(belong) to me.①He said water________(boil) at 100 ①.2. 一般过去时和现在完成时一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。
现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now ＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强调的是对现在的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续。
请区别下列几组句子：①He has lived in London for three years.(现在还住在伦敦)He lived in London for three years.(现在不在伦敦了)①It's two years since he smoked.(他不抽烟已两年了)It's two years since he began to smoke.(他抽烟已有两年了)①This is the first/second/...time (that) I have_visited the school.This was the first/second/...time I had_visited the school.① He was writing a book last year.(去年他在写一本书)He wrote a book last year.(去年他写了一本书)①I thought he was an American.(我原以为他是美国人)I think he is an American.(我想他是美国人)用所给词的适当形式填空：①—I haven't seen you for ages. Haven't you graduated from college?—Yes. I________(study) English for four years in Nanjing University.①Where ________ you________(put) my book? I can't find it anywhere.①Although he has lived with us for years，he ________(not leave) us much impression.①My brother is an actor. He ________(appear) in several films in the past few years.①—Li Pin may not come tonight.—But he ________(promise)．3. 过去完成时和将来完成时过去完成时表示一件事情发生在过去，而另一件事情先于它发生(即表示“过去的过去”)。